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Parray HA, Narayanan N, Garg S, Rizvi ZA, Shrivastava T, Kushwaha S, Singh J, Murugavelu P, Anantharaj A, Mehdi F, Raj N, Singh S, Dandotiya J, Lukose A, Jamwal D, Kumar S, Chiranjivi AK, Dhyani S, Mishra N, Kumar S, Jakhar K, Sonar S, Panchal AK, Tripathy MR, Chowdhury SR, Ahmed S, Samal S, Mani S, Bhattacharyya S, Das S, Sinha S, Luthra K, Batra G, Sehgal D, Medigeshi GR, Sharma C, Awasthi A, Garg PK, Nair DT, Kumar R. A broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody overcomes the mutational landscape of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010994. [PMID: 36508467 PMCID: PMC9779650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitates unremitting efforts to discover novel therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Here, we report an extremely potent mAb named P4A2 that can neutralize all the circulating variants of concern (VOCs) with high efficiency, including the highly transmissible Omicron. The crystal structure of the P4A2 Fab:RBD complex revealed that the residues of the RBD that interact with P4A2 are a part of the ACE2-receptor-binding motif and are not mutated in any of the VOCs. The pan coronavirus pseudotyped neutralization assay confirmed that the P4A2 mAb is specific for SARS-CoV-2 and its VOCs. Passive administration of P4A2 to K18-hACE2 transgenic mice conferred protection, both prophylactically and therapeutically, against challenge with VOCs. Overall, our data shows that, the P4A2 mAb has immense therapeutic potential to neutralize the current circulating VOCs. Due to the overlap between the P4A2 epitope and ACE2 binding site on spike-RBD, P4A2 may also be highly effective against a number of future variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad Parray
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Naveen Narayanan
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sonal Garg
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kushwaha
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Janmejay Singh
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Praveenkumar Murugavelu
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anbalagan Anantharaj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Farha Mehdi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Nisha Raj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shivam Singh
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Jyotsna Dandotiya
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Asha Lukose
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Deepti Jamwal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Adarsh K. Chiranjivi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Samridhi Dhyani
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Nitesh Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamini Jakhar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sudipta Sonar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Panchal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Tripathy
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shirlie Roy Chowdhury
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shubbir Ahmed
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Mani
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sankar Bhattacharyya
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Supratik Das
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Subrata Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalpana Luthra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Batra
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Devinder Sehgal
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Guruprasad R. Medigeshi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Chandresh Sharma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Garg
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak T. Nair
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Huang JT, Mao YQ. The impact of the microbiome in cancer: Targeting metabolism of cancer cells and host. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1029033. [PMID: 36465375 PMCID: PMC9708872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1029033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal metabolic alterations of cancer cells and the host play critical roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. Targeting cancer cells and host metabolism can provide novel diagnosis indicators and intervention targets for tumors. In recent years, it has been found that gut microbiota is involved in the metabolism of the host and cancer cells. Increasingly, gut microbiome and their metabolites have been demonstrated great influence on the tumor formation, prognosis and treatment. Specific gut microbial composition and metabolites are associated with the status of tumor in the host. Interventions on the gut microbiota can exert the protective effects on the tumor, through the manipulation of structure and its related metabolites. This may be the new approach to improve the efficacy of tumor prevention and treatment. Here, we discuss the effects and the underlying mechanisms of gut microbiota and microbial-derived metabolites in tumor progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ting Huang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qin Mao
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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53
