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Liu T, Li Y, Duan W, Huang F, Hou X. Cold acclimation alters DNA methylation patterns and confers tolerance to heat and increases growth rate in Brassica rapa. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1213-1224. [PMID: 28158841 PMCID: PMC5441862 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are implicated in plant adaptations to abiotic stresses. Exposure of plants to one stress can induce resistance to other stresses, a process termed cross-adaptation, which is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to unravel the epigenetic basis of elevated heat-tolerance in cold-acclimated Brassica rapa by conducting a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of leaves from control (CK) and cold-acclimated (CA) plants. We found that both methylation and demethylation occurred during cold acclimation. Two significantly altered pathways, malate dehydrogenase activity and carbon fixation, and 1562 differentially methylated genes, including BramMDH1, BraKAT2, BraSHM4, and Bra4CL2, were identified in CA plants. Genetic validation and treatment of B. rapa with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (Aza) suggested that promoter demethylation of four candidate genes increased their transcriptional activities. Physiological analysis suggested that elevated heat-tolerance and high growth rate were closely related to increases in organic acids and photosynthesis, respectively. Functional analyses demonstrated that the candidate gene BramMDH1 (mMDH: mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase) directly enhances organic acids and photosynthesis to increase heat-tolerance and growth rate in Arabidopsis. However, Aza-treated B. rapa, which also has elevated BramMDH1 levels, did not exhibit enhanced heat-tolerance. We therefore suggest that DNA demethylation alone is not sufficient to increase heat-tolerance. This study demonstrates that altered DNA methylation contributes to cross-adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongkun Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weike Duan
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feiyi Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Waters AJ, Makarevitch I, Noshay J, Burghardt LT, Hirsch CN, Hirsch CD, Springer NM. Natural variation for gene expression responses to abiotic stress in maize. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:706-717. [PMID: 28188666 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to abiotic stress through a variety of physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional mechanisms. Many genes exhibit altered levels of expression in response to abiotic stress, which requires concerted action of both cis- and trans-regulatory features. In order to study the variability in transcriptome response to abiotic stress, RNA sequencing was performed using 14-day-old maize seedlings of inbreds B73, Mo17, Oh43, PH207 and B37 under control, cold and heat conditions. Large numbers of genes that responded differentially to stress between parental inbred lines were identified. RNA sequencing was also performed on similar tissues of the F1 hybrids produced by crossing B73 and each of the three other inbred lines. By evaluating allele-specific transcript abundance in the F1 hybrids, we were able to measure the abundance of cis- and trans-regulatory variation between genotypes for both steady-state and stress-responsive expression differences. Although examples of trans-regulatory variation were observed, cis-regulatory variation was more common for both steady-state and stress-responsive expression differences. The genes with cis-allelic variation for response to cold or heat stress provided an opportunity to study the basis for regulatory diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Waters
- Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Irina Makarevitch
- Department of Biology, Hamline University, Saint Paul, MN, 55114, USA
| | - Jaclyn Noshay
- Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Liana T Burghardt
- Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Candice N Hirsch
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Cory D Hirsch
- Department of Plant Pathology, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Nathan M Springer
- Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Maruyama K, Ogata T, Kanamori N, Yoshiwara K, Goto S, Yamamoto YY, Tokoro Y, Noda C, Takaki Y, Urawa H, Iuchi S, Urano K, Yoshida T, Sakurai T, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Design of an optimal promoter involved in the heat-induced transcriptional pathway in Arabidopsis, soybean, rice and maize. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:671-680. [PMID: 27862521 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between heat shock (HS) factors (HSFs) and heat shock response elements (HSEs) are important during the heat shock response (HSR) of flora and fauna. Moreover, plant HSFs that are involved in heat stress are also involved in abiotic stresses such as dehydration and cold as well as development, cell differentiation and proliferation. Because the specific combination of HSFs and HSEs involved in plants under heat stress remains unclear, the mechanism of their interaction has not yet been utilized in molecular breeding of plants for climate change. For the study reported herein, we compared the sequences of HS-inducible genes and their promoters in Arabidopsis, soybean, rice and maize and then designed an optimal HS-inducible promoter. Our analyses suggest that, for the four species, the abscisic acid-independent, HSE/HSF-dependent transcriptional pathway plays a major role in HS-inducible gene expression. We found that an 18-bp sequence that includes the HSE has an important role in the HSR, and that those sequences could be classified as representative of monocotyledons or dicotyledons. With the HS-inducible promoter designed based on our bioinformatic predictions, we were able to develop an optimal HS-specific inducible promoter for seedlings or single cells in roots. These findings demonstrate the utility of our HS-specific inducible promoter, which we expect will contribute to molecular breeding efforts and cell-targeted gene expression in specific plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyonoshin Maruyama
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Takuya Ogata
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Norihito Kanamori
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Kyouko Yoshiwara
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Shingo Goto
- Citrus Research Division, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, NARO, Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture, 424-0292, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Y Yamamoto
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences and United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, 501-1103, Japan
| | - Yuko Tokoro
- Faculty of Education, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University, Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, 501-6194, Japan
| | - Chihiro Noda
- Faculty of Education, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University, Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, 501-6194, Japan
| | - Yuta Takaki
- Faculty of Education, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University, Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, 501-6194, Japan
| | - Hiroko Urawa
- Faculty of Education, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University, Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, 501-6194, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iuchi
- RIKEN Bioresource Center, Koyadai 3-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Kaoru Urano
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Yoshida
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sakurai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Research and Education Faculty, Multidisciplinary Science Cluster, Interdisciplinary Science Unit, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8502, Japan
| | - Mikiko Kojima
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Adler G, Konrad Z, Zamir L, Mishra AK, Raveh D, Bar-Zvi D. The Arabidopsis paralogs, PUB46 and PUB48, encoding U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases, are essential for plant response to drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:8. [PMID: 28077082 PMCID: PMC5225562 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants respond to abiotic stress on physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. This includes a global change in their cellular proteome achieved by changes in the pattern of their protein synthesis and degradation. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a key player in protein degradation in eukaryotes. Proteins are marked for degradation by the proteasome by coupling short chains of ubiquitin polypeptides in a three-step pathway. The last and regulatory stage is catalyzed by a member of a large family of substrate-specific ubiquitin ligases. RESULTS We have identified AtPUB46 and AtPUB48-two paralogous genes that encode ubiquitin ligases (E3s)-to have a role in the plant environmental response. The AtPUB46, -47, and -48 appear as tandem gene copies on chromosome 5, and we present a phylogenetic analysis that traces their evolution from an ancestral PUB-ARM gene. Single homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants of AtPUB46 and AtPUB48 displayed hypersensitivity to water stress; this was not observed for similar mutants of AtPUB47. Although the three genes show a similar spatial expression pattern, the steady state levels of their transcripts are differentially affected by abiotic stresses and plant hormones. CONCLUSIONS AtPUB46 and AtPUB48 encode plant U-Box E3s and are involved in the response to water stress. Our data suggest that despite encoding highly homologous proteins, AtPUB46 and AtPUB48 biological activity does not fully overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Adler
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
- The Doris and Bertie I. Black Center for Bioenergetics in Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
| | - Zvia Konrad
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
- The Doris and Bertie I. Black Center for Bioenergetics in Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
| | - Lyad Zamir
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
- The Doris and Bertie I. Black Center for Bioenergetics in Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
| | - Amit Kumar Mishra
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
- The Doris and Bertie I. Black Center for Bioenergetics in Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
| | - Dina Raveh
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
| | - Dudy Bar-Zvi
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
- The Doris and Bertie I. Black Center for Bioenergetics in Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Blvd, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
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55
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Serivichyaswat PT, Susila H, Ahn JH. Elongated Hypocotyl 5-Homolog (HYH) Negatively Regulates Expression of the Ambient Temperature-Responsive MicroRNA Gene MIR169. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2087. [PMID: 29270188 PMCID: PMC5725467 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis microRNA169 (miR169) is an ambient temperature-responsive microRNA that plays an important role in stress responses and the floral transition. However, the transcription factors that regulate the expression of MIR169 have remained unknown. In this study, we show that Elongated Hypocotyl 5-Homolog (HYH) directly binds to the promoter of MIR169a and negatively regulates its expression. Absolute quantification identified MIR169a as the major locus producing miR169. GUS reporter assays revealed that the deletion of a 498-bp fragment (-1,505 to -1,007, relative to the major transcriptional start site) of MIR169a abolished its ambient temperature-responsive expression. DNA-affinity chromatography followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified transcription factor HYH as a trans-acting factor that binds to the 498-bp promoter fragment of pri-miR169a. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR demonstrated that the HYH.2 protein, a predominant isoform of HYH, directly associated with a G-box-like motif in the 498-bp fragment of pri-miR169a. Higher enrichment of HYH.2 protein on the promoter region of MIR169a was seen at 23°C, consistent with the presence of more HYH.2 protein in the cell at the temperature. Transcript levels of pri-miR169a increased in hyh mutants and decreased in transgenic plants overexpressing HYH. Consistent with the negative regulation of MIR169a by HYH, the diurnal levels of HYH mRNA and pri-miR169a showed opposite patterns. Taken together, our results suggest that HYH is a transcription factor that binds to a G-box-like motif in the MIR169a promoter and negatively regulates ambient temperature-responsive expression of MIR169a at higher temperatures in Arabidopsis.
