51
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Riccardi C, Perrone L, Napolitano F, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Understanding the Biological Activities of Vitamin D in Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Design. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2965. [PMID: 33066259 PMCID: PMC7602022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone playing a pivotal role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis as well as in bone health. Vitamin D levels are not exclusively dependent on food intake. Indeed, the endogenous production-occurring in the skin and dependent on sun exposure-contributes to the majority amount of vitamin D present in the body. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are ubiquitous and drive the expression of hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D has tremendously grown and its role in different diseases has been extensively studied. Several investigations indicated that vitamin D action extends far beyond bone health and calcium metabolism, showing broad effects on a variety of critical illnesses, including cancer, infections, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological studies indicated that low circulating vitamin D levels inversely correlate with cutaneous manifestations and bone abnormalities, clinical hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant tumour predisposition syndrome causing significant pain and morbidity, for which limited treatment options are available. In this context, vitamin D or its analogues have been used to treat both skin and bone lesions in NF1 patients, alone or combined with other therapeutic agents. Here we provide an overview of vitamin D, its characteristic nutritional properties relevant for health benefits and its role in NF1 disorder. We focus on preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrated the clinical correlation between vitamin D status and NF1 disease, thus providing important insights into disease pathogenesis and new opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, BioLife Building (015-00), 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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52
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Dai C, Charlestin V, Wang M, Walker ZT, Miranda-Vergara MC, Facchine BA, Wu J, Kaliney WJ, Dovichi NJ, Li J, Littlepage LE. Aquaporin-7 Regulates the Response to Cellular Stress in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4071-4086. [PMID: 32631905 PMCID: PMC7899076 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The complex yet interrelated connections between cancer metabolism, gene expression, and oncogenic driver genes have the potential to identify novel biomarkers and drug targets with prognostic and therapeutic value. Here we effectively integrated metabolomics and gene expression data from breast cancer mouse models through a novel unbiased correlation-based network analysis. This approach identified 35 metabolite and 34 gene hubs with the most network correlations. These hubs have prognostic value and are likely integral to tumor metabolism and breast cancer. The gene hub Aquaporin-7 (Aqp7), a water and glycerol channel, was identified as a novel regulator of breast cancer. AQP7 was prognostic of overall survival in patients with breast cancer. In mouse breast cancer models, reduced expression of Aqp7 caused reduced primary tumor burden and lung metastasis. Metabolomics and complex lipid profiling of cells and tumors with reduced Aqp7 revealed significantly altered lipid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and urea/arginine metabolism compared with controls. These data identify AQP7 as a critical regulator of metabolic and signaling responses to environmental cellular stresses in breast cancer, highlighting AQP7 as a potential cancer-specific therapeutic vulnerability. SIGNIFICANCE: Aquaporin-7 is identified as a critical regulator of nutrient availability and signaling that responds to cellular stresses, making it an attractive therapeutic target in breast cancer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/19/4071/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Verodia Charlestin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Zachary T Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Maria Cristina Miranda-Vergara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Beth A Facchine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Junmin Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | | | - Norman J Dovichi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Jun Li
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Laurie E Littlepage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana.
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, Indiana
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53
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Hontecillas-Prieto L, Flores-Campos R, Silver A, de Álava E, Hajji N, García-Domínguez DJ. Synergistic Enhancement of Cancer Therapy Using HDAC Inhibitors: Opportunity for Clinical Trials. Front Genet 2020; 11:578011. [PMID: 33024443 PMCID: PMC7516260 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.578011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the most established and effective treatments for almost all types of cancer. However, the elevated toxicity due to the non-tumor-associated effects, development of secondary malignancies, infertility, radiation-induced fibrosis and resistance to treatment limit the effectiveness and safety of treatment. In addition, these multiple factors significantly impact quality of life. Over the last decades, our increased understanding of cancer epigenetics has led to new therapeutic approaches and the promise of improved patient outcomes. Epigenetic alterations are commonly found in cancer, especially the increased expression and activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Dysregulation of HDACs are critical to the development and progression of the majority of tumors. Hence, HDACs inhibitors (HDACis) were developed and now represent a very promising treatment strategy. The use of HDACis as monotherapy has shown very positive pre-clinical results, but clinical trials have had only limited success. However, combinatorial regimens with other cancer drugs have shown synergistic effects both in pre-clinical and clinical studies. At the same time, these combinations have enhanced the efficacy, reduced the toxicity and tumor resistance to therapy. In this review, we will examine examples of HDACis used in combination with other cancer drugs and highlight the synergistic effects observed in recent preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Flores-Campos
