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Chen IH, Ahorsu DK, Pakpour AH, Griffiths MD, Lin CY, Chen CY. Psychometric Properties of Three Simplified Chinese Online-Related Addictive Behavior Instruments Among Mainland Chinese Primary School Students. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:875. [PMID: 33101070 PMCID: PMC7495180 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE There are inadequate screening instruments for assessing specific internet-related addictions among mainland Chinese primary school students. Therefore, the present study validated the psychometric properties of three simplified Chinese online-related addictive behavior instruments among mainland Chinese primary school students. METHOD Fourth to sixth graders (n = 1108; 48.3% males; mean [SD] age = 10.37 years [0.95]) completed the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scales-Short Form (IGDS-SF9), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) in a classroom. The factorial structures and the unidimensionality of the three scales were examined using confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs). Measurement invariance of the three scales was examined using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFAs) across gender. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that the three scales (Cronbach's α = 0.73 to 0.84) had unidimensional structure as supported by satisfactory fit indices (comparative fit index = 0.98 to 1.00). The MGCFA findings indicated that the unidimensional structures of the three scales were invariant across gender. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the three simplified Chinese scales (IGDS-SF9, BSMAS, and SABAS) are valid instruments for assessing online-related addictive behaviors among mainland Chinese primary school students irrespective of their gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hua Chen
- Chinese Academy of Education Big Data, Qufu Normal University, Shandong, China
- School of Education Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ying Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Pan YC, Chiu YC, Lin YH. Systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiology of internet addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:612-622. [PMID: 32853626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of internet addiction has experienced significant debates on conflicting epidemiology. This meta-analysis investigated the prevalence rates of generalized internet addiction (GIA) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). METHODS We included 113 epidemiologic studies covering 693,306 subjects published from 1996 to 2018 (for 31 nations) that reported prevalence rates for GIA or IGD. We examined pooled prevalence of GIA and IGD and the hypothesized moderators including year, geographic regions, types of scales, and sample representativeness. RESULTS All 133 effect sizes included 53,184 subjects with GIA or IGD. Weighted average prevalence for GIA and IGD were 7.02 % (95 % CI, 6.09 %-8.08 %) and 2.47 % (95 % CI, 1.46 %-4.16 %) respectively. For GIA, prevalence was increased over time and prevalence rates variated among different scales. IGD prevalence was neither moderated by year, regions, nor sample representativeness. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of GIA was higher than the prevalence of IGD. The GIA prevalence was increasing over time and variated with different assessments. Our results reveal that GIA may reflect a pattern of increasing human-machine interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chien Pan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chuan Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Al-Ansari A, El Tantawi M, AlMadan N, Nazir M, Gaffar B, Al-Khalifa K, AlBaty A. Internet Addiction, Oral Health Practices, Clinical Outcomes, and Self-Perceived Oral Health in Young Saudi Adults. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:7987356. [PMID: 32848514 PMCID: PMC7439169 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7987356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study assessed the relationship between Internet addiction and oral health practices and clinical outcomes and whether this was affected by oral health perception. In 2017, a cross-sectional study included university students in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires assessed demographic background, oral health practices (consuming sugar, tobacco use, and oral hygiene), perceived oral health, and Internet addiction. Caries experience and gingivitis were assessed using the World Health Organization criteria. The multivariate general linear analysis assessed the relationship between dependent variables (oral health practices, DMFT, and gingivitis) and exposure (Internet addiction). Data were available for 919 participants, 75.4% females, mean age = 19.8 years, and 1.6% with significant Internet use problem. The mean percentage of teeth with gingivitis was 8.5% and mean DMFT was 2.9. Among those with good perception of oral health and compared with participants with significant Internet use problem, average Internet users had lower consumption of sugar and tobacco (B = -6.52, P = 0.03 and B = -2.04, P = 0.03), better oral hygiene practices (B = 2.07, P = 0.33), higher DMFT (B = 2.53, P = 0.10), and lesser gingivitis (B = -15.45, P = 0.06). Internet addiction was associated with negative oral health practices and poor clinical outcomes among young Saudis. Holistic health promotion approaches need to address the negative impact of Internet addiction on health and oral health status for this at-risk age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Al-Ansari
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Muhammad Nazir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalifa Al-Khalifa
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali AlBaty
