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Solé C, Tramonti D, Schramm M, Goicoechea I, Armesto M, Hernandez LI, Manterola L, Fernandez-Mercado M, Mujika K, Tuneu A, Jaka A, Tellaetxe M, Friedländer MR, Estivill X, Piazza P, Ortiz-Romero PL, Middleton MR, Lawrie CH. The Circulating Transcriptome as a Source of Biomarkers for Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010070. [PMID: 30634628 PMCID: PMC6356785 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The circulating transcriptome is a valuable source of cancer biomarkers, which, with the exception of microRNAs (miRNAs), remains relatively unexplored. To elucidate which RNAs are present in plasma from melanoma patients and which could be used to distinguish cancer patients from healthy individuals, we used next generation sequencing (NGS), and validation was carried out by qPCR and/or ddPCR. We identified 442 different microRNAs in samples, eleven of which were differentially expressed (p < 0.05). Levels of miR-134-5p and miR-320a-3p were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.001) in melanoma samples (n = 96) compared to healthy controls (n = 28). Differentially expressed protein-encoding mRNA 5'-fragments were enriched for the angiopoietin, p21-activated kinase (PAK), and EIF2 pathways. Levels of ATM1, AMFR, SOS1, and CD109 gene fragments were up-regulated (p < 0.001) in melanoma samples (n = 144) compared to healthy controls (n = 41) (AUC = 0.825). Over 40% of mapped reads were YRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs that to date has been little explored. Expression levels of RNY3P1, RNY4P1, and RNY4P25 were significantly higher in patients with stage 0 disease than either healthy controls or more advanced stage disease (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we have identified a number of novel RNA biomarkers, which, most importantly, we validated in multi-center retrospective and prospective cohorts, suggesting potential diagnostic use of these RNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Solé
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
| | - Daniela Tramonti
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Maike Schramm
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | - Ibai Goicoechea
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
| | - María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
| | - Luiza I Hernandez
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
| | - Lorea Manterola
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
| | | | - Karmele Mujika
- Onkologikoa-Oncology Institute Gipuzkoa, Gipuzkoa 20012, Spain.
| | - Anna Tuneu
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastian 20012, Spain.
| | - Ane Jaka
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastian 20012, Spain.
| | - Maitena Tellaetxe
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
| | - Marc R Friedländer
- Genomics and Disease group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08002, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona 08002, Spain.
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Science for Life Laboratory, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 9, Sweden.
| | - Xavier Estivill
- Genomics and Disease group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08002, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona 08002, Spain.
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Paolo Piazza
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
- Imperial BRC Genomics Facility, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Pablo L Ortiz-Romero
- Department of Dermatology, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Madrid 28041, Spain.
- Medical School, Universidad Complutense, Institute i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncologia (CIBERONC), Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Mark R Middleton
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián 20012, Spain.
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain.
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Izraely S, Ben-Menachem S, Sagi-Assif O, Telerman A, Zubrilov I, Ashkenazi O, Meshel T, Maman S, Orozco JI, Salomon MP, Marzese DM, Pasmanik-Chor M, Pikarski E, Ehrlich M, Hoon DS, Witz IP. The metastatic microenvironment: Melanoma-microglia cross-talk promotes the malignant phenotype of melanoma cells. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:802-817. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Izraely
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Shlomit Ben-Menachem
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Alona Telerman
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Inna Zubrilov
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Ofir Ashkenazi
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Shelly Maman
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Javier I.J. Orozco
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine; John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center; Santa Monica CA
| | - Matthew P. Salomon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine; John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center; Santa Monica CA
| | - Diego M. Marzese
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine; John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center; Santa Monica CA
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinforamatics Unit, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science; Tel Aviv University; Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Eli Pikarski
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research; Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Dave S.B. Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine; John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center; Santa Monica CA
| | - Isaac P. Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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Yin J, Wang B, Zhu C, Sun C, Liu X. [Local injection of angiopoietin 2 promotes angiogenesis in tissue engineered bone and repair of bone defect with autophagy induction in vivo]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:1150-1156. [PMID: 30129346 PMCID: PMC8413973 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201804105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the mechanism of early vascularization of the tissue engineered bone in the treatment of rabbit radial bone defect by local injection of angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2). Methods A single 1.5 cm long radius defect model (left and right sides randomised) was constructed from 48 New Zealand white rabbits. After implantation of hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffolds in bone defects, the rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (group A) and Ang-2 group (group B) were injected with 1 mL normal saline and 1 mL saline-soluble 400 ng/mL Ang-2 daily at the bone defect within 2 weeks after operation, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of autophagy related protein [microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin-1], angiogenesis related protein [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], and autophagy degradable substrate protein (SQSTMl/p62) in callus. X-ray films examination and Lane-Sandhu X-ray scoring were performed to evaluate the bone defect repair at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation. The rabbits were sacrificed at 12 weeks after operation for gross observation, and the angiogenesis of bone defect was observed by HE staining. Results Western blot assay showed that the relative expression of LC3-II/LC3-I, Beclin-1, and VEGF in group B was significantly higher than that in group A, and the relative expression of SQSTMl/p62 was significantly lower than that in group A ( P<0.05). Radiographic and gross observation of specimens showed that only a small number of callus were formed in group A, the bone defect was not repaired; more callus were formed and complete repair of bone defect was observed in group B. The Lane-Sandhu scores in group B were significantly higher than those in group A at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation ( P<0.05). HE staining showed that the Harvard tubes in group B were well arranged and the number of new vessels was significantly higher than that in group A ( t=-11.879, P=0.000). Conclusion Local injection of appropriate concentration of Ang-2 may promote early vascularization and bone defect repair of rabbit tissue engineered bone by enhancing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100,
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Ghasabi M, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Duijf PH, Shomali N, Shirafkan N, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. MicroRNAs in cancer drug resistance: Basic evidence and clinical applications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2152-2168. [PMID: 30146724 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of drug resistance has considerably limited the efficacy of cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning the innate or the acquired resistance to these therapies is critical to improve drug efficiency and clinical outcomes. Several studies have implicated microRNAs (miRNA) in this process. MiRNAs repress gene expression by specific binding to complementary sequences in the 3' region of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), followed by target mRNA degradation or blocked translation. By targeting molecules specific to a particular pathway within tumor cells, the new generation of cancer treatment strategies has shown significant advantages over conventional chemotherapy. However, the long-term efficacy of targeted therapies often remains poor, because tumor cells develop resistance to such therapeutics. Targeted therapies often involve monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as those blocking the ErB/HER tyrosine kinases, epidermal growth factor receptor (cetuximab) and HER2 (trastuzumab), and those inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling (e.g., bevacizumab). Even though these are among the most used agents in tumor medicine, clinical response to these drugs is reduced due to the emergence of drug resistance as a result of toxic effects in the tumor microenvironment. Research on different types of human cancers has revealed that aberrant expression of miRNAs promotes resistance to the aforementioned drugs. In this study, we review the mechanisms of tumor cell resistance to mAb therapies and the role of miRNAs therein. Emerging treatment strategies combine therapies using innovative miRNA mimics or antagonizers with conventional approaches to maximize outcomes of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Ghasabi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pascal Hg Duijf
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Shirafkan
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Herraiz C, Jiménez-Cervantes C, Sánchez-Laorden B, García-Borrón JC. Functional interplay between secreted ligands and receptors in melanoma. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 78:73-84. [PMID: 28676423 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, results from the malignant transformation of melanocytes located in the basement membrane separating the epidermal and dermal skin compartments. Cutaneous melanoma is often initiated by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced mutations. Melanocytes intimately interact with keratinocytes, which provide growth factors and melanocortin peptides acting as paracrine regulators of proliferation and differentiation. Keratinocyte-derived melanocortins activate melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) to protect melanocytes from the carcinogenic effect of UVR. Accordingly, MC1R is a major determinant of susceptibility to melanoma. Despite extensive phenotypic heterogeneity and high mutation loads, the molecular basis of melanomagenesis and the molecules mediating the crosstalk between melanoma and stromal cells are relatively well understood. Mutations of intracellular effectors of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signalling, notably NRAS and BRAF, are major driver events more frequent than mutations in RTKs. Nevertheless, melanomas often display aberrant signalling from RTKs such as KIT, ERRB1-4, FGFR, MET and PDGFR, which contribute to disease progression and resistance to targeted therapies. Progress has also been made to unravel the role of the tumour secretome in preparing the metastatic niche. However, key aspects of the melanoma-stroma interplay, such as the molecular determinants of dormancy, remain poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Herraiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Celia Jiménez-Cervantes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Berta Sánchez-Laorden
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - José C García-Borrón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
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Itatani Y, Kawada K, Yamamoto T, Sakai Y. Resistance to Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Cancer-Alterations to Anti-VEGF Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041232. [PMID: 29670046 PMCID: PMC5979390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy is one of the promising strategies for many types of solid cancers. Bevacizumab (Avastin), a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A, was approved for the first time as an anti-angiogenic drug for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004. In addition, the other VEGF pathway inhibitors including small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (sunitinib, sorafenib, and pazopanib), a soluble VEGF decoy receptor (aflibercept), and a humanized monoclonal antibody of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) (ramucirumab) have been approved for cancer therapy. Although many types of VEGF pathway inhibitors can improve survival in most cancer patients, some patients have little or no beneficial effect from them. The primary or acquired resistance towards many oncological drugs, including anti-VEGF inhibitors, is a common problem in cancer treatment. This review summarizes the proposed alternative mechanisms of angiogenesis other than the VEGF pathway. These mechanisms are involved in the development of resistance to anti-VEGF therapies in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Itatani
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kenji Kawada
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Takamasa Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Yoshiharu Sakai
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a major therapeutic modality in oncology. Currently, however, the majority of patients with cancer do not derive benefit from these treatments. Vascular abnormalities are a hallmark of most solid tumours and facilitate immune evasion. These abnormalities stem from elevated levels of proangiogenic factors, such as VEGF and angiopoietin 2 (ANG2); judicious use of drugs targeting these molecules can improve therapeutic responsiveness, partially owing to normalization of the abnormal tumour vasculature that can, in turn, increase the infiltration of immune effector cells into tumours and convert the intrinsically immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) to an immunosupportive one. Immunotherapy relies on the accumulation and activity of immune effector cells within the TME, and immune responses and vascular normalization seem to be reciprocally regulated. Thus, combining antiangiogenic therapies and immunotherapies might increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy and diminish the risk of immune-related adverse effects. In this Perspective, we outline the roles of VEGF and ANG2 in tumour immune evasion and progression, and discuss the evidence indicating that antiangiogenic agents can normalize the TME. We also suggest ways that antiangiogenic agents can be combined with immune-checkpoint inhibitors to potentially improve patient outcomes, and highlight avenues of future research.
