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Lucena C, Porras R, García MJ, Alcántara E, Pérez-Vicente R, Zamarreño ÁM, Bacaicoa E, García-Mina JM, Smith AP, Romera FJ. Ethylene and Phloem Signals Are Involved in the Regulation of Responses to Fe and P Deficiencies in Roots of Strategy I Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1237. [PMID: 31649701 PMCID: PMC6795750 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) are two essential mineral nutrients whose acquisition by plants presents important environmental and economic implications. Both elements are abundant in most soils but scarcely available to plants. To prevent Fe or P deficiency dicot plants initiate morphological and physiological responses in their roots aimed to specifically acquire these elements. The existence of common signals in Fe and P deficiency pathways suggests the signaling factors must act in conjunction with distinct nutrient-specific signals in order to confer tolerance to each deficiency. Previous works have shown the existence of cross talk between responses to Fe and P deficiency, but details of the associated signaling pathways remain unclear. Herein, the impact of foliar application of either P or Fe on P and Fe responses was studied in P- or Fe-deficient plants of Arabidopsis thaliana, including mutants exhibiting altered Fe or P homeostasis. Ferric reductase and acid phosphatase activities in roots were determined as well as the expression of genes related to P and Fe acquisition. The results obtained showed that Fe deficiency induces the expression of P acquisition genes and phosphatase activity, whereas P deficiency induces the expression of Fe acquisition genes and ferric reductase activity, although only transitorily. Importantly, these responses were reversed upon foliar application of either Fe or P on nutrient-starved plants. Taken together, the results reveal interactions between P- and Fe-related phloem signals originating in the shoots that likely interact with hormones in the roots to initiate adaptive mechanisms to tolerate deficiency of each nutrient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lucena
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - María J. García
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esteban Alcántara
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángel M. Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (Navarra), Spain
| | - Eva Bacaicoa
- Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (Navarra), Spain
| | - José M. García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona (Navarra), Spain
| | - Aaron P. Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Francisco J. Romera
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Li C, Zhou J, Wang X, Liao H. A purple acid phosphatase, GmPAP33, participates in arbuscule degeneration during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in soybean. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2015-2027. [PMID: 30730567 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscules are the central structures of the symbiotic association between terrestrial plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. However, arbuscules are also ephemeral structures, and following development, these structures are soon digested and ultimately disappear. Currently, little is known regarding the mechanism underlying the digestion of senescent arbuscules. Here, biochemical and functional analyses were integrated to test the hypothesis that a purple acid phosphatase, GmPAP33, controls the hydrolysis of phospholipids during arbuscule degeneration. The expression of GmPAP33 was enhanced by AM fungal inoculation independent of the P conditions in soybean roots. Promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter assays revealed that the expression of GmPAP33 was mainly localized to arbuscule-containing cells during symbiosis. The recombinant GmPAP33 exhibited high hydrolytic activity towards phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidic acid. Furthermore, soybean plants overexpressing GmPAP33 exhibited increased percentages of large arbuscules and improved yield and P content compared with wild-type plants when inoculated with AM fungi. Mycorrhizal RNAi plants had high phospholipid levels and a large percentage of small arbuscules. These results in combination with the subcellular localization of GmPAP33 at the plasma membrane indicate that GmPAP33 participates in arbuscule degeneration during AM symbiosis via involvement in phospholipid hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Yin C, Wang F, Fan H, Fang Y, Li W. Identification of Tea Plant Purple Acid Phosphatase Genes and Their Expression Responses to Excess Iron. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081954. [PMID: 31010077 PMCID: PMC6515233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) encoding genes are a multigene family. PAPs require iron (Fe) to exert their functions that are involved in diverse biological roles including Fe homeostasis. However, the possible roles of PAPs in response to excess Fe remain unknown. In this study, we attempted to understand the regulation of PAPs by excess Fe in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). A genome-wide investigation of PAP encoding genes identified 19 CsPAP members based on the conserved motifs. The phylogenetic analysis showed that PAPs could be clustered into four groups, of which group II contained two specific cysteine-containing motifs “GGECGV” and “YERTC”. To explore the expression patterns of CsPAP genes in response to excessive Fe supply, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses were performed to compare their transcript abundances between tea plants that are grown under normal and high iron conditions, respectively. 