51
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Liu X, Liu P, Chernock RD, Kuhs KA, Lewis JS, Luo J, Gay HA, Thorstad WL, Wang X. A prognostic gene expression signature for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:102805. [PMID: 33038770 PMCID: PMC7648117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust prognostic stratification of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is important for developing individualized treatment plans. This study was conducted to develop and validate a clinically feasible prognostic classifier based on transcriptome-wide gene expression profiles. METHODS Tumor tissues were collected from 208 OPSCC patients treated at Washington University in St. Louis and 130 OPSCC patients treated at Vanderbilt University, used for model training and validation, respectively. OPSCC patients (n = 70) from the TCGA cohort were also included for independent validation. Based on RNA-seq profiling data, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify genes associated with disease outcomes. Then, Lasso-penalized multivariate survival models were constructed to identify biomarker genes for developing a prognostic gene signature. FINDINGS A 60-gene signature was identified by RNA-seq profiling analysis. Computed risk score of the gene signature was significantly predictive of 5-year overall survival of the training cohort (Hazard ratio (HR) 28·32, P = 4·3E-41). Subgroup analysis stratified by HPV status revealed that the signature was prognostic in HPV-positive OPSCC patients (HR 30·55, P = 7·0E-37) and was independent of clinical features. Importantly, the gene signature was validated in two independent patient cohorts, including the TCGA cohort (HR 3·94, P = 0·0018) and the Vanderbilt cohort (HR 8·50, P = 5·7E-09) for overall survival. INTERPRETATION The prognostic gene signature is a robust tool for risk stratification of OPSCC patients. The signature remains prognostic among HPV-positive OPSCC patients. FUNDING National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca D. Chernock
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Krystle A.Lang Kuhs
- Department of Otolaryngology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James S. Lewis
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jingqin Luo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hiram A. Gay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wade L. Thorstad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Voisset E, Brenet F, Lopez S, de Sepulveda P. SRC-Family Kinases in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and Mastocytosis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071996. [PMID: 32708273 PMCID: PMC7409304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases have been recognized as important actors of cell transformation and cancer progression, since their discovery as products of viral oncogenes. SRC-family kinases (SFKs) play crucial roles in normal hematopoiesis. Not surprisingly, they are hyperactivated and are essential for membrane receptor downstream signaling in hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and mastocytosis. The precise roles of SFKs are difficult to delineate due to the number of substrates, the functional redundancy among members, and the use of tools that are not selective. Yet, a large num ber of studies have accumulated evidence to support that SFKs are rational therapeutic targets in AML and mastocytosis. These two pathologies are regulated by two related receptor tyrosine kinases, which are well known in the field of hematology: FLT3 and KIT. FLT3 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in AML, while KIT oncogenic mutations occur in 80-90% of mastocytosis. Studies on oncogenic FLT3 and KIT signaling have shed light on specific roles for members of the SFK family. This review highlights the central roles of SFKs in AML and mastocytosis, and their interconnection with FLT3 and KIT oncoproteins.
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He S, Zheng G, Yang X, Dong J, Zhou D, Venugopal N, Yao Y, Cheng Z. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J induces B cell anergy mediated by Lyn inhibited BCR signal transduction. Vet Microbiol 2020; 247:108781. [PMID: 32768227 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immune tolerance induced by avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is a prerequisite for tumorigenesis. Although we had reported that B cell anergy induced by ALV-J was the main reason for immune tolerance, the molecular mechanism still remains unclear. Here, we found SU protein of ALV-J interacted with tyrosine kinase Lyn (a key protein in BCR signaling pathway) by confocal laser scanning microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation test, which suggested that Lyn might play an important role in B cell anergy induced by ALV-J. Correspondingly, the mRNA and protein level of Lyn was significantly up-regulated in B cells after ALV-J infection. Subsequently, the phosphorylated protein levels of Lyn at Tyr507 site were significantly up-regulated in ALV-J-infected B cells after BCR signal activation, but the phosphorylated protein level of Syk (a direct substrate of Lyn) at Tyr525/526 site, Ca2+ flux, and NF-κB p65 protein level were significantly down-regulated. Interestingly, the phosphorylated protein level of Syk at Tyr525/526 site, Ca2+ flux, and NF-κB p65 protein level were both significantly retrieved after the shLyn treatment in B cells infected by ALV-J. In summary, these results indicated that ALV-J activated the negative regulatory effect of phosphorylated Lyn protein at 507 site in BCR signal transduction pathway and then mediated B cell anergy, which will provide a new insight for revealing the pathogenesis of immune tolerance induced by ALV-J.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Husbandry and Veterinary, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, No 1, North Ring Road, Xinyang City, Henan Province, 464000, China.
| | - Gaoying Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Hospital of Shandong Agricultural University, No 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
| | - Jianguo Dong
- College of Husbandry and Veterinary, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, No 1, North Ring Road, Xinyang City, Henan Province, 464000, China.
| | - Defang Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
| | - Nair Venugopal
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence on Avian Disease Research, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK.
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence on Avian Disease Research, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK.
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
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Su R, Zhang J. Oncogenic role of LYN in human gastric cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin and AKT/mTOR pathways. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:646-654. [PMID: 32509024 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
LYN kinase (LYN) is a member of the Src tyrosine kinase family, which plays an important role in multiple tumor-related functions. The current study demonstrated that LYN functions as a pro-oncogene in AGS gastric cancer cells. It was found that LYN expression levels were significantly raised in gastric cancer tissue and were significantly associated with the pathological grades of patients with gastric cancer. This was accomplished by knocking down LYN in AGS cells using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmid transfection, with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR detection verifying the effectiveness of RNA interference. It was found that the cell proliferation and colony formation abilities of AGS cells were significantly inhibited, using CCK-8 and clone formation assays, respectively. Furthermore, LYN knockdown was found to induce apoptosis and inhibit both migration and invasion in AGS cells, using flow cytometry and Transwell assays, respectively. A mechanical investigation further suggested that LYN knockdown resulted in the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Likewise, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was inactivated by LYN knockdown, including decreased levels of Wnt3a, β-catenin, snail family transcriptional repressor (Snail)1 and Snail2. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition mesenchymal markers (including N-cadherin and vimentin) were also found to be downregulated, and E-cadherin was upregulated in LYN-silenced AGS cells. Finally, the AKT/mTOR pathway was found to be downregulated by LYN knockdown in AGS cells, including decreased levels of phosphorylated (p)-AKT (Ser473), p-mTOR (Ser2448), and the down-stream effector p70S6 kinase (p70S6K). Furthermore, the AKT pathway activator, insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), was found to reverse the inhibitory effects of LYN knockdown on the proliferation, migration and invasion of AGS cells. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that LYN plays an oncogenic role in the proliferation, survival and movement of human gastric cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin and AKT/mTOR pathways. The current research provides a comprehensive insight into the regulation of LYN in gastric cancer and may help with the development of new tumor treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Dai HP, Yin J, Li Z, Yang CX, Cao T, Chen P, Zong YH, Zhu MQ, Zhu XM, Xiao S, Wu DP, Tang XW. Rapid Molecular Response to Dasatinib in a Pediatric Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With NCOR1-LYN Fusion. Front Oncol 2020; 10:359. [PMID: 32266142 PMCID: PMC7098965 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is associated with high rates of treatment failure and poor outcome. Activation of ABL/Src family kinases is found in ~10% of Ph-like ALL, which can be therapeutically targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. LYN is a member of the ABL/Src-tyrosine kinase family. Somatic LYN rearrangements are found in 5 cases of hematopoietic malignancies so far, although none of them were treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Case presentation: A 6-year-old boy with relapsed B-ALL had no response to reinduction chemotherapy. He was then treated with the ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib and achieved complete remission within 2 weeks. Haploidentical allogenic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was subsequently performed and maintenance therapy with dasatinib initiated 8 weeks post-transplantation. He has been in minimal residual disease negative remission for 10 months after allo-HSCT. Result: His bone marrow karyotype showed a balanced translocation between chromosomes 8 and 17, leading to a NCOR1-LYN fusion gene confirmed with sequencing. Conclusion: Although LYN overexpression is described in many AML and B-ALL patients, intragenic LYN rearrangement is a rare event. For the first time, we present evidence that dasatinib is effective in treating a pediatric B-ALL with NCOR-LYN fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Yin
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Tin Cao
- Sano Suzhou Precision Medicine Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Sano Suzhou Precision Medicine Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Yun-Hui Zong
- Sano Suzhou Precision Medicine Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qing Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xia-Ming Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - De-Pei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Roberts ME, Barvalia M, Silva JAFD, Cederberg RA, Chu W, Wong A, Tai DC, Chen S, Matos I, Priatel JJ, Cullis PR, Harder KW. Deep Phenotyping by Mass Cytometry and Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals LYN-Regulated Signaling Profiles Underlying Monocyte Subset Heterogeneity and Lifespan. Circ Res 2020; 126:e61-e79. [PMID: 32151196 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Monocytes are key effectors of the mononuclear phagocyte system, playing critical roles in regulating tissue homeostasis and coordinating inflammatory reactions, including those involved in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Monocytes have traditionally been divided into 2 major subsets termed conventional monocytes and patrolling monocytes (pMo) but recent systems immunology approaches have identified marked heterogeneity within these cells, and much of what regulates monocyte population homeostasis remains unknown. We and others have previously identified LYN tyrosine kinase as a key negative regulator of myeloid cell biology; however, LYN's role in regulating specific monocyte subset homeostasis has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE We sought to comprehensively profile monocytes to elucidate the underlying heterogeneity within monocytes and dissect how Lyn deficiency affects monocyte subset composition, signaling, and gene expression. We further tested the biological significance of these findings in a model of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Mass cytometric analysis of monocyte subsets and signaling pathway activation patterns in conventional monocytes and pMos revealed distinct baseline signaling profiles and far greater heterogeneity than previously described. Lyn deficiency led to a selective expansion of pMos and alterations in specific signaling pathways within these cells, revealing a critical role for LYN in pMo physiology. LYN's role in regulating pMos was cell-intrinsic and correlated with an increased circulating half-life of Lyn-deficient pMos. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed marked perturbations in the gene expression profiles of Lyn-/- monocytes with upregulation of genes involved in pMo development, survival, and function. Lyn deficiency also led to a significant increase in aorta-associated pMos and protected Ldlr-/- mice from high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Together our data identify LYN as a key regulator of pMo development and a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases regulated by pMos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Roberts
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maunish Barvalia
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jessica A F D Silva
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rachel A Cederberg
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William Chu
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amanda Wong
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Daven C Tai
- Department of Pediatrics (D.C.T.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada (D.C.T., J.J.P.)
