51
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Kim I, Kim M, Park MK, Naik R, Park JH, Kim BK, Choi Y, Chang KY, Won M, Ban HS, Lee K. The disubstituted adamantyl derivative LW1564 inhibits the growth of cancer cells by targeting mitochondrial respiration and reducing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α accumulation. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1845-1856. [PMID: 33235318 PMCID: PMC8080809 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting cancer metabolism has emerged as an important cancer therapeutic strategy. Here, we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel class of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α inhibitors, disubstituted adamantyl derivatives. One such compound, LW1564, significantly suppressed HIF-1α accumulation and inhibited the growth of various cancer cell lines, including HepG2, A549, and HCT116. Measurements of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP production rate revealed that LW1564 suppressed mitochondrial respiration, thereby increasing the intracellular oxygen concentration to stimulate HIF-1α degradation. LW1564 also significantly decreased overall ATP levels by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I and downregulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling by increasing the AMP/ATP ratio, which increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Consequently, LW1564 promoted the phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which inhibited lipid synthesis. In addition, LW1564 significantly inhibited tumor growth in a HepG2 mouse xenograft model. Taken together, the results indicate that LW1564 inhibits the growth of cancer cells by targeting mitochondrial ETC complex I and impairing cancer cell metabolism. We, therefore, suggest that LW1564 may be a potent therapeutic agent for a subset of cancers that rely on oxidative phosphorylation for ATP generation. A drug that curbs the accumulation of a critical protein involved in the oxygen-sensing machinery of cells could offer a potent new therapeutic for treating cancer. Inhyub Kim, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea, and colleagues describe a compound called LW1564 that suppresses metabolism within mitochondria, the energy factories of the cell. Less energy production means less oxygen consumption and therefore oxygen molecules build up inside the cell, which in turn stimulates the degradation of HIF-1α, a master regulator of oxygen balance. Many tumors rely on HIF-1α for their aberrant biological characteristics, and without this protein they tend to show reduced growth. The authors demonstrated that LW1564 could limit HIF-1α accumulation and inhibit the proliferation of various cancer cell lines. The drug also inhibited tumor growth in a mouse model of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inhyub Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Minkyoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, 10326, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, 10326, Korea
| | - Ravi Naik
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, 10326, Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, 10326, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | | | - Misun Won
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea. .,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Hyun Seung Ban
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, 10326, Korea.
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52
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Xu Y, Xue D, Bankhead A, Neamati N. Why All the Fuss about Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS)? J Med Chem 2020; 63:14276-14307. [PMID: 33103432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Certain subtypes of cancer cells require oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to survive. Increased OXPHOS dependency is frequently a hallmark of cancer stem cells and cells resistant to chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Suppressing the OXPHOS function might also influence the tumor microenvironment by alleviating hypoxia and improving the antitumor immune response. Thus, targeting OXPHOS is a promising strategy to treat various cancers. A growing arsenal of therapeutic agents is under development to inhibit this biological process. This Perspective provides an overview of the structure and function of OXPHOS complexes, their biological functions in cancer, relevant research tools and models, as well as the limitations of OXPHOS as drug targets. We also focus on the current development status of OXPHOS inhibitors and potential therapeutic strategies to strengthen their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ding Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Armand Bankhead
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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53
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Yan J, Xie Y, Wang F, Chen Y, Zhang J, Dou Z, Gan L, Li H, Si J, Sun C, Di C, Zhang H. Carbon ion combined with tigecycline inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Life Sci 2020; 263:118586. [PMID: 33065148 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondrial dysfunction is receiving considerable attention due to irreplaceable biological function of mitochondria. Ionizing radiation and tigecycline (TIG) alone can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, playing important role in tumor therapy. However, prior studies fail to investigate combined mechanism of carbon ion irradiation (IR) and TIG on tumor proliferation inhibition. The study aimed to explore the combined effects of both on autophagy and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS NSCLC cells A549 and H1299 were treated with carbon ion, TIG, or both. Cell survival rate, autophagy, apoptosis, expression of mitochondrial signaling proteins were determined by clone formation assay, immunofluorescence of LC3B, flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively; ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and Ca2+ level in mitochondria were used to assessed mitochondrial function. KEY FINDINGS Results showed IR combined TIG inhibited cells proliferation by increasing apoptosis in both cells and enhancing autophagy in H1299 cells. Additionally, combination treatment induced the most severe mitochondrial dysfunction by sharply reducing ATP, MMP and increasing Ca2+ level of mitochondria. Up-regulation and down-regulation of mitochondrial translation proteins (EF-Tu, GFM1 and MRPS12) expression affected apoptosis and autophagy, while the level of p-mTOR was consistent with their expression in both cell types. In A549 cells, p-AMPK level decreased while p-Akt and p-mTOR increased after combination treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, our results showed that p-Akt and p-AMPK antagonistically targeted p-mTOR to regulate mitochondrial translation proteins to affect autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, this study suggests that combination of carbon ion and TIG is a potential therapeutic option against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Yan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhihui Dou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Graduate School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Si
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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54
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Kamada S, Takeiwa T, Ikeda K, Horie-Inoue K, Inoue S. Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in Metabolic Alterations in Breast and Prostate Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:593200. [PMID: 33123488 PMCID: PMC7573247 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.593200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast and prostate cancers are the most prevalent cancers in females and males, respectively. These cancers exhibit sex hormone dependence and thus, hormonal therapies are used to treat these cancers. However, acquired resistance to hormone therapies is a major clinical problem. In addition, certain portions of these cancers initially exhibit hormone-independence due to the absence of sex hormone receptors. Therefore, precise and profound understanding of the cancer pathophysiology is required to develop novel clinical strategies against breast and prostate cancers. Metabolic reprogramming is currently recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer, as exemplified by the alteration of glucose metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and lipid metabolism. Dysregulation of metabolic enzymes and their regulators such as kinases, transcription factors, and other signaling molecules contributes to metabolic alteration in cancer. Moreover, accumulating lines of evidence reveal that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate cancer development and progression by modulating metabolism. Understanding the mechanism and function of lncRNAs associated with cancer-specific metabolic alteration will therefore provide new knowledge for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review provides an overview of recent studies regarding the role of lncRNAs in metabolism in breast and prostate cancers, with a focus on both sex hormone-dependent and -independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kamada
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie-Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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55
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Wu Q, Ba-Alawi W, Deblois G, Cruickshank J, Duan S, Lima-Fernandes E, Haight J, Tonekaboni SAM, Fortier AM, Kuasne H, McKee TD, Mahmoud H, Kushida M, Cameron S, Dogan-Artun N, Chen W, Nie Y, Zhang LX, Vellanki RN, Zhou S, Prinos P, Wouters BG, Dirks PB, Done SJ, Park M, Cescon DW, Haibe-Kains B, Lupien M, Arrowsmith CH. GLUT1 inhibition blocks growth of RB1-positive triple negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4205. [PMID: 32826891 PMCID: PMC7442809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a deadly form of breast cancer due to the development of resistance to chemotherapy affecting over 30% of patients. New therapeutics and companion biomarkers are urgently needed. Recognizing the elevated expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1, encoded by SLC2A1) and associated metabolic dependencies in TNBC, we investigated the vulnerability of TNBC cell lines and patient-derived samples to GLUT1 inhibition. We report that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of GLUT1 with BAY-876 impairs the growth of a subset of TNBC cells displaying high glycolytic and lower oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) rates. Pathway enrichment analysis of gene expression data suggests that the functionality of the E2F pathway may reflect to some extent OXPHOS activity. Furthermore, the protein levels of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB1) strongly correlate with the degree of sensitivity to GLUT1 inhibition in TNBC, where RB1-negative cells are insensitive to GLUT1 inhibition. Collectively, our results highlight a strong and targetable RB1-GLUT1 metabolic axis in TNBC and warrant clinical evaluation of GLUT1 inhibition in TNBC patients stratified according to RB1 protein expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Wail Ba-Alawi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Genevieve Deblois
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Cruickshank
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Shili Duan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Evelyne Lima-Fernandes
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Jillian Haight
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Seyed Ali Madani Tonekaboni
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Fortier
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Trevor D McKee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, STTARR Innovation Facility, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hassan Mahmoud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Computer and Informatics, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Michelle Kushida
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Sarina Cameron
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Nergiz Dogan-Artun
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - WenJun Chen
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yan Nie
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Lan Xin Zhang
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ravi N Vellanki
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Stanley Zhou
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiotis Prinos
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Bradly G Wouters
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Susan J Done
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Morag Park
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David W Cescon
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 3A1, ON, Canada
- Ontario Institue for Cancer Research, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada.
