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Zhang Y, Yang H, Zhou Z, Huang K, Yang S, Han G. Recent Advances on Magnetic Relaxation Switching Assay-Based Nanosensors. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:869-879. [PMID: 28205434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic relaxation switching assay (MRSw)-based nanosensors respond to the changes of transverse relaxation time (T2) of water molecules resulted from the analyte-induced aggregation and disaggregation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This strategy has been widely applied to the detections of various substrates from heavy metal ions to organic pollutants, proteins, nucleic acids, bacteria and viruses, and specific cells. Compared with other nanosensors, MRSw-based nanosensors not only are free from the background interferences, signal bleaching, and quenching but also overcome light scattering from samples without pretreatments. Therefore, MRSw-based nanosensors have been developed as real-time and on-site detection platforms for environmental protection, food safety, and risk assessment. This review summarizes the latest developments of the principles, the applicable magnetic nanoparticles, and the exploited environmental and biological applications of MRSw-based nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Hong Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Shiping Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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Gee MS, Ghazani AA, Haq R, Wargo JA, Sebas M, Sullivan RJ, Lee H, Weissleder R. Point of care assessment of melanoma tumor signaling and metastatic burden from μNMR analysis of tumor fine needle aspirates and peripheral blood. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 13:821-828. [PMID: 27993725 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates μNMR technology for molecular profiling of tumor fine needle aspirates and peripheral blood of melanoma patients. In vitro assessment of melanocyte (MART-1, HMB45) and MAP kinase signaling (pERK, pS6K) molecule expression was performed in human cell lines, while clinical validation was performed in an IRB-approved study of melanoma patients undergoing biopsy and blood sampling. Tumor FNA and blood specimens were compared with BRAF genetic analysis and cross-sectional imaging. μNMR in vitro analysis showed increased expression of melanocyte markers in melanoma cells as well as increased expression of phosphorylated MAP kinase targets in BRAF-mutant melanoma cells. Melanoma patient FNA samples showed increased pERK and pS6K levels in BRAF mutant compared with BRAF WT melanomas, with μNMR blood circulating tumor cell level increased with higher metastatic burden visible on imaging. These results indicate that μNMR technology provides minimally invasive point-of-care evaluation of tumor signaling and metastatic burden in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Gee
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Arezou A Ghazani
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Rizwan Haq
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Matthew Sebas
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Center for Melanoma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
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Nishiyama Y, Endo Y, Nemoto T, Bouzier-Sore AK, Wong A. High-resolution NMR-based metabolic detection of microgram biopsies using a 1 mm HRμMAS probe. Analyst 2016; 140:8097-100. [PMID: 26563772 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01810b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A prototype 1 mm High-Resolution micro-Magic Angle Spinning (HRμMAS) probe is described. High quality (1)H NMR spectra were obtained from 490 μg of heterogeneous biospecimens, offering a rich-metabolite profiling. The results demonstrate the potential of HRμMAS as a new NMR analytical tool in metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nishiyama
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan and RIKEN CLST-JEOL Collaboration Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Endo
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nemoto
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Anne-Karine Bouzier-Sore
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, UMR5536, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alan Wong
- CEA Saclay, DSM, IRAMIS, CEA/CNRS UMR3685-NIMBE, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamiquepar Reśonance Magnetique, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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Alcantara D, Lopez S, García-Martin ML, Pozo D. Iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic relaxation switching (MRSw) sensors: Current applications in nanomedicine. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1253-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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56
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Banerjee A, Bandopadhyay R. Use of dextran nanoparticle: A paradigm shift in bacterial exopolysaccharide based biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:295-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gebauer A, Schmidt S, Hoffmann W. Status and perspective of lab-on-a-chip systems for common diseases: a systematic review from 2003 to 2013. Per Med 2016; 13:71-91. [PMID: 29749869 DOI: 10.2217/pme.15.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lab-on-a-chip systems (LOCs) are a useful aid for the individualization of therapeutic algorithms at the point-of-care. MATERIALS & METHODS We performed a systematic literature review on LOCs for diseases with a global impact for healthcare. RESULTS A total of 1007 articles matched the previously specified search criteria, thereof 65 studies could be included in this review. A total of 55 different LOCs were evaluated, most for diagnosis or monitoring of cancer (n = 24). For other diseases we found considerably less analyzed LOCs. The analytical performance of the LOCs was usually very good, 37 (67%) LOCs had a sensitivity higher than 90%. CONCLUSION Although LOC systems performance has been positively evaluated in the great majority of studies, the testing was mostly limited to the research laboratory setting rather than real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gebauer
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section Epidemiology of Healthcare & Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Silke Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section Epidemiology of Healthcare & Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section Epidemiology of Healthcare & Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
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58
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Castro CM, Im H, Le C, Lee H, Weissleder R, Birrer MJ. Exploring alternative ovarian cancer biomarkers using innovative nanotechnology strategies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2016; 34:75-82. [PMID: 25543192 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our increased understanding of ovarian cancer's blueprints (mediated by DNA and RNA) and behavior (mediated by proteins) points to wide differences across patients that cannot be depicted by histology alone. Conventional diagnosis usually entails an adequate tissue biopsy, which limits serial testing. There is thus a motivation to shift towards easier to obtain clinical samples (e.g., ascites or blood). In response, investigators are increasingly leveraging alternative circulating biomarkers in blood or proximal fluids and harnessing novel profiling platforms to help explore treatment-related effects on such biomarkers in serial fashion. In this review, we discuss how new nanotechnologies we developed intersect with alternative ovarian cancer biomarkers for improved understanding of metastases and therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar M Castro
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 9E, Boston, MA, 02114, USA,
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb.), is one of the most prevalent and serious infectious diseases worldwide with an estimated annual global mortality of 1.4 million in 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh K. Srivastava
- Plant Research International
- Wageningen UR
- 6708 PB Wageningen
- The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
| | - Cees J. M. van Rijn
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Wageningen UR
- 6703 HB Wageningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A. Jongsma
- Plant Research International
- Wageningen UR
- 6708 PB Wageningen
- The Netherlands