17 members were shown to be transcribed in both roots and leaves. When supplied with a high amount of iron, the expression levels of four genes were significantly changed. Of which, CsPAP15a, CsPAP23 and CsPAP27c were shown as downregulated, while the highly expressed CsPAP10a was upregulated. Moreover, CsPAP23 was found to be alternatively spliced, suggesting its post-transcriptional regulation. The present work implicates that some CsPAP genes could be associated with the responses of tea plants to the iron regime, which may offer a new direction towards a further understanding of iron homeostasis and provide the potential approaches for crop improvement in terms of iron biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyan Yin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Huiqin Fan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Mehra P, Pandey BK, Verma L, Giri J. A novel glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase improves phosphate deficiency tolerance in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1167-1179. [PMID: 30307043 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil phosphate (Pi) deficiency is major constraint for rice cultivation worldwide. Cellular membranes account for one third of cellular organic phosphorus (P) in the form of phospholipids. Therefore, remobilization of Pi from membrane phospholipids under Pi deficiency can be an important strategy to improve phosphorus use efficiency. Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases (GDPDs) hydrolyse intermediate product of phospholipid catabolism, glycerophosphodiesters to glycerol-3-phosphate, a precursor for P and non P-lipid biosynthesis. Here, we show that OsGDPD2 is a Pi deficiency responsive gene, which is transcriptionally regulated by OsPHR2. In silico analysis of active site residues and enzymatic assays confirmed phosphodiesterase activity of OsGDPD2. All overexpression lines showed higher GDPD activity, Pi content, root growth, and biomass accumulation as compared with wild type. Conversely, silencing of OsGDPD2 led to decreased GDPD activity and Pi content. Notably, most of the P-containing metabolites and fatty acids were elevated in transgenic lines. Further, quantitative analysis of polar lipids revealed higher accumulation of several classes of phospholipids and galactolipids in overexpression lines indicating a potential role of OsGDPD2 in de novo glycerolipid biosynthesis. Thus, present study provides insights into novel physiological roles of OsGDPD2 in low Pi acclimation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Mehra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Bipin K Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Lokesh Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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Yu T, Liu C, Lu X, Bai Y, Zhou L, Cai Y. ZmAPRG, an uncharacterized gene, enhances acid phosphatase activity and Pi concentration in maize leaf during phosphate starvation. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1035-1048. [PMID: 30523354 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An uncharacterized gene, ZmAPRG, isolated by map-based cloning, enhances acid phosphatase activity and phosphate concentration in maize leaf during phosphate starvation. Acid phosphatase (APase) plays important roles in the absorption and utilization of phosphate (Pi) during maize growth. The information on genes regulating the acid phosphatase activity (APA) in maize leaves remains obscured. In a previous study, we delimited the quantitative trait locus, QTL-AP9 for APA to a region of about 546 kb. Here, we demonstrate that the GRMZM2G041022 located in the 546 kb region is a novel acid phosphatase-regulating gene (ZmAPRG). Its overexpression significantly increased the APA and Pi concentration in maize and rice leaves. Subcellular localization of ZmAPRG showed that it was anchored on the plasma and nuclear membrane. The transcriptome analysis of maize ZmAPRG overexpressing lines (ZmAPRG OE) revealed 1287 up-regulated and 392 down-regulated genes. Among these, we found APase, protein phosphatase, and phosphate transporter genes, which are known to be implicated in the metabolism and utilization of Pi. We inferred the ZmAPRG functions as an upstream regulation node, directly or indirectly regulating APases, protein phosphatases, and phosphate transporter genes involved in Pi metabolism and utilization in maize. These findings will pave the way for elucidating the mechanism of APase regulation, absorption and utilization of Pi, and would facilitate maize breeding for efficient use of fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Maize Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chaoxian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Maize Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Maize Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Maize Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Maize Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yilin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Maize Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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56
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Ajmera I, Hodgman TC, Lu C. An Integrative Systems Perspective on Plant Phosphate Research. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E139. [PMID: 30781872 PMCID: PMC6410211 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The case for improving crop phosphorus-use-efficiency is widely recognized. Although much is known about the molecular and regulatory mechanisms, improvements have been hampered by the extreme complexity of phosphorus (P) dynamics, which involves soil chemistry; plant-soil interactions; uptake, transport, utilization and remobilization within plants; and agricultural practices. The urgency and direction of phosphate research is also dependent upon the finite sources of P, availability of stocks to farmers and reducing environmental hazards. This work introduces integrative systems approaches as a way to represent and understand this complexity, so that meaningful links can be established between genotype, environment, crop traits and yield. It aims to provide a large set of pointers to potential genes and research practice, with a view to encouraging members of the plant-phosphate research community to adopt such approaches so that, together, we can aid efforts in global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Ajmera
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - T Charlie Hodgman
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Chungui Lu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG25 0 QF, UK.