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56
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Pazouki L, Kanagendran A, Li S, Kännaste A, Memari HR, Bichele R, Niinemets Ü. Mono- and sesquiterpene release from tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) leaves upon mild and severe heat stress and through recovery: from gene expression to emission responses. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 132:1-15. [PMID: 29367791 PMCID: PMC5777606 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants frequently experience heat ramps of various severities, but how and to what degree plant metabolic activity recovers from mild and severe heat stress is poorly understood. In this study, we exposed the constitutive terpene emitter, Solanum. lycopersicum leaves to mild (37 and 41 °C), moderate (46 °C) and severe (49 °C) heat ramps of 5 min. and monitored foliage photosynthetic activity, lipoxygenase pathway volatile (LOX), and mono- and sesquiterpene emissions and expression of two terpene synthase genes, β-phellandrene synthase and (E)-β-caryophyllene/α-humulene synthase, through a 24 h recovery period upon return to pre-stress conditions. Leaf monoterpene emissions were dominated by β-phellandrene and sesquiterpene emissions by (E)-β-caryophyllene, and thus, these two terpene synthase genes were representative for the two volatile terpene classes. Photosynthetic characteristics partly recovered under moderate heat stress, and very limited recovery was observed under severe stress. All stress treatments resulted in elicitation of LOX emissions that declined during recovery. Enhanced mono- and sesquiterpene emissions were observed immediately after the heat treatment, but the emissions decreased even to below the control treatment during recovery between 2-10 h, and raised again by 24 h. The expression of β-phellandrene and (E)-β-caryophyllene synthase genes decreased between 2-10 h after heat stress, and recovered to pre-stress level in mild heat stress treatment by 24 h. Overall, this study demonstrates a highly sensitive heat response of terpenoid synthesis that is mainly controlled by gene level responses under mild stress, while severe stress leads to non-recoverable declines in foliage physiological and gene expression activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Pazouki
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Arooran Kanagendran
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Shuai Li
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Astrid Kännaste
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Hamid Rajabi Memari
- Biotechnology and Life Science Center and School of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Rudolf Bichele
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51014, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
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57
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Huang YC, Niu CY, Yang CR, Jinn TL. The Heat Stress Factor HSFA6b Connects ABA Signaling and ABA-Mediated Heat Responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:1182-1199. [PMID: 27493213 PMCID: PMC5047099 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress response (HSR) is a conserved mechanism developed to increase the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) via a heat shock factor (HSF)-dependent mechanism. Signaling by the stress phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in acquired thermotolerance as well. Analysis of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) microarray databases revealed that the expression of HSFA6b, a class A HSF, extensively increased with salinity, osmotic, and cold stresses, but not heat. Here, we show that HSFA6b plays a pivotal role in the response to ABA and in thermotolerance. Salt-inducible HSFA6b expression was down-regulated in ABA-insensitive and -deficient mutants; however, exogenous ABA application restored expression in ABA-deficient, but not -insensitive plants. Thus, ABA signaling is required for proper HSFA6b expression. A transcriptional activation assay of protoplasts revealed that ABA treatment and coexpression of an ABA signaling master effector, ABA-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN1, could activate the HSFA6b promoter. In addition, HSFA6b directly bound to the promoter of DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN2A and enhanced its expression. Analysis of ABA responses in seed germination, cotyledon greening, and root growth as well as salt and drought tolerance in HSFA6b-null, overexpression, and dominant negative mutants revealed that HSFA6b is a positive regulator participating in ABA-mediated salt and drought resistance. Thermoprotection tests showed that HSFA6b was required for thermotolerance acquisition. Our study reveals a network in which HSFA6b operates as a downstream regulator of the ABA-mediated stress response and is required for heat stress resistance. This new ABA-signaling pathway is integrated into the complex HSR network in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chen Huang
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yen Niu
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ru Yang
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Luo Jinn
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Zou B, Lu S, Ding Y, Liu H, Hua J. Expression and promoter analysis of the OsHSP16.9C gene in rice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:260-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Effects of plasma irradiation using various feeding gases on growth of Raphanus sativus L. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 605:129-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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60
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Zeng JK, Li X, Zhang J, Ge H, Yin XR, Chen KS. Regulation of loquat fruit low temperature response and lignification involves interaction of heat shock factors and genes associated with lignin biosynthesis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1780-9. [PMID: 27006258 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying lignin metabolism have been widely studied in model plants and woody trees, as well as fruit, such as loquat (Eriobotrya japonica). Unlike the well-known NAC, MYB and AP2/ERF transcription factors, the roles of heat shock factors (HSFs) in lignin regulation have been rarely reported. Two treatments (heat treatment, HT; low temperature conditioning, LTC) were applied to alleviate low temperature-induced lignification in loquat fruit. Gene expression analysis indicated that EjHSF1 transcript abundance, in parallel with heat shock protein genes (EjHsp), was induced by HT, while expression of EjHSF3 was repressed by LTC. Using dual-luciferase assays, EjHSF1 and EjHSF3 trans-activated the promoters of EjHsp genes and lignin biosynthesis-related genes, respectively. Thus, two distinct regulatory mechanisms of EjHSF transcription factors in chilling injury-induced fruit lignification are proposed: EjHSF1 transcriptionally regulated EjHsp genes are involved in chilling tolerance, while EjHSF3 transcriptionally regulated lignin biosynthesis. Furthermore, the relations between EjHSF3 and previously characterized fruit lignification regulators, including EjAP2-1, EjMYB1 and EjMYB2, were also investigated. Yeast-two hybrid (Y2H) and biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays demonstrated protein-protein interaction between EjHSF3 and EjAP2-1. Thus, the involvement of EjHSF3 in fruit lignification is via both lignin biosynthetic genes and the regulator, EjAP2-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Ke Zeng
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xian Li
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Hang Ge
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xue-Ren Yin
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Kun-Song Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
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Wang X, Huang W, Yang Z, Liu J, Huang B. Transcriptional regulation of heat shock proteins and ascorbate peroxidase by CtHsfA2b from African bermudagrass conferring heat tolerance in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28021. [PMID: 27320381 PMCID: PMC4913247 DOI: 10.1038/srep28021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress transcription factor A2s (HsfA2s) are key regulators in plant response to high temperature. Our objectives were to isolate an HsfA2 gene (CtHsfA2b) from a warm-season grass species, African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy), and to determine the physiological functions and transcriptional regulation of HsfA2 for improving heat tolerance. Gene expression analysis revealed that CtHsfA2b was heat-inducible and exhibited rapid response to increasing temperature. Ectopic expression of CtHsfA2b improved heat tolerance in Arabidopsis and restored heat-sensitive defects of Arabidopsis hsfa2 mutant, which was demonstrated by higher survival rate and photosynthetic parameters, and lower electrolyte leakage in transgenic plants compared to the WT or hsfa2 mutant. CtHsfA2b transgenic plants showed elevated transcriptional regulation of several downstream genes, including those encoding ascorbate peroxidase (AtApx2) and heat shock proteins [AtHsp18.1-CI, AtHsp22.0-ER, AtHsp25.3-P and AtHsp26.5-P(r), AtHsp70b and AtHsp101-3]. CtHsfA2b was found to bind to the heat shock element (HSE) on the promoter of AtApx2 and enhanced transcriptional activity of AtApx2. These results suggested that CtHsfA2b could play positive roles in heat protection by up-regulating antioxidant defense and chaperoning mechanisms. CtHsfA2b has the potential to be used as a candidate gene to genetically modify cool-season species for improving heat tolerance.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Arabidopsis/enzymology
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Arabidopsis/growth & development
- Arabidopsis/physiology
- Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics
- Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism
- Ascorbate Peroxidases/genetics
- Ascorbate Peroxidases/metabolism
- Cynodon/genetics
- DNA, Plant/chemistry
- DNA, Plant/isolation & purification
- DNA, Plant/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Heat Shock Transcription Factors/genetics
- Heat Shock Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- Heat-Shock Response/physiology
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/enzymology
- Plants, Genetically Modified/growth & development
- Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Stress, Physiological
- Thermotolerance/genetics
- Transcriptional Activation
- Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Wanlu Huang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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62