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Andrew Silver
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique de Álava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain.,Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Nabil Hajji
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J García-Domínguez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
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54
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Wang X, Feng W, Peng C, Chen S, Ji H, Zhong H, Ge W, Zhang Y. Targeting RNA helicase DHX33 blocks Ras-driven lung tumorigenesis in vivo. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3564-3575. [PMID: 32767810 PMCID: PMC7540983 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras has been found to be mutated in 30% of non‐small cell lung cancers, and its mutation has been regarded as a causal factor underlying tumorigenesis. However, no successful medicine has been developed so far to inhibit Ras for lung cancer treatment. We have previously identified DHX33 as a Ras downstream effector, promoting cell cycle progression and cell growth. In this study, with the K‐Ras (G12D);DHX33 (lox/lox) mouse model, we discovered that genetic ablation of DHX33 inhibited tumor development. We further found that ablation of DHX33 altered the expression of nearly 2000 genes which are critical in cancer development such as cell cycle, apoptosis, glycolysis, Wnt signaling, and cell migration. Our study for the first time demonstrates the pivotal role of the DHX33 in Ras‐driven lung cancer development in vivo and highlights that pharmacological targeting DHX33 can be a feasible option in treating Ras‐mutant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingshun Wang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Weimin Feng
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shiyun Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China.,Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbing Zhong
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,KeYe Life Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
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55
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Yoshihara E. TXNIP/TBP-2: A Master Regulator for Glucose Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E765. [PMID: 32824669 PMCID: PMC7464905 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of thioredoxin binding protein-2 (TBP-2), which is currently known as thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), as an important binding partner for thioredoxin (TRX) revealed that an evolutionarily conserved reduction-oxidation (redox) signal complex plays an important role for pathophysiology. Due to the reducing activity of TRX, the TRX/TXNIP signal complex has been shown to be an important regulator for redox-related signal transduction in many types of cells in various species. In addition to its role in redox-dependent regulation, TXNIP has cellular functions that are performed in a redox-independent manner, which largely rely on their scaffolding function as an ancestral α-Arrestin family. Both the redox-dependent and -independent TXNIP functions serve as regulatory pathways in glucose metabolism. This review highlights the key advances in understanding TXNIP function as a master regulator for whole-body glucose homeostasis. The potential for therapeutic advantages of targeting TXNIP in diabetes and the future direction of the study are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yoshihara
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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56
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Yao J, Czaplinska D, Ialchina R, Schnipper J, Liu B, Sandelin A, Pedersen SF. Cancer Cell Acid Adaptation Gene Expression Response Is Correlated to Tumor-Specific Tissue Expression Profiles and Patient Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082183. [PMID: 32764426 PMCID: PMC7463722 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acidic pH of the tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in driving cancer development toward a more aggressive phenotype, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. To this end, phenotypic and genotypic changes induced by adaptation of cancer cells to chronic acidosis have been studied. However, the generality of acid adaptation patterns across cell models and their correlation to the molecular phenotypes and aggressiveness of human cancers are essentially unknown. Here, we define an acid adaptation expression response shared across three cancer cell models, dominated by metabolic rewiring, extracellular matrix remodeling, and altered cell cycle regulation and DNA damage response. We find that many genes which are upregulated by acid adaptation are significantly correlated to patient survival, and more generally, that there are clear correlations between acid adaptation expression response and gene expression change between normal and tumor tissues, for a large subset of cancer patients. Our data support the notion that tumor microenvironment acidity is one of the key factors driving the selection of aggressive cancer cells in human patient tumors, yet it also induces a growth-limiting genotype that likely limits cancer cell growth until the cells are released from acidosis, for instance during invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yao
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, DK2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominika Czaplinska
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (D.C.); (R.I.); (J.S.)
| | - Renata Ialchina
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (D.C.); (R.I.); (J.S.)
| | - Julie Schnipper
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (D.C.); (R.I.); (J.S.)
| | - Bin Liu
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Albin Sandelin
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, DK2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (S.F.P.)
| | - Stine Falsig Pedersen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (D.C.); (R.I.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (S.F.P.)