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57
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Li D, Zhang T, Wang M, Liu Y, Brestic M, Chen THH, Yang X. Genetic Engineering of the Biosynthesis of Glycine Betaine Modulates Phosphate Homeostasis by Regulating Phosphate Acquisition in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 9:1995. [PMID: 30687378 PMCID: PMC6335352 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycine betaine (GB), as a putative compatible substance, protects plants against the damaging effects of abiotic stresses. Phosphorus deficiency is one type of abiotic stress that is detrimental to plant growth. Maintenance of phosphate (Pi) homeostasis is crucial. This study demonstrates GB-regulated phosphate homeostasis in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. 'Moneymaker') transformed with the choline oxidase gene codA from Arthrobacter globiformis. The codA-transgenic lines displayed more resistance to low-phosphate stress. The data revealed that the wild-type plants were stunted and consistently retained less Pi than transgenic lines, especially when grown under low-phosphate conditions. This difference in Pi retention was attributable to the enhanced Pi uptake ability in the transgenic lines. The transgenic plants translocated more Pi into the plant cell due to the enhanced enzymatic activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase and increased Pi/H+ co-transport, which improved Pi uptake. The differential expression of 'PHO regulon' genes further maintained intracellular Pi homeostasis. Furthermore, GB maintained a higher photosynthesis rate, thus increasing the production and translocation of sucrose via phloem loading to enhance plant response to low-phosphate stress. We conclude that GB mediates Pi uptake and translocation by regulating physiological and biochemical processes that promote adaptation to environmental changes in Pi availability. These processes eventually lead to better growth and development of the codA-transgenic lines. This finding will help to further elucidate the signaling mechanism of how GB perceives and transmits low-phosphate signals to alleviate Pi nutritional stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxing Li
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Tianpeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Mengwei Wang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Tony H. H. Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Xinghong Yang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
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Liu P, Cai Z, Chen Z, Mo X, Ding X, Liang C, Liu G, Tian J. A root-associated purple acid phosphatase, SgPAP23, mediates extracellular phytate-P utilization in Stylosanthes guianensis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2821-2834. [PMID: 30066375 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As a major component of soil organic phosphorus (P), phytate-P is unavailable to plants unless hydrolysed by phytase to release inorganic phosphate. However, knowledge on natural variation in root-associated phytase activity and its underlying molecular mechanisms in plants remains fragmentary. In this study, variations in root internal and associated phytase activity were observed among 39 genotypes of Stylosanthes guianensis (Stylo), which is well adapted to acid soils. Furthermore, TPRC2001-1, the genotype with the highest root-associated phytase activity, was more capable of utilizing extracellular phytate-P than Fine-stem, the genotype with the lowest root-associated phytase activity. After protein liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, a purple acid phosphatase (PAP), SgPAP23, was identified and cloned from TPRC2001-1. SgPAP23 exhibited high activity against phytate-P and was mainly localized on the plasma membrane. Furthermore, SgPAP23 overexpression resulted in significant increases of root-associated phytase activity and thus facilitated extracellular phytate-P utilization in both bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) hairy roots and Arabidopsis thaliana. The results herein support the conclusion that SgPAP23 is a primary contributor to the superior extracellular phytate-P utilization in stylo and thus is used to develop cultivars with efficient extracellular phytate-P utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandao Liu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Hainan, China
| | - Zefei Cai
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaohui Mo
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xipeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Hainan, China
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Hainan, China
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
