51
|
Tanimura N, Liao R, Wilson GM, Dent MR, Cao M, Burstyn JN, Hematti P, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Keles S, Xu J, Coon JJ, Bresnick EH. GATA/Heme Multi-omics Reveals a Trace Metal-Dependent Cellular Differentiation Mechanism. Dev Cell 2018; 46:581-594.e4. [PMID: 30122630 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
By functioning as an enzyme cofactor, hemoglobin component, and gene regulator, heme is vital for life. One mode of heme-regulated transcription involves amplifying the activity of GATA-1, a key determinant of erythrocyte differentiation. To discover biological consequences of the metal cofactor-transcription factor mechanism, we merged GATA-1/heme-regulated sectors of the proteome and transcriptome. This multi-omic analysis revealed a GATA-1/heme circuit involving hemoglobin subunits, ubiquitination components, and proteins not implicated in erythrocyte biology, including the zinc exporter Slc30a1. Though GATA-1 induced expression of Slc30a1 and the zinc importer Slc39a8, Slc39a8 dominantly increased intracellular zinc, which conferred erythroblast survival. Subsequently, a zinc transporter switch, involving decreased importer and sustained exporter expression, reduced intracellular zinc during terminal differentiation. Downregulating Slc30a1 increased intracellular zinc and, strikingly, accelerated differentiation. This analysis established a conserved paradigm in which a GATA-1/heme circuit controls trace metal transport machinery and trace metal levels as a mechanism governing cellular differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Tanimura
- UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ruiqi Liao
- UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Gary M Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matthew R Dent
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Miao Cao
- UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Judith N Burstyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuannyu Zhang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ye Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Abstract
Enucleation is the final step in mammalian erythropoiesis. In this process, the nucleus is extruded by budding off from the erythroblast, forming the reticulocyte. Herein, we describe the flow cytometry-based assays for enucleation assessment. The separation of nucleated erythroblasts, reticulocytes, and extruded nuclei by flow cytometry is based on DNA staining, surface expression of erythrocyte specific markers, or forward scatter (FSC). The enucleation of murine erythroblasts is assessed by the surface expression of murine erythrocyte marker Ter119 and DNA staining. Three discrete populations that represent nucleated erythroblasts, reticulocytes, and extruded nuclei are defined as HoechstmedTER119high, HoechstlowTER119high, and HoechsthighTER119med, respectively. Another nuclei acid staining dye, SYTO16, is used for the assessment of human enucleation in combination with FSC. For human cells, the three populations that represent nucleated erythroblasts, reticulocyte, and extruded nuclei are identified as FSChigh SYTO16+, FSChigh SYTO16-, FSClowSYTO16+, respectively.
Collapse
|
53
|
Hartman ES, Brindley EC, Papoin J, Ciciotte SL, Zhao Y, Peters LL, Blanc L. Increased Reactive Oxygen Species and Cell Cycle Defects Contribute to Anemia in the RASA3 Mutant Mouse Model s cat. Front Physiol 2018; 9:689. [PMID: 29922180 PMCID: PMC5996270 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RASA3 is a Ras GTPase activating protein that plays a critical role in blood formation. The autosomal recessive mouse model scat (severe combined anemia and thrombocytopenia) carries a missense mutation in Rasa3. Homozygotes present with a phenotype characteristic of bone marrow failure that is accompanied by alternating episodes of crisis and remission. The mechanism leading to impaired erythropoiesis and peripheral cell destruction as evidenced by membrane fragmentation in scat is unclear, although we previously reported that the mislocalization of RASA3 to the cytosol of reticulocytes and mature red cells plays a role in the disease. In this study, we further characterized the bone marrow failure in scat and found that RASA3 plays a central role in cell cycle progression and maintenance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels during terminal erythroid differentiation, without inducing apoptosis of the precursors. In scat mice undergoing crises, there is a consistent pattern of an increased proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase at the basophilic and polychromatophilic stages of erythroid differentiation, suggesting that RASA3 is involved in the G1 checkpoint. However, this increase in G1 is transient, and either resolves or becomes indiscernible by the orthochromatic stage. In addition, while ROS levels are normal early in erythropoiesis, there is accumulation of superoxide levels at the reticulocyte stage (DHE increased 40% in scat; p = 0.02) even though mitochondria, a potential source for ROS, are eliminated normally. Surprisingly, apoptosis is significantly decreased in the scat bone marrow at the proerythroblastic (15.3%; p = 0.004), polychromatophilic (8.5%; p = 0.01), and orthochromatic (4.2%; p = 0.02) stages. Together, these data indicate that ROS accumulation at the reticulocyte stage, without apoptosis, contributes to the membrane fragmentation observed in scat. Finally, the cell cycle defect and increased levels of ROS suggest that scat is a model of bone marrow failure with characteristics of aplastic anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Hartman
- Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Elena C Brindley
- Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Julien Papoin
- Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | | | - Yue Zhao
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Lionel Blanc
- Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
|
55
|
Different effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin on erythropoiesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:119. [PMID: 29720275 PMCID: PMC5930863 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Red blood cells are the most abundant cells in the blood that deliver oxygen to the whole body. Erythropoietin (EPO), a positive regulator of erythropoiesis, is currently the major treatment for chronic anemia. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a multifunctional cytokine and a well-known regulator of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and mobilization. The use of EPO in combination with G-CSF has been reported to synergistically improve erythroid responses in a group of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes who did not respond to EPO treatment alone; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Methods C57BL/6 J mice injected with G-CSF or EPO were used to compare the erythropoiesis status and the efficiency of erythroid mobilization by flow cytometry. Results In this study, we found that G-CSF induced more orthochromatophilic erythroblast production than did EPO in the bone marrow and spleen. In addition, in contrast to EPO treatments, G-CSF treatments enhanced the efficiency of the mobilization of newly synthesized reticulocytes into peripheral blood. Our results demonstrated that the effects of G-CSF on erythropoiesis and erythrocytic mobilization were independent of EPO secretion and, in contrast to EPO, G-CSF promoted progression of erythropoiesis through transition of early stage R2 (basophilic erythroblasts) to late stage R4 (orthochromatophilic erythroblasts). Conclusions We demonstrate for the first time that G-CSF treatments induce a faster erythropoiesis-enhancing response than that of EPO. These findings suggest an alternative approach to treating acute anemia, especially when patients are experiencing a clinical emergency in remote areas without proper blood bank supplies.
Collapse
|
56
|
Zhang Y, Li L, Yu C, Senyuk V, Li F, Quigley JG, Zhu T, Qian Z. miR-9 upregulation leads to inhibition of erythropoiesis by repressing FoxO3. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6519. [PMID: 29695725 PMCID: PMC5916915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24628-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. In previous studies of acute myeloid leukemia miR-9 overexpression was commonly observed. Here, we show that ectopic expression of miR-9 in vitro and in vivo significantly blocks differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Consistent with this observation, ROS scavenging enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (Sod2), Catalase (Cat), and glutathine peroxidase (Gpx1), are down-regulated by miR-9. In addition, miR-9 suppresses expression of the erythroid transcriptional regulator FoxO3, and its down-stream targets Btg1 and Cited 2 in erythroid progenitor cells, while expression of a constitutively active form of FoxO3 (FoxO3-3A) reverses miR-9-induced suppression of erythroid differentiation, and inhibits miR-9-induced ROS production. Thus, our findings indicate that aberrant expression of miR-9 blocks erythropoiesis by deregulating FoxO3-mediated pathways, which may contribute to the ineffective erythropoiesis observed in patients with hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
- Fudan University ZhongShan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Yu
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vitalyi Senyuk
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fuxing Li
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - John G Quigley
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Fudan University ZhongShan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijian Qian
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Alvarez-Dominguez JR, Knoll M, Gromatzky AA, Lodish HF. The Super-Enhancer-Derived alncRNA-EC7/Bloodlinc Potentiates Red Blood Cell Development in trans. Cell Rep 2018. [PMID: 28636939 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancer-derived RNAs are thought to act locally by contributing to their parent enhancer function. Whether large domains of clustered enhancers (super-enhancers) also produce cis-acting RNAs, however, remains unclear. Unlike typical enhancers, super-enhancers form large spans of robustly transcribed chromatin, amassing capped and polyadenylated RNAs that are sufficiently abundant to sustain trans functions. Here, we show that one such RNA, alncRNA-EC7/Bloodlinc, is transcribed from a super-enhancer of the erythroid membrane transporter SLC4A1/BAND3 but diffuses beyond this site. Bloodlinc localizes to trans-chromosomal loci encoding critical regulators and effectors of terminal erythropoiesis and directly binds chromatin-organizing and transcription factors, including the chromatin attachment factor HNRNPU. Inhibiting Bloodlinc or Hnrnpu compromises the terminal erythropoiesis gene program, blocking red cell production, whereas expressing Bloodlinc ectopically stimulates this program and can promote erythroblast proliferation and enucleation in the absence of differentiation stimuli. Thus, Bloodlinc is a trans-acting super-enhancer RNA that potentiates red blood cell development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Alvarez-Dominguez
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Marko Knoll
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Austin A Gromatzky
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Harvey F Lodish
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Lee Y, Park C, Lee S, Lee D, Kim J. Isolation and Functional Examination of the Long Non-Coding RNA Redrum. Mol Cells 2018; 41:134-139. [PMID: 29237115 PMCID: PMC5824023 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report isolation of multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expressed tissue-specifically during murine embryogenesis. One of these, subsequently came to be known as Redrum, is expressed in erythropoietic cells in fetal liver and adult bone marrow. Redrum transcription is also detected during pregnancy in the spleen where extramedullary hematopoiesis takes place. In order to examine the function of Redrum in vivo, we generated a gene-targeted murine model and analyzed its embryonic and adult erythropoiesis. The homozygous mutant embryo showed no apparent deficiency or defect in erythropoiesis. Adult erythropoiesis in bone marrow and in the spleen during pregnancy likewise showed no detectable phenotype as red blood cells matured in normal fashion. The phenotype is in contrast to the reported function of Redrum in vitro, and our observation implies that Redrum plays in vivo an accessory or supplementary role whose loss is compatible with normal erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yerim Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760,
Korea
| | - Charny Park
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760,
Korea
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul 03760,
Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760,
Korea
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul 03760,
Korea
| | - Daekee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760,
Korea
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul 03760,
Korea
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760,
Korea
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul 03760,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Ostrowski D, Heinrich R. Alternative Erythropoietin Receptors in the Nervous System. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E24. [PMID: 29393890 PMCID: PMC5852440 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its regulatory function in the formation of red blood cells (erythropoiesis) in vertebrates, Erythropoietin (Epo) contributes to beneficial functions in a variety of non-hematopoietic tissues including the nervous system. Epo protects cells from apoptosis, reduces inflammatory responses and supports re-establishment of compromised functions by stimulating proliferation, migration and differentiation to compensate for lost or injured cells. Similar neuroprotective and regenerative functions of Epo have been described in the nervous systems of both vertebrates and invertebrates, indicating that tissue-protective Epo-like signaling has evolved prior to its erythropoietic function in the vertebrate lineage. Epo mediates its erythropoietic function through a homodimeric Epo receptor (EpoR) that is also widely expressed in the nervous system. However, identification of neuroprotective but non-erythropoietic Epo splice variants and Epo derivatives indicated the existence of other types of Epo receptors. In this review, we summarize evidence for potential Epo receptors that might mediate Epo's tissue-protective function in non-hematopoietic tissue, with focus on the nervous system. In particular, besides EpoR, we discuss three other potential neuroprotective Epo receptors: (1) a heteroreceptor consisting of EpoR and common beta receptor (βcR), (2) the Ephrin (Eph) B4 receptor and (3) the human orphan cytokine receptor-like factor 3 (CRLF3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ostrowski
- Department of Biology, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.
