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Uddin MA, Akhter MS, Kubra KT, Whitaker KE, Shipley SL, Smith LM, Barabutis N. Hsp90 inhibition protects the brain microvascular endothelium against oxidative stress. BRAIN DISORDERS 2021; 1. [PMID: 33569547 PMCID: PMC7869856 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2020.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain endothelium is an integral element of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Dysfunction of this formation due to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) progresses the establishment of neurological disorders including stroke and traumatic brain injury. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors are anti-inflammatory agents, and their activities are mediated, at least in part, by P53. This is a tumor suppressor protein which regulates the opposing activities of Rac1 and RhoA in the cellular cytoskeleton. In the present study we investigated the role of Hsp90 inhibitors in the H2O2-induced brain endothelium breakdown, by employing human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3). Our findings suggest that H2O2 downregulates P53 by enhancing the P53 suppressor mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), as well as by increasing the apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor 1 (APE1/Ref1). The H2O2 – triggered violation of the brain endothelium barrier was reflected in measurements of transendothelial resistance, and the increased expression of the key cytoskeletal modulators cofilin and myosin light chain 2 (MLC2). Treatment of the hCMEC/D3 cells with Hsp90 inhibitors counteracted those events, and reduced the generation of the hydrogen peroxide – induced reactive oxygen species. Hence, our study suggests that Hsp90 inhibition supports the BBB integrity, and may represent a promising therapeutic approach for disorders associated with brain endothelium breakdown; including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Kathryn E Whitaker
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Summer L Shipley
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Landon M Smith
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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52
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Mishra SJ, Liu W, Beebe K, Banerjee M, Kent CN, Munthali V, Koren J, Taylor JA, Neckers LM, Holzbeierlein J, Blagg BSJ. The Development of Hsp90β-Selective Inhibitors to Overcome Detriments Associated with pan-Hsp90 Inhibition. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1545-1557. [PMID: 33428418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 90 kD heat shock proteins (Hsp90) are molecular chaperones that are responsible for the folding of select proteins, many of which are directly associated with cancer progression. Consequently, inhibition of the Hsp90 protein folding machinery results in a combinatorial attack on numerous oncogenic pathways. Seventeen small-molecule inhibitors of Hsp90 have entered clinical trials for the treatment of cancer, all of which bind the Hsp90 N-terminus and exhibit pan-inhibitory activity against all four Hsp90 isoforms, which may lead to adverse effects. The development of Hsp90 isoform-selective inhibitors represents an alternative approach toward the treatment of cancer and may limit some of these detriments. Described herein, is a structure-based approach to develop isoform-selective inhibitors of Hsp90β, which induces the degradation of select Hsp90 clients without concomitant induction of Hsp90 levels. Together, these initial studies support the development of Hsp90β-selective inhibitors as a method for overcoming the detriments associated with pan-inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket J Mishra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Weiya Liu
- Department of Urologic Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Kristin Beebe
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 10 - Hatfield CRC, Rockville, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Monimoy Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Caitlin N Kent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vitumbiko Munthali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - John Koren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urologic Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Leonard M Neckers
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 10 - Hatfield CRC, Rockville, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Jeffrey Holzbeierlein
- Department of Urologic Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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53
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Singh S, Abu-Zaid A, Lin W, Low J, Abdolvahabi A, Jin H, Wu Q, Cooke B, Fang J, Bowling J, Vaithiyalingam S, Currier D, Yun MK, Fernando DM, Maier J, Tillman H, Bulsara P, Lu Z, Das S, Shelat A, Li Z, Young B, Lee R, Rankovic Z, Murphy AJ, White SW, Davidoff AM, Chen T, Yang J. 17-DMAG dually inhibits Hsp90 and histone lysine demethylases in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. iScience 2020; 24:101996. [PMID: 33490904 PMCID: PMC7811140 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) play critical roles in oncogenesis and therefore may be effective targets for anticancer therapy. Using a time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer demethylation screen assay, in combination with multiple orthogonal validation approaches, we identified geldanamycin and its analog 17-DMAG as KDM inhibitors. In addition, we found that these Hsp90 inhibitors increase degradation of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) driver oncoprotein PAX3-FOXO1 and induce the repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 at genomic loci of PAX3-FOXO1 targets. We found that as monotherapy 17-DMAG significantly inhibits expression of PAX3-FOXO1 target genes and multiple oncogenic pathways, induces a muscle differentiation signature, delays tumor growth and extends survival in aRMS xenograft mouse models. The combination of 17-DMAG with conventional chemotherapy significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy, indicating that targeting KDM in combination with chemotherapy may serve as a therapeutic approach to PAX3-FOXO1-positive aRMS. Identification of geldanamycin/17-DMAG as histone lysine demethylase inhibitors Geldanamycin/17-DMAG causes degradation of PAX3-FOXO1, an Hsp90 client Geldanamycin/17-DMAG induces epigenetic changes and targets PAX3-FOXO1 pathway 17-DMAG alone or combined with chemotherapy show potency to PAX3-FOXO1 xenografts
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivendra Singh
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jonathan Low
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alireza Abdolvahabi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hongjian Jin
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Bailey Cooke
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - John Bowling
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sivaraja Vaithiyalingam
- Protein Technologies Center, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Duane Currier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mi-Kyung Yun
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Dinesh M Fernando
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Julie Maier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Heather Tillman
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Purva Bulsara
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zhaohua Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anang Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zhenmei Li
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brandon Young
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Stephen W White
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
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54
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Huang M, Myers CR, Wang Y, You M. Mitochondria as a Novel Target for Cancer Chemoprevention: Emergence of Mitochondrial-targeting Agents. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 14:285-306. [PMID: 33303695 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention is the most effective approach to control cancer in the population. Despite significant progress, chemoprevention has not been widely adopted because agents that are safe tend to be less effective and those that are highly effective tend to be toxic. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel and effective chemopreventive agents, such as mitochondria-targeted agents, that can prevent cancer and prolong survival. Mitochondria, the central site for cellular energy production, have important functions in cell survival and death. Several studies have revealed a significant role for mitochondrial metabolism in promoting cancer development and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer prevention. Conjugating delocalized lipophilic cations, such as triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+), to compounds of interest is an effective approach for mitochondrial targeting. The hyperpolarized tumor cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential allow for selective accumulation of TPP+ conjugates in tumor cell mitochondria versus those in normal cells. This could enhance direct killing of precancerous, dysplastic, and tumor cells while minimizing potential toxicities to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofei Huang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Charles R Myers
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming You
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. .,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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55
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Heat Shock Protein 90 Family Isoforms as Prognostic Biomarkers and Their Correlations with Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2148253. [PMID: 33145341 PMCID: PMC7596464 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2148253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The heat shock protein 90 (HSP90s) family is composed of molecular chaperones composed of four isoforms in humans, which has been widely reported as unregulated in various kinds of cancers. Nevertheless, the role of each HSP90s isoform in prognosis and immune infiltration in distinct subtypes of breast cancer (BRAC) remains unclear. Methods Public online databases including the Oncomine, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), GeneMANIA, and Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were integrated to perform bioinformatic analyses and to explore the possible associations among HSP90s gene expression, prognosis, and immune infiltration in BRAC. Results The mRNA expression of all HSP90s members was elevated in distinct clinical stages and subtypes of BRAC, compared with the normal breast tissue (P < 0.05). Overexpressed HSP90AA1 was associated with poor prognosis, particularly, both short overall survival (OS) and release-free survival (RFS) in Basal-like BRAC patients; overexpressed HSP90AB1 and HSP90B1 were both associated with poor RFS in Luminal A BRAC patients, while overexpressed TRAP1 was associated with favorable RFS in Luminal A BRAC patients. Moreover, HSP90s gene expression in BRAC showed correlations with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), DCs, and CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. The underlying mechanisms of HSP90s modulating tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) might be related with their functions in antigen processing and presentation, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding, and assisting client proteins. Conclusion This study demonstrated that HSP90s family genes were overexpressed and might be serve as prognostic biomarkers in subtypes of BRAC. It might be a novel breakthrough point of BRAC treatment to regulate immune infiltration in BRAC microenvironment for more effective anticancer immunity through pharmacological intervention of HSP90s.
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56
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Darby JF, Vidler LR, Simpson PJ, Al-Lazikani B, Matthews SJ, Sharp SY, Pearl LH, Hoelder S, Workman P. Solution structure of the Hop TPR2A domain and investigation of target druggability by NMR, biochemical and in silico approaches. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16000. [PMID: 32994435 PMCID: PMC7524759 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that plays an important role in tumour biology by promoting the stabilisation and activity of oncogenic 'client' proteins. Inhibition of Hsp90 by small-molecule drugs, acting via its ATP hydrolysis site, has shown promise as a molecularly targeted cancer therapy. Owing to the importance of Hop and other tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-containing cochaperones in regulating Hsp90 activity, the Hsp90-TPR domain interface is an alternative site for inhibitors, which could result in effects distinct from ATP site binders. The TPR binding site of Hsp90 cochaperones includes a shallow, positively charged groove that poses a significant challenge for druggability. Herein, we report the apo, solution-state structure of Hop TPR2A which enables this target for NMR-based screening approaches. We have designed prototype TPR ligands that mimic key native 'carboxylate clamp' interactions between Hsp90 and its TPR cochaperones and show that they block binding between Hop TPR2A and the Hsp90 C-terminal MEEVD peptide. We confirm direct TPR-binding of these ligands by mapping 1H-15N HSQC chemical shift perturbations to our new NMR structure. Our work provides a novel structure, a thorough assessment of druggability and robust screening approaches that may offer a potential route, albeit difficult, to address the chemically challenging nature of the Hop TPR2A target, with relevance to other TPR domain interactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Darby
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Lewis R Vidler
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Peter J Simpson
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Bruker UK Ltd, Banner Lane, Coventry, CV4 9GH, UK
| | - Bissan Al-Lazikani
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Stephen J Matthews
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Swee Y Sharp
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Laurence H Pearl
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Convergence Science Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and Imperial College London, London, UK.