- Ontario Institue for Cancer Research, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada.
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 2M9, ON, Canada.
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56
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Pharmacologically targetable vulnerability in prostate cancer carrying RB1-SUCLA2 deletion. Oncogene 2020; 39:5690-5707. [PMID: 32694611 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RB1 gene is often homozygously deleted or mutated in prostate adenocarcinomas following acquirement of castration resistance and/or metastatic ability. We found that SUCLA2 gene is frequently involved in the deletion of the RB1 gene region in advanced prostate cancer. SUCLA2 constitutes the β-subunit of succinate CoA ligase heterodimer that reversibly converts succinyl CoA into succinate. We sought the possibility that deletion of SUCLA2 gives rise to a metabolic vulnerability that could be targeted therapeutically. We found a significant metabolic shift in SUCLA2-deleted prostate cancer cells, including lower mitochondrial respiratory activity. By screening a number of libraries for compounds that induce cell death selectively in SUCLA2-deficient prostate cancer cells, we identified thymoquinone (2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone) and PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) from a natural compound library. These findings indicate that the metabolic vulnerability in SUCLA2-deficient prostate cancer cells is pharmacologically targetable.
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57
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Buckley AM, Dunne MR, Morrissey ME, Kennedy SA, Nolan A, Davern M, Foley EK, Clarke N, Lysaght J, Ravi N, O'Toole D, MacCarthy F, Reynolds JV, Kennedy BN, O'Sullivan J. Real-time metabolic profiling of oesophageal tumours reveals an altered metabolic phenotype to different oxygen tensions and to treatment with Pyrazinib. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12105. [PMID: 32694701 PMCID: PMC7374542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68777-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer is the 6th most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. The current standard of care for oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) focuses on neoadjuvant therapy with chemoradiation or chemotherapy, however the 5-year survival rates remain at < 20%. To improve treatment outcomes it is critical to further investigate OAC tumour biology, metabolic phenotype and their metabolic adaptation to different oxygen tensions. In this study, by using human ex-vivo explants we demonstrated using real-time metabolic profiling that OAC tumour biopsies have a significantly higher oxygen consumption rate (OCR), a measure of oxidative phosphorylation compared to extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), a measure of glycolysis (p = 0.0004). Previously, we identified a small molecule compound, pyrazinib which enhanced radiosensitivity in OAC. Pyrazinib significantly inhibited OCR in OAC treatment-naïve biopsies (p = 0.0139). Furthermore, OAC biopsies can significantly adapt their metabolic rate in real-time to their environment. Under hypoxic conditions pyrazinib produced a significant reduction in both OCR (p = 0.0313) and ECAR in OAC treatment-naïve biopsies. The inflammatory secretome profile from OAC treatment-naïve biopsies is heterogeneous. OCR was positively correlated with three secreted factors in the tumour conditioned media: vascular endothelial factor A (VEGF-A), IL-1RA and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Pyrazinib significantly inhibited IL-1β secretion (p = 0.0377) and increased IL-3 (p = 0.0020) and IL-17B (p = 0.0181). Importantly, pyrazinib did not directly alter the expression of dendritic cell maturation markers or reduce T-cell viability or activation markers. We present a new method for profiling the metabolic rate of tumour biopsies in real-time and demonstrate the novel anti-metabolic and anti-inflammatory action of pyrazinib ex-vivo in OAC tumours, supporting previous findings in-vitro whereby pyrazinib significantly enhanced radiosensitivity in OAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Buckley
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Margaret R Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria E Morrissey
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan A Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife Nolan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma K Foley
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Clarke
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Narayanasamy Ravi
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot O'Toole
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Finbar MacCarthy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Breandán N Kennedy
- UCD Conway Institute and UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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58
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Meßner M, Schmitt S, Ardelt MA, Fröhlich T, Müller M, Pein H, Huber-Cantonati P, Ortler C, Koenig LM, Zobel L, Koeberle A, Arnold GJ, Rothenfußer S, Kiemer AK, Gerbes AL, Zischka H, Vollmar AM, Pachmayr J. Metabolic implication of tigecycline as an efficacious second-line treatment for sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. FASEB J 2020; 34:11860-11882. [PMID: 32652772 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001128r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib represents the current standard of care for patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, acquired drug resistance occurs frequently during therapy and is accompanied by rapid tumor regrowth after sorafenib therapy termination. To identify the mechanism of this therapy-limiting growth resumption, we established robust sorafenib resistance HCC cell models that exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and chemotherapeutic crossresistance. We found a rapid relapse of tumor cell proliferation after sorafenib withdrawal, which was caused by renewal of mitochondrial structures alongside a metabolic switch toward high electron transport system (ETS) activity. The translation-inhibiting antibiotic tigecycline impaired the biogenesis of mitochondrial DNA-encoded ETS subunits and limited the electron acceptor turnover required for glutamine oxidation. Thereby, tigecycline prevented the tumor relapse in vitro and in murine xenografts in vivo. These results offer a promising second-line therapeutic approach for advanced-stage HCC patients with progressive disease undergoing sorafenib therapy or treatment interruption due to severe adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Meßner
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Public Health, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabine Schmitt
- School of Medicine, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian A Ardelt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Public Health, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Pein
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Huber-Cantonati
- Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Public Health, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Carina Ortler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars M Koenig
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Zobel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Michael Popp Research Institute, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg J Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Rothenfußer
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexander L Gerbes
- Department of Medicine 2, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- School of Medicine, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Pachmayr
- Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Public Health, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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59
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Nyquist MD, Corella A, Coleman I, De Sarkar N, Kaipainen A, Ha G, Gulati R, Ang L, Chatterjee P, Lucas J, Pritchard C, Risbridger G, Isaacs J, Montgomery B, Morrissey C, Corey E, Nelson PS. Combined TP53 and RB1 Loss Promotes Prostate Cancer Resistance to a Spectrum of Therapeutics and Confers Vulnerability to Replication Stress. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107669. [PMID: 32460015 PMCID: PMC7453577 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancers (PCs) with loss of the potent tumor suppressors TP53 and RB1 exhibit poor outcomes. TP53 and RB1 also influence cell plasticity and are frequently lost in PCs with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation. Therapeutic strategies that address these aggressive variant PCs are urgently needed. Using deep genomic profiling of 410 metastatic biopsies, we determine the relationships between combined TP53 and RB1 loss and PC phenotypes. Notably, 40% of TP53/RB1-deficient tumors are classified as AR-active adenocarcinomas, indicating that NE differentiation is not an obligate consequence of TP53/RB1 inactivation. A gene expression signature reflecting TP53/RB1 loss is associated with diminished responses to AR antagonists and reduced survival. These tumors exhibit high proliferation rates and evidence of elevated DNA repair processes. While tumor cells lacking TP53/RB1 are highly resistant to all single-agent therapeutics tested, the combination of PARP and ATR inhibition is found to produce significant responses, reflecting a clinically exploitable vulnerability resulting from replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Nyquist
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Alexandra Corella
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ilsa Coleman
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Navonil De Sarkar
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Arja Kaipainen
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Gavin Ha
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Roman Gulati
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lisa Ang
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Payel Chatterjee
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jared Lucas
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Colin Pritchard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gail Risbridger
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - John Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Bruce Montgomery
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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60
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Knudsen ES, Nambiar R, Rosario SR, Smiraglia DJ, Goodrich DW, Witkiewicz AK. Pan-cancer molecular analysis of the RB tumor suppressor pathway. Commun Biol 2020; 3:158. [PMID: 32242058 PMCID: PMC7118159 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) plays a critical role in coordinating multiple pathways that impact cancer initiation, disease progression, and therapeutic responses. Here we probed molecular features associated with the RB-pathway across 31 tumor-types. While the RB-pathway has been purported to exhibit multiple mutually exclusive genetic events, only RB1 alteration is mutually exclusive with deregulation of CDK4/6 activity. An ER+ breast cancer model with targeted RB1 deletion was used to identify signatures of CDK4/6 activity and RB-dependency (CDK4/6-RB integrated signature). This signature was prognostic in tumor-types with gene expression features indicative of slower growth. Single copy loss on chromosome 13q encompassing the RB1 locus is prevalent in many cancers, yielding reduced expression of multiple genes in cis, and is inversely related to the CDK4/6-RB integrated signature supporting a cause-effect relationship. Genes that are positively and inversely correlated with the CDK4/6-RB integrated signature define new tumor-specific pathways associated with RB-pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik S Knudsen
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Buffalo, USA. .,Center for Personalized Medicine, Buffalo, USA.
