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Chan AS, Lee TL, Hamblin MR, Cheung MC. Photobiomodulation Enhances Memory Processing in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1471-1480. [PMID: 33998541 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies of photobiomodulation (PBM) in patients with cognitive or psychological disorders (including traumatic brain injury, stroke, and dementia) have yielded some encouraging results. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of a single stimulation on memory in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS After PBM, hemodynamic changes, as a measure of functional brain activity, were evaluated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Eighteen subjects who met the criteria of MCI were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. A single real or sham PBM session was administered to the forehead of each patient in the experimental and control groups, respectively. All subjects performed a visual memory span test before and after the stimulation, and their hemodynamic responses during the tasks were measured using fNIRS. RESULTS The results showed that among the MCI subjects, only those who received PBM, but not those who received the sham stimulation, demonstrated significant improvement in the visual memory performance and a reduction in the hemodynamic response during the tasks. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that PBM may reduce the cognitive efforts needed to complete tasks that require high memory loads, and thus improve the cognitive performance of individuals with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes S Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz-Lok Lee
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Mei-Chun Cheung
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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52
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Ghaderi AH, Jahan A, Akrami F, Moghadam Salimi M. Transcranial photobiomodulation changes topology, synchronizability, and complexity of resting state brain networks. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 33873167 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abf97c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a recently proposed non-invasive brain stimulation approach with various effects on the nervous system from the cells to the whole brain networks. Specially in the neural network level, tPBM can alter the topology and synchronizability of functional brain networks. However, the functional properties of the neural networks after tPBM are still poorly clarified.Approach. Here, we employed electroencephalography and different methods (conventional and spectral) in the graph theory analysis to track the significant effects of tPBM on the resting state brain networks. The non-parametric statistical analysis showed that just one short-term tPBM session over right medial frontal pole can significantly change both topological (i.e. clustering coefficient, global efficiency, local efficiency, eigenvector centrality) and dynamical (i.e. energy, largest eigenvalue, and entropy) features of resting state brain networks.Main results. The topological results revealed that tPBM can reduce local processing, centrality, and laterality. Furthermore, the increased centrality of central electrode was observed.Significance. These results suggested that tPBM can alter topology of resting state brain network to facilitate the neural information processing. On the other hand, the dynamical results showed that tPBM reduced stability of synchronizability and increased complexity in the resting state brain networks. These effects can be considered in association with the increased complexity of connectivity patterns among brain regions and the enhanced information propagation in the resting state brain networks. Overall, both topological and dynamical features of brain networks suggest that although tPBM decreases local processing (especially in the right hemisphere) and disrupts synchronizability of network, but it can increase the level of information transferring and processing in the brain network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Ghaderi
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Canada.,Department of psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Iranian Neurowave Lab, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Jahan
- Department of Speech Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Akrami
- Iranian Neurowave Lab, Isfahan, Iran.,Faculty of Health Management and Information, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Moghadam Salimi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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53
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Li Y, Dong Y, Yang L, Tucker L, Yang B, Zong X, Hamblin MR, Zhang Q. Transcranial photobiomodulation prevents PTSD-like comorbidities in rats experiencing underwater trauma. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:270. [PMID: 33953158 PMCID: PMC8099909 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive fear memory processing after a traumatic event is a major contributor to the development of the comorbidities related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). An intervention to normalize this process could be a first-line treatment to prevent PTSD development. However, little progress has been made in identifying interventions that can prevent trauma survivors from developing PTSD. A treatment that could help trauma survivors cope with traumatic memories and decrease the prevalence of PTSD is thus in high demand. This study was designed to investigate the potential beneficial effects of early photobiomodulation (PBM) interventions to prevent PTSD-like comorbidities in animals. PTSD-like comorbidities in rats were induced by an underwater trauma (UWT) procedure, followed by multiple swimming sessions on later days for memory recall. Immediately after UWT and swimming, rats were restrained with or without PBM treatment (808 nm, 25 mW/cm2, 3 J/day). PTSD-like commodities, such as anxiety-like behavior, depression-like behavior, and cognitive dysfunction, were reproduced in UWT-rats. These comorbidities, however, could be prevented by early PBM interventions. By measuring the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) as neuronal activity markers, we found that PBM treatment differentially regulated Arc and c-fos expression in the hippocampus and amygdala, two PTSD-related brain regions. Additionally, PBM boosted ATP production and regulated protein expression in the hippocampus following stress. Our results demonstrate that PBM can modulate brain activity in response to traumatic and stressful events and that early PBM intervention can prevent the occurrence of PTSD-like comorbidities in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Luodan Yang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lorelei Tucker
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Baocheng Yang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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54
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Méndez M, Fidalgo C, Arias JL, Arias N. Methylene blue and photobiomodulation recover cognitive impairment in hepatic encephalopathy through different effects on cytochrome c-oxidase. Behav Brain Res 2021; 403:113164. [PMID: 33549685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in hepatic encephalopathy (HE), due to changes in enzyme cytochrome c-oxidase (CCO), causing a decline in brain metabolism. We used an HE animal model and applied intracranial administration of methylene blue (MB) and transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM), both targeting CCO, to determine their differential effects on recovering cognition. Five groups of rats were used: sham-operated group + saline (SHAM + SAL, n = 6), hepatic encephalopathy + SAL (HE + SAL, n = 7), SHAM + methylene blue (SHAM + MB, n = 7), HE + MB (n = 7), HE + PBM (n = 7). PBM animals were exposed transcranially to 670 +/- 10 nm LED light at a dose of 9 J/cm2 once a day for 7 days, and the MB and SAL groups were injected with 2.2 μg/0.5 μL in the accumbens. Cognitive dysfunction was evaluated on a striatal stimulus-response task using the Morris water maze. Our results showed cognitive improvement in the HE group when treated with MB. This improvement was accompanied by a decrease in CCO activity in the prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum, and dorsal hippocampus. When comparing MB and PBM, we found that, although both treatments effectively improved the HE-memory deficit, there was a differential effect on CCO. A general decrease in CCO activity was found in the prefrontal and entorhinal cortices, dorsal striatum, and hippocampus when PBM, compared to MB, was applied. Our results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and brain metabolic decline in HE might involve CCO alteration and can be improved by administering MB and PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Méndez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo s/n, Oviedo, 33003, Spain; INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Camino Fidalgo
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ciudad Escolar s/n, Teruel, 44003, Spain
| | - Jorge L Arias
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo s/n, Oviedo, 33003, Spain; INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Natalia Arias
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
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55
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Ramezani F, Neshasteh-Riz A, Ghadaksaz A, Fazeli SM, Janzadeh A, Hamblin MR. Mechanistic aspects of photobiomodulation therapy in the nervous system. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:11-18. [PMID: 33624187 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) previously known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used for over 30 years, to treat neurological diseases. Low-powered lasers are commonly used for clinical applications, although recently LEDs have become popular. Due to the growing application of this type of laser in brain and neural-related diseases, this review focuses on the mechanisms of laser action. The most important points to consider include the photon absorption by intracellular structures; the effect on the oxidative state of cells; and the effect on the expression of proteins involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, pain, and neuronal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Neshasteh-Riz
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghadaksaz
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7622, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - Seyedalireza Moghadas Fazeli
- Occupational Medicine Research Center (OMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
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56
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Transcranial laser stimulation: Mitochondrial and cerebrovascular effects in younger and older healthy adults. Brain Stimul 2021; 14:440-449. [PMID: 33636401 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial laser stimulation is a novel method of noninvasive brain stimulation found safe and effective for improving prefrontal cortex neurocognitive functions in healthy young adults. This method is different from electric and magnetic stimulation because it causes the photonic oxidation of cytochrome-c-oxidase, the rate-limiting enzyme for oxygen consumption and the major intracellular acceptor of photons from near-infrared light. This photobiomodulation effect promotes mitochondrial respiration, cerebrovascular oxygenation and neurocognitive function. Pilot studies suggest that transcranial photobiomodulation may also induce beneficial effects in aging individuals. OBJECTIVES Randomized, sham-controlled study to test photobiomodulation effects caused by laser stimulation on cytochrome-c-oxidase oxidation and hemoglobin oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex of 68 healthy younger and older adults, ages 18-85. METHODS Broadband near-infrared spectroscopy was used for the noninvasive quantification of bilateral cortical changes in oxidized cytochrome-c-oxidase and hemoglobin oxygenation before, during and after 1064-nm wavelength laser (IR-A laser, area: 13.6 cm2, power density: 250 mW/cm2) or sham stimulation of the right anterior prefrontal cortex (Brodmann Area 10). RESULTS As compared to sham control, there was a significant laser-induced increase in oxidized cytochrome-c-oxidase during laser stimulation, followed by a significant post-stimulation increase in oxygenated hemoglobin and a decrease in deoxygenated hemoglobin. Furthermore, there was a greater laser-induced effect on cytochrome-c-oxidase with increasing age, while laser-induced effects on cerebral hemodynamics decreased with increasing age. No adverse laser effects were found. CONCLUSION The findings support the use of transcranial photobiomodulation for cerebral oxygenation and alleviation of age-related decline in mitochondrial respiration. They justify further research on its therapeutic potential in neurologic and psychiatric diseases.