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Li S, He M, Lei Y, Liu Y, Li X, Xiang X, Wu Q, Wang Q. Oral Microbiota and Tumor-A New Perspective of Tumor Pathogenesis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2206. [PMID: 36363799 PMCID: PMC9692822 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms have long been known to play key roles in the initiation and development of tumors. The oral microbiota and tumorigenesis have been linked in epidemiological research relating to molecular pathology. Notably, some bacteria can impact distal tumors by their gastrointestinal or blood-borne transmission under pathological circumstances. Certain bacteria drive tumorigenesis and progression through direct or indirect immune system actions. This review systemically discusses the recent advances in the field of oral microecology and tumor, including the oncogenic role of oral microbial abnormalities and various potential carcinogenesis mechanisms (excessive inflammatory response, host immunosuppression, anti-apoptotic activity, and carcinogen secretion) to introduce future directions for effective tumor prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Li
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Mingxin He
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yumeng Lei
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Wuhan Asia General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xinquan Li
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xiaochen Xiang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qingming Wu
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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Proinflammatory Innate Cytokines and Distinct Metabolomic Signatures Shape the T Cell Response in Active COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101762. [PMID: 36298628 PMCID: PMC9609972 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying factors contributing to the evolution of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses during COVID-19 infection remain unidentified. To address this, we characterized innate and adaptive immune responses with metabolomic profiling longitudinally at three different time points (0–3, 7–9, and 14–16 days post-COVID-19 positivity) from young, mildly symptomatic, active COVID-19 patients infected during the first wave in mid-2020. We observed that anti-RBD IgG and viral neutralization are significantly reduced against the delta variant, compared to the ancestral strain. In contrast, compared to the ancestral strain, T cell responses remain preserved against the delta and omicron variants. We determined innate immune responses during the early stage of active infection, in response to TLR 3/7/8-mediated activation in PBMCs and serum metabolomic profiling. Correlation analysis indicated PBMCs-derived proinflammatory cytokines, IL-18, IL-1β, and IL-23, and the abundance of plasma metabolites involved in arginine biosynthesis were predictive of a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific Th1 response at a later stage (two weeks after PCR positivity). These observations may contribute to designing effective vaccines and adjuvants that promote innate immune responses and metabolites to induce a long-lasting anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response.
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55
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Chen G, Peng Y, Huang Y, Xie M, Dai Z, Cai H, Dong W, Xu W, Xie Z, Chen D, Fan X, Zhou W, Kan X, Yang T, Chen C, Sun Y, Zeng X, Liu Z. Fluoride induced leaky gut and bloom of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum mediate the exacerbation of obesity in high-fat-diet fed mice. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00239-9. [PMID: 36341987 PMCID: PMC10403698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fluoride is widely presented in drinking water and foods. A strong relation between fluoride exposure and obesity has been reported. However, the potential mechanisms on fluoride-induced obesity remain unexplored. Objectives and methods The effects of fluoride on the obesity were investigated using mice model. Furthermore, the role of gut homeostasis in exacerbation of the obesity induced by fluoride was evaluated. Results The results showed that fluoride alone did not induce obesity in normal diet (ND) fed mice, whereas, it could trigger exacerbation of obesity in high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice. Fluoride impaired intestinal barrier and activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling to induce obesity, which was further verified in TLR4-/- mice. Furthermore, fluoride could deteriorate the gut microbiota in HFD mice. The fecal microbiota transplantation from fluoride-induced mice was sufficient to induce obesity, while the exacerbation of obesity by fluoride was blocked upon gut microbiota depletion. The fluoride-induced bloom of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum was responsible for exacerbation of obesity. In addition, a potential strategy for prevention of fluoride-induced obesity was proposed by intervention with polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea. Conclusion Overall, these results provide the first evidence of a comprehensive cross-talk mechanism between fluoride and obesity in HFD fed mice, which is mediated by gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. E. ramosum was identified as a crucial mediator of fluoride induced obesity, which could be explored as potential target for prevention and treatment of obesity with exciting translational value.