- Ministry of Health, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Mboya IB, Leyaro BJ, Kongo A, Mkombe C, Kyando E, George J. Internet addiction and associated factors among medical and allied health sciences students in northern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:73. [PMID: 32646491 PMCID: PMC7346421 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Internet addiction is one of the fast-growing addictive behaviors and is a significant public health problem affecting a large number of people worldwide. Excessive use of the internet among university students increases their risk of internet addiction and related negative consequences. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with internet addiction among medical and allied health sciences students in northern Tanzania. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo) from May to June 2018. A total of 500 consenting undergraduate students were sampled using the Simple Random Sampling technique proportional to the size of each class and a self-administered questionnaire used to collect data. Internet addiction was measured using a 20-item internet addiction test (IAT-20). Generalized linear model with Poisson family and log link function was used to estimate prevalence ratio (PR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals for factors associated with internet addiction. Results The prevalence of internet addiction was 31%. Undergraduate students using the internet at the college were less likely to be addicted to internet (PR = 0.45, 95%CI 0.23, 0.86, p = 0.02) compared to those using both at the hostel/home and college. Higher prevalence of internet addiction was among those who used internet for a long time, i.e., 5 h or more per day (PR = 1.84, 95%CI 1.30, 2.63, p = 0.001) and for social networking (PR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.17, 2.31, p = 0.004) compared to those who used for less than 5 h per day and academic purposes, respectively. Conclusions Thirty-one percent of undergraduate students in northern Tanzania were addicted to the internet. Internet addiction was associated with using the internet at the college, a long time using the internet per day, and social networking. The college administration should put effort into improving the accessibility, reliability, and regulation of college internet services to promote learning and academic productivity. We also recommend awareness creation intervention about the harmful consequences of excessive internet use in this population. More studies are needed to determine the burden of mental, psychological, and social problems associated with internet addiction in high-risk populations, and associated consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent B Mboya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania. .,Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania. .,School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa.
| | - Beatrice John Leyaro
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Alberto Kongo
- Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Charles Mkombe
- Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Eliah Kyando
- Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Johnston George
- Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P. O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
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Mamun MA, Hossain MS, Moonajilin MS, Masud MT, Misti JM, Griffiths MD. Does loneliness, self-esteem and psychological distress correlate with problematic internet use? A Bangladeshi survey study. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2020; 12:e12386. [PMID: 32243089 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers have claimed that problematic internet use (PIU) and internet addiction (IA) is a global mental health problem. However, little research has addressed this issue in Bangladesh and no previous study has examined the relationship between PIU and potential psychological risk factors. AIM The present study examined the prevalence of PIU and its associated risk factors including socio-demographic variables, internet use behaviors, and other psychological variables including loneliness, self-esteem, and psychological distress. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among Bangladeshi students (N = 605). Measures included the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire. RESULTS Using a cut-off score of ≤60 (out of 100) on the IAT, the prevalence of PIU was 16.5% (n = 100). Regression analysis showed that sleep disturbance (more or less than 6-7 hours sleeping time), not using internet for academic purposes, and online chatting were risk factors for PIU. Loneliness and psychological distress were positively correlated with PIU, whereas self-esteem was negatively correlated. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights that PIU among Bangladeshi university students is an issue of concern and that targeted prevention is needed among emerging adults to help overcome the potentially negative effects of problematic internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Undergraduate Research Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sharif Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Undergraduate Research Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Sabrina Moonajilin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Tanvir Masud