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57
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Liu B, Shen Y, Huang H, Croce KD, Wu M, Fan Y, Liu Y, Xu J, Yao G. Curcumin derivative C212 inhibits Hsp90 and eliminates both growing and quiescent leukemia cells in deep dormancy. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:159. [PMID: 32993709 PMCID: PMC7523331 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapsed leukemia following initial therapeutic response and remission is difficult to treat and causes high patient mortality. Leukemia relapse is due to residual quiescent leukemia cells that escape conventional therapies and later reemerge. Eliminating not only growing but quiescent leukemia cells is critical to effectively treating leukemia and preventing its recurrence. Such dual targeting therapeutic agents, however, are lacking in the clinic. To start tackling this problem, encouraged by the promising anticancer effects of a set of curcumin derivatives in our earlier studies, we examined in this work the effects of a 4-arylmethyl curcumin derivative (C212) in eliminating both growing and quiescent leukemia cells. METHODS We analyzed the effects of C212 on the growth and viability of growing and quiescent leukemia cells using MTS, apoptosis, cell cycle and cell tracking assays. The effects of C212 on the quiescence depth of leukemia cells were measured using EdU incorporation assay upon growth stimulation. The mechanisms of C212-induced apoptosis and deep dormancy, particularly associated with its inhibition of Hsp90 activity, were studied using molecular docking, protein aggregation assay, and Western blot of client proteins. RESULTS C212, on the one hand, inhibits growing leukemia cells at a higher efficacy than curcumin by inducing apoptosis and G2/M accumulation; it, on the other hand, eliminates quiescent leukemia cells that are resistant to conventional treatments. Furthermore, C212 drives leukemia cells into and kills them at deep quiescence. Lastly, we show that C212 induces apoptosis and drives cells into deep dormancy at least partially by binding to and inhibiting Hsp90, leading to client protein degradation and protein aggregation. CONCLUSION C212 effectively eliminates both growing and quiescent leukemia cells by inhibiting Hsp90. The property of C212 to kill quiescent leukemia cells in deep dormancy avoids the risk associated with awaking therapy-resistant subpopulation of quiescent leukemia cells during treatments, which may lead to the development of novel therapies against leukemia relapse. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Yunzhu Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian China
| | - Huafang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
| | - Kimiko Della Croce
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Min Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
| | - Yingjuan Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 China
| | - Guang Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
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58
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Astl L, Stetz G, Verkhivker GM. Dissecting Molecular Principles of the Hsp90 Chaperone Regulation by Allosteric Modulators Using a Hierarchical Simulation Approach and Network Modeling of Allosteric Interactions: Conformational Selection Dictates the Diversity of Protein Responses and Ligand-Specific Functional Mechanisms. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:6656-6677. [PMID: 32941034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Conformational plasticity of the Hsp90 molecular chaperones underlies the diversity of functional mechanisms that these versatile molecular machines employ to coordinate their vast protein clientele in the cellular environment. Despite a steady progress in studies of the Hsp90 machinery, a great deal remains unknown about molecular principles and ligand-specific functional mechanisms of the Hsp90 regulation by allosteric modulators that attracted significant attention because of their therapeutic potential. Due to structural complexity and dynamic nature of the Hsp90 responses to allosteric modulators, the atomistic details about the mode of action of these small molecules continue to be fairly scarce and controversial. In this work, we employ an integrative strategy that encompassed atomistic simulations of the Hsp90 proteins and hierarchical modeling of Hsp90-ligand binding with network analysis to explore functional mechanisms of the Hsp90 regulation by a panel of allosteric modulators (novobiocin, KU-135, KU-174, and KU-32) with different models of action. The results show that functional mechanisms of allosteric modulation in the Hsp90 proteins may be driven by conformational selection principles in which ligands elicit pre-existing states of the unbound chaperone to drive ligand-specific protein responses and distinct scenarios of Hsp90 regulation. We found that novobiocin can selectively sequester an ensemble of open chaperone conformations and inhibit the progression of the functional cycle through a cascade of cumulative dynamic changes. In contrast, KU-32 displayed unique preferences toward partially closed dynamic states, inducing robust allosteric signaling and stimulation of the ATPase cycle. The proposed model of the Hsp90 regulation by allosteric modulators reconciled diverse experimental data and showed that allosteric modulators may operate via targeted exploitation of dynamic landscapes eliciting vastly different protein responses and diverse mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindy Astl
- Graduate Program in Computational and Data Sciences, Keck Center for Science and Engineering, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Gabrielle Stetz
- Graduate Program in Computational and Data Sciences, Keck Center for Science and Engineering, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Gennady M Verkhivker
- Graduate Program in Computational and Data Sciences, Keck Center for Science and Engineering, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, United States
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59
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Paladino A, Woodford MR, Backe SJ, Sager RA, Kancherla P, Daneshvar MA, Chen VZ, Bourboulia D, Ahanin EF, Prodromou C, Bergamaschi G, Strada A, Cretich M, Gori A, Veronesi M, Bandiera T, Vanna R, Bratslavsky G, Serapian SA, Mollapour M, Colombo G. Chemical Perturbation of Oncogenic Protein Folding: from the Prediction of Locally Unstable Structures to the Design of Disruptors of Hsp90-Client Interactions. Chemistry 2020; 26:9459-9465. [PMID: 32167602 PMCID: PMC7415569 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein folding quality control in cells requires the activity of a class of proteins known as molecular chaperones. Heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90), a multidomain ATP driven molecular machine, is a prime representative of this family of proteins. Interactions between Hsp90, its co-chaperones, and client proteins have been shown to be important in facilitating the correct folding and activation of clients. Hsp90 levels and functions are elevated in tumor cells. Here, we computationally predict the regions on the native structures of clients c-Abl, c-Src, Cdk4, B-Raf and Glucocorticoid Receptor, that have the highest probability of undergoing local unfolding, despite being ordered in their native structures. Such regions represent potential ideal interaction points with the Hsp90-system. We synthesize mimics spanning these regions and confirm their interaction with partners of the Hsp90 complex (Hsp90, Cdc37 and Aha1) by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Designed mimics selectively disrupt the association of their respective clients with the Hsp90 machinery, leaving unrelated clients unperturbed and causing apoptosis in cancer cells. Overall, selective targeting of Hsp90 protein-protein interactions is achieved without causing indiscriminate degradation of all clients, setting the stage for the development of therapeutics based on specific chaperone:client perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark R Woodford
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Sarah J Backe
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Rebecca A Sager
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Priyanka Kancherla
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Michael A Daneshvar
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Victor Z Chen
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Dimitra Bourboulia
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Elham F Ahanin
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marina Veronesi
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bandiera
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
| | - Renzo Vanna
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, IFN-CNR, c/o Dept. of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Gennady Bratslavsky
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Stefano A Serapian
- University of Pavia, Department of Chemistry, Viale Taramelli 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mehdi Mollapour
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- SCITEC-CNR, via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano, Italy
- University of Pavia, Department of Chemistry, Viale Taramelli 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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60
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HSP90 Inhibition and Modulation of the Proteome: Therapeutical Implications for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155286. [PMID: 32722485 PMCID: PMC7432830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a catastrophic disease with poor outcomes and limited pharmacological approaches. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) has been recently involved in the wound-healing pathological response that leads to collagen deposition in patients with IPF and its inhibition represents an exciting drug target against the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Under physiological conditions, HSP90 guarantees proteostasis through the refolding of damaged proteins and the degradation of irreversibly damaged ones. Additionally, its inhibition, by specific HSP90 inhibitors (e.g., 17 AAG, 17 DAG, and AUY-922) has proven beneficial in different preclinical models of human disease. HSP90 inhibition modulates a complex subset of kinases and interferes with intracellular signaling pathways and proteome regulation. In this review, we evaluated the current evidence and rationale for the use of HSP90 inhibitors in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, discussed the intracellular pathways involved, described the limitations of the current understanding and provided insights for future research.