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Rizvi ZA, Babele P, Sadhu S, Madan U, Tripathy MR, Goswami S, Mani S, Kumar S, Awasthi A, Dikshit M. Prophylactic treatment of Glycyrrhiza glabra mitigates COVID-19 pathology through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hamster model and NETosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945583. [PMID: 36238303 PMCID: PMC9550929 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is accompanied by acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pathology, and is presented mostly with an inflammatory cytokine release, a dysregulated immune response, a skewed neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and a hypercoagulable state. Though vaccinations have proved effective in reducing the COVID-19-related mortality, the limitation of the use of vaccine against immunocompromised individuals, those with comorbidity, and emerging variants remains a concern. In the current study, we investigate for the first time the efficacy of the Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) extract, a potent immunomodulator, against SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters. Prophylactic treatment with GG showed protection against loss in body weight and a 35%–40% decrease in lung viral load along with reduced lung pathology in the hamster model. Remarkably, GG reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). In vitro, GG acted as a potent immunomodulator by reducing Th2 and Th17 differentiation and IL-4 and IL-17A cytokine production. In addition, GG also showed robust potential to suppress ROS, mtROS, and NET generation in a concentration-dependent manner in both human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and murine bone marrow-derived neutrophils (BMDNs). Taken together, we provide evidence for the protective efficacy of GG against COVID-19 and its putative mechanistic insight through its immunomodulatory properties. Our study provides the proof of concept for GG efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 using a hamster model and opens the path for further studies aimed at identifying the active ingredients of GG and its efficacy in COVID-19 clinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhakar Babele
- Noncommunicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Srikanth Sadhu
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Upasna Madan
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Tripathy
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Goswami
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Mani
- Noncommunicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- *Correspondence: Madhu Dikshit, ; ; Amit Awasthi,
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Noncommunicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Madhu Dikshit, ; ; Amit Awasthi,
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Effects of microbiota on anticancer drugs: Current knowledge and potential applications. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104197. [PMID: 35933808 PMCID: PMC9358415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, mounting evidence has revealed the key roles of gut microbiota in modulating the efficacy and toxicity of anticancer drugs, via mechanisms such as immunomodulation and microbial enzymatic degradation. As such, human microbiota presents as an exciting prospect for developing biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes and interventional approaches for improving therapeutic effects. In this review, we analyze the current knowledge of the interplays among gut microorganisms, host responses and anticancer therapies (including cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapy), with an emphasis on the immunomodulation function of microbiota which facilitates the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, we propose several microbiota-modulating strategies including fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics, which can be pursued to optimize the use and development of anticancer treatments. We anticipate that future clinical and preclinical studies will highlight the significance of human microbiome as a promising target towards precision medicine in cancer therapies. Funding National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0907800), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program (KQTD20200820145822023) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31900056 and 32000096).
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Wu Q, Gao ZJ, Yu X, Wang P. Dietary regulation in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:252. [PMID: 35871218 PMCID: PMC9308782 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials have demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan and delaying ageing in various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate and human. It emerges to develop the precision-nutrition therapeutics to slow age-related biological processes and treat diverse diseases. However, the nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals as well as organs and tissues, which brings challenges in this field. In this review, we summarize the different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed for healthspan improvement and disease treatment in pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss the nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, nutritive metabolism pathways, epigenetic mechanisms and circadian clocks. Comparably, we describe diet-responsive effectors by which dietary interventions influence the endocrinic, immunological, microbial and neural states responsible for improving health and preventing multiple diseases in humans. Furthermore, we expatiate diverse patterns of dietotheroapies, including different fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic diet, high-fibre diet, plants-based diet, protein restriction diet or diet with specific reduction in amino acids or microelements, potentially affecting the health and morbid states. Altogether, we emphasize the profound nutritional therapy, and highlight the crosstalk among explored mechanisms and critical factors to develop individualized therapeutic approaches and predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Surace L, Di Santo JP. Local and systemic features of ILC immunometabolism. