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MiRNA expression analysis emphasized the role of miR-424 in diabetic cardiovascular complications. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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52
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Pullamsetti SS, Mamazhakypov A, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Savai R. Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5638-5651. [PMID: 32881714 DOI: 10.1172/jci137558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that can subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Emerging evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling plays a fundamental and pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PH. This Review summarizes the regulation of HIF isoforms and their impact in various PH subtypes, as well as the elaborate conditional and cell-specific knockout mouse studies that brought the role of this pathway to light. We also discuss the current preclinical status of pan- and isoform-selective HIF inhibitors, and propose new research areas that may facilitate HIF isoform-specific inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH and right heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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53
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Cai X, Wang S, Hong L, Yu S, Li B, Zeng H, Yang X, Zhang P, Shao L. Inhibition of miR-322-5p Protects Cardiac Myoblast Cells Against Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis and Injury Through Regulating CIAPIN1. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:200-207. [PMID: 33538533 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hypoxia leads to insufficient supply of blood and nutrients, which is major incentive for cardiomyocyte injury and apoptosis. Previous studies reported the regulation effects of microRNAs (miRNAs) in myocardial infarction, whereas function and molecular mechanisms of miR-322-5p were still unclear. Therefore, our study focused on the biological role of miR-322-5p in hypoxia-induced cardiac myoblast cells apoptosis and injury. The expression levels of miR-322-5p and cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in cardiac myoblast cells. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide (MTT), lactic dehydrogenase, and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine proliferation, injury, and apoptosis of cardiac myoblast cells, respectively. The protein expression levels were evaluated with western blot assay. The relationship between miR-322-5p and CIAPIN1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter analysis. We found that miR-322-5p level was increased in cardiac myoblast cells exposed to hypoxia. In addition, miR-322-5p silencing could weaken injury and apoptosis in cardiac myoblast cells induced by hypoxia; meanwhile, inhibition of miR-322-5p activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signal pathway. Besides, CIAPIN1 was a target mRNA of miR-322-5p based on bioinformatics prediction. CIAPIN1 knockdown reversed the effects of miR-322-5p silencing on hypoxic cardiac myoblast cells. Suppression of miR-322-5p protected cardiac myoblast cells against hypoxia-induced injury and apoptosis through regulation of CIAPIN1 expression and PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lang Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Songping Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Shenzhen Realomics (Biotech), Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, China ; and
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liang Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Yang X, Yang Y, Guo J, Meng Y, Li M, Yang P, Liu X, Aung LHH, Yu T, Li Y. Targeting the epigenome in in-stent restenosis: from mechanisms to therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:1136-1160. [PMID: 33664994 PMCID: PMC7896131 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. The introduction of percutaneous revascularization has revolutionized the therapy of patients with CAD. Despite the advent of drug-eluting stents, restenosis remains the main challenge in treating patients with CAD. In-stent restenosis (ISR) indicates the reduction in lumen diameter after percutaneous coronary intervention, in which the vessel's lumen re-narrowing is attributed to the aberrant proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and dysregulation of endothelial cells (ECs). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that epigenetics is involved in the occurrence and progression of ISR. In this review, we provide the latest and comprehensive analysis of three separate but related epigenetic mechanisms regulating ISR, namely, DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. Initially, we discuss the mechanism of restenosis. Furthermore, we discuss the biological mechanism underlying the diverse epigenetic modifications modulating gene expression and functions of VSMCs, as well as ECs in ISR. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets of the small molecule inhibitors of cardiovascular epigenetic factors. A more detailed understanding of epigenetic regulation is essential for elucidating this complex biological process, which will assist in developing and improving ISR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Panyu Yang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynn Htet Htet Aung
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Road No. 59 Haier, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Integrative analysis of miRNA-mRNA network in high altitude retinopathy by bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227459. [PMID: 33393628 PMCID: PMC7809558 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude retinopathy (HAR) is an ocular manifestation of acute oxygen deficiency at high altitudes. Although the pathophysiology of HAR has been revealed by many studies in recent years, the molecular mechanism is not yet clear. Our study aimed to systematically identify the genes and microRNA (miRNA) and explore the potential biomarkers associated with HAR by integrated bioinformatics analysis. The mRNA and miRNA expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We performed Gene Ontology functional annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. Potential target gene analysis and miRNA-mRNA network analysis were also conducted. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the results of the bioinformatics analysis. Through a series of bioinformatics analyses and experiments, we selected 16 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and 157 differentially expressed genes related to acute mountain sickness (AMS) and constructed a miRNA-mRNA network containing 240 relationship pairs. The hub genes were filtered from the protein-protein interaction network: IL7R, FOS, IL10, FCGR2A, DDX3X, CDK1, BCL11B and HNRNPH1, which were all down-regulated in the AMS group. Then, nine up-regulated DE-miRNAs and eight hub genes were verified by qRT-PCR in our hypoxia-induced HAR cell model. The expression of miR-3177-3p, miR-369-3p, miR-603, miR-495, miR-4791, miR-424-5p, FOS, IL10 and IL7R was consistent with our bioinformatics results. In conclusion, FOS, IL10, IL-7R and 7 DE-miRNAs may participate in the development of HAR. Our findings will contribute to the identification of biomarkers and promote the effective prevention and treatment of HAR in the future.
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56
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Zheng M, Wang M. A narrative review of the roles of the miR-15/107 family in heart disease: lessons and prospects for heart disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:66. [PMID: 33553359 PMCID: PMC7859774 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. To reduce morbidity and mortality among patients with heart disease, it is important to identify drug targets and biomarkers for more effective diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are characterized as a group of endogenous, small non-coding RNAs, which function by directly inhibiting target genes. The miR-15/107 family is a group of evolutionarily conserved miRNAs comprising 10 members that share an identical motif of AGCAGC, which determines overlapping target genes and cooperation in the biological process. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the predominant dysregulation of the miR-15/107 family in cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the miR-15/107 family, focusing on its role in the regulation in the development of the heart and the progression of heart disease. We also discuss the potential of different members of the miR-15/107 family as biomarkers for diverse heart disease, as well as the current applications and challenges in the use of the miR-15/107 family in clinical trials for various disease. This paper hopes to explore the potential of the miR-15/107 family as therapeutic targets or biomarkers and to provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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57
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González-González A, García-Sánchez D, Dotta M, Rodríguez-Rey JC, Pérez-Campo FM. Mesenchymal stem cells secretome: The cornerstone of cell-free regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1529-1552. [PMID: 33505599 PMCID: PMC7789121 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most frequently used stem cells in clinical trials due to their easy isolation from various adult tissues, their ability of homing to injury sites and their potential to differentiate into multiple cell types. However, the realization that the beneficial effect of MSCs relies mainly on their paracrine action, rather than on their engraftment in the recipient tissue and subsequent differentiation, has opened the way to cell-free therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. All the soluble factors and vesicles secreted by MSCs are commonly known as secretome. MSCs secretome has a key role in cell-to-cell communication and has been proven to be an active mediator of immune-modulation and regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the use of secretome has key advantages over cell-based therapies, such as a lower immunogenicity and easy production, handling and storage. Importantly, MSCs can be modulated to alter their secretome composition to better suit specific therapeutic goals, thus, opening a large number of possibilities. Altogether these advantages now place MSCs secretome at the center of an important number of investigations in different clinical contexts, enabling rapid scientific progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto González-González
- Department of Molecular Biology_IDIVAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Daniel García-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular Biology_IDIVAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Monica Dotta
- Department of Molecular Biology_IDIVAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Cantabria, Spain
| | - José C Rodríguez-Rey
- Department of Molecular Biology_IDIVAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Flor M Pérez-Campo
- Department of Molecular Biology_IDIVAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Cantabria, Spain
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58
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Wang Q, Zhang F, Lei Y, Liu P, Liu C, Tao Y. microRNA-322/424 promotes liver fibrosis by regulating angiogenesis through targeting CUL2/HIF-1α pathway. Life Sci 2020; 266:118819. [PMID: 33333053 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects and mechanism of miR-322/424 in liver fibrosis. MAIN METHODS miR-322/424 expression in liver cirrhosis patients, mouse and rat liver fibrosis was determined by qPCR. Mice liver fibrosis was established by CCl4, and intervened by miR-322/424 agomir or antagomir. Liver hydroxyproline content and Sirius red staining were used to evaluate collagen deposition. CD31 expression was used to evaluate liver microvessel density. In vitro, the effects of miR-322/424 mimic or inhibitor on human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSECs) migration and tube formation were investigated. A dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the direct interaction between miR-322/424 and Cullin2. mRNA expression of elongin B/C, Cullin2, and RBX1 was determined by qPCR. HIF-1α protein expression was determined by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS miR-322/424 level in liver cirrhosis patients, mouse liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 and BDL, and rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 and dimethylnitrosamine was increased. miR-322/424 agomir exacerbated CCl4-induced mouse liver fibrosis, whereas the opposite effect was observed for miR-322/424 antagomir. miR-322/424 agomir significantly upregulated liver CD31 expression; opposite effects occurred with miR-322/424 antagomir. In vitro, miR-322/424 mimic significantly promoted tube formation and cell migration, and increased von Willebrand factor expression, whereas miR-322/424 inhibitor had the opposite effect. Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay identified Cullin2 as miR-322/424 target. miR-322/424 decreased the mRNA expression of elongin B/C, Cullin2, and RBX1 and increased HIF-1α protein expression in HHSECs. SIGNIFICANCE miR-322/424 plays a central role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis by targeting Cullin2, and enhancing HIF-1α-mediated hepatic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Lei