| | - Ram Nambiar
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Buffalo, USA
| | - Spencer R Rosario
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Buffalo, USA
| | - Dominic J Smiraglia
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Buffalo, USA
| | - David W Goodrich
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Buffalo, USA
| | - Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA. .,Center for Personalized Medicine, Buffalo, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Buffalo, USA.
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61
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Tumor Milieu Controlled by RB Tumor Suppressor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072450. [PMID: 32244804 PMCID: PMC7177274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The RB gene is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers. Canonically, RB exerts its tumor suppressive activity through the regulation of the G1/S transition during cell cycle progression by modulating the activity of E2F transcription factors. However, aberration of the RB gene is most commonly detected in tumors when they gain more aggressive phenotypes, including metastatic activity or drug resistance, rather than accelerated proliferation. This implicates RB controls' malignant progression to a considerable extent in a cell cycle-independent manner. In this review, we highlight the multifaceted functions of the RB protein in controlling tumor lineage plasticity, metabolism, and the tumor microenvironment (TME), with a focus on the mechanism whereby RB controls the TME. In brief, RB inactivation in several types of cancer cells enhances production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including CCL2, through upregulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These factors not only accelerate the growth of cancer cells in a cell-autonomous manner, but also stimulate non-malignant cells in the TME to generate a pro-tumorigenic niche in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Here, we discuss the biological and pathological significance of the non-cell-autonomous functions of RB and attempt to predict their potential clinical relevance to cancer immunotherapy.
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62
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Yang J, Dong Z, Ren A, Fu G, Zhang K, Li C, Wang X, Cui H. Antibiotic tigecycline inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion via down-regulating CCNE2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4245-4260. [PMID: 32141702 PMCID: PMC7171345 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, many researches have reported that antibiotic tigecycline has significant effect on cancer treatment. However, biomedical functions and molecular mechanisms of tigecycline in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unclear. In the current study, we tried to assess the effect of tigecycline in PDAC cells. AsPC‐1 and HPAC cells were treated with indicated concentrations of tigecycline for indicated time, and then, MTT, BrdU and soft agar assay were used to test cell proliferation. The effect of tigecycline on cell cycle and cellular apoptosis was tested by cytometry. Migration and invasion were detected by wound healing assay and transwell migration/invasion assay. Expressions of cell cycle‐related and migration/invasion‐related protein were determined by using Western blot. The results revealed that tigecycline observably suppressed cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and blocked cell migration/invasion via holding back the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in PDAC. In addition, tigecycline also remarkably blocked tumorigenecity in vivo. Furthermore, the effects of tigecycline alone or combined with gemcitabine in vitro or on PDAC xenografts were also performed. The results showed that tigecycline enhanced the chemosensitivity of PDAC cells to gemcitabine. Interestingly, we found CCNE2 expression was declined distinctly after tigecycline treatment. Then, CCNE2 was overexpressed to rescue tigecycline‐induced effect. The results showed that CCNE2 overexpression significantly rescued tigecycline‐inhibited cell proliferation and migration/invasion. Collectively, we showed that tigecycline inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion via down‐regulating CCNE2, and tigecycline might be used as a potential drug for PDAC treatment alone or combined with gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Aishu Ren
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Fu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Changhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
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63
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Pramono AA, Rather GM, Herman H, Lestari K, Bertino JR. NAD- and NADPH-Contributing Enzymes as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer: An Overview. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030358. [PMID: 32111066 PMCID: PMC7175141 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Actively proliferating cancer cells require sufficient amount of NADH and NADPH for biogenesis and to protect cells from the detrimental effect of reactive oxygen species. As both normal and cancer cells share the same NAD biosynthetic and metabolic pathways, selectively lowering levels of NAD(H) and NADPH would be a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Targeting nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a rate limiting enzyme of the NAD salvage pathway, affects the NAD and NADPH pool. Similarly, lowering NADPH by mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) which produces D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite that downregulates nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) via hypermethylation on the promoter region, results in epigenetic regulation. NADPH is used to generate D-2HG, and is also needed to protect dihydrofolate reductase, the target for methotrexate, from degradation. NAD and NADPH pools in various cancer types are regulated by several metabolic enzymes, including methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Thus, targeting NAD and NADPH synthesis under special circumstances is a novel approach to treat some cancers. This article provides the rationale for targeting the key enzymes that maintain the NAD/NADPH pool, and reviews preclinical studies of targeting these enzymes in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvinsyah Adhityo Pramono
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (A.A.P.); (G.M.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Gulam M. Rather
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (A.A.P.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Herry Herman
- Division of Oncology, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia;
| | - Keri Lestari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Joseph R. Bertino
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (A.A.P.); (G.M.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(732)-235-8510
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64
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Wang Z, Jiang Q, Dong C. Metabolic reprogramming in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:44-59. [PMID: 32296576 PMCID: PMC7142847 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was first defined over a decade ago, increasing studies have focused on its genetic and molecular characteristics. Patients diagnosed with TNBC, compared to those diagnosed with other breast cancer subtypes, have relatively poor outcomes due to high tumor aggressiveness and lack of targeted treatment. Metabolic reprogramming, an emerging hallmark of cancer, is hijacked by TNBC to fulfill bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands; maintain the redox balance; and further promote oncogenic signaling, cell proliferation, and metastasis. Understanding the mechanisms of metabolic remodeling may guide the design of metabolic strategies for the effective intervention of TNBC. Here, we review the metabolic reprogramming of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other branched pathways in TNBC and explore opportunities for new biomarkers, imaging modalities, and metabolically targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Breast Center) of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qianjin Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Breast Center) of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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65
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Abstract
Significance: Mitochondria undergo constant morphological changes through fusion, fission, and mitophagy. As the key organelle in cells, mitochondria are responsible for numerous essential cellular functions such as metabolism, regulation of calcium (Ca2+), generation of reactive oxygen species, and initiation of apoptosis. Unsurprisingly, mitochondrial dysfunctions underlie many pathologies including cancer. Recent Advances: Currently, the gold standard for cancer treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. However, the efficacy of these treatments varies across different cancer cells. It has been suggested that mitochondria may be at the center of these diverse responses. In the past decade, significant advances have been made in understanding distinct types of mitochondrial dysfunctions in cancer. Through investigations of underlying mechanisms, more effective treatment options are developed. Critical Issues: We summarize various mitochondria dysfunctions in cancer progression that have led to the development of therapeutic options. Current mitochondrial-targeted therapies and challenges are discussed. Future Directions: To address the "root" of cancer, utilization of mitochondrial-targeted therapy to target cancer stem cells may be valuable. Investigation of other areas such as mitochondrial trafficking may offer new insights into cancer therapy. Moreover, common antibiotics could be explored as mitocans, and synthetic lethality screens can be utilized to overcome the plasticity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Yao Chiu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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66
