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Leys L, Wang Y, Paulsboe S, Edelmayer R, Salte K, Wetter J, Namovic M, Phillips L, Dunstan R, Gauvin D, Donnelly-Roberts D, Su Z, Honore P, McGaraughty S. Characterization of psoriasiform dermatitis induced by systemic injection of interleukin-23 minicircles in mice. J Dermatol 2019; 46:482-497. [PMID: 31062408 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and is elevated in lesional psoriatic skin. Different murine models have been developed to mimic this pathophysiology each carrying specific merits and limitations. In an attempt to address some of these limitations, B10.RIII mice received a single hydrodynamic injection of IL-23 minicircles (MC) to induce hepatic transcription and the endogenous production of IL-23. Plasma and ear IL-23 levels were dose-dependently (0.3-3 μg) increased in MC injected mice and were sustained over the 14-day study duration. Beginning on day 7 post-injection, mice developed dose-related ear inflammation, histologically confirmed increases in epidermal and dermal area, as well as enhanced neutrophil and macrophage content. Flow cytometry demonstrated increased levels of granulocytes, T cells and monocytes/macrophages in the ear skin, with T cells identified as the main cellular source of IL-17A. Evaluation of mRNA and protein showed time-dependent, increased levels of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway and inflammatory/microbial cytokines/chemokines in the ear which differed kinetically from circulating levels. An anti-IL-23p40 antibody was assessed following both prophylactic administration and administration once the disease was established. Prophylactic dosing completely prevented the development of the ear phenotype across endpoints. Treatment administration showed a dose-related response, with a maximum inhibition of 64-94%, depending on endpoint. These data demonstrate that the IL-23 MC model is a useful approach to study IL-23/IL-17-driven skin inflammation and may facilitate preclinical assessment of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Leys
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yibing Wang
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Katie Salte
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joseph Wetter
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marian Namovic
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lucy Phillips
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, AbbVie Inc., Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Dunstan
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, AbbVie Inc., Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donna Gauvin
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Zhi Su
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Prisca Honore
- Dermatology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Shao S, Fang H, Dang E, Xue K, Zhang J, Li B, Qiao H, Cao T, Zhuang Y, Shen S, Zhang T, Qiao P, Li C, Gudjonsson JE, Wang G. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promote Inflammatory Responses in Psoriasis via Activating Epidermal TLR4/IL-36R Crosstalk. Front Immunol 2019; 10:746. [PMID: 31024570 PMCID: PMC6460719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal infiltration of neutrophils is a hallmark of psoriasis, where their activation leads to release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The contribution of NETs to psoriasis pathogenesis has been unclear, but here we demonstrate that NETs drive inflammatory responses in skin through activation of epidermal TLR4/IL-36R crosstalk. This activation is dependent upon NETs formation and integrity, as targeting NETs with DNase I or CI-amidine in vivo improves disease in the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mouse model, decreasing IL-17A, lipocalin2 (LCN2), and IL-36G expression. Proinflammatory activity of NETs, and LCN2 induction, is dependent upon activation of TLR4/IL-36R crosstalk and MyD88/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) down-stream signaling, but independent of TLR7 or TLR9. Notably, both TLR4 inhibition and LCN2 neutralization alleviate psoriasis-like inflammation and NETs formation in both the IMQ model and K14-VEGF transgenic mice. In summary, these results outline the mechanisms for the proinflammatory activity of NETs in skin and identify NETs/TLR4 as novel therapeutic targets in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjiang Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuchen Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengxian Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tongmei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caixia Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Wang Y, Edelmayer R, Wetter J, Salte K, Gauvin D, Leys L, Paulsboe S, Su Z, Weinberg I, Namovic M, Gauld SB, Honore P, Scott VE, McGaraughty S. Monocytes/Macrophages play a pathogenic role in IL-23 mediated psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5310. [PMID: 30926837 PMCID: PMC6441056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that affects millions worldwide. Studying immune cells involved in psoriasis pathogenesis is essential to identify effective and safe therapeutics for the disease. Using human psoriasis skin, activated macrophages were observed in both lesional and non-lesional skin, but were elevated in lesional skin. Activation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway is integral to the development of psoriasis. To further characterize the monocyte/macrophage (Mon/Mac) population when the IL-23 pathway is activated, a murine model of intradermal injection of IL-23 was used. Flow cytometry revealed that Mon/Mac cells were the dominant immune population, particularly late in the model, highlighted by strong presence of Ly6ChiMHC IIhi cells. The Mon/Mac cells were also shown to have high expression for TNFα but not IL-17A. Prophylactic dosing of a CSF-1R inhibitor to deplete Mon/Mac cells significantly reduced several inflammatory mediators from the skin tissue suggesting a pathogenic role for Mon/Mac. Treatment dosing of the inhibitor produced a less robust effect. Mon/Mac cells were also differentiated by levels of Ki67 and TNFα expression. These data point to an important contribution of Mon/Mac cells in IL-23 related skin inflammation and suggest that these cells are a significant player in the underlying pathophysiology of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Wang
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
| | - Rebecca Edelmayer
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Joe Wetter
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Katherine Salte
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Donna Gauvin
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Laura Leys
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Stephanie Paulsboe
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Zhi Su
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Isaac Weinberg
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Marian Namovic
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Stephen B Gauld
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Prisca Honore
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Victoria E Scott
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Steve McGaraughty
- Dermatology, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
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Zhang M, Liu F, Zhou P, Wang Q, Xu C, Li Y, Bian L, Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang F, Yao Y, Fang Y, Li D. The MTOR signaling pathway regulates macrophage differentiation from mouse myeloid progenitors by inhibiting autophagy. Autophagy 2019; 15:1150-1162. [PMID: 30724690 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1578040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanism for myeloid differentiation provides important insights into the hematopoietic developmental processes. By using an ESC-derived myeloid progenitor cell model, we found that CSF2/GM-CSF triggered macrophage differentiation and activation of the MTOR signaling pathway. Activation or inhibition of the MTOR signaling enhanced or attenuated macrophage differentiation, respectively, suggesting a critical function. We further showed that macroautophagy/autophagy was inhibited with the addition of CSF2. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition and genetic modification of autophagy enhanced macrophage differentiation and rescued the inhibitory effect on differentiation caused by MTOR inhibition. Thus, the MTOR signaling pathway regulates macrophage differentiation of myeloid progenitors by inhibiting autophagy. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms for myeloid differentiation and may prove useful for therapeutic applications of hematopoietic and myeloid progenitor cells. Abbreviations: 2-DG: 2-deoxy-D-glucose; ADGRE1/F4/80: adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1; BM: bone marrow; CQ: chloroquine; ECAR: extracellular acidification rate; ESC: embryonic stem cell; CSF2/GM-CSF: colony stimulating factor 2; CSF3/G-CSF: colony stimulating factor 3; HPC: hematopoietic progenitor cell; ITGAM/CD11b: integrin alpha M; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MFI: median fluorescence intensity; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; RPS6KB1/p70S6K1: ribosomal protein S6 kinase, polypeptide 1; shRNA: short hairpin RNA; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichao Zhang
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Furao Liu
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Pingting Zhou
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qian Wang
- b Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Ci Xu
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanyan Li
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Lei Bian
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuanhua Liu
- c Department of Chemotherapy , Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- d State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin , China
| | - Fei Wang
- e Department of Cell and Developmental Biology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , IL , USA
| | - Yuan Yao
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong Fang
- f Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Dong Li
- a Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Uttarkar S, Brembilla NC, Boehncke WH. Regulatory cells in the skin: Pathophysiologic role and potential targets for anti-inflammatory therapies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:1302-1310. [PMID: 30664891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a fundamental defense mechanism to protect the body from danger, which becomes potentially harmful if it turns chronic. Therapeutic strategies aimed at specifically blocking proinflammatory signals, particularly cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17A, or TNF-α, have substantially improved our ability to effectively and safely treat chronic inflammatory diseases. Much less effort has been made to better understand the role of potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Here we summarize the current understanding of regulatory cell populations in the context of chronic inflammation, namely macrophages, Langerhans cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T and B lymphocytes. Emphasis is given to the skin because many different immune-related diseases occur in the skin. Development, phenotype, function, and evidence for their role in animal models of inflammation, as well as in the corresponding human diseases, are described. Finally, the feasibility of using regulatory cells as targets for potentially disease-modifying therapeutic strategies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Uttarkar
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolf-Henning Boehncke
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Geneva University Hospitals and School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
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56
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Choudhary V, Uaratanawong R, Patel RR, Patel H, Bao W, Hartney B, Cohen E, Chen X, Zhong Q, Isales CM, Bollag WB. Phosphatidylglycerol Inhibits Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Inflammation by Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:868-877. [PMID: 30391260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common skin disorder characterized by hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and inflammation. We previously showed that phosphatidylglycerol (PG) can regulate keratinocyte function and suppress skin inflammation. Based on data suggesting that PG can inhibit toll-like receptor (TLR) activation induced by microorganisms and their components, we determined whether PG can inhibit TLR activation in response to antimicrobial peptides. These peptides, which are up-regulated in psoriasis, are known to function as danger-associated molecular patterns (i.e., DAMPs) to activate TLRs and the innate immune system. Because S100A9 is elevated in psoriatic skin and in animal models of psoriasis, we selected S100A9 as a representative antimicrobial peptide DAMP. We showed that in primary keratinocytes and a macrophage cell line, PG suppressed inflammatory mediator production induced by recombinant S100A9 functioning through both TLR2 and TLR4. In addition, PG, but not phosphatidylcholine, inhibited downstream S100A9-elicited TLR2 and NF-κB activation. These results, to our knowledge previously unreported, show PG's ability to inhibit DAMP-induced TLR activation, thereby reducing inflammatory signals. In addition, topical PG ameliorated skin lesions and inflammation in a mouse model of psoriasis. Together, these results suggest the possibility of developing PG as a therapy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Choudhary
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rawipan Uaratanawong
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA; Department of Medicine (Dermatology), Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ravi R Patel
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hirel Patel