- College of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chenghai Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanyan Tao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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59
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Lu GD, Cheng P, Liu T, Wang Z. BMSC-Derived Exosomal miR-29a Promotes Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608521. [PMID: 33363169 PMCID: PMC7755650 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and osteogenesis are tightly coupled during bone modeling and remodeling processes. Here we reported that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomal miR-29a promotes angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. BMSC-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exos) can be taken up by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and promote the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs. MiRNA-29a level was high in BMSCs-Exos and can be transported into HUVECs to regulate angiogenesis. VASH1 was identified as a direct target of miR-29a, mediating the effects of BMSC-derived exosomal miR-29a on angiogenesis. More interestingly, miR29a-loaded exosomes from engineered BMSCs (miR-29a-loaded BMSCs-Exos) showed a robust ability of promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that BMSC-derived exosomal miR-29a regulates angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and miR-29a-loaded BMSCs-Exos may serve as a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, China
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Zhang TR, Huang WQ. Angiogenic Exosome-Derived microRNAs: Emerging Roles in Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 14:824-840. [PMID: 33104961 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-10082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of growing endothelial capillary cells. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are rich in miRNAs. Studies have shown that exosomes can carry communication between cells and various tissues by delivering miRNAs to their target organs and cells. It has been repeatedly proven that miRNAs regulate the expression of growth factors and other proteins in endothelial cells through paracrine signalling and participate in the physiological and pathological processes of angiogenesis. In the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, exosome-derived microRNAs can play important roles as biomarkers and drug carriers. In this review, we introduce the characteristics of miRNAs and exosomes and their interactions. Then, we specifically summarize the exosome-derived miRNAs related to angiogenesis, and we discuss the potential uses of exosome-derived miRNAs for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Rong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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Blondelle J, Biju A, Lange S. The Role of Cullin-RING Ligases in Striated Muscle Development, Function, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7936. [PMID: 33114658 PMCID: PMC7672578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-orchestrated turnover of proteins in cross-striated muscles is one of the fundamental processes required for muscle cell function and survival. Dysfunction of the intricate protein degradation machinery is often associated with development of cardiac and skeletal muscle myopathies. Most muscle proteins are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The UPS involves a number of enzymes, including E3-ligases, which tightly control which protein substrates are marked for degradation by the proteasome. Recent data reveal that E3-ligases of the cullin family play more diverse and crucial roles in cross striated muscles than previously anticipated. This review highlights some of the findings on the multifaceted functions of cullin-RING E3-ligases, their substrate adapters, muscle protein substrates, and regulatory proteins, such as the Cop9 signalosome, for the development of cross striated muscles, and their roles in the etiology of myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Blondelle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrea Biju
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stephan Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Di Palo A, Siniscalchi C, Salerno M, Russo A, Gravholt CH, Potenza N. What microRNAs could tell us about the human X chromosome. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4069-4080. [PMID: 32356180 PMCID: PMC7854456 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03526-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small-non coding RNAs endowed with great regulatory power, thus playing key roles not only in almost all physiological pathways, but also in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Surprisingly, genomic distribution analysis revealed the highest density of miRNA sequences on the X chromosome; this evolutionary conserved mammalian feature equips females with a larger miRNA machinery than males. However, miRNAs contribution to some X-related conditions, properties or functions is still poorly explored. With the aim to support and focus research in the field, this review analyzes the literature and databases about X-linked miRNAs, trying to understand how miRNAs could contribute to emerging gender-biased functions and pathological mechanisms, such as immunity and cancer. A fine map of miRNA sequences on the X chromosome is reported, and their known functions are discussed; in addition, bioinformatics functional analyses of the whole X-linked miRNA targetome (predicted and validated) were performed. The emerging scenario points to different gaps in the knowledge that should be filled with future experimental investigations, also in terms of possible implications and pathological perspectives for X chromosome aneuploidy syndromes, such as Turner and Klinefelter syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Di Palo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Chiara Siniscalchi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Mariacarolina Salerno
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Claus Højbjerg Gravholt
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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Kesidou D, da Costa Martins PA, de Windt LJ, Brittan M, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs in the Promotion of Cardiac Neovascularisation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:579892. [PMID: 33101061 PMCID: PMC7546892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.579892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide claiming almost 17. 9 million deaths annually. A primary cause is atherosclerosis within the coronary arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle resulting in myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac cell death. Despite substantial progress in the management of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is still a significant number of patients developing chronic heart failure post-MI. Recent research has been focused on promoting neovascularisation post-MI with the ultimate goal being to reduce the extent of injury and improve function in the failing myocardium. Cardiac cell transplantation studies in pre-clinical models have shown improvement in cardiac function; nonetheless, poor retention of the cells has indicated a paracrine mechanism for the observed improvement. Cell communication in a paracrine manner is controlled by various mechanisms, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs have emerged as novel regulators of intercellular communication, by transferring molecules able to influence molecular pathways in the recipient cell. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of EVs to stimulate angiogenesis by transferring microRNA (miRNA, miR) molecules to endothelial cells (ECs). In this review, we describe the process of neovascularisation and current developments in modulating neovascularisation in the heart using miRNAs and EV-bound miRNAs. Furthermore, we critically evaluate methods used in cell culture, EV isolation and administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Kesidou
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paula A. da Costa Martins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Leon J. de Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Howard Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Hosen MR, Goody PR, Zietzer A, Nickenig G, Jansen F. MicroRNAs As Master Regulators of Atherosclerosis: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Options. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:621-644. [PMID: 32408755 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence indicates that atherosclerosis and its sequelae, coronary artery disease, contribute to the majority of cardiovascular deaths. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries in which atherosclerotic plaques form within the vessel wall. Epidemiological studies have identified various risk factors for atherosclerosis, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, genetic predisposition, and sedentary lifestyle. Recent Advances: Through the advancement of genetic manipulation techniques and their use in cardiovascular biology, it was shown that small RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), are dynamic regulators of disease pathogenesis. They are considered to be central during the regulation of gene expression through numerous mechanisms and provide a means to develop biomarkers and therapeutic tools for the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis. Circulating miRNAs encapsulated within membrane-surrounded vesicles, which originate from diverse subcellular compartments, are now emerging as novel regulators of intercellular communication. The miRNAs, in both freely circulating and vesicle-bound forms, represent a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring CVD, recently termed as "liquid biopsy." Critical Issues: However, despite the recent advancements in miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics, understanding how miRNAs can regulate atherosclerosis is still crucial to achieving an effective intervention and reducing the disease burden. Future Directions: We provide a landscape of the current developmental progression of RNA therapeutics as a holistic approach for treating CVD in different animal models and clinical trials. Future interrogations are warranted for the development of miRNA-based therapeutics to overcome challenges for the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rabiul Hosen
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Cardiology, Heart Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Roger Goody
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Cardiology, Heart Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Zietzer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Cardiology, Heart Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Cardiology, Heart Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Jansen
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Cardiology, Heart Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Liu J, Zhao H, Zhang Q, Shi Z, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Ren Y, Ou R, Xu Y. Human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein-induced upregulation of lysine-specific demethylase 5A promotes cervical cancer progression by regulating the microRNA-424-5p/suppressor of zeste 12 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112277. [PMID: 32918895 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and viral protein expression cause several epigenetic alterations that lead to cervical carcinogenesis. Our previous study identified that upregulated lysine-specific demethylase (KDM) 2 A promotes cervical cancer progression by inhibiting mircoRNA (miR)-132 function. However, the roles of histone methylation modifiers in HPV-related cervical cancer remain unclear. In the present study, changes in the expression of 48 histone methylation modifiers were assessed following knockdown of HPV16 E6/E7 in CaSki cells. The dysregulated expression of KDM5A was identified, and its function in cervical cancer was investigated in vitro and in vivo. E7 oncoprotein-induced upregulation of KDM5A promoted cervical cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness in vitro and in vivo, which was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer. KDM5A was found to physically interact with the promoter region of miR-424-5p, and to suppress its expression by removing the tri- and di-methyl groups from H3K4 at the miR-424-5p locus. Furthermore, miR-424-5p repressed cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness by targeting suppressor of zeste 12 (Suz12). KDM5A upregulation promoted cervical cancer progression by repressing miR-424-5p, which resulted in a decrease in Suz12. Therefore, KDM5A functions as a tumor activator in cervical cancer pathogenesis by binding to the miR-424-5p promoter and inhibiting its tumor-suppressive function. These results indicate a function for KDM5A in cervical cancer progression and suggest its candidacy as a novel prognostic biomarker and target for the clinical management of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Center, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Hongqin Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhengzheng Shi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Rongying Ou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China.
