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Retrospective Study of the Association between Peri-Implantitis and Keratinized Mucosa. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
1. Background: Peri-implantitis affects a high percentage of patients treated with dental implants. Among the risk factors that can cause this pathology, limited evidence exists regarding the absence of keratinized mucosa. The main objective of this study was to compare the amount of keratinized mucosa around healthy implants versus implants in patients with peri-implantitis, in order to analyze its influence on esthetics and the development of this pathology, and to study the possible influence of keratinized mucosa on various clinical parameters. 2. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was carried out in which 203 implants were evaluated, 103 of which presented a healthy peri-implant state, versus 100 which had peri-implantitis. The following elements were recorded: keratinized mucosa, recession, plaque index, bleeding, suppuration, probing depth, and bone level. 3. Results: Keratinized mucosa was present in 51% of the peri-implantitis group versus 97.1% of the healthy implants. In implants without keratinized mucosa, both recession and plaque index, bleeding on probing (96.2%), suppuration (57.7%), mean probing depth and bone level were higher. Implants without keratinized mucosa presented worse esthetics. 4. Conclusions: Absence of Keratinized mucosa around dental implants seems to be associated with the appearance of peri-implantitis modifying certain clinical parameters: there is a greater probability of recession, bleeding, suppuration, deficient hygiene, greater probing depth and greater bone loss in implants without keratinized mucosa.
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Association between IL-1A, IL-1B and IL-1RN Polymorphisms and Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies report that individuals with polymorphisms in the genes that encode for interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β (IL-1A and IL1B, respectively) and for IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) may be more susceptible in developing peri-implantitis. Therefore, the current systematic review evaluates what is reported about the role of genetics, more specifically of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on IL-1 and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) on IL-1RN, in the development of peri-implantitis. This systematic review was carried out by screening PubMed, B-on, Cochrane and Scopus databases, for articles English, Spanish, and Portuguese, with no limit regarding the publication year. Eight articles were selected for systematic review and four for meta-analytic syntheses. Our results show that although there is a lack of consensus in the literature, there seems to be an association between IL-1A, IL-1B, and IL-1RN polymorphisms with peri-implantitis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that patients who have the polymorphic allele at position +3954 of the IL-1B gene have on average almost twice the risk of developing peri-implantitis (odds ratio = 1.986, 95% confidence interval).
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Dhondt R, Quirynen M, Tarce M, Teughels W, Temmerman A, Jacobs R. The accuracy of probing, ultrasound and cone-beam CT scans for determining the buccal bone plate dimensions around oral implants - A systematic review. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:754-767. [PMID: 35612409 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to assess the accuracy of available means of determining the BBT (buccal bone thickness) and/or BBL (buccal bone level). This was translated into the following research question: What is the accuracy of the available means of visualizing the BBP (buccal bone plate) to establish the BBT and/or the BBL, when compared to control measurements? As control measurements histomorphometric measurements, direct measurements and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements in the absence of metal are accepted. BACKGROUND DATA METHODS: The literary search was performed by searching the databases of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science, up to July 13, 2021. Types of studies included were clinical, in vitro and animal trials, specifically looking into the bone level and/or bone thickness of the buccal bone plate at oral implants. Reference lists were hand searched for relevant articles. Two reviewers performed the data extraction and analysis. Only studies using reliable control measurements to evaluate the accuracy of the tested means of visualizing BBT and/or BBL were included for analysis. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to perform bias analysis on the relevant studies. Extracted data was tabulated to show the differences between test and control measurements for BBT and BBL. For in vitro studies on CBCT measurements of BBT meta-analysis could be performed. RESULTS A total of 1176 papers were identified in the search. Twenty-two articles were used for data extraction and qualitative analysis. Of these studies nine were animal studies, 9 were in vitro studies and four were human studies. Six animal studies and three human studies provided data on probing. CBCT and sonography as techniques for visualizing the buccal bone plate. Probing at implant sites seems to provide data that correlates with a consistent distance from the BBP. Meta-analysis for probing studies could not be performed due to heterogeneity in the setups of these studies. Eleven studies on CBCT were eligible for inclusion. Of these three were animal studies, the remaining 8 studies were all in vitro studies. Meta-analysis was performed on the accuracy of CBCT for in vitro studies, finding a significant underestimation of the BBT when compared to control measurements by a mean difference of -0.15 mm with 95%CI [-0.26,-0.03]. Three studies were identified on measurement of BBT and/or BBL by sonography. This included one human study and two in vitro studies. The identified studies show a low error when determining the buccal bone level or thickness using sonography. All included studies possess a high risk of bias according to risk of bias analysis, mostly due to selection of the patient. CONCLUSION A strong limitation of this systematic review is the inclusion of different studies with heterogeneous designs. Within the limits of this analysis it cannot be concluded that probing is an accurate way of visualizing the BBP. CBCT cannot yet be recommended as a standard diagnostic tool for follow-up of the BBP at oral implants. The application of sonography as a diagnostic tool to visualize the BBP needs further scientific validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger Dhondt
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Quirynen
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mihai Tarce
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andy Temmerman
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Wang J, Luo Y, Qu Y, Man Y. Horizontal ridge augmentation in the anterior maxilla with in situ onlay bone grafting: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5893-5908. [PMID: 35583662 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to introduce a digitally guided in situ autogenous onlay grafting technique and compare its effectiveness with the conventional (ex situ) onlay technique in augmenting horizontal bone defects of the anterior maxilla. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 24 patients who had received autogenous onlay bone grafts combined with guided bone regeneration (GBR) in the anterior maxilla. Fourteen patients were recruited into the in situ onlay grafting group (EG), and 10 were recruited into the ex situ onlay group (CG), defined by the donor sites. The clinical parameters, radiographic changes, micro-CT, and histological processes were evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 1.7 years. RESULTS The horizontal bone width reflected significant bone modeling over time (p < 0.001) in the first 6 months. Multivariable analysis showed that the treatment modality (grouping) was a critical factor positively associated with vertical bone height alteration. However, neither the alteration rate of horizontal bone width nor the bone volume was associated with the treatment modality. The number of periosteal screws per graft positively affected horizontal contour maintenance (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the groups in the clinical parameters (complications, success rate, and peri-implant parameters). The micro-CT and histological outcomes were similar between the groups. CONCLUSION Despite the limitations of this study, in situ onlay grafting combined with GBR was an effective and reliable approach for horizontal bone augmentation in the anterior maxilla and appeared to demonstrate better stability in vertical bone remodeling. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study introduces a modified and minimally invasive technique of onlay grafting for horizontal bone augmentation. This in situ onlay grafting demonstrates superior stability in vertical bone remodeling. The trial registration number is ChiCTR2100054683.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yili Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Man
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Does Root Development Status Affect the Outcome of Tooth Autotransplantation? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093379. [PMID: 35591712 PMCID: PMC9103755 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Tooth autotransplantation is defined as the surgical repositioning of an autogenous tooth in another surgical site within the same individual. Aim: The aim of this research was to analyze the outcome of tooth transplantation using immature donor teeth compared with closed apex teeth and to compare differences between donor tooth positions on the arch. Methods: Electronic and manual literature searches were performed in different databases, including the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), EMBASE (OVID), Cochrane Central (CENTRAL), and the digital library of the Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC University) from 1978 to March 2021. Studies were selected when they fulfilled the following criteria: only human prospective clinical studies, minimum sample size of 10 patients, minimum follow-up of 1 year, studies reporting or with at least deducible data on survival rates, immediate tooth autotransplantation with completed or incomplete root formation, and publications in the English language. A meta-analysis of random effects was developed to estimate the global effect measure of the survival rate, success rate, and root resorption involving the total sample, as well as open- and closed-apex groups. Results: Twenty-four articles were eligible for analysis. The Cohen’s kappa corresponding to this review was 0.87, and the risk assessment was considered low–moderate for the included studies. Overall survival and success rates were 95.9% and 89.4%, respectively, with a mean follow-up of 4 years and an overall mean age of 25.2 ± 12.3 years. Closed apex teeth showed a survival rate of 3.9% lower than that of open apex teeth. Higher complication rates were found for both inflammatory external root resorption and replacement root resorption in the closed-apex group, without reaching statistical significance. Conclusions: Tooth autotransplantation is a viable treatment alternative, regardless of the apical condition, with high survival and success rates after a mean follow-up of 4 years. Open-apex donor teeth could be considered the gold-standard option, showing lower complication rates when compared to closed-apex donor teeth. Future randomized controlled clinical studies are needed to examine the long-term prognosis of this technique.
