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Zhang J, Zhang T, Tang B, Li J, Zha Z. The miR-187 induced bone reconstruction and healing in a mouse model of osteoporosis, and accelerated osteoblastic differentiation of human multipotent stromal cells by targeting BARX2. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153340. [PMID: 33550149 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to regulate osteogenic differentiation by affecting the Runx2 signaling pathway. The intervention of miRNA can delay the progress of osteoporosis (OP) and induce fracture repair by affecting bone regeneration. However, the function and mechanism of miR-187 in osteoporotic fractures are still unknown. METHODS We first established the OP mouse model. Next, the BMD value was certified by iDXA. The miR-187 level in the OP mice and serum of OP patients was identified through qRT-PCR. Bone repair and bone healing were assessed through toluidine blue staining and X-ray, and BARX2 expression was also confirmed. Osteogenesis-related proteins, ALP activity, and the matrix mineralization state were evaluated by western blot, ALP staining, and Alizarin Red staining in hMSCs after transfection with miR-187 mimics, miR-187 inhibitor, or human BarH-like homeobox 2 (BARX2) siRNA. Moreover, the interplay between miR-187 and BARX2 was identified through the dual-luciferase reporter. RESULTS The BMD value was notably reduced in the OP mice, and miR-187 was markedly downregulated in the OP mice and serum of OP patients. Meanwhile, we proved that miR-187 induced bone reconstruction and healing, and downregulated BARX2 in the OP mouse model. We also proved that BARX2 was a direct target of miR-187, and could be significantly downregulated by miR-187. Furthermore, miR-187 induced osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs by targeting BARX2. CONCLUSIONS The miR-187 might have a significant therapeutic effect in osteoporotic fractures. miR-187 accelerated osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs by directly regulating BARX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China; Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Bensen Tang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Zhengang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China.
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Wang X, Chen T, Deng Z, Gao W, Liang T, Qiu X, Gao B, Wu Z, Qiu J, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Liang Z, Zhou H, Xu C, Liang A, Su P, Peng Y, Huang D. Melatonin promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation and prevents osteoporosis development through modulating circ_0003865 that sponges miR-3653-3p. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:150. [PMID: 33632317 PMCID: PMC7908669 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02224-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the implications of circRNAs in the effects of melatonin (MEL) on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation and osteoporosis (OP) progression. The aim of our study was to investigate circRNAs in MEL-regulated BMSC differentiation and OP progression. Methods BMSC osteogenic differentiation was measured by qRT-PCR, western blot (WB), Alizarin Red, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Differential circRNA and mRNA profiles of BMSCs treated by MEL were characterized by deep sequencing, followed by validation using RT-PCR, Sanger sequencing, and qRT-PCR. Silencing and overexpression of circ_0003865 were conducted for functional investigations. The sponged microRNAs and targeted mRNAs were predicted by bioinformatics and validated by qRT-PCR, RNA pull-down, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The function of miR-3653-3p and circ_0003865/miR-3653-3p/growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) cascade was validated for the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by CCK-8, qRT-PCR, WB, Alizarin Red, and ALP staining. The effects of circ_0003865 on OP development were tested in murine OP model. Results MEL promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. RNA sequencing revealed significant alterations in circRNA and mRNA profiles associated with multiple biological processes and signaling pathways. Circ_0003865 expression in BMSCs was significantly decreased by MEL treatment. Silencing of circ_0003865 had no effect on proliferation while promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Overexpression of circ_0003865 abrogated the promotion of BMSC osteogenic differentiation induced by MEL, but proliferation of BMSCs induced by MEL had no change whether circ_0003865 was overexpression or not. Furthermore, circ_0003865 sponged miR-3653-3p to promote GAS1 expression in BMSCs. BMSC osteogenic differentiation was enhanced by miR-3653-3p overexpression while BMSC proliferation was not affected. By contrast, miR-3653-3p silencing mitigated the promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation caused by circ_0003865 silencing, but had no effect on proliferation. Finally, circ_0003865 silencing repressed OP development in mouse model. Conclusion MEL promotes BMSC osteogenic differentiation and inhibits OP pathogenesis by suppressing the expression of circ_0003865, which regulates GAS1 gene expression via sponging miR-3653-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.,Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Taiqiu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zhihuai Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Tongzhou Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xianjian Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zizhao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jincheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yanbo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zhancheng Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Caixia Xu
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anjing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, #107 West Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
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Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. Fruits Exert Antiosteoporotic Properties in Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Regulation of Adipocyte and Osteoblast Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8851884. [PMID: 33628272 PMCID: PMC7899768 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8851884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligustrum japonicum fruits have been used as a part of traditional medicinal practices and supplements in Korea and Japan. It has been reported to possess various bioactivities, but its antiosteoporotic potential and active substances have not been reported yet. The present study followed an ALP activity and lipid accumulation-guided screening of L. japonicum fruits for antiosteoporotic compounds and isolated salidroside as an active compound. Antiosteoporotic effects of L. japonicum fruits and salidroside were examined in mesenchymal stromal cells by their ability to enhance osteoblast formation by increased ALP activity and osteogenic marker gene expression while suppressing adipogenesis by inhibition of lipid accumulation and adipocyte marker gene expressions. Results showed that salidroside was able to enhance osteoblast differentiation via Wnt/BMP signaling pathway overactivation and suppress the PPARγ-mediated adipocyte differentiation, both through the MAPK pathway. In conclusion, L. japonicum fruits were suggested to possess antiosteoporotic activities and to be a source of antiosteoporotic substances such as salidroside.