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:209-217. [PMID: 35787549 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are specialized immune cells that rapidly sense environmental perturbations and regulate immune responses and tissue homeostasis. ILCs are mainly tissue resident and their crosstalk within tissue microenvironments influences both local and systemic metabolism. Reciprocally, metabolic status conditions ILC phenotype and effector function. In this review, we discuss the role of ILCs as metabolic sentinels and describe how ILC subset-specific activities influence homeostasis and disease. Finally, we highlight emerging challenges in the field of ILC immunometabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence suggests that ILCs metabolism, phenotype, and function are shaped by signals from the tissue microenvironment. Dietary, endogenous, and microbial metabolites are sensed by ILC subsets and can impact on ILC-mediated immune responses. Recent studies have found that mitochondria are central regulators of ILC effector function. Furthermore, ILCs have emerged as crucial sensors of metabolic stress, suggesting they might act as metabolic sentinels, coordinating tissue and host metabolism. SUMMARY Our understanding how ILCs mechanistically regulate host metabolism and defenses is still incomplete. Unraveling critical metabolic features of ILCs may lead to novel therapeutic strategies that target these cells in the context of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Surace
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, , Bonn, Germany
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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Ting NLN, Lau HCH, Yu J. Cancer pharmacomicrobiomics: targeting microbiota to optimise cancer therapy outcomes. Gut 2022; 71:1412-1425. [PMID: 35277453 PMCID: PMC9185832 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the promising advances in novel cancer therapy such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), limitations including therapeutic resistance and toxicity remain. In recent years, the relationship between gut microbiota and cancer has been extensively studied. Accumulating evidence reveals the role of microbiota in defining cancer therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Unlike host genetics, microbiota can be easily modified via multiple strategies, including faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics and antibiotics. Preclinical studies have identified the mechanisms on how microbes influence cancer treatment outcomes. Clinical trials have also demonstrated the potential of microbiota modulation in cancer treatments. Herein, we review the mechanistic insights of gut microbial interactions with chemotherapy and ICIs, particularly focusing on the interplay between gut bacteria and the pharmacokinetics (eg, metabolism, enzymatic degradation) or pharmacodynamics (eg, immunomodulation) of cancer treatment. The translational potential of basic findings in clinical settings is then explored, including using microbes as predictive biomarkers and microbial modulation by antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modulations and FMT. We further discuss the current limitations of gut microbiota modulation in patients with cancer and suggest essential directions for future study. In the era of personalised medicine, it is crucial to understand the microbiota and its interactions with cancer. Manipulating the gut microbiota to augment cancer therapeutic responses can provide new insights into cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Lung-Ngai Ting
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Li X, Alu A, Wei Y, Wei X, Luo M. The modulatory effect of high salt on immune cells and related diseases. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13250. [PMID: 35747936 PMCID: PMC9436908 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adverse effect of excessive salt intake has been recognized in decades. Researchers have mainly focused on the association between salt intake and hypertension. However, studies in recent years have proposed the existence of extra-renal sodium storage and provided insight into the immunomodulatory function of sodium. OBJECTIVES In this review, we discuss the modulatory effects of high salt on various innate and adaptive immune cells and immune-regulated diseases. METHODS We identified papers through electronic searches of PubMed database from inception to March 2022. RESULTS An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that high salt can modulate the differentiation, activation and function of multiple immune cells. Furthermore, a high-salt diet can increase tissue sodium concentrations and influence the immune responses in microenvironments, thereby affecting the development of immune-regulated diseases, including hypertension, multiple sclerosis, cancer and infections. These findings provide a novel mechanism for the pathology of certain diseases and indicate that salt might serve as a target or potential therapeutic agent in different disease contexts. CONCLUSION High salt has a profound impact on the differentiation, activation and function of multiple immune cells. Additionally, an HSD can modulate the development of various immune-regulated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aqu Alu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shelkey E, Oommen D, Stirling ER, Soto-Pantoja DR, Cook KL, Lu Y, Votanopoulos KI, Soker S. Immuno-reactive cancer organoid model to assess effects of the microbiome on cancer immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9983. [PMID: 35705580 PMCID: PMC9200712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has demonstrated good efficacy in many cancer types. In cancers such as non-resectable advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it has recently been approved as a promising treatment. However, clinical data shows overall response rates (ORRs) from ~ 3-40% in breast cancer patients, depending on subtype, previous treatments, and mutation status. Composition of the host-microbiome has a significant role in cancer development and therapeutic responsiveness. Some bacterial families are conducive to oncogenesis and progression, while others aid innate and therapeutically induced anti-tumor immunity. Modeling microbiome effects on anti-tumor immunity in ex vivo systems is challenging, forcing the use of in vivo models, making it difficult to dissect direct effects on immune cells from combined effects on tumor and immune cells. We developed a novel immune-enhanced tumor organoid (iTO) system to study factors affecting ICB response. Using the 4T1 TNBC murine cell line and matched splenocytes, we demonstrated ICB-induced response. Further administration of bacterial-derived metabolites from species found in the immunomodulatory host-microbiome significantly increased ICB-induced apoptosis of tumor cells and altered immune cell receptor expression. These outcomes represent a method to isolate individual factors that alter ICB response and streamline the study of microbiome effects on ICB efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Shelkey