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King KR, Grazette LP, Paltoo DN, McDevitt JT, Sia SK, Barrett PM, Apple FS, Gurbel PA, Weissleder R, Leeds H, Iturriaga EJ, Rao AK, Adhikari B, Desvigne-Nickens P, Galis ZS, Libby P. Point-of-Care Technologies for Precision Cardiovascular Care and Clinical Research: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2016; 1:73-86. [PMID: 26977455 PMCID: PMC4787294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-care technologies (POC or POCT) are enabling innovative cardiovascular diagnostics that promise to improve patient care across diverse clinical settings. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a working group to discuss POCT in cardiovascular medicine. The multidisciplinary working group, which included clinicians, scientists, engineers, device manufacturers, regulatory officials, and program staff, reviewed the state of the POCT field; discussed opportunities for POCT to improve cardiovascular care, realize the promise of precision medicine, and advance the clinical research enterprise; and identified barriers facing translation and integration of POCT with existing clinical systems. A POCT development roadmap emerged to guide multidisciplinary teams of biomarker scientists, technologists, health care providers, and clinical trialists as they: 1) formulate needs assessments; 2) define device design specifications; 3) develop component technologies and integrated systems; 4) perform iterative pilot testing; and 5) conduct rigorous prospective clinical testing to ensure that POCT solutions have substantial effects on cardiovascular care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. King
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Luanda P. Grazette
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dina N. Paltoo
- Office of Science Policy, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John T. McDevitt
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Samuel K. Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Fred S. Apple
- Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Paul A. Gurbel
- Inova Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hilary Leeds
- Office of Science Policy, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Erin J. Iturriaga
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anupama K. Rao
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bishow Adhikari
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Zorina S. Galis
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter Libby
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Albataineh MT, Sutton DA, Fothergill AW, Wiederhold NP. Update from the Laboratory: Clinical Identification and Susceptibility Testing of Fungi and Trends in Antifungal Resistance. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2015; 30:13-35. [PMID: 26739605 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of new diagnostic assays and broad-spectrum antifungal agents, invasive fungal infections remain a significant challenge to clinicians and are associated with marked morbidity and mortality. In addition, the number of etiologic agents of invasive mycoses has increased accompanied by an expansion in the immunocompromised patient populations, and the use of molecular tools for fungal identification and characterization has resulted in the discovery of several cryptic species. This article reviews various methods used to identify fungi and perform antifungal susceptibility testing in the clinical laboratory. Recent developments in antifungal resistance are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad T Albataineh
- Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Deanna A Sutton
- Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Annette W Fothergill
- Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Nathan P Wiederhold
- Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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62
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Diagnostic technologies for circulating tumour cells and exosomes. Biosci Rep 2015; 36:e00292. [PMID: 26604322 PMCID: PMC4741183 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and exosomes are promising circulating biomarkers. They exist in easily accessible blood and carry large diversity of molecular information. As such, they can be easily and repeatedly obtained for minimally invasive cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Because of their intrinsic differences in counts, size and molecular contents, CTCs and exosomes pose unique sets of technical challenges for clinical translation–CTCs are rare whereas exosomes are small. Novel technologies are underway to overcome these specific challenges to fully harness the clinical potential of these circulating biomarkers. Herein, we will overview the characteristics of CTCs and exosomes as valuable circulating biomarkers and their associated technical challenges for clinical adaptation. Specifically, we will describe emerging technologies that have been developed to address these technical obstacles and the unique clinical opportunities enabled by technological innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tae-Hyun Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Jinwoo Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul, 120-749, Korea
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Yi L, Li J, Guo C, Li L, Liu J. Liquid Metal Ink Enabled Rapid Prototyping of Electrochemical Sensor for Wireless Glucose Detection on the Platform of Mobile Phone. J Med Device 2015. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4031659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pervasive detection of blood glucose is rather critical for the real-time disease diagnosis which would provide valuable guidance for treatment planning. Here, we established a health care platform for this purpose through incorporating the glucose detection with liquid metal printed sensor and the smart phone monitoring system together. The liquid metal ink composed of bismuth indium stannic (BIS) alloy was identified as an appropriate sensor material to be quickly written or printed on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrate at around 59 °C to form desired electrodes. It thus eliminated the complicated procedures as usually required in conventional sensor fabrication strategies. The alloy electrodes were characterized via cyclic voltammetry to demonstrate their practical functionality. Further, unlike using the commonly adopted glucometer, a smart phone was developed as the data acquisition and display center to help improve the portability and ubiquitous virtue of the detection system. Glucose solution in different concentrations was assayed via this platform. It was shown that there is a good linear relationship between the concentration and the integral value of the curve recorded by the mobile phone, which confirms the feasibility of the present method. This quantitative point-of-care system has pervasive feature and is expected to be very useful for future low-cost electrochemical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cangran Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China e-mail:
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65
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Fook Kong T, Ye W, Peng WK, Wei Hou H, Marcos M, Preiser PR, Nguyen NT, Han J. Enhancing malaria diagnosis through microfluidic cell enrichment and magnetic resonance relaxometry detection. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11425. [PMID: 26081638 PMCID: PMC4469967 DOI: 10.1038/srep11425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advancements over the years, there remains an urgent need for low cost diagnostic approaches that allow for rapid, reliable and sensitive detection of malaria parasites in clinical samples. Our previous work has shown that magnetic resonance relaxometry (MRR) is a potentially highly sensitive tool for malaria diagnosis. A key challenge for making MRR based malaria diagnostics suitable for clinical testing is the fact that MRR baseline fluctuation exists between individuals, making it difficult to detect low level parasitemia. To overcome this problem, it is important to establish the MRR baseline of each individual while having the ability to reliably determine any changes that are caused by the infection of malaria parasite. Here we show that an approach that combines the use of microfluidic cell enrichment with a saponin lysis before MRR detection can overcome these challenges and provide the basis for a highly sensitive and reliable diagnostic approach of malaria parasites. Importantly, as little as 0.0005% of ring stage parasites can be detected reliably, making this ideally suited for the detection of malaria parasites in peripheral blood obtained from patients. The approaches used here are envisaged to provide a new malaria diagnosis solution in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Fook Kong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore
- BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1 Create Way, #03 Enterprise Wing, Singapore
| | - Weijian Ye