| | - Sam Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.C., P.R.C.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Israel Matos
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John J Priatel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.J.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada (D.C.T., J.J.P.)
| | - Pieter R Cullis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.C., P.R.C.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kenneth W Harder
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M.E.R., M.B., J.A.F.D.S., R.A.C., W.C., A.W., I.M., K.W.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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57
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Elgamal OA, Mehmood A, Jeon JY, Carmichael B, Lehman A, Orwick SJ, Truxall J, Goettl VM, Wasmuth R, Tran M, Mitchell S, Lapalombella R, Eathiraj S, Schwartz B, Stegmaier K, Baker SD, Hertlein E, Byrd JC. Preclinical efficacy for a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ArQule 531 against acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:8. [PMID: 31992353 PMCID: PMC6988309 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of adult leukemia. Several studies have demonstrated that oncogenesis in AML is enhanced by kinase signaling pathways such as Src family kinases (SFK) including Src and Lyn, spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), and bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Recently, the multi-kinase inhibitor ArQule 531 (ARQ 531) has demonstrated potent inhibition of SFK and BTK that translated to improved pre-clinical in vivo activity as compared with the irreversible BTK inhibitor ibrutinib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) models. Given the superior activity of ARQ 531 in CLL, and recognition that this molecule has a broad kinase inhibition profile, we pursued its application in pre-clinical models of AML. METHODS The potency of ARQ 531 was examined in vitro using FLT3 wild type and mutated (ITD) AML cell lines and primary samples. The modulation of pro-survival kinases following ARQ 531 treatment was determined using AML cell lines. The effect of SYK expression on ARQ 531 potency was evaluated using a SYK overexpressing cell line (Ba/F3 murine cells) constitutively expressing FLT3-ITD. Finally, the in vivo activity of ARQ 531 was evaluated using MOLM-13 disseminated xenograft model. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that ARQ 531 treatment has anti-proliferative activity in vitro and impairs colony formation in AML cell lines and primary AML cells independent of the presence of a FLT3 ITD mutation. We demonstrate decreased phosphorylation of oncogenic kinases targeted by ARQ 531, including SFK (Tyr416), BTK, and fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), ultimately leading to changes in down-stream targets including SYK, STAT5a, and ERK1/2. Based upon in vitro drug synergy data, we examined ARQ 531 in the MOLM-13 AML xenograft model alone and in combination with venetoclax. Despite ARQ 531 having a less favorable pharmacokinetics profile in rodents, we demonstrate modest single agent in vivo activity and synergy with venetoclax. CONCLUSIONS Our data support consideration of the application of ARQ 531 in combination trials for AML targeting higher drug concentrations in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A Elgamal
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Abeera Mehmood
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jae Yoon Jeon
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bridget Carmichael
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Amy Lehman
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shelley J Orwick
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jean Truxall
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Virginia M Goettl
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ronni Wasmuth
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Minh Tran
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shaneice Mitchell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | | | | | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharyn D Baker
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin Hertlein
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - John C Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 455 Wiseman Hall, 400 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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58
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Kim MJ, Je IG, Song J, Fei X, Lee S, Yang H, Kang W, Jang YH, Seo SY, Kim SH. SG-SP1 Suppresses Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation via Inhibition of FcεRI Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:50. [PMID: 32063904 PMCID: PMC6998798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the number of allergic disease increases, studies to identify new treatments take on new urgency. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major component of green tea, has been shown to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammation and anti-viral infection. In previous study, gallic acid (GA), a part of EGCG, has shown anti-allergic inflammatory effect. To improve on preliminary evidence that GA has allergy mitigating effect, we designed SG-SP1 based on GA, and aimed to assess the effects of SG-SP1 on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation using various animal and in vitro models. Methods: For in vitro experiments, various types of IgE-stimulated mast cells (RBL-2H3: mast cell-like basophilic leukemia cells, and primary cultured peritoneal and bone marrow-derived mast cells) were used to determine the role of SG-SP1 (0.1–1 nM). Immunoglobulin (Ig) E-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and ovalbumin-induced systemic anaphylaxis, standard animal models for immediate-type hypersensitivity were also used. Results: For in vitro, SG-SP1 reduced degranulation of mast cells by down-regulating intracellular calcium levels in a concentration-dependent manner. SG-SP1 decreased expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in activated mast cells. This suppressive effect was associated with inhibition of the phosphorylation of Lyn, Syk and Akt, and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB. Due to the strong inhibitory effect of SG-SP1 on Lyn, the known upstream signaling to FcεRI-dependent pathway, we confirmed the direct binding of SG-SP1 to FcεRI, a high affinity IgE receptor by surface plasmon resonance experiment. Oral administration of SG-SP1 hindered allergic symptoms of both anaphylaxis models evidenced by reduction of hypothermia, serum IgE, ear thickness, and tissue pigmentation. This inhibition was mediated by the reductions in serum histamine and interleukin-4. Conclusions: We determined that SG-SP1 directly interacts with FcεRI and propose SG-SP1 as a therapeutic candidate for mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory disorders via inhibition of FcεRI signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jong Kim
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Gyu Je
- Research Laboratories, ILDONG Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, South Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Song
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Xiang Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Huiseon Yang
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wonku Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Bag N, Holowka DA, Baird BA. Imaging FCS delineates subtle heterogeneity in plasma membranes of resting mast cells. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:709-723. [PMID: 31895009 PMCID: PMC7202073 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-10-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A myriad of transient, nanoscopic lipid- and protein-based interactions confer a steady-state organization of the plasma membrane in resting cells that is poised to orchestrate assembly of key signaling components upon reception of an extracellular stimulus. Although difficult to observe directly in live cells, these subtle interactions can be discerned by their impact on the diffusion of membrane constituents. Here, we quantified the diffusion properties of a panel of structurally distinct lipid, lipid-anchored, and transmembrane (TM) probes in RBL mast cells by imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (ImFCS). We developed a statistical analysis of data combined from many pixels over multiple cells to characterize differences in diffusion coefficients as small as 10%, which reflect differences in underlying interactions. We found that the distinctive diffusion properties of lipid probes can be explained by their dynamic partitioning into Lo-like proteolipid nanodomains, which encompass a major fraction of the membrane and whose physical properties are influenced by actin polymerization. Effects on diffusion of functional protein modules in both lipid-anchored and TM probes reflect additional complexity in steady state membrane organization. The contrast we observe between different probes diffusing through the same membrane milieu represents the dynamic resting steady state, which serves as a baseline for monitoring plasma membrane remodeling that occurs upon stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Bag
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - David A Holowka
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Barbara A Baird