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - David Oommen
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
- Current Address: Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yong Lu
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Current Address: Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Shay Soker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
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Guo Q, Qin H, Liu X, Zhang X, Chen Z, Qin T, Chang L, Zhang W. The Emerging Roles of Human Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915047. [PMID: 35784372 PMCID: PMC9240199 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is composed of a large number of microorganisms with a complex structure. It participates in the decomposition, digestion, and absorption of nutrients; promotes the development of the immune system; inhibits the colonization of pathogens; and thus modulates human health. In particular, the relationship between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tumor progression has attracted widespread concern. It was found that the gut microbiota can influence gastrointestinal tumor progression in independent ways. Here, we focused on the distribution of gut microbiota in gastrointestinal tumors and further elaborated on the impact of gut microbiota metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids, on colorectal cancer progression. Additionally, the effects of gut microbiota on gastrointestinal tumor therapy are outlined. Finally, we put forward the possible problems in gut microbiota and the gastrointestinal oncology field and the efforts we need to make.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qianqian Guo, ; Wenzhou Zhang,
| | - Hai Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guizhou Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Guiyang City, China
| | - Xueling Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zelong Chen
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things Wise Medical, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linlin Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qianqian Guo, ; Wenzhou Zhang,
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Designing and characterization of a SARS-CoV-2 immunogen with receptor binding motif grafted on a protein scaffold: An epitope-focused vaccine approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1359-1367. [PMID: 35469951 PMCID: PMC9033297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a significant burden on the economy and healthcare around the world. Vaccines are the most effective tools to fight infectious diseases by containing the spread of the disease. The current vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are mostly based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which is large and has many immune-dominant non-neutralizing epitopes that may effectively skew the antibody response towards non-neutralizing antibodies. Here, we have explored the possibility of immune-focusing the receptor binding motif (RBM) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 that induces mostly neutralizing antibodies in natural infection or in vacinees. The result shows that the scaffolded RBM can bind to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) although with low affinity and induces a strong antibody response in mice. The immunized sera can bind both, the receptor binding domain (RBD) and the spike protein, which holds the RBM in its natural context. Sera from the immunized mice showed robust interferon γ response but poor neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 suggesting presence of a predominant T cell epitope on scaffolded RBM. Together, we provide a strategy for inducing strong antigenic T cell response which could be exploited further for future vaccine designing and development against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Khandekar D, Dahunsi DO, Manzanera Esteve IV, Reid S, Rathmell JC, Titze J, Tiriveedhi V. Low-Salt Diet Reduces Anti-CTLA4 Mediated Systemic Immune-Related Adverse Events while Retaining Therapeutic Efficacy against Breast Cancer. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:810. [PMID: 35741331 PMCID: PMC9219826 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the breast cancer treatment landscape. However, ICI-induced systemic inflammatory immune-related adverse events (irAE) remain a major clinical challenge. Previous studies in our laboratory and others have demonstrated that a high-salt (HS) diet induces inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells leading to anti-tumor responses. In our current communication, we analyzed the impact of dietary salt modification on therapeutic and systemic outcomes in breast-tumor-bearing mice following anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) based ICI therapy. As HS diet and anti-CTLA4 mAb both exert pro-inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells, we hypothesized that a combination of these would lead to enhanced irAE response, while low-salt (LS) diet through blunting peripheral inflammatory action of CD4+T cells would reduce irAE response. We utilized an orthotopic murine breast tumor model by injecting Py230 murine breast cancer cells into syngeneic C57Bl/6 mice. In an LS diet cohort, anti-CTLA4 mAb treatment significantly reduced tumor progression (day 35, 339 ± 121 mm3), as compared to isotype mAb (639 ± 163 mm3, p < 0.05). In an HS diet cohort, treatment with anti-CTLA4 reduced the survival rate (day 80, 2/15) compared to respective normal/regular salt (NS) diet cohort (8/15, p < 0.05). Further, HS plus anti-CTLA4 mAb caused an increased expression of inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ and IL-1β) in lung infiltrating and peripheral circulating CD4+T cells. This inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells in the HS plus anti-CTLA4 cohort was associated with the upregulation of inflammasome complex activity. However, an LS diet did not induce any significant irAE response in breast-tumor-bearing mice upon treatment with anti-CTLA4 mAb, thus suggesting the role of high-salt diet in irAE response. Importantly, CD4-specific knock out of osmosensitive transcription factor NFAT5 using CD4cre/creNFAT5flox/flox transgenic mice caused a downregulation of high-salt-mediated inflammatory activation of CD4+T cells and irAE response. Taken together, our data suggest that LS diet inhibits the anti-CTLA4 mAb-induced irAE response while retaining its anti-tumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Khandekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Debolanle O. Dahunsi
- Department Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.O.D.); (J.C.R.)