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Arid1a regulates response to anti-angiogenic therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2018; 68:465-475. [PMID: 29113912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS AT-rich interaction domain 1a (Arid1a), a component of the chromatin remodeling complex, has emerged as a tumor suppressor gene. It is frequently mutated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unknown how Arid1a suppresses HCC development and whether Arid1a deficiency could be exploited for therapy, we aimed to explore these questions. METHODS The expression of Arid1a in human and mouse HCCs was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Gene expression was determined by quantitative PCR, ELISA or western blotting. Arid1a knockdown HCC cell lines were established by lentiviral-based shRNA. Tumor angiogenesis was quantified based on vessel density. The regulation of angiopoietin (Ang2) expression by Arid1a was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. The tumor promoting function of Arid1a loss was studied with a xenograft model in nude mice and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in Arid1a conditional knockout mice. The therapeutic values of Ang2 antibody and sorafenib treatment were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that Arid1a deficiency, occurring in advanced human HCCs, is associated with increased vessel density. Mechanistically, loss of Arid1a causes aberrant histone H3K27ac deposition at the angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) enhancer and promoter, which eventually leads to ectopic expression of Ang2 and promotes HCC development. Ang2 blockade in Arid1a-deficient HCCs significantly reduces vessel density and tumor progression. Importantly, sorafenib treatment, which suppresses H3K27 acetylation and Ang2 expression, profoundly halts the progression of Arid1a-deficient HCCs. CONCLUSIONS Arid1a-deficiency activates Ang2-dependent angiogenesis and promotes HCC progression. Loss of Arid1a in HCCs confers sensitivity to Ang2 blockade and sorafenib treatment. LAY SUMMARY AT-rich interaction domain 1a (Arid1a), is a tumor suppressor gene. Arid1a-deficiency promotes Ang2-dependent angiogenesis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Arid1a-deficiency also sensitizes tumors to Ang2 blockade by sorafenib treatment.
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Rizzo R, Alvaro M, Danz N, Napione L, Descrovi E, Schmieder S, Sinibaldi A, Rana S, Chandrawati R, Munzert P, Schubert T, Maillart E, Anopchenko A, Rivolo P, Mascioletti A, Förster E, Sonntag F, Stevens MM, Bussolino F, Michelotti F. Bloch surface wave enhanced biosensor for the direct detection of Angiopoietin-2 tumor biomarker in human plasma. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:529-542. [PMID: 29552391 PMCID: PMC5854056 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative detection of angiogenic biomarkers provides a powerful tool to diagnose cancers in early stages and to follow its progression during therapy. Conventional tests require trained personnel, dedicated laboratory equipment and are generally time-consuming. Herein, we propose our developed biosensing platform as a useful tool for a rapid determination of Angiopoietin-2 biomarker directly from patient plasma within 30 minutes, without any sample preparation or dilution. Bloch surface waves supported by one dimensional photonic crystal are exploited to enhance and redirect the fluorescence arising from a sandwich immunoassay that involves Angiopoietin-2. The sensing units consist of disposable and low-cost plastic biochips coated with the photonic crystal. The biosensing platform is demonstrated to detect Angiopoietin-2 in plasma samples at the clinically relevant concentration of 6 ng/mL, with an estimated limit of detection of approximately 1 ng/mL. This is the first Bloch surface wave based assay capable of detecting relevant concentrations of an angiogenic factor in plasma samples. The results obtained by the developed biosensing platform are in close agreement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, demonstrating a good accuracy, and their repeatability showed acceptable relative variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rizzo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Alvaro
- Laboratory of Vascular Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Norbert Danz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Lucia Napione
- Laboratory of Vascular Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
- Present Address: Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Emiliano Descrovi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefan Schmieder
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden, Dresden 01277, Germany
| | - Alberto Sinibaldi
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Subinoy Rana
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Present Address: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter Munzert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, Jena 07745, Germany
| | | | - Emmanuel Maillart
- HORIBA Scientific, Av. de la Vauve CS 45002 - 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Aleksei Anopchenko
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Present Address: Department of Physics, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97316, 76798-7316, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Rivolo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Erik Förster
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, Jena 07745, Germany
- Present Address: University of Applied Sciences, Department SciTec, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Frank Sonntag
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden, Dresden 01277, Germany
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Laboratory of Vascular Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Francesco Michelotti
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy
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A Review of Anti-Angiogenic Targets for Monoclonal Antibody Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081786. [PMID: 28817103 PMCID: PMC5578174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is a key event that governs tumor progression and metastasis. It is controlled by the complicated and coordinated actions of pro-angiogenic factors and their receptors that become upregulated during tumorigenesis. Over the past several decades, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling has been identified as a central axis in tumor angiogenesis. The remarkable advent of recombinant antibody technology has led to the development of bevacizumab, a humanized antibody that targets VEGF and is a leading clinical therapy to suppress tumor angiogenesis. However, despite the clinical efficacy of bevacizumab, its significant side effects and drug resistance have raised concerns necessitating the identification of novel drug targets and development of novel therapeutics to combat tumor angiogenesis. This review will highlight the role and relevance of VEGF and other potential therapeutic targets and their receptors in angiogenesis. Simultaneously, we will also cover the current status of monoclonal antibodies being developed to target these candidates for cancer therapy.