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wendi Bao
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bernadette Hartney
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elyssa Cohen
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xunsheng Chen
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qing Zhong
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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Chimenti MS, Sunzini F, Fiorucci L, Botti E, Fonti GL, Conigliaro P, Triggianese P, Costa L, Caso F, Giunta A, Esposito M, Bianchi L, Santucci R, Perricone R. Potential Role of Cytochrome c and Tryptase in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Pathogenesis: Focus on Resistance to Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2363. [PMID: 30429845 PMCID: PMC6220124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (PsO) is an autoimmune disease characterized by keratinocyte proliferation, chronic inflammation and mast cell activation. Up to 42% of patients with PsO may present psoriatic arthritis (PsA). PsO and PsA share common pathophysiological mechanisms: keratinocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes are resistant to apoptosis: this is one of the mechanism facilitating their hyperplasic growth, and at joint level, the destruction of articular cartilage, and bone erosion and/or proliferation. Several clinical studies regarding diseases characterized by impairment of cell death, either due to apoptosis or necrosis, reported cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the extracellular space and finally into the circulation. The presence of elevated cytochrome c levels in serum has been demonstrated in diseases as inflammatory arthritis, myocardial infarction and stroke, and liver diseases. Cytochrome c is a signaling molecule essential for apoptotic cell death released from mitochondria to the cytosol allowing the interaction with protease, as the apoptosis protease activation factor, which lead to the activation of factor-1 and procaspase 9. It has been demonstrated that this efflux from the mitochondria is crucial to start the intracellular signaling responsible for apoptosis, then to the activation of the inflammatory process. Another inflammatory marker, the tryptase, a trypsin-like serine protease produced by mast cells, is released during inflammation, leading to the activation of several immune cells through proteinase-activated receptor-2. In this review, we aimed at discussing the role played by cytochrome c and tryptase in PsO and PsA pathogenesis. To this purpose, we searched pathogenetic mechanisms in PUBMED database and review on oxidative stress, cytochrome c and tryptase and their potential role during inflammation in PsO and PsA. To this regard, the cytochrome c release into the extracellular space and tryptase may have a role in skin and joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sole Chimenti
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Sunzini
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Fiorucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Lavinia Fonti
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Conigliaro
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Triggianese
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Costa
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Caso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria Esposito
- Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Perricone
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Tanita K, Fujimura T, Sato Y, Lyu C, Aiba S. Minocycline decreases Th2 chemokines from M2 macrophages: Possible mechanisms for the suppression of bullous pemphigoid by traditional bullous disease drugs. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1268-1272. [PMID: 30192415 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Minocycline/tetracycline is clinically used for the treatment of bullous pemphigoid (BP), and its clinical benefits are superior to those of prednisolone when considering adverse events. Although the clinical benefits of minocycline/tetracycline are well known, its immunosuppressive mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of traditional anti-BP drugs (minocycline, nicotinic acid amide, dexamethasone and cyclosporine) on CD163+ M2 macrophages in vitro, with special focus on the production of CCL18 and CCL22, both of which are produced by CD163+ M2 macrophages in the lesional skin of BP and are increased in the serum of BP patients. Minocycline decreased the production of CCL22, CCL24 and CCL26 as well as CCL2 from M2 macrophages. CCL18 from M2 macrophages was decreased by dexamethasone and cyclosporine, but not decreased by minocycline. These data suggest that the clinical benefit of minocycline is partially explained by its suppressive effects against the production of specific Th2 chemokines from M2 macrophages, which should contribute to the recruitment of Th2 cells and eosinophils in the lesional skin of BP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Tanita
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taku Fujimura
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yota Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chunbing Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Setsuya Aiba
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Behfar S, Hassanshahi G, Nazari A, Khorramdelazad H. A brief look at the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2) in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. Cytokine 2018; 110:226-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kodji X, Arkless KL, Kee Z, Cleary SJ, Aubdool AA, Evans E, Caton P, Pitchford SC, Brain SD. Sensory nerves mediate spontaneous behaviors in addition to inflammation in a murine model of psoriasis. FASEB J 2018; 33:1578-1594. [PMID: 30204499 PMCID: PMC6338626 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800395rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation, erythema, as well as a form of pruritus, involving cutaneous discomfort. There is evidence from both clinical and murine models of psoriasis that chemical or surgical depletion of small-diameter sensory nerves/nociceptors benefits the condition, but the mechanisms are unclear. Hence, we aimed to understand the involvement of sensory nerve mediators with a murine model of psoriasis and associated spontaneous behaviors, indicative of cutaneous discomfort. We have established an Aldara model of psoriasis in mice and chemically depleted the small-diameter nociceptors in a selective manner. The spontaneous behaviors, in addition to the erythema and skin pathology, were markedly improved. Attenuated inflammation was associated with reduced dermal macrophage influx and production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (peroxynitrite and protein nitrosylation). Subsequently, this directly influenced observed behavioral responses. However, the blockade of common sensory neurogenic mechanisms for transient receptor potential (TRP)V1, TRPA1, and neuropeptides (substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide) using genetic and pharmacological approaches inhibited the behaviors but not the inflammation. Thus, a critical role of the established sensory TRP-neuropeptide pathway in influencing cutaneous discomfort is revealed, indicating the therapeutic potential of agents that block that pathway. The ongoing inflammation is mediated by a distinct sensory pathway involving macrophage activation.-Kodji, X., Arkless, K. L., Kee, Z., Cleary, S. J., Aubdool, A. A., Evans, E., Caton, P., Pitchford, S. C., Brain, S. D. Sensory nerves mediate spontaneous behaviors in addition to inflammation in a murine model of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Kodji
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate L Arkless
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zizheng Kee
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Cleary
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aisah A Aubdool
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Evans
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Caton
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Pitchford
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan D Brain
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Chamcheu JC, Siddiqui IA, Adhami VM, Esnault S, Bharali DJ, Babatunde AS, Adame S, Massey RJ, Wood GS, Longley BJ, Mousa SA, Mukhtar H. Chitosan-based nanoformulated (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) modulates human keratinocyte-induced responses and alleviates imiquimod-induced murine psoriasiform dermatitis. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4189-4206. [PMID: 30057446 PMCID: PMC6059258 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s165966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic and currently incurable inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation, aberrant differentiation, and inflammation, leading to disrupted skin barrier function. The use of natural agents that can abrogate these effects could be useful for the treatment of psoriasis. Earlier studies have shown that treatment of keratinocytes and mouse skin with the green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) mitigated inflammation and increased the expression of caspase-14 while promoting epidermal differentiation and cornification. However, bioavailability issues have restricted the development of EGCG for the treatment of psoriasis. Materials and methods To overcome these limitations, we employed a chitosan-based polymeric nanoparticle formulation of EGCG (CHI-EGCG-NPs, hereafter termed nanoEGCG) suitable for topical delivery for treating psoriasis. We investigated and compared the efficacy of nanoEGCG versus native or free EGCG in vitro and in an in vivo imiquimod (IMQ)-induced murine psoriasis-like dermatitis model. The in vivo relevance and efficacy of nanoEGCG formulation (48 µg/mouse) were assessed in an IMQ-induced mouse psoriasis-like skin lesion model compared to free EGCG (1 mg/mouse). Results Like free EGCG, nanoEGCG treatment induced differentiation, and decreased proliferation and inflammatory responses in cultured keratinocytes, but with a 4-fold dose advantage. Topically applied nanoEGCG elicited a significant (p<0.01) amelioration of psoriasiform pathological markers in IMQ-induced mouse skin lesions, including reductions in ear and skin thickness, erythema and scales, proliferation (Ki-67), infiltratory immune cells (mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and CD4+ T cells), and angiogenesis (CD31). We also observed increases in the protein expression of caspase-14, early (keratin-10) and late (filaggrin and loricrin) markers of differentiation, and the activator protein-1 factor (JunB). Importantly, a significant modulation of several psoriasis-related inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was observed compared to the high dose of free EGCG (p<0.05). Taken together, topically applied nanoEGCG displayed a >20-fold dose advantage over free EGCG. Conclusion Based on these observations, our nanoEGCG formulation represents a promising drug-delivery strategy for treating psoriasis and possibly other inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA, .,School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA,
| | - Imtiaz A Siddiqui
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,
| | - Vaqar M Adhami
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,
| | - Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dhruba J Bharali
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Abiola S Babatunde
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA, .,Department of Hematology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Stephanie Adame
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,
| | - Randall J Massey
- Electron Microscope Facility, Medical School Research Support Programs, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gary S Wood
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,
| | - B Jack Longley
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA,
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Wani A, Ganai BA, Akhtar T, Narang T, Kaur R. Association of proinflammatory cytokine IL-20 gene polymorphism with psoriasis in north Indian population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Kim SN, Akindehin S, Kwon HJ, Son YH, Saha A, Jung YS, Seong JK, Lim KM, Sung JH, Maddipati KR, Lee YH. Anti-inflammatory role of 15-lipoxygenase contributes to the maintenance of skin integrity in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8856. [PMID: 29891910 PMCID: PMC5995961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
15-lipoxygenase is involved in the generation of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators that play essential roles in resolution and inflammatory responses. Here, we investigated anti-inflammatory role of Alox15 in skin homeostasis. We demonstrated that knockout (KO) of Alox15 led to hair loss and disrupted the structural integrity of the dorsal skin. Alox15 KO resulted in loss of hair follicle stem cells and abnormal transition of dermal adipocytes into fibroblasts. Alox15 deficiency increased infiltration of proinflammatory macrophages and upregulated proinflammatory and necroptotic signaling in dermal adipose tissue in the dorsal skin. Lipidomic analysis revealed severe loss of resolvin D2 in the dorsal skin of Alox15 KO mice compared to wild type controls. Treatment with resolvin D2 reduced skin inflammation in Alox15 KO mice. Collectively, these results indicate that Alox15-mediated production of resolvin D2 is required to maintain skin integrity by suppressing dermal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Seun Akindehin
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ho Son
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Abhirup Saha
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Je-Kyung Seong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hyuk Sung
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Lipidomics Core Facility and department of Pathology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea.