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Sayardoust S, Norstedt W, Shah FA. The long-term impact of alveolar ridge preservation with xenograft bone mineral on peri-implant health after 5 years in function: A retrospective cohort study of 108 patients assessed clinically and radiologically. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:640-649. [PMID: 35510846 PMCID: PMC9209797 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives When teeth are lost, dental implants contribute to improved oral function and quality of life. Limitations in dental implant placement arising from poor bone anatomy may be circumvented via alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). The aim is to evaluate the long‐term impact of ARP on peri‐implant health and the relationship with common risk indicators such as smoking and history of periodontitis. Materials and Methods One hundred and eight patients were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study with 308 implants. Of these, ∼41% were placed in bone sites that had previously received ARP with deproteinized bovine bone mineral xenograft. Association between baseline variables: ARP, age, gender, number of implants per patient, anatomical site, smoking, and previous history of grade III/IV periodontitis, and outcome variables: mucositis, peri‐implantitis, implant loss, full‐mouth plaque score (FMPS), full‐mouth bleeding score, and marginal bone loss (MBL) was evaluated using both univariate and multivariate models. Results After 5 years, the overall survival rate was 93.7%. The occurrence of peri‐implantitis was 21.3% and the extent of MBL was ~2.2 mm. Both peri‐implantitis occurrence and MBL were comparable between ARP+ and ARP−. Smoking is associated with higher FMPS and MBL. Conclusions The findings indicate that peri‐implant health can be maintained around dental implants for up to 5 years in ARP+ sites using Bio‐Oss®. Smoking is a major risk indicator for peri‐implantitis, whereas the association between history of periodontitis and the risk of peri‐implantitis, based on this specific, well‐maintained cohort and the specific implants used, remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariel Sayardoust
- Centre for Oral Health, School of Health and WelfareJönköping UniversityJönköpingSweden
- Department of PeriodontologyInstitute for Postgraduate Dental EducationJönköpingSweden
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Wilhelm Norstedt
- Department of PeriodontologyInstitute for Postgraduate Dental EducationJönköpingSweden
| | - Furqan A. Shah
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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Munakata M, Suzuki A, Yamaguchi K, Kataoka Y, Sanda M. Effects of implant surface mechanical instrumentation methods on peri-implantitis: An in vitro study using a circumferential bone defect model. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:891-896. [PMID: 35756780 PMCID: PMC9201532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Although several mechanical and chemical debridement techniques have been reported for the management of peri-implantitis, there is no consensus on the most effective method at present. This in vitro study aimed to examine the effects of different mechanical instrumentation techniques on the debridement of hard calcified materials, which are present on the implant surface, as well as the effect of the defect morphology. Materials and methods From a total of 15 implants, five each were assigned to one of three decontamination groups (Rotary titanium brush [Ti], tricalcium phosphate air powder abrasive treatment [Air], and titanium ultrasonic scaler [US] groups); the exposed hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated portion was divided into three 1-mm sections (coronal, middle, and apical). The residual-HA of each portion was measured using a digital microscope. Results The overall percentage of residual HA coating was significantly lower in the US group than in the Ti or Air groups (p < 0.01). The percentage of residual HA in the coronal portion was significantly lower in the Ti and US groups than in the Air group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The percentage of residual HA in the middle portion was significantly lower in the US group than in the Air group (p < 0.01). The percentage of residual HA in the apical portion was significantly lower in the Ti group than in the Air or US groups (p < 0.01). Conclusion Ti and US were more effective for shallow defects, whereas US was more effective for deeper defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Munakata
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1, Kita-Senzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan. Fax +81-3-3784-6330.
| | - Akihiro Suzuki
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kikue Yamaguchi
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Kataoka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Engineering, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Sanda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Lähteenmäki H, Pätilä T, Räisänen IT, Kankuri E, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T. Repeated Home-Applied Dual-Light Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Can Reduce Plaque Burden, Inflammation, and aMMP-8 in Peri-Implant Disease—A Pilot Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1273-1283. [PMID: 35723308 PMCID: PMC8947626 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, in clinical dentistry, antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been restricted to in-office treatments, which hampers repeated applications. This pilot study tested the benefit of a commercially available Lumoral® device designed for regular periodontal dual-light aPDT treatment at home. Seven patients with peri-implant disease applied dual-light aPDT daily in addition to their normal dental hygiene for four weeks. A single Lumoral® treatment includes an indocyanine green mouth rinse followed by 40 J/cm2 radiant exposure to a combination of 810 nm and 405 nm light. A point-of-care analysis of active-matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP-8), visible plaque index (VPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and peri-implant pocket depth (PPD) measurements was performed on day 0, day 15, and day 30. Reductions in aMMP-8 (p = 0.047), VPI (p = 0.03), and BOP (p = 0.03) were observed, and PPD was measured as being 1 mm lower in the implant (p = ns). These results suggest a benefit of regular application of dual-light aPDT in peri-implantitis. Frequently repeated application can be a promising approach to diminishing the microbial burden and to lowering the tissue destructive proteolytic and inflammatory load around dental implants. Further studies in larger populations are warranted to show the long-term benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-3248433
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University, 00100 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Helsinki University, 00100 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
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Beck F, Watzak G, Lettner S, Gahleitner A, Gruber R, Dvorak G, Ulm C. Retrospective Evaluation of Implants Placed in Iliac Crest Autografts and Pristine Bone. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051367. [PMID: 35268457 PMCID: PMC8910966 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Iliac crest autografts can compensate for severe mandibular atrophy before implant placement. However, the implant success in the augmented bone is not entirely predictable. Here we performed a retrospective cohort study to determine the success and related parameters of implants placed in augmented bone and pristine bone for up to 11 years. Material and Methods: We analyzed 18 patients where 72 implants were placed six months after iliac crest transplantation and 19 patients where 76 implants were placed in pristine bone. The primary endpoint was implant loss. Secondary endpoints were the implant success, peri-implant bone loss, and the clinical parameters related to peri-implantitis. Moreover, we evaluated the oral-health-related quality of life (OHIP). Results: Within a mean follow-up of 5.8 ± 2.2 and 7.6 ± 2.8 years, six but no implants were lost when placed in augmented and pristine bone, respectively. Among those implants remaining in situ, 58% and 68% were rated as implant success (p = 0.09). A total of 11% and 16% of the implants placed in the augmented and the pristine bone were identified as peri-implantitis (p = 0.08). Bone loss was similar in both groups, with a mean of 2.95 ± 1.72 mm and 2.44 ± 0.76 mm. The mean OHIP scores were 16.36 ± 13.76 and 8.78 ± 7.21 in the augmentation and the control group, respectively (p = 0.35). Conclusions: Implants placed in iliac crest autografts have a higher risk for implant loss and lower implant success rates compared to those placed in the pristine bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beck
- Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.W.); (C.U.)
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (R.G.); Tel.: +43-1-40070-4162 (F.B.); Fax: +43-1-40070-4109 (F.B.)
| | - Georg Watzak
- Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.W.); (C.U.)
| | - Stefan Lettner
- Core Facility Hard Tissue Research and Biomaterial Research, Karl Donath Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - André Gahleitner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (R.G.); Tel.: +43-1-40070-4162 (F.B.); Fax: +43-1-40070-4109 (F.B.)
| | - Gabriella Dvorak
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christian Ulm
- Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.W.); (C.U.)
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Souza JG, Costa RC, Sampaio AA, Abdo VL, Nagay BE, Castro N, Retamal-Valdes B, Shibli JA, Feres M, Barão VA, Bertolini M. Cross-kingdom microbial interactions in dental implant-related infections: is Candida albicans a new villain? iScience 2022; 25:103994. [PMID: 35313695 PMCID: PMC8933675 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, an oral fungal opportunistic pathogen, has shown the ability to colonize implant surfaces and has been frequently isolated from biofilms associated with dental implant-related infections, possibly due to its synergistic interactions with certain oral bacteria. Moreover, evidence suggests that this cross-kingdom interaction on implant can encourage bacterial growth, leading to increased fungal virulence and mucosal damage. However, the role of Candida in implant-related infections has been overlooked and not widely explored or even considered by most microbiological analyses and therapeutic approaches. Thus, we summarized the scientific evidence regarding the ability of C. albicans to colonize implant surfaces, interact in implant-related polymicrobial biofilms, and its possible role in peri-implant infections as far as biologic plausibility. Next, a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies was conducted to identify the relevance and the gap in the existing literature regarding the role of C. albicans in the pathogenesis of peri-implant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G.S. Souza
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
- Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-303, Brazil
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
- Corresponding author
| | - Raphael C. Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Aline A. Sampaio
- Department of Clinic, Pathology and Dental Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Victória L. Abdo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Bruna E. Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Nidia Castro
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Jamil A. Shibli
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Valentim A.R. Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
- Corresponding author
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Corrosion Behavior of Titanium Dental Implants with Implantoplasty. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041563. [PMID: 35208101 PMCID: PMC8875252 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The procedure generally used to remove bacterial biofilm adhering to the surface of titanium on dental implants is implantoplasty. This treatment is based on the machining of the titanium surface to remove bacterial plaque. In this study, we used 60 grade 4 titanium implants and performed the implantoplasty protocol. Using X-ray diffraction, we determined the stresses accumulated in each of the as-received, machined and debris implants. The resistance to corrosion in open circuit and potentiodynamically in physiological medium has been determined, and the corrosion potentials and intensities have been determined. Tests have been carried out to determine ion release by ICP-MS at different immersion times. The results show that the corrosion resistance and the release of titanium ions into the medium are related to the accumulated energy or the degree of deformation. The titanium debris exhibit compressive residual stresses of −202 MPa, the implant treated with implantoplasty −120 MPa, and as-received −77 MPa, with their corrosion behavior resulting in corrosion rates of 0.501, 0.77, and 0.444 mm/year, respectively. Debris is the material with the worst corrosion resistance and the one that releases the most titanium ions to the physiological medium (15.3 ppb after 21 days vs. 7 ppb for as-received samples). Pitting has been observed on the surface of the debris released into the physiological environment. This behavior should be taken into account by clinicians for the good long-term behavior of implants with implantoplasty.
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Implantoplasty Improves Clinical Parameters over a 2-Year Follow-Up: A Case Series. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58010113. [PMID: 35056421 PMCID: PMC8777908 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Peri-implantitis treatment is still undefined. Regenerative treatment is expensive and technically demanding due to the need to handle biomaterials, membranes and different methodologies of decontamination. Resective treatment and implantoplasty might be a viable solution. This case series presents a 24 month retrospective observational study of 10 peri-implantitis patients treated with implantoplasty. Materials and Methods: In the present case series, 10 peri-implantitis patients (20 implants) were treated with a resective approach and implantoplasty. Previous to implantoplasty, all patients underwent non-surgical treatment. This surgery consisted in a full-thickness flap and implant surface exposure. The exposed non-osseointegrated implant body was submitted to implantoplasty. The flap was apically repositioned and sutured. Patients were accompanied for 24 months. Results: The mean initial probing depth (PD) (PD = 5.37 ± 0.86 mm), bleeding on probing (BoP = 0.12 ± 0.06%) and suppuration (Sup = 0.01 ± 0.01%) decreased significantly at the 12 month evaluation (PD = 2.90 ± 0.39 mm; BoP = 0.01 ± 0.01% and Sup = 0.00 ± 0.00%). Between the 12 and 24 month evaluations, there were no significant clinical changes (PD = 2.85 ± 0.45 mm; BoP = 0.01 ± 0.01% and Sup = 0.00 ± 0.00%). Mucosal recession (MR) had a significant increase between the baseline and the first 12 months (0.69 ± 0.99 mm vs. 1.96 ± 1.33 mm), but there were no significant changes between the 12th and 24th month (1.94 ± 1.48 mm). The success rate was 100% without implant fracture or loss. Conclusions: Resective surgery and implantoplasty might be a valid option in some specific peri-implantitis cases. Properly designed clinical trials are needed to confirm this possibility.