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Yang X, Zhu W, Zhang H, Liu N, Tian S. Heat shock factors in tomatoes: genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling under development and heat stress. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1961. [PMID: 27190703 PMCID: PMC4867723 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The HSF (heat shock factor) gene family contains highly conserved plant-specific transcription factors that play an important role in plant high-temperature stress responses. The present study aimed to characterize the HSF transcription factor genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), which is an important vegetable crop worldwide and the model plant for fruit development studies. Twenty-six SlyHSF genes were identified in tomato, and the phylogenetic analysis showed the possible evolution profile of subgroups among in the plant kingdom. A new group O was identified that involved HSF genes in primitive plant species, like in the green algae, mosses and lycophytes. The gene structure and motifs of each SlyHSF were comprehensively analyzed. We identified orthologous, co-orthologous and paralogous HSF gene pairs in tomato, Arabidopsis and rice, and constructed a complex interaction network among these genes. The SlyHSF genes were expressed differentially in different species and at a higher level in mature fruits. The qPCR analysis was performed and showed SlyHSF genes greatly participate in plant heat tolerant pathways. Our comprehensive genome-wide analysis provided insights into the HSF gene family of tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Yang
- The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Weimin Zhu
- The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Na Liu
- The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Shoubo Tian
- The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai , China
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63
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Baduel P, Arnold B, Weisman CM, Hunter B, Bomblies K. Habitat-Associated Life History and Stress-Tolerance Variation in Arabidopsis arenosa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:437-51. [PMID: 26941193 PMCID: PMC4854687 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Weediness in ephemeral plants is commonly characterized by rapid cycling, prolific all-in flowering, and loss of perenniality. Many species made transitions to weediness of this sort, which can be advantageous in high-disturbance or human-associated habitats. The molecular basis of this shift, however, remains mostly mysterious. Here, we use transcriptome sequencing, genome resequencing scans for selection, and stress tolerance assays to study a weedy population of the otherwise nonweedy Arabidopsis arenosa, an obligately outbreeding relative of Arabidopsis thaliana Although weedy A. arenosa is widespread, a single genetic lineage colonized railways throughout central and northern Europe. We show that railway plants, in contrast to plants from sheltered outcrops in hill/mountain regions, are rapid cycling, have lost the vernalization requirement, show prolific flowering, and do not return to vegetative growth. Comparing transcriptomes of railway and mountain plants across time courses with and without vernalization, we found that railway plants have sharply abrogated vernalization responsiveness and high constitutive expression of heat- and cold-responsive genes. Railway plants also have strong constitutive heat shock and freezing tolerance compared with mountain plants, where tolerance must be induced. We found 20 genes with good evidence of selection in the railway population. One of these, LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL, is known in A. thaliana to regulate many stress-response genes that we found to be differentially regulated among the distinct habitats. Our data suggest that, beyond life history regulation, other traits like basal stress tolerance also are associated with the evolution of weediness in A. arenosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baduel
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA (P.B., B.A., B.H., K.B.);École des Mines de Paris, 75006 Paris, France (P.B.); andHarvard Biophysics Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138 (C.M.W.)
| | - Brian Arnold
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA (P.B., B.A., B.H., K.B.);École des Mines de Paris, 75006 Paris, France (P.B.); andHarvard Biophysics Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138 (C.M.W.)
| | - Cara M Weisman
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA (P.B., B.A., B.H., K.B.);École des Mines de Paris, 75006 Paris, France (P.B.); andHarvard Biophysics Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138 (C.M.W.)
| | - Ben Hunter
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA (P.B., B.A., B.H., K.B.);École des Mines de Paris, 75006 Paris, France (P.B.); andHarvard Biophysics Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138 (C.M.W.)
| | - Kirsten Bomblies
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA (P.B., B.A., B.H., K.B.);École des Mines de Paris, 75006 Paris, France (P.B.); andHarvard Biophysics Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138 (C.M.W.)
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64
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Tang R, Zhu W, Song X, Lin X, Cai J, Wang M, Yang Q. Genome-Wide Identification and Function Analyses of Heat Shock Transcription Factors in Potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:490. [PMID: 27148315 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00490/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play vital roles in the regulation of tolerance to various stresses in living organisms. To dissect the mechanisms of the Hsfs in potato adaptation to abiotic stresses, genome and transcriptome analyses of Hsf gene family were investigated in Solanum tuberosum L. Twenty-seven StHsf members were identified by bioinformatics and phylogenetic analyses and were classified into A, B, and C groups according to their structural and phylogenetic features. StHsfs in the same class shared similar gene structures and conserved motifs. The chromosomal location analysis showed that 27 Hsfs were located in 10 of 12 chromosomes (except chromosome 1 and chromosome 5) and that 18 of these genes formed 9 paralogous pairs. Expression profiles of StHsfs in 12 different organs and tissues uncovered distinct spatial expression patterns of these genes and their potential roles in the process of growth and development. Promoter and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detections of StHsfs were conducted and demonstrated that these genes were all responsive to various stresses. StHsf004, StHsf007, StHsf009, StHsf014, and StHsf019 were constitutively expressed under non-stress conditions, and some specific Hsfs became the predominant Hsfs in response to different abiotic stresses, indicating their important and diverse regulatory roles in adverse conditions. A co-expression network between StHsfs and StHsf -co-expressed genes was generated based on the publicly-available potato transcriptomic databases and identified key candidate StHsfs for further functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Tang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjiao Zhu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Xingzhong Lin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghui Cai
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Man Wang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
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65
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Xu D, Sun L, Liu S, Zhang L, Yang H. Molecular cloning of hsf1 and hsbp1 cDNAs, and the expression of hsf1, hsbp1 and hsp70 under heat stress in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 198:1-9. [PMID: 26952354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is known for the elevated synthesis of heat shock proteins (HSPs) under heat stress, which is mediated primarily by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Heat shock factor binding protein 1 (HSBP1) and feedback control of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) are major regulators of the activity of HSF1. We obtained full-length cDNA of genes hsf1 and hsbp1 in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, which are the second available for echinoderm (after Strongylocentrotus purpuratus), and the first available for holothurian. The full-length cDNA of hsf1 was 2208bp, containing a 1326bp open reading frame encoding 441 amino acids. The full-length cDNA of hsbp1 was 2850bp, containing a 225bp open reading frame encoding 74 amino acids. The similarities of A. japonicus HSF1 with other species are low, and much higher similarity identities of A. japonicus HSBP1 were shared. Phylogenetic trees showed that A. japonicus HSF1 and HSBP1 were clustered with sequences from S. purpuratus, and fell into distinct clades with sequences from mollusca, arthropoda and vertebrata. Analysis by real-time PCR showed hsf1 and hsbp1 mRNA was expressed constitutively in all tissues examined. The expression of hsf1, hsbp1 and hsp70 in the intestine at 26°C was time-dependent. The results of this study might provide new insights into the regulation of heat shock response in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lina Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Shilin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
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66
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Ning DL, Liu KH, Liu CC, Liu JW, Qian CR, Yu Y, Wang YF, Wang YC, Wang BC. Large-scale comparative phosphoprotein analysis of maize seedling leaves during greening. PLANTA 2016; 243:501-517. [PMID: 26497871 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION : Large-scale comparative phosphoprotein analysis in maize seedlings reveals a complicated molecular regulation mechanism at the phosphoproteomic level during de-etiolation. In the present study we report a phosphoproteomic study conducted on Zea mays etiolated leaves harvested at three time points during greening (etiolated seedlings and seedlings exposed to light for 6 or 12 h). We identified a total of 2483 phosphopeptides containing 2389 unambiguous phosphosites from 1339 proteins. The abundance of nearly 692 phosphorylated peptides containing 783 phosphosites was reproducible and profiled with high confidence among treatments. Comparisons with other large-scale phosphoproteomic studies revealed that 473 of the phosphosites are novel to this study. Of the 783 phosphosites identified, 171, 79, and 138 were identified in 0, 6, and 12 h samples, respectively, which suggest that regulation of phosphorylation plays important roles during maize seedling de-etiolation. Our experimental methods included enrichment of phosphoproteins, allowing the identification of a great number of low abundance proteins, such as transcription factors, protein kinases, and photoreceptors. Most of the identified phosphoproteins were involved in gene transcription, post-transcriptional regulation, or signal transduction, and only a few were involved in photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. It is noteworthy that tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium signaling pathways might play important roles during maize seedling de-etiolation. Taken together, we have elucidated a new level of complexity in light-induced reversible protein phosphorylation during maize seedling de-etiolation.