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Leary SES, Park JR, Reid JM, Ralya AT, Baruchel S, Wu B, Roberts TPL, Liu X, Minard CG, Fox E, Weigel B, Blaney S. Pediatric Phase I Trial and Pharmacokinetic Study of Trebananib in Relapsed Solid Tumors, Including Primary Tumors of the Central Nervous System ADVL1115: A Children's Oncology Group Phase I Consortium Report. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6062-6069. [PMID: 28751444 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Trebananib is a first-in-class antiangiogenic peptibody (peptide-Fc fusion protein) that inhibits Angiopoietin 1 and 2. A pediatric phase 1 trial was performed to define trebananib dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), and pharmacokinetics (PK).Experimental Design: Trebananib was administered by weekly infusion. Three dose levels (10, 15, or 30 mg/kg/dose) were evaluated using a rolling-six design. Part 2 evaluated a cohort of subjects with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Pharmacokinetic sampling and analysis of peripheral blood biomarkers was performed during the first 4 weeks. Response was evaluated after 8 weeks. Correlative studies included angiogenic protein expression and DCE-MRI.Results: Thirty-seven subjects were enrolled (31 evaluable for toxicity) with median age 12 years (range, 2 to 21). Two of 19 evaluable non-CNS subjects developed DLT at the 30 mg/kg dose level, including venous thrombosis and pleural effusion. In the CNS cohort, 3/12 subjects developed DLT, including decreased platelet count, transient ischemic attack, and cerebral edema with headache and hydrocephalus. Other grade 3 or 4 toxicities included lymphopenia (n = 4), anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, vomiting, and hypertension (n = 1 each). Response included stable disease in 7 subjects, no partial or complete responses. Two subjects continued study treatment with prolonged stable disease for 18 cycles (neuroblastoma) and 26 cycles (anaplastic astrocytoma). Pharmacokinetics appeared linear over 3 dose levels. Correlative studies demonstrated increased PlGF and sVCAM-1, but no change in endoglin or perfusion by DCE-MRI.Conclusions: Trebananib was well tolerated in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid or CNS tumors. RP2D is 30 mg/kg. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6062-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E S Leary
- Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Julie R Park
- Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | - Bing Wu
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
| | | | - Xiaowei Liu
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California
| | - Charles G Minard
- Dan L. Duncan Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Yang P, Chen N, Yang D, Crane J, Huang B, Dong R, Yi X, Guo J, Cai J, Wang Z. Cervical cancer cell-derived angiopoietins promote tumor progression. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317711658. [PMID: 28720059 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer has limited treatment options and a high rate of mortality. Although anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs have shown great promise as a therapeutic target for treatment of advanced cervical cancer, drug resistance and class-specific side effects negate long-term benefits. The identification of alternative anti-angiogenic factors will be critical for future drug development for advanced or recurrent cervical cancer. In this study, we found that angiopoietins and Tie receptors were highly expressed in cervical cancer cells. Tie-2 expression in tumor cells predicted poorer prognosis. Wound closure assay and Transwell assay showed that upregulated or downregulated Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression promoted or reduced cervical cancer cell lines migration and invasion, respectively. In subcutaneous xenograft models of cervical cancer, downregulation of Ang-1 and Ang-2 attenuated tumor growth. The expression of vimentin and endomucin and microvessel density were all significantly decreased in the siAng-1 group and siAng-2 group relative to the infection control group. Our data support that dual inhibition of Ang-1 and Ang-2 may be an alternative target for anti-angiogenic adjuvant therapy in advanced or recurrent cervical squamous cell cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, P.R. China.,3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Na Chen
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Dongyun Yang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Janet Crane
- 3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,4 Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bangxing Huang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqing Dong
- 5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianyou Hospital Attended to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Yi
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cai
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zehua Wang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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63
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Kim H, Ahn TS, Kim CJ, Bae SB, Kim HJ, Lee CS, Kim TH, Im J, Lee SH, Son MW, Lee MS, Baek MJ, Jeong D. Oncogenic function of angiopoietin-2 in vitro and its modulation of tumor progression in colorectal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:553-560. [PMID: 28693205 PMCID: PMC5494651 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) has been investigated in cancer primarily in terms of its angiogenic function, and its role as an oncogene has yet to be elucidated. The current study hypothesized that Ang-2 may be an oncogene and have a function in tumor progression. An investigation of the function of Ang-2 in the LoVo colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line in vitro, which expresses a high level of Ang-2, was performed by knocking down endogenous expression with a targeted short hairpin RNA. The aggressive phenotypic effects of Ang-2 on experimental and control group cells were assessed using cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays. The association between Ang-2 expression levels and clinicopathological factors was evaluated in 415 CRC tissues using immunohistochemistry. Suppressing Ang-2 expression decreased cellular proliferation, invasion and migration in an in vitro study. Ang-2 overexpression was observed in 46% of patients with CRC and was significantly associated with pT (P=0.048), pN (P<0.001), venous invasion (P=0.023), lymphatic invasion (P<0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis stage (P=0.022). Furthermore, Ang-2 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor in pN stages 1 and 2. These results reveal that Ang-2 may be an oncogene in colorectal carcinogenesis and its expression may exert aggressive phenotypic effects during tumor progression. In addition, Ang-2 expression may serve as a prognostic marker and a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjoo Kim
- Soonchunhyang Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Ahn
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Byung Bae
- Department of Oncology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Jo Kim
- Department of Oncology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seuk Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Shinchang-myeon, Asansi, Chungcheongnam-do 336-745, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Shinchang-myeon, Asansi, Chungcheongnam-do 336-745, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungkyun Im
- Department of Nanochemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Shinchang-myeon, Asansi, Chungcheongnam-do 336-745, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Won Son
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Soo Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Jun Baek
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Jeong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 330-721, Republic of Korea
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64
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Angiogenesis in Dermatology – Insights of Molecular Mechanisms and Latest Developments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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65
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Yang P, Chen N, Yang D, Crane J, Yang S, Wang H, Dong R, Yi X, Xie L, Jing G, Cai J, Wang Z. The ratio of serum Angiopoietin-1 to Angiopoietin-2 in patients with cervical cancer is a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3387. [PMID: 28584715 PMCID: PMC5452943 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Angiopoietins have been found to play essential roles in tumor angiogenesis. The present study was aimed at investigating the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum angiopoietin 1 and 2 (sAng-1 and sAng-2) in cervical cancer. Methods The sAng-1 and sAng-2 concentrations were analyzed in 77 women with cervical cancer, 44 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 43 women without cervical lesions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic values of sAng-1, sAng-2 and sAng-1/sAng-2 were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression in cervical cancer tissues as well as microvessel density (MVD), were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results The concentration of sAng-2 gradually increased and the sAng-1/Ang-2 ratio was gradually decreased from normal control to CIN, then to squamous cell cancer, and the sAng-1/sAng-2 ratio was also significantly decreased in adenocarcinoma. The area under ROC curves of sAng-2 and sAng-1/sAng-2 ratio for discriminating cervical cancer from normal were 0.744 and 0.705, respectively. Decreased sAng-1/sAng-2 was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, poor differentiation, lymph-vascular space invasion and high MVD. sAng-2 was positively correlated with the Ang-2 expression in cervix epithelia. A high sAng-1/sAng-2 ratio was associated with a longer progression-free survival and a longer overall survival in cervical cancer patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that sAng-2 and the sAng-1/sAng-2 ratio may be valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongyun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Janet Crane
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.,Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Shouhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hangyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruiqing Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianyou Hospital attended to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lisha Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo Jing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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66
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Saharinen P, Eklund L, Alitalo K. Therapeutic targeting of the angiopoietin-TIE pathway. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16:635-661. [PMID: 28529319 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The endothelial angiopoietin (ANG)-TIE growth factor receptor pathway regulates vascular permeability and pathological vascular remodelling during inflammation, tumour angiogenesis and metastasis. Drugs that target the ANG-TIE pathway are in clinical development for oncological and ophthalmological applications. The aim is to complement current vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-based anti-angiogenic therapies in cancer, wet age-related macular degeneration and macular oedema. The unique function of the ANG-TIE pathway in vascular stabilization also renders this pathway an attractive target in sepsis, organ transplantation, atherosclerosis and vascular complications of diabetes. This Review covers key aspects of the function of the ANG-TIE pathway in vascular disease and describes the recent development of novel therapeutics that target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pipsa Saharinen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri Eklund
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Aapistie 5A, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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67
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Blecharz KG, Frey D, Schenkel T, Prinz V, Bedini G, Krug SM, Czabanka M, Wagner J, Fromm M, Bersano A, Vajkoczy P. Autocrine release of angiopoietin-2 mediates cerebrovascular disintegration in Moyamoya disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:1527-1539. [PMID: 27381827 PMCID: PMC5453470 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16658301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Moyamoya disease is a rare steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disorder often resulting in hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. Although sharing the same ischemic stimulus with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, Moyamoya disease is characterized by a highly instable cerebrovascular system which is prone to rupture due to pathological neovascularization. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this instability, angiopoietin-2 gene expression was analyzed in middle cerebral artery lesions obtained from Moyamoya disease and atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease patients. Angiopoietin-2 was significantly up-regulated in Moyamoya vessels, while serum concentrations of soluble angiopoietins were not changed. For further evaluations, cerebral endothelial cells incubated with serum from these patients in vitro were applied. In contrast to atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease serum, Moyamoya disease serum induced an angiopoietin-2 overexpression and secretion, accompanied by loss of endothelial integrity. These effects were absent or inverse in endothelial cells of non-brain origin suggesting brain endothelium specificity. The destabilizing effects on brain endothelial cells to Moyamoya disease serum were partially suppressed by the inhibition of angiopoietin-2. Our findings define brain endothelial cells as the potential source of vessel-destabilizing factors inducing the high plasticity state and disintegration in Moyamoya disease in an autocrine manner. We also provide new insights into Moyamoya disease pathophysiology that may be helpful for preventive treatment strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga G Blecharz
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Frey
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Schenkel
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vincent Prinz
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gloria Bedini
- 3 Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Neurology Unit, UCV, Milan, Italy.,4 Neurological Institute "C. Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Susanne M Krug
- 5 Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Czabanka
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josephin Wagner
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fromm
- 5 Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Bersano
- 6 Neurology Unit, UCV, Milan, Italy.,7 Neurological Institute "C. Besta", IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,8 Center of Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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68
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Wang Q, Lash GE. Angiopoietin 2 in placentation and tumor biology: The yin and yang of vascular biology. Placenta 2017; 56:73-78. [PMID: 28372817 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There are several parallels between placental and tumor biology. Both require rapid acquisition of a blood supply to supply oxygen and nutrients, the placenta through neoangiogenesis and tumors by co-opting the existing vasculature. In addition, successful pregnancy also requires remodeling of the maternal uterine spiral arteries. Angiopoietins (Angs) are a family of angiogenic growth factors, the best studied being Ang-1 and Ang-2, which signal through the membrane tyrosine kinase receptor Tie2, and in simple terms have opposite effects with Ang-1 acting to stabilize newly formed blood vessels and Ang-2 having a destabilizing effect. The roles of Ang-1, and in particular Ang-2 in placental and tumor biology are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gendie E Lash
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China.