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Verdeguer P, Gil J, Punset M, Manero JM, Nart J, Vilarrasa J, Ruperez E. Citric Acid in the Passivation of Titanium Dental Implants: Corrosion Resistance and Bactericide Behavior. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:545. [PMID: 35057263 PMCID: PMC8779281 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The passivation of titanium dental implants is performed in order to clean the surface and obtain a thin layer of protective oxide (TiO2) on the surface of the material in order to improve its behavior against corrosion and prevent the release of ions into the physiological environment. The most common chemical agent for the passivation process is hydrochloric acid (HCl), and in this work we intend to determine the capacity of citric acid as a passivating and bactericidal agent. Discs of commercially pure titanium (c.p.Ti) grade 4 were used with different treatments: control (Ctr), passivated by HCl, passivated by citric acid at 20% at different immersion times (20, 30, and 40 min) and a higher concentration of citric acid (40%) for 20 min. Physical-chemical characterization of all of the treated surfaces has been carried out by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, and the 'Sessile Drop' technique in order to obtain information about different parameters (topography, elemental composition, roughness, wettability, and surface energy) that are relevant to understand the biological response of the material. In order to evaluate the corrosion behavior of the different treatments under physiological conditions, open circuit potential and potentiodynamic tests have been carried out. Additionally, ion release tests were realized by means of ICP-MS. The antibacterial behavior has been evaluated by performing bacterial adhesion tests, in which two strains have been used: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-) and Streptococcus sanguinis (Gram+). After the adhesion test, a bacterial viability study has been carried out ('Life and Death') and the number of colony-forming units has been calculated with SEM images. The results obtained show that the passivation with citric acid improves the hydrophilic character, corrosion resistance, and presents a bactericide character in comparison with the HCl treatment. The increasing of citric acid concentration improves the bactericide effect but decreases the corrosion resistance parameters. Ion release levels at high citric acid concentrations increase very significantly. The effect of the immersion times studied do not present an effect on the properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Verdeguer
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, International University of Catalonia, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, International University of Catalonia, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Barcelona, Spain;
- School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), C/Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08125 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.); (J.V.)
| | - Miquel Punset
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (E.R.)
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- UPC Innovation and Technology Center (CIT-UPC), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), C/Jordi Girona 3-1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca San Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (E.R.)
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca San Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Nart
- School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), C/Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08125 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.); (J.V.)
| | - Javi Vilarrasa
- School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), C/Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08125 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.); (J.V.)
| | - Elisa Ruperez
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (E.R.)
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca San Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Lee SB, Lee BA, Choi SH, Kim YT. Long-term outcomes after peri-implantitis treatment and their influencing factors: a retrospective study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2022; 52:194-205. [PMID: 35775695 PMCID: PMC9253284 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2103020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the long-term outcomes after peri-implantitis treatment and the factors affecting these outcomes. Methods This study included 92 implants in 45 patients who had been treated for peri-implantitis. Clinical data on the characteristics of patients and their implants were collected retrospectively. The change in the marginal bone level was calculated by comparing the baseline and the most recently obtained (≥3 years after treatment) radiographs. The primary outcome variable was progression of the disease after the treatment at the implant level, which was defined as further bone loss of >1.0 mm or implant removal. A 2-level binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the effects of possible factors on the primary outcome. Results The mean age of the patients was 58.7 years (range, 22–79 years). Progression of peri-implantitis was observed in 64.4% of patients and 63.0% of implants during an observation period of 6.4±2.7 years (mean±standard deviation). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that full compliance to recall visits (P=0.019), smoking (P=0.023), placement of 4 or more implants (P=0.022), and marginal bone loss ≥4 mm at baseline (P=0.027) significantly influenced the treatment outcome. Conclusions The long-term results of peri-implantitis treatment can be improved by full compliance on the part of patients, whereas it is impaired by smoking, placement of multiple implants, and severe bone loss at baseline. Encouraging patients to stop smoking and to receive supportive care is recommended before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bae Lee
- Department of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Bo-Ah Lee
- Department of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Taek Kim
- Department of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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65
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Jansson L, Guan T, Modin C, Buhlin K. Radiographic peri-implant bone loss after a function time up to 15 years. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:74-80. [PMID: 34330198 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1958003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess the degree of radiographic peri-implant bone loss over a follow-up period up to 15 years. In addition, another aim was to identify risk indicators for peri-implant bone loss and for moderate-severe peri-implantitis at patient- and implant level. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional clinical and radiological study of 147 patients with a total of 425 implants in combination with data collected retrospectively for baseline variables. To calculate the peri-implant bone loss (primary outcome variable), the radiographic bone level measurements from baseline were compared to the radiographic bone level measurements at the final radiographic measurement. Multilevel analyses were adopted with peri-implant bone loss and peri-implantitis as outcome variables. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 12.5 years (range 10-15) and the mean age of the patients was 63 years (range 29-83). The mean peri-implant bone loss was 0.94 mm (S.D. 1.3). The prevalence of moderate-severe peri-implantitis at patient level was 17% and 8.9% at implant level. The peri-implant bone loss was significantly more pronounced in healthy implants if moderate-severe peri-implantitis was present in at least one implant within the same patient. The presence of moderate-severe peri-implantitis was significantly associated with general periodontitis Stages III or IV at follow-up and smoking. CONCLUSION The presence of moderate-severe peri-implantitis at patient level was found to be a risk indicator of peri-implant bone loss in healthy implants, while smoking and general periodontitis Stages III and IV were risk indicators of moderate-severe peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Jansson
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Service at Eastman Institutet, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tom Guan
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Service at Kaniken, Uppsala County Council, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carolina Modin
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Service at Eastman Institutet, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kåre Buhlin
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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66
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Association between Interleukin-1 Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Dental Peri-Implant Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10121600. [PMID: 34959556 PMCID: PMC8707532 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: Interleukins (ILs), as important biochemical mediators, control the host response to inflammation and are associated with bone resorption. In the present meta-analysis, we investigated the association between IL−1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental peri-implant disease (PID). Materials and methods: We searched Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PubMed/Medline databases for studies published until 9 September2021, without any restrictions. We calculated the crude OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the associations between IL−1 polymorphisms and PID risk in the five genetic models. We further performed the subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, trial sequential analysis, and calculated the publication bias. Results: Out of 212 retrieved records, sixteen articles were used in the meta-analysis. There was no association between IL−1A (–889), IL−1B (−511), IL−1B (+3953), and IL−1RN (VNTR) polymorphisms and the risk of dental PIDs, but there was an increased risk of IL−1B (+3954) in the patients with PIDs. In addition, an association of the composite genotype of IL−1A (−889)/IL−1B (+3953) was observed with the risk of PIDs, but not for the composite genotype of IL−1A (−889)/IL−1B (+3954). The publication year, the ethnicity, sample size, and the outcome were significantly influenced pooled estimates of some genetic models. Trial sequential analysis showed the lack of sufficient sample sizes in the studies. Conclusions: Among IL−1 polymorphisms evaluated in the meta-analysis, the composite genotype of IL−1A (−889)/IL−1B (+3953) and IL−1B (+3954) were the only polymorphisms associated with the risk of PID. The T allele and CT genotype of IL−1B (+3954) polymorphism were also associated with an elevated risk of PID.
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Serrano B, Sanz-Sánchez I, Serrano K, Montero E, Sanz M. One-year outcomes of dental implants with a hybrid surface macro-design placed in patients with history of periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 49:90-100. [PMID: 34881442 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the radiological, clinical, and microbiological outcomes of implants with a hybrid surface macro-design in patients with a history of periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was designed as a 12-month, parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial where patients with a history of treated periodontitis in need of dental implants for single-unit or short-span prosthesis were randomly allocated to a test [implants with a machined titanium surface in the coronal collar (hybrid; HS)] or a control group [conventional implants with moderately rough surface up to the implant shoulder (RS)]. Patients were followed at 3, 6, and 12 months after loading with assessment of radiological, clinical, and microbiological outcomes, as well as patient-related outcome measures (PROMs). RESULTS Forty patients were randomly assigned to either the RS group (n = 20) or the HS (n = 20) group. At 1 year, the mean marginal bone level changes were 0.22 [standard deviation (SD) 0.36] mm for the HS group and 0.22 (SD 0.29) mm for the RS group, with no significant differences between them (p = .961). Similarly, no significant differences in clinical, microbiological, or PROMs were observed between groups. CONCLUSIONS HS implants demonstrated radiographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics equal to RS implants in patients with a history of periodontitis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT05010382).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Serrano
- Section of Post-Graduate Periodontology-Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Sanz-Sánchez
- Section of Post-Graduate Periodontology-Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katherine Serrano
- Section of Post-Graduate Periodontology-Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Montero
- Section of Post-Graduate Periodontology-Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Section of Post-Graduate Periodontology-Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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68
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Seki K, Ikeda T, Urata K, Shiratsuchi H, Kamimoto A, Hagiwara Y. Correlations between implant success rate and personality types in the older people: A preliminary case control study. J Dent Sci 2021; 17:1266-1273. [PMID: 35784148 PMCID: PMC9236896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/ purpose Older patients inevitably have a higher need for implant treatment, it is unknown how mental changes or psychological aspects affect the outcome of implant treatment. This study evaluated the success rate of implants and the influence of personality traits in the older people. The goal was to provide evidence for predictable implant treatment while taking into account the unique psychological changes of elders. Materials and methods Participants were patients who were able to independently visit our hospital between March 2004 and May 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 65 years or older at the time of implant placement with regular follow-up for at least 1 year. The implant success rate was calculated by counting peri-implantitis and implant loss as failures. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the effect of patient personality characteristics on the success rate. Results Fifty-six implants were included in 23 patients (12 men, 11 women), with a mean age of 68.5 years (65–76) and mean maintenance duration of 9 years and 2 months. The cumulative survival rate was 87% at the patient level (94.6% at the implant level). Statistically significant differences were found for adaptive traits (odds ratio [OR] = 0.04) and non-adaptive traits (OR = 6.38); however, no significant differences were found for the other independent variables. Conclusion The overall implant success rate was 69.6% at the patient level (82.1% at the implant level). The personality traits in older people had a significant effect on the implant failure rate.