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61
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Backe SJ, Sager RA, Woodford MR, Makedon AM, Mollapour M. Post-translational modifications of Hsp90 and translating the chaperone code. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11099-11117. [PMID: 32527727 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.011833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have a remarkable ability to synthesize large amounts of protein in a very short period of time. Under these conditions, many hydrophobic surfaces on proteins may be transiently exposed, and the likelihood of deleterious interactions is quite high. To counter this threat to cell viability, molecular chaperones have evolved to help nascent polypeptides fold correctly and multimeric protein complexes assemble productively, while minimizing the danger of protein aggregation. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperone that is involved in the stability and activation of at least 300 proteins, also known as clients, under normal cellular conditions. The Hsp90 clients participate in the full breadth of cellular processes, including cell growth and cell cycle control, signal transduction, DNA repair, transcription, and many others. Hsp90 chaperone function is coupled to its ability to bind and hydrolyze ATP, which is tightly regulated both by co-chaperone proteins and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Many reported PTMs of Hsp90 alter chaperone function and consequently affect myriad cellular processes. Here, we review the contributions of PTMs, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, SUMOylation, methylation, O-GlcNAcylation, ubiquitination, and others, toward regulation of Hsp90 function. We also discuss how the Hsp90 modification state affects cellular sensitivity to Hsp90-targeted therapeutics that specifically bind and inhibit its chaperone activity. The ultimate challenge is to decipher the comprehensive and combinatorial array of PTMs that modulate Hsp90 chaperone function, a phenomenon termed the "chaperone code."
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Backe
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca A Sager
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Mark R Woodford
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Alan M Makedon
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Mehdi Mollapour
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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62
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Pan C, Chun J, Li D, Boese AC, Li J, Kang J, Umano A, Jiang Y, Song L, Magliocca KR, Chen ZG, Saba NF, Shin DM, Owonikoko TK, Lonial S, Jin L, Kang S. Hsp90B enhances MAST1-mediated cisplatin resistance by protecting MAST1 from proteosomal degradation. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4110-4123. [PMID: 31449053 DOI: 10.1172/jci125963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase 1 (MAST1) is a central driver of cisplatin resistance in human cancers. However, the molecular mechanism regulating MAST1 levels in cisplatin-resistant tumors is unknown. Through a proteomics screen, we identified the heat shock protein 90 B (hsp90B) chaperone as a direct MAST1 binding partner essential for its stabilization. Targeting hsp90B sensitized cancer cells to cisplatin predominantly through MAST1 destabilization. Mechanistically, interaction of hsp90B with MAST1 blocked ubiquitination of MAST1 at lysines 317 and 545 by the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP and prevented proteasomal degradation. The hsp90B-MAST1-CHIP signaling axis and its relationship with cisplatin response were clinically validated in cancer patients. Furthermore, combined treatment with a hsp90 inhibitor and the MAST1 inhibitor lestaurtinib further abrogated MAST1 activity and consequently enhanced cisplatin-induced tumor growth arrest in a patient-derived xenograft model. Our study not only uncovers the regulatory mechanism of MAST1 in tumors but also suggests a promising combinatorial therapy to overcome cisplatin resistance in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyun Pan
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Austin C Boese
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - JiHoon Kang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anna Umano
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yunhan Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lina Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kelly R Magliocca
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhuo G Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lingtao Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sumin Kang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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63
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Uddin MA, Kubra KT, Sonju JJ, Akhter MS, Seetharama J, Barabutis N. Effects of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition In the Lungs. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2020; 6. [PMID: 32728665 PMCID: PMC7390472 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of Hsp90 is associated with anti-inflammatory effects. We employed human lung microvascular endothelial cells to investigate the effects of the Hsp90 inhibitors 17-AAG, AUY-922 and 17-DMAG in the unfolded protein response (UPR) and viability of lung cells. Our observations indicate that moderate doses of those compounds trigger the activation of the UPR without inducing lethal effects in vitro. Indeed, AUY-922 triggered UPR activation in the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. UPR has been previously involved in the enhancement of the lung endothelial barrier function. Thus, the present study suggests that the barrier protective effects of Hsp90 inhibition in the lung microvasculature are highly probable to be associated with the activation of the UPR. Hence, the development of novel compounds which stochastically capacitate the repairing elements of UPR, may deliver new therapeutic possibilities against the severities of the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Jafrin Jobayer Sonju
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Jois Seetharama
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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64
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Synergistic Anti Leukemia Effect of a Novel Hsp90 and a Pan Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092220. [PMID: 32397330 PMCID: PMC7248782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is among the top four malignancies in Saudi nationals, and it is the top leukemia subtype worldwide. Resistance to available AML drugs requires the identification of new targets and agents. Hsp90 is one of the emerging important targets in AML, which has a central role in the regulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation through client proteins including the growth factor receptors and cyclin dependent kinases. The objective of the first part of this study is to investigate the putative Hsp90 inhibition activity of three novel previously synthesized quinazolines, which showed HL60 cytotoxicity and VEGFR2 and EGFR kinases inhibition activities. Using surface plasmon resonance, compound 1 (HAA2020) showed better Hsp90 inhibition compared to 17-AAG, and a docking study revealed that it fits nicely into the ATPase site. The objective of the second part is to maximize the anti-leukemic activity of HAA2020, which was combined with each of the eleven standard inhibitors. The best resulting synergistic effect in HL60 cells was with the pan cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) inhibitor dinaciclib, using an MTT assay. Furthermore, the inhibiting effect of the Hsp90α gene by the combination of HAA2020 and dinaciclib was associated with increased caspase-7 and TNF-α, leading to apoptosis in HL60 cells. In addition, the combination upregulated p27 simultaneously with the inhibition of cyclinD3 and CDK2, leading to abolished HL60 proliferation and survival. The actions of HAA2020 propagated the apoptotic and cell cycle control properties of dinaciclib, showing the importance of co-targeting Hsp90 and CDK, which could lead to the better management of leukemia.
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65
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Taldone T, Wang T, Rodina A, Pillarsetty NVK, Digwal CS, Sharma S, Yan P, Joshi S, Pagare PP, Bolaender A, Roboz GJ, Guzman ML, Chiosis G. A Chemical Biology Approach to the Chaperome in Cancer-HSP90 and Beyond. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:a034116. [PMID: 30936118 PMCID: PMC6773535 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is often associated with alterations in the chaperome, a collection of chaperones, cochaperones, and other cofactors. Changes in the expression levels of components of the chaperome, in the interaction strength among chaperome components, alterations in chaperome constituency, and in the cellular location of chaperome members, are all hallmarks of cancer. Here we aim to provide an overview on how chemical biology has played a role in deciphering such complexity in the biology of the chaperome in cancer and in other diseases. The focus here is narrow and on pathologic changes in the chaperome executed by enhancing the interaction strength between components of distinct chaperome pathways, specifically between those of HSP90 and HSP70 pathways. We will review chemical tools and chemical probe-based assays, with a focus on HSP90. We will discuss how kinetic binding, not classical equilibrium binding, is most appropriate in the development of drugs and probes for the chaperome in disease. We will then present our view on how chaperome inhibitors may become potential drugs and diagnostics in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Taldone
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Tai Wang
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Anna Rodina
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | | | - Chander S Digwal
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Pengrong Yan
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Suhasini Joshi
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Piyusha P Pagare
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Alexander Bolaender
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Gail J Roboz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Leukemia Program, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10065
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Leukemia Program, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10065
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
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66
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Scodes S, Cappuzzo F. Determining the appropriate treatment for different EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:565-576. [PMID: 32233809 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1746646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations occur in a significant fraction of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Most common activating mutations are in-frame deletion in exon 19 and point mutation in exon 21. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent standard of care of EGFR mutated patients bearing common mutations. Therapy for individuals carrying uncommon mutations, such as G719X, L861Q, S768I, is less defined and few options exist for individuals harboring EGFR exon 20 mutations. In all mutated patients, drug resistance remains the most critical clinical problem and new agents and strategies are under investigation.Areas covered: We have reviewed the current status of NSCLC EGFR mutated treatment by analyzing data from preclinical studies, clinical prospective and retrospective trials in order to analyze current and future options for patients harboring different EGFR mutations.Expert opinion: At the present time, available data demonstrated that osimertinib is the best EGFR-TKI for front-line therapy. Other agents, such as dacomitinib, and new drug combinations, such as regimens including anti-angiogenic agents or chemotherapy, demonstrated to significantly prolong progression-free survival or overall survival, representing potential alternative to osimertinib. Many questions remain opened, including best drug sequencing and needing of new therapeutic approaches extending patient survival and cure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Scodes
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
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67
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Barabutis N. Heat shock protein 90 inhibition in the inflamed lungs. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:195-197. [PMID: 31950341 PMCID: PMC7058811 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 is a highly conserved molecular chaperone, essential for cellular survival under diverse environments. Since this protein is employed by tumors to promote their prevalence, heat shock protein 90 inhibitors have been developed to oppose malignancies. The anti-cancer effects of those compounds appear to be associated with anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, ongoing laborious efforts investigate the possible application of those agents towards inflammatory disorders of the lungs, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA.