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57
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Kwon J, Im CH. Performance Improvement of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces Using Transcranial Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation With the Same Device. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2021; 28:2608-2614. [PMID: 33048667 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2020.3030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial near-infrared photobiomodulation (tNIR-PBM) can modulate physiological characteristics of the human brain, such as the cerebral blood flow and oxidative metabolism. Here, we investigated whether the performance of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can be improved by tNIR-PBM applied to the prefrontal cortex with the same NIRS device. A total of 14 healthy individuals participated in the NIRS-based BCI study where the aim was to distinguish the mental arithmetic task from the idle state (IS) task either after tNIR-PBM or after sham stimulation, with the two experiments being conducted at least two days apart. The tNIR-PBM was applied by simply turning on the NIRS recording equipment for 20 min. To evaluate the degree of performance improvement obtained after tNIR-PBM, the average BCI classification accuracy obtained under the tNIR-PBM condition was compared with that obtained under the sham stimulation condition. The classification accuracy of NIRS-based BCI was significantly improved upon conduction of tNIR-PBM (82.74%) as compared to that in the sham stimulation condition (76.07%, p < 0.005). Thus, our results suggest that simply turning on the NIRS recording equipment before the BCI experiment can improve the performance of the NIRS-based BCI system.
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58
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Dos Santos Cardoso F, Dos Santos JCC, Gonzalez-Lima F, Araújo BHS, Lopes-Martins RÁB, Gomes da Silva S. Effects of Chronic Photobiomodulation with Transcranial Near-Infrared Laser on Brain Metabolomics of Young and Aged Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2256-2268. [PMID: 33417219 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since laser photobiomodulation has been found to enhance brain energy metabolism and cognition, we conducted the first metabolomics study to systematically analyze the metabolites modified by brain photobiomodulation. Aging is often accompanied by cognitive decline and susceptibility to neurodegeneration, including deficits in brain energy metabolism and increased susceptibility of nerve cells to oxidative stress. Changes in oxidative stress and energetic homeostasis increase neuronal vulnerability, as observed in diseases related to brain aging. We evaluated and compared the cortical and hippocampal metabolic pathways of young (4 months old) and aged (20 months old) control rats with those of rats exposed to transcranial near-infrared laser over 58 consecutive days. Statistical analyses of the brain metabolomics data indicated that chronic transcranial photobiomodulation (1) significantly enhances the metabolic pathways of young rats, particularly for excitatory neurotransmission and oxidative metabolism, and (2) restores the altered metabolic pathways of aged rats towards levels found in younger rats, mainly in the cerebral cortex. These novel metabolomics findings may help complement other laser-induced neurocognitive, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrízio Dos Santos Cardoso
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido Xavier de Almeida e Souza, 200, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, CEP 08780-911, Brazil.,Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Júlio César Claudino Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Gonzalez-Lima
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Bruno Henrique Silva Araújo
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba (UNIVAP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Gomes da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido Xavier de Almeida e Souza, 200, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, CEP 08780-911, Brazil. .,Centro Universitário UNIFAMINAS (UNIFAMINAS), Muriaé, MG, Brazil. .,Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé, Fundação Cristiano Varella (FCV), Muriaé, MG, Brazil.
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Photobiomodulation and diffusing optical fiber on spinal cord's impact on nerve cells from normal spinal cord tissue in piglets. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:259-267. [PMID: 33389267 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Experts have proven that photobiological regulation therapy for spinal cord injury promotes the spinal repair following injury. The traditional irradiation therapy mode is indirect (percutaneous irradiation), which could significantly lower the effective use of light energy. In earlier studies, we developed an implantable optical fiber that one can embed above the spinal cord lamina, and the light directly is cast onto the surface of the spinal cord in a way that can dramatically improve energy use. Nonetheless, it remains to be seen whether near-infrared light diffused by embedded optical fiber can have side effects on the surrounding nerve cells. Given this, we implanted optical fiber on the lamina of a normal spinal cord to observe the structural integrity of the tissue using morphological staining; we also used immunohistochemistry to detect inflammatory factors. Considering the existing studies, we meant to determine that the light energy diffused by embedded optical fiber has no side effect on the normal tissue. The results of this study will lay a foundation for the clinical application of the treatment of spinal cord injury by near-infrared light irradiation.
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60
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Effects of photobiomodulation and swimming on gene expression in rats with the tibialis anterior muscle injury. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1379-1387. [PMID: 33106989 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (low-level laser therapy (LLLT)) and aquatic exercise on the expression of genes related to muscle regeneration in rats. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control group (n = 15), non-treated injury group (n = 15), injury+LLLT group (n = 15), injury+aquatic exercise group (n = 15), and injury+LLLT+aquatic exercise group (n = 15). Cryoinjury was performed on the belly of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. LLLT was performed daily with an AlGaAs laser (830 nm; beam spot of 0.0324 cm2, output power of 100 mW, energy density of 180 J/cm2, and 58-s exposure time). Animals were euthanized at 7, 14, and 21 days. The TA muscles were removed for gene expression analysis of TGF-β, Myogenin, and MyoD. The results were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 5%. The cryoinjury increased the expression of genes related to muscle regeneration-MyoD, Myogenin, and TGF-β-compared to the control group (p < 0.05); the photobiomodulation increased the expression of these genes at day 7 (p < 0.05), decreasing until day 21; and the aquatic exercise increases the expression of the three genes over time. When the two treatments were combined, the expression of the analyzed genes also increased over time. In summary, the results of our study suggest that photobiomodulation (LLLT), when applied alone in cryoinjury, is able to increase the gene expression of MyoD, Myogenin, and TGF-β at the acute phase, while when combined with aquatic exercises, there is an increase in expression of these genes specially at the long-term treatment.
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61
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Hypothetical mechanism of light action on nitric oxide physiological effects. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1389-1395. [PMID: 33104897 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a universal cellular mediator. It is involved in many physiological processes, including those induced by light. The disability for complete analysis of the nitric oxide metabolites in tissues prevents the exact understanding of the role of NO in a particular process. The sensitivity and selectivity of an enzymatic sensor developed in our lab is based on the detection of all NO groups that carry a positive charge or acquire it in the chemical processes. Using this sensor, we have shown that dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC), being principal nitric oxide donors in most of living tissues, undergo transformations under light irradiation in the wavelength range of 400-700 nm. These changes are not associated with nitric oxide release to the environment. But a nitrosyl iron complex without thiol ligands (Fe(NO)n) is produced. Moreover, in the moment of the complex reorganization, the chemical bond between the NO group and other components apparently weakens and, in the presence of a substance possessing chemical affinity to the NO group, the latter acquires the ability of transition from the complex to this substance. Therefore, the efficiency of NO donors first of all depends on the existence of the NO target and its status including that under the action of light. The activation of a donor compound by light can facilitate the transfer of NO to the target. Transfer of NO from the donor to the target occurs without releasing NO, or with a minimum time of its stay in the unbound state.