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Lin SH, Chuang HY, Ho JC, Lee CH, Hsiao CC. Treatment with TNF-α inhibitor rectifies M1 macrophage polarization from blood CD14+ monocytes in patients with psoriasis independent of STAT1 and IRF-1 activation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:276-284. [PMID: 29914850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease with dramatic responses to TNF-α inhibitors. TNF-α is mainly produced by macrophages. However, how macrophage polarization contributes to psoriasis remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of macrophage polarization in psoriasis. METHODS 8 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis (Male/Female: 4/4, average age: 47.9 years old) and 8 healthy controls (Male/Female: 4/4, average age: 49.3 years old) were recruited. Their peripheral CD14+ monocytes were isolated with magnetic beads and then were differentiated into macrophages. The differential macrophage polarization was compared among normal controls, psoriatic patients before and after TNF-α inhibitors. The U937 cells were used to investigate the mechanisms by which TNF-α altered the macrophage polarization. RESULTS The ratio of M1 to M2a macrophage polarization was higher in psoriatic patients comparing with that in controls. The decreasing M1/M2a ratio was parallel to decreasing PASI severity score after adalimumab treatment. Consistently, TNF-α blockage decreased M1/M2a ratio in U937 cells. The induction of STAT1 and IRF-1 in polarized U937 M1 cells was inhibited by TNF-α inhibitor. However, STAT1 and/or IRF-1 interference could not resume M1 polarization. In skin, the increased M1 and M2 infiltration in lesions returned to baseline after successful treatment with TNF-α inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Increased M1 polarization is associated with higher disease severity in psoriasis, resuming to baseline after successful treatment by TNF-α inhibitors. TNF-α blockage inhibits M1 polarization through STAT1- and IRF-1-independent pathways. Macrophage polarization may contribute to disease progression in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Hung Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ji-Chen Ho
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Chun Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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A Novel S100A8/A9 Induced Fingerprint of Mesenchymal Stem Cells associated with Enhanced Wound Healing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6205. [PMID: 29670130 PMCID: PMC5906602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We here investigated whether the unique capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to re-establish tissue homeostasis depends on their potential to sense danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and to mount an adaptive response in the interest of tissue repair. Unexpectedly, after injection of MSCs which had been pretreated with the calcium-binding DAMP protein S100A8/A9 into murine full-thickness wounds, we observed a significant acceleration of healing even exceeding that of non-treated MSCs. This correlates with a fundamental reprogramming of the transcriptome in S100A8/A9 treated MSCs as deduced from RNA-seq analysis and its validation. A network of genes involved in proteolysis, macrophage phagocytosis, and inflammation control profoundly contribute to the clean-up of the wound site. In parallel, miR582-5p and genes boosting energy and encoding specific extracellular matrix proteins are reminiscent of scar-reduced tissue repair. This unprecedented finding holds substantial promise to refine current MSC-based therapies for difficult-to-treat wounds and fibrotic conditions.
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Vogl T, Stratis A, Wixler V, Völler T, Thurainayagam S, Jorch SK, Zenker S, Dreiling A, Chakraborty D, Fröhling M, Paruzel P, Wehmeyer C, Hermann S, Papantonopoulou O, Geyer C, Loser K, Schäfers M, Ludwig S, Stoll M, Leanderson T, Schultze JL, König S, Pap T, Roth J. Autoinhibitory regulation of S100A8/S100A9 alarmin activity locally restricts sterile inflammation. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1852-1866. [PMID: 29611822 DOI: 10.1172/jci89867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis and arthritis, show a patchy distribution of inflammation despite systemic dysregulation of adaptive immunity. Thus, additional tissue-derived signals, such as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are indispensable for manifestation of local inflammation. S100A8/S100A9 complexes are the most abundant DAMPs in many autoimmune diseases. However, regulatory mechanisms locally restricting DAMP activities are barely understood. We now unravel for the first time, to our knowledge, a mechanism of autoinhibition in mice and humans restricting S100-DAMP activity to local sites of inflammation. Combining protease degradation, pull-down assays, mass spectrometry, and targeted mutations, we identified specific peptide sequences within the second calcium-binding EF-hands triggering TLR4/MD2-dependent inflammation. These binding sites are free when S100A8/S100A9 heterodimers are released at sites of inflammation. Subsequently, S100A8/S100A9 activities are locally restricted by calcium-induced (S100A8/S100A9)2 tetramer formation hiding the TLR4/MD2-binding site within the tetramer interphase, thus preventing undesirable systemic effects. Loss of this autoinhibitory mechanism in vivo results in TNF-α-driven fatal inflammation, as shown by lack of tetramer formation in crossing S100A9-/- mice with 2 independent TNF-α-transgene mouse strains. Since S100A8/S100A9 is the most abundant DAMP in many inflammatory diseases, specifically blocking the TLR4-binding site of active S100 dimers may represent a promising approach for local suppression of inflammatory diseases, avoiding systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, and.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Viktor Wixler
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung (ZMBE), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Alena Dreiling
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Sven Hermann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Olympia Papantonopoulou
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences-Institute (LIMES-Institute), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Geyer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Clinical Radiology
| | - Karin Loser
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Dermatology.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, and
| | - Michael Schäfers
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, and
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung (ZMBE), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, and
| | - Monika Stoll
- Institute of Human Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tomas Leanderson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Immunology Group, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences-Institute (LIMES-Institute), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine and
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, and.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, and
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Bridgewood C, Fearnley GW, Berekmeri A, Laws P, Macleod T, Ponnambalam S, Stacey M, Graham A, Wittmann M. IL-36γ Is a Strong Inducer of IL-23 in Psoriatic Cells and Activates Angiogenesis. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535706 PMCID: PMC5834930 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-1 family member cytokine IL-36γ is recognised as key mediator in the immunopathology of psoriasis, hallmarks of which involve the activation of both resident and infiltrating inflammatory myeloid cells and aberrant angiogenesis. This research demonstrates a role for IL-36γ in both myeloid activation and angiogenesis. We show that IL-36γ induces the production of psoriasis-associated cytokines from macrophages (IL-23 and TNFα) and that this response is enhanced in macrophages from psoriasis patients. This effect is specific for IL-36γ and could not be mimicked by other IL-1 family cytokines such as IL-1α. IL-36γ was also demonstrated to induce endothelial tube formation and branching, in a VEGF-A-dependent manner. Furthermore, IL-36γ-stimulated macrophages potently activated endothelial cells and led to increased adherence of monocytes, effects that were markedly more pronounced for psoriatic macrophages. Interestingly, regardless of stimulus, psoriasis monocytes showed increased adherence to both the stimulated and unstimulated endothelium when compared with monocytes from healthy individuals. Collectively, these findings show that IL-36γ has the potential to enhance endothelium directed leucocyte infiltration into the skin and strengthen the IL-23/IL-17 pathway adding to the growing evidence of pathogenetic roles for IL-36γ in psoriatic responses. Our findings also point to a cellular response, which could potentially explain cardiovascular comorbidities in psoriasis in the form of endothelial activation and increased monocyte adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Bridgewood
- Centre of Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth W Fearnley
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Berekmeri
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Laws
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Macleod
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sreenivasan Ponnambalam
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Stacey
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Graham
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Wittmann
- Centre of Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Contribution of In Vivo and Organotypic 3D Models to Understanding the Role of Macrophages and Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7215072. [PMID: 29249871 PMCID: PMC5698795 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7215072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, a common chronic immune-mediated skin disease, is histologically characterized by a rapid keratinocyte turnover and differentiation defects. Key insights favor the idea that T cells are not the only key actors involved in the inflammatory process. Innate immune cells, more precisely neutrophils and macrophages, provide specific signals involved in the initiation and the maintenance of the pathogenesis. Current data from animal models and, to a lesser extent, three-dimensional in vitro models have confirmed the interest in leaning towards other immune cell types as a potential new cellular target for the treatment of the disease. Although these models do not mimic the complex phenotype nor all human features of psoriasis, their development is necessary and essential to better understand reciprocal interactions between skin cells and innate immune cells and to emphasize the crucial importance of the local lesional microenvironment. In this review, through the use of in vivo and 3D organotypic models, we aim to shed light on the crosstalk between epithelial and immune components and to discuss the role of secreted inflammatory molecules in the development of this chronic skin disease.