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Poli Y, Nallamothu V, Balakrishnan D, Ramesh P, Desiraju S, Mangrauthia SK, Voleti SR, Neelamraju S. Increased Catalase Activity and Maintenance of Photosystem II Distinguishes High-Yield Mutants From Low-Yield Mutants of Rice var. Nagina22 Under Low-Phosphorus Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1543. [PMID: 30510556 PMCID: PMC6252357 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An upland rice variety, Nagina22 (N22) and its 137 ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutants, along with a sensitive variety, Jaya, was screened both in low phosphorus (P) field (Olsen P 1.8) and in normal field (Olsen P 24) during dry season. Based on the grain yield (YLD) of plants in normal field and plants in low P field, 27 gain of function (high-YLD represented as hy) and 9 loss of function (low-YLD represented as ly) mutants were selected and compared with N22 for physiological and genotyping studies. In low P field, hy mutants showed higher P concentration in roots, leaves, grains, and in the whole plant than in ly mutants at harvest. In low P conditions, F v/F m and qN were 24% higher in hy mutants than in ly mutants. In comparison with ly mutants, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the roots and leaves of hy mutants in low P fields was 9% and 41% higher at the vegetative stage, respectively, but 51% and 14% lower in the roots and leaves at the reproductive stage, respectively. However, in comparison with ly mutants, the catalase (CAT) activity in the roots and leaves of hy mutants in low P fields was 35% higher at the vegetative stage and 15% and 17% higher at the reproductive stage, respectively. Similarly, hy mutants in low P field showed 20% and 80% higher peroxidase (POD) activity in the roots and leaves at the vegetative stage, respectively, but showed 14% and 16% lower POD activity at the reproductive stage in the roots and leaves, respectively. Marker trait association analysis using 48 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 10 Pup1 gene markers showed that RM3648 and RM451 in chromosome 4 were significantly associated with grain YLD, tiller number (TN), SOD, and POD activities in both the roots and leaves in low P conditions only. Similarly, RM3334 and RM6300 in chromosome 5 were associated with CAT activity in leaves in low P conditions. Notably, grain YLD was positively and significantly correlated with CAT activity in the roots and shoots, F v/F m and qN in low P conditions, and the shoots' P concentration and qN in normal conditions. Furthermore, CAT activity in shoots was positively and significantly correlated with TN in both low P and normal conditions. Thus, chromosomal regions and physiological traits that have a role in imparting tolerance to low P in the field were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugandhar Poli
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
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Matteoli FP, Passarelli-Araujo H, Reis RJA, da Rocha LO, de Souza EM, Aravind L, Olivares FL, Venancio TM. Genome sequencing and assessment of plant growth-promoting properties of a Serratia marcescens strain isolated from vermicompost. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:750. [PMID: 30326830 PMCID: PMC6192313 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plant-bacteria associations have been extensively studied for their potential in increasing crop productivity in a sustainable manner. Serratia marcescens is a species of Enterobacteriaceae found in a wide range of environments, including soil. Results Here we describe the genome sequencing and assessment of plant growth-promoting abilities of S. marcescens UENF-22GI, a strain isolated from mature cattle manure vermicompost. In vitro, S. marcescens UENF-22GI is able to solubilize P and Zn, to produce indole compounds (likely IAA), to colonize hyphae and counter the growth of two phytopathogenic fungi. Inoculation of maize with this strain remarkably increased seedling growth and biomass under greenhouse conditions. The S. marcescens UENF-22GI genome has 5 Mb, assembled in 17 scaffolds comprising 4662 genes (4528 are protein-coding). No plasmids were identified. S. marcescens UENF-22GI is phylogenetically placed within a clade comprised almost exclusively of non-clinical strains. We identified genes and operons that are likely responsible for the interesting plant-growth promoting features that were experimentally described. The S. marcescens UENF-22GI genome harbors a horizontally-transferred genomic island involved in antibiotic production, antibiotic resistance, and anti-phage defense via a novel ADP-ribosyltransferase-like protein and possible modification of DNA by a deazapurine base, which likely contributes to its competitiveness against other bacteria. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that S. marcescens UENF-22GI is a strong candidate to be used in the enrichment of substrates for plant growth promotion or as part of bioinoculants for agriculture. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5130-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe P Matteoli
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hemanoel Passarelli-Araujo
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Régis Josué A Reis
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Insumos Biológicos para a Agricultura (NUDIBA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia O da Rocha
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Insumos Biológicos para a Agricultura (NUDIBA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emanuel M de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Núcleo de Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - L Aravind
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio L Olivares
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Insumos Biológicos para a Agricultura (NUDIBA), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Thiago M Venancio