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases IRG (ID), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1 Create Way, #03 Enterprise Wing, Singapore
| | - Weng Kung Peng
- BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1 Create Way, #03 Enterprise Wing, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore
| | - M Marcos
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore
| | - Peter Rainer Preiser
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases IRG (ID), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1 Create Way, #03 Enterprise Wing, Singapore
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jongyoon Han
- BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1 Create Way, #03 Enterprise Wing, Singapore
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 36-841, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Abstract
Exosomes have emerged as a promising biomarker. These vesicles abound in biofluids and harbor molecular constituents from their parent cells, thereby offering a minimally-invasive avenue for molecular analyses. Despite such clinical potential, routine exosomal analysis, particularly the protein assay, remains challenging, due to requirements for large sample volumes and extensive processing. We have been developing miniaturized systems to facilitate clinical exosome studies. These systems can be categorized into two components: microfluidics for sample preparation and analytical tools for protein analyses. In this report, we review a new assay platform, nano-plasmonic exosome, in which sensing is based on surface plasmon resonance to achieve label-free exosome detection. Looking forward, we also discuss some potential challenges and improvements in exosome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Detecting cancers through tumor-activatable minicircles that lead to a detectable blood biomarker. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:3068-73. [PMID: 25713388 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1414156112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier detection of cancers can dramatically improve the efficacy of available treatment strategies. However, despite decades of effort on blood-based biomarker cancer detection, many promising endogenous biomarkers have failed clinically because of intractable problems such as highly variable background expression from nonmalignant tissues and tumor heterogeneity. In this work we present a tumor-detection strategy based on systemic administration of tumor-activatable minicircles that use the pan-tumor-specific Survivin promoter to drive expression of a secretable reporter that is detectable in the blood nearly exclusively in tumor-bearing subjects. After systemic administration we demonstrate a robust ability to differentiate mice bearing human melanoma metastases from tumor-free subjects for up to 2 wk simply by measuring blood reporter levels. Cumulative change in reporter levels also identified tumor-bearing subjects, and a receiver operator-characteristic curve analysis highlighted this test's performance with an area of 0.918 ± 0.084. Lung tumor burden additionally correlated (r(2) = 0.714; P < 0.05) with cumulative reporter levels, indicating that determination of disease extent was possible. Continued development of our system could improve tumor detectability dramatically because of the temporally controlled, high reporter expression in tumors and nearly zero background from healthy tissues. Our strategy's highly modular nature also allows it to be iteratively optimized over time to improve the test's sensitivity and specificity. We envision this system could be used first in patients at high risk for tumor recurrence, followed by screening high-risk populations before tumor diagnosis, and, if proven safe and effective, eventually may have potential as a powerful cancer-screening tool for the general population.
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68
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Rahim MK, Kota R, Haun JB. Enhancing reactivity for bioorthogonal pretargeting by unmasking antibody-conjugated trans-cyclooctenes. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:352-60. [PMID: 25584926 DOI: 10.1021/bc500605g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The bioorthogonal cycloaddition reaction between tetrazine and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) is rapidly growing in use for molecular imaging and cell-based diagnostics. We have surprisingly uncovered that the majority of TCOs conjugated to monoclonal antibodies using standard amine-coupling procedures are nonreactive. We show that antibody-bound TCOs are not inactivated by trans-cis isomerization and that the bulky cycloaddition reaction is not sterically hindered. Instead, TCOs are likely masked by hydrophobic interactions with the antibody. We show that introducing TCO via hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linkers can fully preserve reactivity, resulting in >5-fold enhancement in functional density without affecting antibody binding. This is accomplished using a novel dual bioorthogonal approach in which heterobifunctional dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO)-PEG-TCO molecules are reacted with azido-antibodies. Improved imaging capabilities are demonstrated for different cancer biomarkers using tetrazine-modified fluorophore and quantum dot probes. We believe that the PEG linkers prevent TCOs from burying within the antibody during conjugation, which could be relevant to other bioorthogonal tags and biomolecules. We expect the improved TCO reactivity obtained using the reported methods will significantly advance bioorthogonal pretargeting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha K Rahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and §Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
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Qiu X, De Jesus J, Pennell M, Troiani M, Haun JB. Microfluidic device for mechanical dissociation of cancer cell aggregates into single cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:339-350. [PMID: 25377468 PMCID: PMC4301619 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumors tissues house a diverse array of cell types, requiring powerful cell-based analysis methods to characterize cellular heterogeneity and identify rare cells. Tumor tissue is dissociated into single cells by treatment with proteolytic enzymes, followed by mechanical disruption using vortexing or pipetting. These procedures can be incomplete and require significant time, and the latter mechanical treatments are poorly defined and controlled. Here, we present a novel microfluidic device to improve mechanical dissociation of digested tissue and cell aggregates into single cells. The device design includes a network of branching channels that range in size from millimeters down to hundreds of microns. The channels also contain flow constrictions that generate well-defined regions of high shear force, which we refer to as "hydrodynamic micro-scalpels", to progressively disaggregate tissue fragments and clusters into single cells. We show using in vitro cancer cell models that the microfluidic device significantly enhances cell recovery in comparison to mechanical disruption by pipetting and vortexing after digestion with trypsin or incubation with EDTA. Notably, the device enabled superior results to be obtained after shorter proteolytic digestion times, resulting in fully viable cells in less than ten minutes. The device could also be operated under enzyme-free conditions that could better maintain expression of certain surface markers. The microfluidic format is advantageous because it enables application of well-defined mechanical forces and rapid processing times. Furthermore, it may be possible to directly integrate downstream processing and detection operations to create integrated cell-based analysis platforms. The enhanced capabilities enabled by our novel device may help promote applications of single cell detection and purification techniques to tumor tissue specimens, advancing the current understanding of cancer biology and enabling molecular diagnostics in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Janice De Jesus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Marissa Pennell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Marco Troiani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Jered B. Haun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
- Corresponding Author: Jered B. Haun, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Irvine 3107 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697 949-824-1243,
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70