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69
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Barbagallo G, Santagati M, Guni A, Torrisi P, Spitale A, Stefani S, Ferlito S, Nibali L. Microbiome differences in periodontal, peri-implant, and healthy sites: a cross-sectional pilot study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2771-2781. [PMID: 34826030 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore microbial communities associated with health and disease status around teeth and dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10 healthy, 24 periodontitis, and 24 peri-implant sites from 24 patients were sequenced by next-generation sequencing. Microbial DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA gene was amplified. Bioinformatic analyses were performed using quantitative insights into microbial ecology (QIIME), linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSE), and STAMP. RESULTS Differences in microbial diversity across three types of sites were not statistically significant. Several genera and species were more prevalent in healthy compared with diseased sites, including Lautropia, Rothia and Capnocytophaga and Kingella. Among diseased sites, Peptostreptococcaceae, Dialister, Mongibacterium, Atopobium, and Filifactor were over-represented in peri-implantitis sites, while Bacteroidales was more abundant in periodontitis sites. CONCLUSIONS Diseased periodontal and peri-implant sites and corresponding healthy sites have distinct microbiological profiles. These findings suggest that microbial analyses could identify biomarkers for periodontal health and disease and lead to the development of new strategies to improve periodontal health and treat peri-implant and periodontal diseases. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The study contributes to improving our understanding of healthy, periodontally affected, and peri-implantitis sites which can improve our ability to diagnose, monitor, and manage these oral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Barbagallo
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, Division of Dental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Santagati
- Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Alaa Guni
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Torrisi
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, Division of Dental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ambra Spitale
- Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefani
- Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Ferlito
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, Division of Dental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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70
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Zheng C, Wang S, Ye H, Liu Y, Hu W, Zhou Y. Baseline selection for evaluation of peri-implant soft tissue changes: a clinical trial. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1494. [PMID: 34805356 PMCID: PMC8573432 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background To select the optimal baseline for evaluation of peri-implant soft tissue changes among 1, 2, and 3 weeks after definitive crown insertion. Methods A total of 22 individuals who required implant restoration were recruited to this study. Each participant received a screw-retained conventional implant restoration. Peri-implant soft tissue was captured by an intraoral scanner and analyzed by 3D analysis software. Soft tissue changes [mucosal margin (MM) and soft tissue thickness (STT)] on the buccal side of implant sites were evaluated at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after definitive crown insertion. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurement and Tukey’s test were used to analyze significant differences between the 3 time points (α=0.05). Results An increased volume of peri-implant soft tissue was observed shortly after definitive crown insertion. Based on the findings of peri-implant soft tissue changes, significant differences were observed between weeks 1 and 2 (P<0.01), and weeks 1 and 3 (P<0.01), while there was no significant difference between weeks 2 and 3 (P>0.05). Conclusions Minimal peri-implant soft tissue changes occurred in this study. The time point of 2 weeks after definitive crown insertion was preliminarily selected as the baseline. The small sample size and few time points must be taken into consideration when interpreting these findings. Trial Registration This study was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number: ChiCTR2000037954; Date of registration: 6 September 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoling Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiang Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Periodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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71
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Shi Y, Tong Z, Zhang Y, Si M, He F. Microbial profiles of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis: Submucosal microbial dysbiosis correlates with disease severity. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 33:172-183. [PMID: 34808004 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the microbiome characteristics of peri-implant mucositis (PM) and peri-implantitis (PI), and to analyse the correlation between disease severity and submucosal microbial dysbiosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study design was conducted. Submucosal biofilm samples from 27 PM sites and 37 PI sites from 64 patients were collected and analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina). Differences in microbiological profiles between PM and PI were evaluated using the α-diversity, β-diversity and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis. The relative abundances of the taxa at the phylum and genus levels were compared using the Wilcoxon rank test and logistic regression. The microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) was calculated, and its relationship with clinical measurements (probing depth, bleeding on probing and marginal bone loss, among others) was analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS The overall microbiome distribution in the PM and PI sites was similar according to α- and β-diversity. Twenty-three taxa at the genus level and two taxa at the phylum level showed significant differences in relative abundance between the two clinical classifications. Five taxa at the genus level were screened out for the MDI calculation after logistic regression. No clinical measurements but marginal bone loss showed a significant positive correlation with microbial dysbiosis. CONCLUSION The microbiome richness, diversity and distribution were similar in PM and PI sites, including both common periodontal bacteria and novel species. In addition, an increase in marginal bone loss was significantly associated with submucosal microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Shi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Dental Clinic, The Sir Runrun Shaw's Hospital, Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zian Tong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Hangzhou Stomatology Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Misi Si
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuming He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Alqahtani AR, Gufran K, Alqahtani AM, Alazemi FN, Alzahrani KM. Evaluating the Knowledge of General Dentist Towards the Management of Peri-Implant Diseases: A Multi-Center, Cross-Sectional Study. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Recently, implants have been widely considered as an option for replacing missing teeth. There are several biological conditions that must be considered for the success of an implant. Failure to satisfy any of these factors may result in complications, such as peri-implantitis or failure of the implant.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the general dentist's attitude towards the management of peri-implant diseases in Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
A multicenter cross-sectional electronic-based questionnaire was formulated based on the validated questionnaire from a previous study. It was targeted towards the general dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia. The study sample consisted of 721 general dental practitioners. The questionnaire consisted of 17 questions divided into five sections. Pearson's chi-square test was used for inferential statistical analysis with Holm's correction, for adjusted p-value, the alpha at 95% confidence interval was 0.05, and all values below alpha were considered statistically significant.
Results:
The majority of participants had attended an implant training course (51.2%) while the rest had not (48.7%). The majority of the participants (67.3%) thought they need special instruments for the detection of peri-implantitis but only 29.5% thought they do not need any special instruments for the intended purpose. Most participants (79.3%) said they can identify and differentiate between normal and abnormal soft tissue around an implant, while 6.5% of the respondents could not. More than half of the participants (54.8%) could differentiate between peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, and 19.4% had no idea about this. Amoxicillin & metronidazole was considered as the best and most effective antibiotic by the majority of respondents (76%), while only (5%) of dentists selected ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion:
This study concludes by suggesting that most of the participants have adequate knowledge about peri-implant soft tissue assessment, mechanism of periodontitis and peri-implantitis, its initiation and progression along with its management. Most of the participants found the training courses on peri-implantitis to be efficient. It is recommended to conduct more courses and studies that would aim at understanding the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implant diseases so as to increase awareness among general dentists.
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73
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Das D, Shenoy N. Peri-Implant Diseases. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES NU 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOsseointegrated dental implants have become an increasingly popular modality of treatment for the replacement of absent or lost teeth because of its high rates of long-term survival when used to support various types of dental prostheses. However, complications and implant failure can still occur and are considered by many clinicians as a major obstacle for implant treatment. Biological complications mainly refer to inflammatory conditions of the soft tissues and bone surrounding implants and their restorative components, which are induced by the accumulation of bacterial biofilm. Two clinical varieties may be distinguished: peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Peri-implant mucositis is a reversible, plaque-induced inflammatory lesion confined to the peri-implant soft tissue unit, whereas peri-implantitis is an extension of peri-implant mucositis to involve the bone supporting the implant. Diagnosing and managing these biological complications is of utmost importance for the implant surgeon and dental practitioner. This review encompasses the etiology, diagnostic aspects, prevention, and management of biological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Das
- Department of Periodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangalore, India
| | - Nina Shenoy
- Department of Periodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangalore, India
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74
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AlMoharib HS, Steffensen B, Zoukhri D, Finkelman M, Gyurko R. Efficacy of an Er:YAG laser in the decontamination of dental implant surfaces: An in vitro study. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1613-1621. [PMID: 33687796 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of peri-implant diseases led to the development of various methods for implant surface decontamination. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of biofilm removal from implant-like titanium surfaces by an erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser, titanium brush, and carbon fiber curet. METHODS Eight study subjects were recruited. A custom mouth appliance that held eight sandblasted and acid-etched titanium discs was fabricated for each subject. Subjects were asked to wear this appliance for 72 hours to allow for biofilm development. After retrieval, discs were removed and randomized to one of four treatment groups. The discs were stained with a two-component nucleic acid dye kit, and the residual biofilm was visualized under fluorescence microscopy. Quantification of residual biofilm was performed using an image analysis software and expressed as the percentage surface area. RESULTS Fifty-nine titanium discs were randomized to the four treatment groups. The percentage of titanium disc area covered by residual biofilm was 74.0% ± 21.6%, 32.8% ± 24.0%, 11.8% ± 10.3%, and 20.1% ± 19.2% in the control, Er:YAG, titanium brush and carbon fiber curet groups, respectively (mean ± SD). The biofilm-covered area significantly decreased in each of the three treatment groups compared with control (P < 0.008). Comparisons between treatment groups did not reveal statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Er:YAG laser treatment is an effective method for reducing the bacterial biofilm on titanium discs. However, on a threadless titanium surface, Er:YAG laser does not exhibit a significantly greater efficacy in biofilm removal than commonly used titanium brushes or carbon fiber curets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani S AlMoharib
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bjorn Steffensen
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Driss Zoukhri
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Finkelman
- Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Gyurko
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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75
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Blanco C, Pico A, Dopico J, Gándara P, Blanco J, Liñares A. Adjunctive benefits of systemic metronidazole on non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 49:15-27. [PMID: 34713471 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study clinical, radiographic, and microbiological outcomes after non-surgical therapy of peri-implantitis with or without adjunctive systemic metronidazole. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 32 subjects (62 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Implants received a mechanical non-surgical debridement session and systemic metronidazole or placebo. Clinical, radiographic, and microbiological outcomes were evaluated at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS After 12 months, the test treatment resulted in significantly greater PPD reduction (2.53 vs. 1.02 mm) and CAL gain (2.14 vs. 0.53 mm) (p value <.05) in comparison with placebo. The test treatment also resulted in additional radiographic bone gain (2.33 vs. 1.13 mm) compared with placebo (p value <.05). There was a significantly greater decrease in Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Campylobacter rectus counts compared with the control group (p value <.05). At the end of follow-up, 56.3% of patients met the success criteria in the test group and 25% in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The use of systemic metronidazole as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis resulted in significant additional improvements in clinical, radiographic, and microbiological parameters after 12 months of follow-up. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03564301).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Blanco
- Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alex Pico
- Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose Dopico
- Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Gándara
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Oral Surgery Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Blanco
- Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Liñares
- Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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76
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Passarelli PC, Netti A, Lopez MA, Giaquinto EF, De Rosa G, Aureli G, Bodnarenko A, Papi P, Starzyńska A, Pompa G, D’Addona A. Local/Topical Antibiotics for Peri-Implantitis Treatment: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111298. [PMID: 34827236 PMCID: PMC8615130 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies indicate that the mechanical removal of the bacterial biofilm from the implant surface is the central goal of peri-implantitis therapy. However, controversial results in the treatment of peri-implantitis have led to the consideration of additional strategies that include surgical approaches and chemical adjuvants. Local/topical antibiotics, such as minocycline, azithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, doxycycline, and metronidazole, may improve the efficacy of the definitive treatment of the disease, but the lack of conclusive findings prevents their use in clinical practice. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of local/topical antibiotics for peri-implantitis treatment. Randomised controlled studies (RCT) on patients with peri-implantitis and comparing the efficacy of local/topical antibiotics vs. placebo or mechanical debridement were included. A systematic search strategy was carried out using three registered databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). RoB2 was used to assess risk of bias. Five RCTs were identified (n = 250 patients and 333 implants). Contrast results emerged among the included studies, and a high heterogeneity level was observed. Risk of bias revealed some concerns for three studies out of five, while one study was judged at high risk. Only one study analysed the limitations of its findings. Overall, local antibiotic use can be considered a valid approach in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Therefore, future long-term clinical trials with standardised protocols and antibiotics with similar biological activity profiles should be tested to achieve a valid and definitive conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Carmine Passarelli
- Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the “Sacred Heart”, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.C.P.); (E.F.G.); (G.D.R.); (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Andrea Netti
- Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the “Sacred Heart”, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.C.P.); (E.F.G.); (G.D.R.); (G.A.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +39-06-3015-4079
| | | | - Eleonora Favetti Giaquinto
- Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the “Sacred Heart”, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.C.P.); (E.F.G.); (G.D.R.); (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the “Sacred Heart”, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.C.P.); (E.F.G.); (G.D.R.); (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Gianmarco Aureli
- Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the “Sacred Heart”, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.C.P.); (E.F.G.); (G.D.R.); (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Alina Bodnarenko
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Piero Papi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Anna Starzyńska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Giorgio Pompa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Antonio D’Addona
- Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the “Sacred Heart”, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.C.P.); (E.F.G.); (G.D.R.); (G.A.); (A.D.)