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70
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Costa S, Marini O, Bevilacqua D, DeFranco AL, Hou B, Lonardi S, Vermi W, Rodegher P, Panato A, Tagliaro F, Lowell CA, Cassatella MA, Girolomoni G, Scapini P. Role of MyD88 signaling in the imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis: focus on innate myeloid cells. J Leukoc Biol 2017. [PMID: 28642279 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3ma0217-054rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease associated with deregulated activation of immune cells and keratinocytes. In this study, we used the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model of psoriasis to dissect better the contribution of hematopoietic and skin-resident stromal cells to psoriasis development. The comparison of disease development in mice carrying the hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of MyD88 (Myd88fl/flVav-cre+ mice) with mice carrying the total MyD88 deficiency (Myd88-/- mice), we show that the progression of skin and systemic inflammation, as well as of epidermal thickening, was completely dependent on MyD88 expression in hematopoietic cells. However, both Myd88-/- mouse strains developed some degree of epidermal thickening during the initial stages of IMQ-induced psoriasis, even in the absence of hematopoietic cell activation and infiltration into the skin, suggesting a contribution of MyD88-independent mechanisms in skin-resident stromal cells. With the use of conditional knockout mouse strains lacking MyD88 in distinct lineages of myeloid cells (Myd88fl/flLysM-cre+ and Myd88fl/flMRP8-cre+ mice), we report that MyD88 signaling in monocytes and Mϕ, but not in neutrophils, plays an important role in disease propagation and exacerbation by modulating their ability to sustain γδ T cell effector functions via IL-1β and IL-23 production. Overall, these findings add new insights into the specific contribution of skin-resident stromal vs. hematopoietic cells to disease initiation and progression in the IMQ-induced mouse model of psoriasis and uncover a potential novel pathogenic role for monocytes/Mϕ to psoriasis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Costa
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Olivia Marini
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dalila Bevilacqua
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anthony L DeFranco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Baidong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Silvia Lonardi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pamela Rodegher
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Panato
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Tagliaro
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; and
| | - Marco A Cassatella
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, and University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Scapini
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy;
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Matsuura T, Sato M, Nagai K, Sato T, Arito M, Omoteyama K, Suematsu N, Okamoto K, Kato T, Soma Y, Kurokawa MS. Serum peptides as putative modulators of inflammation in psoriasis. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 87:36-49. [PMID: 28431948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a refractory inflammatory disease, however, its pathophysiology is still not fully understood. OBJECTIVE We tried to identify novel serum peptides associated with the pathophysiology of psoriasis. METHODS Serum peptides from 24 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV), 10 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 14 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and 23 healthy control (HC) subjects were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects of some peptides on the secretion of humoral factors from dermal cells were investigated by cytokine arrays and ELISAs. RESULTS A total of 93 peptides were detected. 24, 20, 23, and 2 peptides showed at least 1.2-fold difference in ion intensity between the psoriasis (PV+PsA) and HC groups, between the PV+PsA and AD groups, between the PV and PsA groups, and between patients with severe-to-moderate PV (n=6) and those with mild PV (n=18), respectively (p<0.05). 13 out of 27 peptides that showed at least 1.5-fold ion intensity difference in the abovementioned 4 comparisons were identified. The parent proteins of the identified peptides included a coagulation factor, proteins involved in the maintenance of skin, and a protein relating to cytoskeleton. We focused on 2 peptides that were increased in the PV+PsA group: a fibrinogen α chain-derived peptide (1462m/z), the unmodified form of which was fibrinopeptide A-des-alanine (FPAdA), and a filaggrin (FLG)-derived peptide (1977m/z), a modified form of FLG2099-2118 (Q2099pE, Q2115E; FLG-pEE). FPAdA stimulation increased the secretion of GROα from dermal microvascular endothelial cells (dMVECs) and decreased the secretion of lipocalin-2 from keratinocytes in comparison to FPAdA-resequenced peptide stimulation (GROα, 280.9±7.3pg/mL vs. 229.6±5.0pg/mL, p<0.001; lipocalin-2, 273±13pg/mL vs. 350±10pg/mL, p<0.01). Interestingly, FLG-pEE stimulation decreased the secretion of GROα, IL-8, and MCP-1 from dMVECs in comparison to FLG-derived control peptide stimulation (GROα, 844.3±47.5pg/mL vs. 1038.5±96.9pg/mL, p<0.05; IL-8, 2240.1±172.6pg/mL vs. 3221.8±523.7pg/mL, p<0.05; MCP-1, 4057.8±157.2pg/mL vs. 4619.1±213.4pg/mL, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that some serum peptides are involved in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, regulating the secretion of inflammatory chemokines and an antimicrobial protein. The modulation of serum peptides may be a potential therapeutic strategy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiko Matsuura
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kouhei Nagai
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mitsumi Arito
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazuki Omoteyama
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Naoya Suematsu
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okamoto
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Soma
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Manae S Kurokawa
- Disease Biomarker Analysis and Molecular Regulation, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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72
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Grabowski B, Schmidt MA, Rüter C. Immunomodulatory Yersinia outer proteins (Yops)-useful tools for bacteria and humans alike. Virulence 2017; 8:1124-1147. [PMID: 28296562 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1303588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-pathogenic Yersinia produce plasmid-encoded Yersinia outer proteins (Yops), which are necessary to down-regulate anti-bacterial responses that constrict bacterial survival in the host. These Yops are effectively translocated directly from the bacterial into the target cell cytosol by the type III secretion system (T3SS). Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) in contrast are characterized by their ability to autonomously cross cell membranes and to transport cargo - independent of additional translocation systems. The recent discovery of bacterial cell-penetrating effector proteins (CPEs) - with the prototype being the T3SS effector protein YopM - established a new class of autonomously translocating immunomodulatory proteins. CPEs represent a vast source of potential self-delivering, anti-inflammatory therapeutics. In this review, we give an update on the characteristic features of the plasmid-encoded Yops and, based on recent findings, propose the further development of these proteins for potential therapeutic applications as natural or artificial cell-penetrating forms of Yops might be of value as bacteria-derived biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Grabowski
- a Institute of Infectiology - Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - M Alexander Schmidt
- a Institute of Infectiology - Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - Christian Rüter
- a Institute of Infectiology - Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster , Münster , Germany
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73
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Gatzka M. Skin under Tnf influence: how regulatory T cells work against macrophages in psoriasis. J Pathol 2016; 241:3-5. [PMID: 27747869 DOI: 10.1002/path.4820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-17 are key cytokines driving psoriasis and other inflammatory autoimmune diseases, and thus represent effective targets for anti-psoriatic therapy. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, Leite Dantas et al explore a mouse model of TNF-mediated psoriasiform dermatitis and arthritis with doxycyclin-inducible general overexpression of human TNF (ihTNFtg) mice for the contributions of macrophages and T cells in skin inflammation - with some unexpected and interesting findings. Although T cells are commonly known as major proinflammatory players in psoriasis, in the ihTNFtg mouse model macrophages were the predominant cells causing inflammation, and T cells, represented by Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, mainly formed the opposition to keep inflammation in check. In addition to offering a new perspective on potential alternative initiation mechanisms in psoriatic skin inflammation, this constellation illustrates how cellular networks in inflammatory conditions evolve according to the prevailing cytokine, and may help to explain individual responses to either anti-TNF-α or anti-IL-17 therapy regimens in psoriasis. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gatzka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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74
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Leite Dantas R, Masemann D, Schied T, Bergmeier V, Vogl T, Loser K, Brachvogel B, Varga G, Ludwig S, Wixler V. Macrophage-mediated psoriasis can be suppressed by regulatory T lymphocytes. J Pathol 2016; 240:366-377. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Leite Dantas
- Institute of Molecular Virology, ZMBE; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Dörthe Masemann
- Institute of Molecular Virology, ZMBE; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Tanja Schied
- Institute of Molecular Virology, ZMBE; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Vera Bergmeier
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Karin Loser
- Institute of Dermatology; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; 50931 Cologne Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Hospital of Cologne; 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Georg Varga
- Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology and Immunology; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular Virology, ZMBE; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
| | - Viktor Wixler
- Institute of Molecular Virology, ZMBE; University Hospital Muenster; 48149 Muenster Germany
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75
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Tanigawa H, Miyata K, Tian Z, Aoi J, Kadomatsu T, Fukushima S, Ogata A, Takeda N, Zhao J, Zhu S, Terada K, Endo M, Morinaga J, Sugizaki T, Sato M, Morioka MS, Manabe I, Mashimo Y, Hata A, Taketomi Y, Yamamoto K, Murakami M, Araki K, Jinnin M, Ihn H, Oike Y. Upregulation of ANGPTL6 in mouse keratinocytes enhances susceptibility to psoriasis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34690. [PMID: 27698489 PMCID: PMC5048131 DOI: 10.1038/srep34690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease marked by aberrant tissue repair. Mutant mice modeling psoriasis skin characteristics have provided useful information relevant to molecular mechanisms and could serve to evaluate therapeutic strategies. Here, we found that epidermal ANGPTL6 expression was markedly induced during tissue repair in mice. Analysis of mice overexpressing ANGPTL6 in keratinocytes (K14-Angptl6 Tg mice) revealed that epidermal ANGPTL6 activity promotes aberrant epidermal barrier function due to hyperproliferation of prematurely differentiated keratinocytes. Moreover, skin tissues of K14-Angptl6 Tg mice showed aberrantly activated skin tissue inflammation seen in psoriasis. Levels of the proteins S100A9, recently proposed as therapeutic targets for psoriasis, also increased in skin tissue of K14-Angptl6 Tg mice, but psoriasis-like inflammatory phenotypes in those mice were not rescued by S100A9 deletion. This finding suggests that decreasing S100A9 levels may not ameliorate all cases of psoriasis and that diverse mechanisms underlie the condition. Finally, we observed enhanced levels of epidermal ANGPTL6 in tissue specimens from some psoriasis patients. We conclude that the K14-Angptl6 Tg mouse is useful to investigate psoriasis pathogenesis and for preclinical testing of new therapeutics. Our study also suggests that ANGPTL6 activation in keratinocytes enhances psoriasis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanigawa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Allergy and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Zhe Tian