| | - Ralf Heinrich
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Institute for Zoology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Abstract
Many experimental models have been used to study erythropoiesis. Even prior to the advent of the genetic manipulation of animal models, erythropoiesis was examined in the mouse, chicken, sheep, goat, and rabbit, among other vertebrates. Erythroid cell lines derived from human blood cancers were also very useful, as they could be genetically manipulated more easily than whole animals. Genetic models in the mouse, zebrafish, and frog have provided a plethora of information advancing our understanding of erythropoiesis, and remain gold standards in the field for studies of hemoglobin switching, and experiments to study authentic blood cell development. Mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent (iPS) cells can be differentiated to erythroid cells in culture, though their use is somewhat limited by their propensity to express only the embryonic and fetal globin genes. Some very useful cell lines have been developed by manipulating ES or fetal liver erythroid progenitor cells from knockout mouse models. In recent years, our understanding of erythropoiesis has improved, due to the ability to knock down genes in native human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells derived from umbilical cord blood or bone marrow, and differentiate them ex vivo to the erythroid lineage. These native cells, and cell lines derived from them, are now providing essential information about human erythropoiesis, which is complementary to that obtained from animal studies. This review provides some perspective about the cell and animal models used to study erythropoiesis over the years.
Collapse
|
61
|
McIver SC, Hewitt KJ, Gao X, Mehta C, Zhang J, Bresnick EH. Dissecting Regulatory Mechanisms Using Mouse Fetal Liver-Derived Erythroid Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1698:67-89. [PMID: 29076084 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7428-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into an ensemble of committed progenitor cells that produce the diverse blood cells essential for life. Physiological mechanisms governing hematopoiesis, and mechanistic aberrations underlying non-malignant and malignant hematologic disorders, are often very similar in mouse and man. Thus, mouse models provide powerful systems for unraveling mechanisms that control hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) function in their resident microenvironments in vivo. Ex vivo systems, involving the culture of HSPCs generated in vivo, allow one to dissociate microenvironment-based and cell intrinsic mechanisms, and therefore have considerable utility. Dissecting mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation and differentiation is facilitated by the use of primary cells, since mutations and chromosome aberrations in immortalized and cancer cell lines corrupt normal mechanisms. Primary erythroid precursor cells can be expanded or differentiated in culture to yield large numbers of progeny at discrete maturation stages. We described a robust method for isolation, culture, and analysis of primary mouse erythroid precursor cells and their progeny.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Skye C McIver
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 4009 WIMR, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.,UW-Madison Blood Research Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Kyle J Hewitt
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 4009 WIMR, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.,UW-Madison Blood Research Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 4009 WIMR, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.,UW-Madison Blood Research Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Charu Mehta
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 4009 WIMR, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.,UW-Madison Blood Research Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- UW-Madison Blood Research Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.,McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 4009 WIMR, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. .,UW-Madison Blood Research Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Abstract
The role of NFAT family transcription factors in erythropoiesis is so far unknown, although their involvement has been suggested previously. We have shown recently that Il2-/- mice develop severe anemia due to defects in KLF1 activity during BM erythropoiesis. Although, KLF1 activity is indispensable for erythropoiesis, the molecular details of Klf1 expression have not yet been elucidated. Here we show that an enhanced NFATc1 activity induced by increased integrin-cAMP signaling plays a critical role in the dysregulation of Klf1 expression and thereby cause anemia in Il2-/- mice. Interestingly, enhanced NFATc1 activity augmented apoptosis of immature erythrocytes in Il2-/- mice. On the other hand, ablation of NFATc1 activity enhanced differentiation of Ter119+ cells in BM. Restoring IL-2 signaling in Il2-/- mice reversed the increase in cAMP-NFAT signaling and facilitated normal erythropoiesis. Altogether, our study identified an NFAT-mediated negative signaling axis, manipulation of which could facilitate erythropoiesis and prevent anemia development.
Collapse
|
63
|
Lu YF, Cahan P, Ross S, Sahalie J, Sousa PM, Hadland BK, Cai W, Serrao E, Engelman AN, Bernstein ID, Daley GQ. Engineered Murine HSCs Reconstitute Multi-lineage Hematopoiesis and Adaptive Immunity. Cell Rep 2017; 17:3178-3192. [PMID: 28009288 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is curative for malignant and genetic blood disorders, but is limited by donor availability and immune-mismatch. Deriving HSCs from patient-matched embryonic/induced-pluripotent stem cells (ESCs/iPSCs) could address these limitations. Prior efforts in murine models exploited ectopic HoxB4 expression to drive self-renewal and enable multi-lineage reconstitution, yet fell short in delivering robust lymphoid engraftment. Here, by titrating exposure of HoxB4-ESC-HSC to Notch ligands, we report derivation of engineered HSCs that self-renew, repopulate multi-lineage hematopoiesis in primary and secondary engrafted mice, and endow adaptive immunity in immune-deficient recipients. Single-cell analysis shows that following engraftment in the bone marrow niche, these engineered HSCs further specify to a hybrid cell type, in which distinct gene regulatory networks of hematopoietic stem/progenitors and differentiated hematopoietic lineages are co-expressed. Our work demonstrates engineering of fully functional HSCs via modulation of genetic programs that govern self-renewal and lineage priming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fen Lu
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Patrick Cahan
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Samantha Ross
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Julie Sahalie
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Patricia M Sousa
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Brandon K Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Wenqing Cai
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erik Serrao
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Yamanegi K, Yamada N, Nakasho K, Nishiura H. Erythroblast differentiation at spleen in Q137E mutant ribosomal protein S19 gene knock-in C57BL/6J mice. Immunobiology 2017; 223:118-124. [PMID: 29017823 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We recently found that erythroblast-like cells derived from human leukaemia K562 cells express C5a receptor (C5aR) and produce its antagonistic and agonistic ligand ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) polymer, which is cross-linked between K122 and Q137 by tissue transglutaminases. RP S19 polymer binds to the reciprocal C5aRs on erythroblast-like cells and macrophage-like cells derived from human monocytic THP-1 cells and promotes differentiation into reticulocyte-like cells through enucleation in vitro. To examine the roles of RP S19 polymer in mouse erythropoiesis, we prepared Q137E mutant RP S19 gene knock-in C57BL/6J mice. In contrast to wild-type mice, erythroblast numbers at the preliminary stage (CD71high/TER119low) in spleen based on transferrin receptor (CD71) and glycophorin A (TER119) values and erythrocyte numbers in orbital artery bloods were not largely changed in knock-in mice. Conversely, erythroblast numbers at the early stage (CD71high/TER119high) were significantly decreased in spleen by knock-in mice. The reduction of early erythroblast numbers in spleen was enhanced by the phenylhydrazine-induced pernicious anemia model knock-in mice and was rescued by a functional analogue of RP S19 dimer S-tagged C5a/RP S19. These data indicated that RP S19 polymer plays the roles in the early erythroblast differentiation of C57BL/6J mouse spleen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamanegi
- Division of Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Naoko Yamada
- Division of Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Keiji Nakasho
- Division of Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nishiura
- Division of Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Hewitt KJ, Katsumura KR, Matson DR, Devadas P, Tanimura N, Hebert AS, Coon JJ, Kim JS, Dewey CN, Keles S, Hao S, Paulson RF, Bresnick EH. GATA Factor-Regulated Samd14 Enhancer Confers Red Blood Cell Regeneration and Survival in Severe Anemia. Dev Cell 2017; 42:213-225.e4. [PMID: 28787589 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An enhancer with amalgamated E-box and GATA motifs (+9.5) controls expression of the regulator of hematopoiesis GATA-2. While similar GATA-2-occupied elements are common in the genome, occupancy does not predict function, and GATA-2-dependent genetic networks are incompletely defined. A "+9.5-like" element resides in an intron of Samd14 (Samd14-Enh) encoding a sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain protein. Deletion of Samd14-Enh in mice strongly decreased Samd14 expression in bone marrow and spleen. Although steady-state hematopoiesis was normal, Samd14-Enh-/- mice died in response to severe anemia. Samd14-Enh stimulated stem cell factor/c-Kit signaling, which promotes erythrocyte regeneration. Anemia activated Samd14-Enh by inducing enhancer components and enhancer chromatin accessibility. Thus, a GATA-2/anemia-regulated enhancer controls expression of an SAM domain protein that confers survival in anemia. We propose that Samd14-Enh and an ensemble of anemia-responsive enhancers are essential for erythrocyte regeneration in stress erythropoiesis, a vital process in pathologies, including β-thalassemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Hewitt
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Koichi R Katsumura
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Daniel R Matson
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Prithvia Devadas
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Tanimura
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, UW-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science and Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Colin N Dewey