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Dickherber A, Morris SA, Grodzinski P. NCI investment in nanotechnology: achievements and challenges for the future. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 7:251-65. [PMID: 25429991 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology offers an exceptional and unique opportunity for developing a new generation of tools addressing persistent challenges to progress in cancer research and clinical care. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) recognizes this potential, which is why it invests roughly $150 M per year in nanobiotechnology training, research and development. By exploiting the various capacities of nanomaterials, the range of nanoscale vectors and probes potentially available suggests much is possible for precisely investigating, manipulating, and targeting the mechanisms of cancer across the full spectrum of research and clinical care. NCI has played a key role among federal R&D agencies in recognizing early the value of nanobiotechnology in medicine and committing to its development as well as providing training support for new investigators in the field. These investments have allowed many in the research community to pursue breakthrough capabilities that have already yielded broad benefits. Presented here is an overview of how NCI has made these investments with some consideration of how it will continue to work with this research community to pursue paradigm-changing innovations that offer relief from the burdens of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Dickherber
- Office of the Director, Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives, NCI/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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71
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Kaittanis C, Shaffer TM, Thorek DLJ, Grimm J. Dawn of advanced molecular medicine: nanotechnological advancements in cancer imaging and therapy. Crit Rev Oncog 2014; 19:143-76. [PMID: 25271430 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2014011601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology plays an increasingly important role not only in our everyday life (with all its benefits and dangers) but also in medicine. Nanoparticles are to date the most intriguing option to deliver high concentrations of agents specifically and directly to cancer cells; therefore, a wide variety of these nanomaterials has been developed and explored. These span the range from simple nanoagents to sophisticated smart devices for drug delivery or imaging. Nanomaterials usually provide a large surface area, allowing for decoration with a large amount of moieties on the surface for either additional functionalities or targeting. Besides using particles solely for imaging purposes, they can also carry as a payload a therapeutic agent. If both are combined within the same particle, a theranostic agent is created. The sophistication of highly developed nanotechnology targeting approaches provides a promising means for many clinical implementations and can provide improved applications for otherwise suboptimal formulations. In this review we will explore nanotechnology both for imaging and therapy to provide a general overview of the field and its impact on cancer imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Kaittanis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Travis M Shaffer
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel L J Thorek
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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72
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Kwon H, Park J, An Y, Sim J, Park S. A smartphone metabolomics platform and its application to the assessment of cisplatin-induced kidney toxicity. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 845:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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73
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Ozcan A. Mobile phones democratize and cultivate next-generation imaging, diagnostics and measurement tools. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:3187-94. [PMID: 24647550 PMCID: PMC4117730 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this article, I discuss some of the emerging applications and the future opportunities and challenges created by the use of mobile phones and their embedded components for the development of next-generation imaging, sensing, diagnostics and measurement tools. The massive volume of mobile phone users, which has now reached ~7 billion, drives the rapid improvements of the hardware, software and high-end imaging and sensing technologies embedded in our phones, transforming the mobile phone into a cost-effective and yet extremely powerful platform to run, e.g., biomedical tests, and perform scientific measurements that would normally require advanced laboratory instruments. This rapidly evolving and continuing trend will help us transform how medicine, engineering and sciences are practiced and taught globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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74
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Issadore D, Park YI, Shao H, Min C, Lee K, Liong M, Weissleder R, Lee H. Magnetic sensing technology for molecular analyses. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2385-97. [PMID: 24887807 PMCID: PMC4098149 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00314d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic biosensors, based on nanomaterials and miniature electronics, have emerged as a powerful diagnostic platform. Benefiting from the inherently negligible magnetic background of biological objects, magnetic detection is highly selective even in complex biological media. The sensing thus requires minimal sample purification and yet achieves a high signal-to-background contrast. Moreover, magnetic sensors are also well-suited for miniaturization to match the size of biological targets, which enables sensitive detection of rare cells and small amounts of molecular markers. We herein summarize recent advances in magnetic sensing technologies, with an emphasis on clinical applications in point-of-care settings. Key components of sensors, including magnetic nanomaterials, labeling strategies and magnetometry, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Issadore
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Y. I. Park
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - H. Shao
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - C. Min
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - K. Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - M. Liong
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - R. Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - H. Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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75
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Conde J, Dias JT, Grazú V, Moros M, Baptista PV, de la Fuente JM. Revisiting 30 years of biofunctionalization and surface chemistry of inorganic nanoparticles for nanomedicine. Front Chem 2014; 2:48. [PMID: 25077142 PMCID: PMC4097105 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 30 years we have assisted to a massive advance of nanomaterials in material science. Nanomaterials and structures, in addition to their small size, have properties that differ from those of larger bulk materials, making them ideal for a host of novel applications. The spread of nanotechnology in the last years has been due to the improvement of synthesis and characterization methods on the nanoscale, a field rich in new physical phenomena and synthetic opportunities. In fact, the development of functional nanoparticles has progressed exponentially over the past two decades. This work aims to extensively review 30 years of different strategies of surface modification and functionalization of noble metal (gold) nanoparticles, magnetic nanocrystals and semiconductor nanoparticles, such as quantum dots. The aim of this review is not only to provide in-depth insights into the different biofunctionalization and characterization methods, but also to give an overview of possibilities and limitations of the available nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Conde
- Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jorge T. Dias
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
| | - Valeria Grazú
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Moros
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- CIGMH, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Jesus M. de la Fuente
- Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics Group, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
- Fundacion ARAIDZaragoza, Spain
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Bio-Nano Science and Engineering, Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Research Institute of Translation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
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76