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
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66
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Wang Y, Qi Y, Ji T, Tang B, Li X, Zheng P, Bai S. Circ_LARP4 regulates high glucose-induced cell proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrosis in mouse mesangial cells. Gene 2020; 765:145114. [PMID: 32891769 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of circ_LARP4 in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, mouse mesangial cells (SV40-MES13) were cultured with 30 mM glucose to establish a DN cellular model. The qRT-PCR results indicated that circ_LARP4 expression was downregulated in the DN cellular model compared to that in the control cells. As determined by an MTT assay, circ_LARP4 overexpression via the circ_LARP4 overexpression (OE) plasmids inhibited the cell proliferation rate. As determined by an Annexin V/PI kit and flow cytometry, circ_LARP4 overexpression increased the cell apoptosis rate. As measured by Western blot, circ_LARP4 overexpression enhanced BAX expression but reduced Bcl-2 expression, also suggesting an enhancement of cell apoptosis. Moreover, regarding cell fibrosis, circ_LARP4 overexpression reduced the mRNA levels of fibrosis markers, including fibronectin, collagen I and collagen IV. Interestingly, miR-424 was found to be reduced in the DN cellular model after transfection with the circ_LARP4 OE plasmids. In addition, restoration of miR-424 expression with the miR-424 mimics reversed the negative effects of circ_LARP4 overexpression on cell proliferation and fibrosis. In conclusion, circ_LARP4 was lower in the DN cellular model than in normal cells, and circ_LARP4 overexpression resulted in decreased cell proliferation and cell fibrosis but increased cell apoptosis in the DN cellular model by sponging miR-424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, PR China
| | - Yinghui Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District. 279 Linyi Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, PR China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, PR China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, PR China
| | - Pengxi Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, PR China
| | - Shoujun Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. 1158 Gongyuan East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai 201700, PR China.
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67
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Ou R, Lv M, Liu X, Lv J, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Li X, Li W, Zhao L, Li J, Ren Y, Xu Y. HPV16 E6 oncoprotein-induced upregulation of lncRNA GABPB1-AS1 facilitates cervical cancer progression by regulating miR-519e-5p/Notch2 axis. FASEB J 2020; 34:13211-13223. [PMID: 32844486 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000762r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses 16 (HPV16) is the primary causative agent of cervical cancer (CC). E6 oncoprotein plays a crucial role in cervical carcinogenesis and commonly cause the dysregulation of the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression. However, the biological function of lncRNAs in HPV16-related CC remains largely unexplored. In the present study HPV16 E6-induced differential expression of lncRNAs, miRNA, and mRNA were identified using microarray-based analysis and verified in tumor r cell lines and tumor tissues, and the function of lncRNA in CC was investigated in vitro and in vivo. We found that an lncRNA, named GABPB1-AS1, was significantly upregulated in HPV16-positive CC tissues and cell lines. GABPB1-AS1 expression in HPV16-positive CC tissues was positively associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and FIGO stage. High expression of GABPB1-AS1 was correlated with a poor prognosis for HPV16-positive CC patients. Functionally, E6-induced GABPB1-AS1 overexpression facilitated CC cells proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, GABPB1-AS1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-519e-5p, resulting in the de-repression of its target gene Notch2 which is well known as an oncogene. Therefore, GABPB1-AS1 functioned as a tumor activator in CC pathogenesis by binding to miR-519e-5p and destroying its tumor suppressive function. Collectively, current results demonstrate that GABPB1-AS1 is associated with CC progression, and may be a promising biomarker or target for the clinical management of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongying Ou
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institutes of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mingfen Lv
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiangmin Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinduo Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institutes of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institutes of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institutes of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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68
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Sun X, Lv X, Yan Y, Zhao Y, Ma R, He M, Wei M. Hypoxia-mediated cancer stem cell resistance and targeted therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110623. [PMID: 32791395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of tumors, which easily lead to relapse or poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regarded as one of the important targets that mediate tumor resistance. Increasing evidence shows that the tumor hypoxia microenvironment is closely related to the resistance of CSCs to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we intend to review the articles that have described how the hypoxic microenvironment affects CSC stemness and mediates tumor resistance and provide new directions and methods in the clinical treatment of tumors. Here, we also discuss the feasibility and development prospects of using hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that regulate the hypoxic microenvironment of tumors as targeted agents to treat tumors, as well as to reduce or even reverse the resistance of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Xuemei Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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69
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Ding MH, Lozoya EG, Rico RN, Chew SA. The Role of Angiogenesis-Inducing microRNAs in Vascular Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1283-1302. [PMID: 32762306 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important process in tissue repair and regeneration as blood vessels are integral to supply nutrients to a functioning tissue. In this review, the application of microRNAs (miRNAs) or anti-miRNAs that can induce angiogenesis to aid in blood vessel formation for vascular tissue engineering in ischemic diseases such as peripheral arterial disease and stroke, cardiac diseases, and skin and bone tissue engineering is discussed. Endothelial cells (ECs) form the endothelium of the blood vessel and are recognized as the primary cell type that drives angiogenesis and studied in the applications that were reviewed. Besides ECs, mesenchymal stem cells can also play a pivotal role in these applications, specifically, by secreting growth factors or cytokines for paracrine signaling and/or as constituent cells in the new blood vessel formed. In addition to delivering miRNAs or cells transfected/transduced with miRNAs for angiogenesis and vascular tissue engineering, the utilization of extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, microvesicles, and EVs collectively, has been more recently explored. Proangiogenic miRNAs and anti-miRNAs contribute to angiogenesis by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of targets to upregulate proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and increase the transduction of VEGF signaling through the PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways such as phosphatase and tensin homolog or regulating the signaling of other pathways important for angiogenesis such as the Notch signaling pathway and the pathway to produce nitric oxide. In conclusion, angiogenesis-inducing miRNAs and anti-miRNAs are promising tools for vascular tissue engineering for several applications; however, future work should emphasize optimizing the delivery and usage of these therapies as miRNAs can also be associated with the negative implications of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Hui Ding
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Eloy G Lozoya
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Rene N Rico
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Sue Anne Chew
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
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70
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Nazari-Shafti TZ, Neuber S, Garcia Duran A, Xu Z, Beltsios E, Seifert M, Falk V, Stamm C. Human mesenchymal stromal cells and derived extracellular vesicles: Translational strategies to increase their proangiogenic potential for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:1558-1569. [PMID: 32761804 PMCID: PMC7695640 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) offer great potential for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. Studies have revealed that the efficacy of MSCs is mainly attributed to their capacity to secrete numerous trophic factors that promote angiogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and modulate the immune response. There is growing evidence that MSC‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing a cargo of lipids, proteins, metabolites, and RNAs play a key role in this paracrine mechanism. In particular, encapsulated microRNAs have been identified as important positive regulators of angiogenesis in pathological settings of insufficient blood supply to the heart, thus opening a new path for the treatment of CVD. In the present review, we discuss the current knowledge related to the proangiogenic potential of MSCs and MSC‐derived EVs as well as methods to enhance their biological activities for improved cardiac tissue repair. Increasing our understanding of mechanisms supporting angiogenesis will help optimize future approaches to CVD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Z Nazari-Shafti
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Neuber
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Garcia Duran
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhiyi Xu
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eleftherios Beltsios
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Seifert
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christof Stamm
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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71