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Siyang Hao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Robert F Paulson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Park S, Han CR, Park JW, Zhao L, Zhu X, Willingham M, Bodine DM, Cheng SY. Defective erythropoiesis caused by mutations of the thyroid hormone receptor α gene. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006991. [PMID: 28910278 PMCID: PMC5621702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with mutations of the THRA gene exhibit classical features of hypothyroidism, including erythroid disorders. We previously created a mutant mouse expressing a mutated TRα1 (denoted as PV; Thra1PV/+ mouse) that faithfully reproduces the classical hypothyroidism seen in patients. Using Thra1PV/+ mice, we explored how the TRα1PV mutant acted to cause abnormalities in erythropoiesis. Thra1PV/+ mice exhibited abnormal red blood cell indices similarly as reported for patients. The total bone marrow cells and erythrocytic progenitors were markedly reduced in the bone marrow of Thra1PV/+ mice. In vitro terminal differentiation assays showed a significant reduction of mature erythrocytes in Thra1PV/+ mice. In wild-type mice, the clonogenic potential of progenitors in the erythrocytic lineage was stimulated by thyroid hormone (T3), suggesting that T3 could directly accelerate the differentiation of progenitors to mature erythrocytes. Analysis of gene expression profiles showed that the key regulator of erythropoiesis, the Gata-1 gene, and its regulated genes, such as the Klf1, β-globin, dematin genes, CAII, band3 and eALAS genes, involved in the maturation of erythrocytes, was decreased in the bone marrow cells of Thra1PV/+ mice. We further elucidated that the Gata-1 gene was a T3-directly regulated gene and that TRα1PV could impair erythropoiesis via repression of the Gata-1 gene and its regulated genes. These results provide new insights into how TRα1 mutants acted to cause erythroid abnormalities in patients with mutations of the THRA gene. Importantly, the Thra1PV/+ mouse could serve as a preclinical mouse model to identify novel molecular targets for treatment of erythroid disorders. Patients with mutations of the THRA gene exhibit erythroid disorders. The molecular pathogenesis underlying erythroid abnormalities is poorly understood. In Thra1PV/+ mice expressing a dominant negative mutant TRα1PV, we found abnormal red blood cell indices similar to patients. Total bone marrow cells, the clonogenic potential of erythrocytic progenitors, and terminal differentiation of erythrocytes were markedly decreased in Thra1PV/+ mice. We elucidated that Gata-1, a key erythroid gene, was directly positively regulated by TRα1. The erythroid defects in Thra1PV/+ mice were due, at least partly, to the TRα1PV-mediated suppression of the Gata-1 gene and its down-stream target genes. Over-expression of Gata-1 rescued impaired terminal differentiation. Our studies elucidated molecular mechanisms by which TRα1 mutants caused erythroid disorders in patients. The present study suggests that therapies aimed at GATA1 could be tested as a potential target in treating erythroid abnormalities in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunmi Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cho Rong Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeong Won Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Li Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xuguang Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark Willingham
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David M. Bodine
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Geneome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sheue-yann Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
The Ets2 Repressor Factor (Erf) Is Required for Effective Primitive and Definitive Hematopoiesis. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00183-17. [PMID: 28694332 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00183-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Erf is a gene for a ubiquitously expressed Ets DNA-binding domain-containing transcriptional repressor. Erf haploinsufficiency causes craniosynostosis in humans and mice, while its absence in mice leads to failed chorioallantoic fusion and death at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5). In this study, we show that Erf is required in all three waves of embryonic hematopoiesis. Mice lacking Erf in the embryo proper exhibited severe anemia and died around embryonic day 14.5. Erf epiblast-specific knockout embryos had reduced numbers of circulating blood cells from E9.5 onwards, with the development of severe anemia by E14.5. Elimination of Erf resulted in both reduced and more immature primitive erythroblasts at E9.5 to E10.5. Reduced definitive erythroid colony-forming activity was found in the bloodstream of E10.5 embryos and in the fetal liver at E11.5 to E13.5. Finally, elimination of Erf resulted in impaired repopulation ability, indicating that Erf is necessary for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance or differentiation. We conclude that Erf is required for both primitive and erythromyeloid progenitor waves of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-independent hematopoiesis as well as for the normal function of HSCs.
Collapse
|
68
|
Vecchiarelli-Federico LM, Liu T, Yao Y, Gao Y, Li Y, Li YJ, Ben-David Y. Fli-1 overexpression in erythroleukemic cells promotes erythroid de-differentiation while Spi-1/PU.1 exerts the opposite effect. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:456-466. [PMID: 28586009 PMCID: PMC5505126 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The ETS transcription factors play a critical role during hematopoiesis. In F-MuLV-induced erythroleukemia, Fli-1 insertional activation producing high expression of this transcription factor required to promote proliferation. How deregulated Fli-1 expression alters the balance between erythroid differentiation and proliferation is unknown. To address this issue, we exogenously overexpressed Fli-1 in an erythroleukemic cell harboring activation of spi-1/PU.1, another ETS gene involved in erythroleukemogenesis. While the proliferation in culture remains unaffected, Fli-1 overexpression imparts morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of immature erythroid progenitors. Fli-1 overexpression in erythroleukemic cells increased the numbers of erythroid colonies on methylcellulose and reduced tumorigenicity as evidenced by increase latency of erythroleukemogenesis in mice inoculated with these cells. Although all transplanted mice developed enlargement of the spleen and liver due to leukemic infiltration, Fli-1 overexpression altered the hematopoietic phenotype, significantly increasing the expression of regulatory hematopoietic genes cKIT, SCA-1, CD41 and CD71. In contrast, expression of Spi-1/PU.1 in a Fli-1 producing erythroleukemia cell line in which fli-1 is activated, resulted in increased proliferation through activation of growth promoting proteins MAPK, AKT, cMYC and JAK2. Importantly, these progenitors express high levels of markers such as CD71 and TER119 associated with more mature erythroid cells. Thus, Fli-1 overexpression induces a de-differentiation program by reverting CFU-E to BFU-E erythroid progenitor activity, while Spi-1/PU.1 promoting maturation from BFU-E to CFU-E.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tangjingjun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Li
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - You-Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Liu X, Zhang Y, Ni M, Cao H, Signer RA, Li D, Li M, Gu Z, Hu Z, Dickerson KE, Weinberg SE, Chandel NS, DeBerardinis RJ, Zhou F, Shao Z, Xu J. Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in erythropoiesis by mTORC1-mediated protein translation. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:626-638. [PMID: 28504707 PMCID: PMC5771482 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Advances in genomic profiling present new challenges of explaining how changes in DNA and RNA are translated into proteins linking genotype to phenotype. Here we compare the genome-scale proteomic and transcriptomic changes in human primary haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and erythroid progenitors, and uncover pathways related to mitochondrial biogenesis enhanced through post-transcriptional regulation. Mitochondrial factors including TFAM and PHB2 are selectively regulated through protein translation during erythroid specification. Depletion of TFAM in erythroid cells alters intracellular metabolism, leading to elevated histone acetylation, deregulated gene expression, and defective mitochondria and erythropoiesis. Mechanistically, mTORC1 signalling is enhanced to promote translation of mitochondria-associated transcripts through TOP-like motifs. Genetic and pharmacological perturbation of mitochondria or mTORC1 specifically impairs erythropoiesis in vitro and in vivo. Our studies support a mechanism for post-transcriptional control of erythroid mitochondria and may have direct relevance to haematologic defects associated with mitochondrial diseases and ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuannyu Zhang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Min Ni
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hui Cao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Robert A.J. Signer
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mushan Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zeping Hu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Dickerson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Samuel E. Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhen Shao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Chung J, Wittig JG, Ghamari A, Maeda M, Dailey TA, Bergonia H, Kafina MD, Coughlin EE, Minogue CE, Hebert AS, Li L, Kaplan J, Lodish HF, Bauer DE, Orkin SH, Cantor AB, Maeda T, Phillips JD, Coon JJ, Pagliarini DJ, Dailey HA, Paw BH. Erythropoietin signaling regulates heme biosynthesis. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28553927 PMCID: PMC5478267 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is required for survival of all cells, and in most eukaryotes, is produced through a series of eight enzymatic reactions. Although heme production is critical for many cellular processes, how it is coupled to cellular differentiation is unknown. Here, using zebrafish, murine, and human models, we show that erythropoietin (EPO) signaling, together with the GATA1 transcriptional target, AKAP10, regulates heme biosynthesis during erythropoiesis at the outer mitochondrial membrane. This integrated pathway culminates with the direct phosphorylation of the crucial heme biosynthetic enzyme, ferrochelatase (FECH) by protein kinase A (PKA). Biochemical, pharmacological, and genetic inhibition of this signaling pathway result in a block in hemoglobin production and concomitant intracellular accumulation of protoporphyrin intermediates. Broadly, our results implicate aberrant PKA signaling in the pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. We propose a unifying model in which the erythroid transcriptional program works in concert with post-translational mechanisms to regulate heme metabolism during normal development. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24767.001 Heme is an iron-containing compound that is important for all living things, from bacteria to humans. Our red blood cells use heme to carry oxygen and deliver it throughout the body. The amount of heme that is produced must be tightly regulated. Too little or too much heme in a person’s red blood cells can lead to blood-related diseases such as anemia and porphyria. Yet, while scientists knew the enzymes needed to make heme, they did not know how these enzymes were controlled. Now, Chung et al. show that an important signaling molecule called erythropoietin controls how much heme is produced when red blood cells are made. The experiments used a combination of red blood cells from humans and mice as well as zebrafish, which are useful model organisms because their blood develops in a similar way to humans. When Chung et al. inhibited components of erythropoietin signaling, heme production was blocked too and the red blood cells could not work properly. These new findings pave the way to look at human patients with blood-related disorders to determine if they have defects in the erythropoietin signaling cascade. In the future, this avenue of research might lead to better treatments for a variety of blood diseases in humans. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24767.002