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Urquhart EL, Wanniarachchi H, Wang X, Gonzalez-Lima F, Alexandrakis G, Liu H. Transcranial photobiomodulation-induced changes in human brain functional connectivity and network metrics mapped by whole-head functional near-infrared spectroscopy in vivo. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5783-5799. [PMID: 33149986 PMCID: PMC7587286 DOI: 10.1364/boe.402047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) with near-infrared light on the human head has been shown to enhance human cognition. In this study, tPBM-induced effects on resting state brain networks were investigated using 111-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy over the whole head. Measurements were collected with and without 8-minute tPBM in 19 adults. Functional connectivity (FC) and brain network metrics were quantified using Pearson's correlation coefficients and graph theory analysis (GTA), respectively, for the periods of pre-, during, and post-tPBM. Our results revealed that tPBM (1) enhanced information processing speed and efficiency of the brain network, and (2) increased FC significantly in the frontal-parietal network, shedding light on a better understanding of tPBM effects on brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L. Urquhart
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Hashini Wanniarachchi
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Xinlong Wang
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Francisco Gonzalez-Lima
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - George Alexandrakis
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Hanli Liu
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
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63
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Arias JL, Mendez M, Martínez JÁ, Arias N. Differential effects of photobiomodulation interval schedules on brain cytochrome c-oxidase and proto-oncogene expression. NEUROPHOTONICS 2020; 7:045011. [PMID: 33313338 PMCID: PMC7723391 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.7.4.045011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique capable of producing changes in the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase (CCO) activity of neurons. Although the application of PBM in clinical practice and as a neurophysiological tool is increasing, less is known about how different treatment time intervals may result in different outcomes. Aim: We evaluated the effects of different PBM treatment intervals on brain metabolic activity through the CCO and proto-oncogene expression (c-Fos). Approach: We studied PBM effects on brain CCO and c-Fos expression in three groups of animals: Control (CN, n = 8 ), long interval PBM treatment (LI, n = 5 ), and short interval PBM treatment (SI, n = 5 ). Results: Increased CCO activity in the LI group, compared to the SI and CN groups, was found in the prefrontal cortices, dorsal and ventral striatum, and hippocampus. Regarding c-Fos expression, we found a significant increase in the SI group compared to LI and CN, whereas LI showed increased c-Fos expression compared to CN in the cingulate and infralimbic cortices. Conclusions: We show the effectiveness of different PBM interval schedules in increasing brain metabolic activity or proto-oncogene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Arias
- University of Oviedo, Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Oviedo, Spain
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Mendez
- University of Oviedo, Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Oviedo, Spain
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Martínez
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- University of Oviedo, Escuela Politécnica de Gijón, Departamento Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Computadores y Sistemas, Gijón, Spain
| | - Natalia Arias
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King´s College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
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64
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Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on radiodermatitis in a mouse model: an experimental animal study. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:843-853. [PMID: 32876761 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) for prevention of radiodermatitis in an irradiated mouse model and compare the efficacy of PBM using 633- or 830-nm wavelengths. Irradiated mice were randomly distributed into three groups: A (633 nm), B (830 nm), and C (without PBM). On post-irradiation days 7 and 21, we compared acute damage and recovery in treated skin samples to non-irradiated skin using H&E, Masson's trichrome, anti-CD45 and PCNA immunohistochemistry, and a TUNEL assay. Grade 3 radiodermatitis was evident only in group C. Compared with that in group C, the skin in groups A and B had significantly less epidermal hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and thinner dermis on day 7 and less inflammatory cell infiltration, fewer apoptotic cells, and thinner dermis on day 21. However, there was no significant difference between groups A and B. This study indicates PBM could prevent severe radiodermatitis by reducing epidermal and dermal damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. There was no difference in PBM efficacy between the 633- and 830-nm wavelengths.
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65
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Kim YM, Ko SH, Shin YI, Kim Y, Kim T, Jung J, Lee SY, Kim NG, Park KJ, Ryu JH. Light-emitting diode irradiation induces AKT/mTOR-mediated apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells and xenograft mouse model. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1362-1374. [PMID: 32749680 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation have been reported in various pathologies, including cancer. However, its effect in pancreatic cancer cells remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that blue LED of 460 nm regulated pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of apoptosis-related factors, such as mutant p53 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and decreasing the expression of RAC-β serine/threonine kinase 2 (AKT2), the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Blue LED irradiation also increased the levels of cleaved poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 in pancreatic cancer cells, while it suppressed AKT2 expression and inhibited tumor growth in xenograft tumor tissues. In conclusion, blue LED irradiation suppressed pancreatic cancer cell and tumor growth by regulating AKT/mTOR signaling. Our findings indicated that blue LEDs could be used as a nonpharmacological treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Kim
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwa Ko
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonye Kim
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyung Kim
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yull Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Gyun Kim
- Medical Research Center of Color Seven, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jun Park
- Medical Research Center of Color Seven, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ryu
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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66
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Tsai CM, Chang SF, Chang H. Transcranial photobiomodulation attenuates pentylenetetrazole-induced status epilepticus in peripubertal rats. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000095. [PMID: 32362066 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Convulsive status epilepticus is the most common neurological emergency in children. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) reverses elevated rodent neurotransmitters after status epilepticus (SE) yet whether tPBM can attenuate seizure behaviors remains unknown. Here, we applied near-infrared laser at wavelength 808 nm transcranially to peripubertal Sprague-Dawley rats prior to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection. Hematoxylin-eosin, immunofluorescence (IF) staining with anti-parvalbumin (PV) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay after IF staining was performed. Behaviorally, tPBM attenuated the mean seizure score and reduced the incidence of SE and mortality. Histochemically, tPBM reduced dark neurons in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus and hypothalamus, lessened the apoptotic ratio of parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV-INs) and alleviated the aberrant extent of PV-positive unstained somata of PCs in the hippocampus. Conclusively, tPBM attenuated PTZ-induced seizures, SE and mortality in peripubertal rats and reduced PTZ-induced neuronal injury, apoptosis of PV-INs and preserved PV positive perisomatic inhibitory network in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Min Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Fen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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67
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Tomé RFF, Silva DFB, Dos Santos CAO, de Vasconcelos Neves G, Rolim AKA, de Castro Gomes DQ. ILIB (intravascular laser irradiation of blood) as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic systemic diseases-an integrative literature review. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1899-1907. [PMID: 32656732 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To perform an integrative review of the literature on the effectiveness of intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of chronic systemic diseases. This is an integrative literature review that included non-randomized and randomized controlled clinical trials that specifically evaluated the therapeutic effect of ILIB on chronic systemic diseases, without restriction of time, and written in English. The Medical Publications (PubMed)/MEDLINE database was used. MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) was used to select search descriptors with the Boolean operators "AND/OR." After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles were selected. Coronary diseases were the most prevalent, followed by type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the coronary artery being the most widely used access route for ILIB application. Despite the varied parameters and protocols for using this kind of therapy, all studies have shown satisfactory results in the patients' clinical condition. ILIB proved to be effective in all organic systems, showing some positive result. However, studies on the effect of this therapy on various diseases are still scarce in the literature, and there is a need for more well-designed clinical trials to better understand the role of ILIB in various systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Filipe Bezerra Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351 - Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil.