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68
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Siddiqui F, Alam C, Rosenqvist P, Ora M, Sabt A, Manoharan GB, Bindu L, Okutachi S, Catillon M, Taylor T, Abdelhafez OM, Lönnberg H, Stephen AG, Papageorgiou AC, Virta P, Abankwa D. PDE6D Inhibitors with a New Design Principle Selectively Block K-Ras Activity. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:832-842. [PMID: 31956834 PMCID: PMC6964506 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The trafficking chaperone PDE6D (also referred to as PDEδ) has been nominated as a surrogate target for K-Ras4B (hereafter K-Ras). Arl2-assisted unloading of K-Ras from PDE6D in the perinuclear area is significant for correct K-Ras localization and therefore activity. However, the unloading mechanism also leads to the undesired ejection of PDE6D inhibitors. To counteract ejection, others have recently optimized inhibitors for picomolar affinities; however, cell penetration generally seems to remain an issue. To increase resilience against ejection, we engineered a "chemical spring" into prenyl-binding pocket inhibitors of PDE6D. Furthermore, cell penetration was improved by attaching a cell-penetration group, allowing us to arrive at micromolar in cellulo potencies in the first generation. Our model compounds, Deltaflexin-1 and -2, selectively disrupt K-Ras, but not H-Ras membrane organization. This selectivity profile is reflected in the antiproliferative activity on colorectal and breast cancer cells, as well as the ability to block stemness traits of lung and breast cancer cells. While our current model compounds still have a low in vitro potency, we expect that our modular and simple inhibitor redesign could significantly advance the development of pharmacologically more potent compounds against PDE6D and related targets, such as UNC119 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid
A. Siddiqui
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and
Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Catharina Alam
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and
Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Petja Rosenqvist
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Ora
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ahmed Sabt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Chemistry
of Natural Compounds Department, National
Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ganesh babu Manoharan
- Cancer
Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Lakshman Bindu
- NCI
RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 21702 Frederick, Maryland, United States
| | - Sunday Okutachi
- Cancer
Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Marie Catillon
- Cancer
Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Troy Taylor
- NCI
RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 21702 Frederick, Maryland, United States
| | - Omaima M. Abdelhafez
- Chemistry
of Natural Compounds Department, National
Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Harri Lönnberg
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Andrew G. Stephen
- NCI
RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 21702 Frederick, Maryland, United States
| | | | - Pasi Virta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- Turku
Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and
Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Cancer
Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- E-mail:
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69
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Costa TEMM, Raghavendra NM, Penido C. Natural heat shock protein 90 inhibitors in cancer and inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112063. [PMID: 31972392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP)90 is the most abundant HSPs, which are chaperone molecules whose major roles are cell protection and maintenance by means of aiding the folding, the stabilization and the remodeling of a wide range of proteins. A few hundreds of proteins depend on HSP90 chaperone activity, including kinases and transcriptional factors that play essential roles in cancer and inflammation, so that HSP90-targeted therapies have been considered as a potential strategy for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory-associated diseases. HSP90 inhibition by natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds have yield promising results in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials for different types of cancers and inflammation. Natural products are a huge source of biologically active compounds widely used in drug development due to the great diversity of their metabolites which are capable to modulate several protein functions. HSP90 inhibitors have been isolated from bacteria, fungi and vegetal species. These natural compounds have a noteworthy ability to modulate HSP90 activity as well as serve as scaffolds for the development of novel synthetic or semi-synthetic inhibitors. Over a hundred clinical trials have evaluated the effect of HSP90 inhibitors as adjuvant treatment against different types of tumors and, currently, new studies are being developed to gain sight on novel promising and more effective approaches for cancer treatment. In this review, we present the naturally occurring HSP90 inhibitors and analogues, discussing their anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thadeu E M M Costa
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Institute of Drug Technology, Farmanguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Nulgumnalli Manjunathaiah Raghavendra
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya and BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560090, India.
| | - Carmen Penido
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Institute of Drug Technology, Farmanguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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70
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Milani A, Basirnejad M, Bolhassani A. Heat-shock proteins in diagnosis and treatment: an overview of different biochemical and immunological functions. Immunotherapy 2020; 11:215-239. [PMID: 30730280 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) have been involved in different functions including chaperone activity, protein folding, apoptosis, autophagy and immunity. The HSP families have powerful effects on the stimulation of innate immune responses through Toll-like receptors and scavenger receptors. Moreover, HSP-mediated phagocytosis directly enhances the processing and presentation of internalized antigens via the endocytic pathway in adaptive immune system. These properties of HSPs have been used for development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against infectious and noninfectious diseases. Several studies also demonstrated the relationship between HSPs and drug resistance as well as their use as a novel biomarker for detecting tumors in patients. The present review describes different roles of HSPs in biology and medicine especially biochemical and immunological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Milani
- Department of Hepatitis & AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian Comprehensive Hemophilia Care Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis & AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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71
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Goyal L, Chaudhary SP, Kwak EL, Abrams TA, Carpenter AN, Wolpin BM, Wadlow RC, Allen JN, Heist R, McCleary NJ, Chan JA, Goessling W, Schrag D, Ng K, Enzinger PC, Ryan DP, Clark JW. A phase 2 clinical trial of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) inhibitor ganetespib in patients with refractory advanced esophagogastric cancer. Invest New Drugs 2020; 38:1533-1539. [PMID: 31898183 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Subsets of esophagogastric (EG) cancers harbor genetic abnormalities, including amplification of HER2, MET, or FGFR2 or mutations in PIK3CA, EGFR, or BRAF. Ganetespib which is a novel triazolone heterocyclic inhibitor of HSP90, is a potentially biologically rational treatment strategy for advanced EG cancers with these gene amplification. This multicenter, single-arm phase 2 trial enrolled patients with histologically confirmed advanced EG cancer with progression on at least one line of systemic therapy. Patients received Ganetespib 200 mg/m2 IV on Days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included: Progression Free Survival (PFS); to correlate the presence of HSP clients with ORR and PFS; evaluating the safety, tolerability and adverse events profile. In this study 26 eligible patients mainly: male 77%, median age 64 years were enrolled. The most common drug-related adverse events were diarrhea (77%), fatigue (65%), elevated ALKP (42%), and elevated AST (38%). The most common grade 3/4 AEs included: leucopenia (12%), fatigue (12%), diarrhea (8%), and elevated ALKP (8%). The ORR of 4% reflects the single patient of 26 who had a complete response and stayed on treatment for more than seventy (70) months. Median PFS and OS was 61 days (2.0 months), 94 days (3.1 months) respectively. Ganetespib showed manageable toxicity. While the study was terminated early due to insufficient evidence of single-agent activity, the durable CR and 2 minor responses suggest that there may be a subset of EG patients who could benefit from this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipika Goyal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Surendra Pal Chaudhary
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA.
| | - Eunice L Kwak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Thomas A Abrams
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda N Carpenter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jill N Allen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Heist
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Chan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah Schrag
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter C Enzinger
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David P Ryan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Clark
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, 223 Bartlett Hall, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
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72
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Destabilization of ROR1 enhances activity of Ibrutinib against chronic lymphocytic leukemia in vivo. Pharmacol Res 2020; 151:104512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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73
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Workman P. Reflections and Outlook on Targeting HSP90, HSP70 and HSF1 in Cancer: A Personal Perspective. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:163-179. [PMID: 32297218 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This personal perspective focuses on small-molecule inhibitors of proteostasis networks in cancer-specifically the discovery and development of chemical probes and drugs acting on the molecular chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, and on the HSF1 stress pathway. Emphasis is on progress made and lessons learned and a future outlook is provided. Highly potent, selective HSP90 inhibitors have proved invaluable in exploring the role of this molecular chaperone family in biology and disease pathology. Clinical activity was observed, especially in non small cell lung cancer and HER2 positive breast cancer. Optimal use of HSP90 inhibitors in oncology will likely require development of creative combination strategies. HSP70 family members have proved technically harder to drug. However, recent progress has been made towards useful chemical tool compounds and these may signpost future clinical drug candidates. The HSF1 stress pathway is strongly validated as a target for cancer therapy. HSF1 itself is a ligandless transcription factor that is extremely challenging to drug directly. HSF1 pathway inhibitors have been identified mostly by phenotypic screening, including a series of bisamides from which a clinical candidate has been identified for treatment of ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma and potentially other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Workman
- CRUK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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74
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Morrison CN, Prosser KE, Stokes RW, Cordes A, Metzler-Nolte N, Cohen SM. Expanding medicinal chemistry into 3D space: metallofragments as 3D scaffolds for fragment-based drug discovery. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1216-1225. [PMID: 34123246 PMCID: PMC8148059 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05586j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) is a powerful strategy for the identification of new bioactive molecules. FBDD relies on fragment libraries, generally of modest size, but of high chemical diversity. Although good chemical diversity in FBDD libraries has been achieved in many respects, achieving shape diversity - particularly fragments with three-dimensional (3D) structures - has remained challenging. A recent analysis revealed that >75% of all conventional, organic fragments are predominantly 1D or 2D in shape. However, 3D fragments are desired because molecular shape is one of the most important factors in molecular recognition by a biomolecule. To address this challenge, the use of inert metal complexes, so-called 'metallofragments' (mFs), to construct a 3D fragment library is introduced. A modest library of 71 compounds has been prepared with rich shape diversity as gauged by normalized principle moment of inertia (PMI) analysis. PMI analysis shows that these metallofragments occupy an area of fragment space that is unique and highly underrepresented when compared to conventional organic fragment libraries that are comprised of orders of magnitude more molecules. The potential value of this metallofragment library is demonstrated by screening against several different types of proteins, including an antiviral, an antibacterial, and an anticancer target. The suitability of the metallofragments for future hit-to-lead development was validated through the determination of IC50 and thermal shift values for select fragments against several proteins. These findings demonstrate the utility of metallofragment libraries as a means of accessing underutilized 3D fragment space for FBDD against a variety of protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine N Morrison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Kathleen E Prosser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Ryjul W Stokes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Anna Cordes