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Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentially Affect Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion: A 2D-DIGE Proteomic Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4952876. [PMID: 33628783 PMCID: PMC7892224 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4952876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) display high tumor tropism and cause indirect effects through the cytokines they secrete. However, the effects of BM-MSCs on the biological behaviors of glioblastoma multiforme remain unclear. In this study, the conditioned medium from BM-MSCs significantly inhibited the proliferation of C6 cells (P < 0.05) but promoted their migration and invasion (P < 0.05). Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) proteomic analysis revealed 17 proteins differentially expressed in C6 cells exposed to the BM-MSC-conditioned medium including five upregulated proteins and 12 downregulated proteins. Among these, six differentially expressed proteins (Calr, Set, Oat, Npm1, Ddah1, and Tardbp) were closely related to cell proliferation and differentiation, and nine proteins (Pdia6, Sphk1, Anxa4, Vim, Tuba1c, Actr1b, Actn4, Rap2c, and Tpm2) were associated with motility and the cytoskeleton, which may modulate the invasion and migration of tumor cells. Above all, by identifying the differentially expressed proteins using proteomics and bioinformatics analysis, BM-MSCs could be genetically modified to specifically express tumor-suppressive factors when BM-MSCs are to be used as tumor-selective targeting carriers in the future.
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55
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Jiang Q, Lei YH, Krishnadath DC, Zhu BY, Zhou XW. Curcumin regulates EZH2/Wnt/β-Catenin pathway in the mandible and femur of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:513-519. [PMID: 33501725 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) behaves in different manners in different parts of the skeleton. This study aims to investigate the effects of curcumin on bone mass of the mandibular and femur from ovariectomized OP rats and to validate whether enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)/Wnt/β-Catenin pathway is involved in this process. Curcumin was administered intragastrically into ovariectomized rats for 12 weeks. The bone parameters and the morphology of the trabecular bone of the left mandible and left femur were assessed by micro-computed tomography assay. Morphological changes of the left mandible and left femur were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The mRNA levels of EZH2, β-Catenin, and Runx2 in the right mandible and right femur were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess EZH2 expression. Both the mandible and femur exhibited OP-like changes in ovariectomized rats, while the mandible bone resorption was less than the femur bone resorption. Curcumin intragastric administration improved bone microstructure and promoted bone formation in the mandible and femur. Curcumin inhibited EZH2 mRNA level and induced that of β-Catenin and Runx2 in the mandible and femur. Collectively, curcumin exerts protective effects against OP, possibly by regulating the EZH2/Wnt/β-Catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong-Hua Lei
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dewi Chrystal Krishnadath
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing-Yu Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Adipocyte-induced transdifferentiation of osteoblasts and its potential role in age-related bone loss. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245014. [PMID: 33497412 PMCID: PMC7837466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our preliminary findings have lead us to propose bone marrow adipocyte secretions as new contributors to bone loss. Indeed, using a coculture model based on human bone marrow stromal cells, we previously showed that soluble factors secreted by adipocytes induced the conversion of osteoblasts towards an adipocyte-like phenotype. In this study, microarray gene expression profiling showed profound transcriptomic changes in osteoblasts following coculture and confirmed the enrichment of the adipocyte gene signature. Double immunofluorescence microscopic analyses demonstrated the coexpression of adipogenic and osteoblastic specific markers in individual cells, providing evidence for a transdifferentiation event. At the molecular level, this conversion was associated with upregulated expression levels of reprogramming genes and a decrease in the DNA methylation level. In line with these in vitro results, preliminary immunohistochemical analysis of bone sections revealed adipogenic marker expression in osteoblasts from elderly subjects. Altogether, these data suggest that osteoblast transdifferentiation could contribute to decreased bone mass upon ageing.
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57
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Agas D, Sabbieti MG. Archetypal autophagic players through new lenses for bone marrow stem/mature cells regulation. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6101-6114. [PMID: 33492700 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow landscape consists of specialized and stem/progenitor cells, which coordinate important tissue-related and systemic physiological features. Within the marrow cavity, stem/progenitor and differentiated hematopoietic and skeletal cells congregate into dynamic functional assemblies throughout specific anatomical regions, termed niches. There is a need for better understanding of the bone marrow microareas, through exploration of the intramural physical and molecular interactions of the distinctive cell populations. The elective liaisons established among the mesenchymal/stromal stem cell and hematopoietic stem cell lineage trees play a key role in orchestrating the stem/mature cell behavior and customized hierarchies within bone marrow cell populations. Recently, the autophagic apparatus has been discovered to be an important feature of bone marrow homeostasis. Autophagy-related factors involved in the labyrinthic and highly dynamic bone marrow workshop redesign the niche framework by coordinating the operational schedule of pluripotent stem and mature cells. The following report summarizes the most recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the intramural relationships between bone marrow cells and key autophagic mediators. Doubtless, the consideration of the autophagy-related and unrelated functions of main players, such as p62, Atg7, Atg5, and Beclin-1 remains a compelling task to thoroughly understand the complex relations between the heterogenic cell types that populate bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Agas
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Sabbieti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Macerata, Italy
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58
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Ai L, Yi W, Chen L, Wang H, Huang Q. Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao protects osteoporosis through promoting osteoblast differentiation by targeting miR-100-5p/KDM6B/RUNX2 axis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:3-9. [PMID: 33398630 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weimin Yi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Liudan Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Qihui Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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Low Levels of Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Bone Metastasis Formation in Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123832. [PMID: 33333962 PMCID: PMC7765404 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated various biochemical, clinical, and histological factors associated with bone metastases in a large cohort of pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Two hundred and sixty-one consecutive women with breast cancer were included in this study. Breast adipose tissue specimens were collected during surgery. After having established the fatty acid profile of breast adipose tissue by gas chromatography, we determined whether there were differences associated with the occurrence of bone metastases in these patients. Regarding the clinical and histological criteria, a majority of the patients with bone metastases (around 70%) had tumors with a luminal phenotype and 59% of them showed axillary lymph node involvement. Moreover, we found a negative association between the levels of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in breast adipose tissue and the development of bone metastases in premenopausal women. No significant association was observed in postmenopausal women. In addition to a luminal phenotype and axillary lymph node involvement, low levels of n-3 LC-PUFA in breast adipose tissue may constitute a risk factor that contributes to breast cancer bone metastases formation in premenopausal women.