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Wang DY, Jiang Z, Zacksenhaus E. Stratifying the stratifiers of triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:306-308. [PMID: 32064036 PMCID: PMC6996905 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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67
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Molecular stratification within triple-negative breast cancer subtypes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19107. [PMID: 31836816 PMCID: PMC6911070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been subdivided into six distinct subgroups: basal-like 1 (BL1), basal-like 2 (BL2), mesenchymal (M), mesenchymal stem-like (MSL), immunomodulatory (IM), and luminal androgen receptor (LAR). We recently identified a subgroup of TNBC with loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN and five specific microRNAs that exhibits exceedingly poor clinical outcome and contains TP53 mutation, RB1 loss and high MYC and WNT signalling. Here, show that these PTEN-low/miRNA-low lesions cluster with BL1 TNBC. These tumors exhibited high RhoA signalling and were significantly stratified on the basis of PTEN-low/RhoA-signalling-high with hazard ratios (HRs) of 8.2 (P = 0.0009) and 4.87 (P = 0.033) in training and test cohorts, respectively. For BL2 TNBC, we identified AKT1 copy gain/high mRNA expression as surrogate for poor prognosis (HR = 3.9; P = 0.02 and HR = 6.1; P = 0.0032). In IM, programmed cell death 1 (PD1) was elevated and predictive of poor prognosis (HR = 5.3; P = 0.01 and HR = 3.5; P < 0.004). Additional alterations, albeit without prognostic power, characterized each subtype including high E2F2 and TGFβ signalling and CXCL8 expression in BL2, high IFNα and IFNγ signalling and CTLA4 expression in IM, and high EGFR signalling in MSL, and may be targeted for therapy. This study identified PTEN-low/RhoA-signalling-high, and high AKT1 and PD1 expression as potent prognostications for BL1, BL2 and IM subtypes with survival differences of over 14, 2.75 and 10.5 years, respectively. This intrinsic heterogeneity could be exploited to prioritize patients for precision medicine.
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68
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Rodríguez-Enríquez S, Marín-Hernández Á, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Pacheco-Velázquez SC, Belmont-Díaz JA, Robledo-Cadena DX, Vargas-Navarro JL, Corona de la Peña NA, Saavedra E, Moreno-Sánchez R. Transcriptional Regulation of Energy Metabolism in Cancer Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101225. [PMID: 31600993 PMCID: PMC6830338 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development, growth, and metastasis are highly regulated by several transcription regulators (TRs), namely transcription factors, oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, and protein kinases. Although TR roles in these events have been well characterized, their functions in regulating other important cancer cell processes, such as metabolism, have not been systematically examined. In this review, we describe, analyze, and strive to reconstruct the regulatory networks of several TRs acting in the energy metabolism pathways, glycolysis (and its main branching reactions), and oxidative phosphorylation of nonmetastatic and metastatic cancer cells. Moreover, we propose which possible gene targets might allow these TRs to facilitate the modulation of each energy metabolism pathway, depending on the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Norma Angélica Corona de la Peña
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Trombosis, Hemostasia y Aterogénesis, Hospital General Regional Carlos McGregor-Sánchez, México CP 03100, Mexico.
| | - Emma Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México 14080, Mexico.
| | - Rafael Moreno-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México 14080, Mexico.
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69
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Choi C, Park S, Cho WK, Choi DH. Cyclin D1 is Associated with Radiosensitivity of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to Proton Beam Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194943. [PMID: 31591311 PMCID: PMC6801441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton therapy offers a distinct physical advantage over conventional X-ray therapy, but its biological advantages remain understudied. In this study, we aimed to identify genetic factors that contribute to proton sensitivity in breast cancer (BC). Therefore, we screened relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 230 MeV protons, compared to 6 MV X-rays, in ten human BC cell lines, including five triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Clonogenic survival assays revealed a wide range of proton RBE across the BC cell lines, with one out of ten BC cell lines having an RBE significantly different from the traditional generic RBE of 1.1. An abundance of cyclin D1 was associated with proton RBE. Downregulation of RB1 by siRNA or a CDK4/6 inhibitor increased proton sensitivity but not proton RBE. Instead, the depletion of cyclin D1 increased proton RBE in two TNBC cell lines, including MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells. Conversely, overexpression of cyclin D1 decreased the proton RBE in cyclin D1-deficient BT-549 cells. The depletion of cyclin D1 impaired proton-induced RAD51 foci formation in MDA-MB-231 cells. Taken together, this study provides important clues about the cyclin D1-CDK4-RB1 pathway as a potential target for proton beam therapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhoon Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| | - Sohee Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| | - Won Kyung Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| | - Doo Ho Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea.
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70
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Liu JC, Granieri L, Shrestha M, Wang DY, Vorobieva I, Rubie EA, Jones R, Ju Y, Pellecchia G, Jiang Z, Palmerini CA, Ben-David Y, Egan SE, Woodgett JR, Bader GD, Datti A, Zacksenhaus E. Identification of CDC25 as a Common Therapeutic Target for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2019; 23:112-126. [PMID: 29617654 PMCID: PMC9357459 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CDK4/6 inhibitors are effective against cancer cells expressing the tumor suppressor RB1, but not RB1-deficient cells, posing the challenge of how to target RB1 loss. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), RB1 and PTEN are frequently inactivated together with TP53. We performed kinome/phosphatase inhibitor screens on primary mouse Rb/p53-, Pten/p53-, and human RB1/PTEN/TP53-deficient TNBC cell lines and identified CDC25 phosphatase as a common target. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of CDC25 suppressed growth of RB1-deficient TNBC cells that are resistant to combined CDK4/6 plus CDK2 inhibition. Minimal cooperation was observed in vitro between CDC25 antagonists and CDK1, CDK2, or CDK4/6 inhibitors, but strong synergy with WEE1 inhibition was apparent. In accordance with increased PI3K signaling following long-term CDC25 inhibition, CDC25 and PI3K inhibitors effectively synergized to suppress TNBC growth both in vitro and in xenotransplantation models. These results provide a rationale for the development of CDC25-based therapies for diverse RB1/PTEN/TP53-deficient and -proficient TNBCs. Liu et al. report that inhibition of the protein phosphatase CDC25 kills diverse triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Moreover, CDC25 antagonists cooperate with other drugs, such as PI3K inhibitors, to efficiently suppress growth of human TNBC engrafted into mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff C Liu
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1
| | - Letizia Granieri
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1; Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mariusz Shrestha
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dong-Yu Wang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1
| | - Ioulia Vorobieva
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Rubie
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rob Jones
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1
| | - YoungJun Ju
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1
| | - Giovanna Pellecchia
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1
| | - Carlo A Palmerini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, China; State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Sean E Egan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James R Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alessandro Datti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Network Biology Collaborative Centre, SMART Laboratory for High-Throughput Screening Programs, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M1; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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71
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RB1 Deletion in Retinoblastoma Protein Pathway-Disrupted Cells Results in DNA Damage and Cancer Progression. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00105-19. [PMID: 31138663 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00105-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative control in cancer cells is frequently disrupted by mutations in the retinoblastoma protein (RB) pathway. Intriguingly, RB1 mutations can arise late in tumorigenesis in cancer cells whose RB pathway is already compromised by another mutation. In this study, we present evidence for increased DNA damage and instability in cancer cells with RB pathway defects when RB1 mutations are induced. We generated isogenic RB1 mutant genotypes with CRISPR/Cas9 in a number of cell lines. Cells with even one mutant copy of RB1 have increased basal levels of DNA damage and increased mitotic errors. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species as well as impaired homologous recombination repair underlie this DNA damage. When xenografted into immunocompromised mice, RB1 mutant cells exhibit an elevated propensity to seed new tumors in recipient lungs. This study offers evidence that late-arising RB1 mutations can facilitate genome instability and cancer progression that are beyond the preexisting proliferative control deficit.