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57
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Guerra SL, Maertens O, Kuzmickas R, De Raedt T, Adeyemi RO, Guild CJ, Guillemette S, Redig AJ, Chambers ES, Xu M, Tiv H, Santagata S, Jänne PA, Elledge SJ, Cichowski K. A Deregulated HOX Gene Axis Confers an Epigenetic Vulnerability in KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancers. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:705-719.e6. [PMID: 32243838 PMCID: PMC10805385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
While KRAS mutations are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), effective treatments are lacking. Here, we report that half of KRAS-mutant NSCLCs aberrantly express the homeobox protein HOXC10, largely due to unappreciated defects in PRC2, which confers sensitivity to combined BET/MEK inhibitors in xenograft and PDX models. Efficacy of the combination is dependent on suppression of HOXC10 by BET inhibitors. We further show that HOXC10 regulates the expression of pre-replication complex (pre-RC) proteins in sensitive tumors. Accordingly, BET/MEK inhibitors suppress pre-RC proteins in cycling cells, triggering stalled replication, DNA damage, and death. These studies reveal a promising therapeutic strategy for KRAS-mutant NSCLCs, identify a predictive biomarker of response, and define a subset of NSCLCs with a targetable epigenetic vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Guerra
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ophélia Maertens
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Kuzmickas
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard O Adeyemi
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Caroline J Guild
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shawna Guillemette
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda J Redig
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emily S Chambers
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Man Xu
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hong Tiv
- Experimental Therapeutic Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Departments of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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58
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Williams KB, Largaespada DA. New Model Systems and the Development of Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E477. [PMID: 32353955 PMCID: PMC7290716 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder and cancer predisposition syndrome (1:3000 births) caused by mutations in the tumor suppressor gene NF1. NF1 encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of the Ras signaling pathway. Individuals with NF1 often develop benign tumors of the peripheral nervous system (neurofibromas), originating from the Schwann cell linage, some of which progress further to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). Treatment options for neurofibromas and MPNSTs are extremely limited, relying largely on surgical resection and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Identification of novel therapeutic targets in both benign neurofibromas and MPNSTs is critical for improved patient outcomes and quality of life. Recent clinical trials conducted in patients with NF1 for the treatment of symptomatic plexiform neurofibromas using inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) have shown very promising results. However, MEK inhibitors do not work in all patients and have significant side effects. In addition, preliminary evidence suggests single agent use of MEK inhibitors for MPNST treatment will fail. Here, we describe the preclinical efforts that led to the identification of MEK inhibitors as promising therapeutics for the treatment of NF1-related neoplasia and possible reasons they lack single agent efficacy in the treatment of MPNSTs. In addition, we describe work to find targets other than MEK for treatment of MPNST. These have come from studies of RAS biochemistry, in vitro drug screening, forward genetic screens for Schwann cell tumors, and synthetic lethal screens in cells with oncogenic RAS gene mutations. Lastly, we discuss new approaches to exploit drug screening and synthetic lethality with NF1 loss of function mutations in human Schwann cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B. Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David A. Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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59
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Li Y, Liang M, Zhang Y, Yuan B, Gao W, Shi Z, Bai J. miR-93, miR-373, and miR-17-5p Negatively Regulate the Expression of TBP2 in Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:526. [PMID: 32426273 PMCID: PMC7212423 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, several miRNAs have been revealed to play critical roles in oncogenesis and tumor progression of many cancers. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) binding protein-2 (TBP-2) is an internal inhibitor of Trx-1, which plays the role in regulating oxidative stress, inhibiting cell growth, and promoting apoptosis. The expression of TBP-2 is usually decreased in cancer tissues. However, whether the miRNAs regulate the TBP-2 expression in lung cancer is still unclear. In this study, we examined the levels of TBP-2, miR-93, miR-373, and miR-17-5p in lung cancer tissues and their adjacent normal lung tissues of 36 patients. We found that the expressions of miR-93, miR-373, and miR-17-5p were higher, whereas the expression of TBP-2 mRNA and protein was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues. After the three miRNA mimics were transfected in the lung cancer cells, NCI-H460, the level of TBP-2 mRNA and TBP-2 protein was decreased. Then, the anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil was used to stimulate the NCI-H460 cells; the mRNA levels of miR-93, miR-373, and miR-17-5p were decreased, and the level of TBP-2 mRNA and protein was increased. Collectively, the above results suggest that miR-93, miR-373, and miR-17-5p negatively regulate the TBP-2 expression in lung cancer. This study may provide therapeutic targets with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Min Liang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bing Yuan
- First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Wenchao Gao
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhizhou Shi
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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60
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Zhang JD, Sach-Peltason L, Kramer C, Wang K, Ebeling M. Multiscale modelling of drug mechanism and safety. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:519-534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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61