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Kangari P, Talaei-Khozani T, Razeghian-Jahromi I, Razmkhah M. Mesenchymal stem cells: amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:492. [PMID: 33225992 PMCID: PMC7681994 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal disorders are among the leading debilitating factors affecting millions of people worldwide. The use of stem cells for tissue repair has raised many promises in various medical fields, including skeletal disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with mesodermal and neural crest origin. These cells are one of the most attractive candidates in regenerative medicine, and their use could be helpful in repairing and regeneration of skeletal disorders through several mechanisms including homing, angiogenesis, differentiation, and response to inflammatory condition. The most widely studied sources of MSCs are bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue, muscle, umbilical cord (UC), umbilical cord blood (UCB), placenta (PL), Wharton's jelly (WJ), and amniotic fluid. These cells are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and myocytes in vitro. MSCs obtained from various sources have diverse capabilities of secreting many different cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines. It is believed that the salutary effects of MSCs from different sources are not alike in terms of repairing or reformation of injured skeletal tissues. Accordingly, differential identification of MSCs' secretome enables us to make optimal choices in skeletal disorders considering various sources. This review discusses and compares the therapeutic abilities of MSCs from different sources for bone and cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Kangari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Wang Z, Wang D, Liu Y, Liu D, Ren Y, Liu Z, Yu B, Hao M, Xie J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Mice Uterine and Its Therapeutic Effect on Osteoporosis. Rejuvenation Res 2020; 24:139-150. [PMID: 32567490 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a silent disease caused by low bone mineral density and is complicated by fractures. This study was designed to examine the differentiation of uterine stem cell-derived osteoprogenitor cells (UOPCs) both in vitro and in vivo, assessing their effectiveness in treating osteoporosis. CD271+/CD45- UOPCs were isolated from the endometrial tissue of inbred Balb/c mice through magnetic activated cell sorting. Stem cell differentiation assays were used for CD271+/CD45- UOPCs in vitro. In vivo, the UOPCs were implanted into mouse osteoporosis models through tail-vein injection for 8 weeks. Osteogenic differentiation was examined by X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-labeled UOPCs, obtained from C57BL/6-Tg (ACTb-EGFP) 1Osb/J mice, were used to assess cell survival in the osteoporosis model. The levels of osteogenic markers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In vitro, UOPCs were able to form into typical spheres and various differentiations. In vivo, implantation of UOPCs into osteoporosis model significantly increased bone mineral densities and bone microstructure parameters. The levels of a biochemical marker of bone metabolism, Semaphorin-3A, increased significantly. However, levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand decreased. Immunofluorescence staining of osteoporosis mice injected with green fluorescent protein+ UOPCs showed their survival for up to 7 days. In conclusion, stem cells with osteogenic differentiation potential can be isolated from uterine or endometrial tissue. These UOPCs can stably proliferate and differentiate in vitro or in vivo, which can inhibit bone resorption and osteoclast marker expression. In vivo, UOPCs significantly improved reduction in bone density caused by reduced estrogen levels. Such cell transplantation approach is potentially useful in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Denggao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yakun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yixiong Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanxi Povince People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baofeng Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Min Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Zhang L, Xie H, Li S. LncRNA LOXL1-AS1 controls osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in postmenopausal osteoporosis through regulating the miR-196a-5p/Hmga2 axis. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:794-805. [PMID: 32651705 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-020-01123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exploring molecular mechanisms of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) differentiation, a crucial step for bone formation, is a new direction for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis. LncRNAs are involved in lots of biological processes including hBMMSCs differentiation. The present study aimed to explore the effect of LOXL1-AS1 on hBMMSCs differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the expression levels of LOXL1-AS1, miR-196a-5p and Hmga2 in peripheral blood from postmenopausal osteoporosis patients by RT-qPCR, and detected their changes during the osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs by RT-qPCR. RT-qPCR and western blot measured the level of biomarkers of bone formation and osteogenic differentiation (osteopontin, OPN; Alkaline phosphatase, ALP; Runt-related transcription factor-2, Runx-2). The effects of LOXL1-AS1 on the osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation of hBMMSCs were, respectively, determined by ALP, ARS staining assays and oil red O staining assay. RESULTS The abnormal high expression of LOXL1-AS1 was found in patients. LOXL1-AS1 expression showed a gradual decrease during the osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs. However, LOXL1-AS1 overexpression inhibited the hBMMSCs osteogenic differentiation but promoted adipocytic differentiation. Furthermore, LOXL1-AS1 was identified to be a sponge of miR-196a-5p and Hmga2 as a target gene of miR-196a-5p. Besides, LOXL1-AS1 sponged miR-196a-5p to mediate Hmga2 expression, which played contrary effects on regulating osteogenic and adipocytic differentiation of hBMMSCs. Moreover, LOXL1-AS1/miR-196a-5p/Hmga2 axis regulated hBMMSCs differentiation through controlling C/EBPβ-mediated PPARγ expression. CONCLUSION These findings facilitate understanding the molecular mechanism of hBMMSCs differentiation and bring up a novel sight for postmenopausal osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou City, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Haiqin Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen City, 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Healthcare Office, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou City, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
