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Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in South America: Their Diversity in Past, Present and Future Research. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-15228-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Overview of the Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-15228-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Corrales A, Henkel TW, Smith ME. Ectomycorrhizal associations in the tropics - biogeography, diversity patterns and ecosystem roles. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:1076-1091. [PMID: 29689121 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 1076 I. Introduction 1076 II. Historical overview 1077 III. Identities and distributions of tropical ectomycorrhizal plants 1077 IV. Dominance of tropical forests by ECM trees 1078 V. Biogeography of tropical ECM fungi 1081 VI. Beta diversity patterns in tropical ECM fungal communities 1082 VII. Conclusions and future research 1086 Acknowledgements 1087 References 1087 SUMMARY: Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations were historically considered rare or absent from tropical ecosystems. Although most tropical forests are dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees, ECM associations are widespread and found in all tropical regions. Here, we highlight emerging patterns of ECM biogeography, diversity and ecosystem functions, identify knowledge gaps, and offer direction for future research. At the continental and regional scales, tropical ECM systems are highly diverse and vary widely in ECM plant and fungal abundance, diversity, composition and phylogenetic affinities. We found strong regional differences among the dominant host plant families, suggesting that biogeographical factors strongly influence tropical ECM symbioses. Both ECM plants and fungi also exhibit strong turnover along altitudinal and soil fertility gradients, suggesting niche differentiation among taxa. Ectomycorrhizal fungi are often more abundant and diverse in sites with nutrient-poor soils, suggesting that ECM associations can optimize plant nutrition and may contribute to the maintenance of tropical monodominant forests. More research is needed to elucidate the diversity patterns of ECM fungi and plants in the tropics and to clarify the role of this symbiosis in nutrient and carbon cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Corrales
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, 95521, USA
| | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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San-Fabian B, Niskanen T, Liimatainen K, Kooij PW, Mujic AB, Truong C, Peintner U, Dresch P, Nouhra E, Matheny PB, Smith ME. New species of Cortinarius sect. Austroamericani, sect. nov., from South American Nothofagaceae forests. Mycologia 2018; 110:1127-1144. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1515449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz San-Fabian
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Tuula Niskanen
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Kare Liimatainen
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Pepijn W. Kooij
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Alija B. Mujic
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Camille Truong
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Institute of Microbiology, University Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Dresch
- Institute of Microbiology, University Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eduardo Nouhra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P. Brandon Matheny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 334 Hesler Biology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Matthew E. Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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Matheny PB, Swenie RA, Miller AN, Petersen RH, Hughes KW. Revision of pyrophilous taxa of Pholiota described from North America reveals four species—P. brunnescens, P. castanea, P. highlandensis, and P. molesta. Mycologia 2018; 110:997-1016. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1516960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Brandon Matheny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Dabney 569, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1610
| | - Rachel A. Swenie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Dabney 569, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1610
| | - Andrew N. Miller
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820
| | - Ronald H. Petersen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Dabney 569, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1610
| | - Karen W. Hughes
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Dabney 569, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1610