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Kido R, Kido JI, Nishikawa Y, Sakamoto E, Tomotake Y, Yumoto H. Diagnosis of inflammatory peri-implant diseases using an immunochromatographic assay for calprotectin in peri-implant crevicular fluid. Int J Implant Dent 2021; 7:106. [PMID: 34623545 PMCID: PMC8498755 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence rate of peri-implant diseases is increasing with implant placement. Early detection of peri-implant diseases is important to prevent and treat these diseases, and a simple and objective diagnostic method is expected. Immunochromatographic (IC) assays are used for rapid diagnostic methods for some diseases. The aim of this clinical study was to determine the amount of calprotectin, an inflammatory marker, in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) using an IC chip, and estimate the possibility of this diagnostic system. Methods Forty-six individuals with dental implants participated in a pilot study. PICF samples were collected from the peri-implant sites with or without inflammation after clinical examinations including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and gingival index (GI). Calprotectin in PICF was determined by an IC chip and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for calprotectin. The density of calprotectin line on the IC chip was measured using an IC reader (IC reader value). The relationship between IC reader value and ELISA value or clinical parameters was investigated. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of IC reader value of calprotectin was performed to predict inflammation in peri-implant diseases. Results IC reader value of calprotectin was significantly correlated with its ELISA value and PD. IC reader values of calprotectin in PICF samples from periodontal sites with GI-1 and GI-2, and with BOP-positive sites were significantly higher than those of PICF samples from GI-0 sites, and BOP-negative sites, respectively. The IC reader value for calprotectin in PICF samples from inflammatory diseased sites was significantly higher than that of non-diseased sites. ROC analysis suggested that the IC reader value of PICF calprotectin was useful for predicting inflammatory peri-implant diseases. Conclusion IC assay for PICF calprotectin may be a possible system for diagnosing the inflammatory peri-implant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
| | | | - Eijiro Sakamoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yoritoki Tomotake
- Oral Implant Center, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Yumoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
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78
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Di Gianfilippo R, Askar H, Henderson J, Franceschi D, Wang HL, Wang CW. Intra- and Inter-Examiner Repeatability of Diagnostic Peri-implant Clinical Measurement: A Pilot Study. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 48:295-300. [PMID: 34505156 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-20-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the crucial role of examiner reliability on quality research and practice, there is still limited literature analyzing factors affecting examiner variability of peri-implant clinical measurements. The present study investigated clinical peri-implant parameters to quantify their repeatability and investigate factors that may affect their accuracy. Thirty-three implants were examined by four operators. Peri-implant probing depth (PD), recession (REC) and gingival index (GI) were measured for agreement and included for analysis. Agreement was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; 95% CI); mixed linear and logistic regressions were used to assess additional variables. The overall inter-examiner agreement was comparable between PD (0.80) and REC (0.78), but significantly worse for GI (0.45) (p<0.001). Similarly, the intra-examiner agreement was similar for PD (0.81) and REC (0.80), but significantly worse for GI (0.57) (p<0.05). The magnitude of PD did not influence agreement. In contrast, increasing disagreement was noted for positive REC (OR: 3.0), negative REC (OR: 4.8) and lower GI (OR: 4.4). The incidence of bleeding on probing and severity of GI increased for deeper PD (0.113 unit increase per mm). Negative and positive values of recession and lower GI were associated with increasing disagreement. Radiographic bone loss, restoration contour and implant diameter did not impact PD accuracy within this study. In conclusion, within the limitations of the study, GI measurements presented higher variability than PD and REC. PD and GI were associated with one another and increased after multiple measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Gianfilippo
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine. The University of Michigan School of Dentistry
| | - Houssam Askar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine. The University of Michigan School of Dentistry
| | - James Henderson
- Consulting for Statistics, Computing, and Analytics Research. The University of Michigan
| | - Debora Franceschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, The University of Florence
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine. The University of Michigan School of Dentistry
| | - Chin-Wei Wang
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine Post-doctoral Resident and Research Fellow Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity 188 Longwood AVE UNITED STATES Boston MA 02215 617-615-7510 University of Michigan School of Dentistry, USA; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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79
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Kang MS, Jang HJ, Lee SH, Lee JE, Jo HJ, Jeong SJ, Kim B, Han DW. Potential of Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Dental Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5104. [PMID: 34501203 PMCID: PMC8434078 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While conventional dental implants focus on mechanical properties, recent advances in functional carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) accelerated the facilitation of functionalities including osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osseointegration. The surface functionalization with CNMs in dental implants has emerged as a novel strategy for reinforcement and as a bioactive cue due to their potential for mechanical reinforcing, osseointegration, and antimicrobial properties. Numerous developments in the fabrication and biological studies of CNMs have provided various opportunities to expand their application to dental regeneration and restoration. In this review, we discuss the advances in novel dental implants with CNMs in terms of tissue engineering, including material combination, coating strategies, and biofunctionalities. We present a brief overview of recent findings and progression in the research to show the promising aspect of CNMs for dental implant application. In conclusion, it is shown that further development of surface functionalization with CNMs may provide innovative results with clinical potential for improved osseointegration after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Hee Jeong Jang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Seok Hyun Lee
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.E.L.); (H.J.J.)
| | - Hyo Jung Jo
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.E.L.); (H.J.J.)
| | | | - Bongju Kim
- Dental Life Science Research Institute/Innovation Research & Support Center for Dental Science, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.H.L.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.E.L.); (H.J.J.)