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Ahmed RY, Elsherbini AM, Elkhier MTA, Soussa EF. A comparison of the early therapeutic effects of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and calcitonin on the healing of surgically induced mandibular bone defects in osteoporotic rats. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 120:104934. [PMID: 33091660 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate and compare the early biological effects of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) versus salmon calcitonin (SC) on healing of surgically induced mandibular bone defects in osteoporotic rats. METHODS Sixty-one female albino rats were included in this study, four of them were used for BMSCs isolation. The remaining 57 rats were divided into 4 groups. Group I (negative control), 12 rats received a vehicle injection after which a unilateral mandibular defect was created in each rat. Osteoporosis was induced in the remaining 45 rats then rats were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups (15 each). Surgical defects were created as in group I. The defects were left to heal spontaneously in group II; positive control. While in group III each defect was filled with an absorbable hemostatic gelatin sponge loaded by 10 IU of injectable SC and in group IV the sponge was seeded by 0.5 × 106 BMSCs. Rats were euthanized at 1st, 2nd, and 4th week postsurgically. Hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, picrosirius, and alizarin red s stains were used, followed by statistical analysis. RESULTS BMSCs-treatment showed marked enhanced bone healing. Moreover, collagen fibers and calcium deposits area percentages were statistically significantly higher when compared to the other groups particularly at 2 and 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Local application of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and salmon calcitonin may be an effective therapy for treatment of osteoporotic bone defects, with privilege to the stem cells in terms of quantity and quality of regenerated bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Y Ahmed
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amira M Elsherbini
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mazen Th Abou Elkhier
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Essam F Soussa
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Xiang J, Fu HQ, Xu Z, Fan WJ, Liu F, Chen B. lncRNA SNHG1 attenuates osteogenic differentiation via the miR‑101/DKK1 axis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3715-3722. [PMID: 32901867 PMCID: PMC7533455 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance induced by inhibition of bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation results in osteoporosis (OP); however, the underlying regulatory mechanism is not completely understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve crucial roles in osteogenic differentiation; therefore, investigating their regulatory role in the process of osteogenic differentiation may identify a promising therapeutic target for OP. The expression of small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1), Dickkopf 1 (DKK1), microRNA (miR)-101, RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalin (OCN) were detected via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The protein expression levels of DKK1, β-catenin, RUNX2, OPN, OCN, osterix and collagen type I α1 chain were analyzed by performing western blotting. The osteoblastic phenotype was assessed by conducting alkaline phosphatase activity detection and Alizarin Red staining. The interaction between SNHG1 and miR-101 was validated by bioinformatics and luciferase assays. The regulatory role of SNHG1 in BMSC osteogenic differentiation was assessed. SNHG1 expression was downregulated in a time-dependent manner during the process of osteogenic differentiation. SNHG1 overexpression inhibited osteogenic differentiation compared with the pcDNA group. The results indicated that SNHG1 and DKK1 directly interacted with miR-101. Moreover, SNHG1 regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit osteogenic differentiation via the miR-101/DKK1 axis. The present study indicated that lncRNA SNHG1 could attenuate BMSC osteogenic differentiation via the miR-101/DKK1 axis as a competitive endogenous RNA. Therefore, the present study furthered the current understanding of the potential mechanism underlying lncRNAs in in osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qing Fu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhun Xu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jie Fan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Tian XG, Gong FF, Li X, Meng FH, Zhou Z, Zhang HZ. Inflammation-mediated age-dependent effects of casein kinase 2-interacting protein-1 on osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:1935-1942. [PMID: 32826457 PMCID: PMC7462218 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The casein kinase 2-interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) is important in the development of osteoblasts and cardiomyocytes. However, the effects of CKIP-1 on osteoblast precursor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether CKIP-1 affects osteogenic differentiation in MSCs and explore the relationship of CKIP-1 and inflammation. METHODS Bone marrow MSCs of CKIP-1 wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice were cultivated in vitro. Cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry, colony formation was detected to study the proliferative ability. Osteogenic and adipogenic induction were performed. The osteogenic ability was explored by alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and ALP activity detection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to determine the mRNA expression levels of osteoblast marker genes. The adipogenic ability was detected by oil red O staining. Content of the bone was analyzed to observe the differences of bone imaging parameters including trabecular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), bone surface area fraction/trabecular BV, trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular spacing (Tb.sp). Interleukin (IL)-1β was injected on WT mice of 2 months old and 18 months old, respectively. Difference in CKIP-1 expression was detected by RT-PCR and western blot. The relationship between CKIP-1 and inflammation was explored by RT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS ALP assays, alizarin red staining, and qRT-PCR showed that MSCs derived from CKIP-1 KO mice exhibited a stronger capability for osteogenesis. Micro-computed tomography detection showed that among 18-month-old mice, CKIP-1 KO mice presented significantly higher bone mass compared with WT mice (P = 0.02). No significant difference was observed in 2-month-old mice. In vivo data showed that expression of CKIP-1 was higher in the bone marrow of aging mice than in young mice (4.3-fold increase at the mRNA level, P = 0.04). Finally, the expression levels of CKIP-1 in bone marrow (3.2-fold increase at the mRNA level, P = 0.03) and cultured MSCs were up-regulated on chronic inflammatory stimulation by IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS CKIP-1 is responsible for negative regulation of MSC osteogenesis with age-dependent effects. Increasing levels of inflammation with aging may be the primary factor responsible for higher expression levels of CKIP-1 but may not necessarily affect MSC aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Guang Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Stomatology, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Fei-Fei Gong
- Department of Stomatology, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Fan-Hao Meng