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67
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Nishihama R, Ishida S, Urawa H, Kamei Y, Kohchi T. Conditional Gene Expression/Deletion Systems for Marchantia polymorpha Using its Own Heat-Shock Promoter and Cre/loxP-Mediated Site-Specific Recombination. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:271-280. [PMID: 26148498 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The liverwort Marchantia polymorpha is an emerging model plant suitable for addressing, using genetic approaches, various evolutionary questions in the land plant lineage. Haploid dominancy in its life cycle facilitates genetic analyses, but conversely limits the ability to isolate mutants of essential genes. To overcome this issue and to be employed in cell lineage, mosaic and cell autonomy analyses, we developed a system that allows conditional gene expression and deletion using a promoter of a heat-shock protein (HSP) gene and the Cre/loxP site-specific recombination system. Because the widely used promoter of the Arabidopsis HSP18.2 gene did not operate in M. polymorpha, we identified a promoter of an endogenous HSP gene, MpHSP17.8A1, which exhibited a highly inducible transient expression level upon heat shock with a low basal activity level. Reporter genes fused to this promoter were induced globally in thalli under whole-plant heat treatment and also locally using a laser-assisted targeted heating technique. By expressing Cre fused to the glucocorticoid receptor under the control of the MpHSP17.8A1 promoter, a low background, sufficiently inducible control for loxP-mediated recombination could be achieved in M. polymorpha. Based on these findings, we developed a Gateway technology-based binary vector for the conditional induction of gene deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Nishihama
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Sakiko Ishida
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hiroko Urawa
- Faculty of Education, Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University, Gifu, 501-6194 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- Spectrography and Bioimaging Facility, NIBB Core Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585 Japan Department of Basic Biology in the School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (the Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Takayuki Kohchi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
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68
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Naveed M, Ahsan M, Akram HM, Aslam M, Ahmed N. Genetic Effects Conferring Heat Tolerance in a Cross of Tolerant × Susceptible Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:729. [PMID: 27313583 PMCID: PMC4889604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Incessant rise in ambient temperature is threatening sustainability of maize productions, worldwide. Breeding heat resilient synthetics/hybrids is the most economical tool while lack of knowledge of gene action controlling heat and yield relevant traits in maize is hampering progress in this regard. The current study, therefore, was conducted using analyses of generation mean and variance, and narrow sense heritability ([Formula: see text]) and genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM%). Initially, one hundred inbred lines were evaluated for cell membrane thermo-stability and grain yield per plant on mean day/night temperatures of 36.6°C/22.1°C in non-stressed (NS) and 42.7°C/25.7°C in heat-stressed (HS) conditions. From these, one tolerant (ZL-11271) and one susceptible (R-2304-2) genotypes were crossed to develop six basic generations, being evaluated on mean day/night temperatures of 36.1°C/22.8°C (NS) and 42.3°C/25.9°C (HS) in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Non-allelic additive-dominance genetic effects were recorded for most traits in both conditions except transpiration rate, being controlled by additive epistatic effects in NS regime. Dissection of genetic variance into additive (D), dominance (H), environment (E) and interaction (F) components revealed significance of only DE variances in HS condition than DE, DFE and DHE variances in NS regime which hinted at the potential role of environments in breeding maize for high temperature tolerance. Additive variance was high for majority of traits in both environments except ear length in NS condition where dominance was at large. Higher magnitudes of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and GAM% for cell membrane thermo-stability, transpiration rate, leaf firing, ear length, kernels per ear and grain yield per plant in both regimes implied that simple selections might be sufficient for further improvement of these traits. Low-to-moderate GAM% for leaf temperature and 100-grain weight in both conditions revealed greater influence of genotype-environment interactions, indicating ineffective direct selection and advocating for further progeny testing. In conclusion, pyramiding of heritable genes imparting heat tolerance in maize is achievable through any conventional breeding strategy and generating plant material with lowest cellular injury and leaf firing, and higher transpiration rate, ear length, kernels per ear and grain yield per plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
- Pulses Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Naveed
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz M. Akram
- Plant Physiology Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
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69
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Crombie TA, Tang L, Choe KP, Julian D. Inhibition of the oxidative stress response by heat stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:2201-11. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.135327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that simultaneous exposure to heat stress and oxidative stress shows a synergistic interaction that reduces organismal fitness, but relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying this interaction. We investigated the role of molecular stress responses in driving this synergistic interaction using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. To induce oxidative stress, we used the pro-oxidant compounds acrylamide, paraquat, and juglone. As expected, we found that heat stress and oxidative stress interact synergistically to reduce survival. Compared to exposure to each stressor alone, during simultaneous, sub-lethal exposure to heat stress and oxidative stress the normal induction of key oxidative stress response (OxSR) genes was generally inhibited while the induction of key heat shock response (HSR) genes was not. Genetically activating the SKN-1 dependent OxSR increased a marker for protein aggregation and decreased whole-worm survival during heat stress alone, with the latter being independent of HSF-1. In contrast, inactivating the HSR by HSF-1 knockdown, which would be expected to decrease basal heat shock protein expression, increased survival during oxidative stress alone compared to wild- type worms. Taken together, these data suggest that in C. elegans the HSR and OxSR cannot be simultaneously activated to the same extent that each can be activated during a single stressor exposure. We conclude that the observed synergistic reduction in survival during combined exposure to heat stress and oxidative stress is due, at least in part, to inhibition of the OxSR during activation of the HSR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lanlan Tang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keith P. Choe
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David Julian
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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70
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Rana RM, Khan MA, Shah MK, Ali Z, Zhang H. Insights into the Mechanism of Heat Shock Mitigation Through Protein Repair, Recycling and Degradation. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS AND PLANTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46340-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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71
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Tang R, Zhu W, Song X, Lin X, Cai J, Wang M, Yang Q. Genome-Wide Identification and Function Analyses of Heat Shock Transcription Factors in Potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:490. [PMID: 27148315 PMCID: PMC4836240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play vital roles in the regulation of tolerance to various stresses in living organisms. To dissect the mechanisms of the Hsfs in potato adaptation to abiotic stresses, genome and transcriptome analyses of Hsf gene family were investigated in Solanum tuberosum L. Twenty-seven StHsf members were identified by bioinformatics and phylogenetic analyses and were classified into A, B, and C groups according to their structural and phylogenetic features. StHsfs in the same class shared similar gene structures and conserved motifs. The chromosomal location analysis showed that 27 Hsfs were located in 10 of 12 chromosomes (except chromosome 1 and chromosome 5) and that 18 of these genes formed 9 paralogous pairs. Expression profiles of StHsfs in 12 different organs and tissues uncovered distinct spatial expression patterns of these genes and their potential roles in the process of growth and development. Promoter and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detections of StHsfs were conducted and demonstrated that these genes were all responsive to various stresses. StHsf004, StHsf007, StHsf009, StHsf014, and StHsf019 were constitutively expressed under non-stress conditions, and some specific Hsfs became the predominant Hsfs in response to different abiotic stresses, indicating their important and diverse regulatory roles in adverse conditions. A co-expression network between StHsfs and StHsf -co-expressed genes was generated based on the publicly-available potato transcriptomic databases and identified key candidate StHsfs for further functional studies.