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80
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De Ry SP, Roccuzzo A, Lang NP, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Ramseier CA, Sculean A, Salvi GE. Evaluation of the implant disease risk assessment (IDRA) tool: A retrospective study in patients with treated periodontitis and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:1299-1307. [PMID: 34388276 PMCID: PMC9290928 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the Implant Disease Risk Assessment (IDRA) tool for the prediction of peri‐implantitis in treated periodontitis patients with implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) after at least 5 years of function. Material and methods From the patient pool of implant patients enrolled in a regular supportive periodontal therapy programme (SPT) for at least 5 years, 239 patients were screened. Eighty patients met the inclusion criteria and underwent evaluation through the criteria of the IDRA tool. Areas under the curve (AUCs) for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves including 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results Seventy‐nine patients (43 males and 36 females, 8 smokers), aged on average 59.0 years (range: 40–79 years) at baseline (i.e. FDP delivery) were analysed. The calculated IDRA‐risk was in 34 patients (42.5%) a moderate risk, while 45 patients (56.3%) were considered at high IDRA‐risk. One patient categorized at low IDRA‐risk was excluded from the analysis. The AUC was 0.613 (95% CI: 0.464–0.762) if the IDRA‐risk was associated with prevalence of peri‐implantitis at the most recent follow‐up. Peri‐implantitis was diagnosed in 4 patients (12%) at moderate and in 12 patients (27%) at high IDRA‐risk, respectively. The calculated odds ratio for developing peri‐implantitis in patients with high IDRA‐risk compared with patients with moderate IDRA‐risk was 2.727 with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (95% CI: 0.793–9.376). Conclusion Within the limitations of the present retrospective study, the IDRA algorithm might represent a promising tool to assess patients at moderate or high risk of developing peri‐implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siro P De Ry
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklaus P Lang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lisa J Heitz-Mayfield
- International Research Collaborative, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, West Perth, Australia
| | - Christoph A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni E Salvi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Khadembaschi D, Russell P, Beech N, Batstone MD. Osseointegrated implant survival, success and prosthodontic outcomes in composite free flaps: A 10-year retrospective cohort study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:1251-1261. [PMID: 34352129 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate implant survival, success and prosthodontic outcomes in a variety of composite free flaps. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of patient records was used for data collection of implants placed into flaps. Free flap donor sites included fibula, iliac crest, scapula, medial femoral condyle and radial forearm. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate survival. Cox regression was used to assess variables affecting survival, and binary logistic regression was utilised to determine effect of variables on prosthodontic outcomes. RESULTS There were 150 implants placed into 45 fibula, 98 implants into 29 iliac crest, 62 implants into 22 scapula, 6 implants into 3 medial femoral condyle and 2 implants in radial forearm composite free flaps. There was no difference in survival or success between or within the various flaps. Active smoking, increasing age, male gender and radiotherapy were associated with implant failure. Of patients completing prosthodontic rehabilitation, 93% were successful. There was no difference in likelihood of failure between different flap types. Fixed implant-supported dentures were associated with poor oral hygiene compared with removable designs (OR2.9, 95%CI 1.1-7.8, p = .03). CONCLUSIONS There is adequate survival and success of implants in common flaps. Caution is required when planning implants in patients exposed to radiotherapy and smokers. Ability to maintain adequate oral hygiene is an important prosthetic design consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Khadembaschi
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Russell
- Metro North Oral Health Centre, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas Beech
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin D Batstone
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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82
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Zhang F, Liu E, Radaic A, Yu X, Yang S, Yu C, Xiao S, Ye C. Diagnostic potential and future directions of matrix metalloproteinases as biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid of oral and systemic diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:180-196. [PMID: 34339782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a physiological fluid and an inflammatory serum exudate derived from the gingival plexus of blood vessels and mixed with host tissues and subgingival plaque flows. In addition to proteins, GCF contains a diverse population of cells, including desquamated epithelial cells, cytokines, electrolytes, and bacteria from adjacent plaques. Recently, matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs), which are endopeptidases that are active against extracellular macromolecules, in GCF have been revealed as potential utility biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow-up of oral and systemic diseases, thereby facilitating the early evaluation of malignancy risk and the monitoring of disease progression and treatment response. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are specific inhibitors of matrixins that participate in the regulation of local activities of MMPs in tissues. This review provides an overview of the latest findings on the diagnostic and prognostic values of MMPs and TIMPs in GCF of oral and systemic diseases, including periodontal disease, pulpitis, peri-implantitis and cardiovascular disease as well as the extraction, detection and analytical methods for GCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Physical Examination Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Enyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Allan Radaic
- School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shimeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Changchang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China, Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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83
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Theodoridis C, Doulkeridou C, Menexes G, Vouros I. Comparison of RANKL and OPG levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid between healthy and diseased peri-implant tissues. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:823-836. [PMID: 34264378 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess RANKL and OPG levels, as well as RANKL/OPG ratio, in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), in dental implants presenting peri-implantitis (PI) in comparison to healthy implants (H) and to implants with peri-implant mucositis (MU). MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search based on the PICO framework, supplemented by hand searching, was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE, using the Ovid interface from 1996 up to and including the 17th of December 2019 in order to identify relevant clinical studies. A combination of MeSH terms and text words was utilized for this purpose. Sequential screenings at the title, abstract, and full-text levels were performed independently and in duplicate. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted and mean value standardized differences, between PI and H groups, were utilized as effect sizes. RESULTS Out of 1961 titles, which were revealed by the search strategy, 11 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were incorporated in the systematic review. Meta-analytical processing was performed for RANKL (4 articles), OPG (5 articles), and RANKL/OPG ratio (5 articles) in PI and H groups. The total effect for RANKL mean differences between PI and H groups indicated a tendency but not a statistical significance (P = 0.078) in favor of the PI group, while no statistically significant differences were found for OPG and the ratio levels in the examined groups. CONCLUSIONS There is limited evidence that levels of the examined biomarkers, RANKL, and OPG as well as the RANKL/OPG ratio, in PICF, may be considered strong indicators for distinguishing between healthy and inflamed peri-implant sites. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Biomarker identification in PICF, which could differentiate between healthy and diseased dental implants, might represent a valuable non-invasive method suitable for implant pathology and implant therapy prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Theodoridis
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Cretan District Health Directorate, Agia Foteini Health Center, Rethymnon, Greece
| | - C Doulkeridou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - G Menexes
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Vouros
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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84
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Wada M, Mameno T, Otsuki M, Kani M, Tsujioka Y, Ikebe K. Prevalence and risk indicators for peri-implant diseases: A literature review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:78-84. [PMID: 34158874 PMCID: PMC8203834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implant diseases are known as undesirable conditions that can occur after implant therapy. Although several risk indicators are becoming clear, the causes of peri-implant diseases have not been completely investigated. The purpose of this review was to summarize the prevalence and risk indicators for peri-implant diseases by referring to current papers from various angles. Many studies have reported the varied prevalence of peri-implant mucositis (23.9%-88.0% at the patient level and 9.7%-81.0% at the implant level) and peri-implantitis (8.9%-45% at the patient level and 4.8%-23.0% at the implant level). Additionally, several studies concluded that poor oral hygiene and lack of regular maintenance were strongly correlated with the development of both peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Diabetes and a history of periodontitis were revealed as risk indicators for peri-implantitis. However, there was no definitive conclusion about the correlations between peri-implant diseases and other factors such as smoking, the shape of the implant superstructure, and the condition of the keratinized mucosa. Further studies useful for evidence-based decision-making are needed for predictable implant therapy in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Wada
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Mameno
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Japan
| | - Motohiro Otsuki
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Japan.,Private Dental Office, Japan
| | - Misako Kani
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tsujioka
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Japan
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85
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Predictive modeling for peri-implantitis by using machine learning techniques. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11090. [PMID: 34045590 PMCID: PMC8160334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to create a model for predicting the onset of peri-implantitis by using machine learning methods and to clarify interactions between risk indicators. This study evaluated 254 implants, 127 with and 127 without peri-implantitis, from among 1408 implants with at least 4 years in function. Demographic data and parameters known to be risk factors for the development of peri-implantitis were analyzed with three models: logistic regression, support vector machines, and random forests (RF). As the results, RF had the highest performance in predicting the onset of peri-implantitis (AUC: 0.71, accuracy: 0.70, precision: 0.72, recall: 0.66, and f1-score: 0.69). The factor that had the most influence on prediction was implant functional time, followed by oral hygiene. In addition, PCR of more than 50% to 60%, smoking more than 3 cigarettes/day, KMW less than 2 mm, and the presence of less than two occlusal supports tended to be associated with an increased risk of peri-implantitis. Moreover, these risk indicators were not independent and had complex effects on each other. The results of this study suggest that peri-implantitis onset was predicted in 70% of cases, by RF which allows consideration of nonlinear relational data with complex interactions.
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86
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Qi Y, Li C, Du Y, Lin J, Li N, Yu Y. Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with the Risk of Developing Peri-Implantitis in Chinese Han Population. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1625-1631. [PMID: 33935510 PMCID: PMC8079253 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s304261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the role of chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) gene polymorphisms in peri-implantitis susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Patients and Methods A total of 260 individuals were included in this study, including 127 peri-implantitis patients and 133 healthy implants. CXCR2 gene rs2230054 and rs1126580 polymorphisms in different groups were analyzed by the Chi-square test. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were employed to evaluate the association between CXCR2 polymorphism and peri-implantitis susceptibility. Results The CT genotype of rs2230054 and the AG genotype and G allele of rs1126580 significantly increased in peri-implantitis patients compared with healthy implants (P < 0.05). The CT genotype of rs2230054 (OR = 1.825, 95% CI = 1.028–3.239) and the AG genotype of rs1126580 (OR = 2.223, 95% CI 1.272–3.885) carriers had a high risk to infect with peri-implantitis. Additionally, these CXCR2 gene polymorphisms have been revealed to be associated with the periodontal status of peri-implantitis patients. Conclusion The CXCR2 gene rs2230054 and rs1126580 polymorphisms were associated with the peri-implantitis susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. The CT genotype of rs2230054 and the AG genotype and G allele of rs1126580 serve as risk factors for the occurrence of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuesun Qi
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200540, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Jing'an District Institute of Dental Diseases, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200540, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichao Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200540, People's Republic of China
| | - Youcheng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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87