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69
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Richarz NA, Boada A, Carrascosa JM. Angiogenesis in Dermatology - Insights of Molecular Mechanisms and Latest Developments. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2017; 108:515-523. [PMID: 28162227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. It is a biological process essential in physiological wound healing or pathological inflammation and tumor growth, which underlies a complex interplay of stimulating and inhibiting signals. Extracellular matrix, cells of innate and adaptive immunity and endothelial cells itself are a major source of angiogenic factors that activate or inhibit specific receptors and consequently influence intracellular signaling pathways. Most inflammatory and neoplastic diseases in dermatology are characterized by excessive angiogenesis, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, as well as melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, but also benign vascular neoplasia. In this article we describe current knowledge of angiogenesis and its most relevant mechanisms in different dermatological disorders with particular emphasis on the angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor) and angiopoietins as a target of current and future directions of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Richarz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
| | - A Boada
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - J M Carrascosa
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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70
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Ramanathan R, Olex AL, Dozmorov M, Bear HD, Fernandez LJ, Takabe K. Angiopoietin pathway gene expression associated with poor breast cancer survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 162:191-198. [PMID: 28062977 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is essential for cancer progression and metastasis. However, clinical trials with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway inhibitors have failed to show overall survival benefit in breast cancer. Targeted therapy against the angiopoietin pathway, a downstream angiogenesis cascade, could be effective in breast cancer. This study investigates the association of angiopoietin pathway gene expression with breast cancer survival using a "big data" approach employing RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). METHODS A total of 888 patients with adequate gene expression, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) data were selected for analysis. DFS and OS were calculated for patients with high and low expression of angiopoietin and VEGF pathway genes using TCGA data. Gene-specific thresholds to dichotomize patients into high and low expression were determined and survival plots were generated. RESULTS The TCGA cohort was representative of national breast cancer patients with respect to stage, pathology, and survival. High Ang2 gene expression was associated with not only decreased DFS (p = 0.05), but also decreased OS (p < 0.05). High co-expression of Ang2 and its receptor Tie2 was associated with both decreased DFS and OS (p < 0.05). There was strong correlation between angiopoietin and VEGF pathway genes. While high expression of VEGFA alone was not associated with survival, high co-expression with Ang2 was associated with decreased OS. CONCLUSIONS This study validates TCGA as a representative database providing genomic data and survival outcomes in breast cancer. Our TCGA data support the angiopoietin pathway as a key mediator in the pathologic angiogenic switch in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ramanathan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 E. Broad St, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Amy L Olex
- Virginia Commonwealth University C. Kenneth and Diane Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, 1200 E. Clay St, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Virginia Commonwealth University C. Kenneth and Diane Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, 1200 E. Clay St, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Harry D Bear
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 E. Broad St, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Leopoldo Jose Fernandez
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 E. Broad St, Richmond VA 23298
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Breast Surgery Service, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo NY 14263
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Wu X, Giobbie-Hurder A, Liao X, Connelly C, Connolly EM, Li J, Manos MP, Lawrence D, McDermott D, Severgnini M, Zhou J, Gjini E, Lako A, Lipschitz M, Pak CJ, Abdelrahman S, Rodig S, Hodi FS. Angiopoietin-2 as a Biomarker and Target for Immune Checkpoint Therapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 5:17-28. [PMID: 28003187 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint therapies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 have proven effective in cancer treatment. However, the identification of biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes and mechanisms to overcome resistance remain as critical needs. Angiogenesis is increasingly appreciated as an immune modulator with potential for combinatorial use with checkpoint blockade. Angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) is an immune target in patients and is involved in resistance to anti-VEGF treatment with the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab. We investigated the predictive and prognostic value of circulating ANGPT2 in metastatic melanoma patients receiving immune checkpoint therapy. High pretreatment serum ANGPT2 was associated with reduced overall survival in CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade-treated patients. These treatments also increased serum ANGPT2 in many patients early after treatment initiation, whereas ipilimumab plus bevacizumab treatment decreased serum concentrations. ANGPT2 increases were associated with reduced response and/or overall survival. Ipilimumab increased, and ipilimumab plus bevacizumab decreased, tumor vascular ANGPT2 expression in a subset of patients, which was associated with increased and decreased tumor infiltration by CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages, respectively. In vitro, bevacizumab blocked VEGF-induced ANGPT2 expression in tumor-associated endothelial cells, whereas ANGPT2 increased PD-L1 expression on M2-polarized macrophages. Treatments elicited long-lasting and functional antibody responses to ANGPT2 in a subset of patients receiving clinical benefit. Our findings suggest that serum ANGPT2 may be considered as a predictive and prognostic biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy and may contribute to treatment resistance via increasing proangiogenic and immunosuppressive activities in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting ANGPT2 provides a rational combinatorial approach to improve the efficacy of immune therapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(1); 17-28. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anita Giobbie-Hurder
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaoyun Liao
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Courtney Connelly
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erin M Connolly
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Melanoma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael P Manos
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Lawrence
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mariano Severgnini
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Evisa Gjini
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana Lako
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mikel Lipschitz
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine J Pak
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara Abdelrahman
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott Rodig
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Immuno-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Melanoma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Hong DS, Kurzrock R, Falchook GS, Andresen C, Kwak J, Ren M, Xu L, George GC, Kim KB, Nguyen LM, O'Brien JP, Nemunaitis J. Phase 1b study of lenvatinib (E7080) in combination with temozolomide for treatment of advanced melanoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43127-34. [PMID: 26503473 PMCID: PMC4767496 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS In this phase 1b study, patients with stage 4 or unresectable stage 3 melanoma were treated with escalating doses of lenvatinib (once daily) and temozolomide (TMZ) (days 1-5) in 28-day cycles, to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination. Dose Level (DL)1: lenvatinib 20 mg, TMZ 100 mg/m2; DL2: lenvatinib 24 mg, TMZ 100 mg/m2; DL3: lenvatinib 24 mg, TMZ 150 mg/m2. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded and tumor response assessed per RECIST 1.0. RESULTS Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in 1 of 32 treated patients (DL1); MTD was not reached. The highest dose administered was lenvatinib 24 mg + TMZ 150 mg/m2. Most common treatment-related AEs included fatigue (56.3%), hypertension (53.1%), and proteinuria (46.9%). Overall objective response rate was 18.8% (6 patients), all partial response; (DL1, n = 1; DL3, n = 5). Stable disease (SD) ≥ 16 weeks was observed in 28.1% of patients (DL1 and DL2, n = 1 each; DL3, n = 7); 12.5% of patients had SD ≥ 23 weeks. Single and repeat-dose pharmacokinetics of lenvatinib were comparable across cycles and with concomitant TMZ administration. CONCLUSIONS Lenvatinib 24 mg/day + TMZ 150 mg/m2/day (days 1-5) demonstrated modest clinical activity, an acceptable safety profile, and was administered without worsening of either lenvatinib- or TMZ-related toxicities in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Hong
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Kwak
- Former employees of Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Min Ren
- Eisai Inc., Oncology, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Lucy Xu
- Eisai Inc., Oncology, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Goldy C George
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin B Kim
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ly M Nguyen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Biel NM, Siemann DW. Targeting the Angiopoietin-2/Tie-2 axis in conjunction with VEGF signal interference. Cancer Lett 2016; 380:525-533. [PMID: 25312939 PMCID: PMC4394020 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies target the tumor vasculature, impairing its development and growth. It was hypothesized over 40 years ago by the late Judah Folkman and Julie Denekamp that depriving a tumor of oxygen and nutrients, by targeting the tumor vasculature, could have therapeutic benefits. Identification of growth factors and signaling pathways important in angiogenesis subsequently led to the development of a series of anti-angiogenic agents that over the past decade have become part of the standard of care in several disease settings. Unfortunately not all patients respond to the currently available anti-angiogenic therapies while others become resistant to these agents following prolonged exposure. Identification of new pathways that may drive angiogenesis led to the development of second-generation anti-angiogenic agents such as those targeting the Ang-2/Tie2 axis. Recently, it has become clear that combination of first and second generation agents targeting the blood vessel network can lead to outcomes superior to those using either agent alone. The present review focuses on the current status of VEGF and Ang-2 targeted agents and the potential utility of using them in combination to impair tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett M Biel
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Dietmar W Siemann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 2000 SW, Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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74
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Scholz A, Harter PN, Cremer S, Yalcin BH, Gurnik S, Yamaji M, Di Tacchio M, Sommer K, Baumgarten P, Bähr O, Steinbach JP, Trojan J, Glas M, Herrlinger U, Krex D, Meinhardt M, Weyerbrock A, Timmer M, Goldbrunner R, Deckert M, Braun C, Schittenhelm J, Frueh JT, Ullrich E, Mittelbronn M, Plate KH, Reiss Y. Endothelial cell-derived angiopoietin-2 is a therapeutic target in treatment-naive and bevacizumab-resistant glioblastoma. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:39-57. [PMID: 26666269 PMCID: PMC4718155 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201505505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is treated by surgical resection followed by radiochemotherapy. Bevacizumab is commonly deployed for anti‐angiogenic therapy of recurrent GBM; however, innate immune cells have been identified as instigators of resistance to bevacizumab treatment. We identified angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2) as a potential target in both naive and bevacizumab‐treated glioblastoma. Ang‐2 expression was absent in normal human brain endothelium, while the highest Ang‐2 levels were observed in bevacizumab‐treated GBM. In a murine GBM model, VEGF blockade resulted in endothelial upregulation of Ang‐2, whereas the combined inhibition of VEGF and Ang‐2 leads to extended survival, decreased vascular permeability, depletion of tumor‐associated macrophages, improved pericyte coverage, and increased numbers of intratumoral T lymphocytes. CD206+ (M2‐like) macrophages were identified as potential novel targets following anti‐angiogenic therapy. Our findings imply a novel role for endothelial cells in therapy resistance and identify endothelial cell/myeloid cell crosstalk mediated by Ang‐2 as a potential resistance mechanism. Therefore, combining VEGF blockade with inhibition of Ang‐2 may potentially overcome resistance to bevacizumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Scholz