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Chung
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Johannes G Wittig
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Alireza Ghamari
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Manami Maeda
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Tamara A Dailey
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States
| | - Hector Bergonia
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Martin D Kafina
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | | | - Catherine E Minogue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States
| | | | - Liangtao Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Jerry Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Harvey F Lodish
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Daniel E Bauer
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Alan B Cantor
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - John D Phillips
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States
| | - Harry A Dailey
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States
| | - Barry H Paw
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
A novel, somatic, transforming mutation in the extracellular domain of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor identified in myeloproliferative neoplasm. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2467. [PMID: 28550306 PMCID: PMC5446393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel ERBB1/EGFR somatic mutation (p. C329R; c.985 T > C) identified in a patient with JAK2V617F Polycythaemia Vera (PV). This substitution affects a conserved cysteine residue in EGFR domain 2 and leads to the formation of a ligand-independent covalent receptor dimer, associated with increased transforming potential. Aberrant signalling from the EGFRC329R receptor is cell type-dependent and in the TF1.8 erythroid cell line expression of this mutant suppresses EPO-induced differentiation. Clonal analysis shows that the dominant JAK2V617F-positive clone in this PV patient harbors EGFRC329R, thus this mutation may contribute to clonal expansion. Somatic mutations affecting other ERBB and related receptor tyrosine kinases are observed in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and we show elevated EGFR levels in MPN samples, consistent with previous reports. Thus activation of this group of receptors, via multiple mechanisms, may contribute to clonal growth and survival of the JAK2V617F disease clone in MPN.
Collapse
|
72
|
Hwang Y, Futran M, Hidalgo D, Pop R, Iyer DR, Scully R, Rhind N, Socolovsky M. Global increase in replication fork speed during a p57 KIP2-regulated erythroid cell fate switch. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700298. [PMID: 28560351 PMCID: PMC5446218 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell cycle regulators are increasingly implicated in cell fate decisions, such as the acquisition or loss of pluripotency and self-renewal potential. The cell cycle mechanisms that regulate these cell fate decisions are largely unknown. We studied an S phase-dependent cell fate switch, in which murine early erythroid progenitors transition in vivo from a self-renewal state into a phase of active erythroid gene transcription and concurrent maturational cell divisions. We found that progenitors are dependent on p57KIP2-mediated slowing of replication forks for self-renewal, a novel function for cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. The switch to differentiation entails rapid down-regulation of p57KIP2 with a consequent global increase in replication fork speed and an abruptly shorter S phase. Our work suggests that cell cycles with specialized global DNA replication dynamics are integral to the maintenance of specific cell states and to cell fate decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung Hwang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Melinda Futran
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Daniel Hidalgo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ramona Pop
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Divya Ramalingam Iyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ralph Scully
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas Rhind
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Merav Socolovsky
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Kaitsuka T, Kobayashi K, Otsuka W, Kubo T, Hakim F, Wei FY, Shiraki N, Kume S, Tomizawa K. Erythropoietin facilitates definitive endodermal differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells via activation of ERK signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C573-C582. [PMID: 28298334 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00071.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Artificially generated pancreatic β-cells from pluripotent stem cells are expected for cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. Several strategies are adopted to direct pluripotent stem cells toward pancreatic differentiation. However, a standard differentiation method for clinical application has not been established. It is important to develop more effective and safer methods for generating pancreatic β-cells without toxic or mutagenic chemicals. In the present study, we screened several endogenous factors involved in organ development to identify the factor, which induced the efficiency of pancreatic differentiation and found that treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) facilitated the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into definitive endoderm. At an early stage of differentiation, EPO treatment significantly increased Sox17 gene expression, as a marker of the definitive endoderm. Contrary to the canonical function of EPO, it did not affect the levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT5, but stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt. The MEK inhibitor U0126 significantly inhibited EPO-induced Sox17 expression. The differentiation of ESCs into definitive endoderm is an important step for the differentiation into pancreatic and other endodermal lineages. This study suggests a possible role of EPO in embryonic endodermal development and a new agent for directing the differentiation into endodermal lineages like pancreatic β-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kaitsuka
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wakako Otsuka
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Farzana Hakim
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Li X, Mei Y, Yan B, Vitriol E, Huang S, Ji P, Qiu Y. Histone deacetylase 6 regulates cytokinesis and erythrocyte enucleation through deacetylation of formin protein mDia2. Haematologica 2017; 102:984-994. [PMID: 28255013 PMCID: PMC5451330 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.161513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The formin protein mDia2 plays a critical role in a number of cellular processes through its ability to promote nucleation and elongation of actin filaments. In erythroblasts, this includes control of cytokinesis and enucleation by regulating contractile actin ring formation. Here we report a novel mechanism of how mDia2 is regulated: through acetylation and deacetylation at lysine 970 in the formin homology 2 domain. Ectopic expression of an acetyl-mimic mDia2 mutant in mouse erythroblasts is sufficient to abolish contractile actin ring formation at the cleavage furrow and subsequent erythrocyte cytokinesis and enucleation. We also identified that class II histone deacetylase 6 deacetylates and subsequently activates mDia2. Knockdown or inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 impairs contractile actin ring formation, and expression of a non-acetyl-mimic mDia2 mutant restores the contractile actin ring and rescues the impairment of enucleation. In addition to revealing a new step in mDia2 regulation, this study may unveil a novel regulatory mechanism of formin-mediated actin assembly, since the K970 acetylation site is conserved among Dia proteins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Li
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yang Mei
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bowen Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric Vitriol
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Suming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yi Qiu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Decreasing TfR1 expression reverses anemia and hepcidin suppression in β-thalassemic mice. Blood 2017; 129:1514-1526. [PMID: 28151426 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-742387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron availability for erythropoiesis and its dysregulation in β-thalassemia are incompletely understood. We previously demonstrated that exogenous apotransferrin leads to more effective erythropoiesis, decreasing erythroferrone (ERFE) and derepressing hepcidin in β-thalassemic mice. Transferrin-bound iron binding to transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) is essential for cellular iron delivery during erythropoiesis. We hypothesize that apotransferrin's effect is mediated via decreased TfR1 expression and evaluate TfR1 expression in β-thalassemic mice in vivo and in vitro with and without added apotransferrin. Our findings demonstrate that β-thalassemic erythroid precursors overexpress TfR1, an effect that can be reversed by the administration of exogenous apotransferrin. In vitro experiments demonstrate that apotransferrin inhibits TfR1 expression independent of erythropoietin- and iron-related signaling, decreases TfR1 partitioning to reticulocytes during enucleation, and enhances enucleation of defective β-thalassemic erythroid precursors. These findings strongly suggest that overexpressed TfR1 may play a regulatory role contributing to iron overload and anemia in β-thalassemic mice. To evaluate further, we crossed TfR1+/- mice, themselves exhibiting iron-restricted erythropoiesis with increased hepcidin, with β-thalassemic mice. Resultant double-heterozygote mice demonstrate long-term improvement in ineffective erythropoiesis, hepcidin derepression, and increased erythroid enucleation in relation to β-thalassemic mice. Our data demonstrate for the first time that TfR1+/- haploinsufficiency reverses iron overload specifically in β-thalassemic erythroid precursors. Taken together, decreasing TfR1 expression during β-thalassemic erythropoiesis, either directly via induced haploinsufficiency or via exogenous apotransferrin, decreases ineffective erythropoiesis and provides an endogenous mechanism to upregulate hepcidin, leading to sustained iron-restricted erythropoiesis and preventing systemic iron overload in β-thalassemic mice.