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72
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Sun RZ, Pan QH, Duan CQ, Wang J. Light response and potential interacting proteins of a grape flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene promoter. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 97:70-81. [PMID: 26433636 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H), a member of cytochrome P450 protein family, introduces B-ring hydroxyl group in the 3' position of the flavonoid. In this study, the cDNA sequence of a F3'H gene (VviF3'H), which contains an open reading frame of 1530 bp encoding a polypeptide of 509 amino acids, was cloned and characterized from Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. VviF3'H showed high homology to known F3'H genes, especially F3'Hs from the V. vinifera reference genome (Pinot Noir) and lotus. Expression profiling analysis using real-time PCR revealed that VviF3'H was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues including berries, leaves, flowers, roots, stems and tendrils, suggesting its important physiological role in plant growth and development. Moreover, the transcript level of VviF3'H gene in grape berries was relatively higher at early developmental stages and gradually decreased during véraison, and then increased in the mature phase. In addition, the promoter of VviF3'H was isolated by using TAIL-PCR. Yeast one-hybrid screening of the Cabernet Sauvignon cDNA library and subsequent in vivo/vitro validations revealed the interaction between VviF3'H promoter and several transcription factors, including members of HD-Zip, NAC, MYB and EIN families. A transcriptional regulation mechanism of VviF3'H expression is proposed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Sun
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Pan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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73
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Li HC, Zhang HN, Li GL, Liu ZH, Zhang YM, Zhang HM, Guo XL. Expression of maize heat shock transcription factor gene ZmHsf06 enhances the thermotolerance and drought-stress tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2015; 42:1080-1091. [PMID: 32480747 DOI: 10.1071/fp15080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Based on the information of 25 heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) homologues in maize according to a genome-wide analysis, ZmHsf06 was cloned from maize leaves and transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana (L. Heynh.) (ecotype, Col-0). Three transgenic positive lines were selected to assess the basic and acquired thermotolerance and drought-stress tolerance under stresses and for some physiological assays. The sequence analysis indicates that ZmHsf06 contained the characteristic domains of class A type plant Hsfs. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of ZmHsf06 were elevated by heat shock and drought stress to different extents in three transgenic lines. Phenotypic observation shows that compared with the Wt (wild-type) controls, the overexpressing ZmHsf06 of Arabidopsis plants have enhanced basal and acquired thermotolerance, stronger drought-stress tolerance and growth advantages under mild heat stress conditions. These results are further confirmed by physiological and biochemical evidence that transgenic Arabidopsis plants exhibit higher seed germination rate, longer axial-root length, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), higher leaf chlorophyll content, but lower relative electrical conductivity (REC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and osmotic potential (OP) than the Wt controls after heat shock and drought treatments. ZmHsf06 may be a central representative of maize Hsfs and could be useful in molecular breeding of maize or other crops for enhanced tolerances, particularly during terminal heat and drought stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Cong Li
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Hua-Ning Zhang
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Li
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Zi-Hui Liu
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Yan-Min Zhang
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Xiu-Lin Guo
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province/Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
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Fahlgren N, Feldman M, Gehan MA, Wilson MS, Shyu C, Bryant DW, Hill ST, McEntee CJ, Warnasooriya SN, Kumar I, Ficor T, Turnipseed S, Gilbert KB, Brutnell TP, Carrington JC, Mockler TC, Baxter I. A Versatile Phenotyping System and Analytics Platform Reveals Diverse Temporal Responses to Water Availability in Setaria. MOLECULAR PLANT 2015; 8:1520-35. [PMID: 26099924 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phenotyping has become the rate-limiting step in using large-scale genomic data to understand and improve agricultural crops. Here, the Bellwether Phenotyping Platform for controlled-environment plant growth and automated multimodal phenotyping is described. The system has capacity for 1140 plants, which pass daily through stations to record fluorescence, near-infrared, and visible images. Plant Computer Vision (PlantCV) was developed as open-source, hardware platform-independent software for quantitative image analysis. In a 4-week experiment, wild Setaria viridis and domesticated Setaria italica had fundamentally different temporal responses to water availability. While both lines produced similar levels of biomass under limited water conditions, Setaria viridis maintained the same water-use efficiency under water replete conditions, while Setaria italica shifted to less efficient growth. Overall, the Bellwether Phenotyping Platform and PlantCV software detected significant effects of genotype and environment on height, biomass, water-use efficiency, color, plant architecture, and tissue water status traits. All ∼ 79,000 images acquired during the course of the experiment are publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Fahlgren
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | | | - Malia A Gehan
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | | | - Christine Shyu
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | | | - Steven T Hill
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | | | | | - Indrajit Kumar
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Tracy Ficor
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Todd C Mockler
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Ivan Baxter
- USDA-ARS, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA.
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75
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de Pinto MC, Locato V, Paradiso A, De Gara L. Role of redox homeostasis in thermo-tolerance under a climate change scenario. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:487-96. [PMID: 26034009 PMCID: PMC4577993 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change predictions indicate a progressive increase in average temperatures and an increase in the frequency of heatwaves, which will have a negative impact on crop productivity. Over the last decade, a number of studies have addressed the question of how model plants or specific crops modify their metabolism when exposed to heat stress. SCOPE This review provides an overview of the redox pathways that contribute to how plants cope with heat stress. The focus is on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), redox metabolites and enzymes in the signalling pathways leading to the activation of defence responses. Additional attention is paid to the regulating mechanisms that lead to an increase in specific ROS-scavenging systems during heat stress, which have been studied in different model systems. Finally, increasing thermo-tolerance in model and crop plants by exposing them to heat acclimation or to exogenous treatments is discussed. CONCLUSIONS Although there is clear evidence that several strategies are specifically activated according to the intensity and the duration of heat stress, as well as the capacity of the different species or genotypes to overcome stress, an alteration in redox homeostasis seems to be a common event. Different mechanisms that act to enhance redox systems enable crops to overcome heat stress more effectively. Knowledge of thermo-tolerance within agronomic biodiversity is thus of key importance to enable researchers to identify new strategies for overcoming the impacts of climate change, and for decision-makers in planning for an uncertain future with new choices and options open to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta de Pinto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy and
| | - Vittoria Locato
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, I-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Annalisa Paradiso
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy and
| | - Laura De Gara
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, I-00128 Roma, Italy
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76
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Ayyanath MM, Scott-Dupree CD, Cutler GC. Effect of low doses of precocene on reproduction and gene expression in green peach aphid. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 128:245-251. [PMID: 25723717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Insect reproduction can be stimulated by exposure to sublethal doses of insecticide that kill the same insects at high doses. This bi-phasic dose response to a stressor is known as hormesis and has been demonstrated with many different insect-insecticide models. The specific mechanisms of the increased reproduction in insects following sublethal pesticide exposure are unknown, but may be related to juvenile hormone (JH), which has a major role in regulation of metamorphosis and reproductive development in insects. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to sublethal concentrations of precocene, an antagonist of JH, would not result in stimulated reproductive outputs in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, as can be demonstrated with many neurotoxic insecticides. We also measured JH titers and the expression of various developmental (FPPS I), stress response (Hsp60), and dispersal (OSD, TOL and ANT) genes in aphids following exposure to the same precocene treatments. We found that when aphid nymphs were treated with certain sublethal concentrations of precocene, 1.5- to 2-fold increased reproductive stimulation occurred when they became adults, but this effect subsided in the following generation. Precocene treatments to nymphs resulted in no measurable effects on JH levels in subsequent reproducing adults. Although we detected major effects on gene expression following some precocene treatments (e.g. 100- to 300-fold increased expression of some genes), there were no clear relationships between gene expression and reproductive responses for a given treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali-Mohan Ayyanath
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; School of Environmental Sciences, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia D Scott-Dupree
- School of Environmental Sciences, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Christopher Cutler
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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77
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Functional Analysis of the Maize C-Repeat/DRE Motif-Binding Transcription Factor CBF3 Promoter in Response to Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12131-46. [PMID: 26030672 PMCID: PMC4490434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ZmCBF3 gene is a member of AP2/ERF transcription factor family, which is a large family of plant-specific transcription factors that share a well-conserved DNA-binding domain. To understand the regulatory mechanism of ZmCBF3 gene expression, we isolated and characterized the ZmCBF3 promoter (PZmCBF3). Three deletion fragments of PZmCBF3 were generated, C1-C3, from the translation start codon at position -1079, -638, and -234, and fused to the GUS reporter gene. Each deletion construct was analyzed by Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation and expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. GUS expression assays indicated that the PZmCBF3 exhibited root-specific expression activity. A 234-bp fragment upstream of the ZmCBF3 gene conferred a high level of GUS activity in Arabidopsis. Some cis-acting elements involved in the down-regulation of gene expression were detected in the promoter, encompassing positions -1079 to -234. PZmCBF3 was activated by cold stress. The MYCCONSENSUSAT elements (CANNTG) were responsible for the ability of PZmCBF3 to respond to cold stress. The results of the present study suggest that PZmCBF3 might play a role in cold tolerance in maize.