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cremer
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Burak H Yalcin
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gurnik
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maiko Yamaji
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mariangela Di Tacchio
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kathleen Sommer
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Baumgarten
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Oliver Bähr
- Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Joachim P Steinbach
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jörg Trojan
- Medical Clinic I, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- Klinische Kooperationseinheit Neuroonkologie, Robert Janker Klinik, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Dietmar Krex
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Meinhardt
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Weyerbrock
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Timmer
- Zentrum für Neurochirurgie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Braun
- Zentrum für Neuroonkologie, Universitätsklinik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Abteilung Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jochen T Frueh
- LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Children's Hospital, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ullrich
- LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Children's Hospital, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karl H Plate
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yvonne Reiss
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
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Xuan ZX, Zhang S, Yuan SJ, Wang W, Yu J. Prognostic value of angiopoietin-2 in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:237. [PMID: 27589869 PMCID: PMC5010677 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The targeted therapy had made important progress in recent years, but few potential predictive biomarkers for prognosis of NSCLC patients were identified. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), a cytokine upregulated in tumor endothelial cells and some tumor cells including NSCLC, is a partial agonist and antagonist of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1). Ang-1 is another ligand for the tyrosine kinase receptor Tie2; it promotes recruitment of pericytes and smooth muscle cells, stabilizing vascular networks by binding to Tie2. Although many studies mainly considered that Ang-2 correlated with progression and prognosis of NSCLC significantly, there are much conflicting and controversial data. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between Ang-2 and prognosis, a clinical outcome of NSCLC. Methods The search was based on major databases from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CNKI, and 20 eligible publications (range from 2002 to 2015) are included in our meta-analysis with 2011 NSCLC patients in total. These studies illuminated the correlation between the expression of Ang-2 and NSCLC, based on either prognostic factors or clinicopathological features. Pooled calculations were carried out on the odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) to perform this meta-analysis, and all statistical analyses were carried out by STATA 12.0 and Review Manager 5.3. Results According to our results, the expression of Ang-2 in NSCLC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues, indicating that Ang-2 over-expression may be a predictive marker (pooled OR = 5.09, corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 3.10–8.36, p = 0.000). In addition, our pooled data showed that Ang-2 expression was positively correlated with tumor stages (pooled OR = 3.58, 95 % CI 2.40–5.35, p = 0.000), differentiation (pooled OR = 0.65, 95 % CI 0.45–0.94, p = 0.02), lymphatic invasion (pooled OR = 3.15, 95 % CI 1.97–5.03, p = 0.000), and poor survival (pooled OR = 1.93, 95 % CI 1.47–2.52, p = 0.000) of NSCLC, but seems to have no significant impact on tumor size (pooled OR = 1.09, 95 % CI 0.59–2.00, p = 0.78). Conclusions These results demonstrate that Ang-2 expression significantly correlated with poor prognosis for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xue Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shou-Jun Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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LIU ZHAOLIANG, YOU CAILIAN, WANG BIAO, LIN JIANHONG, HU XUEFENG, SHAN XIUYING, WANG MEISHUI, ZHENG HOUBING, ZHANG YANDING. Construction of Ang2-siRNA chitosan magnetic nanoparticles and the effect on Ang2 gene expression in human malignant melanoma cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3992-3998. [PMID: 27313729 PMCID: PMC4888209 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to construct angiopoietin-2 (Ang2)-small interfering (si)RNA chitosan magnetic nanoparticles and to observe the interference effects of the nanoparticles on the expression of the Ang2 gene in human malignant melanoma cells. Ang2-siRNA chitosan magnetic nanoparticles were constructed and transfected into human malignant melanoma cells in vitro. Red fluorescent protein expression was observed, and the transfection efficiency was analyzed. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to assess the inhibition efficiency of Ang2 gene expression. Ang2-siRNA chitosan magnetic nanoparticles were successfully constructed, and at a mass ratio of plasmid to magnetic chitosan nanoparticles of 1:100, the transfection efficiency into human malignant melanoma cells was the highest of the ratios assessed, reaching 61.17%. RT-qPCR analysis showed that the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles effectively inhibited Ang2 gene expression in cells, and the inhibition efficiency reached 59.56% (P<0.05). Ang2-siRNA chitosan magnetic nanoparticles were successfully constructed. The in vitro studies showed that the nanoparticles inhibited Ang2 gene expression in human malignant melanoma tumor cells, which laid the foundation and provided experimental evidence for additional future in vivo studies of intervention targeting malignant melanoma tumor growth in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZHAO-LIANG LIU
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - CAI-LIAN YOU
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - BIAO WANG
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - JIAN-HONG LIN
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - XUE-FENG HU
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - XIU-YING SHAN
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - MEI-SHUI WANG
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - HOU-BING ZHENG
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - YAN-DING ZHANG
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
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77
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Rautiola J, Lampinen A, Mirtti T, Ristimäki A, Joensuu H, Bono P, Saharinen P. Association of Angiopoietin-2 and Ki-67 Expression with Vascular Density and Sunitinib Response in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153745. [PMID: 27100185 PMCID: PMC4839598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2, Angpt2) growth factor is a context-dependent antagonist/agonist ligand of the endothelial Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase and known to promote tumour angiogenesis and metastasis. Angiopoietin antagonists have been tested in clinical cancer trials in combination with VEGF-based anti-angiogenic therapy, including sunitinib, which is widely used as a first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, little is known about Ang2 protein expression in human tumours and the correlation of tumour Ang2 expression with tumour vascularization, tumour cell proliferation and response to anti-angiogenic therapies. Here, we evaluated, using immunohistochemistry, the expression of Ang2, CD31 and the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 in the primary kidney cancer from 136 mRCC patients, who received first-line sunitinib after nephrectomy. Ang2 protein expression was restrained to RCC tumour vessels, and correlated with tumour vascularization and response to sunitinib. High pre-therapeutic Ang2 expression, and more strongly, combined high expression of both Ang2 and CD31, were associated with a high clinical benefit rate (CBR). Low cancer Ki-67 expression, but not Ang2 or CD31 expression, was associated with favourable progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) as compared to patients with high Ki-67 expression (PFS 6.5 vs. 10.6 months, P = 0.009; OS, 15.7 vs. 28.5 months, P = 0.015). In summary, in this study to investigate endothelial Ang2 in mRCC patients treated with first-line sunitinib, high cancer Ang2 expression was associated with the CBR, but not PFS or OS, whereas low Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with long PFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhana Rautiola
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O.B. 180, 00029 HUS, Finland and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anita Lampinen
- Translational Cancer Biology Program, Research Programs Unit, and Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O.B. 63, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Mirtti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O.B. 63, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Pathology, Research Programs Unit and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O.B. 400, FI-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- Pathology, Research Programs Unit and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O.B. 400, FI-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O.B. 180, 00029 HUS, Finland and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Bono
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O.B. 180, 00029 HUS, Finland and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pipsa Saharinen
- Translational Cancer Biology Program, Research Programs Unit, and Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O.B. 63, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
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78
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Evaluation of Angiopoietin-2 as a biomarker in gastric cancer: results from the randomised phase III AVAGAST trial. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:855-62. [PMID: 27031850 PMCID: PMC4984795 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the phase III AVAGAST trial, the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy improved progression-free survival (PFS) but not overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced gastric cancer. We studied the role of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), a key driver of tumour angiogenesis, metastasis and resistance to antiangiogenic treatment, as a biomarker. Methods: Previously untreated, advanced gastric cancer patients were randomly assigned to receive bevacizumab (n=387) or placebo (n=387) in combination with chemotherapy. Plasma collected at baseline and at progression was analysed by ELISA. The role of Ang-2 as a prognostic and a predictive biomarker of bevacizumab efficacy was studied using a Cox proportional hazards model. Logistic regression analysis was applied for correlations with metastasis. Results: Median baseline plasma Ang-2 levels were lower in Asian (2143 pg ml−1) vs non-Asian patients (3193 pg ml−1), P<0.0001. Baseline plasma Ang-2 was identified as an independent prognostic marker for OS but did not predict bevacizumab efficacy alone or in combination with baseline VEGF. Baseline plasma Ang-2 correlated with the frequency of liver metastasis (LM) at any time: Odds ratio per 1000 pg ml−1 increase: 1.19; 95% CI 1.10–1.29; P<0.0001 (non-Asians) and 1.37; 95% CI 1.13–1.64; P=0.0010 (Asians). Conclusions: Baseline plasma Ang-2 is a novel prognostic biomarker for OS in advanced gastric cancer strongly associated with LM. Differences in Ang-2 mediated vascular response may, in part, account for outcome differences between Asian and non-Asian patients; however, data have to be further validated. Ang-2 is a promising drug target in gastric cancer.