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Pandey R, Lal MK, Vengavasi K. Differential response of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat to interactive effects of elevated [CO 2] and low phosphorus. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1231-1244. [PMID: 29868985 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2307-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hexaploid wheat is more responsive than tetraploid to the interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and low P in terms of carboxylate efflux, enzyme activity and gene expression (TaPT1 and TaPAP). Availability of mineral nutrients to plants under changing climate has become a serious challenge to food security and economic development. An understanding of how elevated [CO2] influences phosphorus (P) acquisition processes at the whole-plant level would be critical in selecting cultivars as well as to maintain optimum yield in limited-P conditions. Wheat (Triticum aestivum and T. durum) grown hydroponically with sufficient and low P concentration were exposed to elevated and ambient [CO2]. Improved dry matter partitioning towards root resulted in increased root-to-shoot ratio, root length, volume, surface area, root hair length and density at elevated [CO2] with low P. Interaction of low P and [CO2] induced activity of enzymes (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, malate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase) in root tissue resulting in twofold increase in carboxylates and acid phosphatase exudation. Physiological absorption capacity of roots showed that plants alter their uptake kinetics by increasing affinity (low Km) in response to elevated [CO2] under low P supply. Increased relative expression of genes, purple acid phosphatase (TaPAP) and high-affinity Pi transporter (TaPT1) in roots induced by elevated [CO2] and low P supported our physiological observations. Hexaploid wheat (PBW-396) being more responsive to elevated [CO2] at low P supply as compared to tetraploid (PDW-233) necessitates the ploidy effect to be explored further which might be advantageous under changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Pandey
- Mineral Nutrition Lab # 108-109, Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Mineral Nutrition Lab # 108-109, Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Krishnapriya Vengavasi
- Mineral Nutrition Lab # 108-109, Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
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62
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Yugandhar P, Sun Y, Liu L, Negi M, Nallamothu V, Sun S, Neelamraju S, Rai V, Jain A. Characterization of the loss-of-function mutant NH101 for yield under phosphate deficiency from EMS-induced mutants of rice variety Nagina22. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:1-13. [PMID: 29957570 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In earlier studies at IIRR, Hyderabad, screening of ∼2000 EMS mutants of the rice variety Nagina22 (N22) resulted in the identification of 11 loss-of-function mutants with zero grain yield in Pi-deprived soil under field condition. Among these mutants, NH101 was selected for comparative analyses with N22 for various morphophysiological and/or molecular traits during growth in a hydroponic system (7 d) and in a pot soil (50% flowering) under different Pi regime. The total length of the seminal and adventitious roots, agronomic traits (panicle length and unfilled spikelet/panicle), activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and APX), and the relative expression levels of the genes involved in the maintenance of Pi homeostasis (MPH) i.e., OsPHR2, SPX1/2 OsPT4, 6, and 8 showed significant increase in the Pi-deprived mutant compared with N22. Whereas, some of the traits showed significant reduction in NH101 than N22 such as number of tillers and filled spikelets/panicle, yield, contents of Pi and externally secreted APase, activity of CAT, and the relative expression levels of MPH genes i.e., OsmiR399a, OsPHO1;2, OsIPS1, OsPAP10a, OsPT2, 9, and 10. The study highlighted wide spectrum differential effects of the mutation in NH101 on various traits that play important roles governing the maintenance of Pi homeostasis. This mutant thus provides a rich repository of genetic material amenable for the identification of the genes that are pivotal for Pi use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poli Yugandhar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - Yafei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Manisha Negi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Sarla Neelamraju
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
| | - Vandna Rai
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
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63
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Kopriva S, Chu C. Are we ready to improve phosphorus homeostasis in rice? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3515-3522. [PMID: 29788117 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient which often limits plant growth, but the phosphate rock used for fertilizer production is a finite resource. On the other hand, large amounts of P compounds are entering surface waters, leading to eutrophication. Therefore, improvement of phosphate use efficiency of crop plants is a major task for plant science. Rice as a staple crop has recently been a focus of such efforts with several major discoveries. New transporters controlling phosphate homeostasis in rice have been discovered. Manipulation of expression of the corresponding genes improves different components of phosphate use efficiency, such as delivery of phosphate to the developing seeds and synthesis of phytic acid. Here these new findings are discussed in the context of general P nutrition and with the aim of finding out how far we can optimize P homeostasis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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64