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Shi L, Tao C, Tang Y, Xia Y, Li X, Wang X. Hypoxia-induced hsa_circ_0000826 is linked to liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23405. [PMID: 32633429 PMCID: PMC7521269 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background hsa_circ_0000826 has been previously linked to CRC through the competing endogenous RNA network; however, the upstream driver of hsa_circ_0000826 elevation remains unknown. In this study, we aim to elucidate the effect of hypoxia‐induced hsa_circ_0000826 on CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis. Methods RNA scope assay was used to evaluate the expression of hsa_circ_0000826 in CRC cells under hypoxia condition. The effects of hsa_circ_0000826 on phenotypes of CRC cells were evaluated through cell migration and invasion assay. The nude, AOM‐DSS model mice and APCMin/+ mice were used to investigate the relationship between circ_0000826, hypoxia, and CRC in mice. A total of 100 CRC tissue samples, as well as the paired adjacent tissues, were collected, and qRT‐PCR assay was used to detect the expression of hsa_circ_0000826 in these samples. Results Hypoxia‐induced hsa_circ_0000826 overexpression can increase the malignant phenotypes, tumor formation, and metastasis capability of CRC cells in vitro. mmu_circ_0000826 levels were significantly increased in the CRC tissues from AOM‐DSS and APC mice model under hypoxia conditions. Further, the hypoxia‐induced upregulation of mmu_circ_0000826 can also promote CRC tumorigenesis and liver metastasis in vivo. The expression of hsa_circ_0000826 in serum was significantly increased in CRC tissues in 100‐pair of CRC and according to the adjacent normal tissues by qRT‐PCR assays. Moreover, the expression levels of hsa_circ_0000826 in serum of patient with liver metastasis were significantly increased than those without metastasis. Conclusion Our results suggested that hsa_circ_0000826 was induced by the hypoxia in CRC, which can be a potential biomarker of CRC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengzhe Tao
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yining Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongxiang Xia
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangcheng Li
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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72
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Bustelo M, Barkhuizen M, van den Hove DLA, Steinbusch HWM, Bruno MA, Loidl CF, Gavilanes AWD. Clinical Implications of Epigenetic Dysregulation in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage. Front Neurol 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 32582011 PMCID: PMC7296108 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental and fetal hypoxia caused by perinatal hypoxic-ischemic events are major causes of stillbirth, neonatal morbidity, and long-term neurological sequelae among surviving neonates. Brain hypoxia and associated pathological processes such as excitotoxicity, apoptosis, necrosis, and inflammation, are associated with lasting disruptions in epigenetic control of gene expression contributing to neurological dysfunction. Recent studies have pointed to DNA (de)methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs as crucial components of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The understanding of epigenetic dysregulation in HIE is essential in the development of new clinical interventions for perinatal HIE. Here, we summarize our current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms underlying the molecular pathology of HI brain damage and its clinical implications in terms of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Bustelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melinda Barkhuizen
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel L A van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harry Wilhelm M Steinbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martín A Bruno
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
| | - C Fabián Loidl
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonio W Danilo Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación de Salud Integral, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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73
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Nammian P, Razban V, Tabei SMB, Asadi-Yousefabad SL. MicroRNA-126: Dual Role in Angiogenesis Dependent Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4883-4893. [PMID: 32364067 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200504120737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-126, a microRNA implicated in blood vessel integrity and angiogenesis is significantly up/down regulated in different physiological and pathological conditions related to angiogenesis such as cardiovascular formation and angiogenesis dependent diseases. MicroRNA-126 plays a critical role in angiogenesis via regulating the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis of angiogenesis related cells such as endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to investigate the molecular mechanisms and the effects of microRNA-126 on the process of angiogenesis in pathophysiological conditions. METHODS To conduct this review, related articles published between 2001 and 2019 were collected from the PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and Scientific Information Database using search terms such as microRNA-126, angiogenesis, cardiovascular disorders, hypoxia, VEFG-A, endothelial cells, VEGF pathway, and gene silencing. Then, the qualified articles were reviewed. RESULTS MicroRNA-126 regulates the response of endothelial cells to VEGF, through directly repressing multiple targets, including Sprouty-related EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (SPRED1) and phosphoinositol-3 kinase regulatory subunit 2 (PIK3R2/p85-b). MicroRNA-126 -3p and microRNA-126 -5p have cell-type and strandspecific functions and also various targets in angiogenesis that lead to the regulation of angiogenesis via different pathways and consequently diverse responses. CONCLUSION MicroRNA-126 can bind to multiple targets and potentially be both positive and negative regulators of gene expression. Thus, microRNA-126 could cause the opposite biological effects depending on the context. As a result, understanding the different cellular pathways through which microRNA-126 regulates angiogenesis in various situations is a critical aspect in the development of novel and effective treatments for diseases with insufficient angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Nammian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Razban
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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74
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Penso-Dolfin L, Haerty W, Hindle A, Di Palma F. microRNA profiling in the Weddell seal suggests novel regulatory mechanisms contributing to diving adaptation. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:303. [PMID: 32293246 PMCID: PMC7158035 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) represents a remarkable example of adaptation to diving among marine mammals. This species is capable of diving > 900 m deep and remaining underwater for more than 60 min. A number of key physiological specializations have been identified, including the low levels of aerobic, lipid-based metabolism under hypoxia, significant increase in oxygen storage in blood and muscle; high blood volume and extreme cardiovascular control. These adaptations have been linked to increased abundance of key proteins, suggesting an important, yet still understudied role for gene reprogramming. In this study, we investigate the possibility that post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) has contributed to the adaptive evolution of diving capacities in the Weddell Seal. Results Using small RNA data across 4 tissues (brain, heart, muscle and plasma), in 3 biological replicates, we generate the first miRNA annotation in this species, consisting of 559 high confidence, manually curated miRNA loci. Evolutionary analyses of miRNA gain and loss highlight a high number of Weddell seal specific miRNAs. Four hundred sixteen miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) among tissues, whereas 80 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) across all tissues between pups and adults and age differences for specific tissues were detected in 188 miRNAs. mRNA targets of these altered miRNAs identify possible protective mechanisms in individual tissues, particularly relevant to hypoxia tolerance, anti-apoptotic pathways, and nitric oxide signal transduction. Novel, lineage-specific miRNAs associated with developmental changes target genes with roles in angiogenesis and vasoregulatory signaling. Conclusions Altogether, we provide an overview of miRNA composition and evolution in the Weddell seal, and the first insights into their possible role in the specialization to diving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Penso-Dolfin
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR47UZ, UK. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Wilfried Haerty
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR47UZ, UK
| | - Allyson Hindle
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Federica Di Palma
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR47UZ, UK
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75
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Peters MM, Sampaio-Pinto V, da Costa Martins PA. Non-coding RNAs in endothelial cell signalling and hypoxia during cardiac regeneration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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76
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Preeclampsia: The Interplay Between Oxygen-Sensitive miRNAs and Erythropoietin. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020574. [PMID: 32093169 PMCID: PMC7073952 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the oxygen partial pressure caused by a violation of uteroplacental perfusion are considered a powerful inducer of a cascade of reactions leading to the clinical manifestation of preeclampsia (PE). At the same time, the induction of oxygen-dependent molecule expression, in particular, miRNA and erythropoietin, is modulated. Therefore, the focus of our study was aimed at estimating the miRNA expression profile of placental tissue and blood plasma in pregnant women with preeclampsia using deep sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR, as well as determining the concentration of erythropoietin. The expression of miR-27b-3p, miR-92b-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-186-5p, as regulated by hypoxia/reoxygenation, was significantly increased in blood plasma during early-onset preeclampsia. The possibility of detecting early PE according to the logistic regression model (miR-92b-3p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-181a-5p (AUC = 0.91)) was evaluated. Furthermore, the erythropoietin level, which is regulated by miR-125b-5p, was significantly increased. According to PANTHER14.1, the participation of these miRNAs in the regulation of pathways, such as the hypoxia’s response via HIF activation, oxidative stress response, angiogenesis, and the VEGF signaling pathway, were determined.