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie 1, Bioanorganische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie 1, Bioanorganische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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75
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Menezes JC, Diederich MF. Natural dimers of coumarin, chalcones, and resveratrol and the link between structure and pharmacology. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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76
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Siddiqui FA, Parkkola H, Manoharan GB, Abankwa D. Medium-Throughput Detection of Hsp90/Cdc37 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors Using a Split Renilla Luciferase-Based Assay. SLAS DISCOVERY 2019; 25:195-206. [PMID: 31662027 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219884033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The protein-folding chaperone Hsp90 enables the maturation and stability of various oncogenic signaling proteins and is thus pursued as a cancer drug target. Folding in particular of protein kinases is assisted by the co-chaperone Cdc37. Several inhibitors against the Hsp90 ATP-binding site have been developed. However, they displayed significant toxicity in clinical trials. By contrast, the natural product conglobatin A has an exceptionally low toxicity in mice. It targets the protein-protein interface (PPI) of Hsp90 and Cdc37, suggesting that interface inhibitors have an interesting drug development potential. In order to identify inhibitors of the Hsp90/Cdc37 PPI, we have established a mammalian cell lysate-based, medium-throughput amenable split Renilla luciferase assay. This assay employs N-terminal and C-terminal fragments of Renilla luciferase fused to full-length human Hsp90 and Cdc37, respectively. We expect that our assay will allow for the identification of novel Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction inhibitors. Such tool compounds will help to evaluate whether the toxicity profile of Hsp90/Cdc37 PPI inhibitors is in general more favorable than that of ATP-competitive Hsp90 inhibitors. Further development of such tool compounds may lead to new classes of Hsp90 inhibitors with applications in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Ahmad Siddiqui
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hanna Parkkola
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Ganesh Babu Manoharan
- Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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77
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Huck JD, Que NL, Sharma S, Taldone T, Chiosis G, Gewirth DT. Structures of Hsp90α and Hsp90β bound to a purine-scaffold inhibitor reveal an exploitable residue for drug selectivity. Proteins 2019; 87:869-877. [PMID: 31141217 PMCID: PMC6718336 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hsp90α and Hsp90β are implicated in a number of cancers and neurodegenerative disorders but the lack of selective pharmacological probes confounds efforts to identify their individual roles. Here, we analyzed the binding of an Hsp90α-selective PU compound, PU-11-trans, to the two cytosolic paralogs. We determined the co-crystal structures of Hsp90α and Hsp90β bound to PU-11-trans, as well as the structure of the apo Hsp90β NTD. The two inhibitor-bound structures reveal that Ser52, a nonconserved residue in the ATP binding pocket in Hsp90α, provides additional stability to PU-11-trans through a water-mediated hydrogen-bonding network. Mutation of Ser52 to alanine, as found in Hsp90β, alters the dissociation constant of Hsp90α for PU-11-trans to match that of Hsp90β. Our results provide a structural explanation for the binding preference of PU inhibitors for Hsp90α and demonstrate that the single nonconserved residue in the ATP-binding pocket may be exploited for α/β selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Huck
- Hauptman-Wood ward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Structural Biology, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY USA
| | | | - Sahil Sharma
- Program in Chemical Biology and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Tony Taldone
- Program in Chemical Biology and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Program in Chemical Biology and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel T. Gewirth
- Hauptman-Wood ward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Structural Biology, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY USA
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78
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Kale Ş, Korcum AF, Dündar E, Erin N. HSP90 inhibitor PU-H71 increases radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells metastasized to visceral organs and alters the levels of inflammatory mediators. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:253-262. [PMID: 31522240 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors are considered as new radiosensitizing agents. PU-H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, is under evaluation for the treatment of advanced cancer. It is however not known whether PU-H71 alters radiosensitivity of metastatic breast cancer. Hence, we here evaluated mechanisms of possible anti-tumoral and radiosensitizing effects of PU-H71 on breast carcinoma cells metastasized to vital organs such as the liver and brain. The effect of PU-H71 on proliferation of breast carcinoma cells was determined using 4T1 cells and its brain (4TBM), liver (4TLM), and heart (4THM) metastatic subsets as well as non-metastatic 67NR cells. Changes in radiation sensitivity were determined by clonogenic assays. Changes in client proteins and levels of angiogenic and inflammatory mediators from these cancer cell cultures and ex vivo cultures were detected. PU-H71 alone inhibited ERK1/2, p38, and Akt activation and reduced N-cadherin and HER2 which further documented the anti-tumoral effects of PU-H71. The combination of PU-H71 and radiotherapy induced cytotoxic effect than PU-H71 alone, and PU-H71 showed a radiosensitizing effect in vitro. On the other hand, PU-H71 and radiation co-treatment increased p38 phosphorylation which is one of the hallmarks of inflammatory response. Accordingly, IL-6 secretion was increased following PU-H71 and radiotherapy co-treatment ex vivo. Levels of angiogenic and inflammatory factors such as MIP-2, SDF-1, and VEGF were increased under in vitro conditions but not under ex vivo conditions. These results demonstrated for the first time that PU-H71 enhances therapeutic effects of radiotherapy especially in highly metastatic breast carcinoma but a possible increase in inflammatory response should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şule Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, B-block, First floor, SBAUM, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aylin F Korcum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Dündar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nuray Erin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, B-block, First floor, SBAUM, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
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79
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Natural compounds as potential Hsp90 inhibitors for breast cancer-Pharmacophore guided molecular modelling studies. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 83:107113. [PMID: 31493740 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.107113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the major impediments affecting women globally. The ATP-dependant heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) forms the central component of molecular chaperone machinery that predominantly governs the folding of newly synthesized peptides and their conformational maturation. It regulates the stability and function of numerous client proteins that are frequently upregulated and/or mutated in cancer cells, therefore, making Hsp90 inhibition a promising therapeutic strategy for the development of new efficacious drugs to treat breast cancer. In the present in silico investigation, a structure-based pharmacophore model was generated with hydrogen bond donor, hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrophobic features complementary to crucial residues Ala55, Lys58, Asp93, Ile96, Met98 and Thr184 directed at inhibiting the ATP-binding activity of Hsp90. Subsequently, the phytochemical dataset of 3210 natural compounds was screened to retrieve the prospective inhibitors after rigorous validation of the model pharmacophore. The retrieved 135 phytocompounds were further filtered by drug-likeness parameters including Lipinski's rule of five and ADMET properties, then investigated via molecular docking-based scoring. Molecular interactions were assessed using Genetic Optimisation for Ligand Docking program for 95 drug-like natural compounds against Hsp90 along with two clinical drugs as reference compounds - Geldanamycin and Radicicol. Docking studies revealed three phytochemicals are better than the investigated clinical drugs. The reference and hit compounds with dock scores of 48.27 (Geldanamycin), 40.90 (Radicicol), 73.04 (Hit1), 72.92 (Hit2) and 68.12 (Hit3) were further validated for their binding stability through molecular dynamics simulations. We propose that the non-macrocyclic scaffolds of three identified phytochemicals might aid in the development of novel therapeutic candidates against Hsp90-driven cancers.
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80
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Miao W, Li L, Wang Y. High-Throughput Targeted Quantitative Analysis of the Interaction between HSP90 and Kinases. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11507-11509. [PMID: 31476117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kinases, which function in numerous cell signaling processes, are among the best characterized groups of client proteins for the 90-kDa heat shock protein (HSP90), a molecular chaperone that suppresses the aggregation and maintains the proper folding of its substrate proteins (i.e., clients). No high-throughput proteomic method, however, has been developed for the characterizations of the interactions between HSP90 and the human kinome. Herein, by employing a parallel-reaction monitoring (PRM)-based targeted proteomic method, we found that 99 out of the 249 detected kinase proteins display diminished expression in cultured human cells upon treatment with ganetespib, a small-molecule HSP90 inhibitor. PRM analysis of kinase proteins in the affinity pull-down samples showed that 86 out of the 120 detected kinases are enriched from the CRISPR-engineered cells where a tandem affinity tag was conjugated with the C-terminus of endogenous HSP90β protein over the parental cells. Together, our results from the two complementary quantitative proteomic experiments offer systematic characterizations about the HSP90-kinase interactions at the entire proteome scale and reveal extensive interactions between HSP90 and kinase proteins in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Miao
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521-0403 , United States
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521-0403 , United States
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521-0403 , United States
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81
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Zheng ZG, Zhang X, Liu XX, Jin XX, Dai L, Cheng HM, Jing D, Thu PM, Zhang M, Li H, Zhu J, Liu C, Xue B, Li Y, Chen L, Peng C, Zhu W, Wang L, Liu J, Li HJ, Li P, Xu X. Inhibition of HSP90β Improves Lipid Disorders by Promoting Mature SREBPs Degradation via the Ubiquitin-proteasome System. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:5769-5783. [PMID: 31534518 PMCID: PMC6735373 DOI: 10.7150/thno.36505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Heat shock protein 9 (HSP90) are a family of the most highly expressed cellular proteins and attractive drug targets against cancer, neurodegeneration diseases, etc. HSP90 proteins have also been suggested to be linked to lipid metabolism. However, the specific function of HSP90 paralogs, as well as the underlying molecular cascades remains largely unknown. This study aims to unravel the paralog-specific role of HSP90 in lipid metabolism and try to discover paralog-specific HSP90 inhibitors. Methods: In non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, as well as in diet induced obese (DIO) mice, expression of HSP90 paralogs were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blot. In hepatocytes and in DIO mice, HSP90 proteins were knockdown by siRNAs/shRNAs, metabolic parameters, as well as downstream signaling were then investigated. By virtue screening, corylin was found to bind specifically to HSP90β. Using photo-affinity labeling and mass spectrum, corylin binding proteins were identified. After oral administration of corylin, its lipid lowering effects in different metabolic disease mice models were evaluated. Results: We showed that hepatic HSP90β, rather than HSP90α, was overexpressed in NAFLD patients and obese mice. Hepatic HSP90β was also clinical relevant to serum lipid level. Depletion of HSP90β promoted mature sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (mSREBPs) degradation through Akt-GSK3β-FBW7 pathway, thereby dramatically decreased the content of neutral lipids and cholesterol. We discovered an HSP90β-selective inhibitor (corylin) that only bound to its middle domain. We found that corylin treatment partially suppressed Akt activity only at Thr308 site and specifically promoted mSREBPs ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Corylin treatment significantly reduced lipid content in both liver cell lines and human primary hepatocytes. In animal studies, we showed that corylin ameliorated obesity-induced fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. Principle conclusions: HSP90β plays a parolog-specific role in regulating lipid homeostasis. Compound that selectively inhibits HSP90β could be useful in the clinic for the treatment for metabolic diseases.