| | | | - Sonya Reid
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Jeffrey C. Rathmell
- Department Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (D.O.D.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Jens Titze
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore;
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
- Division of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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Lu Y, Yuan X, Wang M, He Z, Li H, Wang J, Li Q. Gut microbiota influence immunotherapy responses: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:47. [PMID: 35488243 PMCID: PMC9052532 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota have long been recognized to play a key role in human health and disease. Currently, several lines of evidence from preclinical to clinical research have gradually established that the gut microbiota can modulate antitumor immunity and affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Deciphering the underlying mechanisms reveals that the gut microbiota reprogram the immunity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) by engaging innate and/or adaptive immune cells. Notably, one of the primary modes by which the gut microbiota modulate antitumor immunity is by means of metabolites, which are small molecules that could spread from their initial location of the gut and impact local and systemic antitumor immune response to promote ICI efficiency. Mechanistic exploration provides novel insights for developing rational microbiota-based therapeutic strategies by manipulating gut microbiota, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, engineered microbiomes, and specific microbial metabolites, to augment the efficacy of ICI and advance the age utilization of microbiota precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiangliang Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhihao He
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongzhong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Hingankar N, Deshpande S, Das P, Rizvi ZA, Wibmer CK, Mashilo P, Ansari MY, Burns A, Barman S, Zhao F, Mukherjee S, Torres JL, Chattopadhyay S, Mehdi F, Sutar J, Rathore DK, Pargai K, Singh J, Sonar S, Jakhar K, Dandotiya J, Bhattacharyya S, Mani S, Samal S, Singh S, Kshetrapal P, Thiruvengadam R, Batra G, Medigeshi G, Ward AB, Bhatnagar S, Awasthi A, Sok D, Bhattacharya J. A combination of potently neutralizing monoclonal antibodies isolated from an Indian convalescent donor protects against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010465. [PMID: 35482816 PMCID: PMC9089897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although efficacious vaccines have significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, there remains an unmet medical need for treatment options, which monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can potentially fill. This unmet need is exacerbated by the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) that have shown some resistance to vaccine responses. Here we report the isolation of five neutralizing mAbs from an Indian convalescent donor, out of which two (THSC20.HVTR04 and THSC20.HVTR26) showed potent neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs at picomolar concentrations, including the Delta variant (B.1.617.2). One of these (THSC20.HVTR26) also retained activity against the Omicron variant. These two mAbs target non-overlapping epitopes on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein and prevent virus attachment to its host receptor, human angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (hACE2). Furthermore, the mAb cocktail demonstrated protection against the Delta variant at low antibody doses when passively administered in the K18 hACE2 transgenic mice model, highlighting their potential as a cocktail for prophylactic and therapeutic applications. Developing the capacity to rapidly discover and develop mAbs effective against highly transmissible pathogens like coronaviruses at a local level, especially in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) such as India, will enable prompt responses to future pandemics as an important component of global pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Hingankar
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Suprit Deshpande
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Payel Das
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- Immunology Core, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Constantinos Kurt Wibmer
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Poppy Mashilo
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Yousuf Ansari
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Alison Burns
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Shawn Barman
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Fangzhu Zhao
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sohini Mukherjee
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- IAVI, New York, United States of America
- IAVI, New Delhi, India
| | - Jonathan L. Torres
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Souvick Chattopadhyay
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Farha Mehdi
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Jyoti Sutar
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- IAVI, New York, United States of America
- IAVI, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Rathore
- Immunology Core, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Kamal Pargai
- Bioassay laboratory, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Janmejay Singh
- Bioassay laboratory, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sudipta Sonar
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Kamini Jakhar
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Jyotsna Dandotiya
- Immuno-biology Lab, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- Immunology Core, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sankar Bhattacharyya
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Shailendra Mani
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Savita Singh
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Pallavi Kshetrapal