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78
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Dynamics of structural and functional Sium latifolium (Apiaceae) adaptation to root flooding. UKRAINIAN BOTANICAL JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj72.02.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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79
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Reddy PS, Sharma KK, Vadez V, Reddy MK. Molecular Cloning and Differential Expression of Cytosolic Class I Small Hsp Gene Family in Pennisetum glaucum (L.). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:598-612. [PMID: 25855236 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock protein (Hsp) family genes have been reported in several plant species that function as molecular chaperones to protect proteins from being denatured in extreme conditions. As a first step towards the isolation and characterization of genes that contribute to combating abiotic stresses particularly heat stress, construction and screening of the subtracted complementary DNA (cDNA) library is reported here. In this study, a subtractive heat stress cDNA library was constructed that was used to isolate members of small Hsps (sHsps) using PgsHsp17.9A gene as a probe. As a result, a total of 150 cDNA clones were isolated from the subtracted cDNA library screening, leading to 121 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs), with an average size of 450 bp, comprising of 15 contigs, and majority of these isolated sHsp genes belong to cytosolic class I (CI) family. In silico sequence analysis of CI-sHsp family genes revealed that the length of sHsp proteins varied from 151 to 159 amino acids and showed large variation in isoelectric point value (5.03 to 10.05) and a narrow range of molecular weight (16.09 to 17.94 kDa). The real-time PCR results demonstrated that CI-sHsp genes are differentially expressed in Pennisetum leaves under different abiotic stress conditions particularly at high temperature. The results presented in this study provide basic information on PgCI-sHsp family genes and form the foundation for future functional studies of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palakolanu Sudhakar Reddy
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502324, Telangana, India,
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80
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Li J, Qin RY, Li H, Xu RF, Qiu CH, Sun YC, Ma H, Yang YC, Ni DH, Li L, Wei PC, Yang JB. Identification and analysis of the mechanism underlying heat-inducible expression of rice aconitase 1. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 233:22-31. [PMID: 25711810 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory metabolism is an important though poorly understood facet of plant adaptation to stress. Posttranslational modification of aconitase, a component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), may be involved in stress tolerance. However, such stress-related transcriptional regulation and its mechanism remain unknown. In this study, we found that expression of the rice Aconitase gene OsACO1 is induced in a time-dependent manner by heat but not other typical abiotic stresses. To analyze the transcriptional regulation mechanism underlying the response to heat, the OsACO1 promoter (POsACO1) was isolated and characterized in transgenic rice. Using qualitative and quantitative analyses, we found that the expression of the GUS reporter gene responded to heat in different tissues and at different stages of development when driven by POsACO1. A series of 5' distal deletions of POsACO1 was generated to delineate the region responsible for heat-induced gene expression. Transient expression analyses in tobacco leaves identified a 322-bp minimal region between -1386 and -1065 as being essential and sufficient for heat-induced expression by POsACO1. We screened for known heat response-related cis-elements in this 322-bp region; however, sequences correlating with heat-induced gene expression were not identified in POsACO1. Therefore, truncations and successive mutagenesis analyses were performed in this 322-bp region. By comparing the activities of promoter fragments and their derivatives, our results indicated that the heat response element resided in a 9-bp region between -1132 and -1124, a sequence that contains a W-box motif. Additional site-directed mutagenesis analyses eliminated the heat response activity of POsACO1 via the W-box element, and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicated the binding of POsACO1 by factors in the nuclear extracts of heat-stressed rice seedlings in a W-box-dependent manner. Our results illustrate the expression pattern of a key component of the TCA response to abiotic stress and establish a putative regulatory pathway in the transcriptional modulation of rice respiratory metabolism genes in response to heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Rui-Ying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Rong-Fang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chun-Hong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yi-Chen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ya-Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Da-Hu Ni
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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81
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Driedonks N, Xu J, Peters JL, Park S, Rieu I. Multi-Level Interactions Between Heat Shock Factors, Heat Shock Proteins, and the Redox System Regulate Acclimation to Heat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:999. [PMID: 26635827 PMCID: PMC4647109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High temperature has become a global concern because it seriously affects the growth and reproduction of plants. Exposure of plant cells to high temperatures result in cellular damage and can even lead to cell death. Part of the damage can be ascribed to the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which accumulate during abiotic stresses such as heat stress. ROS are toxic and can modify other biomacromolecules including membrane lipids, DNA, and proteins. In order to protect the cells, ROS scavenging is essential. In contrast with their inherent harms, ROS also function as signaling molecules, inducing stress tolerance mechanisms. This review examines the evidence for crosstalk between the classical heat stress response, which consists of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs), with the ROS network at multiple levels in the heat response process. Heat stimulates HSF activity directly, but also indirectly via ROS. HSFs in turn stimulate the expression of HSP chaperones and also affect ROS scavenger gene expression. In the short term, HSFs repress expression of superoxide dismutase scavenger genes via induction of miRNA398, while they also activate scavenger gene expression and stabilize scavenger protein activity via HSP induction. We propose that these contrasting effects allow for the boosting of the heat stress response at the very onset of the stress, while preventing subsequent oxidative damage. The described model on HSFs, HSPs, ROS, and ROS scavenger interactions seems applicable to responses to stresses other than heat and may explain the phenomenon of crossacclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Driedonks
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jiemeng Xu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Janny L. Peters
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sunghun Park
- Department of Horticulture, Forestry and Recreation Resources, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Ivo Rieu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Ivo Rieu,
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82
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Zhang J, Li Y, Jia HX, Li JB, Huang J, Lu MZ, Hu JJ. The heat shock factor gene family in Salix suchowensis: a genome-wide survey and expression profiling during development and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:748. [PMID: 26442061 PMCID: PMC4584977 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs), which act as important transcriptional regulatory proteins, play crucial roles in plant developmental processes, and stress responses. Recently, the genome of the shrub willow Salix suchowensis was fully sequenced. In this study, a total of 27 non-redundant Hsf genes were identified from the S. suchowensis genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the members of the SsuHsf family can be divided into three groups (class A, B, and C) based on their structural characteristics. Promoter analysis indicated that the SsuHsfs promoters included various cis-acting elements related to hormone and/or stress responses. Furthermore, the expression profiles of 27 SsuHsfs were analyzed in different tissues and under various stresses (heat, drought, salt, and ABA treatment) using RT-PCR. The results demonstrated that the SsuHsfs were involved in abiotic stress responses. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of the SsuHsf gene family, and will facilitate functional characterization in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Hui-Xia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jian-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Jun Hu, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
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83
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Development of a heat-shock inducible gene expression system in the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111261. [PMID: 25337786 PMCID: PMC4206486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell of the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae contains a single chloroplast and mitochondrion, the division of which is tightly synchronized by a light/dark cycle. The genome content is extremely simple, with a low level of genetic redundancy, in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In addition, transient transformation and stable transformation by homologous recombination have been reported. However, for molecular genetic analyses of phenomena that are essential for cellular growth and survival, inducible gene expression/suppression systems are needed. Here, we report the development of a heat-shock inducible gene expression system in C. merolae. CMJ101C, encoding a small heat shock protein, is transcribed only when cells are exposed to an elevated temperature. Using a superfolder GFP as a reporter protein, the 200-bp upstream region of CMJ101C orf was determined to be the optimal promoter for heat-shock induction. The optimal temperature to induce expression is 50°C, at which C. merolae cells are able to proliferate. At least a 30-min heat shock is required for the expression of a protein of interest and a 60-min heat shock yields the maximum level of protein expression. After the heat shock, the mRNA level decreases rapidly. As an example of the system, the expression of a dominant negative form of chloroplast division DRP5B protein, which has a mutation in the GTPase domain, was induced. Expression of the dominant negative DRP5B resulted in the appearance of aberrant-shaped cells in which two daughter chloroplasts and the cells are still connected by a small DRP5B positive tube-like structure. This result suggests that the dominant negative DRP5B inhibited the final scission of the chloroplast division site, but not the earlier stages of division site constriction. It is also suggested that cell cycle progression is not arrested by the impairment of chloroplast division at the final stage.