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Liong M, Im H, Majmudar MD, Aguirre AD, Sebas M, Lee H, Weissleder R. Magnetic ligation method for quantitative detection of microRNAs. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1015-9. [PMID: 24532323 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic ligation method is utilized for the detection of microRNAs among a complex biological background without polymerase chain reaction or nucleotide modification. The sandwich probes assay can be adapted to analyze a panel of microRNAs associated with cardiovascular diseases in heart tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monty Liong
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Maulik D. Majmudar
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Aaron D. Aguirre
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Matthew Sebas
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Systems Biology; Harvard Medical School; 200 Longwood Ave., Alpert 536 Boston MA 02115 USA
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77
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Wong A, Boutin C, Aguiar PM. (1)H high resolution magic-angle coil spinning (HR-MACS) μNMR metabolic profiling of whole Saccharomyces cervisiae cells: a demonstrative study. Front Chem 2014; 2:38. [PMID: 24971307 PMCID: PMC4053607 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The low sensitivity and thus need for large sample volume is one of the major drawbacks of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This is especially problematic for performing rich metabolic profiling of scarce samples such as whole cells or living organisms. This study evaluates a 1H HR-MAS approach for metabolic profiling of small volumes (250 nl) of whole cells. We have applied an emerging micro-NMR technology, high-resolution magic-angle coil spinning (HR-MACS), to study whole Saccharomyces cervisiae cells. We find that high-resolution high-sensitivity spectra can be obtained with only 19 million cells and, as a demonstration of the metabolic profiling potential, we perform two independent metabolomics studies identifying the significant metabolites associated with osmotic stress and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Wong
- CEA Saclay, DSM, IRAMIS, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299 - NIMBE, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Céline Boutin
- CEA Saclay, DSM, IRAMIS, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299 - NIMBE, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pedro M Aguiar
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, York, UK
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78
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Peripheral Blood. Clin Ther 2014; 36:830-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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79
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Zhang E, Kircher MF, Koch M, Eliasson L, Goldberg SN, Renström E. Dynamic magnetic fields remote-control apoptosis via nanoparticle rotation. ACS NANO 2014; 8:3192-201. [PMID: 24597847 PMCID: PMC4004315 DOI: 10.1021/nn406302j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the movement of nanoparticles remotely and with high precision would have far-reaching implications in many areas of nanotechnology. We have designed a unique dynamic magnetic field (DMF) generator that can induce rotational movements of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). We examined whether the rotational nanoparticle movement could be used for remote induction of cell death by injuring lysosomal membrane structures. We further hypothesized that the shear forces created by the generation of oscillatory torques (incomplete rotation) of SPIONs bound to lysosomal membranes would cause membrane permeabilization, lead to extravasation of lysosomal contents into the cytoplasm, and induce apoptosis. To this end, we covalently conjugated SPIONs with antibodies targeting the lysosomal protein marker LAMP1 (LAMP1-SPION). Remote activation of slow rotation of LAMP1-SPIONs significantly improved the efficacy of cellular internalization of the nanoparticles. LAMP1-SPIONs then preferentially accumulated along the membrane in lysosomes in both rat insulinoma tumor cells and human pancreatic beta cells due to binding of LAMP1-SPIONs to endogenous LAMP1. Further activation of torques by the LAMP1-SPIONs bound to lysosomes resulted in rapid decrease in size and number of lysosomes, attributable to tearing of the lysosomal membrane by the shear force of the rotationally activated LAMP1-SPIONs. This remote activation resulted in an increased expression of early and late apoptotic markers and impaired cell growth. Our findings suggest that DMF treatment of lysosome-targeted nanoparticles offers a noninvasive tool to induce apoptosis remotely and could serve as an important platform technology for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 205 02, Sweden
- Address correspondence to ,
| | - Moritz F. Kircher
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10038, United States
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Martin Koch
- Stetter Elektronik, Seeheim-Jugenheim, Hessen 64342, Germany
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 205 02, Sweden
| | - S. Nahum Goldberg
- Laboratory for Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division of Image-guided Therapy and Interventional Oncology, Department of Radiology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Erik Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 205 02, Sweden
- Address correspondence to ,
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80
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Singh A, Sahoo SK. Magnetic nanoparticles: a novel platform for cancer theranostics. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:474-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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81
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Santiesteban OJ, Kaittanis C, Perez JM. Identification of toxin inhibitors using a magnetic nanosensor-based assay. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1202-1211. [PMID: 24339142 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic nanosensor-based method is described to screen a library of drugs for potential binding to toxins. Screening is performed by measuring changes in the magnetic relaxation signal of the nanosensors (bMR nanosensors) in aqueous suspension upon addition of the toxin. The Anthrax lethal factor (ALF) is selected as a model toxin to test the ability of our bMR nanosensor-based screening method to identify potential inhibitors of the toxin. Out of 30 molecules screened, sulindac, naproxen and fusaric acid are found to bind LF, with dissociation constants in the low micromolar range. Further biological analysis of the free molecules in solution indicate that sulindac and its metabolic products inhibited LF cytotoxicity to macrophages with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Meanwhile, fusaric acid is found to be less effective at inhibiting LF cytotoxicity, while naproxen does not inhibit LF toxicity. Most importantly, when the sulindac and fusaric acid-bMR nanosensors themselves are tested as LF inhibitors, as opposed to the corresponding free molecules, they are stronger inhibitors of LF with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Taken together, these studies show that a bMR nanosensors-based assay can be used to screen known drugs and other small molecules for inhibitor of toxins. The method can be easily modified to screen for inhibitors of other molecular interactions and not only the selected free molecule can be study as potential inhibitors but also the bMR nanosensors themselves achieving greater inhibitory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar J Santiesteban
- NanoScience Technology Center, 12424 Research Parway, Suite 400, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA; Department of Chemistry, 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences Bld, Room 255, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
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82
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Kaittanis C, Shaffer TM, Ogirala A, Santra S, Perez JM, Chiosis G, Li Y, Josephson L, Grimm J. Environment-responsive nanophores for therapy and treatment monitoring via molecular MRI quenching. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3384. [PMID: 24594970 PMCID: PMC4108301 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective delivery of therapeutics to disease sites significantly contributes to drug efficacy, toxicity and clearance. Here we demonstrate that clinically approved iron oxide nanoparticles (Ferumoxytol) can be utilized to carry one or multiple drugs. These so called ‘nanophores’ retain their cargo within their polymeric coating through weak electrostatic interactions and release it in slightly acidic conditions (pH 6.8 and below). The loading of drugs increases the nanophores’ transverse T2 and longitudinal T1 NMR proton relaxation times, which is proportional to amount of carried cargo. Chemotherapy with translational nanophores is more effective than the free drug in vitro and in vivo, without subjecting the drugs or the carrier nanoparticle to any chemical modification. Evaluation of cargo incorporation and payload levels in vitro and in vivo can be assessed via benchtop magnetic relaxometers, common NMR instruments or MRI scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Kaittanis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Travis M Shaffer