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82
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Slovin S, Hussain S, Saad F, Garcia J, Picus J, Ferraldeschi R, Crespo M, Flohr P, Riisnaes R, Lin C, Keer H, Oganesian A, Workman P, de Bono J. Pharmacodynamic and Clinical Results from a Phase I/II Study of the HSP90 Inhibitor Onalespib in Combination with Abiraterone Acetate in Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4624-4633. [PMID: 31113841 PMCID: PMC9081826 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Onalespib is a potent, fragment-derived second-generation HSP90 inhibitor with preclinical activity in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CPRC) models. This phase I/II trial evaluated onalespib in combination with abiraterone acetate (AA) and either prednisone or prednisolone (P) in men with CRPC progressing on AA/P. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with progressing CRPC were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 2 regimens of onalespib combined with AA/P. Onalespib was administered as intravenous infusion starting at 220 mg/m2 once weekly for 3 of 4 weeks (regimen 1); or at 120 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 2 weekly for 3 of 4 weeks (regimen 2). Primary endpoints were response rate and safety. Secondary endpoints included evaluation of androgen receptor (AR) depletion in circulating tumor cells (CTC) and in fresh tumor tissue biopsies. RESULTS Forty-eight patients were treated with onalespib in combination with AA/P. The most common ≥grade 3 toxicities related to onalespib included diarrhea (21%) and fatigue (13%). Diarrhea was dose limiting at 260 and 160 mg/m2 for regimens 1 and 2, respectively. Transient decreases in CTC counts and AR expression in CTC were observed in both regimens. HSP72 was significantly upregulated following onalespib treatment, but only a modest decrease in AR and GR was shown in paired pre- and posttreatment tumor biopsy samples. No patients showed an objective or PSA response. CONCLUSIONS Onalespib in combination with AA/P showed mild evidence of some biological effect; however, this effect did not translate into clinical activity, hence further exploration of this combination was not justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Slovin
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Syed Hussain
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, United Kingdom
| | - Fred Saad
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Joel Picus
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Mateus Crespo
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope Flohr
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Riisnaes
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chihche Lin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | - Harold Keer
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | | | - Paul Workman
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johann de Bono
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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83
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Impact of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition on the Proteomic Profile of Lung Adenocarcinoma as Measured by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080806. [PMID: 31370342 PMCID: PMC6721529 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an important chaperone in lung adenocarcinoma, with relevant protein drivers such as EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and EML4-ALK (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like protein4 fused to anaplastic lymphoma kinase) depending on it for their correct function, therefore HSP90 inhibitors show promise as potential treatments for lung adenocarcinoma. To study responses to its inhibition, HSP90 was pharmacologically interrupted by geldanamycin and resorcinol derivatives or with combined inhibition of HSP90 plus HSP70 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was performed to identify proteomic profiles associated with inhibition which will help to understand the biological basis for the responses. HSP90 inhibition resulted in altered protein profiles that differed according the treatment condition studied. Results revealed 254 differentially expressed proteins after treatments, among which, eukaryotic translation initiation factor3 subunit I (eIF3i) and citrate synthase demonstrated their potential role as response biomarkers. The differentially expressed proteins also enabled signalling pathways involved in responses to be identified; these included apoptosis, serine-glycine biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. The proteomic profiles identified here contribute to an improved understanding of HSP90 inhibition and open possibilities for the detection of potential response biomarkers which will be essential to maximize treatment efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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84
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Balancing the Photoreceptor Proteome: Proteostasis Network Therapeutics for Inherited Retinal Disease. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10080557. [PMID: 31344897 PMCID: PMC6722924 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The light sensing outer segments of photoreceptors (PRs) are renewed every ten days due to their high photoactivity, especially of the cones during daytime vision. This demands a tremendous amount of energy, as well as a high turnover of their main biosynthetic compounds, membranes, and proteins. Therefore, a refined proteostasis network (PN), regulating the protein balance, is crucial for PR viability. In many inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) this balance is disrupted leading to protein accumulation in the inner segment and eventually the death of PRs. Various studies have been focusing on therapeutically targeting the different branches of the PR PN to restore the protein balance and ultimately to treat inherited blindness. This review first describes the different branches of the PN in detail. Subsequently, insights are provided on how therapeutic compounds directed against the different PN branches might slow down or even arrest the appalling, progressive blinding conditions. These insights are supported by findings of PN modulators in other research disciplines.
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85
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Scala A, Piperno A, Micale N, Christ F, Debyser Z. Synthesis and Anti-HIV Profile of a Novel Tetrahydroindazolylbenzamide Derivative Obtained by Oxazolone Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:398-401. [PMID: 30996769 PMCID: PMC6466547 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
A new
tetrahydroindazolylbenzamide derivative has been synthesized, characterized,
and evaluated as HIV-inhibitor. The biological data revealed the ability
to inhibit HIV proliferation with low cytotoxicity allowing for significant
selectivity (EC50 2.77 μM; CC50 118.7
μM; SI = 68). The compound did not inhibit the viral integrase
as demonstrated by in vitro studies. QPCR experiments
showed that the block of viral replication occurred at early replication
steps, prior to integration, profiling it as a late reverse transcription
inhibitor. An efficient multistep strategy was adopted for the synthesis
of the scaffold, consisting of a sequential ring-opening reaction
of oxazol-5-(4H)-one with 1,3-diketone, followed
by cyclocondensation with hydrazine and hydrolysis of the nitrile
to the desired carboxamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Scala
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, Messina I-98166, Italy
| | - Anna Piperno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, Messina I-98166, Italy
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, Messina I-98166, Italy
| | - Frauke Christ
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, UZ St. Rafael, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zeger Debyser
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, UZ St. Rafael, Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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86
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Vyse S, Huang PH. Targeting EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:5. [PMID: 30854234 PMCID: PMC6405763 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inframe insertions of three or more base pairs in exon 20 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene were among the first EGFR mutations to be identified as oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, unlike the classical EGFR L858R point mutation or exon 19 deletions, which represent the majority of EGFR mutations in NSCLC, low frequency EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations are associated with de novo resistance to targeted EGFR inhibitors and correlate with a poor patient prognosis. Here, we review the developments over the last 5 years in which pre-clinical studies, including elucidation of the crystal structure of an EGFR exon 20 insertion mutant kinase, have revealed a unique mechanism of kinase activation and steric conformation that define the lack of response of these EGFR mutations to clinically approved EGFR inhibitors. The recent development of several novel small molecule compounds that selectively inhibit EGFR exon 20 insertions holds promise for future therapeutic options that will be effective for patients with this molecular subtype of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vyse
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB United Kingdom
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB United Kingdom
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87
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Wang X, Zhang M, Ping F, Liu H, Sun J, Wang Y, Shen A, Ding J, Geng M. Identification and Therapeutic Intervention of Coactivated Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2, and Ephrin Type-A Receptor 5 Kinases in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatology 2019; 69:573-586. [PMID: 29356025 PMCID: PMC6586030 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Though kinase inhibitors have been heavily investigated in the clinic to combat advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), clinical outcomes have been disappointing overall, which may be due to the absence of kinase-addicted subsets in HCC patients. Recently, strategies that simultaneously inhibit multiple kinases are increasingly appreciated in HCC treatment, yet they are challenged by the dynamic nature of the kinase networks. This study aims to identify clustered kinases that may cooperate to drive the malignant growth of HCC. We show that anaplastic lymphoma kinase, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, and ephrin type-A receptor 5 are the essential kinases that assemble into a functional cluster to sustain the viability of HCC cells through downstream protein kinase B-dependent, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent, and p38-dependent signaling pathways. Their coactivation is associated with poor prognosis for overall survival in about 13% of HCC patients. Moreover, their activities are tightly regulated by heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Thereby Combined kinase inhibition or targeting of heat shock protein 90 led to significant therapeutic responses both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Our findings established a paradigm that highlights the cooperation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, and ephrin type-A receptor 5 kinases in governing the growth advantage of HCC cells, which might offer a conceptual "combined therapeutic target" for diagnosis and subsequent intervention in a subgroup of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Minmin Zhang
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fangfang Ping
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Hongchun Liu
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jingya Sun
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yueqin Wang
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Aijun Shen
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Anti‐tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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88
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Sbiera S, Kendl S, Weigand I, Sbiera I, Fassnacht M, Kroiss M. Hsp90 inhibition in adrenocortical carcinoma: Limited drug synergism with mitotane. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 480:36-41. [PMID: 30315857 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
90 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp90) act as protein chaperones and play a role in modulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Hsp90 inhibitors are under clinical investigation as cancer treatment. Mitotane therapy of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has been shown to act through lipid-induced ER-stress. To explore the potential of Hsp90 inhibitors in ACC as a single agent and in combination with mitotane, we analyzed two independent gene expression data sets of adrenal tumors in silico and treated the ACC cell line model NCI-H295 with Hsp90 inhibitors BIIB021 (B) and CCT18159 (C) alone and in combination with mitotane. ER-stress markers were monitored by immunoblotting. Drug synergism was quantified using the median effect model with cell viability as read-out. Cytosolic Hsp90 isoforms AA1 and AB1 were significantly overexpressed in ACC. Viability of H295 cells was impaired by B and C as single agents with an EC50 of 5.7 × 10-6M and 12.1 × 10-6M. B but not C dose-dependently increased XBP1 splicing and CHOP expression indicative of ER-stress activation. ER-stress marker expression was enhanced by co-incubation of B with 10 μM but not 5 μM mitotane. Maximal CHOP expression was induced by 25 μM mitotane alone with no additional effect of B. Combination indices (CI) of B and C with mitotane ranged from 0.64 to 1.38 and 0.68 to 1.30, respectively where CI values < 0.5 support clinically-relevant drug synergism. In conclusion, Hsp90 paralogs are differentially expressed in ACC and B but not C activates ER-stress in ACC cells. No meaningful drug synergism of Hsp90 inhibitors with mitotane was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Sbiera
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kendl
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Iuliu Sbiera
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Würzburg, Germany.