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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Meng L, Chen Z, Jiang Z, Huang T, Hu J, Luo P, Zhang H, Huang M, Huang L, Chen Y, Lu M, Xu AM, Ying S. MiR-122-5p suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells by targeting LYN. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:49-57. [PMID: 31828293 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of malignant tumors with high mortality and morbidity in the world. MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) acts as a tumor suppressor in a variety of cancers and has been found to be dominant in gastric adenocarcinoma. However, the specific biological function of miR-122-5p in GC is not completely clear. In this study, we found that miR-122-5p was low-expressed in GC tissues and cell lines by using qRT-PCR. Overexpression of miR-122-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells by using CCK-8 and transwell assays. On the contrary, downregulation of miR-122-5p promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. In addition, we found that the expression of LYN, an Src family tyrosine kinase, was inversely correlated with miR-122-5p expression in GC tissues by using western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR assays. Meanwhile, luciferase assay results indicated that LYN is a direct target of miR-122-5p in GC cells. Moreover, silencing LYN expression by its siRNA inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Importantly, overexpression of LYN restored miR-122-5p-mediated inhibition of the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Taken together, our results indicated miR-122-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting LYN in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhangming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Panquan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - A-man Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Mekonnen YA, Gültas M, Effa K, Hanotte O, Schmitt AO. Identification of Candidate Signature Genes and Key Regulators Associated With Trypanotolerance in the Sheko Breed. Front Genet 2019; 10:1095. [PMID: 31803229 PMCID: PMC6872528 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) is caused by a protozoan parasite that affects the health of livestock. Livestock production in Ethiopia is severely hampered by AAT and various controlling measures were not successful to eradicate the disease. AAT affects the indigenous breeds in varying degrees. However, the Sheko breed shows better trypanotolerance than other breeds. The tolerance attributes of Sheko are believed to be associated with its taurine genetic background but the genetic controls of these tolerance attributes of Sheko are not well understood. In order to investigate the level of taurine background in the genome, we compare the genome of Sheko with that of 11 other African breeds. We find that Sheko has an admixed genome composed of taurine and indicine ancestries. We apply three methods: (i) The integrated haplotype score (iHS), (ii) the standardized log ratio of integrated site specific extended haplotype homozygosity between populations (Rsb), and (iii) the composite likelihood ratio (CLR) method to discover selective sweeps in the Sheko genome. We identify 99 genomic regions harboring 364 signature genes in Sheko. Out of the signature genes, 15 genes are selected based on their biological importance described in the literature. We also identify 13 overrepresented pathways and 10 master regulators in Sheko using the TRANSPATH database in the geneXplain platform. Most of the pathways are related with oxidative stress responses indicating a possible selection response against the induction of oxidative stress following trypanosomiasis infection in Sheko. Furthermore, we present for the first time the importance of master regulators involved in trypanotolerance not only for the Sheko breed but also in the context of cattle genomics. Our finding shows that the master regulator Caspase is a key protease which plays a major role for the emergence of adaptive immunity in harmony with the other master regulators. These results suggest that designing and implementing genetic intervention strategies is necessary to improve the performance of susceptible animals. Moreover, the master regulatory analysis suggests potential candidate therapeutic targets for the development of new drugs for trypanosomiasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Ayalew Mekonnen
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kefena Effa
- Animal Biosciences, National Program Coordinator for African Dairy Genetic Gain, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Olivier Hanotte
- Cells, Organisms amd Molecular Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,LiveGene, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Armin O Schmitt
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Yao B, Liu J, Xu D, Pan D, Zhang M, Zhao D, Leng X. Dissection of the molecular targets and signaling pathways of Guzhi Zengsheng Zhitongwan based on the analysis of serum proteomics. Chin Med 2019; 14:29. [PMID: 31485261 PMCID: PMC6712859 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Guzhi Zengsheng Zhitongwan (GZZSZTW) is an effective formula of traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been widely applied in the treatment of joint diseases for many years. The aim of this study was to dissect the molecular targets and signaling pathways of Guzhi Zengsheng Zhitongwan based on the analysis of serum proteomics. Methods The Chinese herbs of GZZSZTW were immersed in 5 l distilled water and boiled with reflux extraction method. The extract was filtered, concentrated and freeze-dried. The chemical profile of GZZSZTW extract was determined by high-performance lipid chromatography (HPLC). The 7-week old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in GZZSZTW groups were received oral administration at doses of 0.8, 1.05, and 1.3 g/kg per day and the rats in blank group were fed with drinking water. Serum samples were collected from the jugular veins. Primary chondrocyte viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. A full spectrum of the molecular targets and signaling pathways of GZZSZTW were investigated by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis and a systematic bioinformatics analysis accompanied with parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and siRNA validation. Results GZZSZTW regulated a series of functional proteins and signaling pathways responsible for cartilage development, growth and repair. Functional classification analysis indicated that these proteins were mainly involved in the process of cell surface dynamics. Pathway analysis mapped these proteins into several signalling pathways involved in chondrogenesis, chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and cartilage repair, including hippo signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, cell cycle and calcium signaling pathway. Protein–protein interaction analysis and siRNA knockdown assay identified an interaction network consisting of TGFB1, RHO GTPases, ILK, FLNA, LYN, DHX15, PKM, RAB15, RAB1B and GIPC1. Conclusions Our results suggest that the effects of GZZSZTW on treating joint diseases might be achieved through the TGFB1/RHO interaction network coupled with other proteins and signaling pathways responsible for cartilage development, growth and repair. Therefore, the present study has greatly expanded our knowledge and provided scientific support for the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of GZZSZTW on treating joint diseases. It also provided possible alternative strategies for the prevention and treatment for joint diseases by using traditional Chinese herbal formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Yao
- 1Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Jia Liu
- 2College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Duoduo Xu
- 1Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Daian Pan
- 1Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Mei Zhang
- 3Innovation Practice Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- 1Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Xiangyang Leng
- 4The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
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Targeting Tyrosine Kinases in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Why, Who and How? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143429. [PMID: 31336846 PMCID: PMC6679203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a myeloid malignancy carrying a heterogeneous molecular panel of mutations participating in the blockade of differentiation and the increased proliferation of myeloid hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The historical "3 + 7" treatment (cytarabine and daunorubicin) is currently challenged by new therapeutic strategies, including drugs depending on the molecular landscape of AML. This panel of mutations makes it possible to combine some of these new treatments with conventional chemotherapy. For example, the FLT3 receptor is overexpressed or mutated in 80% or 30% of AML, respectively. Such anomalies have led to the development of targeted therapies using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In this review, we document the history of TKI targeting, FLT3 and several other tyrosine kinases involved in dysregulated signaling pathways.
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Green barley mitigates cytotoxicity in human lymphocytes undergoing aggressive oxidative stress, via activation of both the Lyn/PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6005. [PMID: 30979953 PMCID: PMC6461650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in numerous diseases. Therefore, the pursuit of compounds with antioxidant activity remains critical. Green barley young leaves aqueous extract (GB) was tested for its capacity to ameliorate cellular oxidative stress, and its potential cytoprotective mechanism was partially elucidated. Through Folin-Ciocalteau and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) colorimetric assays, GB total phenolic content and free radical scavenging activity were found to be 59.91 ± 2.17 mg/L and 110.75 µg/ml (IC50), respectively. Using a live cell-based propidium iodide dye exclusion assay and flow cytometry, GB was found to display significant cytoprotection activity on three human lymphocytic cell lines exposed to an aggressive H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The molecular mechanism for GB cytoprotection activity was assessed via bead-based xMAP technology on the Luminex platform and western blot analysis. GB treatment resulted in activation of Lyn, Akt, and ERK1/2, suggesting that GB is able to mitigate the H2O2-induced oxidative stress via activation of both the Lyn/PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK pathways. Our findings support the notion that GB extract has the potential to be a valuable therapeutic agent and may serve to establish a strategy to discover potential compound(s) or biological extracts/mixtures to be incorporated as a treatment to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases.