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hai-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Wang Z, Yang T, Liu S, Chen Y. Effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on ovarian and testicular function in aging Sprague-Dawley rats induced by D-galactose. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2340-2350. [PMID: 32816601 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1806434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on ovarian and testicular function of aging Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and try to clarify the underlying functional mechanism. Adherent culture was used to isolate and purify rat MSCs. The status, proliferation and differentiation of MSCs were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining, MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry and directional differentiation. The aging rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-gal, and the homing of MSCs was detected by fluorescence microscope after infusion of GFP-labeled MSCs through caudal vein. ELISA was used to detect the content of sex hormone in serum, and HE staining was used to observe the structure and morphology of testis and ovary. The isolated and purified MSCs were in good condition, and most of the cells were in G1 phase, which had strong abilities of cell proliferation, colony formation and differentiation. After GFP-labeled MSCs were infused, MSCs could be homed into the testis and ovary of rats. MSCs infusion could significantly improve the morphology of testis and ovary, increase the contents of P and E2 while decrease the contents of LH and FSH in female rats, and increase the content of testosterone in male rats (P < 0.01). It also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum of ovary and testis and significantly decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). MSCs affected the content of MDA and the activity of SOD by reducing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16) and increasing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), consequently improving the aging and injury of reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University; Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital , Fuzhou, China
| | - Tong Yang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University; Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital , Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University; Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital , Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University; Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Hospital , Fuzhou, China
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Wong CC, Liao JH, Sheu SY, Lin PY, Chen CH, Kuo TF. Novel transplant of combined platelet-rich fibrin Releasate and bone marrow stem cells prevent bone loss in Ovariectomized osteoporotic mice. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:527. [PMID: 32770974 PMCID: PMC7415181 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by deterioration in the quantity and quality of bone tissue, with a consequent increase susceptibility to fracture. METHODS In this study, we sought to determine the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin releasates (PRFr) in augmenting the therapeutic effects of stem cell-based therapy in treating osteoporotic bone disorder. An osteoporosis mouse model was established through bilateral ovariectomy on 12-week-old female ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice. Eight weeks postoperatively, the ovariectomized (OVX) mice were left untreated (control) or injected with PRFr, bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), or the combination of BMSCs and PRFr. Two different injection (single versus quadruple) dosages were tested to investigate the accumulative effects of BMSCS and PRFr on bone quality. Eight weeks after injection, the changes in tibial microstructural profiles included the percentage of bone volume versus total tissue volume (BV/TV, %), bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm3), trabecular number (Tb.N, number/mm), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, mm) and bony histology were analyzed. RESULTS Postmenopausal osteoporosis model was successfully established in OVX mice, evidenced by reduced BMD, decreased BV/TV, lower Tb.N but increased Tb.Sp. Eight weeks after injection, there was no significant change to BMD and bone trabeculae could be detected in mice that received single-injection regimen. In contrast, in mice which received 4 doses of combined PRFr and BMSCs, the BMD, BV/TV, and TB.N increased, and the TB.Sp decreased significantly compared to untreated OVX mice. Moreover, the histological analysis showed the trabecular spacing become narrower in OVX-mice treated with quadruple injection of BMSCs and combined PRFr and BMSCs than untreated control. CONCLUSION The systemic administration of combined BMSCs and PRFr protected against OVX-induced bone mass loss in mice. Moreover, the improvement of bony profile scores in quadruple-injection group is better than the single-injection group, probably through the increase in effect size of cells and growth factors. Our data also revealed the combination therapy of BMSCs and PRFr has better effect in enhancing osteogenesis, which may provide insight for the development of a novel therapeutic strategy in osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chean Wong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Research Center of Biomedical Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Non-invasive Cancer Therapy Research Institute of Taiwan, Taipei, 10489, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hao Liao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan. .,Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yu Lin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hwa Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Research Center of Biomedical Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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Lin H, Liu T, Li X, Gao X, Wu T, Li P. The role of gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide in functional impairment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in osteoporosis disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1009. [PMID: 32953809 PMCID: PMC7475507 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent metabolic bone disease characterized by bone loss and structural deterioration, which increases the risk of fracture especially in older people. Recent research has shown that gut microbes play an important role in OP. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases, including Alzheimer’s and cerebrovascular disease. This study aimed to examine the effect of TMAO in OP. Methods In this study, we firstly investigated the relationship between TMAO and OP. Serum samples were collected from patients with OP (n=10), and healthy participants (n=10), and the TMAO level in the serum was detected by ELISA assay. Then, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with TMAO, and we observed its effect on adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and inflammatory cytokine[interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] levels. Finally, we illustrated the underlying mechanism through which TMAO influenced BMSCs functions. Results Compared to the healthy group, highly significant TMAO levels were observed in the serum of the OP patients. When studied in vitro, TMAO treatment significantly promoted BMSCs adipogenesis and attenuated osteogenesis, increased ROS release and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production, and inhibited cell proliferation. Furthermore, we found that activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway was necessary for TMAO to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine production, ROS release, and adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Conclusions Elevated TMAO levels have a strong negative correlation with the degree of bone mineral density (BMD) in OP. TMAO regulates BMSCs cell function by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, which affects the balance of bone metabolism, leading to acceleration of bone loss and further progression of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tingrui Wu