- Undergraduate Research Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Dietz P, Reichel JL, Edelmann D, Werner AM, Tibubos AN, Schäfer M, Simon P, Letzel S, Pfirrmann D. A Systematic Umbrella Review on the Epidemiology of Modifiable Health Influencing Factors and on Health Promoting Interventions Among University Students. Front Public Health 2020; 8:137. [PMID: 32411645 PMCID: PMC7198755 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Universities represent an important setting for health promotion. The unique collective of university students is of particular relevance since they are the leaders, decision-makers, and parents of tomorrow. In this context, modifiable health influencing factors as well as interventions to prevent these, play a crucial role. Therefore, the present umbrella review aims to (i) provide an overview of review articles addressing epidemiological issues (prevalence and determinants) of modifiable health influencing factors in university students and (ii) to provide an overview of review articles addressing the evidence of interventions to promote/enhance modifiable health influencing factors in university students. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in the databases PubMed, Cochrane Reviews Library und Web of Science according to the PRISMA guidelines. Only systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included. The AMSTAR-2-Tool was used for the quality assessment. Result: The initial search resulted in 10,726 records of which 81 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with a further distinction in articles with an epidemiological focus (n = 39) and in articles with interventional approaches (n = 42). Topics of the different review articles ranged from physical activity over mental health, substance use, sleep, diet and nutrition, and media consumption. Many review articles had a specific focus on medical and nursing students and originated from the U.S.A., U.K., or China. Discussion: This umbrella review provides an overview of review articles on the epidemiology of modifiable health influencing factors and on the evidence of interventions targeting these factors among university students. Thereby, experts as well as stakeholders in the field could gain insights into crucial target points for health promotion. It identifies research gaps in terms of study region and groups of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dietz
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer L. Reichel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dennis Edelmann
- Department Sport Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonia M. Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Nanette Tibubos
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Schäfer
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department Sport Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Letzel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Pfirrmann
- Department Sport Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Egorov AY, Grechanyy SV, Chuprova NA, Soldatkin VA, Yakovlev AN, Ilyuk RD, Nikolishin AE, Ponizovskiy PA, Vantey VB, Gromyko DI, Dolgikh NV, Erofeyeva NA, Pozdnyak VV, Il'ichev AB, Khutoryanskaya JV, Egorov AA, Magomedova EA, Nechayeva AI, Pashkevich NV, Semenova JV, Sidorov AA, Khanykov VV, Kibitov AA, Krupitskiy EM, Shmukler AB, Kibitov AO. [Clinical and psychological features of people with internet dependence: experience of a pilot study]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 120:13-18. [PMID: 32323937 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202012003113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of Internet addiction (IA) is growing steadily, especially among the younger generation. The purpose of this multicenter study was to investigate the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical varieties, and profile of psychopathological symptoms of mental disorders in patients with IA. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 2 groups: the main group consisted of 44 people, aged 16 to 34 years, average age 22.00±0.66 years, 33 (75%) men, 11 (25%) women; the control group included 120 people, aged 19 to 30 years, average age 23.13±0.18 years, 90 (74.3%) men, 30 (26.7%) women. Groups were identified at the testing stage based on the total score on the Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS). The main group included individuals who scored CIAS 65 points or higher. The specially developed Unified Study Card, The Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Beck Depression Questionnaire (BDI), the Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16), the Symptom Checklist-90-Questionnaire Revised (SCL-90-R). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION There were more people with secondary specialized education and unemployed in the main group. The family burden of addiction and psychiatric disorders did not differ in both groups, and the heredity of somatic diseases was lower in the IA group. In the IA group, a psychiatric diagnosis was made 9 times more often. The severity of affective and anxiety disorders was higher in the IA group, while the risk of psychosis was low that allows considering the symptoms of IA outside the framework of subpsychotic mental disorders. The features of the psychopathological symptoms of IA were: total «tension» of the psychopathological profile; a relatively uniform and slightly specific profile of psychopathological symptoms with a certain tendency to the prevalence of personality-related stress manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu Egorov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg, Russia.,Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia.,St. Petersburg University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S V Grechanyy
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - N A Chuprova
- Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A N Yakovlev
- Lipetsk Regional Narcological Dispensary, Lipetsk, Russia
| | - R D Ilyuk
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A E Nikolishin
- Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - P A Ponizovskiy
- Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V B Vantey
- Lipetsk Regional Narcological Dispensary, Lipetsk, Russia
| | - D I Gromyko
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N V Dolgikh
- Lipetsk Regional Narcological Dispensary, Lipetsk, Russia
| | - N A Erofeyeva
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V V Pozdnyak
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - A B Il'ichev
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - J V Khutoryanskaya