- 1] Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, Graduate Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Anuja Ogirala
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Santimukul Santra
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, 1701 S Broadway Street, Pittsburg, Kansas 66762, USA
| | - J Manuel Perez
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, USA
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Yueming Li
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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83
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Farrell D, Hinkal G, Grodzinski P. Introduction to Biomedical Nanotechnology. Nanotoxicology 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b16562-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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84
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Winter M, Gibson R, Ruszkiewicz A, Thompson SK, Thierry B. Beyond conventional pathology: Towards preoperative and intraoperative lymph node staging. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:743-51. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marnie Winter
- Ian Wark Research Institute; University of South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology School of Medical Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | | | - Sarah K. Thompson
- Department of Surgery Royal Adelaide Hospital and School of Health Sciences; University of South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- Ian Wark Research Institute; University of South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
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85
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Muluneh M, Issadore D. Microchip-based detection of magnetically labeled cancer biomarkers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 66:101-9. [PMID: 24099664 PMCID: PMC4418637 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Micro-magnetic sensing and actuation have emerged as powerful tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer. These technologies can be miniaturized and integrated onto compact, microfluidic platforms, enabling molecular diagnostics to be performed in practical clinical settings. Molecular targets tagged with magnetic nanoparticles can be detected with high sensitivity directly in unprocessed clinical samples (e.g. blood, sputum) due to the inherently negligible magnetic susceptibility of biological material. As a result, magnetic microchip-based diagnostics have been applied with great success to the isolation and detection of rare cells and the measurement of sparse soluble proteins. In this paper, we review recent advances in microchip-based detection of magnetically labeled biomarkers and their translation to clinical applications in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Muluneh
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Department of Bioengineering
| | - David Issadore
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Department of Bioengineering and Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering.
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86
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Grodzinski P, Farrell D. Future opportunities in cancer nanotechnology--NCI strategic workshop report. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1307-10. [PMID: 24413533 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There has been significant progress in utilizing nanotechnology in several areas of cancer care, including in vitro diagnostics, imaging, and therapy. The National Cancer Institute, which currently supports an array of research activities in cancer nanotechnology, convened a strategic workshop to explore the most promising directions and areas for future resource investment. The major discussion points as well as the opportunities identified are presented herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Grodzinski
- Authors' Affiliation: Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Castro CM, Ghazani AA, Chung J, Shao H, Issadore D, Yoon TJ, Weissleder R, Lee H. Miniaturized nuclear magnetic resonance platform for detection and profiling of circulating tumor cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:14-23. [PMID: 23835814 PMCID: PMC3844052 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50621e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accurate detection and profiling of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a highly sought after technology to improve cancer management. Such "liquid biopsies" could offer a non-invasive, repeatable window into each patient's tumor, facilitating early cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. The rarity of CTCs, approximated at 1 CTC for every billion peripheral blood cells, however, poses significant challenges to sensitive and reliable detection. We have recently developed a new micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (μNMR) platform for biosensing. Through the synergistic integration of microfabrication, nanosensors, and novel chemistries, the μNMR platform offers high detection sensitivity and point-of-care operation, overcoming technical barriers in CTC research. We herein review the μNMR technology with emphasis on its application to CTC detection. Recent advances in the sensing technology will be summarized, followed by the description of the dynamic interplay between our preclinical and clinical CTC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar M. Castro
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Arezou A. Ghazani
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Jaehoon Chung
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Huilin Shao
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - David Issadore
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tae-Jong Yoon
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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88
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Gao Y, Yuan Z. Nanotechnology for the detection and kill of circulating tumor cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:500. [PMID: 25258614 PMCID: PMC4174536 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a surrogate biomarker of hematogenous metastases and thus could be considered as a 'liquid biopsy' which reveals metastasis in action. But it is absolutely a challenge to detect CTCs due to their extreme rarity. At present, the most common principle is to take advantage of the epithelial surface markers of CTCs which attach to a specific antibody. Antibody-magnetic nanobeads combine with the epithelial surface markers, and then the compound is processed by washing, separation, and detection. However, a proportion of CTC antigen expressions are down-regulated or lost in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and thus, this part of CTCs cannot be detected by classical detection methods such as CellSearch. To resolve this problem, some multiple-marker CTC detections have been developed rapidly. Additionally, nanotechnology is a promising approach to kill CTCs with high efficiency. Implantable nanotubes coated with apoptosis-promoting molecules improve the disease-free survival and overall survival. The review introduces some novel CTC detection techniques and therapeutic methods by virtue of nanotechnology to provide a better knowledge of the progress about CTC study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhou Yuan
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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89