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Qian X, Chen L, Guo X, He D, Shi M, Zhang D. Shifts in community composition and co-occurrence patterns of phyllosphere fungi inhabiting Mussaenda shikokiana along an elevation gradient. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5767. [PMID: 30345176 PMCID: PMC6187995 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The altitudinal effects on the distributions of phyllosphere fungal assemblages in conspecific plants remain poorly elucidated. To address this, phyllosphere fungal communities associated with Mussaenda shikokiana were investigated at four sites across a 350 m elevation gradient in a subtropical forest by employing Illumina metabarcoding of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region. Our results demonstrated that phyllosphere fungal assemblages with a single host possessed high taxonomic diversity and multiple trophic guilds. OTU richness was significantly influenced by elevation. The elevation gradient also entailed distinct shifts in the community composition of phyllosphere fungi, which was significantly related to geographical distance and mean annual temperature (MAT). Additionally, comparison of phyllosphere fungal networks showed reduced connectivity with increasing elevation. Our data provide insights on the distribution and interactions of the phyllosphere fungal community associated with a single host along a short elevation gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan He
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaomiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dianxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wijayawardene NN, Pawłowska J, Letcher PM, Kirk PM, Humber RA, Schüßler A, Wrzosek M, Muszewska A, Okrasińska A, Istel Ł, Gęsiorska A, Mungai P, Lateef AA, Rajeshkumar KC, Singh RV, Radek R, Walther G, Wagner L, Walker C, Wijesundara DSA, Papizadeh M, Dolatabadi S, Shenoy BD, Tokarev YS, Lumyong S, Hyde KD. Notes for genera: basal clades of Fungi (including Aphelidiomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota). FUNGAL DIVERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-018-0409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Argüelles-Moyao A, Garibay-Orijel R. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in high mountain conifer forests in central Mexico and their potential use in the assisted migration of Abies religiosa. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:509-521. [PMID: 29948411 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-018-0841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Abies religiosa forests in central Mexico are the only overwinter refuge of the monarch butterfly and provide important ecosystem services. These forests have lost 55% of their original area and as a consequence, diversity and biotic interactions in these ecosystems are in risk. The aim of this study was to compare the soil fungal diversity and community structure in the Abies religiosa forests and surrounding Pinus montezumae, Pinus hartwegii, and coniferous mixed forest plant communities to provide data on ecology of mycorrhizal interactions for the assisted migration of A. religiosa. We sampled soil from five coniferous forests, extracted total soil DNA, and sequenced the ITS2 region by Illumina MiSeq. The soil fungi community was integrated by 1746 taxa with a species turnover ranging from 0.280 to 0.461 between sampling sites. In the whole community, the more abundant and frequent species were Russula sp. (aff. olivobrunnea), Mortierella sp.1, and Piloderma sp. (aff. olivacearum). The ectomycorrhizal fungi were the more frequent and abundant functional group. A total of 298 species (84 ectomycorrhizal) was shared in the five conifer forests; these widely distributed species were dominated by Russulaceae and Clavulinaceae. The fungal community composition was significantly influenced by altitude and the lowest species turnover happened between the two A. religiosa forests even though they have different soil types. As Pinus montezumae forests have a higher altitudinal distribution adjacent to A. religiosa and share the largest number of ectomycorrhizal fungi with it, we suggest these forests as a potential habitat for new A. religiosa populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Argüelles-Moyao
- Laboratorio de Sistemática, Ecología y Aprovechamiento de Hongos Ectomicorrízicos, Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Del. Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Unidad de Posgrado, Circuito de Posgrados, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Roberto Garibay-Orijel
- Laboratorio de Sistemática, Ecología y Aprovechamiento de Hongos Ectomicorrízicos, Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Del. Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico.