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84
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Kozeko LY. Changes in heat-shock protein synthesis and thermotolerance of Arabodopsis thaliana seedlings resulting from Hsp90 inhibition by geldanamycin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x14050046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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85
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Wunderlich M, Groß-Hardt R, Schöffl F. Heat shock factor HSFB2a involved in gametophyte development of Arabidopsis thaliana and its expression is controlled by a heat-inducible long non-coding antisense RNA. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 85:541-50. [PMID: 24874772 PMCID: PMC4099531 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) are central regulators of the heat stress response. Plant HSFs of subgroup B lack a conserved sequence motif present in the transcriptional activation domain of class A-HSFs. Arabidopsis members were found to be involved in non-heat shock functions. In the present analysis we investigated the expression, regulation and function of HSFB2a. HSFB2a expression was counteracted by a natural long non-coding antisense RNA, asHSFB2a. In leaves, the antisense RNA gene is only expressed after heat stress and dependent on the activity of HSFA1a/HSFA1b. HSFB2a and asHSFB2a RNAs were also present in the absence of heat stress in the female gametophyte. Transgenic overexpression of HSFB2a resulted in a complete knock down of the asHSFB2a expression. Conversely, asHSFB2a overexpression leads to the absence of HSFB2a RNA. The knockdown of HSFB2a by asHSFB2a correlated with an improved, knockdown of asHSFB2a by HSFB2a overexpression with an impaired biomass production early in vegetative development. In both cases the development of female gametophytes was impaired. A T-DNA knock-out line did not segregate homozygous mutant plants, only heterozygots hsfB2a-tt1/+ were viable. Approximately 50% of the female gametophytes were arrested in early development, before mitosis 3, resulting in 45% of sterile ovules. Our analysis indicates that the "Yin-Yang" regulation of gene expression at the HSFB2a locus influences vegetative and gametophytic development in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wunderlich
- ZMBP General Genetics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rita Groß-Hardt
- ZMBP Developmental Genetics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Schöffl
- ZMBP General Genetics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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86
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Lin Y, Cheng Y, Jin J, Jin X, Jiang H, Yan H, Cheng B. Genome duplication and gene loss affect the evolution of heat shock transcription factor genes in legumes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102825. [PMID: 25047803 PMCID: PMC4105503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome duplication events (polyploidy events) and gene loss events have played important roles in the evolution of legumes. Here we show that the vast majority of Hsf gene duplications resulted from whole genome duplication events rather than tandem duplication, and significant differences in gene retention exist between species. By searching for intraspecies gene colinearity (microsynteny) and dating the age distributions of duplicated genes, we found that genome duplications accounted for 42 of 46 Hsf-containing segments in Glycine max, while paired segments were rarely identified in Lotus japonicas, Medicago truncatula and Cajanus cajan. However, by comparing interspecies microsynteny, we determined that the great majority of Hsf-containing segments in Lotus japonicas, Medicago truncatula and Cajanus cajan show extensive conservation with the duplicated regions of Glycine max. These segments formed 17 groups of orthologous segments. These results suggest that these regions shared ancient genome duplication with Hsf genes in Glycine max, but more than half of the copies of these genes were lost. On the other hand, the Glycine max Hsf gene family retained approximately 75% and 84% of duplicated genes produced from the ancient genome duplication and recent Glycine-specific genome duplication, respectively. Continuous purifying selection has played a key role in the maintenance of Hsf genes in Glycine max. Expression analysis of the Hsf genes in Lotus japonicus revealed their putative involvement in multiple tissue-/developmental stages and responses to various abiotic stimuli. This study traces the evolution of Hsf genes in legume species and demonstrates that the rates of gene gain and loss are far from equilibrium in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Lin
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolei Jin
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanwei Yan
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- Key Lab of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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87
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Chan SF, He JG, Chu KH, Sun CB. The Shrimp Heat Shock Cognate 70 Functions as a Negative Regulator in Vitellogenin Gene Expression1. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:14. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.117200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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88
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Gurjar K, Rampuria S, Joshi U, Palit P, Bhatt KV, Mohapatra T, Sharma R. Identification of heat-related ESTs in moth bean through suppression subtraction hybridization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 173:2116-28. [PMID: 24938820 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal), an important grain-legume crop grown in hot desert regions of Thar, under scorching sun rays, was investigated for heat tolerance at molecular level. In the present study, we constructed a forward suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of heat tolerant genotype RMO-40 to identify genes expressing under delayed response to elevated temperature. Heat induction was carried out by exposing 14-day-old seedlings to elevated temperature of 42 °C for 30 min. A total of 125 unigenes (33 contigs and 92 singletons) were derived by cluster assembly and sequence alignment of 200 ESTs; out of 125 unigenes, 21 (16 %) were found to be novel to moth bean. Gene ontology functional classification terms were retrieved for 98 (78.4 %) unigenes of which 73 (58.4 %) ESTs were functionally annotated (GO consensus) where 19 unigenes were annotated with 11 enzyme commission (EC) codes and were mapped to 25 different KEGG pathways. We have identified a majority of heat-shock proteins (constituting 35 % of the present library) aiding heat stress tolerance to moth bean. An expression level of 22 ESTs generated from the above SSH cDNA library was studied through semiquantitative RT-PCR assay simultaneously under 5 and 30 min of heat stress at 42 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karun Gurjar
- Plant Biotechnology Centre, Swami Keshwan and Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 334006, India,
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89
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Sarinont T, Amano T, Kitazaki S, Koga K, Uchida G, Shiratani M, Hayashi N. Growth enhancement effects of radish sprouts: atmospheric pressure plasma irradiation vs. heat shock. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/518/1/012017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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90
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Zhao Y, Xie S, Li X, Wang C, Chen Z, Lai J, Gong Z. REPRESSOR OF SILENCING5 Encodes a Member of the Small Heat Shock Protein Family and Is Required for DNA Demethylation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:2660-2675. [PMID: 24920332 PMCID: PMC4114958 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.126730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, active DNA demethylation is initiated by the DNA glycosylase REPRESSOR OF SILENCING1 (ROS1) and its paralogs DEMETER, DEMETER-LIKE2 (DML2), and DML3. How these demethylation enzymes are regulated, however, is poorly understood. Here, using a transgenic Arabidopsis line harboring the stress-inducible RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION29A (RD29A) promoter-LUCIFERASE (LUC) reporter gene and the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (35S)-NEOMYCIN PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE II (NPTII) antibiotic resistance marker gene, we characterize a ROS locus, ROS5, that encodes a protein in the small heat shock protein family. ROS5 mutations lead to the silencing of the 35S-NPTII transgene due to DNA hypermethylation but do not affect the expression of the RD29A-LUC transgene. ROS5 physically interacts with the histone acetyltransferase ROS4/INCREASED DNA METHYLATION1 (IDM1) and is required to prevent the DNA hypermethylation of some genes that are also regulated by ROS1 and IDM1. We propose that ROS5 regulates DNA demethylation by interacting with IDM1, thereby creating a chromatin environment that facilitates the binding of ROS1 to erase DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China National Maize Improvement Center, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100193, China
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91
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Analysis of the Regulation of Target Genes by anArabidopsisHeat Shock Transcription Factor, HsfA2. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:890-5. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.80809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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92
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Li S, Liu J, Liu Z, Li X, Wu F, He Y. HEAT-INDUCED TAS1 TARGET1 Mediates Thermotolerance via HEAT STRESS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A1a-Directed Pathways in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:1764-1780. [PMID: 24728648 PMCID: PMC4036584 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.124883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Many heat stress transcription factors (Hsfs) and heat shock proteins (Hsps) have been identified to play important roles in the heat tolerance of plants. However, many of the key factors mediating the heat response pathways remain unknown. Here, we report that two genes, which are targets of TAS1 (trans-acting siRNA precursor 1)-derived small interfering RNAs that we named HEAT-INDUCED TAS1 TARGET1 (HTT1) and HTT2, are involved in thermotolerance. Microarray analysis revealed that the HTT1 and HTT2 genes were highly upregulated in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in response to heat shock. Overexpression of TAS1a, whose trans-acting small interfering RNAs target the HTT genes, elevated accumulation of TAS1-siRNAs and reduced expression levels of the HTT genes, causing weaker thermotolerance. By contrast, overexpression of HTT1 and HTT2 upregulated several Hsf genes, leading to stronger thermotolerance. In heat-tolerant plants overexpressing HsfA1a, the HTT genes were upregulated, especially at high temperatures. Meanwhile, HsfA1a directly activated HTT1 and HTT2 through binding to their promoters. HTT1 interacted with the heat shock proteins Hsp70-14 and Hsp40 and NUCLEAR FACTOR Y, SUBUNIT C2. Taken together, these results suggest that HTT1 mediates thermotolerance pathways because it is targeted by TAS1a, mainly activated by HsfA1a, and acts as cofactor of Hsp70-14 complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feijie Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuke He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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93
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Christou A, Filippou P, Manganaris GA, Fotopoulos V. Sodium hydrosulfide induces systemic thermotolerance to strawberry plants through transcriptional regulation of heat shock proteins and aquaporin. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:42. [PMID: 24499299 PMCID: PMC3933230 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temperature extremes represent an important limiting factor to plant growth and productivity. The present study evaluated the effect of hydroponic pretreatment of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv. 'Camarosa') roots with an H2S donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS; 100 μM for 48 h), on the response of plants to acute heat shock treatment (42°C, 8 h). RESULTS Heat stress-induced phenotypic damage was ameliorated in NaHS-pretreated plants, which managed to preserve higher maximum photochemical PSII quantum yields than stressed plants. Apparent mitigating effects of H2S pretreatment were registered regarding oxidative and nitrosative secondary stress, since malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) were quantified in lower amounts than in heat-stressed plants. In addition, NaHS pretreatment preserved ascorbate/glutathione homeostasis, as evidenced by lower ASC and GSH pool redox disturbances and enhanced transcription of ASC (GDH) and GSH biosynthetic enzymes (GS, GCS), 8 h after heat stress imposition. Furthermore, NaHS root pretreatment resulted in induction of gene expression levels of an array of protective molecules, such as enzymatic antioxidants (cAPX, CAT, MnSOD, GR), heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP80, HSP90) and aquaporins (PIP). CONCLUSION Overall, we propose that H2S root pretreatment activates a coordinated network of heat shock defense-related pathways at a transcriptional level and systemically protects strawberry plants from heat shock-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasis Christou