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65
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Berndt S, Gurevich VV, Iverson TM. Crystal structure of the SH3 domain of human Lyn non-receptor tyrosine kinase. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215140. [PMID: 30969999 PMCID: PMC6457566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyn kinase (Lck/Yes related novel protein tyrosine kinase) belongs to the family of Src-related non-receptor tyrosine kinases. Consistent with physiological roles in cell growth and proliferation, aberrant function of Lyn is associated with various forms of cancer, including leukemia, breast cancer and melanoma. Here, we determine a 1.3 Å resolution crystal structure of the polyproline-binding SH3 regulatory domain of human Lyn kinase, which adopts a five-stranded β-barrel fold. Mapping of cancer-associated point mutations onto this structure reveals that these amino acid substitutions are distributed throughout the SH3 domain and may affect Lyn kinase function distinctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Berndt
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Vsevolod V. Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - T. M. Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mirzakhani H, Al-Garawi AA, Carey VJ, Qiu W, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST. Expression network analysis reveals cord blood vitamin D-associated genes affecting risk of early life wheeze. Thorax 2019; 74:200-202. [PMID: 30021811 PMCID: PMC11293338 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) has been reported in association with risk of early life recurrent wheeze. In a subset of infants who participated in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial, we demonstrated that higher cord blood 25OHD at birth (>31 ng/mL) was associated with a reduced risk of recurrent wheeze in the first year of life. We then identified a module of co-expressed genes associated with cord blood 25OHD levels >31 ng/mL. Genes in this module are involved in biological and immune pathways related to development and progression of asthma pathogenesis including the Notch1 and transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amal A Al-Garawi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vincent J Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weiliang Qiu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Golisano Children’s Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Papadopoulou C, Omoyinmi E, Standing A, Pain CE, Booth C, D’Arco F, Gilmour K, Buckland M, Eleftheriou D, Brogan PA. Monogenic mimics of Behçet’s disease in the young. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:1227-1238. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Papadopoulou
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - E Omoyinmi
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Standing
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C E Pain
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Booth
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation, Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - F D’Arco
- Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Gilmour
- Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Buckland
- Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Eleftheriou
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology, UCL, UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
| | - P A Brogan
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Nguyen PH, Niesen E, Hallek M. New roles for B cell receptor associated kinases: when the B cell is not the target. Leukemia 2019; 33:576-587. [PMID: 30700840 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of B cell receptor associated kinases (BAKs), such as Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) or phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) delta, by specific inhibitors has revolutionized the therapy of B lymphoid malignancies. BAKs are critical signaling transducers of BCR signaling and seem relevant in B cell lymphoma pathogenesis. The functional relevance of BTK for lymphoid malignancies is strongly supported by the observation that resistance to therapy in CLL patients treated with BTK inhibitors such as ibrutinib is often associated with mutations in genes coding for BTK or Phospholipase-C gamma (PLCɣ). In some contrast, next generation sequencing data show that BAKs are mutated at very low frequency in treatment-naïve B cell lymphomas. Therefore, it remains debatable whether BAKs are essential drivers for lymphoma development. In addition, results obtained by targeted deletion of BAKs such as Lyn and Btk in murine CLL models suggest that BAKs may be essential to shape the dialogue between malignant B cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Since BAKs are expressed in multiple cell types, BAK inhibitors may disrupt the lymphoma supportive microenvironment. This concept also explains the typical response to BAK inhibitor treatment, characterized by a long-lasting increase of peripheral blood lymphoid cells, due to a redistribution from the lymphoid homing compartments. In addition, BAK inhibitors have shown some efficacy in solid tumors, probably through mediator cells in the TME. This review summarizes and validates the evidence for BAK inhibitors being part of a class of agents that modulate the (hematopoietic) microenvironment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong-Hien Nguyen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn; CECAD Center of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emanuel Niesen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn; CECAD Center of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne; Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn; CECAD Center of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Zhang Q, Meng X, Qin G, Xue X, Dang N. Lyn Kinase Promotes the Proliferation of Malignant Melanoma Cells through Inhibition of Apoptosis and Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. J Cancer 2019; 10:1197-1208. [PMID: 30854129 PMCID: PMC6400685 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant tumor of cutaneous melanocytes that is characterized by high grade malignancy, rapid progression and high mortality. Thus far, its specific etiological mechanism has been unclear. In this study, we discovered that Lyn kinase expression was up-regulated in melanoma tissues and cells. The function of Lyn was determined by knocking down its expression with a lentivirus containing Lyn shRNA and upregulating its expression with pcDNA3.1-Lyn in the melanoma cell lines M14 and A375. The results showed that Lyn knockdown could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasiveness through its inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy via the PI3K/Akt pathway in melanoma cell lines. This was further confirmed by treatment with PI3K inhibitor BEZ235. Up-regulation of Lyn promoted the expression of p-Akt and Cyclin D1. Additionally, we investigated the effects of Lyn inhibitor Bafetinib on melanoma cells and the results were consistent with Lyn knockdown. Collectively, our results indicated that Lyn plays a carcinogenic role in multiple cellular functions during melanoma development through regulating apoptosis and autophagy via the PI3K/Akt pathway and may be a valuable potential target for the clinical treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Dermatology, No. 960 Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xianguang Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guojing Qin
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaotong Xue
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ningning Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Gavali S, Gupta MK, Daswani B, Wani MR, Sirdeshmukh R, Khatkhatay MI. LYN, a key mediator in estrogen-dependent suppression of osteoclast differentiation, survival, and function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:547-557. [PMID: 30579930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen insufficiency at menopause cause accelerated bone loss due to unwarranted differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Unraveling the underlying mechanism/s may identify mediators of estrogen action which can be targeted for improved management of osteoporosis. Towards this, we analyzed the effect of 17β-estradiol on the proteomes of differentiating human osteoclasts. The major proteomic changes observed included upregulation of LYN by estrogen. We, therefore, investigated the effect of estrogen on osteoclast differentiation, survival, and function in control and LYN knockdown conditions. In control condition, estrogen treatment increased the apoptosis rate and suppressed the calcium signaling by reducing the intracellular Ca2+ levels as well as expression and activation of NFATc1 and c-Src during differentiation, resulting in reduced osteoclastogenesis. These osteoclasts were smaller in size with reduced extent of multinuclearity and produced significantly low levels of bone resorbing enzymes. They also exhibited disrupted sealing zone formation with low podosome density, impaired cell polarization and reduced resorption of dentine slices. Interestingly, in LYN knockdown condition, estrogen failed to induce apoptosis and inhibit activation of NFATc1 and c-Src. Compared to effect of estrogen on osteoclast in control condition, LYN knockdown osteoclasts did not show reduction in production of bone resorbing enzymes and had defined sealing zone formation with high podosome density with no impairment in cell polarization. They resorbed significant area on dentine slices. Thus, the inhibitory action of estrogen on osteoclast was severely restrained in LYN knockdown condition, demonstrating the importance of LYN as a key mediator of the effect of estrogen on osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Gavali
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru 560066, India; Syngene International Ltd, Bengaluru 560099, India
| | - Bhavna Daswani
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Mohan R Wani
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411007, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - M Ikram Khatkhatay
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai 400012, India.
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71
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Mularski J, Malarz K, Pacholczyk M, Musiol R. The p53 stabilizing agent CP-31398 and multi-kinase inhibitors. Designing, synthesizing and screening of styrylquinazoline series. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:610-625. [PMID: 30562697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Quinazoline derivatives constitute a large family of small-molecule inhibitors of tyrosine kinases. In the current study, the p53 protein reactivator CP-31398 was tested against a panel of kinases on the assumption that it was structurally similar to other active inhibitors. Although it was found to be active in the enzyme-based assay, this compound did not block the proliferation of cancer cells at a feasible concentration level. The styrylquinazoline was used to design new structures that might be potential multitarget inhibitors. Subsequently, a series of compounds was obtained and characterized. Their inhibitory activity in a panel of tyrosine kinases had an antiproliferative effect against several cancer cell lines that have different expression levels of those proteins. The mode of protein interaction was tested for the most active compound in docking experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Mularski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malarz
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Marcin Pacholczyk
- Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Robert Musiol
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland.
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72
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Pallarès V, Hoyos M, Chillón MC, Barragán E, Prieto Conde MI, Llop M, Falgàs A, Céspedes MV, Montesinos P, Nomdedeu JF, Brunet S, Sanz MÁ, González-Díaz M, Sierra J, Mangues R, Casanova I. Focal Adhesion Genes Refine the Intermediate-Risk Cytogenetic Classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110436. [PMID: 30428571 PMCID: PMC6265715 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several attempts have been made to identify novel prognostic markers in patients with intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (IR-AML), to implement risk-adapted strategies. The non-receptor tyrosine kinases are proteins involved in regulation of cell growth, adhesion, migration and apoptosis. They associate with metastatic dissemination in solid tumors and poor prognosis. However, their role in haematological malignancies has been scarcely studied. We hypothesized that PTK2/FAK, PTK2B/PYK2, LYN or SRC could be new prognostic markers in IR-AML. We assessed PTK2, PTK2B, LYN and SRC gene expression in a cohort of 324 patients, adults up to the age of 70, classified in the IR-AML cytogenetic group. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that PTK2B, LYN and PTK2 gene expression are independent prognostic factors in IR-AML patients. PTK2B and LYN identify a patient subgroup with good prognosis within the cohort with non-favorable FLT3/NPM1 combined mutations. In contrast, PTK2 identifies a patient subgroup with poor prognosis within the worst prognosis cohort who display non-favorable FLT3/NPM1 combined mutations and underexpression of PTK2B or LYN. The combined use of these markers can refine the highly heterogeneous intermediate-risk subgroup of AML patients, and allow the development of risk-adapted post-remission chemotherapy protocols to improve their response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Pallarès
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11, 2n pis, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas nº 90, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Hoyos
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11, 2n pis, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas nº 90, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Carmen Chillón
- Servicio de Hematología, IBSAL-Hospital Universitario, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC)-IBMCC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Eva Barragán
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Isabel Prieto Conde
- Servicio de Hematología, IBSAL-Hospital Universitario, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC)-IBMCC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Marta Llop
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Aïda Falgàs
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11, 2n pis, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Virtudes Céspedes
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11, 2n pis, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER en Bioinginiería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pau Montesinos
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Josep F Nomdedeu
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas nº 90, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Salut Brunet
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas nº 90, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Sanz
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Marcos González-Díaz
- Servicio de Hematología, IBSAL-Hospital Universitario, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC)-IBMCC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Jorge Sierra
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Mas Casanovas nº 90, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08021 Barcelona, Spain.