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Tanney JB, Seifert KA. Pileospora piceae gen. et sp. nov. (Septorioideaceae, Botryosphaeriales) from Picea rubens. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hewitt RE, Taylor DL, Hollingsworth TN, Anderson CB, Martínez Pastur G. Variable retention harvesting influences belowground plant-fungal interactions of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings in forests of southern Patagonia. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5008. [PMID: 30002952 PMCID: PMC6037133 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The post-harvest recovery and sustained productivity of Nothofagus pumilio forests in Tierra del Fuego may be affected by the abundance and composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). Timber harvesting alters EMF community structure in many managed forests, but the impacts of harvesting can vary with the management strategy. The implementation of variable retention (VR) management can maintain, increase, or decrease the diversity of many species, but the effects of VR on EMF in the forests of southern Patagonia have not been studied, nor has the role of EMF in the regeneration process of these forests. METHODS We evaluated the effects of VR management on the EMF community associated with N. pumilio seedlings. We quantified the abundance, composition, and diversity of EMF across aggregate (AR) and dispersed (DR) retention sites within VR managed areas, and compared them to primary forest (PF) unmanaged stands. EMF assemblage and taxonomic identities were determined by ITS-rDNA sequencing of individual root tips sampled from 280 seedlings across three landscape replicates. To better understand seedling performance, we tested the relationships between EMF colonization, EMF taxonomic composition, seedling biomass, and VR treatment. RESULTS The majority of EMF taxa were Basidiomycota belonging to the families Cortinariaceae (n = 29), Inocybaceae (n = 16), and Thelephoraceae (n = 8), which was in agreement with other studies of EMF diversity in Nothofagus forests. EMF richness and colonization was reduced in DR compared to AR and PF. Furthermore, EMF community composition was similar between AR and PF, but differed from the composition in DR. EMF community composition was correlated with seedling biomass and soil moisture. The presence of Peziza depressa was associated with higher seedling biomass and greater soil moisture, while Inocybe fibrillosibrunnea and Cortinarius amoenus were associated with reduced seedling biomass and lower soil moisture. Seedling biomass was more strongly related to retention type than EMF colonization, richness, or composition. DISCUSSION Our results demonstrate reduced EMF attributes and altered composition in VR treatments relative to PF stands, with stronger impacts in DR compared to AR. This suggests that VR has the potential to improve the conservation status of managed stands by supporting native EMF in AR. Our results also demonstrate the complex linkages between retention treatments, fungal community composition, and tree growth at individual and stand scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Hewitt
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States of America
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska—Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | - Donald Lee Taylor
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska—Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Teresa N. Hollingsworth
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit, US Forest Service, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | - Christopher B. Anderson
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (ICPA), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego (UNTDF), Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Martínez Pastur
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
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Mahiques R, Ballarà J, Salom JC, Bellanger JM, Garrido-Benavent I. Morphogenetic diversity of the ectomycorrhizal genus Cortinarius section Calochroi in the Iberian Peninsula. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
The question of how many species of Fungi there are has occasioned much speculation, with figures mostly posited from around half a million to 10 million, and in one extreme case even a sizable portion of the spectacular number of 1 trillion. Here we examine new evidence from various sources to derive an updated estimate of global fungal diversity. The rates and patterns in the description of new species from the 1750s show no sign of approaching an asymptote and even accelerated in the 2010s after the advent of molecular approaches to species delimitation. Species recognition studies of (semi-)cryptic species hidden in morpho-species complexes suggest a weighted average ratio of about an order of magnitude for the number of species recognized after and before such studies. New evidence also comes from extrapolations of plant:fungus ratios, with information now being generated from environmental sequence studies, including comparisons of molecular and fieldwork data from the same sites. We further draw attention to undescribed species awaiting discovery in biodiversity hot spots in the tropics, little-explored habitats (such as lichen-inhabiting fungi), and material in collections awaiting study. We conclude that the commonly cited estimate of 1.5 million species is conservative and that the actual range is properly estimated at 2.2 to 3.8 million. With 120,000 currently accepted species, it appears that at best just 8%, and in the worst case scenario just 3%, are named so far. Improved estimates hinge particularly on reliable statistical and phylogenetic approaches to analyze the rapidly increasing amount of environmental sequence data.