Collapse
|
76
|
The spleen microenvironment influences disease transformation in a mouse model of KIT D816V-dependent myeloproliferative neoplasm. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41427. [PMID: 28128288 PMCID: PMC5269732 DOI: 10.1038/srep41427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations leading to ligand-independent signaling of the stem cell factor receptor KIT are associated with several hematopoietic malignancies. One of the most common alterations is the D816V mutation. In this study, we characterized mice, which conditionally express the humanized KITD816V receptor in the adult hematopoietic system to determine the pathological consequences of unrestrained KIT signaling during blood cell development. We found that KITD816V mutant animals acquired a myeloproliferative neoplasm similar to polycythemia vera, marked by a massive increase in red blood cells and severe splenomegaly caused by excessive extramedullary erythropoiesis. Moreover, we found mobilization of stem cells from bone marrow to the spleen. Splenectomy prior to KITD816V induction prevented expansion of red blood cells, but rapidly lead to a state of aplastic anemia and bone marrow fibrosis, reminiscent of post polycythemic myeloid metaplasia, the spent phase of polycythemia vera. Our results show that the extramedullary hematopoietic niche microenvironment significantly influences disease outcome in KITD816V mutant mice, turning this model a valuable tool for studying the interplay between functionally abnormal hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment during development of polycythemia vera-like disease and myelofibrosis.
Collapse
|
77
|
Yao H, Ma Y, Hong Z, Zhao L, Monaghan SA, Hu MC, Huang LJ. Activating JAK2 mutants reveal cytokine receptor coupling differences that impact outcomes in myeloproliferative neoplasm. Leukemia 2017; 31:2122-2131. [PMID: 28057939 PMCID: PMC5589508 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2) mediates downstream signaling of cytokine receptors in all hematological lineages, yet constitutively active JAK2 mutants are able to drive selective expansion of particular lineage(s) in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). The molecular basis of lineage specificity is unclear. Here, we show that three activating JAK2 mutants with similar kinase activities in vitro elicit distinctive MPN phenotypes in mice by differentially expanding erythroid vs granulocytic precursors. Molecularly, this reflects the differential binding of JAK2 mutants to cytokine receptors EpoR and GCSFR in the erythroid vs granulocytic lineage and the creation of unique receptor/JAK2 complexes that generate qualitatively distinct downstream signals. Our results demonstrate that activating JAK2 mutants can differentially couple to selective cytokine receptors and change the signaling repertoire, revealing the molecular basis for phenotypic differences elicited by JAK2 (V617F) or mutations in exon 12. On the basis of these findings, receptor-JAK2 interactions could represent new targets of lineage-specific therapeutic approaches against MPN, which may be applicable to other cancers with aberrant JAK-STAT signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Z Hong
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - S A Monaghan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M-C Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - L J Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
E2F-2 Promotes Nuclear Condensation and Enucleation of Terminally Differentiated Erythroblasts. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 37:MCB.00274-16. [PMID: 27795297 PMCID: PMC5192079 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00274-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F-2 is a retinoblastoma (Rb)-regulated transcription factor induced during terminal erythroid maturation. Cyclin E-mediated Rb hyperphosphorylation induces E2F transcriptional activator functions. We previously reported that deregulated cyclin E activity causes defective terminal maturation of nucleated erythroblasts in vivo Here, we found that these defects are normalized by E2F-2 deletion; however, anemia in mice with deregulated cyclin E is not improved by E2F-2-loss, which itself causes reduced peripheral red blood cell (RBC) counts without altering relative abundances of erythroblast subpopulations. To determine how E2F-2 regulates RBC production, we comprehensively studied erythropoiesis using knockout mice and hematopoietic progenitors. We found that efficient stress erythropoiesis in vivo requires E2F-2, and we also identified an unappreciated role for E2F-2 in erythroblast enucleation. In particular, E2F-2 deletion impairs nuclear condensation, a morphological feature of maturing erythroblasts. Transcriptome profiling of E2F-2-null, mature erythroblasts demonstrated widespread changes in gene expression. Notably, we identified citron Rho-interacting kinase (CRIK), which has known functions in mitosis and cytokinesis, as induced in erythroblasts in an E2F-2-dependent manner, and we found that CRIK activity promotes efficient erythroblast enucleation and nuclear condensation. Together, our data reveal novel, lineage-specific functions for E2F-2 and suggest that some mitotic kinases have specialized roles supporting enucleation of maturing erythroblasts.
Collapse
|
79
|
Widespread and dynamic translational control of red blood cell development. Blood 2016; 129:619-629. [PMID: 27899360 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-741835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell development requires tight yet dynamic control of protein production. Here, we use parallel RNA and ribosome profiling to study translational regulatory dynamics during murine terminal erythropoiesis. Our results uncover pervasive translational control of protein synthesis, with widespread alternative translation initiation and termination, robust discrimination of long noncoding from micropeptide-encoding RNAs, and dynamic use of upstream open reading frames. Further, we identify hundreds of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) whose translation efficiency is dynamically controlled during erythropoiesis and that enrich for target sites of RNA-binding proteins that are specific to hematopoietic cells, thus unraveling potential regulators of erythroid translational programs. A major such program involves enhanced decoding of specific mRNAs that are depleted in terminally differentiating/enucleating cells with decreasing transcriptional capacity. We find that RBM38, an erythroid-specific RNA-binding protein previously implicated in splicing, interacts with the general translation initiation factor eIF4G and promotes translation of a subset of these irreplaceable mRNAs. Inhibition of RBM38 compromises translation in erythroblasts and impairs their maturation, highlighting a key function for this protein during erythropoiesis. These findings thus reveal critical roles for dynamic translational control in supporting specialized mammalian cell formation.
Collapse
|
80
|
Singh D, Upadhyay G, Sengupta A, Biplob MA, Chakyayil S, George T, Saleque S. Cooperative Stimulation of Megakaryocytic Differentiation by Gfi1b Gene Targets Kindlin3 and Talin1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164506. [PMID: 27768697 PMCID: PMC5074496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the production and differentiation of megakaryocytes from progenitors is crucial for realizing the biology and functions of these vital cells. Previous gene ablation studies demonstrated the essential role of the transcriptional repressor Gfi1b (growth factor independence 1b) in the generation of both erythroid and megakaryocytic cells. However, our recent work has demonstrated the down-regulation of this factor during megakaryocytic differentiation. In this study we identify two new gene targets of Gfi1b, the cytoskeletal proteins Kindlin3 and Talin1, and demonstrate the inverse expression and functions of these cytoskeletal targets relative to Gfi1b, during megakaryocytic differentiation. Both kindlin3 and talin1 promoters exhibit dose dependent Gfi1b and LSD1 (lysine specific demethylase 1; a Gfi1b cofactor) enrichment in megakaryocytes and repression in non-hematopoietic cells. Accordingly the expression of these genes is elevated in gfi1b mutant and LSD1 inhibited hematopoietic cells, while during megakaryocytic differentiation, declining Gfi1b levels fostered the reciprocal upregulation of these cytoskeletal factors. Concordantly, manipulation of Kindlin3 and Talin1 expression demonstrated positive correlation with megakaryocytic differentiation with over-expression stimulating, and inhibition diminishing, this process. Co-operativity between these factors and integrins in promoting differentiation was further underscored by physical interactions between them and integrinβ3/CD61 and by stimulation of differentiation by the Talin1 head domain, which is necessary and sufficient for integrin activation. Therefore this study demonstrates the significance of Gfi1b regulated Kindlin3-Talin1 expression in driving megakaryocytic differentiation and highlights the contribution of cytoskeletal agents in the developmental progression of these platelet progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Singh
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Ghanshyam Upadhyay
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Ananya Sengupta
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Mohammed A. Biplob
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Shaleen Chakyayil
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Tiji George
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Shireen Saleque
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Jayapal SR, Ang HYK, Wang CQ, Bisteau X, Caldez MJ, Xuan GX, Yu W, Tergaonkar V, Osato M, Lim B, Kaldis P. Cyclin A2 regulates erythrocyte morphology and numbers. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:3070-3081. [PMID: 27657745 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1234546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin A2 is an essential gene for development and in haematopoietic stem cells and therefore its functions in definitive erythropoiesis have not been investigated. We have ablated cyclin A2 in committed erythroid progenitors in vivo using erythropoietin receptor promoter-driven Cre, which revealed its critical role in regulating erythrocyte morphology and numbers. Erythroid-specific cyclin A2 knockout mice are viable but displayed increased mean erythrocyte volume and reduced erythrocyte counts, as well as increased frequency of erythrocytes containing Howell-Jolly bodies. Erythroblasts lacking cyclin A2 displayed defective enucleation, resulting in reduced production of enucleated erythrocytes and increased frequencies of erythrocytes containing nuclear remnants. Deletion of the Cdk inhibitor p27Kip1 but not Cdk2, ameliorated the erythroid defects resulting from deficiency of cyclin A2, confirming the critical role of cyclin A2/Cdk activity in erythroid development. Loss of cyclin A2 in bone marrow cells in semisolid culture prevented the formation of BFU-E but not CFU-E colonies, uncovering its essential role in BFU-E function. Our data unveils the critical functions of cyclin A2 in regulating mammalian erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Raja Jayapal
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
| | | | - Chelsia Qiuxia Wang
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore.,c Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Xavier Bisteau
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
| | - Matias J Caldez
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore.,d National University of Singapore (NUS) , Department of Biochemistry , Singapore
| | - Gan Xiao Xuan
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
| | - Weimiao Yu
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
| | - Motomi Osato
- c Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Bing Lim
- b Genome Institute of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- a Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , Singapore , Republic of Singapore.,d National University of Singapore (NUS) , Department of Biochemistry , Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Salmonella Infection Enhances Erythropoietin Production by the Kidney and Liver, Which Correlates with Elevated Bacterial Burdens. Infect Immun 2016; 84:2833-41. [PMID: 27456828 PMCID: PMC5038055 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00337-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella infection profoundly affects host erythroid development, but the mechanisms responsible for this effect remain poorly understood. We monitored the impact of Salmonella infection on erythroid development and found that systemic infection induced anemia, splenomegaly, elevated erythropoietin (EPO) levels, and extramedullary erythropoiesis in a process independent of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) or flagellin. The circulating EPO level was also constitutively higher in mice lacking the expression of signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα). The expression level of EPO mRNA was elevated in the kidney and liver but not increased in the spleens of infected mice despite the presence of extramedullary erythropoiesis in this tissue. In contrast to data from a previous report, mice lacking EPO receptor (EPOR) expression on nonerythroid cells (EPOR rescued) had bacterial loads similar to those of wild-type mice following Salmonella infection. Indeed, treatment to reduce splenic erythroblasts and mature red blood cells correlated with elevated bacterial burdens, implying that extramedullary erythropoiesis benefits the host. Together, these findings emphasize the profound effect of Salmonella infection on erythroid development and suggest that the modulation of erythroid development has both positive and negative consequences for host immunity.