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79
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Zhang CL, Ge SL, Yang N, Zhang JR, Tian DD. Elevated Serum Level of Angiopoietin-2 as a Potential Marker for Poor Prognosis in Small Cell Lung Cancer. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2016; 236:305-9. [PMID: 26268775 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.236.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a fast-growing cancer with poor prognosis. Patients with extensive-stage SCLC are generally treated with chemotherapy. Thus, it is essential to identify a predictor of efficacy and prognosis for SCLC. Angiopoietin-2 promotes vascular remodeling and angiogenesis. Increasing evidence reveals that angiopoietin-2 is preferentially expressed in cancer cells, and elevated angiopoietin-2 expression is related to invasive and metastatic phenotypes in various cancers. However, serum angiopoietin-2 level and its prognostic potential in SCLC have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of angiopoietin-2 level as a predictor of efficacy and prognosis for SCLC. This study consisted of sixty patients with SCLC. Each patient received four cycles of cisplatin-etoposide chemotherapy, and was followed for 36 months. Serum angiopoietin-2 levels were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The angiopoietin-2 levels were significantly higher in SCLC patients than those in healthy subjects (P < 0.001). The patients were divided into high-level group (32 patients, 2,923.9 ± 294.7 pg/ml) and low-level group (28 patients, 1,789.5 ± 355.1 pg/ml) according to the mean value of the angiopoietin-2 level (2,400 pg/ml). Compared with the patients in the high-level group, the patients in the low-level group showed remarkably survival advantage (P = 0.002). During chemotherapy, the patients in the low-level group showed better treatment response than the patients in the high-level group (P < 0.05). Therefore, angiopoietin-2 might be useful as a prognostic factor for SCLC and for predicting SCLC response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Lian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University
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80
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Abstract
Despite the development of novel therapies, the therapy of malignant melanoma remains challenging. Various studies have shown the vascular system to be pivotal for metastasis in melanoma. Consequently, the effect of various antiangiogenic therapies has been and is being investigated in preclinical and clinical trials. While most studies focus on inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, others are aimed at determining the effect of multikinase inhibitors or the inhibition of angiogenic integrin activity. However, overall survival rates have not significantly improved in clinical trials with antiangiogenic agents. Resistance to anti-VEGF monotherapy has been observed in several studies, especially in malignant melanoma. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) represents a promising candidate molecule for antiangiogenic therapy and the effect of Ang-2 inhibitors is currently being explored in first trials. In melanoma, Ang-2 has been shown to be a marker for metastasis formation and represents an interesting therapeutic target molecule. Future studies are required to analyze the effect of a combined approach, using anti-VEGF and anti-Ang-2, as therapy for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Felcht
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergy, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, the state of Baden-Württemberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim at Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Chen L, Zeng X, Kleibeuker E, Buffa F, Barberis A, Leek RD, Roxanis I, Zhang W, Worth A, Beech JS, Harris AL, Cai S. Paracrine effect of GTP cyclohydrolase and angiopoietin-1 interaction in stromal fibroblasts on tumor Tie2 activation and breast cancer growth. Oncotarget 2016; 7:9353-67. [PMID: 26814432 PMCID: PMC4891045 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a key role in promoting tumor growth, acting through complex paracrine regulation. GTP cyclohydrolase (GTPCH) expression for tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis in tumor stroma is implicated in angiogenesis and tumor development. However, the clinical significance of GTPCH expression in breast cancer is still elusive and how GTPCH regulates stromal fibroblast and tumor cell communication remains unknown. We found that GTPCH was upregulated in breast CAFs and epithelia, and high GTPCH RNA was significantly correlated with larger high grade tumors and worse prognosis. In cocultures, GTPCH expressing fibroblasts stimulated breast cancer cell proliferation and motility, cancer cell Tie2 phosphorylation and consequent downstream pathway activation. GTPCH interacted with Ang-1 in stromal fibroblasts and enhanced Ang-1 expression and function, which in turn phosphorylated tumor Tie2 and induced cell proliferation. In coimplantation xenografts, GTPCH in fibroblasts enhanced tumor growth, upregulating Ang-1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin mainly in fibroblast-like cells. GTPCH inhibition resulted in the attenuation of tumor growth and angiogenesis. GTPCH/Ang-1 interaction in stromal fibroblasts and activation of Tie2 on breast tumor cells could play an important role in supporting breast cancer growth. GTPCH may be an important mechanism of paracrine tumor growth and hence a target for therapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Xin Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Current address: Xiamen Institute for Diabetes Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Esther Kleibeuker
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Francesca Buffa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Alessandro Barberis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Russell D. Leek
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ioannis Roxanis
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Andrew Worth
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - John S. Beech
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Shijie Cai
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
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Jour G, Ivan D, Aung PP. Angiogenesis in melanoma: an update with a focus on current targeted therapies. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:472-83. [PMID: 26865640 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in melanoma metastasis and progression. In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the prognostic and clinical significance of this phenomenon, and the development of molecular techniques has enabled us to achieve a better understanding of angiogenesis in melanoma. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge regarding angiogenesis in melanoma, including the pathophysiological, histological and immunohistochemical aspects of this phenomenon. We also review the molecular pathways involved in angiogenesis and the interplay between different components that might be manipulated in the future development of efficient targeted therapies. Recently developed targeted antiangiogenic therapies in clinical trials and included in the treatment of advanced-stage melanoma are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Jour
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Doina Ivan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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83
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Papadopoulos KP, Kelley RK, Tolcher AW, Razak ARA, Van Loon K, Patnaik A, Bedard PL, Alfaro AA, Beeram M, Adriaens L, Brownstein CM, Lowy I, Kostic A, Trail PA, Gao B, DiCioccio AT, Siu LL. A Phase I First-in-Human Study of Nesvacumab (REGN910), a Fully Human Anti-Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:1348-55. [PMID: 26490310 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nesvacumab (REGN910) is a fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that specifically binds and inactivates the Tie2 receptor ligand Ang2 with high affinity, but shows no binding to Ang1. The main objectives of this trial were to determine the safety, tolerability, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of nesvacumab. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Nesvacumab was administered intravenously every two weeks with dose escalations from 1 to 20 mg/kg in patients with advanced solid tumors. RESULTS A total of 47 patients were treated with nesvacumab. No patients in the dose escalation phase experienced DLTs, therefore a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was not reached. The most common nesvacumab-related adverse events were fatigue (23.4%), peripheral edema (21.3%), decreased appetite, and diarrhea (each 10.6%; all grade ≤ 2). Nesvacumab was characterized by linear kinetics and had a terminal half-life of 6.35 to 9.66 days in a dose-independent manner. Best response by RECIST 1.1 in 43 evaluable patients included 1 partial response (adrenocortical carcinoma) of 24 weeks duration. Two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had stable disease (SD) > 16 weeks, with tumor regression and >50% decrease in α-fetoprotein. Analyses of putative angiogenesis biomarkers in serum and tumor biopsies were uninformative for treatment duration. CONCLUSIONS Nesvacumab safety profile was acceptable at all dose levels tested. Preliminary antitumor activity was observed in patients with treatment-refractory advanced solid tumors. On the basis of cumulative safety, antitumor activity, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data, the 20 mg/kg dose was determined to be the RP2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin Kate Kelley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Anthony W Tolcher
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Katherine Van Loon
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Amita Patnaik
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Ariceli A Alfaro
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Muralidhar Beeram
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas
| | | | | | - Israel Lowy
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Ana Kostic
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Bo Gao
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
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84
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Regulation of Angiogenic Functions by Angiopoietins through Calcium-Dependent Signaling Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:965271. [PMID: 26146638 PMCID: PMC4471310 DOI: 10.1155/2015/965271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiopoietins are vascular factors essential for blood vessel assembly and correct organization and maturation. This study describes a novel calcium-dependent machinery activated through Angiopoietin-1/2-Tie receptor system in HUVECs monolayer. Both cytokines were found to elicit intracellular calcium mobilization. Targeting intracellular Ca2+ signaling, antagonizing IP3 with 2-APB or cADPR with 8Br-cADPR, was found to modulate in vitro angiogenic responses to Angiopoietins in a specific way. 2-APB and 8Br-cADPR impaired the phosphorylation of AKT and FAK induced by Ang-1 and Ang-2. On the other hand, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38, as well as cell proliferation, was not affected by either inhibitor. The ability of ECs to migrate following Angs stimulation, evaluated by “scratch assay,” was reduced by either 2-APB or 8Br-cADPR following Ang-2 stimulation and only slightly affected by 2-APB in cells stimulated with Ang-1. These results identify a novel calcium-dependent machinery involved in the complex interplay regulating angiogenic processes showing that IP3- and cADPR-induced Ca2+ release specifically regulates distinct Angs-mediated angiogenic steps.