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jun Aoi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Aki Ogata
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoki Takeda
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Jiabin Zhao
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shunshun Zhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Terada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jun Morinaga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugizaki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Suimye Morioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Youichi Mashimo
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohara, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akira Hata
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohara, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Taketomi
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kei Yamamoto
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.,Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Makoto Murakami
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Periyathambi P, Sastry TP, Anandasadagopan SK, Manickavasagam K. Macrophages mediated diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using fibrin based magnetic nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:2992-3001. [PMID: 27663233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of bioimaging tools assists in the diagnosis and evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other osteoarthritis. However, detection of RA in the early stages by targeting its macrophages with suitable contrast agents will help in arresting the progression of the disease. METHODS In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of using magnetic fibrin nanoparticles (MFNPs) conjugated with folic acid (FA-MFNPs) as a specific contrast agent to target the activated macrophages, which overexpress the folate receptors (FR) in the knee joints of rats with antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). RESULTS FA-MFNPs were spherical with an average size of 18.3±1.6nm. In vitro studies have shown effective internalization of FA-MFNPs into the Raw264.7 macrophage cells. In vivo studies were carried out by injecting FA-MFNPs intravenously into the arthritic rats. The results showed enhanced MR imaging in the synovium of arthritic joints. Prussian blue histological staining confirmed uptake of FA-MFNPs by macrophages in the synovial tissue. CONCLUSION The animal experiment results indicate that FA-MFNPs can be used as a specific MRI contrast agent in identifying phagocytic active macrophages in the synovial joints. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Blood is the precursor source for synthesising the fibrin-based iron oxide (magnetic) nanoparticles (MFNPs) with diameters between 12 and 15nm. It has excellent superparamagnetic behaviour, biocompatibility, osteogenic potency, hemocompatibility, and biodegradable properties. MFNPs-based nanocomposites might be a promising contrast agent for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabu Periyathambi
- Biological Materials/Bio-Products Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Suresh Kumar Anandasadagopan
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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77
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Morimura S, Oka T, Sugaya M, Sato S. CX3CR1 deficiency attenuates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation with decreased M1 macrophages. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 82:175-88. [PMID: 26976687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), a receptor for CX3CL1, mediates migration of inflammatory cells. Psoriasis is a common skin disorder that causes skin inflammation. The role of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in psoriasis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in psoriasis, we assessed imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis in CX3CR1-deficient mice. METHODS We evaluated skin inflammation by assessing erythema, scaling, and ear thickness in CX3CR1(-/-) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Furthermore, we measured cytokine production by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. We investigated infiltrating cells in skin by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. After confirming phenotypical differences in macrophages between WT and CX3CR1(-/-) mice, we analyzed expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in peritoneal macrophages with or without stimulation of CX3CL1. We finally transferred peritoneal macrophages into the ear before IMQ application. RESULTS Skin inflammation assessed by erythema, scaling, and epidermal thickness was significantly reduced in CX3CR1(-/-) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, accompanied by decreases in cytokine production for IL-12, IL-23, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-36. On day 6, increase in ear thickness from the baseline of CX3CR1(-/-) mice was one third of that of WT mice. Skin macrophages of CX3CR1(-/-) mice contained increased levels of CCR2 and decreased levels of MCP-1 compared with those from WT mice. Spontaneous expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in peritoneal macrophages of naïve CX3CR1(-/-) mice were significantly lower than those of WT mice. Furthermore, stimulation of WT macrophages with CX3CL1 decreased expression of these cytokines, suggesting that altered macrophage populations, but not loss of interaction between CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 signaling, caused differences in cytokine expression and skin inflammation. Moreover, transfer of macrophages from WT mice normalized IMQ-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in CX3CR1(-/-) mice, suggesting that macrophages contributed to the decreased inflammation resulted from CX3CR1 deficiency. CONCLUSION These data show that interactions between CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 play important roles for infiltration of M1 macrophages in a non-inflammatory setting. Decreased M1 macrophages in naïve CX3CR1(-/-) mice may be related to decreased cytokine expression and attenuated psoriasis-like inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohshi Morimura
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Oka
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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78
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Ayala-Fontánez N, Soler DC, McCormick TS. Current knowledge on psoriasis and autoimmune diseases. PSORIASIS-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2016; 6:7-32. [PMID: 29387591 PMCID: PMC5683130 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s64950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a prevalent, chronic inflammatory disease of the skin, mediated by crosstalk between epidermal keratinocytes, dermal vascular cells, and immunocytes such as antigen presenting cells (APCs) and T cells. Exclusive cellular “responsibility” for the induction and maintenance of psoriatic plaques has not been clearly defined. Increased proliferation of keratinocytes and endothelial cells in conjunction with APC/T cell/monocyte/macrophage inflammation leads to the distinct epidermal and vascular hyperplasia that is characteristic of lesional psoriatic skin. Despite the identification of numerous susceptibility loci, no single genetic determinant has been identified as responsible for the induction of psoriasis. Thus, numerous other triggers of disease, such as environmental, microbial and complex cellular interactions must also be considered as participants in the development of this multifactorial disease. Recent advances in therapeutics, especially systemic so-called “biologics” have provided new hope for identifying the critical cellular targets that drive psoriasis pathogenesis. Recent recognition of the numerous co-morbidities and other autoimmune disorders associated with psoriasis, including inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus suggest common signaling elements and cellular mediators may direct disease pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss common cellular pathways and participants that mediate psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders that share these cellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilmarie Ayala-Fontánez
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,The Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David C Soler
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,The Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas S McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,The Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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79
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Mahil SK, Capon F, Barker JN. Update on psoriasis immunopathogenesis and targeted immunotherapy. Semin Immunopathol 2015; 38:11-27. [PMID: 26573299 PMCID: PMC4706579 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over recent years, significant progress has been made in characterisation of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in psoriasis, a common cutaneous disease that is associated with major systemic co-morbidity and reduced life expectancy. Basic science discoveries have informed the design of novel therapeutic approaches, many of which are now under evaluation in late-stage clinical trials. Here we describe the complex interplay between immune cell types and cytokine networks that acts within self-perpetuating feedback loops to drive cutaneous inflammation in psoriasis. Genetic studies have been pivotal in the construction of the disease model and more recently have uncovered a distinct aetiology for rare, pustular variants of psoriasis. The translation of mechanistic insights into potential advancements in clinical care will also be described, including several treatments that target the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/T17 immune axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satveer K Mahil
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francesca Capon
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan N Barker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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80
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Outer surface protein OspC is an antiphagocytic factor that protects Borrelia burgdorferi from phagocytosis by macrophages. Infect Immun 2015; 83:4848-60. [PMID: 26438793 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01215-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer surface protein C (OspC) is one of the major lipoproteins expressed on the surface of Borrelia burgdorferi during tick feeding and the early phase of mammalian infection. OspC is required for B. burgdorferi to establish infection in both immunocompetent and SCID mice and has been proposed to facilitate evasion of innate immune defenses. However, the exact biological function of OspC remains elusive. In this study, we showed that the ospC-deficient spirochete could not establish infection in NOD-scid IL2rγ(null) mice that lack B cells, T cells, NK cells, and lytic complement. The ospC mutant also could not establish infection in anti-Ly6G-treated SCID and C3H/HeN mice (depletion of neutrophils). However, depletion of mononuclear phagocytes at the skin site of inoculation in SCID and C3H/HeN mice allowed the ospC mutant to establish infection in vivo. In phagocyte-depleted mice, the ospC mutant was able to colonize the joints and triggered neutrophilia during dissemination. Furthermore, we found that phagocytosis of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing ospC mutant spirochetes by murine peritoneal macrophages and human THP-1 macrophage-like cells, but not in PMN-HL60, was significantly higher than parental wild-type B. burgdorferi strains, suggesting that OspC has an antiphagocytic property. In addition, overproduction of OspC in spirochetes also decreased the uptake of spirochetes by murine peritoneal macrophages. Together, our findings provide evidence that mononuclear phagocytes play a key role in clearance of the ospC mutant and that OspC promotes spirochetes' evasion of macrophages during early Lyme borreliosis.