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77
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Jana P, Acharya K. Mushroom: A New Resource for Anti-Angiogenic Therapeutics. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1721529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Jana
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India
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78
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LncRNA RUNX1-IT1 which is downregulated by hypoxia-driven histone deacetylase 3 represses proliferation and cancer stem-like properties in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:95. [PMID: 32024815 PMCID: PMC7002583 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterised by a hypoxic microenvironment and a high rate of heterogeneity and recurrence, and the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in HCC may well explain both of these pathological properties. There is mounting evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in carcinogenesis and maintain cancer stemness of HCC cells. However, the expression modes, regulatory mechanisms and potential roles of stemness-related lncRNAs in HCC are still obscure. LncRNA RUNX1-IT1 is the intronic transcript 1 of the RUNX1, which is also known as chromosome 21 open-reading frame 96 (C21orF96). Although the functions of the RUNX1 have been identified in different diseases, the function and its potential mechanisms of the lncRNA RUNX1-IT1 in HCC still remains to be largely unknown. In this study, we verified that the expression of LncRNA RUNX1-IT1 was decreased in GEO data set, HCC samples and correlated with unfavourable clinicopathologic characteristics and poor prognosis. RUNX1-IT1 repressed HCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion and cancer stemness and induced apoptosis in vitro. Overexpression of RUNX1-IT1 impaired the growth, metastasis and stem-like features of HCC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, RUNX1-IT1 directly bound to miR-632 and acted as competing endogenous RNA to facilitate the expression of the miR-632 target gene GSK-3β and subsequently modulate the WNT/β-catenin pathway in HCC cells. Furthermore, hypoxia-driven histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), as an upstream regulatory mechanism, was critical for the downregulation of RUNX1-IT1 in HCC. Thus, lncRNA RUNX1-IT1, as a regulator of hypoxia, may function as a potential therapeutic target for conquering HCC.
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79
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Wu L, Xi Y, Kong Q. Dexmedetomidine protects PC12 cells from oxidative damage through regulation of miR-199a/HIF-1α. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:506-514. [PMID: 32024386 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1716780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yalin Xi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Qinglong Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
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80
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Rosano S, Corà D, Parab S, Zaffuto S, Isella C, Porporato R, Hoza RM, Calogero RA, Riganti C, Bussolino F, Noghero A. A regulatory microRNA network controls endothelial cell phenotypic switch during sprouting angiogenesis. eLife 2020; 9:48095. [PMID: 31976858 PMCID: PMC7299339 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis requires the temporal coordination of the proliferation and the migration of endothelial cells. Here, we investigated the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in harmonizing angiogenesis processes in a three-dimensional in vitro model. We described a microRNA network which contributes to the observed down- and upregulation of proliferative and migratory genes, respectively. Global analysis of miRNA-target gene interactions identified two sub-network modules, the first organized in upregulated miRNAs connected with downregulated target genes and the second with opposite features. miR-424-5p and miR-29a-3p were selected for the network validation. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches targeting these microRNAs impaired angiogenesis, suggesting that these modules are instrumental to the temporal coordination of endothelial migration and proliferation. Interestingly, miR-29a-3p and its targets belong to a selective biomarker that is able to identify colorectal cancer patients who are responding to anti-angiogenic treatments. Our results provide a view of higher-order interactions in angiogenesis that has potential to provide diagnostic and therapeutic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Rosano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Davide Corà
- Department of Translational Medicine, Piemonte Orientale University, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases - CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Sushant Parab
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Serena Zaffuto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Claudio Isella
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Roxana Maria Hoza
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Raffaele A Calogero
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alessio Noghero
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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81
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Yang Y, Qu A, Wu Q, Zhang X, Wang L, Li C, Dong Z, Du L, Wang C. Prognostic value of a hypoxia-related microRNA signature in patients with colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:35-52. [PMID: 31926112 PMCID: PMC6977676 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia has been particularly associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Recent studies have suggested that hypoxia-related miRNAs play a critical role in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we found 52 differentially expressed miRNAs in HT-29 cells under hypoxic conditions versus normoxic conditions by analyzing the profiles of miRNAs. Using Cox model, we developed a hypoxia-related miRNA signature consisting of four miRNAs, which could successfully discriminate high-risk patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) training cohort (n=381). The prognostic value of this signature was further confirmed in the TCGA testing cohort (n=190) and an independent validation cohort composed of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded clinical CRC samples (n=220), respectively. Multivariable Cox regression and stratified survival analysis revealed this signature was an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of this signature was significantly larger than that of any other clinical risk factors or single miRNA alone. A nomogram was constructed for clinical use, which incorporated both the miRNA signature and clinical risk factors and performed well in the calibration plots. Collectively, this novel hypoxia-related miRNA signature was an independent prognostic factor, and it possessed a stronger predictive power in identifying high-risk CRC patients than currently used clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Marker Translational Medicine, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ailin Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Marker Translational Medicine, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Marker Translational Medicine, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Marker Translational Medicine, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaogang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Marker Translational Medicine, Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
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82
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Pérez-Cremades D, Cheng HS, Feinberg MW. Noncoding RNAs in Critical Limb Ischemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:523-533. [PMID: 31893949 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease, caused by chronic arterial occlusion of the lower extremities, affects over 200 million people worldwide. Peripheral artery disease can progress into critical limb ischemia (CLI), its more severe manifestation, which is associated with higher risk of limb amputation and cardiovascular death. Aiming to improve tissue perfusion, therapeutic angiogenesis held promise to improve ischemic limbs using delivery of growth factors but has not successfully translated into benefits for patients. Moreover, accumulating studies suggest that impaired downstream signaling of these growth factors (or angiogenic resistance) may significantly contribute to CLI, particularly under harsh environments, such as diabetes mellitus. Noncoding RNAs are essential regulators of gene expression that control a range of pathophysiologies relevant to CLI, including angiogenesis/arteriogenesis, hypoxia, inflammation, stem/progenitor cells, and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize the role of noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, as functional mediators or biomarkers in the pathophysiology of CLI. A better understanding of these ncRNAs in CLI may provide opportunities for new targets in the prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of this disabling disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-Cremades
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.P.-C., H.S.C., M.W.F.).,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spain (D.P.-C.)
| | - Henry S Cheng
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.P.-C., H.S.C., M.W.F.)
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.P.-C., H.S.C., M.W.F.)