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85
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Keskin D, Kim J, Cooke VG, Wu CC, Sugimoto H, Gu C, De Palma M, Kalluri R, LeBleu VS. Targeting vascular pericytes in hypoxic tumors increases lung metastasis via angiopoietin-2. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1066-81. [PMID: 25704811 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to target angiogenesis include inhibition of the vessel-stabilizing properties of vascular pericytes. Pericyte depletion in early-stage non-hypoxic tumors suppressed nascent angiogenesis, tumor growth, and lung metastasis. In contrast, pericyte depletion in advanced-stage hypoxic tumors with pre-established vasculature resulted in enhanced intra-tumoral hypoxia, decreased tumor growth, and increased lung metastasis. Furthermore, depletion of pericytes in post-natal retinal blood vessels resulted in abnormal and leaky vasculature. Tumor transcriptome profiling and biological validation revealed that angiopoietin signaling is a key regulatory pathway associated with pericyte targeting. Indeed, pericyte targeting in established mouse tumors increased angiopoietin-2 (ANG2/Angpt2) expression. Depletion of pericytes, coupled with targeting of ANG2 signaling, restored vascular stability in multiple model systems and decreased tumor growth and metastasis. Importantly, ANGPT2 expression correlated with poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. These results emphasize the potential utility of therapeutic regimens that target pericytes and ANG2 signaling in metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doruk Keskin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiha Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vesselina G Cooke
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chia-Chin Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chenghua Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michele De Palma
- The Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Valerie S LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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86
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Kappou D, Sifakis S, Konstantinidou A, Papantoniou N, Spandidos DA. Role of the angiopoietin/Tie system in pregnancy (Review). Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1091-1096. [PMID: 25780392 PMCID: PMC4353758 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 and -2 are endogenous ligands for the vascular endothelium-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-2. The angiopoietin/Tie system plays a critical role in the regulation of endothelial cell survival and vascular maturation and stability. Apart from its well-established role in vascular morphogenesis, emerging data support the involvement of angiopoietins in inflammation and various malignancies. Previous studies have underlined the significance of several angiogenic factors in normal placental development. In addition, angiogenic imbalance is observed in pregnancy complications related to impaired placentation, such as preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). However, there is only limited information available on the role of the angiopoietin/Tie system in the establishment of a competent feto-maternal vascular system. In this review, we present the current knowledge regarding the role of angiopoietins in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kappou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S Sifakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - A Konstantinidou
- First Department of Pathology, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - N Papantoniou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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87
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Felcht
- Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Exzellenzzentrum Dermatologie des Landes Baden-Württemberg, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Mannheim Deutschland
| | - Markus Thomas
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Deutschland
- Aktuelle Adresse: Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Discovery Ophthalmology, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd, Basel, Schweiz
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88
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Wang Z, Dabrosin C, Yin X, Fuster MM, Arreola A, Rathmell WK, Generali D, Nagaraju GP, El-Rayes B, Ribatti D, Chen YC, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Nowsheen S, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich B, Yang X, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Halicka D, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bilsland A, Keith WN, Jensen LD. Broad targeting of angiogenesis for cancer prevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S224-S243. [PMID: 25600295 PMCID: PMC4737670 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of angiogenesis – the growth of new blood vessels from an existing vasculature – is a main driving force in many severe human diseases including cancer. As such, tumor angiogenesis is important for delivering oxygen and nutrients to growing tumors, and therefore considered an essential pathologic feature of cancer, while also playing a key role in enabling other aspects of tumor pathology such as metabolic deregulation and tumor dissemination/metastasis. Recently, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has become a clinical anti-cancer strategy in line with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, which underscore the critical importance of the angiogenic switch during early tumor development. Unfortunately the clinically approved anti-angiogenic drugs in use today are only effective in a subset of the patients, and many who initially respond develop resistance over time. Also, some of the anti-angiogenic drugs are toxic and it would be of great importance to identify alternative compounds, which could overcome these drawbacks and limitations of the currently available therapy. Finding “the most important target” may, however, prove a very challenging approach as the tumor environment is highly diverse, consisting of many different cell types, all of which may contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, the tumor cells themselves are genetically unstable, leading to a progressive increase in the number of different angiogenic factors produced as the cancer progresses to advanced stages. As an alternative approach to targeted therapy, options to broadly interfere with angiogenic signals by a mixture of non-toxic natural compound with pleiotropic actions were viewed by this team as an opportunity to develop a complementary anti-angiogenesis treatment option. As a part of the “Halifax Project” within the “Getting to know cancer” framework, we have here, based on a thorough review of the literature, identified 10 important aspects of tumor angiogenesis and the pathological tumor vasculature which would be well suited as targets for anti-angiogenic therapy: (1) endothelial cell migration/tip cell formation, (2) structural abnormalities of tumor vessels, (3) hypoxia, (4) lymphangiogenesis, (5) elevated interstitial fluid pressure, (6) poor perfusion, (7) disrupted circadian rhythms, (8) tumor promoting inflammation, (9) tumor promoting fibroblasts and (10) tumor cell metabolism/acidosis. Following this analysis, we scrutinized the available literature on broadly acting anti-angiogenic natural products, with a focus on finding qualitative information on phytochemicals which could inhibit these targets and came up with 10 prototypical phytochemical compounds: (1) oleanolic acid, (2) tripterine, (3) silibinin, (4) curcumin, (5) epigallocatechin-gallate, (6) kaempferol, (7) melatonin, (8) enterolactone, (9) withaferin A and (10) resveratrol. We suggest that these plant-derived compounds could be combined to constitute a broader acting and more effective inhibitory cocktail at doses that would not be likely to cause excessive toxicity. All the targets and phytochemical approaches were further cross-validated against their effects on other essential tumorigenic pathways (based on the “hallmarks” of cancer) in order to discover possible synergies or potentially harmful interactions, and were found to generally also have positive involvement in/effects on these other aspects of tumor biology. The aim is that this discussion could lead to the selection of combinations of such anti-angiogenic compounds which could be used in potent anti-tumor cocktails, for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, reduced toxicity and circumvention of single-agent anti-angiogenic resistance, as well as for possible use in primary or secondary cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xin Yin
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark M Fuster
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Arreola
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniele Generali
- Molecular Therapy and Pharmacogenomics Unit, AO Isituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ganji P Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy; National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, USA
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroplasty and Regenerative Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroplasty and Regenerative Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirate University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirate University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bill Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guilford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medical, and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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89
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Shenoy AK, Lu J. Cancer cells remodel themselves and vasculature to overcome the endothelial barrier. Cancer Lett 2014; 380:534-544. [PMID: 25449784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to distant organs mostly via the bloodstream. During the metastatic process, cancer cells invade blood vessels to enter circulation, and later exit the vasculature at a distant site. Endothelial cells that line blood vessels normally serve as a barrier to the movement of cells into or out of the blood. It is thus critical to understand how metastatic cancer cells overcome the endothelial barrier. Epithelial cancer cells acquire increased motility and invasiveness through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which enables them to move toward vasculature. Cancer cells also express a variety of adhesion molecules that allow them to attach to vascular endothelium. Finally, cancer cells secrete or induce growth factors and cytokines to actively prompt vascular hyperpermeability that compromises endothelial barrier function and facilitates transmigration of cancer cells through the vascular wall. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying metastatic dissemination may help develop new anti-metastasis therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha K Shenoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
| | - Jianrong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
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90
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Sasahira T, Kirita T, Yamamoto K, Ueda N, Kurihara M, Matsushima S, Bhawal UK, Bosserhoff AK, Kuniyasu H. Transport and Golgi organisation protein 1 is a novel tumour progressive factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:2142-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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91
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Rigamonti N, Kadioglu E, Keklikoglou I, Wyser Rmili C, Leow CC, De Palma M. Role of angiopoietin-2 in adaptive tumor resistance to VEGF signaling blockade. Cell Rep 2014; 8:696-706. [PMID: 25088418 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-2 (ANG2/ANGPT2) is a context-dependent TIE2 receptor agonist/antagonist and proangiogenic factor. Although ANG2 neutralization improves tumor angiogenesis and growth inhibition by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A signaling blockade, the mechanistic underpinnings of such therapeutic benefits remain poorly explored. We employed late-stage RIP1-Tag2 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and MMTV-PyMT mammary adenocarcinomas, which develop resistance to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) blockade. We found that VEGFR2 inhibition upregulated ANG2 and vascular TIE2 and enhanced infiltration by TIE2-expressing macrophages in the PNETs. Dual ANG2/VEGFR2 blockade suppressed revascularization and progression in most of the PNETs, whereas it had only minor additive effects in the mammary tumors, which did not upregulate ANG2 upon VEGFR2 inhibition. ANG2/VEGFR2 blockade did not elicit increased PNET invasion and metastasis, although it exacerbated tumor hypoxia and hematopoietic cell infiltration. These findings suggest that evasive tumor resistance to anti-VEGFA therapy may involve the adaptive enforcement of ANG2-TIE2 signaling, which can be reversed by ANG2 neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Rigamonti