Collapse
|
83
|
Obeng EA, Chappell RJ, Seiler M, Chen MC, Campagna DR, Schmidt PJ, Schneider RK, Lord AM, Wang L, Gambe RG, McConkey ME, Ali AM, Raza A, Yu L, Buonamici S, Smith PG, Mullally A, Wu CJ, Fleming MD, Ebert BL. Physiologic Expression of Sf3b1(K700E) Causes Impaired Erythropoiesis, Aberrant Splicing, and Sensitivity to Therapeutic Spliceosome Modulation. Cancer Cell 2016; 30:404-417. [PMID: 27622333 PMCID: PMC5023069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
More than 80% of patients with the refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) have mutations in Splicing Factor 3B, Subunit 1 (SF3B1). We generated a conditional knockin mouse model of the most common SF3B1 mutation, Sf3b1(K700E). Sf3b1(K700E) mice develop macrocytic anemia due to a terminal erythroid maturation defect, erythroid dysplasia, and long-term hematopoietic stem cell (LT-HSC) expansion. Sf3b1(K700E) myeloid progenitors and SF3B1-mutant MDS patient samples demonstrate aberrant 3' splice-site selection associated with increased nonsense-mediated decay. Tet2 loss cooperates with Sf3b1(K700E) to cause a more severe erythroid and LT-HSC phenotype. Furthermore, the spliceosome modulator, E7017, selectively kills SF3B1(K700E)-expressing cells. Thus, SF3B1(K700E) expression reflects the phenotype of the mutation in MDS and may be a therapeutic target in MDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther A Obeng
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan J Chappell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Michelle C Chen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dean R Campagna
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul J Schmidt
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rebekka K Schneider
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allegra M Lord
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rutendo G Gambe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marie E McConkey
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abdullah M Ali
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Azra Raza
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Lihua Yu
- H3 Biomedicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA 03129, USA
| | | | | | - Ann Mullally
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mark D Fleming
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Zhao B, Mei Y, Schipma MJ, Roth EW, Bleher R, Rappoport JZ, Wickrema A, Yang J, Ji P. Nuclear Condensation during Mouse Erythropoiesis Requires Caspase-3-Mediated Nuclear Opening. Dev Cell 2016; 36:498-510. [PMID: 26954545 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian erythropoiesis involves chromatin condensation that is initiated in the early stage of terminal differentiation. The mechanisms of chromatin condensation during erythropoiesis are unclear. Here, we show that the mouse erythroblast forms large, transient, and recurrent nuclear openings that coincide with the condensation process. The opening lacks nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complexes, and nuclear membrane, but it is distinct from nuclear envelope changes that occur during apoptosis and mitosis. A fraction of the major histones are released from the nuclear opening and degraded in the cytoplasm. We demonstrate that caspase-3 is required for the nuclear opening formation throughout terminal erythropoiesis. Loss of caspase-3 or ectopic expression of a caspase-3 non-cleavable lamin B mutant blocks nuclear opening formation, histone release, chromatin condensation, and terminal erythroid differentiation. We conclude that caspase-3-mediated nuclear opening formation accompanied by histone release from the opening is a critical step toward chromatin condensation during erythropoiesis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baobing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 3-210, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yang Mei
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 3-210, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Matthew J Schipma
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eric Wayne Roth
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Reiner Bleher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Joshua Z Rappoport
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, Nikon Imaging Center at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amittha Wickrema
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 3-210, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 3-210, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Shi J, Yuan B, Hu W, Lodish H. JAK2 V617F stimulates proliferation of erythropoietin-dependent erythroid progenitors and delays their differentiation by activating Stat1 and other nonerythroid signaling pathways. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:1044-1058.e5. [PMID: 27473563 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
JAK2 V617F is a mutant-activated JAK2 kinase found in most polycythemia vera (PV) patients; it skews normal proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and simulates aberrant expansion of erythroid progenitors. JAK2 V617F is known to activate some signaling pathways not normally activated in mature erythroblasts, but there has been no systematic study of signal transduction pathways or gene expression in erythroid cells expressing JAK2 V617F undergoing erythropoietin (Epo)-dependent terminal differentiation. Here we report that expression of JAK2 V617F in murine fetal liver Epo-dependent progenitors allows them to divide approximately six rather than the normal approximately four times in the presence of Epo, delaying their exit from the cell cycle. Over time, the number of red cells formed from each Epo-dependent progenitor increases fourfold, and these cells eventually differentiate into normal enucleated reticulocytes. We report that purified fetal liver Epo-dependent progenitors express many cytokine receptors additional to the EpoR. Expression of JAK2 V617F triggers activation of Stat5, the only STAT normally activated by Epo, as well as activation of Stat1 and Stat3. Expression of JAK2 V617F also leads to transient induction of many genes not normally activated in terminally differentiating erythroid cells and that are characteristic of other hematopoietic lineages. Inhibition of Stat1 activation blocks JAK2 V617F hyperproliferation of erythroid progenitors, and we conclude that Stat1-mediated activation of nonerythroid signaling pathways delays terminal erythroid differentiation and permits extended cell divisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahai Shi
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA; Departments of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Bingbing Yuan
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA
| | - Wenqian Hu
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA
| | - Harvey Lodish
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA; Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Gautier EF, Ducamp S, Leduc M, Salnot V, Guillonneau F, Dussiot M, Hale J, Giarratana MC, Raimbault A, Douay L, Lacombe C, Mohandas N, Verdier F, Zermati Y, Mayeux P. Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Human Erythropoiesis. Cell Rep 2016; 16:1470-1484. [PMID: 27452463 PMCID: PMC5274717 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics now enables the absolute quantification of thousands of proteins in individual cell types. We used this technology to analyze the dynamic proteome changes occurring during human erythropoiesis. We quantified the absolute expression of 6,130 proteins during erythroid differentiation from late burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-Es) to orthochromatic erythroblasts. A modest correlation between mRNA and protein expression was observed. We identified several proteins with unexpected expression patterns in erythroid cells, highlighting a breakpoint in the erythroid differentiation process at the basophilic stage. We also quantified the distribution of proteins between reticulocytes and pyrenocytes after enucleation. These analyses identified proteins that are actively sorted either with the reticulocyte or the pyrenocyte. Our study provides the absolute quantification of protein expression during a complex cellular differentiation process in humans, and it establishes a framework for future studies of disordered erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie-Fleur Gautier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Ducamp
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Leduc
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Plateforme de Protéomique de l'Université Paris Descartes (3P5), 75014 Paris, France
| | - Virginie Salnot
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Plateforme de Protéomique de l'Université Paris Descartes (3P5), 75014 Paris, France
| | - François Guillonneau
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Plateforme de Protéomique de l'Université Paris Descartes (3P5), 75014 Paris, France
| | | | - John Hale
- New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marie-Catherine Giarratana
- Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France; UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S938 CDR Saint-Antoine, INSERM, Prolifération et Différenciation des Cellules Souches, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Anna Raimbault
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Luc Douay
- Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France; UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S938 CDR Saint-Antoine, INSERM, Prolifération et Différenciation des Cellules Souches, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Lacombe
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France; Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Equipe Labellisée, 75014 Paris, France
| | | | - Frédérique Verdier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France; Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Equipe Labellisée, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Yael Zermati
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France; Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Equipe Labellisée, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Mayeux
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GReX, 75015 Paris, France; Plateforme de Protéomique de l'Université Paris Descartes (3P5), 75014 Paris, France; Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Equipe Labellisée, 75014 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
CBFβ-SMMHC creates aberrant megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors prone to leukemia initiation in mice. Blood 2016; 128:1503-15. [PMID: 27443289 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-01-693119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises through multistep clonal evolution characterized by stepwise accumulation of successive alterations affecting the homeostasis of differentiation, proliferation, self-renewal, and survival programs. The persistence and dynamic clonal evolution of leukemia-initiating cells and preleukemic stem cells during disease progression and treatment are thought to contribute to disease relapse and poor outcome. Inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22), one of the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in AML, leads to expression of a fusion protein CBFβ-SMMHC (CM) known to disrupt myeloid and lymphoid differentiation. Anemia is often observed in AML but is presumed to be a secondary consequence of leukemic clonal expansion. Here, we show that CM expression induces marked deficiencies in erythroid lineage differentiation and early preleukemic expansion of a phenotypic pre-megakaryocyte/erythrocyte (Pre-Meg/E) progenitor population. Using dual-fluorescence reporter mice in lineage tracking and repopulation assays, we show that CM expression cell autonomously causes expansion of abnormal Pre-Meg/E progenitors with compromised erythroid specification and differentiation capacity. The preleukemic Pre-Meg/Es display dysregulated erythroid and megakaryocytic fate-determining factors including increased Spi-1, Gata2, and Gfi1b and reduced Zfpm1, Pf4, Vwf, and Mpl expression. Furthermore, these abnormal preleukemic Pre-Meg/Es have enhanced stress resistance and are prone to leukemia initiation upon acquiring cooperative signals. This study reveals that the leukemogenic CM fusion protein disrupts adult erythropoiesis and creates stress-resistant preleukemic Pre-Meg/E progenitors predisposed to malignant transformation. Abnormality in Meg/E or erythroid progenitors could potentially be considered an early predictive risk factor for leukemia evolution.