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus
- Present address: Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Panagiota Filippou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - George A Manganaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus
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94
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Wang W, Wu Y, Messing J. RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of Spirodela dormancy without reproduction. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:60. [PMID: 24456086 PMCID: PMC3933069 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Higher plants exhibit a remarkable phenotypic plasticity to adapt to adverse environmental changes. The Greater Duckweed Spirodela, as an aquatic plant, presents exceptional tolerance to cold winters through its dormant structure of turions in place of seeds. Abundant starch in turions permits them to sink and escape the freezing surface of waters. Due to their clonal propagation, they are the fastest growing biomass on earth, providing yet an untapped source for industrial applications. Results We used next generation sequencing technology to examine the transcriptome of turion development triggered by exogenous ABA. A total of 208 genes showed more than a 4-fold increase compared with 154 down-regulated genes in developing turions. The analysis of up-regulated differential expressed genes in response to dormancy exposed an enriched interplay among various pathways: signal transduction, seed dehydration, carbohydrate and secondary metabolism, and senescence. On the other side, the genes responsible for rapid growth and biomass accumulation through DNA assembly, protein synthesis and carbon fixation are repressed. Noticeably, three members of late embryogenesis abundant protein family are exclusively expressed during turion formation. High expression level of key genes in starch synthesis are APS1, APL3 and GBSSI, which could artificially be reduced for re-directing carbon flow from photosynthesis to create a higher energy biomass. Conclusions The identification and functional annotation of differentially expressed genes open a major step towards understanding the molecular network underlying vegetative frond dormancy. Moreover, genes have been identified that could be engineered in duckweeds for practical applications easing agricultural production of food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joachim Messing
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 190 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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95
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Liu ZB, Wang JM, Yang FX, Yang L, Yue YF, Xiang JB, Gao M, Xiong FJ, Lv D, Wu XJ, Liu N, Zhang X, Li XF, Yang Y. A novel membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligase enhances the thermal resistance in plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:93-104. [PMID: 24102799 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
High temperature stress disturbs cellular homoeostasis and results in a severe retardation in crop growth and development. Thus, it is important to reveal the mechanism of plants coping with heat stress. In this study, a novel gene that we identified from Brassica napus, referred to as BnTR1, was found to play a key role in heat stress response in planta. BnTR1 is a membrane-bound RINGv (C₄HC₃) protein that displays E3 ligase activity in vitro. We demonstrated that modest expression of BnTR1 is sufficient to minimize adverse environmental influence and confers thermal resistance on development without any detrimental effects in B. napus and Oryza sativa. Our investigation into the action mechanism indicates that BnTR1 is likely to be involved in mediating Ca²⁺ dynamics by regulating the activity of calcium channels, which further alters the transcripts of heat shock factors and heat shock proteins contributing to plant thermotolerance. Hence, our study identified BnTR1 as a novel key factor underlying a conserved mechanism conferring thermal resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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96
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A seed preferential heat shock transcription factor from wheat provides abiotic stress tolerance and yield enhancement in transgenic Arabidopsis under heat stress environment. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79577. [PMID: 24265778 PMCID: PMC3827158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduction in crop yield and quality due to various abiotic stresses is a worldwide phenomenon. In the present investigation, a heat shock factor (HSF) gene expressing preferentially in developing seed tissues of wheat grown under high temperatures was cloned. This newly identified heat shock factor possesses the characteristic domains of class A type plant HSFs and shows high similarity to rice OsHsfA2d, hence named as TaHsfA2d. The transcription factor activity of TaHsfA2d was confirmed through transactivation assay in yeast. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing TaHsfA2d not only possess higher tolerance towards high temperature but also showed considerable tolerance to salinity and drought stresses, they also showed higher yield and biomass accumulation under constant heat stress conditions. Analysis of putative target genes of AtHSFA2 through quantitative RT-PCR showed higher and constitutive expression of several abiotic stress responsive genes in transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing TaHsfA2d. Under stress conditions, TaHsfA2d can also functionally complement the T-DNA insertion mutants of AtHsfA2, although partially. These observations suggest that TaHsfA2d may be useful in molecular breeding of crop plants, especially wheat, to improve yield under abiotic stress conditions.
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97
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Ruibal C, Castro A, Carballo V, Szabados L, Vidal S. Recovery from heat, salt and osmotic stress in Physcomitrella patens requires a functional small heat shock protein PpHsp16.4. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 13:174. [PMID: 24188413 PMCID: PMC4228350 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-13-174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant small heat shock proteins (sHsps) accumulate in response to various environmental stresses, including heat, drought, salt and oxidative stress. Numerous studies suggest a role for these proteins in stress tolerance by preventing stress-induced protein aggregation as well as by facilitating protein refolding by other chaperones. However, in vivo evidence for the involvement of sHsps in tolerance to different stress factors is still missing, mainly due to the lack of appropriate mutants in specific sHsp genes. RESULTS In this study we characterized the function of a sHsp in abiotic stress tolerance in the moss Physcomitrella patens, a model for primitive land plants. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we isolated an abscisic acid-upregulated gene from P. patens encoding a 16.4 kDa cytosolic class II sHsp. PpHsp16.4 was also induced by salicylic acid, dithiothreitol (DTT) and by exposure to various stimuli, including osmotic and salt stress, but not by oxidative stress-inducing compounds. Expression of the gene was maintained upon stress relief, suggesting a role for this protein in the recovery stage. PpHsp16.4 is encoded by two identical genes arranged in tandem in the genome. Targeted disruption of both genes resulted in the inability of plants to recover from heat, salt and osmotic stress. In vivo localization studies revealed that PpHsp16.4 localized in cytosolic granules in the vicinity of chloroplasts under non stress conditions, suggesting possible distinct roles for this protein under stress and optimal growth. CONCLUSIONS We identified a member of the class II sHsp family that showed hormonal and abiotic stress gene regulation. Induction of the gene by DTT treatment suggests that damaged proteins may act as signals for the stress-induction of PpHsp16.4. The product of this gene was shown to localize in cytosolic granules near the chloroplasts, suggesting a role for the protein in association with these organelles. Our study provides the first direct genetic evidence for a role of a sHsp in osmotic and salt stress tolerance, and supports a function for this protein particularly during the stress recovery stage of P. patens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ruibal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alexandra Castro
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valentina Carballo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Current address: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - László Szabados
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Temésvari krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sabina Vidal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Shah K, Singh M, Rai AC. Effect of heat-shock induced oxidative stress is suppressed in BcZAT12 expressing drought tolerant tomato. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 95:109-117. [PMID: 23962802 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor ZAT12 is a member of stress-responsive C2H2 type zinc finger protein (ZFP) reported to control the expression of stress-activated genes mediated via ROS in plants. BcZAT12-transformed tomato cv. H-86, var. Kashi vishesh (lines ZT1-ZT6) over-expressing the gene product is demonstrated herein to be tolerant to heat-shock (HS)-induced oxidative stress. Results reveal that the relative expression of ZAT12 as well as heat induced Hsp17.4 and Hsp21 gene transcripts increased in transgenic upon exposure to HS. The transformed tomato lines ZT1 and ZT5 had significantly lowered free radical formation, improved electrolyte leakage, relative water content and chlorophyll levels with an enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase when exposed to HS. HS-induced oxidative stress by over-expression of the BcZAT12 gene transcripts in tomato as well as by largely enhancing the ROS-scavenging capacity and up regulation of Hsp transcripts. This enables the transgenic tomato plants to acquire a greater ability to counteract HS-induced oxidative stress, being endowed with more reduced antioxidant pools. The use of these HS-tolerant tomato lines could possibly be used for tomato cultivation in the areas affected by sudden temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Shah
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, U.P., India.
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99
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Schmollinger S, Schulz-Raffelt M, Strenkert D, Veyel D, Vallon O, Schroda M. Dissecting the heat stress response in Chlamydomonas by pharmaceutical and RNAi approaches reveals conserved and novel aspects. MOLECULAR PLANT 2013; 6:1795-1813. [PMID: 23713078 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sst086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To study how conserved fundamental concepts of the heat stress response (HSR) are in photosynthetic eukaryotes, we applied pharmaceutical and antisense/amiRNA approaches to the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The Chlamydomonas HSR appears to be triggered by the accumulation of unfolded proteins, as it was induced at ambient temperatures by feeding cells with the arginine analog canavanine. The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine strongly retarded the HSR, demonstrating the importance of phosphorylation during activation of the HSR also in Chlamydomonas. While the removal of extracellular calcium by the application of EGTA and BAPTA inhibited the HSR in moss and higher plants, only the addition of BAPTA, but not of EGTA, retarded the HSR and impaired thermotolerance in Chlamydomonas. The addition of cycloheximide, an inhibitor of cytosolic protein synthesis, abolished the attenuation of the HSR, indicating that protein synthesis is necessary to restore proteostasis. HSP90 inhibitors induced a stress response when added at ambient conditions and retarded attenuation of the HSR at elevated temperatures. In addition, we detected a direct physical interaction between cytosolic HSP90A/HSP70A and heat shock factor 1, but surprisingly this interaction persisted after the onset of stress. Finally, the expression of antisense constructs targeting chloroplast HSP70B resulted in a delay of the cell's entire HSR, thus suggesting the existence of a retrograde stress signaling cascade that is desensitized in HSP70B-antisense strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmollinger
- Molekulare Biotechnologie und Systembiologie, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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100
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Aghdam MS, Bodbodak S. Postharvest Heat Treatment for Mitigation of Chilling Injury in Fruits and Vegetables. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-013-1207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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