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ece Kadioglu
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioanna Keklikoglou
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Wyser Rmili
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ching Ching Leow
- Translational Medicine Oncology, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Michele De Palma
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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92
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Mittal K, Koon H, Elson P, Triozzi P, Dowlati A, Chen H, Borden EC, Rini BI. Dual VEGF/VEGFR inhibition in advanced solid malignancies: clinical effects and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:975-81. [PMID: 24842548 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.29187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our prior phase I study of the combination of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody, bevacizumab, and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, sunitinib, in advanced solid tumors identified an encouraging response evaluation. An expansion phase of this study was thus undertaken to obtain further safety data, response assessment and characterization of pharmacodynamic biomarkers in melanoma, renal, and adrenal carcinoma patients. Patients with metastatic solid tumors received sunitinib (37.5 mg/d, 4 wk on/2 wk off) and bevacizumab (5 mg/kg intravenously every 2 wk). Responses were assessed every 2 cycles. Serum levels of angiogenic molecules were measured using ELISA assays. Twenty-two patients were enrolled, including 11 melanoma, 5 renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 5 adrenal cancer, and 1 angiosarcoma. Grade 3 or higher adverse events were observed in 15 patients, including hypertension (41%), thrombocytopenia (23%), and fatigue (14%). Three RCC patients, and 1 melanoma patient developed thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Partial response (PR) occurred in 21% patients, including melanoma (2), adrenal (1), and renal (1) carcinomas. Overall, 6 patients demonstrated some reduction in their tumor burden. Serum VEGF and several other proangiogenic proteins declined over the first 4 wk of treatment whereas the putative VEGF-resistant protein, prokineticin-2, increased over 10-fold. Occurrence of TMA related to dual VEGF/VEGFR inhibition can result from systemic or nephron specific injury even in non-renal malignancies. While the combination of sunitinib and bevacizumab was clinically efficacious in renal cell carcinoma and melanoma, the observance of microangiopathy, even in non-RCC patients, is a significant toxicity that precludes further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Mittal
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute; Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Henry Koon
- Case Western University; Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Paul Elson
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute; Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Pierre Triozzi
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute; Cleveland, OH USA
| | | | - Helen Chen
- National Cancer Institute; Rockville, MD USA
| | - Ernest C Borden
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute; Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Brian I Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute; Cleveland, OH USA
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93
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Angiogenesis-related biomarkers in patients with alcoholic liver disease: their association with liver disease complications and outcome. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:673032. [PMID: 24959006 PMCID: PMC4052180 DOI: 10.1155/2014/673032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We aimed to explore the usefulness and accuracy of plasma angiogenic biomarkers for noninvasive evaluation of the severity of liver failure and ALD outcome. One hundred and forty-seven patients with ALD were prospectively enrolled and assessed based on their (1) gender, (2) age, (3) severity of liver dysfunction according to the Child-Turcotte-Pugh and MELD scores, and (4) the presence of ALD complications. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and angiopoietins 1 and 2 (Ang1 and Ang2) were investigated using ELISAs. Multivariable logistic regression was applied in order to select independent predictors of advanced liver dysfunction and the disease complications. Significantly higher concentrations of Ang2 and VEGF-A in ALD patients as compared to controls were found. There was no difference in Ang1 levels in both groups. A positive correlation of Ang2 levels with INR (Rho 0.66; P < 0.0001) and its inverse correlation with plasma albumin levels (Rho –0.62; P < 0.0001) were found. High Ang2 concentrations turned out to be an independent predictor of severe liver dysfunction, as well as hepatic encephalopathy and renal impairment. Ang2 possessed the highest diagnostic and prognostic potential among three studied angiogenesis-related molecules.
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94
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Zhao JY, Ma XL, Li ZM, Deng R, Wang SM, Shen GB, Zhang J, Wang FT, Zhang BL, Wei YQ. Down-regulation of MFG-E8 by RNA interference combined with doxorubicin triggers melanoma destruction. Clin Exp Med 2014; 15:127-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-014-0277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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95
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Mittal K, Ebos J, Rini B. Angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment: vascular endothelial growth factor and beyond. Semin Oncol 2014; 41:235-51. [PMID: 24787295 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME) has improved exponentially over the last few decades. In addition to traditional cytotoxic agents, anti-cancer strategies now include numerous molecular-targeted drugs that modulate distinct elements of the TME. Angiogenesis is an underlying promoter of tumor growth, invasion, and metastases. From traditional and emerging angiogenic cytokines and their receptors to novel immune checkpoint inhibitors, regulation of the tumor microenvironment is potentially key in countering tumor progression. In this article, an overview of the architecture of the TME and the orchestration of angiogenesis within the TME is provided. Additionally, traditional and novel angiogenic targets of current interest within the TME are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Mittal
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Cleveland, OH 44195.
| | - John Ebos
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Brian Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Cleveland, OH 44195
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96
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He T, Qi F, Jia L, Wang S, Song N, Guo L, Fu Y, Luo Y. MicroRNA-542-3p inhibits tumour angiogenesis by targeting angiopoietin-2. J Pathol 2014; 232:499-508. [PMID: 24403060 DOI: 10.1002/path.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiopoietin-2 (Angpt2) plays a critical role in angiogenesis and tumour progression. Therapeutic targeting of Angpt2 has been implicated as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Whereas miRNAs are emerging as important modulators of angiogenesis, regulation of Angpt2 by miRNAs has not been established. Here we firstly report that Ang2 is targeted by a microRNA, miRNA-542-3p, which inhibits tumour progression by impairing Ang2's pro-angiogenic activity. In cultured endothelial cells, miR-542-3p inhibited translation of Angpt2 mRNA by binding to its 3' UTR, and addition of miR-542-3p to cultured endothelial cells attenuated angiogenesis. Administration of miR-542-3p to tumour-bearing mice reduced tumour growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, the level of miR-542-3p in primary breast carcinomas correlated inversely with clinical progression in primary tumour samples from stage III and IV patients. Together, these findings uncover a novel regulatory pathway whereby an anti-angiogenic miR-542-3p directly targets the key angiogenesis-promoting protein Angpt2, suggesting that miR-542-3p may represent a promising target for anti-angiogenic therapy and a potential marker for monitoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumour Protein Therapeutics, Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics and Cancer Biology Laboratory, and School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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97
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Abstract
Ulceration is a common negative prognostic marker of solid tumors including melanoma. The signaling basis of ulceration is being elucidated. PHIP has been found to be amplified in wild-type melanomas, resulting in Akt activation and aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), associated with ulceration. The ulceration phenotype likely represents the genotype of the reactive oxygen driven tumor, in which reactive oxygen drives angiopoietin-2 production, tumor growth, and invasion. This phenotype is amenable to pharmacologic intervention.
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98
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Chung HJ, Mahalingam M. Angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry and vascular invasion in cutaneous malignant melanoma – implications for therapeutic strategies and targeted therapies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 14:621-39. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2014.883281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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99
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D'Amico G, Korhonen EA, Anisimov A, Zarkada G, Holopainen T, Hägerling R, Kiefer F, Eklund L, Sormunen R, Elamaa H, Brekken RA, Adams RH, Koh GY, Saharinen P, Alitalo K. Tie1 deletion inhibits tumor growth and improves angiopoietin antagonist therapy. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:824-34. [PMID: 24430181 DOI: 10.1172/jci68897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial Tie1 receptor is ligand-less, but interacts with the Tie2 receptor for angiopoietins (Angpt). Angpt2 is expressed in tumor blood vessels, and its blockade inhibits tumor angiogenesis. Here we found that Tie1 deletion from the endothelium of adult mice inhibits tumor angiogenesis and growth by decreasing endothelial cell survival in tumor vessels, without affecting normal vasculature. Treatment with VEGF or VEGFR-2 blocking antibodies similarly reduced tumor angiogenesis and growth; however, no additive inhibition was obtained by targeting both Tie1 and VEGF/VEGFR-2. In contrast, treatment of Tie1-deficient mice with a soluble form of the extracellular domain of Tie2, which blocks Angpt activity, resulted in additive inhibition of tumor growth. Notably, Tie1 deletion decreased sprouting angiogenesis and increased Notch pathway activity in the postnatal retinal vasculature, while pharmacological Notch suppression in the absence of Tie1 promoted retinal hypervasularization. Moreover, substantial additive inhibition of the retinal vascular front migration was observed when Angpt2 blocking antibodies were administered to Tie1-deficient pups. Thus, Tie1 regulates tumor angiogenesis, postnatal sprouting angiogenesis, and endothelial cell survival, which are controlled by VEGF, Angpt, and Notch signals. Our results suggest that targeting Tie1 in combination with Angpt/Tie2 has the potential to improve antiangiogenic therapy.
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100
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Avraham HK, Jiang S, Fu Y, Nakshatri H, Ovadia H, Avraham S. Angiopoietin-2 mediates blood-brain barrier impairment and colonization of triple-negative breast cancer cells in brain. J Pathol 2014; 232:369-81. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hava Karsenty Avraham
- Division of Experimental Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - Shuxian Jiang
- Division of Experimental Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - Yigong Fu
- Division of Experimental Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Departments of Surgery, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Haim Ovadia
- Department of Neurology; Hadassah University Hospital; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Shalom Avraham
- Division of Experimental Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
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