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81
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Ait-Lounis A, Laraba-Djebari F. TNF-alpha modulates adipose macrophage polarization to M1 phenotype in response to scorpion venom. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:929-36. [PMID: 26403661 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously reported that Androctonus australis hector (Aah) venom and its toxic fraction affect adipose tissue metabolism. However, the contribution of immune system and the role of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in the progression of inflammation induced by scorpion venom remain largely unknown. METHODS Here we evaluate the capacity of the toxic fraction of Aah venom (FTox-G50) to induce the expression of M1 and M2 markers genes on adipose tissue and isolated stromal vascular cells (SVC). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on the SVC 24 h after FTox-G50 venom injection to assess the gene expressions of IL12p40, IL23, and other macrophages-associated markers. RESULTS We found that ATM from FTox-G50-venom-injected mice markedly increased the expressions of IL-12p40 and IL-23. Furthermore, the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (an M1 marker) was up-regulated, but the expression of Arginase1 (an M2 marker) was not. Systemic injection of a chemical inhibitor directed against TNF-α binding reduced the expression of inflammatory M1 macrophage markers and the MAPKpk2 gene, a key mediator of inflammatory signaling. CONCLUSION These results indicate that TNF-α is a physiological regulator of inflammation and macrophage activation induced by scorpion venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aouatef Ait-Lounis
- USTHB, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, BP 32 El-Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Fatima Laraba-Djebari
- USTHB, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, BP 32 El-Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria.
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82
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Liu Y, Yang G, Zhang J, Xing K, Dai L, Cheng L, Liu J, Deng J, Shi G, Li C, Su X, Zhang S, Yang Y, Li J, Yu D, Xiang R, Wei Y, Deng H. Anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody reverses psoriasis through dual inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:731-43. [PMID: 26263167 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonists have shown remarkable efficacy in psoriasis; however, the precise mechanisms of action of TNF-α blocking agents mainly focus on their neutralizing TNF-α and its anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we generated a humanized anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody (IBI303) and suggested a potential mechanism of anti-TNF-α therapy for psoriasis. The results of SPR and ELISA indicated that IBI303 has a good affinity to TNF-α. In vitro, it could suppress TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity in WEHI164 cells. In vivo, administration of IBI303 to K14-VEGF transgenic mice led to a significant treatment efficiency in psoriasis in a dose-dependent manner. IHC staining and cytokines-ELISA indicated that TNF-α inhibition strongly reduced inflammatory cells infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, accompanied by suppression of inflamed dermal blood vessels. Mechanistically, in order to explain the anti-angiogenesis effect of anti-TNF-α antibody, the production of cytokine in macrophage conditional medium was measured by ELISA. The result indicated that the massive secretion of TNF-α stimulated by LPS in RAW264.7 cell supernatant was markedly neutralized in a dose-response manner by IBI303, moreover, the expression of NF-κB p65 was down-regulated. Mouse endothelial cell tube formation assay showed that anti-TNF-α could inhibit blood vessels formation directly and indirectly. Collectively, our study suggested a kind of antipsoriatic mechanism of TNF-α inhibitors that is the dual inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Chongqing Tree Gorges Medical College, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Innovent Biologics, Inc., Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Innovent Biologics, Inc., Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Hansen MJ, Achini Bandara N, Low PS. Folate receptor expression on murine and human adipose tissue macrophages. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:697-706. [PMID: 26149693 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have been implicated in a number of obesity-related diseases. Because the activated macrophages associated with many types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases express a folate receptor (FR) that can be exploited for FR-targeted drug delivery, we examined the visceral adipose tissue of obese mice and humans to determine whether ATMs also express FR that are accessible by folate conjugates. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS C57BL/6 or FATSO mice fed on either a low- or high-fat diet were used in murine studies. Human adipose tissue were obtained from healthy volunteers during adipose reduction surgery. METHODS Visceral adipose tissue was collected from both obese mice and humans, collagenase digested, and stained with folate-Oregon Green and antibodies for macrophage markers including F4/80, mannose receptor (CD206), CD11b, and CD11c. Cells were then examined for expression of the above markers by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the ability of folate conjugates to target the FR-expressing ATMs in obese mice was evaluated in vivo. RESULTS A subset of the ATMs harvested from obese mice were found to express FR. Subpopulations of ATMs also simultaneously express both pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and FR is expressed on both subsets. We then demonstrate that FR-expressing ATMs can be targeted with folate-linked fluorescent dyes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS FR are expressed on multiple subsets of ATMs and these subsets can be targeted with folate-linked drugs, allowing for the possible development of FR-targeted therapies for obesity-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
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84
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NF-κB-induced microRNA-31 promotes epidermal hyperplasia by repressing protein phosphatase 6 in psoriasis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7652. [PMID: 26138368 PMCID: PMC4506511 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is constitutively activated in psoriatic epidermis. However, how activated NF-κB promotes keratinocyte hyperproliferation in psoriasis is largely unknown. Here we report that the NF-κB activation triggered by inflammatory cytokines induces the transcription of microRNA (miRNA) miR-31, one of the most dynamic miRNAs identified in the skin of psoriatic patients and mouse models. The genetic deficiency of miR-31 in keratinocytes inhibits their hyperproliferation, decreases acanthosis and reduces the disease severity in psoriasis mouse models. Furthermore, protein phosphatase 6 (ppp6c), a negative regulator that restricts the G1 to S phase progression, is diminished in human psoriatic epidermis and is directly targeted by miR-31. The inhibition of ppp6c is functionally important for miR-31-mediated biological effects. Moreover, NF-κB activation inhibits ppp6c expression directly through the induction of miR-31, and enhances keratinocyte proliferation. Thus, our data identify NF-κB-induced miR-31 and its target, ppp6c, as critical factors for the hyperproliferation of epidermis in psoriasis. Psoriasis is accompanied by NF-κB activation and hyperplasia. Here the authors show that NF-κB transcriptionally activates miR-31, which downregulates a negative cell cycle regulator protein phosphatase 6, and that this is critical for NF-κB to drive keratinocyte hyperproliferation.