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Liong M, Hoang AN, Chung J, Gural N, Ford CB, Min C, Shah RR, Ahmad R, Fernandez-Suarez M, Fortune SM, Toner M, Lee H, Weissleder R. Magnetic barcode assay for genetic detection of pathogens. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1752. [PMID: 23612293 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The task of rapidly identifying patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in resource-constrained environments remains a challenge. A sensitive and robust platform that does not require bacterial isolation or culture is critical in making informed diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Here we introduce a platform for the detection of nucleic acids based on a magnetic barcoding strategy. PCR-amplified mycobacterial genes are sequence-specifically captured on microspheres, labelled by magnetic nanoprobes and detected by nuclear magnetic resonance. All components are integrated into a single, small fluidic cartridge for streamlined on-chip operation. We use this platform to detect M. tuberculosis and identify drug-resistance strains from mechanically processed sputum samples within 2.5 h. The specificity of the assay is confirmed by detecting a panel of clinically relevant non-M. tuberculosis bacteria, and the clinical utility is demonstrated by the measurements in M. tuberculosis-positive patient specimens. Combined with portable systems, the magnetic barcode assay holds promise to become a sensitive, high-throughput and low-cost platform for point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monty Liong
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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90
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Ghazani AA, Pectasides M, Sharma A, Castro CM, Mino-Kenudson M, Lee H, Shepard JAO, Weissleder R. Molecular characterization of scant lung tumor cells using iron-oxide nanoparticles and micro-nuclear magnetic resonance. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:661-8. [PMID: 24200523 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Advances in nanotechnology and microfluidics are enabling the analysis of small amounts of human cells. We tested whether recently developed micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (μNMR) technology could be leveraged for diagnosing pulmonary malignancy using fine needle aspirate (FNA) of primary lesions and/or peripheral blood samples. We enrolled a cohort of 35 patients referred for CT biopsy of primary pulmonary nodules, liver or adrenal masses and concurrently obtained FNA and peripheral blood samples. FNA sampling yielded sufficient material for μNMR analysis in 91% of cases and had a sensitivity and specificity of 91.6% and 100% respectively. Interestingly, among blood samples with positive circulating tumor cells (CTC), μNMR analysis of each patient's peripheral blood led to similar diagnosis (malignant vs benign) and differential diagnosis (lung malignancy subtype) in 100% and 90% (18/20) of samples, respectively. μNMR appears to be a valuable, non-invasive adjunct in the diagnosis of lung cancer. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR The authors of this study established that recently developed micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (μNMR) technology can be leveraged for diagnosing pulmonary malignancy using fine needle aspirate (FNA) of primary lesions and/or peripheral blood samples derived from 35 patients, suggesting practical clinical applicability of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou A Ghazani
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Melina Pectasides
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit St, Boston, MA
| | - Amita Sharma
- Department of Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit St, Boston, MA
| | - Cesar M Castro
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit St, Boston, MA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jo-Anne O Shepard
- Department of Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit St, Boston, MA.
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit St, Boston, MA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA.
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91
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Ly J, Masterman-Smith M, Ramakrishnan R, Sun J, Kokubun B, van Dam RM. Automated reagent-dispensing system for microfluidic cell biology assays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:530-41. [PMID: 24051515 DOI: 10.1177/2211068213504758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Microscale systems that enable measurements of oncological phenomena at the single-cell level have a great capacity to improve therapeutic strategies and diagnostics. Such measurements can reveal unprecedented insights into cellular heterogeneity and its implications into the progression and treatment of complicated cellular disease processes such as those found in cancer. We describe a novel fluid-delivery platform to interface with low-cost microfluidic chips containing arrays of microchambers. Using multiple pairs of needles to aspirate and dispense reagents, the platform enables automated coating of chambers, loading of cells, and treatment with growth media or other agents (e.g., drugs, fixatives, membrane permeabilizers, washes, stains, etc.). The chips can be quantitatively assayed using standard fluorescence-based immunocytochemistry, microscopy, and image analysis tools, to determine, for example, drug response based on differences in protein expression and/or activation of cellular targets on an individual-cell level. In general, automation of fluid and cell handling increases repeatability, eliminates human error, and enables increased throughput, especially for sophisticated, multistep assays such as multiparameter quantitative immunocytochemistry. We report the design of the automated platform and compare several aspects of its performance to manually-loaded microfluidic chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Ly
- 1Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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92
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Zhang L, Dong WF, Sun HB. Multifunctional superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: design, synthesis and biomedical photonic applications. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:7664-7684. [PMID: 23877222 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have shown great promise in biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the design and fabrication of core-shell and hetero-structured SPIONs and further outline some exciting developments and progresses of these multifunctional SPIONs for diagnosis, multimodality imaging, therapy, and biophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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93
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Issadore D, Chung HJ, Chung J, Budin G, Weissleder R, Lee H. μHall chip for sensitive detection of bacteria. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:1224-8. [PMID: 23495188 PMCID: PMC4340655 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive, rapid and phenotype-specific enumeration of pathogens is essential for the diagnosis of infectious disease, monitoring of food chains, and for defense against bioterrorism. Microbiological culture and genotyping, techniques that sensitively and selectively detect bacteria in laboratory settings, have limited application in clinical environments due to high cost, slow response times, and the need for specially trained staff and laboratory infrastructure. To address these challenges, we developed a microfluidic chip-based micro-Hall (μHall) platform capable of measuring single, magnetically tagged bacteria directly in clinical specimens with minimal sample processing. We demonstrated the clinical utility of the μHall chip by enumerating Gram-positive bacteria. The overall detection limit of the system was similar to that of culture tests (~10 bacteria), but the assay time was 50-times faster. This low-cost, single-cell analytical technique is especially well-suited to diagnose infectious diseases in resource-limited clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Issadore
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Hyun Jung Chung
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Jaehoon Chung
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ghyslain Budin
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114
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94