- Hematology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ramon Mangues
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11, 2n pis, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER en Bioinginiería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08021 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Isolda Casanova
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11, 2n pis, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER en Bioinginiería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08021 Barcelona, Spain.
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73
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Pottier C, Kriegsmann M, Alberts D, Smargiasso N, Baiwir D, Mazzucchelli G, Herfs M, Fresnais M, Casadonte R, Delvenne P, Pauw E, Longuespée R. Microproteomic Profiling of High‐Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of the Cervix: Insight into Biological Mechanisms of Dysplasia and New Potential Diagnostic Markers. Proteomics Clin Appl 2018; 13:e1800052. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Pottier
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryGIGA‐ResearchDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
- Department of Medical OncologyUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of pathologyUniversity of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Deborah Alberts
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryGIGA‐ResearchDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Nicolas Smargiasso
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryGIGA‐ResearchDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | | | - Gabriel Mazzucchelli
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryGIGA‐ResearchDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Michael Herfs
- Laboratory of Experimental PathologyGIGA‐CancerDepartment of PathologyUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Margaux Fresnais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacoepidemiologyUniversity of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)‐German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Philippe Delvenne
- Laboratory of Experimental PathologyGIGA‐CancerDepartment of PathologyUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Edwin Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryGIGA‐ResearchDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Rémi Longuespée
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryGIGA‐ResearchDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Liège Liège Belgium
- Institute of pathologyUniversity of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Proteopath GmbH Trier Germany
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74
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Oxidative stress is tightly regulated by cytochrome c phosphorylation and respirasome factors in mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:7955-7960. [PMID: 30018060 PMCID: PMC6077723 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806833115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of mitochondria, the powerhouses of living cells, favors the onset of human diseases, namely neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular pathologies, and cancer. Actually, respiratory cytochrome c has been found to be phosphorylated at tyrosine 97 during the insulin-induced neuroprotection response following a brain ischemic injury. Here, we report that the decrease in neuronal death could be directly ascribed to changes in mitochondrial metabolism—including lower production of reactive oxygen species—and cell homeostasis induced by cytochrome c phosphorylation. Our findings thus provide the basis for understanding the molecular mechanism and potential use of phosphomimetic species of cytochrome c, thereby yielding new opportunities to develop more efficient therapies against acute pathologies. Respiratory cytochrome c has been found to be phosphorylated at tyrosine 97 in the postischemic brain upon neuroprotective insulin treatment, but how such posttranslational modification affects mitochondrial metabolism is unclear. Here, we report the structural features and functional behavior of a phosphomimetic cytochrome c mutant, which was generated by site-specific incorporation at position 97 of p-carboxymethyl-l-phenylalanine using the evolved tRNA synthetase method. We found that the point mutation does not alter the overall folding and heme environment of cytochrome c, but significantly affects the entire oxidative phosphorylation process. In fact, the electron donation rate of the mutant heme protein to cytochrome c oxidase, or complex IV, within respiratory supercomplexes was higher than that of the wild-type species, in agreement with the observed decrease in reactive oxygen species production. Direct contact of cytochrome c with the respiratory supercomplex factor HIGD1A (hypoxia-inducible domain family member 1A) is reported here, with the mutant heme protein exhibiting a lower affinity than the wild-type species. Interestingly, phosphomimetic cytochrome c also exhibited a lower caspase-3 activation activity. Altogether, these findings yield a better understanding of the molecular basis for mitochondrial metabolism in acute diseases, such as brain ischemia, and thus could allow the use of phosphomimetic cytochrome c as a neuroprotector with therapeutic applications.
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75
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Vibsanin A sensitizes human acute myeloid leukemia cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced myeloid differentiation via activation of PKC and upregulation of Lyn. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:110-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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76
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A Pan-cancer Analysis of the Expression and Clinical Relevance of Small Nucleolar RNAs in Human Cancer. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1968-1981. [PMID: 29141226 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) play important roles in tumorigenesis. We systematically investigated the expression landscape and clinical relevance of snoRNAs in >10,000 samples across 31 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We observed overall elevated expression of snoRNAs and their ribonucleoproteins in multiple cancer types. We showed complex regulation of snoRNA expression by their host genes, copy number variation, and DNA methylation. Unsupervised clustering revealed that the snoRNA expression subtype is highly concordant with other molecular/clinical subtypes. We further identified 46 clinically relevant snoRNAs and experimentally demonstrated functional roles of SNORD46 in promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We developed a user-friendly data portal, SNORic, to benefit the research community. Our study highlights the significant roles of snoRNAs in the development and implementation of biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cancer and provides a valuable resource for cancer research.
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77
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Reinhart R, Kaufmann T. IL-4 enhances survival of in vitro-differentiated mouse basophils through transcription-independent signaling downstream of PI3K. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:713. [PMID: 29915306 PMCID: PMC6006176 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a critical cytokine implicated with TH2 immune reactions, which are linked to pathologic conditions of allergic diseases. In that context, the initiation of TH2 responses can critically depend on early basophil-derived IL-4 to activate T-cell responses, which then amplify IL-4 secretion. As a pleiotropic cytokine, IL-4 acts on a broad variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. However, the effect of IL-4 on basophils themselves, which are emerging as relevant players in allergic as well as autoimmune diseases, was only scarcely addressed so far. Here we used in vitro-differentiated mouse basophils to investigate the direct effects of IL-4 on cellular viability and surface expression of the high-affinity receptor for IgE, FcεRI. We observed that IL-4 elicits pronounced pro-survival signaling in basophils, delaying spontaneous apoptosis in vitro to a degree comparable to the known pro-survival effects of IL-3. Our data indicate that IL-4-mediated survival depends on PI3K/AKT signaling and—in contrast to IL-3—seems to be largely independent of transcriptional changes but effectuated by post-translational mechanisms affecting BCL-2 family members among others. Additionally, we found that IL-4 signaling has a stabilizing effect on the surface expression levels of the critical basophil activation receptor FcεRI. In summary, our findings indicate an important regulatory role of IL-4 on in vitro-differentiated mouse basophils enhancing their survival and stabilizing FcεRI receptor expression through PI3K-dependent signaling. A better understanding of the regulation of basophil survival will help to define promising targets and consequently treatment strategies in basophil-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Reinhart
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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78
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Kim YJ, Hong S, Sung M, Park MJ, Jung K, Noh KW, Oh DY, Lee MS, Oh E, Shin YK, Choi YL. LYN expression predicts the response to dasatinib in a subpopulation of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82876-82888. [PMID: 27756880 PMCID: PMC5347739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapies targeting SRC family kinases (SFKs) have shown efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, recent clinical trials have found that the SFK inhibitor dasatinib is ineffective in some patient cohorts. Regardless, dasatinib treatment may benefit some NSCLC patient subgroups. Here, we investigated whether expression of LYN, a member of the SFK family, is associated with patient survival, the efficacy of dasatinib, and/or NSCLC cell viability. LYN expression was associated with poor overall survival in a multivariate analysis, and this association was strongest in non-smoker female patients with adenocarcinoma (ADC). In lung ADC cells, LYN expression enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Dasatinib inhibited LYN activity and decreased cell viability in LYN-positive ADC cell lines and xenografts. Additionally, we identified the SFKs SRC and YES as candidate dasatinib targets in LYN-negative ADC cell lines. Our findings suggest that LYN is a useful prognostic marker and a selective target of dasatinib therapy in the lung ADC subpopulation especially in female non-smokers with lung ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungyoul Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjung Sung
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Jung
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ka-Won Noh
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo-Yi Oh
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Sook Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ensel Oh
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,The Center for Anti-cancer Companion Diagnostics, Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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79
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Dehkhoda F, Lee CMM, Medina J, Brooks AJ. The Growth Hormone Receptor: Mechanism of Receptor Activation, Cell Signaling, and Physiological Aspects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:35. [PMID: 29487568 PMCID: PMC5816795 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth hormone receptor (GHR), although most well known for regulating growth, has many other important biological functions including regulating metabolism and controlling physiological processes related to the hepatobiliary, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems. In addition, growth hormone signaling is an important regulator of aging and plays a significant role in cancer development. Growth hormone activates the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, and recent studies have provided a new understanding of the mechanism of JAK2 activation by growth hormone binding to its receptor. JAK2 activation is required for growth hormone-mediated activation of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5, and the negative regulation of JAK-STAT signaling comprises an important step in the control of this signaling pathway. The GHR also activates the Src family kinase signaling pathway independent of JAK2. This review covers the molecular mechanisms of GHR activation and signal transduction as well as the physiological consequences of growth hormone signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Dehkhoda
