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von Linstow CU, Hindkjær SM, Nielsen PV, Degn M, Lambertsen KL, Finsen B, Clausen BH. Bone Marrow-Derived IL-1Ra Increases TNF Levels Poststroke. Cells 2021; 10:956. [PMID: 33924148 PMCID: PMC8074385 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) are key players in stroke, a disease in which cell-based therapies have shown great potential. Having shown an infarct-reducing effect of bone marrow (BM) cells, especially cells with high IL-1Ra expression, we here investigated the effect of BM cells on TNF and other stroke-related mediators in mice after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) and in vitro using adult microglial cultures. We analyzed stroke-related genes and inflammatory mediators using qPCR stroke Tier panels, electrochemiluminescence, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We found a significant correlation and cellular colocalization between microglial-derived TNF and IL-1Ra, though IL-1Ra production was TNF independent. BM treatment significantly increased TNF, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-4 levels, while C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1), IL-12p70, and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) decreased, suggesting that BM treatment favors an anti-inflammatory environment. Hierarchical clustering identified Tnf and IL-1rn within the same gene cluster, and subsequent STRING analysis identified TLR2 as a shared receptor. Although IL-1Ra producing BM cells specifically modulated TNF levels, this was TLR2 independent. These results demonstrate BM cells as modulators of poststroke inflammation with beneficial effects on poststroke outcomes and place TNF and IL-1Ra as key players of the defense response after tMCAo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ulrich von Linstow
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Sofie Mozart Hindkjær
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Pernille Vinther Nielsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Matilda Degn
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Kate Lykke Lambertsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bente Finsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
- BRIDGE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bettina Hjelm Clausen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
- BRIDGE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
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Hansen RB, Laursen CCH, Nawaz N, Madsen JS, Nielsen HH, Kruuse C, Møller A, Degn M, Lambertsen KL. Leukocyte TNFR1 and TNFR2 Expression Contributes to the Peripheral Immune Response in Cases with Ischemic Stroke. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040861. [PMID: 33918875 PMCID: PMC8069317 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2 (TNFR1 and TNFR2) have been found in brain parenchyma of stroke patients, and plasma levels are increased in the acute phase of stroke. We evaluated associations between TNFR1 and TNFR2 plasma levels and stroke severity, infarct size, and functional outcome. Furthermore, we examined cellular expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 on leukocyte subpopulations to explore the origin of the increased receptor levels. Blood samples were taken from 33 acute ischemic stroke patients and 10 healthy controls. TNFR1 and TNFR2 plasma concentrations were measured and correlated against the Scandinavian Stroke Scale at admission, infarct volume, and the modified Rankin Scale score three months after stroke onset. Classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes as well as neutrophils were purified, and cellular expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was examined using flow cytometry. TNFR1 and TNFR2 plasma levels were both increased after ischemic stroke, but we found no correlation with patient outcome measurements. Compared to healthy controls, ischemic stroke patients had decreased non-classical monocyte and neutrophil populations expressing TNFR1 and increased neutrophils expressing TNFR2, and decreased non-classical populations co-expressing both TNFR1 and TNFR2. This study supports the hypothesis of an acute immunological response orchestrated by the peripheral immune system following an ischemic stroke. However, the origin of the increased TNFR1 and TNFR2 plasma levels could not be clearly linked to peripheral monocytes or neutrophils. Future studies are needed and will help clarify the potential role as treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke B. Hansen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.B.H.); (C.C.H.L.); (N.N.); (H.H.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Cathrine C. H. Laursen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.B.H.); (C.C.H.L.); (N.N.); (H.H.N.)
- Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Niala Nawaz
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.B.H.); (C.C.H.L.); (N.N.); (H.H.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jonna S. Madsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark;
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle H. Nielsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.B.H.); (C.C.H.L.); (N.N.); (H.H.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Christina Kruuse
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Neurology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Arne Møller
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matilda Degn
- Pediatric Oncology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (K.L.L.); Tel.: +45-6061-0084 (M.D.); +45-6550-3806 (K.L.L.)
| | - Kate L. Lambertsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.B.H.); (C.C.H.L.); (N.N.); (H.H.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- OPEN—Open Patient data Explorative Network, Department of Clinical Research, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (K.L.L.); Tel.: +45-6061-0084 (M.D.); +45-6550-3806 (K.L.L.)
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Yousefi-Manesh H, Dehpour AR, Shirooie S, Bagheri F, Farrokhi V, Mousavi SE, Ricciutelli M, Cappellacci L, López V, Maggi F, Petrelli R. Isofuranodiene, a Natural Sesquiterpene Isolated from Wild Celery ( Smyrnium olusatrum L.), Protects Rats against Acute Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040344. [PMID: 33918587 PMCID: PMC8069533 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The myrrh-like furanosesquiterpene isofuranodiene (IFD) is the main constituent of wild celery (Smyrnium olusatrum L., Apiaceae), an overlooked vegetable that was cultivated during the Roman Empire. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of IFD pre-treatment against oxidative stress and inflammatory response in an animal model of ischemic stroke. IFD was isolated by the crystallization of Smyrnium olusatrum essential oil, and its structure and purity were confirmed by NMR and HPLC analyses. Acute pre-treatment of IFD (10 mg/kg i.p.) significantly reduced the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, the expression of pNF-κB/NF-κB, and the lipid peroxidation indicator MDA. Finally, IFD boosted a faster recovery and better scores in grid-walking and modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) tests. Taken together, these findings indicate IFD as a promising lead compound for the discovery of new treatments of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Yousefi-Manesh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (H.Y.-M.); (A.R.D.); (F.B.); (V.F.); (S.E.M.)