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Banerjee J, Allaway RJ, Taroni JN, Baker A, Zhang X, Moon CI, Pratilas CA, Blakeley JO, Guinney J, Hirbe A, Greene CS, Gosline SJC. Integrative Analysis Identifies Candidate Tumor Microenvironment and Intracellular Signaling Pathways that Define Tumor Heterogeneity in NF1. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E226. [PMID: 32098059 PMCID: PMC7073563 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a monogenic syndrome that gives rise to numerous symptoms including cognitive impairment, skeletal abnormalities, and growth of benign nerve sheath tumors. Nearly all NF1 patients develop cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs), which occur on the skin surface, whereas 40-60% of patients develop plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs), which are deeply embedded in the peripheral nerves. Patients with pNFs have a ~10% lifetime chance of these tumors becoming malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). These tumors have a severe prognosis and few treatment options other than surgery. Given the lack of therapeutic options available to patients with these tumors, identification of druggable pathways or other key molecular features could aid ongoing therapeutic discovery studies. In this work, we used statistical and machine learning methods to analyze 77 NF1 tumors with genomic data to characterize key signaling pathways that distinguish these tumors and identify candidates for drug development. We identified subsets of latent gene expression variables that may be important in the identification and etiology of cNFs, pNFs, other neurofibromas, and MPNSTs. Furthermore, we characterized the association between these latent variables and genetic variants, immune deconvolution predictions, and protein activity predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jineta Banerjee
- Computational Oncology, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Robert J Allaway
- Computational Oncology, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Jaclyn N Taroni
- Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Aaron Baker
- Computational Oncology, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chang In Moon
- Division of Oncology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christine A Pratilas
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Neurology, Neurosurgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Justin Guinney
- Computational Oncology, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Angela Hirbe
- Division of Oncology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Casey S Greene
- Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sara JC Gosline
- Computational Oncology, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
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mTOR-Mediated Antioxidant Activation in Solid Tumor Radioresistance. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:5956867. [PMID: 31929797 PMCID: PMC6942807 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5956867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used for the treatment of cancer patients, but tumor radioresistance presents serious therapy challenges. Tumor radioresistance is closely related to high levels of mTOR signaling in tumor tissues. Therefore, targeting the mTOR pathway might be a strategy to promote solid tumor sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Radioresistance is associated with enhanced antioxidant mechanisms in cancer cells. Therefore, examination of the relationship between mTOR signaling and antioxidant mechanism-linked radioresistance is required for effective radiotherapy. In particular, the effect of mTOR signaling on antioxidant glutathione induction by the Keap1-NRF2-xCT pathway is described in this review. This review is expected to assist in the identification of therapeutic adjuvants to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy.
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63
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Wu HZ, Xiao JQ, Xiao SS, Cheng Y. KRAS: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Cancer Treatment. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2081-2097. [PMID: 31486755 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190905164144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is the most commonly mutated oncogene in human cancer. The developments of many cancers depend on sustained expression and signaling of KRAS, which makes KRAS a high-priority therapeutic target. Scientists have not successfully developed drugs that target KRAS, although efforts have been made last three decades. In this review, we highlight the emerging experimental strategies of impairing KRAS membrane localization and the direct targeting of KRAS. We also conclude the combinatorial therapies and RNA interference technology for the treatment of KRAS mutant cancers. Moreover, the virtual screening approach to discover novel KRAS inhibitors and synthetic lethality interactors of KRAS are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhou Wu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jia-Qi Xiao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Song-Shu Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
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64
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Morel D, Jeffery D, Aspeslagh S, Almouzni G, Postel-Vinay S. Combining epigenetic drugs with other therapies for solid tumours - past lessons and future promise. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019; 17:91-107. [PMID: 31570827 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation has long been recognized as a key factor contributing to tumorigenesis and tumour maintenance that can influence all of the recognized hallmarks of cancer. Despite regulatory approvals for the treatment of certain haematological malignancies, the efficacy of the first generation of epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) in patients with solid tumours has been disappointing; however, successes have now been achieved in selected solid tumour subtypes, thanks to the development of novel compounds and a better understanding of cancer biology that have enabled precision medicine approaches. Several lines of evidence support that, beyond their potential as monotherapies, epigenetic drugs could have important roles in synergy with other anticancer therapies or in reversing acquired therapy resistance. Herein, we review the mechanisms by which epi-drugs can modulate the sensitivity of cancer cells to other forms of anticancer therapy, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy. We provide a critical appraisal of the preclinical rationale, completed clinical studies and ongoing clinical trials relating to combination therapies incorporating epi-drugs. Finally, we propose and discuss rational clinical trial designs and drug development strategies, considering key factors including patient selection, tumour biomarker evaluation, drug scheduling and response assessment and study end points, with the aim of optimizing the development of such combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Morel
- ATIP-Avenir Group, UMR981, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Jeffery
- Nuclear Dynamics Unit - UMR3664, National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Geneviève Almouzni