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83
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Khani-Habibabadi F, Askari S, Zahiri J, Javan M, Behmanesh M. Novel BDNF-regulatory microRNAs in neurodegenerative disorders pathogenesis: An in silico study. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 83:107153. [PMID: 31751881 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.107153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor with various roles in the central nervous system neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and axonal guide. By attaching to Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor, this protein triggers downstream signaling pathways which lead to cellular growth, proliferation, survival, and neuroplasticity. Deregulation at mRNA level is involved in various central nervous system disorders including, Huntington, Alzheimer's, Multiple Sclerosis, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis diseases. Considering the importance of BDNF functions, deciphering the regulatory mechanisms controlling BDNF expression level could pave the way to develop more accurate and efficient treatments for neurological diseases. Among different regulatory systems, microRNAs (miRNAs) play prominent roles by targeting genes 3' untranslated regions. In this study, 127 validated and bioinformatic-predicted miRNAs with potentially regulatory roles in BDNF expression were analyzed. Various aspects of miRNAsö possible functions were assessed by bioinformatic online tools to find their potential regulatory functions in signaling pathways, neurological disorders, expression of transcription factors and miRNAs sponge. Analyzed data led to introduce 5 newly reported miRNAs that could regulate BDNF expression level. Finally, high throughput sequencing data from different brain regions and neurological disorders were analyzed to measure correlation of candidate miRNAs with BDNF level in experimental studies. In this study, a list of novel miRNAs with possible regulatory roles in BDNF expression level involving in different neurological disorders was introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khani-Habibabadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Askari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Zahiri
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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84
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Chien CW, Lo YS, Wu HY, Hsuan Y, Lin CK, Chen YJ, Lin W, Han CL. Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived from Umbilical Cord in the Study of Preterm Birth. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 14:e1900024. [PMID: 31520560 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great therapeutic potential in morbidities associated with preterm birth. However, the molecular expressions of MSCs in preterm birth infants are not systematically evaluated. In this study, the dual-omics analyses of umbilical-cord (UC)-derived MSCs to identify the dysregulated cellular functions are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS The UC-MSCs are collected from ten full-term and eight preterm birth infants for microarray and iTRAQ-based proteome profiling. RESULTS The integrative analysis of dual-omics data discovered 5615 commonly identified genes/proteins of which 29 genes/proteins show consistent up- or downregulation in preterm birth. The Gene Ontology analysis reveals that dysregulation of mitochondrial translation and cellular response to oxidative stress are mainly enriched in 290 differential expression proteins (DEPs) while the 412 differential expression genes (DEGs) are majorly involved in single-organism biosynthetic process, cellular response to stress, and mitotic cell cycle in preterm birth. Besides, a 13-protein module involving CUL2 and CUL3 is identified, which plays an important role in cullin-RING-based ubiquitin ligase complex, as potential mechanism for preterm birth. CONCLUSION The dual-omics data not only provide new insights to the molecular mechanism but also identify panel of candidate markers associated with preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Chien
- Research and Development Division, Meribank Biotech Co. Ltd., Taipei, 11493, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Lo
- Research and Development Division, Meribank Biotech Co. Ltd., Taipei, 11493, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wu
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yogi Hsuan
- Meridigen Biotech Co. Ltd., Taipei, 11493, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kang Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Willie Lin
- Meridigen Biotech Co. Ltd., Taipei, 11493, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
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85
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Chin JS, Madden L, Chew SY, Becker DL. Drug therapies and delivery mechanisms to treat perturbed skin wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 149-150:2-18. [PMID: 30959068 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute wound healing is an orderly process of four overlapping events: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling. A drug delivery system with a temporal control of release could promote each of these events sequentially. However, acute wound healing normally proceeds very well in healthy individuals and there is little need to promote it. In the elderly and diabetics however, healing is often slow and wounds can become chronic and we need to promote their healing. Targeting the events of acute wound healing would not be appropriate for a chronic wound, which have stalled in the proinflammatory phase. They also have many additional problems such as poor circulation, low oxygen, high levels of leukocytes, high reactive oxygen species, high levels of proteolytic enzymes, high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, bacterial infection and high pH. The future challenge will be to tackle each of these negative factors to create a wound environment conducive to healing.
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86
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Tsai SH, Huang PH, Tsai HY, Hsu YJ, Chen YW, Wang JC, Chen YH, Lin SJ. Roles of the hypoximir microRNA-424/322 in acute hypoxia and hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular leakage. FASEB J 2019; 33:12565-12575. [PMID: 31461385 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900564rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute mountain sickness (AMS) occurs in up to 25% of unacclimatized persons who ascend to 3000 m and can result in high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). MicroRNAs (miRs) can regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Hypoxia selectively disrupts endothelial tight junction complexes through a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-dependent mechanism. Though increased HIF-1α expression is associated with adaptation and protection from AMS development in the early stage of hypoxia, a downstream effector of HIF-1α, VEGF, can induce overzealous endothelial barrier dysfunction, increase vascular permeability, and ultimately result in HAPE and high-altitude cerebral edema. We hypothesized that the fine-tuning of downstream effectors by miRs is paramount for the preservation of endothelial barrier integrity and the prevention of vascular leakage. We found that several miRs were up-regulated in healthy volunteers who were subjected to a 3100-m height. By reviewing the literature and using online bioinformatics prediction software, we specifically selected miR-424 for further investigation because it can modulate both HIF-1α and VEGF. Hypoxia-induced miR-424 overexpression is HIF-1α dependent, and miR-424 stabilized HIF-1α, decreased VEGF expression, and promoted vascular endothelial cadherin phosphorylation. In addition, hypoxia resulted in endothelial barrier dysfunction with increased permeability; miR-424 thus attenuated hypoxia-induced endothelial cell senescence and apoptosis. miR-322 knockout mice were susceptible to hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular leakage. miR-322 mimics improved hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular leakage in vivo. We conclude that several miRs were up-regulated in healthy adult volunteers subjected to hypobaric hypoxemia. miR-424/322 could modulate the HIF-1α-VEGF axis and prevent hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular leakage under hypoxic conditions.-Tsai, S.-H., Huang, P.-H., Tsai, H.-Y., Hsu, Y.-J., Chen, Y.-W., Wang, J.-C., Chen, Y.-H., Lin, S.-J. Roles of the hypoximir microRNA-424/322 in acute hypoxia and hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ya Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Juei Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsin Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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87
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Lalem T, Devaux Y. Circulating microRNAs to predict heart failure after acute myocardial infarction in women. Clin Biochem 2019; 70:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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88
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Lin M, Zhu L, Wang J, Xue Y, Shang X. miR-424-5p maybe regulate blood-brain barrier permeability in a model in vitro with Abeta incubated endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:525-531. [PMID: 31375213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD patients and in animal models is changed. However, the mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we found that miR-424-5p was upregulated in Abeta-incubated microvascular endothelial cells. TEER and HRP exudation tests showed that miR-424-5p silencing significantly decreased BBB permeability in vitro BBB model with Abeta-incubated. MiR-424-5p silencing upregulated expression of the tight junction proteins, ZO-1 and occludin in Abeta-incubated microvascular endothelial cells. Furthermore, dual luciferase reporter gene assay results confirmed the presence of a potential binding site for miR-424-5p on the 3'UTR of Endophilin-1. Endophilin-1 was down-regulated in Abeta-incubated endothelial cells in which miR-424-5p was silenced. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that miR-424-5p could affect the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) via Endophilin-1 and thereby maybe regulate BBB permeability in an BBB model in vitro with Abeta incubated endothelial cells. MiR-424-5p may thus serve as a protective target for AD and provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Lin
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jirui Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shengyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Shang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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89
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Zeng Z, Xu FY, Zheng H, Cheng P, Chen QY, Ye Z, Zhong JX, Deng SJ, Liu ML, Huang K, Li Q, Li W, Hu YH, Wang F, Wang CY, Zhao G. LncRNA-MTA2TR functions as a promoter in pancreatic cancer via driving deacetylation-dependent accumulation of HIF-1α. Theranostics 2019; 9:5298-5314. [PMID: 31410216 PMCID: PMC6691583 DOI: 10.7150/thno.34559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Hypoxia has been proved to contribute to aggressive phenotype of cancers, while functional and regulatory mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the contribution of hypoxia on pancreatic cancer (PC) tumorigenesis is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to uncover the regulatory and functional roles for hypoxia-induced lncRNA-MTA2TR (MTA2 transcriptional regulator RNA, AF083120.1) in the regulation of PC tumorigenesis. Methods: A lncRNA microarray confirmed MTA2TR expression in tissues of PC patients. The effects of MTA2TR on proliferation and metastasis of PC cells and xenograft models were determined, and the key mechanisms by which MTA2TR promotes PC were further dissected. Furthermore, the expression and regulation of MTA2TR under hypoxic conditions in PC cells were assessed. We also assessed the correlation between MTA2TR expression and PC patient clinical outcomes. Results: We found that metastasis associated protein 2 (MTA2) transcriptional regulator lncRNA (MTA2TR) was overexpressed in PC patient tissues relative to paired noncancerous tissues. Furthermore, we found that depletion of MTA2TR significantly inhibited PC cell proliferation and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. We further demonstrated that MTA2TR transcriptionally upregulates MTA2 expression by recruiting activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) to the promoter area of MTA2. Consequentially, MTA2 can stabilize the HIF-1α protein via deacetylation, which further activates HIF-1α transcriptional activity. Interestingly, our results revealed that MTA2TR is transcriptionally regulated by HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. Our clinical samples further indicated that the overexpression of MTA2TR was correlated with MTA2 upregulation, as well as with reduced overall survival (OS) in PC patients. Conclusions: These results suggest that feedback between MTA2TR and HIF-1α may play a key role in regulating PC tumorigenesis, thus potentially highlighting novel avenues PC treatment.