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (H.Y.-M.); (A.R.D.); (F.B.); (V.F.); (S.E.M.)
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Fariba Bagheri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (H.Y.-M.); (A.R.D.); (F.B.); (V.F.); (S.E.M.)
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Vida Farrokhi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (H.Y.-M.); (A.R.D.); (F.B.); (V.F.); (S.E.M.)
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Seyyedeh Elaheh Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (H.Y.-M.); (A.R.D.); (F.B.); (V.F.); (S.E.M.)
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (M.R.); (L.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (M.R.); (L.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (M.R.); (L.C.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (M.R.); (L.C.); (R.P.)
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Ellman DG, Lund MC, Nissen M, Nielsen PS, Sørensen C, Lester EB, Thougaard E, Jørgensen LH, Nedospasov SA, Andersen DC, Stubbe J, Brambilla R, Degn M, Lambertsen KL. Conditional Ablation of Myeloid TNF Improves Functional Outcome and Decreases Lesion Size after Spinal Cord Injury in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:E2407. [PMID: 33153044 PMCID: PMC7692197 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition consisting of an instant primary mechanical injury followed by a secondary injury that progresses for weeks to months. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of SCI. We investigated the effect of myeloid TNF ablation (peripheral myeloid cells (macrophages and neutrophils) and microglia) versus central myeloid TNF ablation (microglia) in a SCI contusion model. We show that TNF ablation in macrophages and neutrophils leads to reduced lesion volume and improved functional outcome after SCI. In contrast, TNF ablation in microglia only or TNF deficiency in all cells had no effect. TNF levels tended to be decreased 3 h post-SCI in mice with peripheral myeloid TNF ablation and was significantly decreased 3 days after SCI. Leukocyte and microglia populations and all other cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IFNγ) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL1) investigated, in addition to TNFR1 and TNFR2, were comparable between genotypes. Analysis of post-SCI signaling cascades demonstrated that the MAPK kinase SAPK/JNK decreased and neuronal Bcl-XL levels increased post-SCI in mice with ablation of TNF in peripheral myeloid cells. These findings demonstrate that peripheral myeloid cell-derived TNF is pathogenic in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Gry Ellman
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Minna Christiansen Lund
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Maiken Nissen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Pernille Sveistrup Nielsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Charlotte Sørensen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Emilie Boye Lester
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Estrid Thougaard
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Louise Helskov Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (L.H.J.); (D.C.A.)
| | - Sergei A. Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences and Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (L.H.J.); (D.C.A.)
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Danish Center for Regenerative Medicine, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jane Stubbe
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Roberta Brambilla
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Matilda Degn
- Pediatric Oncology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Kate Lykke Lambertsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (D.G.E.); (M.C.L.); (M.N.); (P.S.N.); (C.S.); (E.B.L.); (E.T.); (R.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- BRIGDE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
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Kao MH, Wu JS, Cheung WM, Chen JJ, Sun GY, Ong WY, Herr DR, Lin TN. Clinacanthus nutans Mitigates Neuronal Death and Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury: Role of NF-κB-driven IL-1β Transcription. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 23:199-210. [PMID: 33025396 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been shown to exacerbate ischemic brain injury, and is considered as a prime target for the development of stroke therapies. Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) is widely used in traditional medicine for treating insect bites, viral infection and cancer, due largely to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, we reported that an ethanol extract from the leaf of C. nutans could protect the brain against ischemia-triggered neuronal death and infarction. In order to further understand the molecular mechanism(s) for its beneficial effects, two experimental paradigms, namely, in vitro primary cortical neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and in vivo rat middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, were used to dissect the anti-inflammatory effects of C. nutans extract. Using promoter assays, immunofluorescence staining, and loss-of-function (siRNA) approaches, we demonstrated that transient OGD led to marked induction of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα, while pretreatment with C. nutans suppressed production of inflammatory cytokines in primary neurons. C. nutans inhibited IL-1β transcription via preventing NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation, and siRNA knockdown of either p65 or IL-1β mitigated OGD-mediated neuronal death. Correspondingly, post-ischemic treatment of C. nutans attenuated IκBα degradation and decreased IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα production in the ischemic brain. Furthermore, IL-1β siRNA post-ischemic treatment reduced cerebral infarct, thus mimicking the beneficial effects of C. nutans. In summary, our findings demonstrated the ability for C. nutans to suppress NF-κB nuclear translocation and inhibit IL-1β transcription in ischemic models. Results further suggest the possibility for using C. nutans to prevent and treat stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Han Kao
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Sheng Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wai-Mui Cheung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jin-Jer Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Grace Y Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.,Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Teng-Nan Lin
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC.
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