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Haelewaters D, Dirks AC, Kappler LA, Mitchell JK, Quijada L, Vandegrift R, Buyck B, Pfister DH. A Preliminary Checklist of Fungi at the Boston Harbor Islands. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2018. [DOI: 10.1656/045.025.s904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Haelewaters
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Alden C. Dirks
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Lara A. Kappler
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - James K. Mitchell
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Luis Quijada
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Roo Vandegrift
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution. 335 Pacific Hall, 5289 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-5289
| | - Bart Buyck
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, CP 39, ISYEB, UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, 12 Rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Donald H. Pfister
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138
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Cline LC, Song Z, Al-Ghalith GA, Knights D, Kennedy PG. Moving beyond de novo clustering in fungal community ecology. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 216:629-634. [PMID: 28782807 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Cline
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Zewei Song
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Gabriel A Al-Ghalith
- Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Dan Knights
- Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Peter G Kennedy
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Desirò A, Rimington WR, Jacob A, Pol NV, Smith ME, Trappe JM, Bidartondo MI, Bonito G. Multigene phylogeny of Endogonales, an early diverging lineage of fungi associated with plants. IMA Fungus 2017; 8:245-257. [PMID: 29242774 PMCID: PMC5729711 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2017.08.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogonales is a lineage of early diverging fungi within Mucoromycota. Many species in this order produce small sporophores (“sporocarps”) containing a large number of zygospores, and many species form symbioses with plants. However, due to limited collections, subtle morphological differentiation, difficulties in growing these organisms in vitro, and idiosyncrasies in their rDNA that make PCR amplification difficult, the systematics and character evolution of these fungi have been challenging to resolve. To overcome these challenges we generated a multigene phylogeny of Endogonales using sporophores collected over the past three decades from four continents. Our results show that Endogonales harbour significant undescribed diversity and form two deeply divergent and well-supported phylogenetic clades, which we delimit as the families Endogonaceae and Densosporaceae fam. nov. The family Densosporaceae consists of the genus Densospora,Sphaerocreas pubescens, and many diverse lineages known only from environmental DNA sequences of plant-endosymbiotic fungi. Within Endogonaceae there are two clades. One corresponds to Endogone and includes the type species, E. pisiformis. Species of Endogone are characterized by above- and below-ground sporophores, a hollow and infolded sporophore form, a loose zygosporangial hyphal mantle, homogeneous gametangia, and an enigmatic trophic mode with no evidence of ectomycorrhizal association for most species. For the other clade we introduce a new generic name, Jimgerdemannia gen. nov. Members of that genus (J. flammicorona and J. lactiflua species complexes, and an undescribed species) are characterized by hypogeous sporophores with a solid gleba, a well-developed zygosporangial hyphal mantle, heterogeneous gametangia, and an ectomycorrhizal trophic mode. Future studies on Densosporaceae and Endogonaceae will be important for understanding fungal innovations including evolution of macroscopic sporophores and symbioses with plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Desirò
- Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Alison Jacob
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Natalie Vande Pol
- Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - James M Trappe
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Martin I Bidartondo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Gregory Bonito
- Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Torres-Cruz TJ, Billingsley Tobias TL, Almatruk M, Hesse CN, Kuske CR, Desirò A, Benucci GMN, Bonito G, Stajich JE, Dunlap C, Arnold AE, Porras-Alfaro A. Bifiguratus adelaidae, gen. et sp. nov., a new member of Mucoromycotina in endophytic and soil-dwelling habitats. Mycologia 2017; 109:363-378. [PMID: 28876195 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1364958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Illumina amplicon sequencing of soil in a temperate pine forest in the southeastern United States detected an abundant, nitrogen (N)-responsive fungal genotype of unknown phylogenetic affiliation. Two isolates with ribosomal sequences consistent with that genotype were subsequently obtained. Examination of records in GenBank revealed that a genetically similar fungus had been isolated previously as an endophyte of moss in a pine forest in the southwestern United States. The three isolates were characterized using morphological, genomic, and multilocus molecular data (18S, internal transcribed spacer [ITS], and 28S rRNA sequences). Phylogenetic and maximum likelihood phylogenomic reconstructions revealed that the taxon represents a novel lineage in Mucoromycotina, only preceded by Calcarisporiella, the earliest diverging lineage in the subphylum. Sequences for the novel taxon are frequently detected in environmental sequencing studies, and it is currently part of UNITE's dynamic list of most wanted fungi. The fungus is dimorphic, grows best at room temperature, and is associated with a wide variety of bacteria. Here, a new monotypic genus, Bifiguratus, is proposed, typified by Bifiguratus adelaidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry J Torres-Cruz