- Nuclear Dynamics Unit - UMR3664, National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
| | - Sophie Postel-Vinay
- ATIP-Avenir Group, UMR981, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
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65
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Gimple RC, Wang X. RAS: Striking at the Core of the Oncogenic Circuitry. Front Oncol 2019; 9:965. [PMID: 31681559 PMCID: PMC6798062 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease process that touches the lives of millions worldwide. Despite advances in our understanding of the genomic architecture of cancers and the mechanisms that underlie cancer development, a great therapeutic challenge remains. Here, we revisit the birthplace of cancer biology and review how one of the first discovered oncogenes, RAS, drives cancers in new and unexpected ways. As our understanding of oncogenic signaling has evolved, it is clear that RAS signaling is not homogenous, but activates distinct downstream effectors in different cancer types and grades. RAS signaling is tightly controlled through a series of post-transcriptional mechanisms, which are frequently distorted in the context of cancer, and establish key metabolic and immunologic states that support cancer growth, migration, survival, metastasis, and plasticity. While targeting RAS has been fiercely pursued for decades, new strategies have recently emerged with the potential for therapeutic efficacy. Thus, understanding the complexities of RAS biology may translate into improved therapies for patients with RAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Gimple
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Pathology, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiuxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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66
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Abdel-Aziz AK, Pallavicini I, Ceccacci E, Meroni G, Saadeldin MK, Varasi M, Minucci S. Tuning mTORC1 activity dictates the response of acute myeloid leukemia to LSD1 inhibition. Haematologica 2019; 105:2105-2117. [PMID: 31537694 PMCID: PMC7395280 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.224501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) has been shown to be critical in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis and this has led to the development of LSD1 inhibitors (LSD1i) which are currently tested in clinical trials. Nonetheless, preclinical studies reported that AML cells frequently exhibit intrinsic resistance to LSD1 inhibition, and the molecular basis for this phenomenon is largely unknown. We explored the potential involvement of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in mediating the resistance of leukemic cells to LSD1i. Strikingly, unlike sensitive leukemias, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling was robustly triggered in resistant leukemias following LSD1 inhibition. Transcriptomic, chromatin immunoprecipitation and functional studies revealed that insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)/extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK1/2) signaling critically controls LSD1i induced mTORC1 activation. Notably, inhibiting mTOR unlocked the resistance of AML cell lines and primary patient-derived blasts to LSD1i both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, mTOR activation might act as a novel pro-survival mechanism of intrinsic as well as acquired resistance to LSD1i, and combination regimens co-targeting LSD1/mTOR could represent a rational approach in AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Isabella Pallavicini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Meroni
- Experimental Therapeutics IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Mona Kamal Saadeldin
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6 October City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mario Varasi
- Experimental Therapeutics IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy .,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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67
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Non-cytotoxic systemic treatment in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST): A systematic review from bench to bedside. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 138:223-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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68
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Fisher MJ, Belzberg AJ, de Blank P, De Raedt T, Elefteriou F, Ferner RE, Giovannini M, Harris GJ, Kalamarides M, Karajannis MA, Kim A, Lázaro C, Le LQ, Li W, Listernick R, Martin S, Morrison H, Pasmant E, Ratner N, Schorry E, Ullrich NJ, Viskochil D, Weiss B, Widemann BC, Zhu Y, Bakker A, Serra E. 2016 Children's Tumor Foundation conference on neurofibromatosis type 1, neurofibromatosis type 2, and schwannomatosis. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 176:1258-1269. [PMID: 29681099 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Organized and hosted by the Children's Tumor Foundation (CTF), the Neurofibromatosis (NF) conference is the premier annual gathering for clinicians and researchers interested in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis (SWN). The 2016 edition constituted a blend of clinical and basic aspects of NF research that helped in clarifying different advances in the field. The incorporation of next generation sequencing is changing the way genetic diagnostics is performed for NF and related disorders, providing solutions to problems like genetic heterogeneity, overlapping clinical manifestations, or the presence of mosaicism. The transformation from plexiform neurofibroma (PNF) to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is being clarified, along with new management and treatments for benign and premalignant tumors. Promising new cellular and in vivo models for understanding the musculoskeletal abnormalities in NF1, the development of NF2 or SWN associated schwannomas, and clarifying the cells that give rise to NF1-associated optic pathway glioma were presented. The interaction of neurofibromin and SPRED1 was described comprehensively, providing functional insight that will help in the interpretation of pathogenicity of certain missense variants identified in NF1 and Legius syndrome patients. Novel promising imaging techniques are being developed, as well as new integrative and holistic management models for patients that take into account psychological, social, and biological factors. Importantly, new therapeutic approaches for schwannomas, meningiomas, ependymomas, PNF, and MPNST are being pursued. This report highlights the major advances that were presented at the 2016 CTF NF conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Fisher
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allan J Belzberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter de Blank
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Florent Elefteriou
- Center for Skeletal Medicine and Biology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rosalie E Ferner