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85
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He D, Kou X, Yang R, Liu D, Wang X, Luo Q, Song Y, Liu F, Yan Y, Gan Y, Zhou Y. M1-like Macrophage Polarization Promotes Orthodontic Tooth Movement. J Dent Res 2015; 94:1286-94. [PMID: 26124217 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515589714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in inflammatory-mediated bone loss. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is associated with inflammatory bone remodeling. However, whether and how macrophages contribute to mechanical force–induced OTM remains unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that polarization of M1-like macrophages may contribute to the OTM. Orthodontic nickel-titanium springs were applied to the upper first molars of rats or mice to induce OTM. The distance of OTM gradually increased after mechanical force was applied to the rats for 5 and 10 d. M1-like macrophage polarization and expression of M1 cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α also increased after force application. More importantly, monocyte/macrophage depletion in mice by injection of clodronate liposomes decreased the distance of OTM and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)–positive osteoclasts and CD68+ macrophages, accompanied by reduced expressions of M1 markers TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), whereas systemic transfusion of M1 macrophages in mice increased them. Further experiments showed that injection of recombinant TNF-α increased the distance of OTM and the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and CD68+ macrophages, as well as upregulated the expression of TNF-α and iNOS. Blockage of TNF-α by etanercept injection reduced the distance of OTM and the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and CD68+ macrophages, as well as decreased the levels of TNF-α and iNOS. These data suggest that M1-like macrophage polarization promotes alveolar bone resorption and consequent OTM after mechanical force application.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. He
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - X. Kou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - R. Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - D. Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Q. Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Y. Song
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - F. Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Y. Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Y. Gan
- Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Y. Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
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86
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Wu X, Lahiri A, Sarin R, Abraham C. T cell-extrinsic CD18 attenuates antigen-dependent CD4+ T cell activation in vivo. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:4122-9. [PMID: 25801431 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The β2 integrins (CD11/CD18) are heterodimeric leukocyte adhesion molecules expressed on hematopoietic cells. The role of T cell-intrinsic CD18 in trafficking of naive T cells to secondary lymphoid organs and in Ag-dependent T cell activation in vitro and in vivo has been well defined. However, the T cell-extrinsic role for CD18, including on APC, in contributing to T cell activation in vivo is less well understood. We examined the role for T cell-extrinsic CD18 in the activation of wild-type CD4(+) T cells in vivo through the adoptive transfer of DO11.10 Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells into CD18(-/-) mice. We found that T cell-extrinsic CD18 was required for attenuating OVA-induced T cell proliferation in peripheral lymph nodes (PLN). The increased proliferation of wild-type DO11.10 CD4(+) T cells in CD18(-/-) PLN was associated with a higher percentage of APC, and these APC demonstrated an increased activation profile and increased Ag uptake, in particular in F4/80(+) APC. Depletion of F4/80(+) cells both reduced and equalized Ag-dependent T cell proliferation in CD18(-/-) relative to littermate control PLN, demonstrating that these cells play a critical role in the enhanced T cell proliferation in CD18(-/-) mice. Consistently, CD11b blockade, which is expressed on F4/80(+) macrophages, enhanced the proliferation of DO11.10 CD4(+) T cells in CD18(+/-) PLN. Thus, in contrast to the T cell-intrinsic essential role for CD18 in T cell activation, T cell-extrinsic expression of CD18 attenuates Ag-dependent CD4(+) T cell activation in PLN in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxin Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Amit Lahiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ritu Sarin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Clara Abraham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510
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87
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Khmaladze I, Nandakumar KS, Holmdahl R. Reactive oxygen species in psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis: relevance to human disease. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015; 166:135-49. [PMID: 25824670 DOI: 10.1159/000375401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (Ps) is a chronic, immune-mediated, skin inflammatory disease affecting up to 3% of the population worldwide. Different environmental triggers initiate this complex multifactorial syndrome. Many individuals affected by Ps (6-26%) develop inflammatory disease in other organs, often in the joints as in psoriasis arthritis (PsA). Animal models that reflect the typical Ps syndrome, including both skin and joint pathology as in Ps and PsA, are valuable tools for dissecting disease pathways leading to clinical manifestations. In this context, we developed a new acute Ps and PsA-like disease model that appears after exposure to Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan in certain mouse strains. The disease was found to be triggered by mannan-activated macrophages, leading to the activation of a pathogenic interleukin-17 pathway involving innate lymphocytes. Interestingly, the production of reactive oxygen species protected the mice from the triggering of this pathway and ameliorated Ps and PsA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ia Khmaladze
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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88
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Theivanthiran B, Kathania M, Zeng M, Anguiano E, Basrur V, Vandergriff T, Pascual V, Wei WZ, Massoumi R, Venuprasad K. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch inhibits p38α signaling and skin inflammation through the ubiquitylation of Tab1. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra22. [PMID: 25714464 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency in the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch causes a skin-scratching phenotype in mice. We found that there was increased phosphorylation and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38α in spontaneous and experimentally induced skin lesions of Itch-deficient (Itch-/-) mice. Itch bound directly to the TGF-β-activated kinase 1-binding protein 1 (Tab1) through a conserved PPXY motif and inhibited the activation of p38α. Knockdown of Tab1 by short hairpin RNA attenuated the prolonged p38α phosphorylation exhibited by Itch-/- cells. Similarly, reconstitution of Itch-/- cells with wild-type Itch, but not the ligase-deficient Itch-C830A mutant, inhibited the phosphorylation and activation of p38α. Compared to the skin of wild-type mice, the skin of Itch-/- mice contained increased amounts of the mRNAs of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-11, and IL-19. Inhibition of p38 or blocking the interaction between p38α and Tab1 with a cell-permeable peptide substantially attenuated skin inflammation in Itch-/- mice. These findings provide insight into how Itch-mediated regulatory mechanisms prevent chronic skin inflammation, which could be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahesh Kathania
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Minghui Zeng
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Esperanza Anguiano
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Venkatesha Basrur
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Travis Vandergriff
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Wei-Zen Wei
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Venuprasad
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA.
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89
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Periostin secreted by glioblastoma stem cells recruits M2 tumour-associated macrophages and promotes malignant growth. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:170-82. [PMID: 25580734 PMCID: PMC4312504 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 635] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are enriched in glioblastoma (GBM) that contains glioma stem cells (GSCs) at the apex of its cellular hierarchy. The correlation between TAM density and glioma grade suggests a supportive role of TAMs in tumor progression. Here we interrogated the molecular link between GSCs and TAM recruitment in GBMs and demonstrated that GSCs secrete Periostin (POSTN) to recruit TAMs. TAM density correlates with POSTN levels in human GBMs. Silencing POSTN in GSCs markedly reduced TAM density, inhibited tumor growth, and increased survival of mice bearing GSC-derived xenografts. We found that TAMs in GBMs are not brain-resident microglia, but mainly monocyte-derived macrophages from peripheral blood. Disrupting POSTN specifically attenuated the tumor supportive M2 type of TAMs in xenografts. POSTN recruits TAMs through integrin αvβ3 as blocking this signaling by an RGD peptide inhibited TAM recruitment. Our findings highlight the possibility of improving GBM treatment by targeting POSTN-mediated TAM recruitment.
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90
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Pal HC, Chamcheu JC, Adhami VM, Wood GS, Elmets CA, Mukhtar H, Afaq F. Topical application of delphinidin reduces psoriasiform lesions in the flaky skin mouse model by inducing epidermal differentiation and inhibiting inflammation. Br J Dermatol 2014; 172:354-64. [PMID: 25533330 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and aberrant keratinocyte differentiation. We have shown that treatment of reconstituted human skin with delphinidin, an anthocyanidin, present in pigmented fruits and vegetables, increased the expression and processing of caspase-14, which is involved in cornification. Delphinidin also increases the expression of epidermal differentiation marker proteins. OBJECTIVES To determine whether topical application of delphinidin can modulate pathological markers of psoriasiform lesions in flaky skin mice and if this is associated with increased epidermal differentiation and a reduction in proliferation and inflammation. METHODS Five-week-old female homozygous flaky skin mice (fsn/fsn) were treated topically with delphinidin (0·5 mg cm(-2) and 1 mg cm(-2) skin areas, respectively), five times a week, up to 14 weeks of age. RESULTS Treatment of flaky skin mice with delphinidin resulted in a reduction in (i) pathological markers of psoriasiform lesions; (ii) infiltration of inflammatory cells; and (iii) mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines. Delphinidin treatment also increased the expression and processing of caspase-14, and expression of filaggrin, loricrin, keratin-1 and keratin-10. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the expression of markers for cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen and keratin-14) and modulation of tight junction proteins (occludin and claudin-1). In addition, delphinidin treatment increased the expression of activator protein-1 transcription factor proteins (JunB, JunD, Fra1 and Fra2). CONCLUSIONS Delphinidin could be a promising agent for treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Pal
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, 35294, AL, U.S.A
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91
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Bone marrow stromal cells as immunomodulators. A primer for dermatologists. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 77:11-20. [PMID: 25476233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as mesenchymal stem cells or MSCs) represent a unique cell population in the bone marrow with a long-known function to support hematopoiesis and replace skeletal tissues. The recent discovery that BMSCs also possess potent immunoregulatory features attracted a great deal of attention from stem cell biologists, immunologists and clinicians of different specialties worldwide. Initial clinical experience along with several animal models suggested that intravenously delivered BMSCs are able to regulate a wide variety of host immune cells and act in a way that is beneficial for the recipient in a variety of diseases. The role of the present review is to give a short introduction to the biology of BMSCs and to summarize our current understanding of how BMSCs modulate the immune system with special emphasis on available clinical data. Considering the audience of this journal we will also attempt to guide dermatologists in choosing the right skin conditions where BMSCs might be considered as a therapeutic alternative.
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92
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Alexander KA, Flynn R, Lineburg KE, Kuns RD, Teal BE, Olver SD, Lor M, Raffelt NC, Koyama M, Leveque L, Le Texier L, Melino M, Markey KA, Varelias A, Engwerda C, Serody JS, Janela B, Ginhoux F, Clouston AD, Blazar BR, Hill GR, MacDonald KPA. CSF-1-dependant donor-derived macrophages mediate chronic graft-versus-host disease. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4266-80. [PMID: 25157821 DOI: 10.1172/jci75935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) is the major cause of late, nonrelapse death following stem cell transplantation and characteristically develops in organs such as skin and lung. Here, we used multiple murine models of cGVHD to investigate the contribution of macrophage populations in the development of cGVHD. Using an established IL-17-dependent sclerodermatous cGVHD model, we confirmed that macrophages infiltrating the skin are derived from donor bone marrow (F4/80+CSF-1R+CD206+iNOS-). Cutaneous cGVHD developed in a CSF-1/CSF-1R-dependent manner, as treatment of recipients after transplantation with CSF-1 exacerbated macrophage infiltration and cutaneous pathology. Additionally, recipients of grafts from Csf1r-/- mice had substantially less macrophage infiltration and cutaneous pathology as compared with those receiving wild-type grafts. Neither CCL2/CCR2 nor GM-CSF/GM-CSFR signaling pathways were required for macrophage infiltration or development of cGVHD. In a different cGVHD model, in which bronchiolitis obliterans is a prominent manifestation, F4/80+ macrophage infiltration was similarly noted in the lungs of recipients after transplantation, and lung cGVHD was also IL-17 and CSF-1/CSF-1R dependent. Importantly, depletion of macrophages using an anti-CSF-1R mAb markedly reduced cutaneous and pulmonary cGVHD. Taken together, these data indicate that donor macrophages mediate the development of cGVHD and suggest that targeting CSF-1 signaling after transplantation may prevent and treat cGVHD.