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Chondroitin Sulfate Prevents STZ Induced Diabetic Osteoporosis through Decreasing Blood Glucose, AntiOxidative Stress, Anti-Inflammation and OPG/RANKL Expression Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155303. [PMID: 32722636 PMCID: PMC7432814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoarthritic and hypoglycemic effects. However, whether it has antidiabetic osteoporosis effects has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, we established a STZ-induced diabetic rat model; CS (500 mg kg−1 d−1) was orally administrated for eight weeks to study its preventive effects on diabetic osteoporosis. The results showed that eight weeks of CS treatment improved the symptoms of diabetes; the CS-treated group has increased body weight, decreased water or food intake, decreased blood glucose, increased bone-mineral density, repaired bone morphology and decreased femoral osteoclasts and tibia adipocytes numbers. After CS treatment, bone histomorphometric parameters returned to normal, the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) decreased significantly, serum SOD, GPX and CAT activities increased and MDA level increased. In the CS-treated group, the levels of serum ALP, CTX-1, TRACP 5b, osteocalcin and RANKL decreased and the serum RUNX 2 and OPG levels increased. Bone immunohistochemistry results showed that CS can effectively increase the expression of OPG and RUNX2 and reduce the expression of RANKL in diabetic rats. All of these indicate that CS could prevent STZ induced diabetic osteoporosis—mainly through decreasing blood glucose, antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation and regulation of OPG/RANKL expression. CS can therefore effectively prevent bone loss caused by diabetes.
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Su C, Tao D, Ren L, Guo S, Zhou W, Wu H, Jiang H. The effective role of sodium copper chlorophyllin on the dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in multiple myeloma via regulating TGF-β1. Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101406. [PMID: 32835939 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) is impaired in multiple myeloma (MM). We investigated the effects of sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC) on osteoblast differentiation ability of BMSCs from MM. METHODS Clinical bone marrow samples were collected. Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) was used to identify surface markers of BMSCs. BMSCs were treated with different concentrations of SCC and cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Relative mRNA and protein expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), SMAD2/3, osteogenic differentiation indicators (RUNX2 and OCN) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was stained for activity detection. Formation of calcium nodus of BMSCs was examined by Alizarin Red S staining. RESULTS CD90 and CD105 were high-expressed, but CD34 and CD45 were not expressed in BMSCs. BMSCs in MM group showed a lower expression of TGF-β1 and a lower degree of osteogenic differentiation. SCC enhanced activities of BMSCs, ALP activity, and formation of calcium nodus, activated TGF-β1, SMAD2/3 pathway and increased RUNX2 and OCN expressions in BMSCs. Silencing TGF-β1 reversed the effects of SCC on BMSCs in MM. CONCLUSION SCC could effectively improve the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in MM through regulating TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyong Su
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Diehong Tao
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Shuping Guo
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Wenfei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Haiying Wu
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310012, China.
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Abstract
Presently, no vaccines or treatment options are available for CHIKV infection. Joint pain is one of the major concerns. Although studies have shown an association between bone pathology and infection, the molecular pathogenesis in the context of bone pathology is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that BMSCs and BMSC-derived osteogenic cells are susceptible to CHIKV infection, and that infection likely alters the function of osteogenic cells. This study highlights altered osteogenic differentiation as a possible mechanism for causing the bone pathology observed in CHIKV pathogenesis. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus spread by the Aedes species of mosquito. Chikungunya virus causes a condition characterized by high fever, headache, rash, and joint pain. Recent investigations reveal the presence of bone lesions and erosive arthritis in the joints of CHIKV-infected patients, indicating an association of bone pathology with CHIKV infection. However, the molecular mechanism underlying CHIKV-induced bone pathology remains poorly defined. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) contribute to bone homeostasis by differentiating into osteogenic cells which later mature to form the bone. Disruption of osteogenic differentiation and function of BMSCs leads to bone pathologies. Studies show that virus infections can alter the properties and function of BMSCs. However, to date, pathogenesis of CHIKV infection in this context has not been studied. In the current study, we investigated the susceptibility of BMSCs and osteogenic cells to CHIKV and studied the effect of infection on these cells. For the first time to our knowledge, we report that CHIKV can productively infect BMSCs and osteogenic cells. We also observed decreased gene expression of the major regulator of osteogenic differentiation, RUNX2, in CHIKV-infected osteogenic cells. Furthermore, impaired functional properties of osteogenic cells, i.e., decreased production and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and matrix mineralization, were observed in the presence of CHIKV infection. Thus, we conclude that CHIKV likely impairs osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, indicating a possible role of BMSCs in altering bone homeostasis during CHIKV infection. IMPORTANCE Presently, no vaccines or treatment options are available for CHIKV infection. Joint pain is one of the major concerns. Although studies have shown an association between bone pathology and infection, the molecular pathogenesis in the context of bone pathology is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that BMSCs and BMSC-derived osteogenic cells are susceptible to CHIKV infection, and that infection likely alters the function of osteogenic cells. This study highlights altered osteogenic differentiation as a possible mechanism for causing the bone pathology observed in CHIKV pathogenesis.