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72
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Dong Z, Abbas MN, Kausar S, Yang J, Li L, Tan L, Cui H. Biological Functions and Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Tigecycline in the Treatment of Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143577. [PMID: 31336613 PMCID: PMC6678986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As an FDA-approved drug, glycylcycline tigecycline has been used to treat complicated microbial infections. However, recent studies in multiple hematologic and malignant solid tumors reveal that tigecycline treatment induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress. In addition, tigecycline also inhibits mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Importantly, combinations of tigecycline with chemotherapeutic or targeted drugs such as venetoclax, doxorubicin, vincristine, paclitaxel, cisplatin, and imatinib, have shown to be promising strategies for cancer treatment. Mechanism of action studies reveal that tigecycline leads to the inhibition of mitochondrial translation possibly through interacting with mitochondrial ribosome. Meanwhile, this drug also interferes with several other cell pathways/targets including MYC, HIFs, PI3K/AKT or AMPK-mediated mTOR, cytoplasmic p21 CIP1/Waf1, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These evidences indicate that antibiotic tigecycline is a promising drug for cancer treatment alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs. This review summarizes the biological function of tigecycline in the treatment of tumors and comprehensively discusses its mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Li Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
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73
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Chen WS, Alshalalfa M, Zhao SG, Liu Y, Mahal BA, Quigley DA, Wei T, Davicioni E, Rebbeck TR, Kantoff PW, Maher CA, Knudsen KE, Small EJ, Nguyen PL, Feng FY. Novel RB1-Loss Transcriptomic Signature Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcomes across Cancer Types. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4290-4299. [PMID: 31010837 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rb-pathway disruption is of great clinical interest, as it has been shown to predict outcomes in multiple cancers. We sought to develop a transcriptomic signature for detecting biallelic RB1 loss (RBS) that could be used to assess the clinical implications of RB1 loss on a pan-cancer scale. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We utilized data from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (N = 995) to develop the first pan-cancer transcriptomic signature for predicting biallelic RB1 loss (RBS). Model accuracy was validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer dataset (N = 11,007). RBS was then used to assess the clinical relevance of biallelic RB1 loss in TCGA Pan-Cancer and in an additional metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) cohort. RESULTS RBS outperformed the leading existing signature for detecting RB1 biallelic loss across all cancer types in TCGA Pan-Cancer (AUC, 0.89 vs. 0.66). High RBS (RB1 biallelic loss) was associated with promoter hypermethylation (P = 0.008) and gene body hypomethylation (P = 0.002), suggesting RBS could detect epigenetic gene silencing. TCGA Pan-Cancer clinical analyses revealed that high RBS was associated with short progression-free (P < 0.00001), overall (P = 0.0004), and disease-specific (P < 0.00001) survival. On multivariable analyses, high RBS was predictive of shorter progression-free survival in TCGA Pan-Cancer (P = 0.03) and of shorter overall survival in mCRPC (P = 0.004) independently of the number of DNA alterations in RB1. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first validated tool to assess RB1 biallelic loss across cancer types based on gene expression. RBS can be useful for analyzing datasets with or without DNA-sequencing results to investigate the emerging prognostic and treatment implications of Rb-pathway disruption.See related commentary by Choudhury and Beltran, p. 4199.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Chen
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mohammed Alshalalfa
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shuang G Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yang Liu
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brandon A Mahal
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David A Quigley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ting Wei
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Elai Davicioni
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip W Kantoff
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher A Maher
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Karen E Knudsen
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric J Small
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Paul L Nguyen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. .,Departments of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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74
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Scheid AD, Beadnell TC, Welch DR. The second genome: Effects of the mitochondrial genome on cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 142:63-105. [PMID: 30885364 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of genetics in cancer has been recognized for centuries, but most studies elucidating genetic contributions to cancer have understandably focused on the nuclear genome. Mitochondrial contributions to cancer pathogenesis have been documented for decades, but how mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) influences cancer progression and metastasis remains poorly understood. This lack of understanding stems from difficulty isolating the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes as experimental variables, which is critical for investigating direct mtDNA contributions to disease given extensive crosstalk exists between both genomes. Several in vitro and in vivo models have isolated mtDNA as an independent variable from the nuclear genome. This review compares and contrasts different models, their advantages and disadvantages for studying mtDNA contributions to cancer, focusing on the mitochondrial-nuclear exchange (MNX) mouse model and findings regarding tumor progression, metastasis, and other complex cancer-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Scheid
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Thomas C Beadnell
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Danny R Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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75
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Wang DY, Gendoo DMA, Ben-David Y, Woodgett JR, Zacksenhaus E. A subgroup of microRNAs defines PTEN-deficient, triple-negative breast cancer patients with poorest prognosis and alterations in RB1, MYC, and Wnt signaling. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:18. [PMID: 30704524 PMCID: PMC6357448 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a heterogeneous group of ER- and HER2-negative tumors with poor clinical outcome. We recently reported that Pten-loss cooperates with low expression of microRNA-145 to induce aggressive TNBC-like lesions in mice. To systematically identify microRNAs that cooperate with PTEN-loss to induce aggressive human BC, we screened for miRNAs whose expression correlated with PTEN mRNA levels and determined the prognostic power of each PTEN-miRNA pair alone and in combination with other miRs. METHODS Publically available data sets with mRNA, microRNA, genomics, and clinical outcome were interrogated to identify miRs that correlate with PTEN expression and predict poor clinical outcome. Alterations in genomic landscape and signaling pathways were identified in most aggressive TNBC subgroups. Connectivity mapping was used to predict response to therapy. RESULTS In TNBC, PTEN loss cooperated with reduced expression of hsa-miR-4324, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-381, hsa-miR-145, and has-miR136, all previously implicated in metastasis, to predict poor prognosis. A subgroup of TNBC patients with PTEN-low and reduced expression of four or five of these miRs exhibited the worst clinical outcome relative to other TNBCs (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.91; P < 0.0001), and this was validated on an independent cohort (HR = 4.42; P = 0.0003). The PTEN-low/miR-low subgroup showed distinct oncogenic alterations as well as TP53 mutation, high RB1-loss signature and high MYC, PI3K, and β-catenin signaling. This lethal subgroup almost completely overlapped with TNBC patients selected on the basis of Pten-low and RB1 signature loss or β-catenin signaling-high. Connectivity mapping predicted response to inhibitors of the PI3K pathway. CONCLUSIONS This analysis identified microRNAs that define a subclass of highly lethal TNBCs that should be prioritized for aggressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yu Wang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Rm. 407, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1 Canada
| | - Deena M. A. Gendoo
- Centre for Computational Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou China
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - James R. Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, 67 College Street, Rm. 407, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1 Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
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76
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Jones RA, Moorehead RA. Integrative analysis of copy number and gene expression data identifies potential oncogenic drivers that promote mammary tumor recurrence. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:381-391. [PMID: 30597648 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor recurrence represents a significant clinical challenge in the treatment and management of breast cancer. To investigate whether copy number aberrations (CNAs) facilitate the re-emergence of tumor growth from residual disease, we performed array comparative genomic hybridization on primary and recurrent mammary tumors from an inducible mouse model of type-I insulin-like growth factor receptor driven breast cancer. This genome-wide analysis revealed primary and recurrent tumors harbored distinct CNAs with relapsed tumors containing an increased number of gene-level gains and losses. Remarkably, high-level CNAs detected in primary tumors were largely devoid of annotated cancer genes while the vast majority of recurrent tumors harbored at least one CNA containing a known oncogene or tumor suppressor. Specifically, 38% of recurrent tumors carried gains at 6qA2 and 9qA2 which encode the Met and Yap1 oncogenes, respectively. The most frequent CNA, occurring in 63% of recurrent tumors, was a focal deletion at 4qC5 involving the Cdkn2a/b tumor suppressor genes. Integrative analysis revealed positive correlations between gene copy number and mRNA expression suggesting Met, Yap1, and Cdkn2a/b may serve as potential drivers that promote tumor recurrence. Accordingly, cross-species analysis revealed gene-level murine CNAs were present in a subset of human breast cancers with high MET and YAP1 mRNA predictive of decreased relapse-free survival in basal-like breast cancers. Together, these findings indicate that tumor recurrence is facilitated by the acquisition of CNAs with oncogenic potential and provide a framework to dissect the molecular mechanisms that mediate tumor escape from dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Jones