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89
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Somu P, Paul S. HSP90 and Its Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy: Use of Nano-delivery System to Improve Its Clinical Application. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23158-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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90
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Vermeulen K, Naus E, Ahamed M, Attili B, Siemons M, Luyten K, Celen S, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F, Bormans G. Evaluation of [ 11C]NMS-E973 as a PET tracer for in vivo visualisation of HSP90. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:554-572. [PMID: 30809293 PMCID: PMC6376183 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 is an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone important for folding, maturation and clearance of aberrantly expressed proteins and is abundantly expressed (1-2% of all proteins) in the cytosol of all normal cells. In some tumour cells, however, strong expression of HSP90 is also observed on the cell membrane and in the extracellular matrix and the affinity of tumoural HSP90 for ATP domain inhibitors was reported to increase over 100-fold compared to that of HSP90 in normal cells. Here, we explore [11C]NMS-E973 as a PET tracer for in vivo visualisation of HSP90 and as a potential tool for in vivo quantification of occupancy of HSP90 inhibitors. Methods: HSP90 expression was biochemically characterized in a panel of established cell lines including the melanoma line B16.F10. B16.F10 melanoma xenograft tumour tissue was compared to non-malignant mouse tissue. NMS-E973 was tested in vitro for HSP90 inhibitory activity in several tumour cell lines. HSP90-specific binding of [11C]NMS-E973 was evaluated in B16.F10 melanoma cells and B16.F10 melanoma, prostate cancer LNCaP and PC3, SKOV-3 xenograft tumour slices and in vivo in a B16.F10 melanoma mouse model. Results: Strong intracellular upregulation and abundant membrane localisation of HSP90 was observed in the different tumour cell lines, in the B16.F10 tumour cell line and in B16.F10 xenograft tumours compared to non-malignant tissue. NMS-E973 showed HSP90-specific inhibition and reduced proliferation of cells. [11C]NMS-E973 showed strong binding to B16.F10 melanoma cells, which was inhibited by 200 µM of PU-H71, a non-structurally related HSP90 inhibitor. HSP90-specific binding was observed by in vitro autoradiography of murine B16.F10 melanoma, LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer and SKOV-3 ovary carcinoma tissue slices. Further, B16.F10 melanoma-inoculated mice were subjected to a µPET study, where the tracer showed fast and persistent tumour uptake. Pretreatment of B16.F10 melanoma mice with PU-H71 or Ganetespib (50 mg/kg) completely blocked tumour accumulation of [11C]NMS-E973 and confirmed in vivo HSP90 binding specificity. HSP90-specific binding of [11C]NMS-E973 was observed in blood, lungs and spleen of tumour-bearing animals but not in control animals. Conclusion: [11C]NMS-E973 is a PET tracer for in vivo visualisation of tumour HSP90 expression and can potentially be used for quantification of HSP90 occupancy. Further translational evaluation of [11C]NMS-E973 is warranted.
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91
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Chan WC, Koide K. Total Synthesis of the Reported Structure of Stresgenin B Enabled by the Diastereoselective Cyanation of an Oxocarbenium. Org Lett 2018; 20:7798-7802. [PMID: 30525686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the first total synthesis of the reported structure of the heat shock protein expression inhibitor stresgenin B. The synthesis features (1) diastereoselective cyanation of an oxocarbenium intermediate en route to the synthetically challenging α-amido dioxolane, (2) Pd-catalyzed hydration of an unstable nitrile, and (3) late-stage Au-catalyzed Meyer-Schuster rearrangement or Ce-mediated Peterson olefination to furnish the exocyclic α,β-unsaturated ester. Our synthetic endeavors allowed us to conclude that the structure of stresgenin B requires revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chuen Chan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - Kazunori Koide
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
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92
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Centenera MM, Selth LA, Ebrahimie E, Butler LM, Tilley WD. New Opportunities for Targeting the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8:a030478. [PMID: 29530945 PMCID: PMC6280715 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent genomic analyses of metastatic prostate cancer have provided important insight into adaptive changes in androgen receptor (AR) signaling that underpin resistance to androgen deprivation therapies. Novel strategies are required to circumvent these AR-mediated resistance mechanisms and thereby improve prostate cancer survival. In this review, we present a summary of AR structure and function and discuss mechanisms of AR-mediated therapy resistance that represent important areas of focus for the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Centenera
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
| | - Luke A Selth
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Lisa M Butler
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
| | - Wayne D Tilley
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
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93
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Nabi F, Iqbal MK, Zhang H, Rehman MU, Shahzad M, Huang S, Han Z, Mehmood K, Ahmed N, Chachar B, Arain MA, Li J. Clinical efficiency and safety of Hsp90 inhibitor Novobiocin in avian tibial dyschondroplasia. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 41:902-911. [PMID: 30004119 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a bone defect of broilers and other poultry birds that disturbs growth plate and it causes lameness. Previously we evaluated differential expression of multiple genes involved in growth plate angiogenesis and reported the safety and efficacious of medicinal plant root extracted for controlling TD. In this study, clinical and protective effect of an antibiotic Novobiocin (Hsp90 inhibitor) and expression of Hsp90 and proteoglycan aggrecan was examined. The chicks were divided into three groups; Control, thiram-induced TD, and Novobiocin injected TD. After the induction of TD, the Novobiocin was administered through intraperitoneal route to TD-affected birds until the end of the experiment. The expressions and localization of Hsp90 were evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot, respectively. Morphological, histological examinations, and serum biomarker levels were evaluated to assess specificity and protective effects of Novobiocin. The results showed that TD causing retarded growth, enlarged growth plate, distended chondrocytes, irregular columns of cells, decreased antioxidant capacity, reduced protein levels of proteoglycan aggrecan, and upregulated in Hsp90 expression (p < 0.05) in dyschondroplastic birds as compared with control. Novobiocin treatment restored growth plate morphology, reducing width, stimulated chondrocyte differentiation, sprouting blood vessels, corrected oxidative imbalance, decreased Hsp90 expressions and increased aggrecan level. Novobiocin treatment controlled lameness and improved growth in broiler chicken induced by thiram. In conclusion, the accumulation of the cartilage and up-regulated Hsp90 are associated with TD pathogenesis and irregular chondrocyte morphology in TD is along with reduced aggrecan levels in the growth plate. Our results indicate that Novobiocin treatment has potential to reduce TD by controlling the expression of Hsp90 in addition to improve growth and hepatic toxicity in broiler chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazul Nabi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad K Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoqing Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Bahram Chachar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China
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94
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High-throughput screens identify HSP90 inhibitors as potent therapeutics that target inter-related growth and survival pathways in advanced prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17239. [PMID: 30467317 PMCID: PMC6250716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new treatments for castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) must address such challenges as intrinsic tumor heterogeneity and phenotypic plasticity. Combined PTEN/TP53 alterations represent a major genotype of CRPC (25–30%) and are associated with poor outcomes. Using tumor-derived, castration-resistant Pten/Tp53 null luminal prostate cells for comprehensive, high-throughput, mechanism-based screening, we identified several vulnerabilities among >1900 compounds, including inhibitors of: PI3K/AKT/mTOR, the proteasome, the cell cycle, heat shock proteins, DNA repair, NFκB, MAPK, and epigenetic modifiers. HSP90 inhibitors were one of the most active compound classes in the screen and have clinical potential for use in drug combinations to enhance efficacy and delay the development of resistance. To inform future design of rational drug combinations, we tested ganetespib, a potent second-generation HSP90 inhibitor, as a single agent in multiple CRPC genotypes and phenotypes. Ganetespib decreased growth of endogenous Pten/Tp53 null tumors, confirming therapeutic activity in situ. Fifteen human CRPC LuCaP PDX-derived organoid models were assayed for responses to 110 drugs, and HSP90 inhibitors (ganetespib and onalespib) were among the select group of drugs (<10%) that demonstrated broad activity (>75% of models) at high potency (IC50 <1 µM). Ganetespib inhibits multiple targets, including AR and PI3K pathways, which regulate mutually compensatory growth and survival signals in some forms of CRPC. Combined with castration, ganetespib displayed deeper PDX tumor regressions and delayed castration resistance relative to either monotherapy. In all, comprehensive data from near-patient models presents novel contexts for HSP90 inhibition in multiple CRPC genotypes and phenotypes, expands upon HSP90 inhibitors as simultaneous inhibitors of oncogenic signaling and resistance mechanisms, and suggests utility for combined HSP90/AR inhibition in CRPC.