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Lopes JH, Souza LP, Domingues JA, Ferreira FV, Alencar Hausen M, Camilli JA, Martin RA, Rezende Duek EA, Mazali IO, Bertran CA. In vitro and in vivo osteogenic potential of niobium‐doped 45S5 bioactive glass: A comparative study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:1372-1387. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João H. Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Fundamental Sciences (IEF)Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA) Sao Jose dos Campos Brazil
| | - Lucas P. Souza
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Juliana A. Domingues
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Filipe V. Ferreira
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Moema Alencar Hausen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biomaterials LaboratoryPontifical Catholic University of São Paulo Sorocaba Brazil
| | - José A. Camilli
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Richard A. Martin
- School of Engineering & Aston Research Centre for Healthy AgeingAston University Birmingham UK
| | - Eliana A. Rezende Duek
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biomaterials LaboratoryPontifical Catholic University of São Paulo Sorocaba Brazil
| | - Italo O. Mazali
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryInstitute of Chemistry, University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Celso A. Bertran
- Department of Physical ChemistryInstitute of Chemistry, University of Campinas – UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
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Zhu X, Zhao Z, Zeng C, Chen B, Huang H, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Yang L, Lv J, Zhang J, Pan D, Shen J, Duque G, Cai D. HNGF6A Inhibits Oxidative Stress-Induced MC3T3-E1 Cell Apoptosis and Osteoblast Phenotype Inhibition by Targeting Circ_0001843/miR-214 Pathway. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 106:518-532. [PMID: 32189040 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Humanin (HN), a mitochondrial derived peptide, plays cyto-protective role under various stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of HNGF6A, an analogue of HN, on osteoblast apoptosis and differentiation and the underlying mechanisms. Cell proliferation of murine osteoblastic cell line MC3TC-E1 was examined by CCK8 assay and Edu staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V assay under H2O2 treatment. The differentiation of osteoblast was determined by Alizarin red S staining. We also tested the expression of osteoblast phenotype related protein by real-time PCR and Western blot. The interaction between Circ_0001843 and miR-214, miR-214 and TAFA5 was examined by luciferase report assay. Circ_0001843 was inhibited by siRNA and miR-214 was suppressed by miR-214 inhibitor to determine the effects of Circ_0001843 and miR-214 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. HNGF6A, an analogue of HN, exerted cyto-protection and osteogenesis-promotion in MC3T3-E1 cells. The expression of osteoblast phenotype related protein was significantly induced by HNGF6A. Additionally, HNGF6A treatment decreased Circ_0001843 and increased miR-214 levels, as well as inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. We further found that Circ_0001843 directly bound with miR-214, which in turn inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. Furthermore, both Circ_0001843 overexpression and miR-214 knockdown significantly decreased the cyto-protection and osteogenic promotion of HNGF6A. In summary, our data showed that HNGF6A protected osteoblasts from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and osteoblast phenotype inhibition by targeting Circ_0001843/miR-214 pathway and the downstream kinases, p38 and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183 West Zhongshan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziping Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.183 West Zhongshan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Canjun Zeng
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510700, Guangdong, China
| | - Youming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Medical Image, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jicheng Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183 West Zhongshan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Daoyan Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183 West Zhongshan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183 West Zhongshan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, 3021, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, 3021, Australia.
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Department of Joint Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.183 West Zhongshan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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74
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Mahmoud NS, Ahmed HH, Mohamed MR, Amr KS, Aglan HA, Ali MAM, Tantawy MA. Role of nanoparticles in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:1-22. [PMID: 31722051 PMCID: PMC7002803 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the osteoinductive potentiality of some selected nanostructures; Hydroxyapatite (HA-NPs), Gold (Au-NPs), Chitosan (C-NPs), Gold/hydroxyapatite (Au/HA-NPs) and Chitosan/hydroxyapatite (CH-NPs) on bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). These nanostructures were characterized using transmission electron microscope and Zetasizer. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of rat femur bones and their identity was documented by morphology, flow cytometry and multi-potency capacity. The influence of the selected nanostructures on the viability, osteogenic differentiation and subsequent matrix mineralization of BM-MSCs was determined by MTT assay, molecular genetic analysis and alizarin red S staining, respectively. MTT analysis revealed insignificant toxicity of the tested nanostructures on BM-MSCs at concentrations ranged from 2 to 25 µg/ml over 48 h and 72 h incubation period. Notably, the tested nanostructures potentiate the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs as evidenced by a prominent over-expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) genes after 7 days incubation. Moreover, the tested nanostructures induced matrix mineralization of BM-MSCs after 21 days as manifested by the formation of calcium nodules stained with alizarin red S. Conclusively, these data provide a compelling evidence for the functionality of the studied nanostructures as osteoinductive materials motivating the differentiation of BM-MSCs into osteoblasts with the most prominent effect observed with Au-NPs and Au/HA-NPs, followed by CH-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia S. Mahmoud
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H. Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalda S. Amr
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Researches Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hadeer A. Aglan
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. M. Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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75