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger A Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Ribnikar D, Volovat SR, Cardoso F. Targeting CDK4/6 pathways and beyond in breast cancer. Breast 2018; 43:8-17. [PMID: 30359883 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic or advanced breast cancer (mBC/ABC) remains incurable despite many different systemic treatment options. Hormone receptor positive (HR+) disease represents the most common subtype in both early and advanced disease. A better understanding of the biology of this BC subtype, in particular regarding potential mechanisms of endocrine resistance, has led to the development of CDK4/6 inhibitors. All three selective CDK4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib have shown to significantly improve progression-free survival (PFS) when combined to endocrine therapy as first-line treatment for patients with HR+/HER-2 negative ABC, who have progressed on or after adjuvant endocrine therapy. All three of them have also shown an improved PFS as 2nd line therapy for HR+/Her2 negative ABC. Their toxicity profile is favorable, with hematological toxicity (mainly neutropenia) being predominant, followed by diarrhea and fatigue. Quality of life has been maintained in the 1st line setting or improved in the 2nd line setting. Overall survival (OS) has been reported so far only in 2 out of 7 trials as first line therapy and the difference did not reach statistical significance. In this article we review the biology of CDK signaling pathway and its inhibitors, preclinical and clinical data of all three investigated selective CDK4/6 inhibitors and their toxicity. We also discuss how these agents are being included in current international guidelines and future directions for these agents in other subtypes of breast cancer, in both advanced disease and early-stage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domen Ribnikar
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada, 700 University Ave, 7W 427, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa" Iasi, Str. Universitatii nr 16, 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Fatima Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal, Av. De Brasilia, s/n, 1400-048, Lisbon, Portugal.
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78
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Brough R, Gulati A, Haider S, Kumar R, Campbell J, Knudsen E, Pettitt SJ, Ryan CJ, Lord CJ. Identification of highly penetrant Rb-related synthetic lethal interactions in triple negative breast cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:5701-5718. [PMID: 29915391 PMCID: PMC6202330 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although defects in the RB1 tumour suppressor are one of the more common driver alterations found in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), therapeutic approaches that exploit this have not been identified. By integrating molecular profiling data with data from multiple genetic perturbation screens, we identified candidate synthetic lethal (SL) interactions associated with RB1 defects in TNBC. We refined this analysis by identifying the highly penetrant effects, reasoning that these would be more robust in the face of molecular heterogeneity and would represent more promising therapeutic targets. A significant proportion of the highly penetrant RB1 SL effects involved proteins closely associated with RB1 function, suggesting that this might be a defining characteristic. These included nuclear pore complex components associated with the MAD2 spindle checkpoint protein, the kinase and bromodomain containing transcription factor TAF1, and multiple components of the SCFSKP Cullin F box containing complex. Small-molecule inhibition of SCFSKP elicited an increase in p27Kip levels, providing a mechanistic rationale for RB1 SL. Transcript expression of SKP2, a SCFSKP component, was elevated in RB1-defective TNBCs, suggesting that in these tumours, SKP2 activity might buffer the effects of RB1 dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Brough
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Aditi Gulati
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rahul Kumar
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - James Campbell
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Erik Knudsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Colm J Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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79
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Zacksenhaus E, Liu JC, Granieri L, Vorobieva I, Wang DY, Ghanbari-Azarnier R, Li H, Ali A, Chung PED, Ju Y, Jiang Z, Shrestha M. CDC25 as a common therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer - the challenges ahead. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1481814. [PMID: 30250928 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1481814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The dual phosphatase CDC25 has recently been identified as a target for diverse triple-negative breast cancers including RB1/PTEN/P53-deficient tumors. Moreover, CDC25 inhibitors effectively synergize with PI3K inhibitors to suppress tumor growth. We discuss these findings and the challenges that lie ahead in bringing CDC25 inhibitors to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeff C Liu
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Letizia Granieri
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ioulia Vorobieva
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dong-Yu Wang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronak Ghanbari-Azarnier
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Huiqin Li
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amjad Ali
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip E D Chung
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - YoungJun Ju
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mariusz Shrestha
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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80
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The vulnerability of RB loss in breast cancer: Targeting a void in cell cycle control. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30940-30941. [PMID: 30123416 PMCID: PMC6089558 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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81
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Shi Y, Jin J, Ji W, Guan X. Therapeutic landscape in mutational triple negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:99. [PMID: 30007403 PMCID: PMC6046102 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Genomic sequencing has detected a distinctive mutational portrait of both the germline and somatic alterations in TNBC, which is staggeringly different from other breast cancer subtypes. The clinical utility of sequencing germline BRCA1/2 genes has been well established in TNBC. However, for other predisposition genes, studies concerning the risk and penetrance to TNBC are relatively scarce. Very few recurrent mutations, including TP53 and PI3KCA mutations, together with a long tail of individually rare mutations occur in TNBC. These combined effects of genomic alterations drive TNBC progression. Given the complexity and heterogeneity of TNBC, clinical interpretation of the genomic alterations in TNBC may pave a new way for the treatment of TNBC. In this review, we summarized the germline and somatic mutation profiles of TNBC and discussed the current and upcoming therapeutic strategies targeting the mutant proteins or pathways to enable tailored-therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Wenfei Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China. .,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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82
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Abstract
The canonical model of RB-mediated tumour suppression developed over the past 30 years is based on the regulation of E2F transcription factors to restrict cell cycle progression. Several additional functions have been proposed for RB, on the basis of which a non-canonical RB pathway can be described. Mechanistically, the non-canonical RB pathway promotes histone modification and regulates chromosome structure in a manner distinct from cell cycle regulation. These functions have implications for chemotherapy response and resistance to targeted anticancer agents. This Opinion offers a framework to guide future studies of RB in basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick A Dick
- London Regional Cancer Program, Children's Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- London Regional Cancer Program, Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David W Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Dyson
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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83
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Ashton TM, McKenna WG, Kunz-Schughart LA, Higgins GS. Oxidative Phosphorylation as an Emerging Target in Cancer Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2482-2490. [PMID: 29420223 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 622] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells have upregulated glycolysis compared with normal cells, which has led many to the assumption that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is downregulated in all cancers. However, recent studies have shown that OXPHOS can be also upregulated in certain cancers, including leukemias, lymphomas, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, high OXPHOS subtype melanoma, and endometrial carcinoma, and that this can occur even in the face of active glycolysis. OXPHOS inhibitors could therefore be used to target cancer subtypes in which OXPHOS is upregulated and to alleviate therapeutically adverse tumor hypoxia. Several drugs including metformin, atovaquone, and arsenic trioxide are used clinically for non-oncologic indications, but emerging data demonstrate their potential use as OXPHOS inhibitors. We highlight novel applications of OXPHOS inhibitors with a suitable therapeutic index to target cancer cell metabolism. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2482-90. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Ashton
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - W Gillies McKenna
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- OncoRay, National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Germany
| | - Geoff S Higgins
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Gray Laboratories, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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84
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LncRNA PVT1 regulates triple-negative breast cancer through KLF5/beta-catenin signaling. Oncogene 2018; 37:4723-4734. [PMID: 29760406 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ABSTACT Recent molecularly targeted approach gains advance in breast cancer treatment. However, the estimated 5-year survival rate has not met the desired expectation for improvement, especially for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here we report that the lncRNA PVT1 promotes KLF5/beta-catenin signaling to drive TNBC tumorigenesis. PVT1 is upregulated in clinical TNBC tumors. Using genetic approaches targeting PVT1 in TNBC cells, we found that PVT1 depletion inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and orthotopic xenograft tumor growth. Mechanistically, PVT1 binds with KLF5 and increases its stability via BAP1, which upregulates beta-catenin signaling, resulting in enhanced TNBC tumorigenesis. PVT1, KLF5, and beta-catenin were also revealed to be co-expressed in clinical TNBC samples. Our findings uncover a new singaling pathway to mediate TNBC, and provide PVT1 as a new target for improving treatment of TNBC.