- Neurofibromatosis Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Giovannini
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gordon J Harris
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michel Kalamarides
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Pitie-Salpetriere, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Matthias A Karajannis
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - AeRang Kim
- Division of Oncology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL-CIBERONC), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lu Q Le
- Department of Dermatology and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert Listernick
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Staci Martin
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Eric Pasmant
- EA7331 and Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Pharmacy of Paris, France
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Elisabeth Schorry
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nicole J Ullrich
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Viskochil
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brian Weiss
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yuan Zhu
- The Gilbert Family Neurofibromatosis Institute, Centers for Cancer and Immunology Research and Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - Eduard Serra
- Hereditary Cancer Group, The Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)-PMPPC, Barcelona, Spain
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69
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Hinohara K, Polyak K. Intratumoral Heterogeneity: More Than Just Mutations. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:569-579. [PMID: 30987806 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Most human tumors are composed of genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous cancer cell populations, which poses a major challenge for the clinical management of cancer patients. Advances of single-cell technologies have allowed the profiling of tumors at unprecedented depth, which, in combination with newly developed computational tools, enable the dissection of tumor evolution with increasing precision. However, our understanding of mechanisms that regulate intratumoral heterogeneity and our ability to modulate it has been lagging behind. Recent data demonstrate that epigenetic regulators, including histone demethylases, may control the cell-to-cell variability of transcriptomes and chromatin profiles and they may modulate therapeutic responses via this function. Thus, the therapeutic targeting of epigenetic enzymes may be used to decrease intratumoral cellular heterogeneity and treatment resistance, when used in combination with other types of agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiko Hinohara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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70
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Liang X, Deng M, Zhang C, Ping F, Wang H, Wang Y, Fan Z, Ren X, Tao X, Wu T, Xu J, Cheng B, Xia J. Combined class I histone deacetylase and mTORC1/C2 inhibition suppresses the initiation and recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinomas by repressing SOX2. Cancer Lett 2019; 454:108-119. [PMID: 30981761 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a challenge because of the lack of effective early treatment strategies and high incidence of relapse. Here, we showed that combined 4SC-202 (a novel selective class I HDAC inhibitor) and INK128 (a selective mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) treatment exhibited synergistic effects on inhibiting cell growth, sphere-forming ability, subcutaneous tumor formation and ALDH1+ cancer stem cells (CSCs) in OSCC. The initiation of OSCC was significantly inhibited by combined treatment in 4NQO-induced rat model. In addition, upregulated SOX2 was associated with advanced and metastatic tumors in OSCC patients and was responsible for the drug-resistance property of OSCC cells. The inhibitory effect of combined treatment on cell viability and ALDH1+ CSCs were attenuated by SOX2 verexpression. Furthermore, combined treatment can effectively overcome chemoresistance and inhibit the growth of recurrent OSCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, 4SC-202 and INK128 repressed SOX2 expression through miR-429/miR-1181-mediated mRNA degradation and preventing cap-dependent mRNA translation, respectively. These results suggest that combined class I histone deacetylase and mTORC1/C2 inhibition suppresses the carcinogenesis and recurrence of OSCC by repressing SOX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Liang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Miao Deng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fan Ping
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaona Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xianyue Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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71
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Manzotti G, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. Inhibition of BET Proteins and Histone Deacetylase (HDACs): Crossing Roads in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030304. [PMID: 30841549 PMCID: PMC6468908 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone DeACetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and other proteins, regulating the expression of target genes. Pharmacological inhibition of these enzymes re-shapes chromatin acetylation status, confusing boundaries between transcriptionally active and quiescent chromatin. This results in reinducing expression of silent genes while repressing highly transcribed genes. Bromodomain and Extraterminal domain (BET) proteins are readers of acetylated chromatin status and accumulate on transcriptionally active regulatory elements where they serve as scaffold for the building of transcription-promoting complexes. The expression of many well-known oncogenes relies on BET proteins function, indicating BET inhibition as a strategy to counteract their activity. BETi and HDACi share many common targets and affect similar cellular processes to the point that combined inhibition of both these classes of proteins is regarded as a strategy to improve the effectiveness of these drugs in cancer. In this work, we aim to discuss the molecular basis of the interplay between HDAC and BET proteins, pointing at chromatin acetylation as a crucial node of their functional interaction. We will also describe the state of the art of their dual inhibition in cancer therapy. Finally, starting from their mechanism of action we will provide a speculative perspective on how these drugs may be employed in combination with standard therapies to improve effectiveness and/or overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Manzotti
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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72
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Guerra S, Cichowski K. Targeting Cancer at the Intersection of Signaling and Epigenetics. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030617-050400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