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Fang Zhu X, Sheng Zhao X, Wu Q, Fang Shen R. Abscisic acid is involved in root cell wall phosphorus remobilization independent of nitric oxide and ethylene in rice (Oryza sativa). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:1361-1368. [PMID: 29562313 PMCID: PMC6007365 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscisic acid (ABA) is a well-studied phytohormone demonstrated to be involved in sub-sets of stress responses in plants, such as iron (Fe) deficiency and phosphorus (P) deficiency in Arabidopsis. However, whether ABA is involved in P deficiency in rice has not been frequently studied. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism underlying ABA-aggravated P deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa). RESULTS P deficiency decreased ABA accumulation rapidly (within 1 h) in the roots. Exogenous ABA negatively regulated root and shoot soluble P contents by decreasing pectin content, inhibiting P deficiency-induced increases in pectin methylesterase activity and expression of the phosphate transporter gene-OsPT6, thereby decreasing the re-utilization of P from the cell wall and its translocation to the shoot. Moreover, neither the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside nor ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid had any effect on ABA accumulation, and application of ABA or the ABA inhibitor fluridone also had no effect on NO production and ethylene emission. CONCLUSIONS Under P deficiency, NO levels increase as quickly as ABA levels decrease, to inhibit both the ABA-induced reduction of pectin contents for the re-utilization of cell wall P and the ABA-induced down-regulation of OsPT6 for the translocation of P from roots to shoots. Overall, our results provide novel information indicating that the reduction of ABA under P deficiency is a very important pathway in the re-utilization of cell wall P in rice under P-deficient conditions, which should be a very effective mechanism for plant survival under P deficiency stress for common agronomic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- For correspondence. E-mail
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65
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Wang L, Liu D. Functions and regulation of phosphate starvation-induced secreted acid phosphatases in higher plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:108-116. [PMID: 29650148 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is essential for plant growth and development, but levels of inorganic phosphate (Pi), the major form of phosphorus that plants assimilate, are quite limiting in most soils. To cope with Pi deficiency, plants trigger a suite of adaptive responses, including the induction and secretion of acid phosphatases (APases). In this article, we describe how Pi starvation-induced (PSI) APases are analyzed, and we provide a brief historical review of their identification. We then discuss the current understanding of the functions of PSI-secreted APases and how these APases are regulated at the molecular level. Finally, we provide a perspective on the future direction of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangsheng Wang
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dong Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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66
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Liu L, Yang D, Xing B, Zhang H, Liang Z. Salvia castanea Hairy Roots are More Tolerant to Phosphate Deficiency than Salvia miltiorrhiza Hairy Roots Based on the Secondary Metabolism and Antioxidant Defenses. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051132. [PMID: 29747474 PMCID: PMC6099837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza is a well-known traditional Chinese herb which is used to treat heart disease. Salvia castanea is a substitute product for S. miltiorrhiza in the medicinal field. Previous study has shown that phosphate (Pi) deficiency could promote the accumulation of secondary metabolism in herbs, and it has also developed a strategy for saving Pi resources and increasing the yield of active substances in herbs. In the present study, the hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza and S. castanea were used to identify the Pi deficiency response mechanisms of these two Salvia species. The results showed that Pi deficiency increased the accumulation of specifically secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids and tanshinones, which were caused by promoting the expression levels of key enzyme genes. In addition, Pi deficiency promoted the antioxidant activity in these two Salvia species. The data demonstrated that Pi deficiency increased the quality of the medicinal material in the plant. The hairy roots of S. castanea were more adaptive to Pi deficiency than those of S. miltiorrhiza in terms of biomass, secondary metabolism, and antioxidant activity. The results of this study provide insights into breeding herbs that are better adapted to Pi deficiency, which could increase the yield of active ingredients in herbs and save Pi resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Bingcong Xing
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Haihua Zhang
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China.