- Departament of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351 - Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil.
| | - Carlus Alberto Oliveira Dos Santos
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351 - Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Gabriella de Vasconcelos Neves
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351 - Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Almeida Rolim
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351 - Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Daliana Queiroga de Castro Gomes
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351 - Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil
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68
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de Pauli Paglioni M, Faria KM, Palmier NR, Prado-Ribeiro AC, E Dias RB, da Graça Pinto H, Treister NS, Epstein JB, Migliorati CA, Santos-Silva AR, Brandão TB. Patterns of oral mucositis in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients managed with prophylactic photobiomodulation therapy-insights for future protocol development. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:429-436. [PMID: 32627112 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To characterize oral sites affected by radiation-induced oral mucositis (OM) and related clinical outcomes in oral cancer patients subjected to prophylactic photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). This study included advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients treated with prophylactic PBMT for OM. The site distribution of OM, OM grading (CTCAE NCI, Version 4.0, 2010), OM-related pain (VAS), analgesic protocol (WHO Analgesic Ladder), and use of enteral nutrition were evaluated weekly during treatment. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics expressed as median values and percentages. A total of 145 OSCC patients were included. OM most frequently affected the lateral border of the tongue (44.1%), buccal mucosa (37.2%), and labial mucosa (33.8%). Keratinized oral mucosa sites, including the tongue dorsum (6.21%), retromolar trigone (8.3%), and hard palate (2.76%), were less frequently affected. Peak OM scores were observed at weeks 5, 6, and 7, with severe OM (NCI grades 3 and 4) rates of 11%, 20%, and 25%, respectively. The cumulative occurrence of severe OM was 23%, which developed as early as week 3 and as late as week 7. The highest mean value of OM-related pain (2.7) was observed at the sixth week, and 13.8% of the patients required feeding support. This study showed, compared with studies that did not provide PBMT, reduced severity of mucositis, reduced pain and analgesic use, and reduced tube feeding in patients treated with PBMT. OM involving keratinized and non-keratinized surfaces should be included in the prophylactic PBMT to reduce severe OM in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Pauli Paglioni
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Morais Faria
- Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Natália Rangel Palmier
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Prado-Ribeiro
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Brito E Dias
- Department of Bucomaxillofacial Prosthesis, University of São Paulo Dental School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique da Graça Pinto
- Department of Bucomaxillofacial Prosthesis, University of São Paulo Dental School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathaniel Simon Treister
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel B Epstein
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Hospital System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Bianca Brandão
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
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69
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Fischlechner R, Kofler B, Schartinger VH, Dudas J, Riechelmann H. Does low-level laser therapy affect the survival of patients with head and neck cancer? Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:599-604. [PMID: 32583188 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is used in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) for treatment-related mucositis. There is conflicting evidence as to whether LLLT leads to the proliferation of tumor cells and whether it interferes with the tumoricidal effect of radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, if the tumor lies within the LLLT field. Using fuzzy matching, 126 HNC patients who had received LLLT including the tumor region and 126 matching HNC patients without LLLT (controls) treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, were identified. The overall survival was compared using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Fuzzy matching yielded 2 patient samples well comparable in terms of risk of death. The survival did not significantly differ between patients with and without LLLT (p = 0.18). An increased risk of death in HNC patients who received LLLT covering the tumor region was not observed in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Fischlechner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Volker Hans Schartinger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jozsef Dudas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Riechelmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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70
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McColloch A, Liebman C, Liu H, Cho M. Alterted Adipogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Photobiomodulation Using 1064 nm Laser Light. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 53:263-274. [PMID: 32495397 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the influence of light irradiation on biological tissues. Laser light in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum has been shown to mitigate pain, reduce inflammation, and promote wound healing. The cellular mechanism that mediates PBM's effects is generally accepted to be at the site of the mitochondria, leading to an increased flux through the electron transport chain and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Moreover, PBM has been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress through an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sequestering enzymes. The aim of the study is to determine whether these PBM-induced effects expedite or interfere with the intended stem cell differentiation to the adipogenic lineage. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine the effects of 1064 nm laser irradiation (fluence of 8.8-26.4 J/cm2 ) on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) undergoing adipogenic differentiation, the ATP and ROS levels, and adipogenic markers were quantitatively measured. RESULTS At a low fluence (8.8 J/cm2 ) the ATP increase was essentially negligible, whereas a higher fluence induced a significant increase. In the laser-stimulated cells, PBM over time decreased the ROS level compared with the non-treated control group and significantly reduced the extent of adipogenesis. A reduction in the ROS level was correlated with a diminished lipid accumulation, reduced production of adipose-specific genetic markers, and delayed the chemically intended adipogenesis. CONCLUSION We characterized the use of NIR light exposure to modulate adipogenesis. Both the ATP and ROS levels in hMSCs responded to different energy densities. The current study is expected to contribute significantly to the growing field of PBM as well as stem cell tissue engineering by demonstrating the wavelength-dependent responses of hMSC differentiation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McColloch
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019
| | - Caleb Liebman
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019
| | - Michael Cho
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019
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71
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Wu Q, Wang X, Liu H, Zeng L. Learning Hemodynamic Effect of Transcranial Infrared Laser Stimulation Using Longitudinal Data Analysis. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2020; 24:1772-1779. [PMID: 31714245 PMCID: PMC7316150 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2019.2951772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS) is a promising noninvasive intervention for neurological diseases. Though some experimental work has been done to understand the mechanism of TILS, the reported statistical analysis of data is quite simple and could not provide a comprehensive picture on the effect of TILS. This study learns the effect of TILS on hemodynamics of the human brain from experimental data using longitudinal data analysis methods. Specifically, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) is first applied to confirm the significance of the TILS effect and its characteristics. Based on that, two parametric mixed-effect models and non-parametric functional mixed-effect model are proposed to model the population-level performance and individual variation of this effect. Interpretations on the fitted models are provided, and comparison of the three proposed models in terms of fitting and prediction performance is made to select the best model. According to the selected model, TILS increases the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the brain and this effect sustains even after the treatment stops. Also, there is considerable variation among individual responses to TILS.
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72
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Efficacy of low-level laser therapy on management of Bell's palsy: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1245-1252. [PMID: 32318918 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in patients with Bell's palsy (BP) through a systematic review method. We systematically searched international databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find eligible articles without language limitation. All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy of the LLLT with placebo laser, exercise, massage, or no intervention on BP patients were included. Four studies (out of 259) had met our inclusion criteria involving 171 patients and were entered to the systematic review. Full texts of the selected studies were retrieved and critically appraised using Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. The patients of all trials were in sub-acute (less than 1 week) stage. Both of LLLT and control groups showed significant improvement after trials. Two authors reported significant differences between the groups after 6 weeks of laser application (830 nm, 100 mW). In converse, two other authors did not identify any effectiveness following 4 weeks and 15 days of LLLT application with 670 and 830 nm wavelength, sequentially. There is clear lack of information lead to get and evidence-based suggestion for the LLLT application on Bells' palsy; however, the LLLT irradiation with 830 nm and 100 mW power for a period of 6 weeks might be beneficial on recovery for the patients with sub-acute Bell's palsy. There were no reported adverse effects during treatment and/or follow-up sessions.