While mutations resulting in the chronic activation of signaling pathways drive human cancer, the epigenetic state of a cell ultimately dictates the biological response to any given oncogenic signal. Moreover, large-scale genomic sequencing efforts have now identified a plethora of mutations in chromatin regulatory genes in human tumors, which can amplify, modify, or complement traditional oncogenic events. Nevertheless, the co-occurrence of oncogenic and epigenetic defects appears to create novel therapeutic vulnerabilities, which can be targeted by specific drug combinations. Here we discuss general mechanisms by which oncogenic and epigenetic alterations cooperate in human cancer and synthesize the field's early efforts in developing promising therapeutic combinations. Collectively, these studies reveal common themes underlying potential chemical synthetic lethal interactions and support both the expansion and refinement of this type of therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Guerra
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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73
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Chen Y, Yuan X, Zhang W, Tang M, Zheng L, Wang F, Yan W, Yang S, Wei Y, He J, Chen L. Discovery of Novel Dual Histone Deacetylase and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Target Inhibitors as a Promising Strategy for Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2019; 62:1577-1592. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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74
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Ganguly D, Sims M, Cai C, Fan M, Pfeffer LM. Chromatin Remodeling Factor BRG1 Regulates Stemness and Chemosensitivity of Glioma Initiating Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1804-1815. [PMID: 30171737 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor that is refractory to existing therapeutic regimens, which reflects the presence of stem-like cells, termed glioma-initiating cells (GICs). The complex interactions between different signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation of key genes may be critical in the maintaining GICs in their stem-like state. Although several signaling pathways have been identified as being dysregulated in GBM, the prognosis of GBM patients remains miserable despite improvements in targeted therapies. In this report, we identified that BRG1, the catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, plays a fundamental role in maintaining GICs in their stem-like state. In addition, we identified a novel mechanism by which BRG1 regulates glycolysis genes critical for GICs. BRG1 downregulates the expression of TXNIP, a negative regulator of glycolysis. BRG1 knockdown also triggered the STAT3 pathway, which led to TXNIP activation. We further identified that TXNIP is an STAT3-regulated gene. Moreover, BRG1 suppressed the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which are negatively regulated by STAT3 and regulate tumorigenesis. We further demonstrate that BRG1 plays a critical role in the drug resistance of GICs and in GIC-induced tumorigenesis. By genetic and pharmacological means, we found that inhibiting BRG1 can sensitize GICs to chemotherapeutic drugs, temozolomide and carmustine. Our studies suggest that BRG1 may be a novel therapeutic target in GBM. The identification of the critical role that BRG1 plays in GIC stemness and chemosensitivity will inform the development of better targeted therapies in GBM and possibly other cancers. Stem Cells 2018;36:1806-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Ganguly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michelle Sims
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Chun Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Meiyun Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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75
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Feingold PL, Surman DR, Brown K, Xu Y, McDuffie LA, Shukla V, Reardon ES, Crooks DR, Trepel JB, Lee S, Lee MJ, Gao S, Xi S, McLoughlin KC, Diggs LP, Beer DG, Nancarrow DJ, Neckers LM, Davis JL, Hoang CD, Hernandez JM, Schrump DS, Ripley RT. Induction of Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein by a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Entinostat, Is Associated with DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2013-2023. [PMID: 29934340 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2017, an estimated 17,000 individuals were diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), and less than 20% will survive 5 years. Positron emission tomography avidity is indicative of high glucose utilization and is nearly universal in EAC. TXNIP blocks glucose uptake and exhibits proapoptotic functions. Higher expression in EAC has been associated with improved disease-specific survival, lack of lymph node involvement, reduced perineural invasion, and increased tumor differentiation. We hypothesized that TXNIP may act as a tumor suppressor that sensitizes EAC cells to standard chemotherapeutics. EAC cell lines and a Barrett epithelial cell line were used. qRT-PCR, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence techniques evaluated gene expression. TXNIP was stably overexpressed or knocked down using lentiviral RNA transduction techniques. Murine xenograft methods examined growth following overexpression of TXNIP. Apoptosis and DNA damage were measured by annexin V and γH2AX assays. Activation of the intrinsic apoptosis was quantitated with green fluorescence protein-caspase 3 reporter assay. In cultured cells and an esophageal tissue array, TXNIP expression was higher in Barrett epithelia and normal tissue compared with EAC. Constitutive overexpression of TXNIP decreased proliferation, clonogenicity, and tumor xenograft growth. TXNIP overexpression increased, whereas knockdown abrogated, DNA damage and apoptosis following cisplatin treatment. An HDAC inhibitor, entinostat (currently in clinical trials), upregulated TXNIP and synergistically increased cisplatin-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis. TXNIP is a tumor suppressor that is downregulated in EACC. Its reexpression dramatically sensitizes these cells to cisplatin. Our findings support phase I/II evaluation of "priming" strategies to enhance the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutics in EAC. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(9); 2013-23. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Feingold
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Deborah R Surman
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kate Brown
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yuan Xu
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lucas A McDuffie
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vivek Shukla
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Emily S Reardon
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel R Crooks
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jane B Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shaojian Gao