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Yu L, Ng SR, Xu Y, Dong H, Wang YJ, Li CM. Advances of lab-on-a-chip in isolation, detection and post-processing of circulating tumour cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:3163-82. [PMID: 23771017 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc00052d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are shed by primary tumours and are found in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic cancers. Recent studies have shown that the number of CTCs corresponds with disease severity and prognosis. Therefore, detection and further functional analysis of CTCs are important for biomedical science, early diagnosis of cancer metastasis and tracking treatment efficacy in cancer patients, especially in point-of-care applications. Over the last few years, there has been an increasing shift towards not only capturing and detecting these rare cells, but also ensuring their viability for post-processing, such as cell culture and genetic analysis. High throughput lab-on-a-chip (LOC) has been fuelled up to process and analyse heterogeneous real patient samples while gaining profound insights for cancer biology. In this review, we highlight how miniaturisation strategies together with nanotechnologies have been used to advance LOC for capturing, separating, enriching and detecting different CTCs efficiently, while meeting the challenges of cell viability, high throughput multiplex or single-cell detection and post-processing. We begin this survey with an introduction to CTC biology, followed by description of the use of various materials, microstructures and nanostructures for design of LOC to achieve miniaturisation, as well as how various CTC capture or separation strategies can enhance cell capture and enrichment efficiencies, purity and viability. The significant progress of various nanotechnologies-based detection techniques to achieve high sensitivities and low detection limits for viable CTCs and/or to enable CTC post-processing are presented and the fundamental insights are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of the technologies are enumerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Institute for Clean Energy & Advanced Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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95
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Yang KS, Budin G, Tassa C, Kister O, Weissleder R. Bioorthogonal Approach to Identify Unsuspected Drug Targets in Live Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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96
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Yang KS, Budin G, Tassa C, Kister O, Weissleder R. Bioorthogonal approach to identify unsuspected drug targets in live cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10593-7. [PMID: 23960025 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A proteomics method to pull down secondary drug targets from live cells is described. The drug of interest is modified with trans-cyclooctene (TCO) and incubated with live cells. Upon cell lysis, the modified drug bound to the protein is pulled down using magnetic beads decorated with a cleavable tetrazine-modified linker. Samples are then run on an SDS-PAGE gel and isolated bands are submitted for mass spectrometry analysis to identify drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Yang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114 (USA)
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97
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Heidt T, Nahrendorf M. Multimodal iron oxide nanoparticles for hybrid biomedical imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:756-765. [PMID: 23065771 PMCID: PMC3549036 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide core nanoparticles are attractive imaging agents because their material properties allow the tuning of pharmacokinetics as well as the attachment of multiple moieties to their surface. In addition to affinity ligands, these include fluorochromes and radioisotopes for detection with optical and nuclear imaging. As the iron oxide core can be detected by MRI, options for combining imaging modalities are manifold. Already, preclinical imaging strategies have combined noninvasive imaging with higher resolution techniques, such as intravital microscopy, to gain unprecedented insight into steady-state biology and disease. Going forward, hybrid iron oxide nanoparticles will help to merge modalities, creating a synergy that will enable imaging in basic research and, potentially, also in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Heidt
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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98
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Cormode DP, Sanchez-Gaytan BL, Mieszawska AJ, Fayad ZA, Mulder WJM. Inorganic nanocrystals as contrast agents in MRI: synthesis, coating and introduction of multifunctionality. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:766-80. [PMID: 23303729 PMCID: PMC3674179 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanocrystals have myriad applications in medicine, including their use as drug or gene delivery complexes, therapeutic hyperthermia agents, in diagnostic systems and as contrast agents in a wide range of medical imaging techniques. In MRI, nanocrystals can produce contrast themselves, with iron oxides having been the most extensively explored, or can be given a coating that generates MR contrast, for example gold nanoparticles coated with gadolinium chelates. These MR-active nanocrystals can be used for imaging of the vasculature, liver and other organs, as well as molecular imaging, cell tracking and theranostics. As a result of these exciting applications, the synthesis and rendering of these nanocrystals as water soluble and biocompatible are therefore highly desirable. We discuss aqueous phase and organic phase methods for the synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals, such as gold, iron oxides and quantum dots. The pros and cons of the various methods are highlighted. We explore various methods for making nanocrystals biocompatible, i.e. direct synthesis of nanocrystals coated with biocompatible coatings, ligand substitution, amphiphile coating and embedding in carrier matrices that can be made biocompatible. Various examples are highlighted and their applications explained. These examples signify that the synthesis of biocompatible nanocrystals with controlled properties has been achieved by numerous research groups and can be applied to a wide range of applications. Therefore, we expect to see reports of preclinical applications of ever more complex MRI-active nanoparticles and their wider exploitation, as well as in novel clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P. Cormode
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029, Tel. +1-212-241-6549, Fax +1-240-368-8096
- Radiology Department, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Brenda L. Sanchez-Gaytan
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029, Tel. +1-212-241-6549, Fax +1-240-368-8096
| | - Aneta J. Mieszawska
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029, Tel. +1-212-241-6549, Fax +1-240-368-8096
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029, Tel. +1-212-241-6549, Fax +1-240-368-8096
| | - Willem J. M. Mulder
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1234, New York, NY 10029, Tel. +1-212-241-6549, Fax +1-240-368-8096
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99
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Neely LA, Audeh M, Phung NA, Min M, Suchocki A, Plourde D, Blanco M, Demas V, Skewis LR, Anagnostou T, Coleman JJ, Wellman P, Mylonakis E, Lowery TJ. T2 Magnetic Resonance Enables Nanoparticle-Mediated Rapid Detection of Candidemia in Whole Blood. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:182ra54. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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100
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Ghazani AA, McDermott S, Pectasides M, Sebas M, Mino-Kenudson M, Lee H, Weissleder R, Castro CM. Comparison of select cancer biomarkers in human circulating and bulk tumor cells using magnetic nanoparticles and a miniaturized micro-NMR system. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:1009-17. [PMID: 23570873 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Circulating tumor cells (CTC) harvested from peripheral blood have received significant interest as sources for serial sampling to gauge treatment efficacy. Nanotechnology and microfluidic based approaches are emerging to facilitate such analyses. While of considerable clinical importance, there is little information on how similar or different CTCs are from their shedding bulk tumors. In this clinical study, paired tumor fine needle aspirate and peripheral blood samples were obtained from cancer patients during image-guided biopsy. Using targeted magnetic nanoparticles and a point-of-care micro-NMR system, we compared selected biomarkers (EpCAM, EGFR, HER-2 and vimentin) in both CTC and fine needle biopsies of solid epithelial cancers. We show a weak correlation between each paired sample, suggesting that use of CTC as "liquid biopsies" and proxies to metastatic solid lesions could be misleading. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this clinical study, paired tumor fine needle aspirate and peripheral blood samples were obtained from patients with solid epithelial cancers during image-guided biopsy. Using targeted magnetic nanoparticles and a point-of-care micro-NMR system, the authors compared selected biomarkers in both circulating tumor cells (CTC) and fine needle biopsies, demonstrating a weak correlation between each paired sample, suggesting that use of CTC could be misleading in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou A Ghazani
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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