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90
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Su Y, Chen Z, Du H, Liu R, Wang W, Li H, Ning B. Silencing miR-21 induces polarization of astrocytes to the A2 phenotype and improves the formation of synapses by targeting glypican 6 via the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 pathway after acute ischemic spinal cord injury. FASEB J 2019; 33:10859-10871. [PMID: 31266356 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900743r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic spinal cord injury (ISCI) results in the motor sensory dysfunction of the limbs below the injury site. In response to the injury, astrocytes develop into neuroprotective astrocytes [(neurotrophic reactive astrocytes (A2s)] to mitigate the damage. MicroRNA (miR)-21 can promote the development of neuroinflammation in previous studies. Our aim was to investigate the effect of miR-21 on its polarization. We used the abdominal aortic occlusion model in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the distribution of A2s in the spinal cord. We used an oxygen glucose deprivation method to model astrocytes ischemia in vitro and tested proliferation, migration, and excitability of A2s using an 5-ethynyl -2'-deoxyuridine kit, wound scratch assay, and calcium-ion probe. After adjustment, we detected the model and target genes of A2s using PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. We demonstrated in vivo that naive astrocytes were transformed into A2s by ischemia. And in vitro miR-21, which can regulate the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 pathway, can transform neurotoxic reactive astrocyte into A2. Moreover, we also verified the mechanism of A2s promoting synaptic formation and nerve growth. miR-21 is a switch to regulate the polarization of reactive astrocyte, and it promoted synapsis formation and nerites growth after acute ISCI.-Su, Y., Chen, Z., Du, H., Liu, R., Wang, W., Li, H., Ning, B. Silencing miR-21 induces polarization of astrocytes to the A2 phenotype and improves the formation of synapses by targeting glypican 6 via the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 pathway after acute ischemic spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Su
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ronghan Liu
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Ning
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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91
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Mellis D, Caporali A. MicroRNA regulation of vascular function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 1:H41-H46. [PMID: 32923952 PMCID: PMC7439840 DOI: 10.1530/vb-19-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that orchestrate genetic networks by modulating gene expression. Given their importance in vascular development, homeostasis and diseases, along with the technical feasibility in deploying their function in vivo, the so-called ‘vascular miRNAs’ have become key targets for therapeutic intervention. Herein, we have summarised the state-of-the-art on vascular miRNAs and we have discussed the role miRNA biogenesis and the extracellular vesicles (EVs) miRNA transport in vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mellis
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrea Caporali
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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92
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Chen K, Ma Y, Wu S, Zhuang Y, Liu X, Lv L, Zhang G. Construction and analysis of a lncRNA‑miRNA‑mRNA network based on competitive endogenous RNA reveals functional lncRNAs in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1393-1403. [PMID: 31173240 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of mortality in patients with diabetes, particularly those with type 2 diabetes. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including terminal differentiation‑induced lncRNA (TINCR), myocardial infarction‑associated transcript (MIAT) and H19, serve a key role in the regulation of DCM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) can inhibit the expression of mRNA at the post‑transcriptional level, whereas lncRNAs can mask the inhibitory effects of miRNAs on mRNA. Together, miRNAs and lncRNAs form a competitive endogenous non‑coding RNA (ceRNA) network that regulates the occurrence and development of various diseases. However, the regulatory role of lncRNAs in DCM is unclear. In this study, a background network containing mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs was constructed using starBase and a regulatory network of DCM was screened using Cytoscape. A functional lncRNA, X‑inactive specific transcript (XIST), was identified in the disease network and the main miRNAs (miR‑424‑5p and miR‑497‑5p) that are regulated by XIST were further screened to obtain the ceRNA regulatory network of DCM. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed that lncRNAs may serve an important role in DCM and provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yunci Ma
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyu Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Zhuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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93
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Ishikawa M, Osaki M, Yamagishi M, Onuma K, Ito H, Okada F, Endo H. Correlation of two distinct metastasis-associated proteins, MTA1 and S100A4, in angiogenesis for promoting tumor growth. Oncogene 2019; 38:4715-4728. [PMID: 30745574 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies on metastasis-associated proteins, S100A4 and MTA1, have been carried out for over two decades, but correlation of both proteins remains obscure. Here we show evidence for the correlation in angiogenesis. First, silencing of each protein by siRNA-mediated knockdown in mouse endothelial MSS31 cells resulted in the inhibition of tube formation. Unexpectedly, the knockdown of MTA1 affected not only its own expression but also the expression of S100A4, whereas silencing of S100A4 did not affect the MTA1 expression. Additionally, non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) phosphorylation, which was partly controlled by S100A4, was found to be upregulated by knockdown of both proteins in MSS31 cells. Moreover, cycloheximide treatment of MSS31 cells revealed that the rate of S100A4 degradation was accelerated by MTA1 knockdown. This finding, together with our observation that cytoplasmic MTA1, but not nuclear MTA1, was colocalized with S100A4, suggested the involvement of MTA1 in S100A4 stability. The direct in vivo angiogenesis assay showed that both protein siRNAs provoked a significant inhibition of new blood vessel formation induced by angiogenic factors, indicating their anti-angiogenic activities. Treatment of human pancreatic tumor (PANC-1) xenograft in mice with mMTA1 siRNA resulted in tumor regression via suppression of angiogenesis in vivo, as also observed in the case of human prostate cancer xenograft treated with mS100A4 siRNA. Taken together, these data led us to conclude that the MTA1-S100A4-NMIIA axis exists in endothelial cells as a novel pathway in promoting tumor vascular formation and could be a target for suppressing tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Ishikawa
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Osaki
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
- Chromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamagishi
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kunishige Onuma
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hisao Ito
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Futoshi Okada
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
- Chromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hideya Endo
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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94
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Chen Z, Su X, Shen Y, Jin Y, Luo T, Kim IM, Weintraub NL, Tang Y. MiR322 mediates cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury via FBXW7/notch pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:67-74. [PMID: 31150734 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) causes loss of cardiomyocytes via oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. miR322, orthologous to human miR-424, was identified as an ischemia-induced angiogenic miRNA, but its cellular source and function in the setting of acute MI/R remains largely unknown. Using LacZ-tagged miR322 cluster reporter mice, we observed that vascular endothelial cells are the major cellular source of the miR322 cluster in adult hearts. Moreover, miR322 levels were significantly reduced in the heart at 24 h after MI/R injury. Intramyocardial injection of mimic-miR322 significantly diminished cardiac apoptosis (as determined by expression levels of active caspase 3 by Western blot analysis and immunostaining for TUNEL) and reduced infarct size by about 40%, in association with reduced FBXW7 and increased active Notch 1 levels in the ischemic hearts. FBXW7, which is an ubiquitin ligase that is crucial for activated Notch1 turnover, was identified as a direct target of miR322 via FBXW7 3'UTR reporter assay. Co-injection of FBXW7 plasmid with mimic-miR322 in ischemic hearts abolished the effect of mimic-miR322 to reduce apoptosis and infarct size in MI/R hearts. These data identify FBXW7 as a direct target of miR322 and suggest that miR322 could have potential therapeutic application for cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Chen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xuan Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Shen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yue Jin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tong Luo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Il-Man Kim
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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95
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Baptista R, Marques C, Catarino S, Enguita FJ, Costa MC, Matafome P, Zuzarte M, Castro G, Reis A, Monteiro P, Pêgo M, Pereira P, Girão H. MicroRNA-424(322) as a new marker of disease progression in pulmonary arterial hypertension and its role in right ventricular hypertrophy by targeting SMURF1. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:53-64. [PMID: 29016730 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH), a multifactorial and progressive condition associated with an increased afterload of the right ventricle leading to heart failure and death. The main aim of this study was to correlate the levels of miR-424(322) with the severity and prognosis of PH and with right ventricle hypertrophy progression. Additionally, we intended to evaluate the mechanisms and signalling pathways whereby miR-424(322) secreted by pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) impacts cardiomyocytes. Methods and results Using quantitative real-time PCR, we showed that the levels of circulating miR-424(322) are higher in PH patients when compared with healthy subjects. Moreover, we found that miR-424(322) levels correlated with more severe symptoms and haemodynamics. In the subgroup of Eisenmenger syndrome patients, miR-424(322) displayed independent prognostic value. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-424(322) targets SMURF1, through which it sustains bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 signalling. Moreover, we showed that hypoxia induces the secretion of miR-424(322) by PAECs, which after being taken up by cardiomyocytes leads to down-regulation of SMURF1. In the monocrotaline rat model of PH, we found an association between circulating miR-424(322) levels and the stage of right ventricle hypertrophy, as well as an inverse correlation between miR-424(322) and SMURF1 levels in the hypertrophied right ventricle. Conclusions This study shows that miR-424(322) has diagnostic and prognostic value in PH patients, correlating with markers of disease severity. Additionally, miR-424(322) can target proteins with a direct effect on heart function, suggesting that this miRNA can act as a messenger linking pulmonary vascular disease and right ventricle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Baptista