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Egorov
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - A I Nechayeva
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N V Pashkevich
- Lipetsk Regional Narcological Dispensary, Lipetsk, Russia
| | - J V Semenova
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Sidorov
- Rostov State Medical University, Rostov, Russia
| | - V V Khanykov
- Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Kibitov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E M Krupitskiy
- Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A B Shmukler
- Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A O Kibitov
- Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
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Kerr B, D'Angelo JD, Diaz-Caballero A, Moreno MA. College Student Problematic Internet Use and Digital Communication Medium Used With Parents: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2020; 3:e17165. [PMID: 32324140 PMCID: PMC7206513 DOI: 10.2196/17165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic internet use (PIU) is associated with mental health concerns such as depression and affects more than 12% of young adults. Few studies have explored potential influences of parent-college student digital communication on college students' risk of PIU. OBJECTIVE This study sought to understand the relationship between parent-college student digital communication frequency via phone calls, text messages, and Facebook contacts and PIU among college students. METHODS Incoming first-year students were randomly selected from registrar lists of a midwestern and northwestern university for a 5-year longitudinal study. Data from interviews conducted in summer 2014 were used. Measures included participants' daily Facebook visits, communication frequency with parents via phone call and text message, and 3 variables related to Facebook connection status and communication: (1) parent-college student Facebook friendship status, (2) college student blocking personal Facebook content from parent, and (3) Facebook communication frequency. PIU risk was assessed using the Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale. Analysis included participants who reported visiting Facebook at least once per day. Multiple linear regression was used, followed by a post hoc mediation with Hayes process macro to further investigate predictive relationships among significant variables. RESULTS A total of 151 participants reported daily Facebook use and were included in analyses. Among these participants, 59.6% (90/151) were female, 62.3% (94/151) were from the midwestern university, and 78.8% (119/151) were white. Mean Facebook visits per day was 4.3 (SD 3.34). There was a collective significant effect between participant daily Facebook visits, college student-parent phone calls, texts, and all 3 Facebook connection variables (F6,144=2.60, P=.02, R2=.10). Phone calls, text messages, and Facebook contacts were not associated with PIU risk. However, two individual items were significant predictors for PIU: participant daily Facebook visits were positively associated with increased PIU risk (b=0.04, P=.006) and being friends with a parent on Facebook was negatively associated with PIU risk (b=-0.66, P=.008). Participant daily Facebook visits were not a significant mediator of the relationship between college student-parent Facebook friendship and PIU risk (b=-0.04; 95% CI -0.11 to 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study did not find support for a relationship between parent-college student digital communication frequency and PIU among college students. Instead, results suggested Facebook friendship may be a protective factor. Future studies should examine how a parent-child Facebook friendship might protect against PIU among children at varying developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Kerr
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jon D D'Angelo
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Megan A Moreno
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Sharma A, Jain M, Nahar VK, Sharma M. Predictors of behaviour change for unhealthy sleep patterns among Indian dental students. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2018-0256/ijamh-2018-0256.xml. [PMID: 32007946 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed at determining predictors of sleep behaviour change among dental students using the multi-theory model (MTM) of health behaviour change in India. METHODS This study was conducted among 535 students of a dental college in India. Predictors of sleep behaviour change were assessed using a validated 30-item questionnaire. Theoretical predictors of sleep behaviour were modelled using multiple linear regression. RESULTS The response rate was 95.10%. A total of 449 of 535 students filled in the form, out of which 127 (28.30%) were inadequate sleepers. Inadequate sleep behaviour showed a strong preponderance within the male population (81.9%). The percentage of inadequate sleepers was highest in second year undergraduates and those obtaining between 60 and 69.9% marks in previous exams. For the initiation model, the standardised regression coefficients (β) for the three constructs - participatory dialogue, behavioural confidence and change in physical environment were 0.050 [p = 0.579, 95% (confidence interval)CI: -0.039 to 0.070], 0.213 (p = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.029-0.320) and 0.062 (p = 0.496, 95% CI: -0.073 to 0.149), respectively. For the sustenance model, β for emotional transformation, practice for change and changes in social environment was 0.192 (p = 0.047, 95% CI: 0.002-0.250), 0.175 (p = 0.091, 95% CI: -0.024 to 0.318) and 0.046 (p = 0.623, 95% CI: -0.094 to 0.157), respectively. CONCLUSION Improving behavioural confidence and bringing about emotional transformation were significant predictors for a reduction in inadequate sleep behaviour in dental students. Working on these predictors may improve sleep behaviours in dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, India