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73
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Pruitt T, Wang X, Wu A, Kallioniemi E, Husain MM, Liu H. Transcranial Photobiomodulation (tPBM) With 1,064-nm Laser to Improve Cerebral Metabolism of the Human Brain In Vivo. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 52:807-813. [PMID: 32173886 PMCID: PMC7492377 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In our previous proof-of-principle study, transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) with 1,064-nm laser was reported to significantly increase concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin (∆[HbO]) and oxidized-state cytochrome c oxidase (∆[oxi-CCO]) in the human brain. This paper further investigated (i) its validity in two different subsets of young human subjects at two study sites over a period of 3 years and (ii) age-related effects of tPBM by comparing sham-controlled increases of ∆[HbO] and ∆[oxi-CCO] between young and older adults. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured sham-controlled ∆[HbO] and ∆[oxi-CCO] using broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (bb-NIRS) in 15 young (26.7 ± 2.7 years of age) and 5 older (68.2 ± 4.8 years of age) healthy normal subjects before, during, and after right-forehead tPBM/sham stimulation with 1,064-nm laser. Student t tests were used to test statistical differences in tPBM-induced ∆[HbO] and ∆[oxi-CCO] (i) between the 15 young subjects and those of 11 reported previously and (ii) between the two age groups measured in this study. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that no significant difference existed in ∆[HbO] and ∆[oxi-CCO] during and post tPBM between the two subsets of young subjects at two study sites over a period of 3 years. Furthermore, the two age groups showed statistically identical net increases in sham-controlled ∆[HbO] and ∆[oxi-CCO]. CONCLUSIONS This study provided strong evidence to validate/confirm our previous findings that tPBM with 1,064-nm laser enables to increase cerebral ∆[HbO] and ∆[oxi-CCO] in the human brain, as measured by bb-NIRS. Overall, it demonstrated the robust reproducibility of tPBM being able to improve cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism of the human brain in vivo in both young and older adults. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrell Pruitt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 UTA Blvd, Arlington, Texas, 76019.,Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75390
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 UTA Blvd, Arlington, Texas, 76019
| | - Anqi Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 UTA Blvd, Arlington, Texas, 76019
| | - Elisa Kallioniemi
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75390
| | - Mustafa M Husain
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75390
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 UTA Blvd, Arlington, Texas, 76019
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74
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Study of transcranial photobiomodulation at 945-nm wavelength: anxiety and depression. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1945-1954. [PMID: 32144511 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02983-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial photobiomodulation is an innovative method for the stimulation of neural activity which consists of the exposure of neural tissue to low-level light irradiance. In the present study, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used as light source due to their practicality and low cost. The objective was to analyze the effects of transcranial photobiomodulation using 945-nm LED in university students with anxiety and depression. Sample was composed of 22 individuals (17-25 years of age) divided into 2 groups of 11. LED group was treated with 945-nm LEDs for 1 min and 25 s (9.35 J/cm2), while in the placebo group, the device was off when placed in contact with the frontal bone for the same amount of time as in treatment group. Participants were evaluated at baseline and after 30 days with the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), the faces test, the designs test, and the grip strength test. On the HADS for anxiety, the mean PAB, PAA, PhAB, and PhAA were 13.89 ± 3.55, 12.82 ± 3.18, 10.75 ± 2.49, and 6.66 ± 2.50 points, respectively. In the HADS for depression, the mean for the PDB group was 13.89 ± 3.55 points, in the PhDB group 12.82 ± 3.18 points, in the PDA group 10.75 ± 2.49 points, and in the PhDA group 6.66 ± 2.50 points. In the PA and PD groups, mean values of 8.0 ± 1.5 and 8.9 ± 1.26 scores were obtained, but did not reach significance; however, between PA and PhD analysis, a significance level of p = 0.0003 was obtained. The 945-nm LED transcranial photobiomodulation improves brain activity and may clinically decrease anxiety and depression.
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75
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Feehan J, Tripodi N, Fraser S, Mikkelsen K, Thewlis A, Kiatos D, Husaric M, Apostolopoulos V. Polarized light therapy: Shining a light on the mechanism underlying its immunomodulatory effects. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960177. [PMID: 31816155 PMCID: PMC7065605 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of polychromatic polarized light therapy (PLT) on human monocyte cells. While there is some evidence demonstrating a clinical effect in the treatment of certain conditions, there is little research into its mechanism of action. Herein, U937 monocyte cells were cultured and exposed to PLT. The cells were then analyzed for change in expression of genes and cell surface markers relating to inflammation. It was noted that 6 hours of PLT reduced the expression of the CD14, MHC I and CD11b receptors, and increased the expression of CD86. It was also shown that PLT caused downregulation of the genes IL1B, CCL2, NLRP3 and NOD1, and upregulation of NFKBIA and TLR9. These findings imply that PLT has the capacity for immunomodulation in human immune cells, possibly exerting an anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feehan
- Osteopathy Group, College of Health and BiomedicineVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)University of Melbourne and Western HealthSt AlbansVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nicholas Tripodi
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
- First Year CollegeVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - April Thewlis
- Osteopathy Group, College of Health and BiomedicineVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
| | - Dimitrios Kiatos
- Osteopathy Group, College of Health and BiomedicineVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
| | - Maja Husaric
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
- First Year CollegeVictoria UniversityVictoriaAustralia
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76
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Transcranial near-infrared stimulation may increase cortical excitability recorded in humans. Brain Res Bull 2020; 155:155-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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77
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Yamada EF, Bobinski F, Martins DF, Palandi J, Folmer V, da Silva MD. Photobiomodulation therapy in knee osteoarthritis reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in rats. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201900204. [PMID: 31568634 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that causes pain and gradual degeneration of the articular cartilage. In this study, MIA-induced OA knee model was used in rats to test the effects of the photobiomodulation therapy (PBM). We analyzed the inflammatory process (pain and cytokine levels), and its influence on the oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. Knee OA was induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) intra-articular injection (1.5 mg/50 μL) and the rats were treated with eight sessions of PBM 3 days/week (904 nm, 6 or 18 J/cm2 ). For each animal, mechanical and cold hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain were evaluated; biological analyses were performed in blood serum, intra-articular lavage, knee structures, spinal cord and brainstem. Cytokine assays were performed in knee, spinal cord and brainstem samples. The effects of the 18 J/cm2 dose of PBM were promising in reducing pain and neutrophil activity in knee samples, together with reducing oxidative stress damage in blood serum and spinal cord samples. PBM improved the antioxidant capacity in blood serum and brainstem, and decreased the knee pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Our study demonstrated that PBM decreased oxidative damage, inflammation and pain. Therefore, this therapy could be an important tool in the treatment of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloá F Yamada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience (LaNEx), Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience (LaNEx), Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliete Palandi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Center for Health and Sports Sciences, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Folmer
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Morgana D da Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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78
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Yuan Y, Cassano P, Pias M, Fang Q. Transcranial photobiomodulation with near-infrared light from childhood to elderliness: simulation of dosimetry. NEUROPHOTONICS 2020; 7:015009. [PMID: 32118086 PMCID: PMC7039173 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.7.1.015009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects over 40 million U.S. adults in their lifetime. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) has been shown to be effective in treating MDD, but the current treatment dosage does not account for head and brain anatomical changes due to aging. Aim: We study effective t-PBM dosage and its variations across age groups using state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulations and age-dependent brain atlases ranging between 5 and 85 years of age. Approach: Age-dependent brain models are derived from 18 MRI brain atlases. Two extracranial source positions, F3-F4 and Fp1-Fpz-Fp2 in the EEG 10-20 system, are simulated at five selected wavelengths and energy depositions at two MDD-relevant cortical regions-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)-are quantified. Results: An overall decrease of energy deposition was found with increasing age. A strong negative correlation between the thickness of extracerebral tissues (ECT) and energy deposition was observed, suggesting that increasing ECT thickness over age is primarily responsible for reduced energy delivery. The F3-F4 position appears to be more efficient in reaching dlPFC compared to treating vmPFC via the Fp1-Fpz-Fp2 position. Conclusions: Quantitative simulations revealed age-dependent light delivery across the lifespan of human brains, suggesting the need for personalized and age-adaptive t-PBM treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoshen Yuan
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Matthew Pias
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to Qianqian Fang, E-mail:
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79
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Long-term analyses of spastic muscle behavior in chronic poststroke patients after near-infrared low-level laser therapy (808 nm): a double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:1459-1467. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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80
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Park JH, Byun HJ, Lee JH, Kim H, Noh JM, Kim CR, Oh D. Feasibility of photobiomodulation therapy for the prevention of radiodermatitis: a single-institution pilot study. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:1119-1127. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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81