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67
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Ajmera I, Shi J, Giri J, Wu P, Stekel DJ, Lu C, Hodgman TC. Regulatory feedback response mechanisms to phosphate starvation in rice. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2018; 4:4. [PMID: 29354282 PMCID: PMC5758793 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-017-0041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus is a growth-limiting nutrient for plants. The growing scarcity of phosphate stocks threatens global food security. Phosphate-uptake regulation is so complex and incompletely known that attempts to improve phosphorus use efficiency have had extremely limited success. This study improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying phosphate uptake by investigating the transcriptional dynamics of two regulators: the Ubiquitin ligase PHO2 and the long non-coding RNA IPS1. Temporal measurements of RNA levels have been integrated into mechanistic mathematical models using advanced statistical techniques. Models based solely on current knowledge could not adequately explain the temporal expression profiles. Further modeling and bioinformatics analysis have led to the prediction of three regulatory features: the PHO2 protein mediates the degradation of its own transcriptional activator to maintain constant PHO2 mRNA levels; the binding affinity of the transcriptional activator of PHO2 is impaired by a phosphate-sensitive transcriptional repressor/inhibitor; and the extremely high levels of IPS1 and its rapid disappearance upon Pi re-supply are best explained by Pi-sensitive RNA protection. This work offers both new opportunities for plant phosphate research that will be essential for informing the development of phosphate efficient crop varieties, and a foundation for the development of models integrating phosphate with other stress responses. Food security is a global priority. One aspect of this is the ability to grow crops in poorer soils with less fertilizer input, of which phosphate is both essential and resource limited. This study provides a quantitative understanding of the genetic regulation of phosphate uptake in rice upon its deficiency. The mathematical models developed in this article lead to three hypotheses for the gaps identified in current knowledge. One of these hypotheses has previously only been reported in animals while the other prompted laboratory experiments, revealing an extra level of regulation at short timescales. These models provide the basis for crop systems biologists to study other aspects of phosphate regulation, including its internal utilisation, external availability and foraging, and, more crucially, in response to other stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Ajmera
- School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK.,2Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Jing Shi
- 3State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,4Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Ping Wu
- 3State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dov J Stekel
- School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Chungui Lu
- School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK.,6School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ UK
| | - T Charlie Hodgman
- School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK.,2Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK
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68
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Achary VMM, Ram B, Manna M, Datta D, Bhatt A, Reddy MK, Agrawal PK. Phosphite: a novel P fertilizer for weed management and pathogen control. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:1493-1508. [PMID: 28776914 PMCID: PMC5698055 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The availability of orthophosphate (Pi) is a key determinant of crop productivity because its accessibility to plants is poor due to its conversion to unavailable forms. Weed's competition for this essential macronutrient further reduces its bio-availability. To compensate for the low Pi use efficiency and address the weed hazard, excess Pi fertilizers and herbicides are routinely applied, resulting in increased production costs, soil degradation and eutrophication. These outcomes necessitate the identification of a suitable alternate technology that can address the problems associated with the overuse of Pi-based fertilizers and herbicides in agriculture. The present review focuses on phosphite (Phi) as a novel molecule for its utility as a fertilizer, herbicide, biostimulant and biocide in modern agriculture. The use of Phi-based fertilization will help to reduce the consumption of Pi fertilizers and facilitate weed and pathogen control using the same molecule, thereby providing significant advantages over current orthophosphate-based fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Mohan M. Achary
- Crop Improvement GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Babu Ram
- Crop Improvement GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
- Department of BiotechnologyGovind Ballabh Pant Engineering CollegeGhurdauri, Pauri GarhwalUttarakhandIndia
| | - Mrinalini Manna
- Crop Improvement GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Dipanwita Datta
- Crop Improvement GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Arun Bhatt
- Department of BiotechnologyGovind Ballabh Pant Engineering CollegeGhurdauri, Pauri GarhwalUttarakhandIndia
| | - Malireddy K. Reddy
- Crop Improvement GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Pawan K. Agrawal
- National Agricultural Science FundIndian Council of Agricultural ResearchNew DelhiIndia
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69