Collapse
|
88
|
Liang R, Ghaffari S. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of erythropoiesis in homeostasis and disease. Br J Haematol 2016; 174:661-73. [PMID: 27442953 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anaemia or decreased blood haemoglobin is the most common blood disorder often characterized by reduced red blood cell (RBC) numbers. RBCs are produced from differentiation and commitment of haematopoietic stem cells to the erythroid lineage by a process called erythropoiesis. Coordination of erythropoietin receptor signalling with several erythroid transcription factors including GATA1 is essential for this process. A number of additional players that are critical for RBC production have been identified in recent years. Major technological advances, such as the development of RNA interference, genetically modified animals, including zebrafish, and imaging flow cytometry have led to these discoveries; the emergence of -omics approaches in combination with the optimization of ex vivo erythroid cultures have also produced a more comprehensive understanding of erythropoiesis. Here we summarize studies describing novel regulators of erythropoiesis that modulate erythroid cell production in the context of human erythroid disorders involving hypoxia, iron regulation, immune-related molecules, and the transcription factor FOXO3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Liang
- Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Multidisciplinary Training Area, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saghi Ghaffari
- Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Multidisciplinary Training Area, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Liddicoat BJ, Hartner JC, Piskol R, Ramaswami G, Chalk AM, Kingsley PD, Sankaran VG, Wall M, Purton LE, Seeburg PH, Palis J, Orkin SH, Lu J, Li JB, Walkley CR. Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing by ADAR1 is essential for normal murine erythropoiesis. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:947-63. [PMID: 27373493 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.06.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) convert adenosine residues to inosine in double-stranded RNA. In vivo, ADAR1 is essential for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem/progenitors. Whether other hematopoietic cell types also require ADAR1 has not been assessed. Using erythroid- and myeloid-restricted deletion of Adar1, we demonstrate that ADAR1 is dispensable for myelopoiesis but is essential for normal erythropoiesis. Adar1-deficient erythroid cells display a profound activation of innate immune signaling and high levels of cell death. No changes in microRNA levels were found in ADAR1-deficient erythroid cells. Using an editing-deficient allele, we demonstrate that RNA editing is the essential function of ADAR1 during erythropoiesis. Mapping of adenosine-to-inosine editing in purified erythroid cells identified clusters of hyperedited adenosines located in long 3'-untranslated regions of erythroid-specific transcripts and these are ADAR1-specific editing events. ADAR1-mediated RNA editing is essential for normal erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Liddicoat
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jochen C Hartner
- Taconic Biosciences, Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Piskol
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gokul Ramaswami
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alistair M Chalk
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul D Kingsley
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meaghan Wall
- Victorian Cancer Cytogenetics Service, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise E Purton
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter H Seeburg
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James Palis
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jin Billy Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carl R Walkley
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Zhao B, Mei Y, Yang J, Ji P. Erythropoietin-regulated oxidative stress negatively affects enucleation during terminal erythropoiesis. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:975-81. [PMID: 27364565 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.06.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating erythroblasts are exposed to an oxidative environment. The dynamics of oxidative status during terminal erythropoiesis and how they affect cell differentiation in response to erythropoietin (Epo) are unclear. Here, we show that Epo induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the early stages of terminal erythropoiesis. The levels of ROS correlate with CD71 surface expression and the uptake of iron and transferrin. ROS decreases in the late stages of terminal erythropoiesis, when the cells are preparing for enucleation. Consistently, treatment of erythroblasts with a low dose (5 mM) of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, promotes enucleation. However, a high dose (20 mM) of NAC leads to significant cell death. Our study reveals an important function of Epo in regulating the dynamics of oxidative status and enucleation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baobing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yang Mei
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Steiner LA, Schulz V, Makismova Y, Lezon-Geyda K, Gallagher PG. CTCF and CohesinSA-1 Mark Active Promoters and Boundaries of Repressive Chromatin Domains in Primary Human Erythroid Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155378. [PMID: 27219007 PMCID: PMC4878738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CTCF and cohesinSA-1 are regulatory proteins involved in a number of critical cellular processes including transcription, maintenance of chromatin domain architecture, and insulator function. To assess changes in the CTCF and cohesinSA-1 interactomes during erythropoiesis, chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high throughput sequencing and mRNA transcriptome analyses via RNA-seq were performed in primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and primary human erythroid cells from single donors. Results Sites of CTCF and cohesinSA-1 co-occupancy were enriched in gene promoters in HSPC and erythroid cells compared to single CTCF or cohesin sites. Cell type-specific CTCF sites in erythroid cells were linked to highly expressed genes, with the opposite pattern observed in HSPCs. Chromatin domains were identified by ChIP-seq with antibodies against trimethylated lysine 27 histone H3, a modification associated with repressive chromatin. Repressive chromatin domains increased in both number and size during hematopoiesis, with many more repressive domains in erythroid cells than HSPCs. CTCF and cohesinSA-1 marked the boundaries of these repressive chromatin domains in a cell-type specific manner. Conclusion These genome wide data, changes in sites of protein occupancy, chromatin architecture, and related gene expression, support the hypothesis that CTCF and cohesinSA-1 have multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression during erythropoiesis including transcriptional regulation at gene promoters and maintenance of chromatin architecture. These data from primary human erythroid cells provide a resource for studies of normal and perturbed erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A Steiner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Vincent Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Yelena Makismova
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Lezon-Geyda
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Patrick G Gallagher
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.,Departments of Pathology and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Barminko J, Reinholt B, Baron MH. Development and differentiation of the erythroid lineage in mammals. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:18-29. [PMID: 26709231 PMCID: PMC4775370 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The red blood cell (RBC) is responsible for performing the highly specialized function of oxygen transport, making it essential for survival during gestation and postnatal life. Establishment of sufficient RBC numbers, therefore, has evolved to be a major priority of the postimplantation embryo. The "primitive" erythroid lineage is the first to be specified in the developing embryo proper. Significant resources are dedicated to producing RBCs throughout gestation. Two transient and morphologically distinct waves of hematopoietic progenitor-derived erythropoiesis are observed in development before hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) take over to produce "definitive" RBCs in the fetal liver. Toward the end of gestation, HSCs migrate to the bone marrow, which becomes the primary site of RBC production in the adult. Erythropoiesis is regulated at various stages of erythroid cell maturation to ensure sufficient production of RBCs in response to physiological demands. Here, we highlight key aspects of mammalian erythroid development and maturation as well as differences among the primitive and definitive erythroid cell lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Barminko
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Brad Reinholt
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Margaret H Baron
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Ruiz LM, Jensen EL, Rossel Y, Puas GI, Gonzalez-Ibanez AM, Bustos RI, Ferrick DA, Elorza AA. Non-cytotoxic copper overload boosts mitochondrial energy metabolism to modulate cell proliferation and differentiation in the human erythroleukemic cell line K562. Mitochondrion 2016; 29:18-30. [PMID: 27094959 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Copper is integral to the mitochondrial respiratory complex IV and contributes to proliferation and differentiation, metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial function. The K562 cell line was exposed to a non-cytotoxic copper overload to evaluate mitochondrial dynamics, function and cell fate. This induced higher rates of mitochondrial turnover given by an increase in mitochondrial fusion and fission events and in the autophagic flux. The appearance of smaller and condensed mitochondria was also observed. Bioenergetics activity included more respiratory complexes, higher oxygen consumption rate, superoxide production and ATP synthesis, with no decrease in membrane potential. Increased cell proliferation and inhibited differentiation also occurred. Non-cytotoxic copper levels can modify mitochondrial metabolism and cell fate, which could be used in cancer biology and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina M Ruiz
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 7500912 Santiago, Chile
| | - Erik L Jensen
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yancing Rossel
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | - German I Puas
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro M Gonzalez-Ibanez
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo I Bustos
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Alvaro A Elorza
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, 8331150 Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Li H, Shi J, Huang NJ, Pishesha N, Natarajan A, Eng JC, Lodish HF. Efficient CRISPR-Cas9 mediated gene disruption in primary erythroid progenitor cells. Haematologica 2016; 101:e216-9. [PMID: 26969085 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.135723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Li
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Division of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nai-Jia Huang
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer C Eng
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Harvey F Lodish