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Sousa AS, Silva JF, Pavesi VCS, Carvalho NA, Ribeiro-Júnior O, Varellis MLZ, Prates RA, Bussadori SK, Gonçalves MLL, Horliana ACRT, Deana AM. Photobiomodulation and salivary glands: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:777-788. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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82
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Askalsky P, Iosifescu DV. Transcranial Photobiomodulation For The Management Of Depression: Current Perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3255-3272. [PMID: 31819453 PMCID: PMC6878920 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s188906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent condition associated with high rates of disability, as well as suicidal ideation and behavior. Current treatments for MDD have significant limitations in efficacy and side effect burden. FDA-approved devices for MDD are burdensome (due to repeated in-office procedures) and are most suitable for severely ill subjects. There is a critical need for device-based treatments in MDD that are efficacious, well-tolerated, and easy to use. In this paper, we review a novel neuromodulation strategy, transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) with near-infrared light (NIR). The scope of our review includes the known biological mechanisms of t-PBM, as well as its efficacy in animal models of depression and in patients with MDD. Theoretically, t-PBM penetrates into the cerebral cortex, stimulating the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and also significantly increases cerebral blood flow. Animal and human studies, using a variety of t-PBM settings and experimental models, suggest that t-PBM may have significant efficacy and good tolerability in MDD. In aggregate, these data support the need for large confirmatory studies for t-PBM as a novel, likely safe, and easy-to-administer antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Askalsky
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan V Iosifescu
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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83
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de la Torre JC, Olmo AD, Valles S. Can mild cognitive impairment be stabilized by showering brain mitochondria with laser photons? Neuropharmacology 2019; 171:107841. [PMID: 31704275 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is now substantial evidence that cerebral blood flow (CBF) declines with age. From age 20 to 60, CBF is estimated to dip about 16% and continues to drop at a rate of 0.4%/year. This CBF dip will slowly reduce oxygen/glucose delivery to brain thus lowering ATP energy production needed by brain cells to perform normal activities. Reduced ATP production from mitochondrial loss or damage in the wear-and-tear of aging worsens when vascular risk factors (VRF) to Alzheimer's disease develop that can accelerate both age-decline CBF and mitochondrial deficiency to a level where mild cognitive impairment (MCI) develops. To date, no pharmacological or any other treatment has been successful in reversing, stabilizing or delaying MCI. For the first time in medical interventions, a non-pharmacological, non-invasive, well-tolerated, easy to perform, free of significant side effects and cost-effective treatment may achieve what virtually all AD treatments in the past have been unable to accomplish. This intervention uses transcranial infrared brain stimulation (TIBS), a form of photobiomodulation (PBM). PBM is a bioenergetic non-ionizing, therapeutic approach using low level light emission from laser or light emitting diodes. PBM has been used in a number of neurological conditions including Parkinson's disease, depression, traumatic brain injury, and stroke with diverse reported benefits. This brief review examines the impact of reduced energy supply stemming from chronic brain hypoperfusion in the aging brain. In this context, the use of TIBS is planned in a randomized, placebo-controlled study of MCI patients to be done at our University Clinic. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'The Quest for Disease-Modifying Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack C de la Torre
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
| | - Antonio Del Olmo
- Neurology Section, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, 46017, Spain
| | - Soraya Valles
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain
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84
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Lee JH, Lee MY, Chung PS, Jung JY. Photobiomodulation using low-level 808 nm diode laser rescues cochlear synaptopathy after acoustic overexposure in rat. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900145. [PMID: 31240853 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A certain degree of noise can cause hearing problems without a permanent change in the hearing threshold, which is called hidden hearing loss and results from partial loss of auditory synapses. Photobiomodulation (PBM) enhances neural growth and connections in the peripheral nervous systems. In this study, we assessed whether PBM could rescue cochlear synaptopathy after acoustic overexposure in rat. PBM was performed for 7 days after noise exposure. The auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were acquired before and after noise exposure using a tone and a paired-click stimulus. Auditory response to paired click sound with short time interval was performed to evaluate auditory temporal processing ability. In the result, hearing threshold recovered 2 weeks after noise exposure in both groups. Peak wave 1 amplitude of the ABR and ABR recovery threshold did not recover in the noise only group, whereas it fully recovered in the noise + PBM group. The number of synaptic ribbons was significantly different in the control and noise only groups, while there was no difference between the control and noise + PBM group. These results indicate that PBM rescued peak wave 1 amplitude and maintained the auditory temporal processing ability resulting from a loss of synaptic ribbons after acoustic overexposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hun Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Interdiscriplinary Program for Medical Laser, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Interdiscriplinary Program for Medical Laser, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Interdiscriplinary Program for Medical Laser, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Interdiscriplinary Program for Medical Laser, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
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85
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De Moraes TF, Filho JCC, Oishi JC, Almeida-Lopes L, Parizotto NA, Rodrigues GJ. Energy-dependent effect trial of photobiomodulation on blood pressure in hypertensive rats. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:1041-1046. [PMID: 31664552 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this work was to construct an energy-dependent response curve of photobiomodulation on arterial pressure in hypertension animal model. To reach this objective, we have used a two-kidney one clip (2K-1C) rat model. Animals received acute laser light irradiation (660 nm) on abdominal region using different energy (0.6, 1.8, 3.6, 7.2, 13.8, 28.2, 55.8, and 111.6 J), the direct arterial pressure was measured by femoral cannulation, and systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), heart rate (HR), and time of effect were obtained. Our results indicated that 660 nm laser light presents an energy-dependent hypotensive effect, and 28.2 J energy irradiation reached the maximum hypotensive effect, inducing a decreased SAP, DAP, and HR (decrease in SAP: - 19.23 ± 1.82 mmHg, n = 11; DAP: - 9.57 ± 2.23 mmHg, n = 11; HR: - 39.15 ± 5.10 bpm, n = 11; and time of hypotensive effect: 3068.00 ± 719.00 s, n = 11). The higher energy irradiation evaluated (111.6 J) did not induce a hypotensive effect and induced an increase in HR (21.69 ± 7.89 bpm, n = 7). Taken together, our results indicate that red laser energy irradiation from 7.2 to 55.8 J is the effective therapeutic window to reduce SAP, DAP, MAP, and HR and induce a long-lasting hypotensive effect in rats, with effect loss at higher energy irradiation (111.6 J).
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Affiliation(s)
- T F De Moraes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - J C C Filho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - J C Oishi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - L Almeida-Lopes
- Nucleus of Research and Teaching of Phototherapy in Health Sciences - NUPEN, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - N A Parizotto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - G J Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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86
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Holmes E, Barrett DW, Saucedo CL, O’Connor P, Liu H, Gonzalez-Lima F. Cognitive Enhancement by Transcranial Photobiomodulation Is Associated With Cerebrovascular Oxygenation of the Prefrontal Cortex. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1129. [PMID: 31680847 PMCID: PMC6813459 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS) is a novel, safe, non-invasive method of brain photobiomodulation. Laser stimulation of the human prefrontal cortex causes cognitive enhancement. To investigate the hemodynamic effects in prefrontal cortex by which this cognitive enhancement occurs, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is a safe, non-invasive method of monitoring hemodynamics. We measured concentration changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, total hemoglobin and differential effects in 18 healthy adults during sustained attention and working memory performance, before and after laser of the right prefrontal cortex. We also measured 16 sham controls without photobiomodulation. fNIRS revealed large effects on prefrontal oxygenation during cognitive enhancement post-laser and provided the first demonstration that cognitive enhancement by transcranial photobiomodulation is associated with cerebrovascular oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex. Sham control data served to rule out that the laser effects were due to pre-post task repetition or other non-specific effects. A laser-fNIRS combination may be useful to stimulate and monitor cerebrovascular oxygenation associated with neurocognitive enhancement in healthy individuals and in those with prefrontal hypometabolism, such as in cognitive aging, dementia and many neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Holmes
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Douglas W. Barrett
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Celeste L. Saucedo
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Patrick O’Connor
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - F. Gonzalez-Lima
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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87