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Bhadouria J, Singh AP, Mehra P, Verma L, Srivastawa R, Parida SK, Giri J. Identification of Purple Acid Phosphatases in Chickpea and Potential Roles of CaPAP7 in Seed Phytate Accumulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11012. [PMID: 28887557 PMCID: PMC5591292 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) play important roles in phosphate (Pi) acquisition and utilization. These PAPs hydrolyze organic Phosphorus (P) containing compounds in rhizosphere as well as inside the plant cell. However, roles of PAPs in one of the most widely cultivated legumes, chickpea (Cicer arietnum L.), have not been unraveled so far. In the present study, we identified 25 putative PAPs in chickpea (CaPAPs) which possess functional PAP motifs and domains. Differential regulation of CaPAPs under different nutrient deficiencies revealed their roles under multiple nutrient stresses including Pi deficiency. Interestingly, most of the CaPAPs were prominently expressed in flowers and young pods indicating their roles in flower and seed development. Association mapping of SNPs underlying CaPAPs with seed traits revealed significant association of low Pi inducible CaPAP7 with seed weight and phytate content. Biochemical characterization of recombinant CaPAP7 established it to be a functional acid phosphatase with highest activity on most abundant organic-P substrate, phytate. Exogenous application of recombinant CaPAP7 enhanced biomass and Pi content of Arabidopsis seedlings supplemented with phytate as sole P source. Taken together, our results uncover the PAPs in chickpea and potential roles of CaPAP7 in seed phytate accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Bhadouria
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ajit Pal Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Poonam Mehra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Lokesh Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rishi Srivastawa
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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70
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Pandey BK, Mehra P, Verma L, Bhadouria J, Giri J. OsHAD1, a Haloacid Dehalogenase-Like APase, Enhances Phosphate Accumulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:2316-2332. [PMID: 28637831 PMCID: PMC5543963 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency limits plant growth and yield. Since plants can absorb only the inorganic form of P (Pi), a large portion of soil P (organic and inorganic P complexes) remains unused. Here, we identified and characterized a PHR2-regulated, novel low-Pi-responsive haloacid dehalogenase (HAD)-like hydrolase, OsHAD1 While OsHAD1 is a functional HAD protein having both acid phosphatase and phytase activities, it showed little homology with other known low-Pi-responsive HAD superfamily members. Recombinant OsHAD1 is active at acidic pH and dephosphorylates a broad range of organic and inorganic P-containing substrates, including phosphorylated serine and sodium phytate. Exogenous application of recombinant OsHAD1 protein in growth medium supplemented with phytate led to marked increases in growth and total P content of Pi-deficient wild-type rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings. Furthermore, overexpression of OsHAD1 in rice resulted in enhanced phosphatase activity, biomass, and total and soluble P contents in Pi-deficient transgenic seedlings treated with phytate as a restricted Pi source. Gene expression and metabolite profiling revealed enhanced Pi starvation responses, such as up-regulation of multiple genes involved in Pi uptake and solubilization, accumulation of organic acids, enhanced secretory phosphatase activity, and depletion of ATP in overexpression lines as compared with the wild type. To elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms of OsHAD1, we performed in vitro pull-down assays, which revealed the association of OsHAD1 with protein kinases such as OsNDPKs. We conclude that, besides dephosphorylation of cellular organic P, OsHAD1 in coordination with kinases may regulate the phosphorylation status of downstream targets to accomplish Pi homeostasis under limited Pi supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipin K Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Poonam Mehra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Lokesh Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Jyoti Bhadouria
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
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Ye Y, Li P, Xu T, Zeng L, Cheng D, Yang M, Luo J, Lian X. OsPT4 Contributes to Arsenate Uptake and Transport in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2197. [PMID: 29312424 PMCID: PMC5744437 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is toxic to organisms, and elevated As accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa) grain may pose a significant health risk to humans. The predominant form of As in soil under aerobic conditions is As(V), which has a chemical structure similar to that of PO43-. Rice roots take up As(V) by phosphate (Pi) transporters, such as OsPT1 and OsPT8. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of OsPT4, belonging to the Pht1 family, on rice As(V) uptake and transport. We determined the mRNA amounts of OsPTs in rice seedlings, and expressions of OsPT1, OsPT4, and OsPT8 were up-regulated under As(V) conditions. OsPT4-overexpressing plants were obtained to examine the As (V) transport activity of OsPT4 in rice. When transgenic rice grew in hydroponic culture with 25 and 50 μM As(V), the plants showed sensitivity to As(V) stress with aboveground parts showing delayed growth and the roots stunted. The OsPT4 CRISPR lines showed the opposite phenotype. When plants were grown in 5 μM As(V) solution for 7 days, the As accumulation of OsPT4-overexpressing plants increased up to twice in roots and shoots. Furthermore, the arsenate uptake rates of OsPT4-overexpressing lines were higher compared with wild type. The Vmax of As(V) uptake in OsPT4-overexpressing plants increased 23-45% compared with Nipponbare. In the flooded soil, the As accumulation of OsPT4-overexpressing plants increased 40-66% and 22-30% in straw and grain, respectively. While in OsPT4-cr plants As accumulation in roots decreased 17-30% compared with Nipponbare. Therefore, the present study indicates that OsPT4 is involved in As(V) uptake and transport and could be a good candidate gene to generate low As-accumulating rice.
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