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Western Illinois University , Macomb , Illinois 61455
| | | | - Maryam Almatruk
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Western Illinois University , Macomb , Illinois 61455
| | - Cedar N Hesse
- b Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545
| | - Cheryl R Kuske
- b Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545
| | - Alessandro Desirò
- c Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824
| | - Gian Maria Niccolò Benucci
- c Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824
| | - Gregory Bonito
- c Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824
| | - Jason E Stajich
- d Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology , University of California , Riverside , California 92521
| | - Christopher Dunlap
- e National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Peoria , Illinois 61604
| | - A Elizabeth Arnold
- f School of Plant Sciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721
| | - Andrea Porras-Alfaro
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Western Illinois University , Macomb , Illinois 61455
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Truong C, Sánchez-Ramírez S, Kuhar F, Kaplan Z, Smith ME. The Gondwanan connection - Southern temperate Amanita lineages and the description of the first sequestrate species from the Americas. Fungal Biol 2017; 121:638-651. [PMID: 28705393 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Amanita is a diverse and cosmopolitan genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi. We describe Amanita nouhrae sp. nov., a new hypogeous ('truffle-like') species associated with Nothofagus antarctica in northern Patagonia. This constitutes the first report of a sequestrate Amanita from the Americas. Thick-walled basidiospores ornamented on the interior spore wall ('crassospores') were observed consistently in A. nouhrae and its sister epigeous taxon Amanita morenoi, a rarely collected but apparently common species from northern Patagonia that has sometimes been misidentified as the Australian taxon Amanita umbrinella. Nuclear 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA and mitochondrial 16S and 26S DNA placed these two species in a southern temperate clade within subgenus Amanita, together with other South American and Australian species. Based on a dated genus-level phylogeny, we estimate that the southern temperate clade may have originated near the Eocene/Oligocene boundary (ca. 35 Ma ± 10 Ma). This date suggests a broadly distributed ancestor in the Southern Hemisphere, which probably diversified as a result of continental drift, as well as the initiation of the Antarctic glaciation. By comparison, we show that this clade follows an exceptional biogeographic pattern within a genus otherwise seemingly dominated by Northern Hemisphere dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Truong
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, 2523 Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA.
| | - Santiago Sánchez-Ramírez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, ON, M5S 2C6, Canada
| | - Francisco Kuhar
- Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico (CONICET), Ruta 259, Km 4, Esquel 9200, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Zachary Kaplan
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, 2523 Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA
| | - Matthew E Smith
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, 2523 Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA
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Roy M, Vasco-Palacios A, Geml J, Buyck B, Delgat L, Giachini A, Grebenc T, Harrower E, Kuhar F, Magnago A, Rinaldi AC, Schimann H, Selosse MA, Sulzbacher MA, Wartchow F, Neves MA. The (re)discovery of ectomycorrhizal symbioses in Neotropical ecosystems sketched in Florianópolis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:920-923. [PMID: 28397362 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Roy
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier - CNRS, UMR5174 UPS CNRS ENFA IRD, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Aida Vasco-Palacios
- Fundación Biodiversa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- TEHO University of Antioquia, Medellín, 111311, Colombia
| | - József Geml
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Buyck
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, CP 39, ISYEB, UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, 12 Rue Buffon, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Lynn Delgat
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, L10, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Admir Giachini
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Tine Grebenc
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emma Harrower
- University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Francisco Kuhar
- Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico - CONICET, Esquel, 9200, Argentina
| | - Altielys Magnago
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Andrea C Rinaldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Heidy Schimann
- INRA UMR Ecology of Guiana Forests (AgroParisTech, CNRS, CIRAD, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), F-97310, Kourou, Guyane, France
| | - Marc-André Selosse
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, CP 39, ISYEB, UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, 12 Rue Buffon, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Marcelo Aloisio Sulzbacher
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Wartchow
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia/CCEN, Laboratório de Morfo-Taxonomia Fúngica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Maria-Alice Neves
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
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Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Lineages: Detection of Four New Groups and Notes on Consistent Recognition of Ectomycorrhizal Taxa in High-Throughput Sequencing Studies. BIOGEOGRAPHY OF MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56363-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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