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Salehpour F, Majdi A, Pazhuhi M, Ghasemi F, Khademi M, Pashazadeh F, Hamblin MR, Cassano P. Transcranial Photobiomodulation Improves Cognitive Performance in Young Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2019; 37:635-643. [PMID: 31549906 PMCID: PMC6818490 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) is a noninvasive modality that may improve cognitive function in both healthy and diseased subjects. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis addresses the question of whether t-PBM improves cognitive function in healthy adults. Methods: We searched MEDLINE using PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to March 2019. We also searched ProQuest and Google Scholar databases for unpublished material. The search was limited to articles on the procognitive effects of t-PBM in healthy adults. The initial search resulted in 871 studies, of which nine publications met our criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Seven studies were performed on young, healthy subjects (17-35 years), and two studies were conducted on older (≥49 years), normal subjects. A meta-analysis was performed on six full-text publications whose subjects were young adults. Results: t-PBM administration improved cognition-related outcomes by an 0.833 standardized mean difference (SMD; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.458-1.209, 14 comparisons) in young, healthy participants. Funnel plotting revealed asymmetry, which was validated using Egger's (p = 0.030) and Begg's regression (p = 0.006) tests. However after reanalysis, this asymmetry disappeared in the attention subgroup, but not in the memory subgroup. The trim-and-fill analysis indicated two studies were lacking required data. Thus, the effect size was adjusted from an SMD of 0.761 (95% CI: 0.573-0.949) to 0.949 (0.779-1.120). The overall quality score of the studies was modest. Conclusions: We demonstrated a significant, beneficial effect of t-PBM on cognitive performance of young, healthy individuals; however, the heterogeneity of the data was high. This could be due to the modest quality or to the low number of included studies, or to the differences between the various subdomains assessed. These shortcomings should be meticulously addressed before concluding that t-PBM is a cognitive-enhancing intervention in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Salehpour
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Niraxx Light Therapeutics, Inc., Irvine, California
- ProNeuroLIGHT LLC, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Alireza Majdi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Faranak Ghasemi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Khademi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Pashazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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88
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Fekri A, Jahan A, Moghadam Salimi M, Oskouei AE. Short-term Effects of Transcranial Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation on Motor Performance in Healthy Human Subjects: An Experimental SingleBlind Randomized Clinical Trial. J Lasers Med Sci 2019; 10:317-323. [PMID: 31875125 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2019.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Transcranial near-infrared photobiomodulation (NIR-PBM) is a new noninvasive procedure which transcranially applies a near-infrared wavelength to the scalp with a laser or a light-emitting diode (LED) source. Improvement in the neurological or psychological symptoms has been reported following light irradiation. However, to our knowledge, there is no study to investigate the effects of transcranial NIR-PBM on motor performance directly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of transcranial NIR-PBM on motor performance in healthy human subjects. Methods: In this experimental single-blind randomized clinical trial study, 56 right-handed healthy participants, whose ages ranged from 18 to 30, were randomly assigned to (1) Real transcranial NIR-PBMC3 group (n=14), (2) Sham transcranial NIR-PBMC3 group (n=14), (3) Real transcranial NIR-PBMC4 group (n=14), and (4) Sham transcranial NIR-PBMC4 group (n=14). We applied the 808 nm laser with irradiation energy density of 60 J/cm2 and power density of 200 mw/cm2 to the C3 or C4 points of the scalp. The number of finger taps as an indicator of motor performance was assessed by the finger-tapping test (FTT) before and after irradiation of transcranial NIR-PBM on the corresponding points of the scalp for 5 minutes. Results: The results showed that the number of finger taps in both right and left hands following the use of transcranial NIR-PBM in the real transcranial NIR-PBMC3 group significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that using transcranial NIR-PBM with a laser source on C3 point of the motor cortex in right-handed healthy people can increase the number of finger taps in both hands as an indicator of motor performance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Fekri
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Jahan
- Department of Speech Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Moghadam Salimi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali E Oskouei
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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89
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Abstract
Next to cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia is probably the most worrying health problem facing the Western world today. A large number of clinical trials have failed to show any benefit of the tested drugs in stabilizing or reversing the steady decline in cognitive function that is suffered by dementia patients. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles are well established, considerable debate exists concerning the genetic or lifestyle factors that predispose individuals to developing dementia. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red or near-infrared light to stimulate healing, relieve pain and inflammation, and prevent tissue from dying. In recent years PBM has been applied for a diverse range of brain disorders, frequently applied in a non-invasive manner by shining light on the head (transcranial PBM). The present review discusses the mechanisms of action of tPBM in the brain, and summarizes studies that have used tPBM to treat animal models of AD. The results of a limited number of clinical trials that have used tPBM to treat patients with AD and dementia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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90
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Choi SH, Chang SY, Biswas R, Chung PS, Mo S, Lee MY, Ahn JC. Light-emitting diode irradiation using 660 nm promotes human fibroblast HSP90 expression and changes cellular activity and morphology. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900063. [PMID: 31066512 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated changes in cell viability and morphology in response to low-level light irradiation and underlying variations in the levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Human fibroblasts were irradiated with a light-emitting diode (LED) array at 660 nm (50 mW for 15, 30, and 60 minutes). Cell viability and morphological changes were evaluated via epifluorescence analysis; we also assessed cell viability and length changes. The expression levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and various HSPs (HSP27, 60, 70, and 90) were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting and microarray analysis. After LED irradiation, cellular viability and morphology changed. Of the several HSPs analyzed, the HSP90 level increased significantly, suggesting that this protein played roles in the morphological and cellular changes. Thus, low-level irradiation triggered cellular changes mediated by increased HSP90 expression; this may explain why skin irradiation enhances wound-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hyang Choi
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Chang
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Raktim Biswas
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjoon Mo
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chul Ahn
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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91
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Ravera S, Ferrando S, Agas D, De Angelis N, Raffetto M, Sabbieti MG, Signore A, Benedicenti S, Amaroli A. 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser light affects transmembrane mitochondria respiratory chain complexes. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900101. [PMID: 31033186 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-plant-cell manipulation through a transfer of energy by means of light sources at the non-ablative or thermal intensity. Authors showed that cytochrome-c-oxidase (complex IV) is the specific chromophore's target of PBM at the red (600-700 nm) and NIR (760-900 nm) wavelength regions. Recently, it was suggested that the infrared region of the spectrum could influence other chromospheres, despite the interaction by wavelengths higher than 900 nm with mitochondrial chromophores was not clearly demonstrated. We characterized the interaction between mitochondria respiratory chain, malate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of Krebs cycle, and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the β-oxidation (two mitochondrial matrix enzymes) with the 1064 nm Nd:YAG (100mps and 10 Hz frequency mode) irradiated at the average power density of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 W/cm2 to generate the respective fluences of 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 J/cm2 . Our results show the effect of laser light on the transmembrane mitochondrial complexes I, III, IV and V (adenosine triphosphate synthase) (window effects), but not on the extrinsic mitochondrial membrane complex II and mitochondria matrix enzymes. The effect is not due to macroscopical thermal change. An interaction of this wavelength with the Fe-S proteins and Cu-centers of respiratory complexes and with the water molecules could be supposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Ferrando
- Laboratory of New Model Organism (NeMo LAB), Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dimitrios Agas
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino (Macerata), Italy
| | - Nicola De Angelis
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Dentistry, University of Technology MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Mirco Raffetto
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria G Sabbieti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino (Macerata), Italy
| | - Antonio Signore
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Faculty of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stefano Benedicenti
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Laser Therapy Centre, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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92
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Linares SN, Beltrame T, Ferraresi C, Galdino GAM, Catai AM. Photobiomodulation effect on local hemoglobin concentration assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy in humans. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:641-649. [PMID: 31420794 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of biological tissue to photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) seems to increase the oxygen availability and mitochondrial electrochemical activity. With the advancement of new technologies, such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), information can be obtained about the balance between oxygen utilization and delivery by assessing local oxy- ([O2Hb]) and deoxy-myohemoglobin ([HHb]) concentrations, both measured in micromolars (μM). Consequently, NIRS can be used to study ("in vivo") PBMT effects on the oxidative system, including oxygen availability. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to use NIRS to investigate the acute effects of PBMT by light-emitting diode (LED) on the oxygen delivery and utilization in humans. Twelve healthy young participants were treated with a LED device (850 nm, 50 mW, 2 J) and placebo applied over the proximal third of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle of the left or right forearm selected in a random order. The LED was applied in direct contact with skin and the device was switched on for 40 s in 4 different interventions (I1, I2, I3 and I4) with a 3-min interval between interventions. The placebo condition was considered as the period before the first PBMT. The NIRS device was used to evaluate the relative changes in [O2Hb] and [HHb] before and after placebo and interventions. We found that PBMT statistically increased the [O2Hb] in 0.39 μM. These results demonstrate the potential of PBMT to increase oxygen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Nogueira Linares