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Wentorp F, Jablonowski L, Pink C, Holtfreter B, Kocher T. At which bone level are implants explanted? Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:786-798. [PMID: 33755997 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clear guidelines when to remove an implant are missing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of peri-implant bone loss at explantation by specialists. MATERIAL AND METHODS Implantology specialists were asked to provide implants explanted due to peri-implantitis with related clinical information. Early failures (survival time <12 months) were analyzed separately. Questionnaires inquired age, sex, smoking, implant location, usage of bone substitutes, and implant brand. Explants were measured and bone loss was assessed using radiographs. Covariate-adjusted mixed-effects models were evaluated for bone loss and survival time. RESULTS Twelve dental offices provided 192 explants from 161 patients with 99 related radiographs. Thirty-three (17.2%) explants were early failures. Excluding early failures, average survival time was 9.5 ± 5.8 years with absolute and relative bone loss of 7.0 ± 2.7 mm and 66.2 ± 23.7%, respectively. Late failures were removed at mean bone loss of 57.7% in the maxilla and 73.7% in the mandible irrespective of survival time. In fully adjusted mixed-effects models, only age at implantation (B = -0.19; 95% CI: -0.27, -0.10) remained a significant factor for survival time. Implants exhibited significantly more relative bone loss if they were positioned in the mandible (B = 17.3; 95% CI: 3.91, 30.72) or if they were shorter (B = -2.79; 95% CI: -5.50, -0.08). CONCLUSIONS Though the mean bone loss (66.2%) at which implants were explanted was in accordance with the literature, its wide variation and differentiation between jaws showed that the profession has no universally accepted threshold beyond which an implant cannot be preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionn Wentorp
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Pedodontics, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lukasz Jablonowski
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Pedodontics, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christiane Pink
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Pedodontics, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Pedodontics, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Pedodontics, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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88
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Genetti L, Ercoli C, Kotsailidi EA, Feng C, Tsigarida A, Chochlidakis K. Clinical Evaluation of Crestal Bone Levels, Peri-Implant Indices, and Mucosal Margin Position of Immediately Impressed Posterior Dental Implants: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Prosthodont 2021; 30:763-768. [PMID: 33834572 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This is a cross-sectional clinical study to evaluate crestal bone levels, mucosal margin position, probing depths, bleeding on probing, and plaque and bleeding indices of implants restored with an immediate impression workflow compared to implants restored with a delayed impression workflow. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who had received a posterior single implant crown in the premolar and molar regions were identified and scheduled for a single-visit study appointment. Outcome measurements included soft tissues peri-implant indices, peri-implant mucosal margin position, and crestal bone levels. Several systemic-, local-, and prosthesis-related factors were recorded. Bitewing radiographs were used to assess crestal bone levels. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the medians of continuous measurements and Pearson chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test) was used to compare the distributions of categorical variables between the two groups. RESULTS Twenty eight patients were included. Crestal bone levels, peri-implant mucosal margin position and peri-implant soft tissue parameters for the immediately impressed group were not statistically different from the delayed impressed group, except for probing depth for the immediately impressed buccal site, which was less than that of the delayed group. Mesial bone level for cement-retained crowns was significantly more coronal than for screw-retained ones. CONCLUSIONS While an isolated statistical difference was found in probing depth, the current study suggests that there is no clinically significant difference between implants impressed with immediate and delayed implant workflows when considering crestal bone levels, peri-implant mucosal margin position, and most peri-implant indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Genetti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Carlo Ercoli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY.,Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Elli Anna Kotsailidi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY.,Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Changyong Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Alexandra Tsigarida
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Konstantinos Chochlidakis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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89
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Dukka H, Saleh MHA, Ravidà A, Greenwell H, Wang HL. Is bleeding on probing a reliable clinical indicator of peri-implant diseases? J Periodontol 2021; 92:1669-1674. [PMID: 33829501 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bleeding on probing (BOP) is regarded as an indispensable diagnostic tool for evaluating periodontal disease activity; however, its role in peri-implant disease is more intricate. Much of the confusion about the interpretation originates from drawing parallels between periodontal and peri-implant conditions. BOP can originate from two forms of probing in implants: traumatic or pathologic induction. This, in addition to the dichotomous scale of BOP can complicate diagnosis. The objective of this commentary is to discuss the following: 1) the value of BOP as a diagnostic tool for peri-implant diseases; 2) the reasons it should be distinct from value for diagnosing periodontal and peri-implant diseases; and 3) the current best evidence on how to implement it in daily clinical practice. A comprehensive bleeding index is proposed for evaluating and monitoring peri-implant conditions. BOP should be used in addition to other parameters such as visual signs of inflammation, probing depth, and progressive bone loss before a peri-implant diagnosis is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himabindu Dukka
- Department of Periodontics, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY
| | - Muhammad H A Saleh
- Department of Periodontics, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY.,Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Andrea Ravidà
- Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Henry Greenwell
- Department of Periodontics, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
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90
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Badenes-Catalán J, Pallarés-Sabater A. Influence of Smoking on Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Radiofrequency Analysis of 194 Implants. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 47:110-117. [PMID: 32699886 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although many studies have related smoking to peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss, little is known of its potential impact on dental implant osseointegration. The present clinical study explores the influence of smoking on secondary stabilization based in radiofrequency analysis. A total of 194 implants in 114 patients were included. Implant stability was evaluated on the day of surgery and at a minimum of 90 days after implantation, when osseointegration is considered to have been completed. The evolution of implant stability was compared between 2 groups: smokers and nonsmokers. The following variables were also analyzed: implant brand and model, length, diameter, insertion torque, bone density according to the Misch classification, location of the implant, and patient age and gender. The results showed that smoking did not affect the primary stability of the implant, although it was associated with a marked decrease in secondary stability. The nonsmokers showed a gain of 2.69 points (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.529-3.865; P < .001) in the osseointegration process. However, in the smokers group, implant stability was seen to decrease 0.91 points (95% CI: -3.424 to 1.600; P < .004), generating a difference of 3.61 points between smokers and nonsmokers. Smoking is thus concluded to be an important factor that must be taken into account when seeking good implant osseointegration outcomes.
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91
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Cheung MC, Hopcraft MS, Darby IB. Dentists' preferences in implant maintenance and hygiene instruction. Aust Dent J 2021; 66:278-288. [PMID: 33538341 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the preferences of dentists in Australia in providing professional implant maintenance and implant-specific oral hygiene instructions (OHI). METHODS General dentists were surveyed online about their preferences in peri-implant diagnostics, maintenance provision, armamentarium used, and implant OHI techniques and frequency. RESULTS Most of the 303 respondents (96%) provided maintenance services; 87.6% reviewed implants regularly while 10.7% only performed diagnostics after detecting clinical signs/symptoms. Supragingival prosthesis cleaning was performed by 77.9% of respondents, 35.0% performed subgingival debridement, 41.9% treated peri-implant mucositis and 18.2% treated peri-implantitis. About 15% did not treat nor refer peri-implant disease, including significantly more non-implant providers and dentists without implant training. Maintenance armamentarium commonly included floss (76.3%), prophylaxis (73.9%), plastic curettes (43.3%) and stainless-steel ultrasonics (38.0%). Brushing (86.5%), flossing (73.9%) and interdental brush use (68.3%) were most commonly recommended. Implant OHI was repeated routinely by 57.4% of dentists who provided it. Dentists with greater implant training and experience were more likely to perform reviews and complex maintenance procedures. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implant diagnostics performed, treatments provided and armamentarium varied among dentists. Implant providers and those with higher levels of training had more preventative approaches to implant OHI. Possible shortcomings in disease management and OHI reinforcement were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Cheung
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M S Hopcraft
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - I B Darby
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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92
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Hentenaar DFM, De Waal YCM, Vissink A, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Meijer HJA, Liefers SC, Kroese FGM, Raghoebar GM. Biomarker levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid of healthy implants, untreated and non-surgically treated implants with peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:590-601. [PMID: 33454996 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare biomarker levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of healthy implants with levels in PICF of implants with peri-implantitis (before and after non-surgical treatment). MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples were taken from 20 healthy implants (n = 17 patients) and from 20 implants with peri-implantitis (n = 19 patients) before and 3 months after non-surgical treatment using the Airflow Master Piezon® (EMS). A Luminex™ assay was used to evaluate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and G-CSF, collagen degradation enzyme MMP-8, chemokines MCP-1 & MIP-1α/CCL3, bone markers OPG and sRANKL and interferon-γ. Clinical and radiographical characteristics were assessed. A Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank test analysed between- and within-group differences. RESULTS IL-1β and MMP-8 levels were found significantly elevated in implants with peri-implantitis (p = .007; p = <.001, respectively). No difference in levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1α/CCL3, OPG and G-CSF between healthy and diseased implants was found. Levels of sRANKL and INF-γ were under the level of detection. None of the biomarker levels improved after non-surgical therapy, and levels of IL-1β and MMP-8 remained high. CONCLUSION Implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis have higher levels of IL-1β and MMP-8 in PICF compared to healthy implants. Non-surgical therapy did not influence the inflammatory immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diederik F M Hentenaar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne C M De Waal
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Jan Van Winkelhoff
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henny J A Meijer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia C Liefers
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerry M Raghoebar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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93
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Sicilia A, Gallego L, Sicilia P, Mallo C, Cuesta S, Sanz M. Crestal bone loss associated with different implant surfaces in the posterior mandible in patients with a history of periodontitis. A retrospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:88-99. [PMID: 33210774 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To retrospectively assess the interproximal bone loss (CBL) in external hexagon implants (EHI), with different surface micro-topography, placed in the posterior mandible in patients with a history of periodontitis undergoing supportive periodontal care. MATERIAL AND METHODS 268 consecutive patients received 755 EHI implants in the mandibular molar region between 2007 and 2015 with the following surface characteristics: 72 turned, 145 hybrids (double acid-etched/turned), and 538 anodized. CBL was yearly evaluated by analysing calibrated digital periapical radiographs, with a follow-up of 1-6 years. Data on implant survival were also calculated. RESULTS At 6 years (53 patients), the mean CBL was 1.34/1.42 mm at patient/implant level, respectively (range: 0-5.2 mm). Significantly higher CBL was detected in anodized implants than in turned and hybrid implants (1.92/1.46/1.02 mm) (p < .01). The maximum CBL values were found in 2 anodized implants at 4 years (6.3 and 8.1 mm). CBL ≥2 mm was detected in 18% of implants at 3 years and 35% at 6 (p < 2.2 × 10-16 ), this prevalence being 2.6 times higher in the anodized than in the hybrid and turned group (40%/15.6%, p < .0094). At 6 years, 25 anodized implants presented CBL ≥3 mm (18%). 6 anodized implants (5 patients) were removed between 4 and 5 years. CONCLUSION A significant higher CBL was observed in anodized, compared to hybrid and turned implants, when placed in the mandibular molar region of periodontal patients, with a follow-up of 1 to 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Sicilia
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Clinic of Odontology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Gallego
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Clinic of Odontology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pelayo Sicilia
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Clinic of Odontology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carmen Mallo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Clinic of Odontology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Susana Cuesta
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Clinic of Odontology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Faculty of Odontology, ETEP Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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94