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sichuan Xi
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kaitlin C McLoughlin
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laurence P Diggs
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David G Beer
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Derek J Nancarrow
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leonard M Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeremy L Davis
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chuong D Hoang
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jonathan M Hernandez
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - R Taylor Ripley
- Thoracic and Oncologic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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76
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominantly inherited tumor predisposition syndrome with an incidence of one in 3000-4000 individuals with no currently effective therapies. The NF1 gene encodes neurofibromin, which functions as a negative regulator of RAS. NF1 is a chronic multisystem disorder affecting many different tissues. Due to cell-specific complexities of RAS signaling, therapeutic approaches for NF1 will likely have to focus on a particular tissue and manifestation of the disease. Areas covered: We discuss the multisystem nature of NF1 and the signaling pathways affected due to neurofibromin deficiency. We explore the cell-/tissue-specific molecular and cellular consequences of aberrant RAS signaling in NF1 and speculate on their potential as therapeutic targets for the disease. We discuss recent genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies combined with molecular, cellular, and biochemical analyses which have identified several targets for specific NF1 manifestations. We also consider the possibility of patient-specific gene therapy approaches for NF1. Expert opinion: The emergence of NF1 genotype-phenotype correlations, characterization of cell-specific signaling pathways affected in NF1, identification of novel biomarkers, and the development of sophisticated animal models accurately reflecting human pathology will continue to provide opportunities to develop therapeutic approaches to combat this multisystem disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Walker
- a Center for Genomic Medicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Meena Upadhyaya
- b Division of Cancer and Genetics , Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
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77
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Wang L, Leite de Oliveira R, Huijberts S, Bosdriesz E, Pencheva N, Brunen D, Bosma A, Song JY, Zevenhoven J, Los-de Vries GT, Horlings H, Nuijen B, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH, Bernards R. An Acquired Vulnerability of Drug-Resistant Melanoma with Therapeutic Potential. Cell 2018; 173:1413-1425.e14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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78
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Leite de Oliveira R, Wang L, Bernards R. With great power comes great vulnerability. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1509488. [PMID: 30525088 PMCID: PMC6276853 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1509488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The clinical responses to targeted drugs are often transient and do not always translate into meaningful overall survival due to the development of resistance. We discuss here that the greater power of drug resistant cells can be associated with significant newly-acquired vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Leite de Oliveira
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis & Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liqin Wang
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis & Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rene Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis & Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- CONTACT Rene Bernards Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis & Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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79
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Maertens O, McCurrach ME, Braun BS, De Raedt T, Epstein I, Huang TQ, Lauchle JO, Lee H, Wu J, Cripe TP, Clapp DW, Ratner N, Shannon K, Cichowski K. A Collaborative Model for Accelerating the Discovery and Translation of Cancer Therapies. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5706-5711. [PMID: 28993414 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) have the potential to expedite the development of effective new therapies; however, they are not routinely integrated into drug development pipelines. GEMMs may be particularly valuable for investigating treatments for less common cancers, which frequently lack alternative faithful models. Here, we describe a multicenter cooperative group that has successfully leveraged the expertise and resources from philanthropic foundations, academia, and industry to advance therapeutic discovery and translation using GEMMs as a preclinical platform. This effort, known as the Neurofibromatosis Preclinical Consortium (NFPC), was established to accelerate new treatments for tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). At its inception, there were no effective treatments for NF1 and few promising approaches on the horizon. Since 2008, participating laboratories have conducted 95 preclinical trials of 38 drugs or combinations through collaborations with 18 pharmaceutical companies. Importantly, these studies have identified 13 therapeutic targets, which have inspired 16 clinical trials. This review outlines the opportunities and challenges of building this type of consortium and highlights how it can accelerate clinical translation. We believe that this strategy of foundation-academic-industry partnering is generally applicable to many diseases and has the potential to markedly improve the success of therapeutic development. Cancer Res; 77(21); 5706-11. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélia Maertens
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mila E McCurrach
- Children's Tumor Foundation, New York, New York.,NYU Langone Medical Center, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin S Braun
- Department of Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Inbal Epstein
- Department of Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Tannie Q Huang
- Department of Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer O Lauchle
- Department of Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Hyerim Lee
- Children's Tumor Foundation, New York, New York
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Timothy P Cripe
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Hematology & Oncology, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D Wade Clapp
- Herman Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kevin Shannon
- Department of Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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