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95
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Wang T, Rodina A, Dunphy MP, Corben A, Modi S, Guzman ML, Gewirth DT, Chiosis G. Chaperome heterogeneity and its implications for cancer study and treatment. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2162-2179. [PMID: 30409908 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev118.002811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The chaperome is the collection of proteins in the cell that carry out molecular chaperoning functions. Changes in the interaction strength between chaperome proteins lead to an assembly that is functionally and structurally distinct from each constituent member. In this review, we discuss the epichaperome, the cellular network that forms when the chaperome components of distinct chaperome machineries come together as stable, functionally integrated, multimeric complexes. In tumors, maintenance of the epichaperome network is vital for tumor survival, rendering them vulnerable to therapeutic interventions that target critical epichaperome network components. We discuss how the epichaperome empowers an approach for precision medicine cancer trials where a new target, biomarker, and relevant drug candidates can be correlated and integrated. We introduce chemical biology methods to investigate the heterogeneity of the chaperome in a given cellular context. Lastly, we discuss how ligand-protein binding kinetics are more appropriate than equilibrium binding parameters to characterize and unravel chaperome targeting in cancer and to gauge the selectivity of ligands for specific tumor-associated chaperome pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Wang
- From the Chemical Biology Program and
| | | | | | - Adriana Corben
- the Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Shanu Modi
- Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Daniel T Gewirth
- the Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- From the Chemical Biology Program and .,Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
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96
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Genest O, Wickner S, Doyle SM. Hsp90 and Hsp70 chaperones: Collaborators in protein remodeling. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2109-2120. [PMID: 30401745 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev118.002806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins 90 (Hsp90) and 70 (Hsp70) are two families of highly conserved ATP-dependent molecular chaperones that fold and remodel proteins. Both are important components of the cellular machinery involved in protein homeostasis and participate in nearly every cellular process. Although Hsp90 and Hsp70 each carry out some chaperone activities independently, they collaborate in other cellular remodeling reactions. In eukaryotes, both Hsp90 and Hsp70 function with numerous Hsp90 and Hsp70 co-chaperones. In contrast, bacterial Hsp90 and Hsp70 are less complex; Hsp90 acts independently of co-chaperones, and Hsp70 uses two co-chaperones. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding the basic mechanisms of Hsp90-mediated protein remodeling and the collaboration between Hsp90 and Hsp70, with an emphasis on bacterial chaperones. We describe the structure and conformational dynamics of these chaperones and their interactions with each other and with client proteins. The physiological roles of Hsp90 in Escherichia coli and other bacteria are also discussed. We anticipate that the information gained from exploring the mechanism of the bacterial chaperone system will provide the groundwork for understanding the more complex eukaryotic Hsp90 system and its modulation by Hsp90 co-chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Genest
- From the Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, 13402 Marseille, France and
| | - Sue Wickner
- the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Shannon M Doyle
- the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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97
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Abstract
The 90-kDa heat shock protein (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that maintains the proper folding of its client proteins including protein kinases and steroid hormone receptors. Helicases are a group of nucleic acid-binding ATPases that can unwind DNA and/or RNA and function in almost every aspect of nucleic acid metabolism. Not much, however, is known about the interactions between HSP90 and helicase proteins. Herein, we developed a parallel-reaction monitoring (PRM)-based targeted proteomic method that allows for quantifying >80% of the human helicase proteome. By employing this method, we demonstrated that a large number of helicase proteins exhibited diminished expression in cultured human cells upon treatment with two small-molecule inhibitors of HSP90. We further introduced a tandem affinity tag to the C-terminus of endogenous HSP90β protein by using the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing method. Affinity purification followed by LC-PRM analysis revealed an enrichment of 40 out of the 66 quantified helicases from the lysate of cells expressing tagged HSP90β. Together, we developed a high-throughput targeted proteomic method for assessing quantitatively the human helicase proteome, and our results support that helicases may constitute an important group of client proteins for HSP90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Miao
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521-0403 , United States
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521-0403 , United States
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Riverside , Riverside , California 92521-0403 , United States
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98
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Abstract
In this Opinion article, we aim to address how cells adapt to stress and the repercussions chronic stress has on cellular function. We consider acute and chronic stress-induced changes at the cellular level, with a focus on a regulator of cellular stress, the chaperome, which is a protein assembly that encompasses molecular chaperones, co-chaperones and other co-factors. We discuss how the chaperome takes on distinct functions under conditions of stress that are executed in ways that differ from the one-on-one cyclic, dynamic functions exhibited by distinct molecular chaperones. We argue that through the formation of multimeric stable chaperome complexes, a state of chaperome hyperconnectivity, or networking, is gained. The role of these chaperome networks is to act as multimolecular scaffolds, a particularly important function in cancer, where they increase the efficacy and functional diversity of several cellular processes. We predict that these concepts will change how we develop and implement drugs targeting the chaperome to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhasini Joshi
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tai Wang
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thaís L S Araujo
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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99
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Jorge SE, Lucena-Araujo AR, Yasuda H, Piotrowska Z, Oxnard GR, Rangachari D, Huberman MS, Sequist LV, Kobayashi SS, Costa DB. EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations Display Sensitivity to Hsp90 Inhibition in Preclinical Models and Lung Adenocarcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6548-6555. [PMID: 30154228 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE EGFR exon 20 insertions account for up to 10% of all EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinomas, representing the third most common cluster of mutations. The management of advanced cancers with these mutations remains elusive, without an approved inhibitor. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Preclinical models of a representative set of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations to evaluate the efficacy of different inhibitors and description of the clinical outcome of an advanced lung cancer. RESULTS We show that select first-, second-, and third-generation EGFR inhibitors are unable to deter common EGFR exon 20 insertion mutants in concentrations that spare the wild-type kinase. Nonetheless, EGFR exon 20 insertion mutants associate with the Hsp90 chaperone system. We exploit this vulnerability to show that the nongeldanamycin Hsp90 inhibitor luminespib (formerly AUY922) degrades EGFR exon 20 mutations, downstream targets, and induces apoptosis. In addition, a patient whose EGFR inhibitor-insensitive lung adenocarcinoma harbored an EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation had a confirmed radiographic response to luminespib. CONCLUSIONS The report confirms that EGFR exon 20 mutations are dependent on Hsp90 and are readily inhibited by the Hsp90 inhibitor luminespib; a treatment strategy that has been pursued in a confirmatory clinical trial (NCT01854034) for this group of lung adenocarcinomas that currently represent an unmet clinical need in precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Jorge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Antonio R Lucena-Araujo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroyuki Yasuda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zofia Piotrowska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey R Oxnard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deepa Rangachari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark S Huberman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lecia V Sequist
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susumu S Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daniel B Costa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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100
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Bastola P, Oien DB, Cooley M, Chien J. Emerging Cancer Therapeutic Targets in Protein Homeostasis. AAPS JOURNAL 2018; 20:94. [PMID: 30151644 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genomic aberrations inside malignant cells through copy number alterations, aneuploidy, and mutations can exacerbate misfolded and unfolded protein burden resulting in increased proteotoxic stress. Increased proteotoxic stress can be deleterious to malignant cells; therefore, these cells rely heavily on the protein quality control mechanisms for survival and proliferation. Components of the protein quality control, such as the unfolded protein response, heat shock proteins, autophagy, and the ubiquitin proteasome system, orchestrate a cascade of downstream events that allow the mitigation of the proteotoxic stress. This dependency makes components of the protein quality control mechanisms attractive targets in cancer therapeutics. In this review, we explore the components of the protein homeostasis especially focusing on the emerging cancer therapeutic agents/targets that are being actively pursued actively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Bastola
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 915 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66130, USA
| | - Derek B Oien
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 915 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Megan Cooley
- Methods Development, Small Molecules, PRA Health Sciences, Lenexa, KS, 66215, USA
| | - Jeremy Chien
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 915 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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