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christine M. M. Lee
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Johan Medina
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Brooks
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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80
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Aira LE, Villa E, Colosetti P, Gamas P, Signetti L, Obba S, Proics E, Gautier F, Bailly-Maitre B, Jacquel A, Robert G, Luciano F, Juin PP, Ricci JE, Auberger P, Marchetti S. The oncogenic tyrosine kinase Lyn impairs the pro-apoptotic function of Bim. Oncogene 2018; 37:2122-2136. [PMID: 29391601 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of Ser/Thr residues is a well-established modulating mechanism of the pro-apoptotic function of the BH3-only protein Bim. However, nothing is known about the putative tyrosine phosphorylation of this Bcl-2 family member and its potential impact on Bim function and subsequent Bax/Bak-mediated cytochrome c release and apoptosis. As we have previously shown that the tyrosine kinase Lyn could behave as an anti-apoptotic molecule, we investigated whether this Src family member could directly regulate the pro-apoptotic function of Bim. In the present study, we show that Bim is phosphorylated onto tyrosine residues 92 and 161 by Lyn, which results in an inhibition of its pro-apoptotic function. Mechanistically, we show that Lyn-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of Bim increases its interaction with anti-apoptotic members such as Bcl-xL, therefore limiting mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and subsequent apoptosis. Collectively, our data uncover one molecular mechanism through which the oncogenic tyrosine kinase Lyn negatively regulates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which may contribute to the transformation and/or the chemotherapeutic resistance of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elodie Villa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Emma Proics
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Fabien Gautier
- CRCINA, UMR 1232 INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Santé-Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu - BP 70721, 44007, Nantes Cedex 1, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Bvd J Monod, Site René Gauducheau, 44805, Saint-Herblain, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Philippe P Juin
- CRCINA, UMR 1232 INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Santé-Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu - BP 70721, 44007, Nantes Cedex 1, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Bvd J Monod, Site René Gauducheau, 44805, Saint-Herblain, France
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The interplay of CD150 and CD180 receptor pathways contribute to the pathobiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells by selective inhibition of Akt and MAPK signaling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185940. [PMID: 28982149 PMCID: PMC5628907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface expression of CD150 and CD180 receptors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) associates with mutational IGHV status and favourable prognosis. Here we show a direct correlation between cell surface expression and colocalization of these receptors on CLL B cells. In the absence of CD150 and CD180 on the cell surface both receptors were expressed in the cytoplasm. The CD150 receptor was colocalized with markers of the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and early endosomes. In contrast, CD180 was detected preferentially in early endosomes. Analysis of CD150 isoforms differential expression revealed that regardless of CD150 cell surface expression the mCD150 isoform with two ITSM signaling motifs was a predominant CD150 isoform in CLL B cells. The majority of CLL cases had significantly elevated expression level of the soluble sCD150, moreover CLL B cells secrete this isoform. CD150 or CD180 crosslinking on CLL B cells alone led to activation of Akt, mTORC1, ERK1/2, p38MAPK and JNK1/2 networks. Both CD150 and CD180 target the translation machinery through mTOR independent as well as mTOR dependent pathways. Moreover, both these receptors transmit pro-survival signals via Akt-mediated inhibition of GSK3β and FOXO1/FOXO3a. Unexpectedly, coligation CD150 and CD180 receptors on CLL B cells led to mutual inhibition of the Akt and MAPK pathways. While CD150 and CD180 coligation resulted in reduced phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, c-Jun, RSK, p70S6K, S6RP, and 4E-BP; it led to complete blocking of mTOR and p38MAPK phosphorylation. At the same time coligation of CD150 and CD40 receptors did not result in Akt and MAPK inhibition. This suggests that combination of signals via CD150 and CD180 leads to blocking of pro-survival pathways that may be a restraining factor for neoplastic CLL B cells propagation in more than 50% of CLL cases where these receptors are coexpressed.
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van Ham M, Teich R, Philipsen L, Niemz J, Amsberg N, Wissing J, Nimtz M, Gröbe L, Kliche S, Thiel N, Klawonn F, Hubo M, Jonuleit H, Reichardt P, Müller AJ, Huehn J, Jänsch L. TCR signalling network organization at the immunological synapses of murine regulatory T cells. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:2043-2058. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco van Ham
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - René Teich
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lars Philipsen
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - Jana Niemz
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Nicole Amsberg
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Josef Wissing
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Manfred Nimtz
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lothar Gröbe
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - Nadine Thiel
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
- Department of Computer Science; Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences; Wolfenbuettel Germany
| | - Mario Hubo
- Department of Dermatology; Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Helmut Jonuleit
- Department of Dermatology; Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Peter Reichardt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - Andreas J. Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
- Intravital Microscopy of Infection and Immunity; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
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84
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Röselová P, Obr A, Holoubek A, Grebeňová D, Kuželová K. Adhesion structures in leukemia cells and their regulation by Src family kinases. Cell Adh Migr 2017; 12:286-298. [PMID: 28678601 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2017.1344796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of leukemia blasts with the bone marrow extracellular matrix often results in protection of leukemia cells from chemotherapy and in persistence of the residual disease which is on the basis of subsequent relapses. The adhesion signaling pathways have been extensively studied in adherent cells as well as in mature haematopoietic cells, but the adhesion structures and signaling in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, either normal or malignant, are much less explored. We analyzed the interaction of leukemia cells with fibronectin (FN) using interference reflection microscopy, immunofluorescence, measurement of adherent cell fraction, real-time microimpedance measurement and live cell imaging. We found that leukemia cells form very dynamic adhesion structures similar to early stages of focal adhesions. In contrast to adherent cells, where Src family kinases (SFK) belong to important regulators of focal adhesion dynamics, we observed only minor effects of SFK inhibitor dasatinib on leukemia cell binding to FN. The relatively weak involvement of SFK in adhesion structure regulation might be associated with the lack of cytoskeletal mechanical tension in leukemia cells. On the other hand, active Lyn kinase was found to specifically localize to leukemia cell adhesion structures and a less firm cell attachment to FN was often associated with higher Lyn activity (this unexpectedly occurred also after cell treatment with the inhibitor SKI-1). Lyn thus may be important for signaling from integrin-associated complexes to other processes in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Röselová
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Adam Obr
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Holoubek
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Dana Grebeňová
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kuželová
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
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85
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Yang P, Dong F, Zhou Q. Triptonide acts as a novel potent anti-lymphoma agent with low toxicity mainly through inhibition of proto-oncogene Lyn transcription and suppression of Lyn signal pathway. Toxicol Lett 2017; 278:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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86
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Zhu Z, Shen Q, Zhu L, Wei X. Identification of pivotal genes and pathways for spinal cord injury via bioinformatics analysis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3929-3937. [PMID: 28731189 PMCID: PMC5646972 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify key genes and pathways associated with spinal cord injury (SCI) and subsequently investigate possible therapeutic targets for the condition. The array data of GSE20907 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and 24 gene chips, including 3-day, 4-day, 1-week, 2-week and 1-month post-SCI together with control propriospinal neurons, were used for the analysis. The raw data was normalized and then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the (A) 2-week post-SCI group vs. control group, (B) 1-month post-SCI group vs. control group, (C) 1-month and 2-week post-SCI group vs. control group, and (D) all post-SCI groups vs. all control groups, were analyzed with a limma package. Gene Ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses for DEGs were performed. Cluster analysis was performed using ClusterOne plugins. All the DEGs identified were associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ERBB4) and cytochrome B-245, α polypeptide (CYBA) were in the network diagrams of (A), (C) and (D), respectively. The enrichment analysis of DEGs identified in all samples demonstrated that the DEGs were also enriched in the chemokine signaling pathway (enriched in STAT3) and the high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FcεRI) signaling pathway [enriched in proto-oncogene, src family tyrosine kinase (LYN)]. Immune and inflammatory responses serve significant roles in SCI. STAT3, ERBB4 and CYBA may be key genes associated with SCI at certain stages. Furthermore, STAT3 and LYN may be involved in the development of SCI via the chemokine and FcεRI signaling pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tian You Hospital, Shanghai 200331, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaokang Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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87