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85
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Ravà M, D’Andrea A, Nicoli P, Gritti I, Donati G, Doni M, Giorgio M, Olivero D, Amati B. Therapeutic synergy between tigecycline and venetoclax in a preclinical model of MYC/BCL2 double-hit B cell lymphoma. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:10/426/eaan8723. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan8723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
High-grade B cell lymphomas with concurrent activation of the MYC and BCL2 oncogenes, also known as double-hit lymphomas (DHL), show dismal prognosis with current therapies. MYC activation sensitizes cells to inhibition of mitochondrial translation by the antibiotic tigecycline, and treatment with this compound provides a therapeutic window in a mouse model of MYC-driven lymphoma. We now addressed the utility of this antibiotic for treatment of DHL. BCL2 activation in mouse Eμ-myc lymphomas antagonized tigecycline-induced cell death, which was specifically restored by combined treatment with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax. In line with these findings, tigecycline and two related antibiotics, tetracycline and doxycycline, synergized with venetoclax in killing human MYC/BCL2 DHL cells. Treatment of mice engrafted with either DHL cell lines or a patient-derived xenograft revealed strong antitumoral effects of the tigecycline/venetoclax combination, including long-term tumor eradication with one of the cell lines. This drug combination also had the potential to cooperate with rituximab, a component of current front-line regimens. Venetoclax and tigecycline are currently in the clinic with distinct indications: Our preclinical results warrant the repurposing of these drugs for combinatorial treatment of DHL.
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86
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Witkiewicz AK, Chung S, Brough R, Vail P, Franco J, Lord CJ, Knudsen ES. Targeting the Vulnerability of RB Tumor Suppressor Loss in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2018; 22:1185-1199. [PMID: 29386107 PMCID: PMC5967622 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) exhibit functional loss of the RB tumor suppressor, suggesting a target for precision intervention. Here, we use drug screens to identify agents specifically antagonized by the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) using CDK4/6 inhibitors. A number of candidate RB-synthetic lethal small molecules were identified, including anti-helmenthics, chemotherapeutic agents, and small-molecule inhibitors targeting DNA-damage checkpoints (e.g., CHK) and chromosome segregation (e.g., PLK1). Counter-screens using isogenic TNBC tumor cell lines and cell panels with varying endogenous RB statuses confirmed that therapeutic effects were robust and selective for RB loss of function. By analyzing TNBC clinical specimens, RB-deficient tumors were found to express high levels of CHK1 and PLK1. Loss of RB specifically resulted in loss of checkpoint functions governing DNA replication, yielding increased drug sensitivity. Xenograft models demonstrated RB-selective efficacy of CHK inhibitors. This study supports the possibility of selectively targeting RB loss in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Sejin Chung
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Rachel Brough
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Paris Vail
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Jorge Franco
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Christopher J Lord
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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87
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Furth N, Aylon Y, Oren M. p53 shades of Hippo. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:81-92. [PMID: 28984872 PMCID: PMC5729527 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The three p53 family members, p53, p63 and p73, are structurally similar and share many biochemical activities. Yet, along with their common fundamental role in protecting genomic fidelity, each has acquired distinct functions related to diverse cell autonomous and non-autonomous processes. Similar to the p53 family, the Hippo signaling pathway impacts a multitude of cellular processes, spanning from cell cycle and metabolism to development and tumor suppression. The core Hippo module consists of the tumor-suppressive MST-LATS kinases and oncogenic transcriptional co-effectors YAP and TAZ. A wealth of accumulated data suggests a complex and delicate regulatory network connecting the p53 and Hippo pathways, in a highly context-specific manner. This generates multiple layers of interaction, ranging from interdependent and collaborative signaling to apparent antagonistic activity. Furthermore, genetic and epigenetic alterations can disrupt this homeostatic network, paving the way to genomic instability and cancer. This strengthens the need to better understand the nuances that control the molecular function of each component and the cross-talk between the different components. Here, we review interactions between the p53 and Hippo pathways within a subset of physiological contexts, focusing on normal stem cells and development, as well as regulation of apoptosis, senescence and metabolism in transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Furth
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Aylon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, POB 26, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. Tel: +972 89342358; Fax: +972 89346004; E-mail: or
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, POB 26, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. Tel: +972 89342358; Fax: +972 89346004; E-mail: or
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88
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Bhattacharya D, Ydfors M, Hughes MC, Norrbom J, Perry CGR, Scimè A. Decreased transcriptional corepressor p107 is associated with exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/5/e13155. [PMID: 28270591 PMCID: PMC5350169 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased mitochondrial content is a hallmark of exercise-induced skeletal muscle remodeling. For this process, considerable evidence underscores the involvement of transcriptional coactivators in mediating mitochondrial biogenesis. However, our knowledge regarding the role of transcriptional corepressors is lacking. In this study, we assessed the association of the transcriptional corepressor Rb family proteins, Rb and p107, with endurance exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptation in human skeletal muscle. We showed that p107, but not Rb, protein levels decrease by 3 weeks of high-intensity interval training. This is associated with significant inverse association between p107 and exercise-induced improved mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Indeed, p107 showed significant reciprocal correlations with the protein contents of representative markers of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes. These findings in human skeletal muscle suggest that attenuated transcriptional repression through p107 may be a novel mechanism by which exercise stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis following exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Bhattacharya
- Stem Cell Research Group, Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, Canada.,Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mia Ydfors
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meghan C Hughes
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jessica Norrbom
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anthony Scimè
- Stem Cell Research Group, Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, Canada .,Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health York University, Toronto, Canada
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89
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Jhan JR, Andrechek ER. Triple-negative breast cancer and the potential for targeted therapy. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:1595-1609. [PMID: 29095114 PMCID: PMC5694022 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is composed of several well-recognized subtypes including estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Without available targeted therapy options, standard of care for TNBC remains chemotherapy. It is of interest to note that TNBC tumors generally have better responses to chemotherapy compared with other subtypes. However, patients without complete response account for approximately 80% of TNBC. Mounting evidence suggests significant heterogeneity within the TNBC subtype, and studies have focused on genetic targets with high rates of altered expression. Recent studies suggest clear possibilities for benefits from targeted therapy in TNBC. In this review, we summarize studies of targeted therapy, including within mouse models, and discuss their applications in the development of combinatorial treatments to treat TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Jhan
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, 2194 Biomedical Physical Sciences Building, 567 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Eran R Andrechek
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, 2194 Biomedical Physical Sciences Building, 567 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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90
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Zacksenhaus E, Shrestha M, Liu JC, Vorobieva I, Chung PE, Ju Y, Nir U, Jiang Z. Mitochondrial OXPHOS Induced by RB1 Deficiency in Breast Cancer: Implications for Anabolic Metabolism, Stemness, and Metastasis. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:768-779. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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91
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Targeting mitochondrial translation by inhibiting DDX3: a novel radiosensitization strategy for cancer treatment. Oncogene 2017; 37:63-74. [PMID: 28869602 PMCID: PMC5756132 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DDX3 is a DEAD box RNA helicase with oncogenic properties. RK-33 is developed as a small molecule inhibitor of DDX3 and showed potent radiosensitizing activity in preclinical tumor models. This study aimed to assess DDX3 as a target in breast cancer and to elucidate how RK-33 exerts its anti-neoplastic effects. High DDX3 expression was present in 35% of breast cancer patient samples and correlated with markers of aggressiveness and shorter survival. With a quantitative proteomics approach, we identified proteins involved in the mitochondrial translation and respiratory electron transport pathways to be significantly downregulated after RK-33 or DDX3 knockdown. DDX3 localized to the mitochondria and DDX3 inhibition with RK-33 reduced mitochondrial translation. As a consequence, oxygen consumption rates and intracellular ATP concentrations decreased and reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased. RK-33 antagonized the increase in oxygen consumption and ATP production observed after exposure to ionizing radiation and reduced DNA repair. Overall, we conclude that DDX3 inhibition with RK-33 causes radiosensitization in breast cancer through inhibition of mitochondrial translation, which results in reduced oxidative phosphorylation capacity and increased ROS levels, culminating in a bioenergetic catastrophe.