| | - Meena Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, India, Phone: +91 74286 72266
| | - Vinayak K Nahar
- School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson Mississippi, United States of America.,School of Medicine/John D. Bower School of Population Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Behavioral and Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
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Hinojo-Lucena FJ, Aznar-Díaz I, Cáceres-Reche MP, Trujillo-Torres JM, Romero-Rodríguez JM. Problematic Internet Use as a Predictor of Eating Disorders in Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092151. [PMID: 31505749 PMCID: PMC6769899 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Problematic Internet use (PIU) has begun to be linked to the development of certain eating disorders. This uncontrolled use of the Internet is mainly found in the student population. The purposes of this paper were to determine PIU-related eating disorders in students from a systematic review of the literature and to analyze the incidence of PIU in eating disorders through a meta-analysis of the literature. We used two electronic databases (Web of Science and Scopus) from inception to June 2019. The systematic literature review was based on fixed inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 12 studies were identified (systematic review) and 10 studies for meta-analysis, which included 16,520 students. Different eating disorders were associated with PIU: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, food preoccupation, loss of control eating, and dieting. Furthermore, meta-analysis confirmed that PIU is a predictor of eating disorders in students. The groups of students with PIU presented a higher rate in the presence of eating disorders, these differences being significant. Finally, this study showed empirical evidence on the link between PIU and eating disorders. The need for prevention in childhood and adolescence is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inmaculada Aznar-Díaz
- Department of Didactics and School Organization, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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61
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Problematic internet use in Bangladeshi students: The role of socio-demographic factors, depression, anxiety, and stress. Asian J Psychiatr 2019; 44:48-54. [PMID: 31323534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Problematic Internet Use (PIU) has become a concern for public mental health across the globe. However, there are few studies assessing PIU in Bangladesh. The present cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence rate of PIU and its associated risk factors among 405 university students in Bangladesh between June and July 2018. The measures included sociodemographic questions, internet and health-related variables, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The prevalence of PIU was 32.6% among the respondents (cut-off score of ≥50 on the IAT). The prevalence of PIU was higher in males in comparison to females, although the difference was not statistically significant. Internet-related variables and psychiatric comorbidities were positively associated with PIU. From the unadjusted model, more frequent use of the internet and more time spent on the internet were identified as strong predictors of PIU, whereas the adjusted model showed depressive symptoms and stress only as strong predictors of PIU. It is hoped this preliminary study will facilitate further study on PIU along with other psychiatric disorders in Bangladesh.
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62
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Lei H, Cheong CM, Li S, Lu M. The relationship between coping style and Internet addiction among mainland Chinese students: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:831-841. [PMID: 30551332 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The matter of whether different coping styles are correlated with increased Internet addiction or not remains a topic of debate. Most researchers have argued that Internet addiction is linked to low positive coping and high negative coping; however, others have rejected this opinion. Consequently, this meta-analysis examined the link between coping style and Internet addiction to address this controversy. Seventy-seven studies comprising 46,025 Chinese adolescent students were analyzed. The results suggested a medium negative correlation between positive coping and Internet addiction and a medium positive correlation between negative coping and Internet addiction. Furthermore, coping style measures, Internet addiction, region, and gender moderated these links. The link between negative coping and Internet addiction was largest when positive coping was measured with the Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ), smaller when using the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and smallest when using other measures. The negative correlation between positive coping and Internet addiction was largest when Internet addiction was measured with the Internet Addiction Test, smaller when using revised Chinese Internet Addiction Scale, and smallest when using other measures. For both positive and negative coping and Internet addiction, the correlations were largest in Eastern China, smaller in Central China, and smallest in Western China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- Institute of Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Choo Mui Cheong
- Division of Chinese Language & Literature, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Shunyu Li
- Department of education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minghui Lu
- Special Education Department, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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