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Huhtinen A, Hongisto V, Laiho A, Löyttyniemi E, Pijnenburg D, Scheinin M. Gene expression profiles and signaling mechanisms in α 2B-adrenoceptor-evoked proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2017; 11:65. [PMID: 28659168 PMCID: PMC5490158 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-017-0439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α2-adrenoceptors are important regulators of vascular tone and blood pressure. Regulation of cell proliferation is a less well investigated consequence of α2-adrenoceptor activation. We have previously shown that α2B-adrenoceptor activation stimulates proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This may be important for blood vessel development and plasticity and for the pathology and therapeutics of cardiovascular disorders. The underlying cellular mechanisms have remained mostly unknown. This study explored pathways of regulation of gene expression and intracellular signaling related to α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked VSMC proliferation. RESULTS The cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways of α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked proliferation of VSMCs are complex and include redundancy. Functional enrichment analysis and pathway analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with α2B-adrenoceptor-regulated VSMC proliferation. They included the upregulated genes Egr1, F3, Ptgs2 and Serpine1 and the downregulated genes Cx3cl1, Cav1, Rhoa, Nppb and Prrx1. The most highly upregulated gene, Lypd8, represents a novel finding in the VSMC context. Inhibitor library screening and kinase activity profiling were applied to identify kinases in the involved signaling pathways. Putative upstream kinases identified by two different screens included PKC, Raf-1, Src, the MAP kinases p38 and JNK and the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and HGF/HGFR. As a novel finding, the Src family kinase Lyn was also identified as a putative upstream kinase. CONCLUSIONS α2B-adrenoceptors may mediate their pro-proliferative effects in VSMCs by promoting the activity of bFGF and PDGF and the growth factor receptors EGFR, HGFR and VEGFR-1/2. The Src family kinase Lyn was also identified as a putative upstream kinase. Lyn is known to be expressed in VSMCs and has been identified as an important regulator of GPCR trafficking and GPCR effects on cell proliferation. Identified Ser/Thr kinases included several PKC isoforms and the β-adrenoceptor kinases 1 and 2. Cross-talk between the signaling mechanisms involved in α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked VSMC proliferation thus appears to involve PKC activation, subsequent changes in gene expression, transactivation of EGFR, and modulation of kinase activities and growth factor-mediated signaling. While many of the identified individual signals were relatively small in terms of effect size, many of them were validated by combining pathway analysis and our integrated screening approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Huhtinen
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Hongisto
- Toxicology Division, Misvik Biology Oy, Turku, Finland
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dirk Pijnenburg
- PamGene International BV, Wolvenhoek 10, 5211HH s’Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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88
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Ng XW, Teh C, Korzh V, Wohland T. The Secreted Signaling Protein Wnt3 Is Associated with Membrane Domains In Vivo: A SPIM-FCS Study. Biophys J 2017; 111:418-429. [PMID: 27463143 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt3 is a morphogen that activates the Wnt signaling pathway and regulates a multitude of biological processes ranging from cell proliferation and cell fate specification to differentiation over embryonic induction to neural patterning. Recent studies have shown that the palmitoylation of Wnt3 by Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase, plays a significant role in the intracellular membrane trafficking of Wnt3 and subsequently, its secretion in live zebrafish embryos, where chemical inhibition of Porcupine reduced the membrane-bound and secreted fractions of Wnt3 and eventually led to defective brain development. However, the membrane distribution of Wnt3 in cells remains not fully understood. Here, we determine the membrane organization of functionally active Wnt3-EGFP in cerebellar cells of live transgenic zebrafish embryos and the role of palmitoylation in its organization using single plane illumination microscopy-fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (SPIM-FCS), a multiplexed modality of FCS, which generates maps of molecular dynamics, concentration, and interaction of biomolecules. The FCS diffusion law was applied to SPIM-FCS data to study the subresolution membrane organization of Wnt3. We find that at the plasma membrane in vivo, Wnt3 is associated with cholesterol-dependent domains. This association reduces with increasing concentrations of Porcupine inhibitor (C59), confirming the importance of palmitoylation of Wnt3 for its association with cholesterol-dependent domains. Reduction of membrane cholesterol also results in a decrease of Wnt3 association with cholesterol-dependent domains in live zebrafish. This demonstrates for the first time, to our knowledge, in live vertebrate embryos that Wnt3 is associated with cholesterol-dependent domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wen Ng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Center for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cathleen Teh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vladimir Korzh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Center for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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89
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A DNA methylation map of human cancer at single base-pair resolution. Oncogene 2017; 36:5648-5657. [PMID: 28581523 PMCID: PMC5633654 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although single base-pair resolution DNA methylation landscapes for embryonic and different somatic cell types provided important insights into epigenetic dynamics and cell-type specificity, such comprehensive profiling is incomplete across human cancer types. This prompted us to perform genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of 22 samples derived from normal tissues and associated neoplasms, including primary tumors and cancer cell lines. Unlike their invariant normal counterparts, cancer samples exhibited highly variable CpG methylation levels in a large proportion of the genome, involving progressive changes during tumor evolution. The whole-genome sequencing results from selected samples were replicated in a large cohort of 1112 primary tumors of various cancer types using genome-scale DNA methylation analysis. Specifically, we determined DNA hypermethylation of promoters and enhancers regulating tumor-suppressor genes, with potential cancer-driving effects. DNA hypermethylation events showed evidence of positive selection, mutual exclusivity and tissue specificity, suggesting their active participation in neoplastic transformation. Our data highlight the extensive changes in DNA methylation that occur in cancer onset, progression and dissemination.
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90
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Thaper D, Vahid S, Nip KM, Moskalev I, Shan X, Frees S, Roberts ME, Ketola K, Harder KW, Gregory-Evans C, Bishop JL, Zoubeidi A. Targeting Lyn regulates Snail family shuttling and inhibits metastasis. Oncogene 2017; 36:3964-3975. [PMID: 28288135 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of an invasive phenotype by epithelial cells occurs through a loss of cellular adhesion and polarity, heralding a multistep process that leads to metastatic dissemination. Since its characterization in 1995, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been closely linked to the metastatic process. As a defining aspect of EMT, loss of cell adhesion through downregulation of E-cadherin is carried out by several transcriptional repressors; key among them the SNAI family of transcription factors. Here we identify for the first time that Lyn kinase functions as a key modulator of SNAI family protein localization and stability through control of the Vav-Rac1-PAK1 (Vav-Rac1-p21-activated kinase) pathway. Accordingly, targeting Lyn in vitro reduces EMT and in vivo reduces metastasis of primary tumors. We also demonstrate the clinical relevance of targeting Lyn as a key player controlling EMT; patient samples across many cancers revealed a strong negative correlation between Lyn and E-cadherin, and high Lyn expression in metastatic tumors as well as metastasis-prone primary tumors. This work reveals a novel pancancer mechanism of Lyn-dependent control of EMT and further underscores the role of this kinase in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Thaper
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Vahid
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K M Nip
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - I Moskalev
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - X Shan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Frees
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M E Roberts
- Faculty of Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K Ketola
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K W Harder
- Faculty of Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Gregory-Evans
- Faculty of Medicine, Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J L Bishop
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Zoubeidi
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urologic Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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91
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Borzęcka-Solarz K, Dembińska J, Hromada-Judycka A, Traczyk G, Ciesielska A, Ziemlińska E, Świątkowska A, Kwiatkowska K. Association of Lyn kinase with membrane rafts determines its negative influence on LPS-induced signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1147-1159. [PMID: 28228554 PMCID: PMC5391190 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-09-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and triggers proinflammatory reactions of macrophages. TLR4 signaling is negatively regulated by Lyn tyrosine kinase, provided the kinase accumulates in membrane rafts as a result of palmitoylation, the catalytic activity, and SH2- and SH3-mediated intermolecular interactions. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the component of Gram-negative bacteria that activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to trigger proinflammatory responses. We examined the involvement of Lyn tyrosine kinase in TLR4 signaling of macrophages, distinguishing its catalytic activity and intermolecular interactions. For this, a series of Lyn-GFP constructs bearing point mutations in particular domains of Lyn were overexpressed in RAW264 macrophage-like cells or murine peritoneal macrophages, and their influence on LPS-induced responses was analyzed. Overproduction of wild-type or constitutively active Lyn inhibited production of TNF-α and CCL5/RANTES cytokines and down-regulated the activity of NFκB and IRF3 transcription factors in RAW264 cells. The negative influence of Lyn was nullified by point mutations of Lyn catalytic domain or Src homology 2 (SH2) or SH3 domains or of the cysteine residue that undergoes LPS-induced palmitoylation. Depending on the cell type, overproduction of those mutant forms of Lyn could even up-regulate LPS-induced responses, and this effect was reproduced by silencing of endogenous Lyn expression. Simultaneously, the Lyn mutations blocked its LPS-induced accumulation in the raft fraction of RAW264 cells. These data indicate that palmitoylation, SH2- and SH3-mediated intermolecular interactions, and the catalytic activity of Lyn are required for its accumulation in rafts, thereby determining the negative regulation of TLR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Borzęcka-Solarz
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Justyna Dembińska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Aneta Hromada-Judycka
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Gabriela Traczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Anna Ciesielska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Ewelina Ziemlińska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Anna Świątkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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92
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Wang X, Li Y, Luo D, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhong N, Wu M, Li G. Lyn regulates mucus secretion and MUC5AC via the STAT6 signaling pathway during allergic airway inflammation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42675. [PMID: 28205598 PMCID: PMC5312001 DOI: 10.1038/srep42675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersecretion of mucus is an important component of airway remodeling and contributes to the mucus plugs and airflow obstruction associated with severe asthma phenotypes. Lyn has been shown to down-regulate allergen-induced airway inflammation. However, the role of Lyn in mucin gene expression remains unresolved. In this study, we first demonstrate that Lyn overexpression decreased the mucus hypersecretion and levels of the muc5ac transcript in mice exposed to ovalbumin (OVA). Lyn overexpression also decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the levels of IL-13 and IL-4 in OVA-challenged airways. Whereas Lyn knockdown increased the IL-4 or IL-13-induced MUC5AC transcript and protein levels in the human bronchial epithelial cell line, 16HBE, Lyn overexpression decreased IL-4- or IL-13-induced MUC5AC transcript and protein levels. Overexpression of Lyn also decreased the expression and phosphorylation of STAT6 in OVA-exposed mice, whereas Lyn knockdown increased STAT6 and MUC5AC levels in 16HBE cells. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that Lyn overexpression decreased the binding of STAT6 to the promoter region of Muc5ac in mice exposed to OVA. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that Lyn overexpression ameliorated airway mucus hypersecretion by down-regulating STAT6 and its binding to the MUC5AC promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wang