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92
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Wang S, Liu JC, Ju Y, Pellecchia G, Voisin V, Wang DY, Leha L R, Ben-David Y, Bader GD, Zacksenhaus E. microRNA-143/145 loss induces Ras signaling to promote aggressive Pten-deficient basal-like breast cancer. JCI Insight 2017; 2:93313. [PMID: 28768903 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.93313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN is frequently inactivated in breast and other cancers; yet, germ-line mutations in this gene induce nonmalignant hamartomas, indicating dependency on additional cooperating events. Here we show that most tumors derived from conditional deletion of mouse pten in mammary epithelium are highly differentiated and lack transplantable tumor-initiating cells (TICs) capable of seeding new tumors following orthotopic injection of FACS-sorted or tumorsphere cells. A rare group of poorly differentiated tumors did harbor transplantable TICs. These transplantable tumors exhibited distinct molecular classification, signaling pathways, chromosomal aberrations, and mutational landscape, as well as reduced expression of microRNA-143/145 (miR-143/145). Stable knockdown of miR-143/145 conferred tumorigenic potential upon poorly transplantable pten-deficient tumor cells through a mechanism involving induction of RAS signaling, leading to increased sensitivity to MEK inhibition. In humans, miR-145 deficiency significantly correlated with elevated RAS-pathway activity in basal-like breast cancer, and patients with combined PTEN/miR-145 loss or PTEN-loss/high RAS-pathway activity exhibited poor clinical outcome. These results underscore a selective pressure for combined PTEN loss together with RAS-pathway activation, either through miR-145 loss or other mechanisms, in basal-like breast cancer, and a need to identify and prioritize these tumors for aggressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Wang
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, and
| | - Jeff C Liu
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - YoungJun Ju
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Veronique Voisin
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dong-Yu Wang
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rajwinder Leha L
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, and
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, and.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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93
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Kitajima S, Takahashi C. Intersection of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor function, stem cells, metabolism, and inflammation. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1726-1731. [PMID: 28865172 PMCID: PMC5581511 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor regulates G1/S transition during cell cycle progression by modulating the activity of E2F transcription factors. The RB pathway plays a central role in the suppression of most cancers, and RB mutation was initially discovered by virtue of its role in tumor initiation. However, as cancer genome sequencing has evolved to profile more advanced and treatment‐resistant cancers, it has become increasingly clear that, in the majority of cancers, somatic RB inactivation occurs during tumor progression. Furthermore, despite the presence of deregulation of cell cycle control due to an INK4A deletion, additional CCND amplification and/or other mutations in the RB pathway, mutation or deletion of the RB gene is often observed during cancer progression. Of note, RB inactivation during cancer progression not only facilitates G1/S transition but also enhances some characteristics of malignancy, including altered drug sensitivity and a return to the undifferentiated state. Recently, we reported that RB inactivation enhances pro‐inflammatory signaling through stimulation of the interleukin‐6/STAT3 pathway, which directly promotes various malignant features of cancer cells. In this review, we highlight the consequences of RB inactivation during cancer progression, and discuss the biological and pathological significance of the interaction between RB and pro‐inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kitajima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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94
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The RB–IL-6 axis controls self-renewal and endocrine therapy resistance by fine-tuning mitochondrial activity. Oncogene 2017; 36:5145-5157. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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95
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Zacksenhaus E, Liu J, Jiang Z, Yao Y, Xia L, Shrestha M, Ben-David Y. Transcription Factors in Breast Cancer—Lessons From Recent Genomic Analyses and Therapeutic Implications. CHROMATIN PROTEINS AND TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS AS THERAPEUTIC TARGETS 2017; 107:223-273. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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96
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Xu Z, Yan Y, Li Z, Qian L, Gong Z. The Antibiotic Drug Tigecycline: A Focus on its Promising Anticancer Properties. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:473. [PMID: 27994551 PMCID: PMC5133451 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline (TIG), the first member of glycylcycline bacteriostatic agents, has been approved to treat complicated infections in the clinic because of its expanded-spectrum antibiotic potential. Recently, an increasing number of studies have emphasized the anti-tumor effects of TIG. The inhibitory effects of TIG on cancer depend on several activating signaling pathways and abnormal mitochondrial function in cancer cells. The aim of this review is to summarize the cumulative anti-tumor evidence supporting TIG activity against different cancer types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), glioma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), among others. In addition, the efficacy and side effects of TIG in cancer patients are summarized in detail. Future clinical trials are also to be discussed that will evaluate the security and validate the underlying the tumor-killing properties of TIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China; Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China; Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China; Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
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97
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Sun X, Wang M, Wang M, Yu X, Guo J, Sun T, Li X, Yao L, Dong H, Xu Y. Birth order and multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 1982; 10:428. [PMID: 32296646 PMCID: PMC7136496 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an emerging hallmark of cancer cells, in which cancer cells exhibit distinct metabolic phenotypes to fuel their proliferation and progression. The significant advancements made in the area of metabolic reprogramming make possible new strategies for overcoming malignant cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with high histologic grade, aggressive phenotype, and poor prognosis. Even though triple-negative breast cancer patients benefit from standard chemotherapy, they still face high recurrence rates and are more likely to develop resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore vulnerabilities of triple-negative breast cancer and develop novel therapeutic drugs to improve clinical outcomes for triple-negative breast cancer patients. Metabolic reprogramming may provide promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. In this paper, we primarily discuss how triple-negative breast cancer cells reprogram their metabolic phenotype and that of stromal cells in the microenvironment to survive under nutrient-poor conditions. Considering that metastasis and chemoresistance are the main contributors to mortality in triple-negative breast cancer patients, we also focus on the role of metabolic adaption in mediating metastasis and chemoresistance of triple-negative breast cancer tumors.
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