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Kato N, Loh M, Takeuchi F, Verweij N, Wang X, Zhang W, Kelly TN, Saleheen D, Lehne B, Leach IM, Drong AW, Abbott J, Wahl S, Tan ST, Scott WR, Campanella G, Chadeau-Hyam M, Afzal U, Ahluwalia TS, Bonder MJ, Chen P, Dehghan A, Edwards TL, Esko T, Go MJ, Harris SE, Hartiala J, Kasela S, Kasturiratne A, Khor CC, Kleber ME, Li H, Yu Mok Z, Nakatochi M, Sapari NS, Saxena R, Stewart AFR, Stolk L, Tabara Y, Teh AL, Wu Y, Wu JY, Zhang Y, Aits I, Da Silva Couto Alves A, Das S, Dorajoo R, Hopewell JC, Kim YK, Koivula RW, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Nguyen QN, Pereira MA, Postmus I, Raitakari OT, Bryan MS, Scott RA, Sorice R, Tragante V, Traglia M, White J, Yamamoto K, Zhang Y, Adair LS, Ahmed A, Akiyama K, Asif R, Aung T, Barroso I, Bjonnes A, Braun TR, Cai H, Chang LC, Chen CH, Cheng CY, Chong YS, Collins R, Courtney R, Davies G, Delgado G, Do LD, Doevendans PA, Gansevoort RT, Gao YT, Grammer TB, Grarup N, Grewal J, Gu D, Wander GS, Hartikainen AL, Hazen SL, He J, Heng CK, Hixson JE, Hofman A, Hsu C, Huang W, Husemoen LLN, Hwang JY, Ichihara S, Igase M, Isono M, Justesen JM, Katsuya T, Kibriya MG, Kim YJ, Kishimoto M, Koh WP, Kohara K, Kumari M, Kwek K, Lee NR, Lee J, Liao J, Lieb W, Liewald DCM, Matsubara T, Matsushita Y, Meitinger T, Mihailov E, Milani L, Mills R, Mononen N, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nabika T, Nakashima E, Ng HK, Nikus K, Nutile T, Ohkubo T, Ohnaka K, Parish S, Paternoster L, Peng H, Peters A, Pham ST, Pinidiyapathirage MJ, Rahman M, Rakugi H, Rolandsson O, Ann Rozario M, Ruggiero D, Sala CF, Sarju R, Shimokawa K, Snieder H, Sparsø T, Spiering W, Starr JM, Stott DJ, Stram DO, Sugiyama T, Szymczak S, Tang WHW, Tong L, Trompet S, Turjanmaa V, Ueshima H, Uitterlinden AG, Umemura S, Vaarasmaki M, van Dam RM, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ, Viikari JS, Waldenberger M, Wang Y, Wang A, Wilson R, Wong TY, Xiang YB, Yamaguchi S, Ye X, Young RD, Young TL, Yuan JM, Zhou X, Asselbergs FW, Ciullo M, Clarke R, Deloukas P, Franke A, Franks PW, Franks S, Friedlander Y, Gross MD, Guo Z, Hansen T, Jarvelin MR, Jørgensen T, Jukema JW, kähönen M, Kajio H, Kivimaki M, Lee JY, Lehtimäki T, Linneberg A, Miki T, Pedersen O, Samani NJ, Sørensen TIA, Takayanagi R, Toniolo D, Ahsan H, Allayee H, Chen YT, Danesh J, Deary IJ, Franco OH, Franke L, Heijman BT, Holbrook JD, Isaacs A, Kim BJ, Lin X, Liu J, März W, Metspalu A, Mohlke KL, Sanghera DK, Shu XO, van Meurs JBJ, Vithana E, Wickremasinghe AR, Wijmenga C, Wolffenbuttel BHW, Yokota M, Zheng W, Zhu D, Vineis P, Kyrtopoulos SA, Kleinjans JCS, McCarthy MI, Soong R, Gieger C, Scott J, Teo YY, He J, Elliott P, Tai ES, van der Harst P, Kooner JS, Chambers JC. Trans-ancestry genome-wide association study identifies 12 genetic loci influencing blood pressure and implicates a role for DNA methylation. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1282-1293. [PMID: 26390057 PMCID: PMC4719169 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10(-11) to 5.0 × 10(-21)). The sentinel blood pressure SNPs are enriched for association with DNA methylation at multiple nearby CpG sites, suggesting that, at some of the loci identified, DNA methylation may lie on the regulatory pathway linking sequence variation to blood pressure. The sentinel SNPs at the 12 new loci point to genes involved in vascular smooth muscle (IGFBP3, KCNK3, PDE3A and PRDM6) and renal (ARHGAP24, OSR1, SLC22A7 and TBX2) function. The new and known genetic variants predict increased left ventricular mass, circulating levels of NT-proBNP, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (P = 0.04 to 8.6 × 10(-6)). Our results provide new evidence for the role of DNA methylation in blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marie Loh
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xu Wang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander W Drong
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Abbott
- Bioinformatics Support Service, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simone Wahl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sian-Tsung Tan
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Campanella
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Uzma Afzal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COSPAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Marc Jan Bonder
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peng Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Center for Human Genetics Research, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Min Jin Go
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jaana Hartiala
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Silva Kasela
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Medical Clinic V, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Huaixing Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuan Yu Mok
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nur Sabrina Sapari
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandre F R Stewart
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisette Stolk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ai Ling Teh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Imke Aits
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank popgen, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexessander Da Silva Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shikta Das
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jemma C Hopewell
- Clinical Trials Support Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yun Kyoung Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert W Koivula
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jian’an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Quang N Nguyen
- Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mark A Pereira
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Iris Postmus
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Molly Scannell Bryan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rossella Sorice
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Vinicius Tragante
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jon White
- University College London Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Environment and Evolution, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Koichi Akiyama