- Inflammation &Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Li
- The First Clinic College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Deyu Luo
- Inflammation &Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Inflammation &Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Inflammation &Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratories of Respiratory Disease, Ghuangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 501 N Columbia Rd, Grand Forks, ND 58203-9037, USA
| | - Guoping Li
- Inflammation &Allergic Diseases Research Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
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93
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Li R, Fang L, Pu Q, Lin P, Hoggarth A, Huang H, Li X, Li G, Wu M. Lyn prevents aberrant inflammatory responses to Pseudomonas infection in mammalian systems by repressing a SHIP-1-associated signaling cluster. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2016; 1:16032. [PMID: 29263906 PMCID: PMC5661651 DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic Src kinase Lyn has critical roles in host defense in alveolar macrophages against bacterial infection, but the underlying mechanism for Lyn-mediated inflammatory response remains largely elusive. Using mouse Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection models, we observed that Lyn-/- mice manifest severe lung injury and enhanced inflammatory responses, compared with wild-type littermates. We demonstrate that Lyn exerts this immune function through interaction with IL-6 receptor and cytoskeletal protein Ezrin via its SH2 and SH3 domains. Depletion of Lyn results in excessive STAT3 activation, and enhanced the Src homology 2-containing inositol-5-phopsphatase 1 (SHIP-1) expression. Deletion of SHIP-1 in Lyn-/- mice (double knockout) promotes mouse survival and reduces inflammatory responses during P. aeruginosa infection, revealing the rescue of the deadly infectious phenotype in Lyn deficiency. Mechanistically, loss of SHIP-1 reduces NF-κB-dependent cytokine production and dampens MAP kinase activation through a TLR4-independent PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings reveal Lyn as a regulator for host immune response against P. aeruginosa infection through SHIP-1 and IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongpeng Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P.R., China
| | - Lizhu Fang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Qinqin Pu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Austin Hoggarth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.,Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Inflammation and Allergic Disease Research Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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94
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Nguyen PH, Fedorchenko O, Rosen N, Koch M, Barthel R, Winarski T, Florin A, Wunderlich FT, Reinart N, Hallek M. LYN Kinase in the Tumor Microenvironment Is Essential for the Progression of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2016; 30:610-622. [PMID: 27728807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells strictly depends on the support of an appropriate tumor microenvironment. Here, we demonstrate that LYN kinase is essential for CLL progression. Lyn deficiency results in a significantly reduced CLL burden in vivo. Loss of Lyn within leukemic cells reduces B cell receptor (BCR) signaling including BTK phosphorylation, but surprisingly does not affect leukemic cell expansion. Instead, syngeneic CLL transplantation of CLL cells into Lyn- or Btk-deficient recipients results in a strongly delayed leukemic progression and prolonged survival. Moreover, Lyn deficiency in macrophages hinders nursing functions for CLL cells, which is mediated by direct contact rather than secretion of soluble factors. Taken together, LYN and BTK seem essential for the formation of a microenvironment supporting leukemic growth.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation/physiology
- Disease Progression
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/enzymology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Microenvironment
- src-Family Kinases/genetics
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong-Hien Nguyen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Oleg Fedorchenko
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Natascha Rosen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koch
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Romy Barthel
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tomasz Winarski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Reinart
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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95
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Tikhomirova IA, Muravyov AV, Petrochenko EP, Kislov NV, Cheporov SV, Peganova EV. Alteration of red blood cell microrheology by anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747815050153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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96
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Allen JC, Talab F, Slupsky JR. Targeting B-cell receptor signaling in leukemia and lymphoma: how and why? Int J Hematol Oncol 2016; 5:37-53. [PMID: 30302202 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B-lymphocytes are dependent on B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling for the constant maintenance of their physiological function, and in many B-cell malignancies this signaling pathway is prone to aberrant activation. This understanding has led to an ever-increasing interest in the signaling networks activated following ligation of the BCR in both normal and malignant cells, and has been critical in establishing an array of small molecule inhibitors targeting BCR-induced signaling. By dissecting how different malignancies signal through BCR, researchers are contributing to the design of more customized therapeutics which have greater efficacy and lower toxicity than previous therapies. This allows clinicians access to an array of approaches to best treat patients whose malignancies have BCR signaling as a driver of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Allen
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.,Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Fatima Talab
- Redx Oncology Plc, Duncan Building, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Daulby Street, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK.,Redx Oncology Plc, Duncan Building, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Daulby Street, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - Joseph R Slupsky
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.,Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
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97
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Telford N, Alexander S, McGinn OJ, Williams M, Wood KM, Bloor A, Saha V. Myeloproliferative neoplasm with eosinophilia and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma with ETV6-LYN gene fusion. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e412. [PMID: 27058227 PMCID: PMC4855251 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Telford
- Oncology Cytogenetics, The Christie Pathology Partnership, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Alexander
- Children's Cancer Group, Centre for Paediatric, Teenage and Young Adult Cancer, Institute of Cancer, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - O J McGinn
- Children's Cancer Group, Centre for Paediatric, Teenage and Young Adult Cancer, Institute of Cancer, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Williams
- Leukaemia Biology Group, Institute of Cancer, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - K M Wood
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Bloor
- Haematology and Transplant Unit, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - V Saha
- Children's Cancer Group, Centre for Paediatric, Teenage and Young Adult Cancer, Institute of Cancer, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
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98
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Huang R, Fang P, Hao Z, Kay BK. Directed Evolution of a Highly Specific FN3 Monobody to the SH3 Domain of Human Lyn Tyrosine Kinase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145872. [PMID: 26731115 PMCID: PMC4701441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Affinity reagents of high affinity and specificity are very useful for studying the subcellular locations and quantities of individual proteins. To generate high-quality affinity reagents for human Lyn tyrosine kinase, a phage display library of fibronectin type III (FN3) monobodies was affinity selected with a recombinant form of the Lyn SH3 domain. While a highly specific monobody, TA8, was initially isolated, we chose to improve its affinity through directed evolution. A secondary library of 1.2 × 109 variants was constructed and screened by affinity selection, yielding three variants, two of which have affinities of ~ 40 nM, a 130-fold increase over the original TA8 monobody. One of the variants, 2H7, displayed high specificity to the Lyn SH3 domain, as shown by ELISA and probing arrays of 150 SH3 domains. Furthermore, the 2H7 monobody was able to pull down endogenous Lyn from a lysate of Burkitt's lymphoma cells, thereby demonstrating its utility as an affinity reagent for detecting Lyn in a complex biological mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhua Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RH); (BK)
| | - Pete Fang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Zengping Hao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Brian K. Kay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RH); (BK)
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99
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Dai X, Wu Y, Jia X, Chang Y, Wu H, Wang C, Chen H, Chen W, Huang Q, Wei W. hIgD promotes human Burkitt lymphoma Daudi cell proliferation by accelerated G1/S transition via IgD receptor activity. Immunol Res 2016; 64:978-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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100
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Freedman TS, Tan YX, Skrzypczynska KM, Manz BN, Sjaastad FV, Goodridge HS, Lowell CA, Weiss A. LynA regulates an inflammation-sensitive signaling checkpoint in macrophages. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26517880 PMCID: PMC4626889 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clustering of receptors associated with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) initiates the macrophage antimicrobial response. ITAM receptors engage Src-family tyrosine kinases (SFKs) to initiate phagocytosis and macrophage activation. Macrophages also encounter nonpathogenic molecules that cluster receptors weakly and must tune their sensitivity to avoid inappropriate responses. To investigate this response threshold, we compared signaling in the presence and absence of receptor clustering using a small-molecule inhibitor of Csk, which increased SFK activation and produced robust membrane-proximal signaling. Surprisingly, receptor-independent SFK activation led to a downstream signaling blockade associated with rapid degradation of the SFK LynA. Inflammatory priming of macrophages upregulated LynA and promoted receptor-independent signaling. In contrast, clustering the hemi-ITAM receptor Dectin-1 induced signaling that did not require LynA or inflammatory priming. Together, the basal-state signaling checkpoint regulated by LynA expression and degradation and the signaling reorganization initiated by receptor clustering allow cells to discriminate optimally between pathogens and nonpathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya S Freedman
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Ying X Tan
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Katarzyna M Skrzypczynska
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Boryana N Manz
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Frances V Sjaastad
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Helen S Goodridge
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Research Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Arthur Weiss
- Russell/Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Chevy Chase, United States
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