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas Beltrame
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cleber Ferraresi
- Biomedical Engineering Postgraduate Program, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Aguiar Mesquita Galdino
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aparecida Maria Catai
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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93
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Improvement in viability and mineralization of osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell through combined application of photobiomodulation therapy and oxytocin. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:557-566. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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94
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Seraj B, Ghadimi S, Hakimiha N, Kharazifard MJ, Hosseini Z. Assessment of photobiomodulation therapy by an 8l0-nm diode laser on the reversal of soft tissue local anesthesia in pediatric dentistry: a preliminary randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:465-471. [PMID: 31376016 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
During the injection of local anesthesia in pediatric dental procedures, from the injection time until the elimination of tissue anesthesia, inevitable problems were reported. According to the encouraging results of previous studies addressing the positive effects of laser therapy on increasing the microcirculation, we aimed to investigate the clinical effect of photobiomodulation therapy on the reversal of soft tissue anesthesia in children. Using a split-mouth design, 34 children aged 4 to 8 years old, candidate for receiving local infiltration injection at both right and left side in mandible, were enrolled in the study. The mandibular right and left quadrants were randomly assigned to groups of laser or sham laser: in laser side, patients received 810-nm laser irradiation, and in the sham laser group, the patients had the laser in off mode at 45 min after injection with an interval of 7-10 days between two sessions of each quadrant treatments. The degree of anesthesia was evaluated using the palpation technique alternately every 15 min. Data were analyzed using paired sample t test and multiple linear regression test. The mean duration of anesthesia expressed in minutes was equal to 145.15 ± 23.27 and 188.82 ± 12.31 for the laser group and sham laser group, respectively. There was a significant difference in duration of anesthesia between two groups (P < 0.001). Considering the results and limitations of the present study, photobiomodulation therapy by 810-nm diode laser can be proposed as a non-invasive method in order to reduce the duration of anesthesia in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Seraj
- Dental Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghadimi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hakimiha
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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95
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Lee Y, Kim H, Hong N, Ahn J, Kang HW. Combined treatment of low‐level laser therapy and phloroglucinol for inhibition of fibrosis. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 52:276-285. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeachan Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical EngineeringPukyong National UniversityBusan 48513 South Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical EngineeringPukyong National UniversityBusan 48513 South Korea
| | - Namgue Hong
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of MedicineDankook UniversityCheonan 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Chul Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of MedicineDankook UniversityCheonan 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical EngineeringPukyong National UniversityBusan 48513 South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine‐Integrated Biomedical TechnologyPukyong National UniversityBusan 48513 South Korea
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96
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Comparative effects of photobiomodulation therapy at wavelengths of 660 and 808 nm on regeneration of inferior alveolar nerve in rats following crush injury. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:413-420. [PMID: 31273571 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of 660-nm and 880-nm photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) following inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) crush injury. Following the nerve crush injuries of IAN, 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) control, (2) 660-nm PBMT, and (3) 808-nm PBMT (GaAlAs laser, 100 J/cm2, 70 mW, 0.028-cm2 beam). PBMT was started immediately after surgery and performed once every 3 days during the postoperative period. At the end of the 30-day treatment period, histopathological and histomorphometric evaluations of tissue sections were made under a light and electron microscope. The ratio of the inner axonal diameter to the total outer axonal diameter (g-ratio) and the number of axons per square micrometer were evaluated. In the 808-nm PBMT group, the number of nerve fibers with suboptimal g-ratio ranges of 0-0.49 (p < 0.001) is significantly lower than expected, which indicates better rate of myelinization in the 808-nm PBMT group. The number of axons per square micrometer was significantly higher in the 808-nm PBMT group when compared with the control (p < 0.001) and 660-nm PBMT group (p = 0.010). The data and the histopathological investigations suggest that the PBMT with the 808-nm wavelength along with its settings was able to enhance IAN regeneration after nerve crush injury.
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97
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Effect of single and multiple doses of low-level laser therapy on viability and proliferation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:1917-1924. [PMID: 31267320 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro whether the low-level laser (LLL) delivering fractionated total energy (multiple irradiation) or single irradiation stimulates regeneration-associated events (viability and proliferation) in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Cells received LLL irradiation (InGaAlP-660 nm), according to the following experimental groups: G1 (single irradiation 2.5 J/cm2, 10 mW, 10 s, 0.10 J), G2 (single irradiation 5.0 J/cm2, 10 mW, 20 s, 0.20 J), G3 (single irradiation 7.5 J/cm2, 10 mW, 30 s, 0.30 J), G4 (two irradiations 2.5 J/cm2, 10 mW, 10 s; total energy 0.20 J), G5 (three irradiations 2.5 J/cm2, 10 mW, 10 s; total energy 0.30 J), and G6 (non-irradiated). Cell viability was assessed by MTT and trypan blue exclusion (TBE) methods, while cell proliferation was evaluated by crystal violet (CV) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays after 24, 48, and 72 h after the first irradiation. By MTT, there was no difference between groups at 24 and 72 h. At 48 h, the groups subjected to multiple irradiation (G4 and G5) presented higher cell viability rates. The average percentages of viable cells for all groups by TBE method were 91.04%, 96.63%, and 97.48% at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. By CV, there was no significant difference between groups at 24 and 48 h; at 72 h, G2, G3, and G4 presented higher cell proliferation. By SRB, G1 and G4 presented lower proliferation rates in all the periods. When the groups presenting the same total energy were compared, G2 (0.20 J) presented lower cell viability rates and higher cell proliferation rates in comparison with G4; G3 (0.30 J) presented similar results to those of G5, with higher cell viability and proliferation. The application of laser delivering fractionated total energy (two or three applications of 2.5 J/cm2) induced higher cell viability at 48 h, while the single irradiation with 2.5 J/cm2 did not stimulate metabolic activity in such period and the proliferation over time. The 5.0 and 7.5 J/cm2 single doses and the three applications of 2.5 J/cm2 maintained cell viability and stimulated proliferation of SHED at 72 h.
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98
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Kilmartin L, Denham T, Fu MR, Yu G, Kuo TT, Axelrod D, Guth AA. Complementary low-level laser therapy for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a pilot, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:95-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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99
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Wang X, Dmochowski JP, Zeng L, Kallioniemi E, Husain M, Gonzalez-Lima F, Liu H. Transcranial photobiomodulation with 1064-nm laser modulates brain electroencephalogram rhythms. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:025013. [PMID: 31259198 PMCID: PMC6563945 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.2.025013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) with a 1064-nm laser has been reported to improve human performance on cognitive tasks as well as locally upregulate cerebral oxygen metabolism and hemodynamics. However, it is unknown whether 1064-nm tPBM also modulates electrophysiology, and specifically neural oscillations, in the human brain. The hypothesis guiding our study is that applying 1064-nm tPBM of the right prefrontal cortex enhances neurophysiological rhythms at specific frequency bands in the human brain under resting conditions. To test this hypothesis, we recorded the 64-channel scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) before, during, and after the application of 11 min of 4-cm-diameter tPBM (CW 1064-nm laser with 162 mW / cm 2 and 107 J / cm 2 ) to the right forehead of human subjects ( n = 20 ) using a within-subject, sham-controlled design. Time-resolved scalp topographies of EEG power at five frequency bands were computed to examine the tPBM-induced EEG power changes across the scalp. The results show time-dependent, significant increases of EEG spectral powers at the alpha (8 to 13 Hz) and beta (13 to 30 Hz) bands at broad scalp regions, exhibiting a front-to-back pattern. The findings provide the first sham-controlled topographic mapping that tPBM increases the strength of electrophysiological oscillations (alpha and beta bands) while also shedding light on the mechanisms of tPBM in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Wang
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, Texas, United States
| | - Jacek P. Dmochowski
- City College of New York, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, United States
| | - Li Zeng
- Texas A&M University, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Elisa Kallioniemi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Department of Psychiatry, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Mustafa Husain
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Department of Psychiatry, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - F. Gonzalez-Lima
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Hanli Liu
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, Texas, United States
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100
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Zupin L, Celsi F, Ottaviani G, Crovella S. Photobiomodulation therapy at different wavelength impacts on retinoid acid-dependent SH-SY5Y differentiation. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:221-226. [PMID: 30911931 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02765-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zupin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Ottaviani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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