- Department of Cardiology A, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-001 Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Marques
- CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Steve Catarino
- CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco J Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marina C Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Graça Castro
- Department of Cardiology A, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-001 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Abílio Reis
- Unidade de Doença Vascular Pulmonar, Departamento de Medicina, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, EPE, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Department of Cardiology A, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-001 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariano Pêgo
- Department of Cardiology A, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-001 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Pereira
- CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
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Sox17 is required for endothelial regeneration following inflammation-induced vascular injury. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2126. [PMID: 31073164 PMCID: PMC6509327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of the endothelial cell barrier after inflammatory injury is essential for tissue fluid homeostasis and normalizing leukocyte transmigration. However, the mechanisms of endothelial regeneration remain poorly understood. Here we show that the endothelial and hematopoietic developmental transcription factor Sox17 promotes endothelial regeneration in the endotoxemia model of endothelial injury. Genetic lineage tracing studies demonstrate that the native endothelium itself serves as the primary source of endothelial cells repopulating the vessel wall following injury. We identify Sox17 as a key regulator of endothelial cell regeneration using endothelial-specific deletion and overexpression of Sox17. Endotoxemia upregulates Hypoxia inducible factor 1α, which in turn transcriptionally activates Sox17 expression. We observe that Sox17 increases endothelial cell proliferation via upregulation of Cyclin E1. Furthermore, endothelial-specific upregulation of Sox17 in vivo enhances lung endothelial regeneration. We conclude that endotoxemia adaptively activates Sox17 expression to mediate Cyclin E1-dependent endothelial cell regeneration and restore vascular homeostasis.
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97
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Orang AV, Petersen J, McKinnon RA, Michael MZ. Micromanaging aerobic respiration and glycolysis in cancer cells. Mol Metab 2019; 23:98-126. [PMID: 30837197 PMCID: PMC6479761 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells possess a common metabolic phenotype, rewiring their metabolic pathways from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and anabolic circuits, to support the energetic and biosynthetic requirements of continuous proliferation and migration. While, over the past decade, molecular and cellular studies have clearly highlighted the association of oncogenes and tumor suppressors with cancer-associated glycolysis, more recent attention has focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in mediating this metabolic shift. Accumulating studies have connected aberrant expression of miRNAs with direct and indirect regulation of aerobic glycolysis and associated pathways. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review discusses the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and provides arguments that the earlier paradigm of cancer glycolysis needs to be updated to a broader concept, which involves interconnecting biological pathways that include miRNA-mediated regulation of metabolism. For these reasons and in light of recent knowledge, we illustrate the relationships between metabolic pathways in cancer cells. We further summarize our current understanding of the interplay between miRNAs and these metabolic pathways. This review aims to highlight important metabolism-associated molecular components in the hunt for selective preventive and therapeutic treatments. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Metabolism in cancer cells is influenced by driver mutations but is also regulated by posttranscriptional gene silencing. Understanding the nuanced regulation of gene expression in these cells and distinguishing rapid cellular responses from chronic adaptive mechanisms provides a basis for rational drug design and novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla V Orang
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Janni Petersen
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Michael Z Michael
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
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98
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Tomar D, Yadav AS, Kumar D, Bhadauriya G, Kundu GC. Non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1863:194378. [PMID: 31048026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Paradigm shifting studies especially involving non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) during last few decades have significantly changed the scientific perspectives regarding the complexity of cellular signalling pathways. Several studies have shown that the non-coding RNAs, initially ignored as transcriptional noise or products of erroneous transcription; actually regulate plethora of biological phenomena ranging from developmental processes to various diseases including cancer. Current strategies that are employed for the management of various cancers including that of breast fall short when their undesired side effects like Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) enrichment, low recurrence-free survival and development of drug resistance are taken into consideration. This review aims at exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as therapeutics in breast cancer, by providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanism of action and function and their crucial contribution in regulating various aspects of breast cancer progression such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, EMT, CSCs, drug resistance and metastasis. In addition, we also provide information about various strategies that can be employed or are under development to explore them as potential moieties that may be used for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Tomar
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.
| | - Amit S Yadav
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Garima Bhadauriya
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.
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99
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Antiangiogenic Effect of Alkaloids. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9475908. [PMID: 31178979 PMCID: PMC6501137 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9475908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are among the natural phytochemicals contained in functional foods and nutraceuticals and have been suggested for the prevention and/or management of oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases. In this review, we aimed to describe the effects of alkaloids in angiogenesis, the process playing a crucial role in tumor growth and invasion, whereby new vessels form. Antiangiogenic compounds including herbal ingredients, nonherbal alkaloids, and microRNAs can be used for the control and treatment of cancers. Several lines of evidence indicate that alkaloid-rich plants have several interesting features that effectively inhibit angiogenesis. In this review, we present valuable data on commonly used alkaloid substances as potential angiogenic inhibitors. Different herbal and nonherbal ingredients, introduced as antiangiogenesis agents, and their role in angiogenesis-dependent diseases are reviewed. Studies indicate that angiogenesis suppression is exerted through several mechanisms; however, further investigations are required to elucidate their precise molecular and cellular mechanisms, as well as potential side effects.
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100
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Chen S, Yao Y, Lin F, Bian F, Zhu C, Jiang G. MiR-424 is over-expressed and attenuates ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury via p53 and death receptor 6 pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:1965-1979. [PMID: 31105811 PMCID: PMC6511784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic reperfusion injury of kidney is major cause for renal failure, however the involved pathogenesis remains unclear creating an void for its effective treatment. Here we studied involvement of microRNA-424 in renal injury. METHODS For the study, p53 or HIF-1α mice were used, ischemic renal injury was induced using clamping of renal pedicles bilateraly. Proximal kidney tubular cells were used for in vitro studies. Hoechst 33342 analysis was done for apoptosis. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine was done for renal function, Hematoxylin-eosin tissue damage and Terminal transferase-dUTP nick-end labeling assay for apoptosis. RT-PCR was done for miRNA and ChIP assay to identify the binding of p53 to miR-424. TargetScan and miRanda data base were scanned to find targets of miR-424. Protein expression was done by western blot analysis. RESULTS We discovered that, miR-424 was over-expressed in ischemic renal injury mice and in hypoxia exposed renal cells. In cells, miR-424 suppressed the expression levels of death receptor 6 (DR6) and halted the apoptosis mediated by hypoxia. Blocking of miR-424 halted the inhibition of DR6 and caused apoptosis and activation of caspase. In mice, miR-424 mimic inhibited expression of DR6 and attenuated ischemic renal injury. We established that, up-regulation of miR-424 in ischemic reperfusion injury was p53 dependent, also inhibition of p53 caused repression of miR-424 levels in hypoxia induced cells in vitro. The p53 knockout mice showed attenuation in levels of miR-424 confirming role of p53 behind up-regulation of miR-424 in vivo. CONCLUSION The study confirmed p53/miR-424/DR6 as a protective cascade during ischemic-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjie Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Fujun Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Fan Bian
- Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Chun Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital (Chongming Branch) Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Gengru Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
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