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93
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Mannan induces ROS-regulated, IL-17A-dependent psoriasis arthritis-like disease in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E3669-78. [PMID: 25136095 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405798111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (Ps) and psoriasis arthritis (PsA) are poorly understood common diseases, induced by unknown environmental factors, affecting skin and articular joints. A single i.p. exposure to mannan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced an acute inflammation in inbred mouse strains resembling human Ps and PsA-like disease, whereas multiple injections induced a relapsing disease. Exacerbation of disease severity was observed in mice deficient for generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, restoration of ROS production, specifically in macrophages, ameliorated both skin and joint disease. Neutralization of IL-17A, mainly produced by γδ T cells, completely blocked disease symptoms. Furthermore, mice depleted of granulocytes were resistant to disease development. In contrast, certain acute inflammatory mediators (C5, Fcγ receptor III, mast cells, and histamine) and adaptive immune players (αβ T and B cells) were redundant in disease induction. Hence, we propose that mannan-induced activation of macrophages leads to TNF-α secretion and stimulation of local γδ T cells secreting IL-17A. The combined action of activated macrophages and IL-17A produced in situ drives neutrophil infiltration in the epidermis and dermis of the skin, leading to disease manifestations. Thus, our finding suggests a new mechanism triggered by exposure to exogenous microbial components, such as mannan, that can induce and exacerbate Ps and PsA.
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94
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Abstract
Immune responses in the skin are important for host defence against pathogenic microorganisms. However, dysregulated immune reactions can cause chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Extensive crosstalk between the different cellular and microbial components of the skin regulates local immune responses to ensure efficient host defence, to maintain and restore homeostasis, and to prevent chronic disease. In this Review, we discuss recent findings that highlight the complex regulatory networks that control skin immunity, and we provide new paradigms for the mechanisms that regulate skin immune responses in host defence and in chronic inflammation.
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95
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Rowley SM, Kuriakose T, Dockery LM, Tran-Nguyen T, Gingerich AD, Wei L, Watford WT. Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) kinase promotes chemokine receptor expression and macrophage migration during acute inflammation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15788-97. [PMID: 24713702 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.559344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In autoimmune diseases, the accumulation of activated leukocytes correlates with inflammation and disease progression, and, therefore, the disruption of leukocyte trafficking is an active area of research. The serine/threonine protein kinase Tpl2 (MAP3K8) regulates leukocyte inflammatory responses and is also being investigated for therapeutic inhibition during autoimmunity. Here we addressed the contribution of Tpl2 to the regulation of macrophage chemokine receptor expression and migration in vivo using a mouse model of Tpl2 ablation. LPS stimulation of bone marrow-derived macrophages induced early CCR1 chemokine receptor expression but repressed CCR2 and CCR5 expression. Notably, early induction of CCR1 expression by LPS was dependent upon a signaling pathway involving Tpl2, PI3K, and ERK. On the contrary, Tpl2 was required to maintain the basal expression of CCR2 and CCR5 as well as to stabilize CCR5 mRNA expression. Consistent with impairments in chemokine receptor expression, tpl2(-/-) macrophages were defective in trafficking to the peritoneal cavity following thioglycollate-induced inflammation. Overall, this study demonstrates a Tpl2-dependent mechanism for macrophage expression of select chemokine receptors and provides further insight into how Tpl2 inhibition may be used therapeutically to disrupt inflammatory networks in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Rowley
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia 30602 and
| | - Teneema Kuriakose
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia 30602 and
| | - Lee M Dockery
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia 30602 and
| | - Thi Tran-Nguyen
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia 30602 and
| | - Aaron D Gingerich
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia 30602 and
| | - Lai Wei
- the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wendy T Watford
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia 30602 and
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König S, Nitzki F, Uhmann A, Dittmann K, Theiss-Suennemann J, Herrmann M, Reichardt HM, Schwendener R, Pukrop T, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Hahn H. Depletion of cutaneous macrophages and dendritic cells promotes growth of basal cell carcinoma in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93555. [PMID: 24691432 PMCID: PMC3972151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) belongs to the group of non-melanoma skin tumors and is the most common tumor in the western world. BCC arises due to mutations in the tumor suppressor gene Patched1 (Ptch). Analysis of the conditional Ptch knockout mouse model for BCC reveals that macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) of the skin play an important role in BCC growth restraining processes. This is based on the observation that a clodronate-liposome mediated depletion of these cells in the tumor-bearing skin results in significant BCC enlargement. The depletion of these cells does not modulate Ki67 or K10 expression, but is accompanied by a decrease in collagen-producing cells in the tumor stroma. Together, the data suggest that cutaneous macrophages and DC in the tumor microenvironment exert an antitumor effect on BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone König
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Nitzki
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Anja Uhmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kai Dittmann
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Markus Herrmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Holger M. Reichardt
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Reto Schwendener
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Heidi Hahn
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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97
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Bandara NA, Hansen MJ, Low PS. Effect of receptor occupancy on folate receptor internalization. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1007-13. [PMID: 24446917 DOI: 10.1021/mp400659t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The folate receptor (FR) is a GPI anchored cell surface glycoprotein that functions to facilitate folic acid uptake and mediate signal transduction. With the introduction of multiple folate-targeted drugs into the clinic, the question has arisen regarding how frequently a patient can be dosed with a FR-targeted drug or antibody and whether dosing frequency exerts any impact on the availability of FR for subsequent rounds of FR-mediated drug uptake. Although the rate of FR recycling has been examined in murine tumor models, little or no information exists on the impact of FR occupancy on its rate of endocytosis. The present study quantitates the number of cell surface FR-α and FR-β following exposure to saturating concentrations of a variety of folate-linked molecules and anti-FR antibodies, including the unmodified vitamin, folate-linked drug mimetics, multifolate derivatized nanoparticles, and monoclonal antibodies to FR. We report here that FR occupancy has no impact on the rate of FR internalization. We also demonstrate that multivalent conjugates that bind and cross-link FRs at the cell surface internalize at the same rate as monovalent folate conjugates that have no impact on FR clustering, even though the multivalent conjugates traffic through a different endocytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Achini Bandara
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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98
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Kragstrup TW, Jalilian B, Hvid M, Kjærgaard A, Østgård R, Schiøttz-Christensen B, Jurik AG, Robinson WH, Vorup-Jensen T, Deleuran B. Decreased plasma levels of soluble CD18 link leukocyte infiltration with disease activity in spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R42. [PMID: 24490631 PMCID: PMC3978678 DOI: 10.1186/ar4471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spondyloarthritis (SpA) comprises a group of diseases often associated with HLA-B27 and characterized by inflammation of the entheses and joints of the axial skeleton. The inflammatory process in SpA is presumably driven by innate immune cells but is still poorly understood. Thus, new tools for monitoring and treating inflammation are needed. The family of CD18 integrins is pivotal in guiding leukocytes to sites of inflammation, and CD18 hypomorphic mice develop a disease resembling SpA. Previously, we demonstrated that altered soluble CD18 (sCD18) complexes in the blood and synovial fluid of patients with arthritis have anti-inflammatory functions. Here, we study the mechanisms for these alterations and their association with SpA disease activity. METHODS Plasma levels of sCD18 in a study population with 84 patients with SpA and matched healthy controls were analyzed with a time-resolved immunoflourometric assay (TRIFMA). Binding of sCD18 to endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) was studied with confocal microscopy. Shedding of CD18 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was studied with flow cytometry and TRIFMA. RESULTS Plasma levels of sCD18 were decreased in patients with SpA compared with healthy volunteers (P <0.001), and the lowest levels were in the HLA-B27-positive subgroup (P <0.05). In a multiple regression model, the sCD18 levels exhibited an inverse correlation with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) (P <0.05), the level of morning stiffness (P <0.05), the Bath Ankylosing Spondilitis Metrology Index (P <0.05), the physician global assessment score (P <0.01), and the sacroiliac magnetic resonance imaging activity score (P <0.05). The mechanisms for these changes could be simulated in vitro. First, sCD18 in plasma adhered to inflammation-induced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on endothelial cells and FLS, indicating increased consumption. Second, CD18 shedding from SpA PBMCs correlated inversely with the BASDAI (P <0.05), suggesting insufficient generation. CD18 was shed primarily from intermediate CD14⁺⁺ CD16⁺ monocytes, supporting the view that alterations in innate immunity can regulate the inflammatory processes in SpA. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the failure of patients with SpA to maintain adequate sCD18 levels may reflect insufficient CD18 shedding from monocytes to counterbalance the capture of sCD18 complexes to inflammation-induced ICAM-1. This could increase the availability of ICAM-1 molecules on the endothelium and in the synovium, facilitating leukocyte migration to the entheses and joints and aggregating disease activity.
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99
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Gatzka M, Hainzl A, Peters T, Singh K, Tasdogan A, Wlaschek M, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Reduction of CD18 Promotes Expansion of Inflammatory γδ T Cells Collaborating with CD4+T Cells in Chronic Murine Psoriasiform Dermatitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:5477-88. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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100
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Rego SL, Swamydas M, Kidiyoor A, Helms R, De Piante A, Lance AL, Mukherjee P, Dréau D. Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors Shed by Breast Tumor Cells Inhibit Macrophage Chemotaxis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2013; 33:672-81. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lee Rego
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Muthulekha Swamydas
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Amritha Kidiyoor
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Rachel Helms
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Alexander De Piante
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Amanda L. Lance
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Pinku Mukherjee
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Didier Dréau
- Cell and Molecular Division, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina–Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
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