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | | | - Gaurav Batra
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Guruprasad Medigeshi
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- Bioassay laboratory, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Shinjini Bhatnagar
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- Immunology Core, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Devin Sok
- Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- IAVI, New York, United States of America
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharya
- IAVI HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, IAVI-THSTI partnership program, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- IAVI, New York, United States of America
- IAVI, New Delhi, India
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Rizvi ZA, Dalal R, Sadhu S, Binayke A, Dandotiya J, Kumar Y, Shrivastava T, Gupta SK, Aggarwal S, Tripathy MR, Rathore DK, Yadav AK, Medigeshi GR, Pandey AK, Samal S, Asthana S, Awasthi A. Golden Syrian hamster as a model to study cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. eLife 2022; 11:73522. [PMID: 35014610 PMCID: PMC8794466 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection in the Golden Syrian hamster causes lung pathology that resembles human coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, extra-pulmonary pathologies associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and post COVID sequelae remain to be understood. Here we show, using a hamster model, that the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to an acute inflammatory response and lung pathologies, while the late phase of infection causes cardiovascular complications (CVC) characterized by ventricular wall thickening associated with increased ventricular mass/ body mass ratio and interstitial coronary fibrosis. Molecular profiling further substantiated our findings of CVC, as SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters showed elevated levels of serum cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides. Serum metabolomics profiling of SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters identified N-acetylneuraminate, a functional metabolite found to be associated with CVC, as a metabolic marker was found to be common between SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters and COVID-19 patients. Together, we propose hamsters as a suitable animal model to study post-COVID sequelae associated with CVC which could be extended to therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Rajdeep Dalal
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Srikanth Sadhu
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Akshay Binayke
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Jyotsna Dandotiya
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Yashwant Kumar
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Suruchi Aggarwal
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Tripathy
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Rathore
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Non-communicable disease center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Guruprasad R Medigeshi
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Infection and Immunology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Shailendra Asthana
- Non-communicable disease centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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Anisman H, Kusnecov AW. Immunotherapies and their moderation. Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91904-3.00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rizvi ZA, Tripathy MR, Sharma N, Goswami S, Srikanth N, Sastry JLN, Mani S, Surjit M, Awasthi A, Dikshit M. Effect of Prophylactic Use of Intranasal Oil Formulations in the Hamster Model of COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:746729. [PMID: 34721035 PMCID: PMC8551705 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection initiates with viral entry in the upper respiratory tract, leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe COVID-19 is characterized by pulmonary pathologies associated with respiratory failure. Thus, therapeutics aimed at inhibiting the entry of the virus or its internalization in the upper respiratory tract are of interest. Herein, we report the prophylactic application of two intranasal formulations provided by the National Medicinal Plant Board (NMPB), Anu oil and til tailya, in the hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Prophylactic intra-nasal instillation of these oil formulations exhibited reduced viral load in lungs and resulted in reduced body weight loss and lung-pneumonitis. In line with reduced viral load, histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in lung pathology in the Anu oil group as compared to the control infected group. However, the til tailya group did not show a significant reduction in lung pathology. Furthermore, molecular analysis using mRNA expression profiling indicated reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, including Th1 and Th17 cytokines for both the intranasal formulations as a result of decreased viral load. Together, the prophylactic intranasal application of Anu oil seems to be useful in limiting both viral load and severity in SARS-CoV2 infection in the hamster model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Immuno-biology Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Tripathy
- Immuno-biology Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Nishant Sharma
- Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sandeep Goswami
- Immuno-biology Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - N Srikanth
- DG(I/C), Central Council for Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - J L N Sastry
- CEO-National Medicinal Plants Board, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailendra Mani
- Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Milan Surjit
- Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-biology Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
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