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rasheed Asif
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Inês Barroso
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Bjonnes
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy R Braun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke–National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rory Collins
- Clinical Trials Support Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Regina Courtney
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Medical Clinic V, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Loi D Do
- Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pieter A Doevendans
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Tanja B Grammer
- Medical Clinic V, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jagvir Grewal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Fu Wai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gurpreet S Wander
- Dayanand Medical College and Hospital Unit, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Ludhiana, India
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jing He
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - James E Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chris Hsu
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Chinese National Human Genomic Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lise L N Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Joo-Yeon Hwang
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johanne M Justesen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Duke–National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Katsuhiko Kohara
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Nanette R Lee
- University of San Carlos Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Jeannette Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Jiemin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank popgen, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsushita
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rebecca Mills
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Eitaro Nakashima
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Chubu Rosai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hong Kiat Ng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keizo Ohnaka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sarah Parish
- Clinical Trials Support Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Son T Pham
- Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Mahfuzar Rahman
- UChicago Research Bangladesh, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Research and Evaluation Division, Bangladesh Rehabilitation Assistance Committee (BRAC), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Family Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michelle Ann Rozario
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia F Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ralhan Sarju
- Dayanand Medical College and Hospital Unit, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Ludhiana, India
| | - Kazuro Shimokawa
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wilko Spiering
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Stott
- Academic Section of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel O Stram
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Takao Sugiyama
- Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Väinö Turjanmaa
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Satoshi Umemura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Marja Vaarasmaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wiek H van Gilst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jorma S Viikari
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rory Wilson
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhei Yamaguchi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Xingwang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Robin D Young
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Terri L Young
- Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders (NBD) Program, Duke–National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
- Duke Eye Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xueya Zhou
- Bioinformatics Division, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Informatics Science and Technology (TNLIST), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, TNLIST, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN)–Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trials Support Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Family Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steve Franks
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Myron D Gross
- School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zhirong Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN)–Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- ICIN, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mika kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hiroshi Kajio
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Ministry of Health and Welfare, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- THERAGEN ETEX Bio Institute, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tetsuro Miki
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ryoichi Takayanagi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Kyushu, Japan
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (CNR), Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Winfried März
- Medical Clinic V, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dharambir K Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eranga Vithana
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders (NBD) Program, Duke–National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bruce H W Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mitsuhiro Yokota
- Department of Genome Science, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dingliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Soterios A Kyrtopoulos
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richie Soong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yik-Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN)–Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Ealing Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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