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Ozkan Karaca E, Tunar OL. In vitro evaluation of surface cleaning methods in two different implant defect angulations: a pilot study. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1905063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Ozkan Karaca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ogul Leman Tunar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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95
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Tur D, Giannis K, Unger E, Mittlböck M, Rausch-Fan X, Strbac GD. Thermal effects of various drill materials during implant site preparation-Ceramic vs. stainless steel drills: A comparative in vitro study in a standardised bovine bone model. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 32:154-166. [PMID: 33220104 PMCID: PMC7898889 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate thermal effects of ceramic and metal implant drills during implant site preparation using a standardised bovine model. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 320 automated intermittent osteotomies of 10- and 16-mm drilling depths were performed using zirconium dioxide-based and stainless steel drills. Various drill diameters (2.0/ 2.2, 2.8, 3.5, 4.2 mm ∅) and different cooling methods (without/ with external saline irrigation) were investigated at room temperature (21 ± 1°C). Temperature changes were recorded in real time using two custom-built multichannel thermoprobes in 1- and 2-mm distance to the osteotomy site. For comparisons, a linear mixed model was estimated. RESULTS Comparing thermal effects, significantly lower temperatures could be detected with steel-based drills in various drill diameters, regardless of drilling depth or irrigation method. Recorded temperatures for metal drills of all diameters and drilling depths using external irrigation were below the defined critical temperature threshold of 47°C, whereas ceramic drills of smaller diameters reached or exceeded the harmful temperature threshold at 16-mm drilling depths, regardless of whether irrigation was applied or not. The results of this study suggest that the highest temperature changes were not found at the deepest point of the osteotomy site but were observed at subcortical and deeper layers of bone, depending on drill material, drill diameter, drilling depth and irrigation method. CONCLUSIONS This standardised investigation revealed drill material and geometry to have a substantial impact on heat generation, as well as external irrigation, drilling depth and drill diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Tur
- Clinical Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Giannis
- Clinical Division Unit-Dentistry Training, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewald Unger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, AKH Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Mittlböck
- Section for Clinical Biometrics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Clinical Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg D Strbac
- Clinical Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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96
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Lu H, Yan X, Zhu B, Zhang L, Feng X, Piao M, Huang B, Wang X, Zhang H, Wang Q, Meng H. The occurrence of peri-implant mucositis associated with the shift of submucosal microbiome in patients with a history of periodontitis during the first two years. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 48:441-454. [PMID: 33617025 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the dynamic changes of peri-implant microbiome in patients with a history of periodontitis and to construct a microbial prediction model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prospective study was performed at one month (T1), one year (T2) and two years (T3) after restoration. Clinical examinations [probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration (SUP)], radiographic examinations and sample collection were conducted at three timepoints. Peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) was collected and analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to identify differences. RESULTS Totally, 168 subjects were assessed for eligibility. Twenty-two patients were recruited in the longitudinal study. Eventually, 67 PISF samples from 24 implants of 12 patients were collected and analysed. Peri-implant microbiome showed increasing diversity and complexity over time. Disease-associated genera Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema and Prevotella dramatically increased from T1 to T3. The prediction model for clinical suppuration at T1 showed a high accuracy of 90%. CONCLUSION The dysbiosis of peri-implant microbiome increased with time during the two-year observation in patients with a history of periodontitis. Genera of Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema and Prevotella were biomarkers of peri-implant mucositis. Microbiota at the early stage could predict subsequent microbial dysbiosis and clinical suppuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Feng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Muzi Piao
- Department of Periodontology, Second Dental Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxin Huang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiane Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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97
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Park SH, Kim OJ, Chung HJ, Kim OS. Effect of a Er, Cr:YSGG laser and a Er:YAG laser treatment on oral biofilm-contaminated titanium. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20200528. [PMID: 33263649 PMCID: PMC7714262 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implant surface decontamination is a challenging procedure for therapy of peri-implant disease. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of decontamination on oral biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces in Er:YAG laser, Er, Cr:YSGG laser, and plastic curette. METHODOLOGY For oral biofilms formation, six participants wore an acrylic splint with eight titanium discs in the maxillary arch for 72 hours. A total of 48 contaminated discs were distributed among four groups: untreated control; decontamination with plastic curettes; Er, Cr:YSGG laser; and Er:YAG laser irradiation. Complete plaque removal was estimated using naked-eye and the time taken was recorded; the residual plaque area was measured and the morphological alteration of the specimen surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The total bacterial load and the viability of adherent bacteria were quantified by live or dead cell labeling with fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS The mean treatment time significantly decreased based on the treatment used in the following order: Er:YAG, Er, Cr:YSGG laser, and plastic curettes (234.9±25.4 sec, 156.1±12.7 sec, and 126.4±18.6 sec, P=0.000). The mean RPA in the Er, Cr:YSGG laser group (7.0±2.5%) was lower than Er:YAG and plastic curettes groups (10.3±2.4%, 12.3±3.6%, p=0.023). The viable bacteria on the titanium surface after Er, Cr:YSGG laser irradiation was significantly lower compared to the decontamination with plastic curette (P=0.05) but it was not significantly different from the Er:YAG laser irradiation. CONCLUSION We found that Er:YAG laser and Er, Cr:YSGG laser irradiation were effective methods for decontaminations without surface alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Park
- Chonnam National University, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Periodontology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, National University, School of Dentistry Chonnam, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Chung
- Chonnam National University, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Periodontology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Su Kim
- Chonnam National University, School of Dentistry, Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, Department of Periodontology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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98
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Tallarico M, Baldini N, Gatti F, Martinolli M, Xhanari E, Meloni SM, Gabriele C, Immacolata LA. Role of New Hydrophilic Surfaces on Early Success Rate and Implant Stability: 1-Year Post-loading Results of a Multicenter, Split-Mouth, Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur J Dent 2020; 15:1-7. [PMID: 33242915 PMCID: PMC7902108 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare early implant failure and implant stability of one-stage Hiossen ET III implants with its new hydrophilic (NH) surface, compared with Hiossen ET III implants with the sandblasted and acid-etched (SA) surface at 1-year follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was designed as a split-mouth, multicenter randomized controlled trial aimed to compare SA surface implants (SA group) and NH surface, (NH group). Outcomes were implant and prosthetic survival rates, complications, the insertion torque at implant placement, and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients (mean age 59.9 ± 11.3 years) were treated and followed up to 1 year after loading. No patient dropped out. Fifty-eight implants (29 SA group and 29 NH group) were placed. No implants or prostheses failed and no complications were experienced during follow-up. The mean insertion torque was 40.5 ± 3.23 (38.17-41.83) Ncm in the SA group and 40.48 ± 3.49 (38.02-41.98) Ncm in the NH group (p = 0.981). There was a statistically significant difference at the second week (T2) with higher values in the NH group (p = 0.041). Similar results were found in the maxilla (p = 0.045), but not in the mandible (p = 0.362). A positive correlation was found between initial insertion torque and ISQ with higher value in the NH group (0.73 vs. 0.66). CONCLUSIONS NH implants are a viable alternative to SA surface, as they seem to avoid the ISQ drop during the bone remodeling phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fulvio Gatti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Oral Surgery, San Carlo and San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Erta Xhanari
- School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvio Mario Meloni
- Medical Surgical and Experimental Science Department, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cervino Gabriele
- Department of BIOMORF, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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99
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Ustaoğlu G, Erdal E. Relationship between risk markers for cardiovascular disease and peri-implant diseases. Int J Implant Dent 2020; 6:73. [PMID: 33236168 PMCID: PMC7686405 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this paper is to explore the serum biochemical parameters also known as risk markers for cardiovascular system, in individuals who have received dental implant treatment, and to reveal risk factors for peri-implant diseases. Methods The study included 58 subjects with peri-implantitis, 49 subjects with peri-implant mucositis, and 49 healthy subjects. All the subjects were assessed in terms of both peri-implant clinical parameters—probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), the type of prosthesis, gingival index (GI), keratinized mucosa width (KMW), and plaque index (PI)—and serum biochemical parameters (e.g., LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol, vitamin D, uric acid, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, hemoglobin (Hb), and platelet counts). Results KMW was the lowest in the peri-implantitis group. Compared with the other groups, the peri-implantitis group showed significantly higher levels of triglyceride, uric acid, and WBC. The peri-implantitis group had the lowest level of vitamin D. Triglyceride and uric acid levels had positive correlations with peri-implant clinical parameters. Conclusion High levels of triglyceride and uric acid may pose a risk for both peri-implant diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Prior to dental implant surgery, patients’ serum biochemical parameters should be checked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülbahar Ustaoğlu
- Dentistry Faculty, Department of Periodontology, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, 14300, Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Emrah Erdal
- Medical Faculty, Department of Cardiology, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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100
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Leitão-Almeida B, Camps-Font O, Correia A, Mir-Mari J, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E. Effect of crown to implant ratio and implantoplasty on the fracture resistance of narrow dental implants with marginal bone loss: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:329. [PMID: 33213442 PMCID: PMC7678153 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peri-implantitis is a biological complication that affects soft and hard tissues around dental implants. Implantoplasty (IP) polishes the exposed implant surface, to decontaminate it and make it less prone to bacterial colonization. This study investigates whether a higher clinical crown-to-implant-ratio (CIR) reduces implant fracture resistance and whether implants are more fracture-prone after IP in the presence of 50% of bone loss.
Methods Forty-eight narrow platform (3.5 mm) 15 mm long titanium dental implants with a rough surface and hexagonal external connection were placed in standardized bone-like resin casts leaving 7.5 mm exposed. Half were selected for IP. The IP and control groups were each divided into 3 subgroups with different clinical CIRs (2:1, 2.5:1 and 3:1). The implant wall width measurements were calculated using the software ImageJ v.1.51 through the analysis of plain x-ray examination of all the samples using standardized mounts. A fracture test was performed and scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate maximum compression force (Fmax) and implant fractures. Results IP significantly reduced the implant wall width (P < 0.001) in all reference points of each subgroup. Fmax was significantly higher in the 2:1 subgroup (control = 1276.16 N ± 169.75; IP = 1211.70 N ± 281.64) compared with the 2.5:1 (control = 815.22 N ± 185.58, P < 0.001; IP = 621.68 N ± 186.28, P < 0.001) and the 3:1 subgroup (control = 606.55 N ± 111.48, P < 0.001; IP = 465.95 N ± 68.57, P < 0.001). Only the 2.5:1 subgroup showed a significant reduction (P = 0.037) of the Fmax between the controls and the IP implants. Most fractures were located in the platform area. Only 5 implants with IP of the 2:1 CIR subgroup had a different fracture location (4 fractures in the implant body and 1 in the prosthetic screw). Conclusions IP significantly reduces the fracture resistance of implants with a 2.5:1 CIR. The results also suggest that the CIR seems to be a more relevant variable when considering the resistance to fracture of implants, since significant reductions were observed when unfavorable CIR subgroups (2.5:1 and 3:1 CIR) were compared with the 2:1 CIR samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Leitão-Almeida
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Center for Inter-Disciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Estrada da Circunvalação, 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal.
| | - Octavi Camps-Font
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - André Correia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Center for Inter-Disciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Estrada da Circunvalação, 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Javier Mir-Mari
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Figueiredo
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Valmaseda-Castellón
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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