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Furusawa A, Sadashivaiah K, Singh ZN, Civin CI, Banerjee A. Inefficient megakaryopoiesis in mouse hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells lacking T-bet. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:194-206.e17. [PMID: 26607595 PMCID: PMC4789076 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs) into mature blood lineages results from the translation of extracellular signals into changes in the expression levels of transcription factors controlling cell fate decisions. Multiple transcription factor families are known to be involved in hematopoiesis. Although the T-box transcription factor family is known to be involved in the differentiation of multiple tissues, and expression of T-bet, a T-box family transcription factor, has been observed in HSPCs, T-box family transcription factors do not have a described role in HSPC differentiation. In the current study, we address the functional consequences of T-bet expression in mouse HSPCs. T-bet protein levels differed among HSPC subsets, with highest levels observed in megakaryo-erythroid progenitor cells (MEPs), the common precursor to megakaryocytes and erythrocytes. HSPCs from T-bet-deficient mice exhibited a defect in megakaryocytic differentiation when cultured in the presence of thrombopoietin. In contrast, erythroid differentiation in culture in the presence of erythropoietin was not substantially altered in T-bet-deficient HSPCs. Differences observed with respect to megakaryocyte number and maturity, as assessed by level of expression of CD41 and CD61, and megakaryocyte ploidy, in T-bet-deficient HSPCs were not associated with altered proliferation or survival in culture. Gene expression micro-array analysis of MEPs from T-bet-deficient mice exhibited diminished expression of multiple genes associated with the megakaryocyte lineage. These data advance our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of megakaryopoiesis by supporting a new role for T-bet in the differentiation of MEPs into megakaryocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aki Furusawa
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kavitha Sadashivaiah
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Zeba N Singh
- Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Curt I Civin
- Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Arnob Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway in murine MDS/MPN driven by hyperactive Ras. Leukemia 2016; 30:1335-43. [PMID: 26965285 PMCID: PMC4889473 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemias (CMML and JMML) are myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasia (MDS/MPN) overlap syndromes that respond poorly to conventional treatments. Aberrant Ras activation due to NRAS, KRAS, PTPN11, CBL, and NF1 mutations is common in CMML and JMML. However, no mechanism-based treatments currently exist for cancers with any of these mutations. An alternative therapeutic strategy involves targeting Ras-regulated effector pathways that are aberrantly activated in CMML and JMML, which include the Raf/MEK/ERK and phosphoinositide-3´-OH kinase (PI3K)/Akt cascades. Mx1-Cre, KrasD12 and Mx1-Cre, Nf1flox/− mice accurately model many aspects of CMML and JMML. Treating Mx1-Cre, KrasD12 mice with GDC-0941 (also referred to as pictilisib), an orally bioavailable inhibitor of class I PI3K isoforms, reduced leukocytosis, anemia, and splenomegaly while extending survival. However, GDC-0941 treatment attenuated activation of both PI3K/Akt and Raf/MEK/ERK pathways in primary hematopoietic cells, suggesting it could be acting through suppression of Raf/MEK/ERK signals. To interrogate the importance of the PI3K/Akt pathway specifically, we treated mice with the allosteric Akt inhibitor MK-2206. This compound had no effect on Raf/MEK/ERK signaling, yet it also induced robust hematologic responses in Kras and Nf1 mice with MPN. These data support investigating PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy in JMML and CMML patients.
Collapse
|
97
|
H2AX deficiency is associated with erythroid dysplasia and compromised haematopoietic stem cell function. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19589. [PMID: 26791933 PMCID: PMC4726203 DOI: 10.1038/srep19589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal disorders of haematopoiesis characterised by dysplastic changes of major myeloid cell lines. However, the mechanisms underlying these dysplastic changes are poorly understood. Here, we used a genetically modified mouse model and human patient data to examine the physiological roles of H2AX in haematopoiesis and how the loss of H2AX contributes to dyserythropoiesis in MDS. H2AX knockout mice showed cell-autonomous anaemia and erythroid dysplasia, mimicking dyserythropoiesis in MDS. Also, dyserythropoiesis was increased in MDS patients with the deletion of chromosome 11q23, where H2AX is located. Although loss of H2AX did not affect the early stage of terminal erythropoiesis, enucleation was decreased. H2AX deficiency also led to the loss of quiescence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which dramatically compromised their bone marrow engraftment. These results reveal important roles of H2AX in late-stage terminal erythropoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell function.
Collapse
|
98
|
Abstract
Oncogenic transcription factors are commonly activated in acute leukemias and subvert normal gene expression networks to reprogram hematopoietic progenitors into preleukemic stem cells, as exemplified by LIM-only 2 (LMO2) in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Whether or not these oncoproteins interfere with other DNA-dependent processes is largely unexplored. Here, we show that LMO2 is recruited to DNA replication origins by interaction with three essential replication enzymes: DNA polymerase delta (POLD1), DNA primase (PRIM1), and minichromosome 6 (MCM6). Furthermore, tethering LMO2 to synthetic DNA sequences is sufficient to transform these sequences into origins of replication. We next addressed the importance of LMO2 in erythroid and thymocyte development, two lineages in which cell cycle and differentiation are tightly coordinated. Lowering LMO2 levels in erythroid progenitors delays G1-S progression and arrests erythropoietin-dependent cell growth while favoring terminal differentiation. Conversely, ectopic expression in thymocytes induces DNA replication and drives these cells into cell cycle, causing differentiation blockade. Our results define a novel role for LMO2 in directly promoting DNA synthesis and G1-S progression.
Collapse
|
99
|
Divoky V, Song J, Horvathova M, Kralova B, Votavova H, Prchal JT, Yoon D. Delayed hemoglobin switching and perinatal neocytolysis in mice with gain-of-function erythropoietin receptor. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 94:597-608. [PMID: 26706855 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mutations of the truncated cytoplasmic domain of human erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) result in gain-of-function of erythropoietin (EPO) signaling and a dominantly inherited polycythemia, primary familial and congenital polycythemia (PFCP). We interrogated the unexplained transient absence of perinatal polycythemia observed in PFCP patients using an animal model of PFCP to examine its erythropoiesis during embryonic, perinatal, and early postnatal periods. In this model, we replaced the murine EpoR gene (mEpoR) with the wild-type human EPOR (wtHEPOR) or mutant human EPOR gene (mtHEPOR) and previously reported that the gain-of-function mtHEPOR mice become polycythemic at 3~6 weeks of age, but not at birth, similar to the phenotype of PFCP patients. In contrast, wtHEPOR mice had sustained anemia. We report that the mtHEPOR fetuses are polycythemic, but their polycythemia is abrogated in the perinatal period and reappears again at 3 weeks after birth. mtHEPOR fetuses have a delayed switch from primitive to definitive erythropoiesis, augmented erythropoietin signaling, and prolonged Stat5 phosphorylation while the wtHEPOR fetuses are anemic. Our study demonstrates the in vivo effect of excessive EPO/EPOR signaling on developmental erythropoiesis switch and describes that fetal polycythemia in this PFCP model is followed by transient correction of polycythemia in perinatal life associated with low Epo levels and increased exposure of erythrocytes' phosphatidylserine. We suggest that neocytolysis contributes to the observed perinatal correction of polycythemia in mtHEPOR newborns as embryos leaving the hypoxic uterus are exposed to normoxia at birth. KEY MESSAGE Human gain-of-function EPOR (mtHEPOR) causes fetal polycythemia in knock-in mice. Wild-type human EPOR causes fetal anemia in knock-in mouse model. mtHEPOR mice have delayed switch from primitive to definitive erythropoiesis. Polycythemia of mtHEPOR mice is transiently corrected in perinatal life. mtHEPOR newborns have low Epo and increased exposure of erythrocytes' phosphatidylserine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Divoky
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jihyun Song
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Utah and VAH, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Monika Horvathova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Kralova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Votavova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, 12820, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef T Prchal
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Utah and VAH, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
| | - Donghoon Yoon
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Utah and VAH, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
- Myeloma Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Sengupta A, Upadhyay G, Sen S, Saleque S. Reciprocal regulation of alternative lineages by Rgs18 and its transcriptional repressor Gfi1b. J Cell Sci 2015; 129:145-54. [PMID: 26567214 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.177519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate diversification of cellular lineages from multi-potent progenitors is essential for normal development and homeostasis. The specification of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages represents an especially vital developmental event whose molecular regulation remains incompletely defined. We now demonstrate the role of Rgs18, a GTPase-activating protein and transcriptional target of the repressor Gfi1b, in regulating these processes in mouse and human cells. Gfi1b stringently represses Rgs18 expression in erythroid cells, whereas, during megakaryocytic differentiation, declining Gfi1b levels facilitate a robust induction of Rgs18. Concordantly, alterations in Rgs18 expression produce disparate outcomes by augmenting megakaryocytic and potently suppressing erythroid differentiation and vice versa. These phenotypes reflect the differential impact of Rgs18 on signaling through p38 MAPK family proteins, and ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1, respectively) in the two lineages, which in turn alter the balance between the mutually antagonistic transcription factors Fli1 and Klf1. Overall, these results identify Rgs18 as a new and crucial effector of Gfi1b that regulates downstream signaling and gene expression programs to orchestrate erythro-megakaryocytic lineage choices. This dual role of Rgs18 in reciprocally regulating divergent lineages could exemplify generic mechanisms characteristic of multiple family members in different contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Sengupta
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Ghanshyam Upadhyay
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Sayani Sen
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Shireen Saleque
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| |
Collapse
|