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Cao X, Wang Z, Bi L, Bi C, Du Q. Gold nanocage-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering probes for long-term monitoring of intracellular microRNA during bone marrow stem cell differentiation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1513-1527. [PMID: 31854413 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07791j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ability to monitor the differentiation of living stem cells is essential for understanding stem cell biology and the practical application of stem cell therapies. However, conventional methods of analyzing biomarkers related to differentiation still require a large number of cells or cell lysates. This requirement leads to the unavoidable loss of cell sources and hinders the real-time monitoring of cellular processes. In this study, we report an ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method for the long-term detection and imaging of miR-144-3p in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, by using target miRNA-induced gold nanocage (GNC)-hairpin DNA1 (hpDNA1)-hpDNA2-GNC assembly in living cells. The finite-difference time domain method demonstrated that the electromagnetic intensities of the dimer and polymer of the GNCs were significantly enhanced compared to that of GNCs only, which theoretically confirmed the rational design of the SERS strategy. The hpDNA-conjugated GNC probes were prepared and used to recognize the target and distinguish from other miRNAs. This method enabled excellent sensitivity and high selectivity toward miR-144-3p with a limit of detection of 13.6 aM and a broad range from 100 aM to 100 pM in cell lysates. Then, we used transmission electron microscopy images, fluorescence microscopy images, and dark-field microscopy images to study the internalization of the probes in BMSCs. A Cell Counting Kit-8 experiment indicated that the probes were not cytotoxic in a certain concentration range. BMSCs were treated with an osteogenic inductor so that they would subsequently differentiate into osteocytes. Upon cellular uptake of these nanoprobes, we observed intense and time-dependent SERS responses from the important osteogenic biomarker miR-144-3p, only in BMSCs undergoing osteogenic differentiation and living undifferentiated BMSCs but not in osteoblasts. Finally, the accuracy of SERS has been proved by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiment. The above results demonstrated that our nanoprobes are capable of long-term tracking of the dynamic expression of miR-144-3p (21 days) in the differentiating BMSCs. SERS has broad application prospects in the long-term detection of stem cell differentiation, and identification and isolation of specific cell types as well as in biomedical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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76
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Chu DT, Phuong TNT, Tien NLB, Tran DK, Thanh VV, Quang TL, Truong DT, Pham VH, Ngoc VTN, Chu-Dinh T, Kushekhar K. An Update on the Progress of Isolation, Culture, Storage, and Clinical Application of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E708. [PMID: 31973182 PMCID: PMC7037097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs), which are known as multipotent cells, are widely used in the treatment of various diseases via their self-renewable, differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties. In-vitro and in-vivo studies have supported the understanding mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of BMSCs therapy in clinical applications. The number of clinical trials in phase I/II is accelerating; however, they are limited in the size of subjects, regulations, and standards for the preparation and transportation and administration of BMSCs, leading to inconsistency in the input and outcome of the therapy. Based on the International Society for Cellular Therapy guidelines, the characterization, isolation, cultivation, differentiation, and applications can be optimized and standardized, which are compliant with good manufacturing practice requirements to produce clinical-grade preparation of BMSCs. This review highlights and updates on the progress of production, as well as provides further challenges in the studies of BMSCs, for the approval of BMSCs widely in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Toi Chu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Nguyen Le Bao Tien
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.L.B.T.); (V.V.T.)
| | - Dang Khoa Tran
- Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine Pham Ngoc Thach, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Vo Van Thanh
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.L.B.T.); (V.V.T.)
- Department of Surgery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Luu Quang
- Center for Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | | | - Van Huy Pham
- AI Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Thien Chu-Dinh
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Kushi Kushekhar
- Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway;
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77
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Senile Osteoporosis: The Involvement of Differentiation and Senescence of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010349. [PMID: 31948061 PMCID: PMC6981793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Senile osteoporosis has become a worldwide bone disease with the aging of the world population. It increases the risk of bone fracture and seriously affects human health. Unlike postmenopausal osteoporosis which is linked to menopause in women, senile osteoporosis is due to aging, hence, affecting both men and women. It is commonly found in people with more than their 70s. Evidence has shown that with age increase, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) differentiate into more adipocytes rather than osteoblasts and undergo senescence, which leads to decreased bone formation and contributes to senile osteoporosis. Therefore, it is necessary to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional changes of BMSCs. It will benefit not only for understanding the senile osteoporosis development, but also for finding new therapies to treat senile osteoporosis. Here, we review the recent advances of the functional alterations of BMSCs and the related mechanisms during senile osteoporosis development. Moreover, the treatment of senile osteoporosis by aiming at BMSCs is introduced.
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78
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Liu Z, Yang J. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin promotes osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by activating the Erk-Smad/β-catenin signalling pathways. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 38:87-96. [PMID: 31674048 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (unOc) is an osteoblast-derived hormone with multiple regulatory functions. Osteocalcin knockdown delays the maturation of mineral species and downregulates the expression of osteogenic-specific genes in human mesenchymal stromal cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of unOc on the osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and discovered that unOc promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which was characterized by increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type I collagen (COLI) production, calcified nodule formation, and expression of osteogenic-specific genes including the osterix, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, and COLI genes. Further experiments indicated that unOc promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via activation of the Erk-Smad/β-catenin signalling pathways. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Osteoporosis is associated with the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In recent years, the role of unOc function as an endocrine hormone has received much attention. In this study, we reported for the first time that unOc promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mouse BMSCs through Erk-Smad/β-catenin signalling pathway. Our results highlight the importance of unOc as a hormone in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, indicating that this hormone may be beneficial in treatments for osteoporosis and fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsheng Liu
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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79
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Lee MH, Wu X, Zhu Y. RNA-binding protein PUM2 regulates mesenchymal stem cell fate via repression of JAK2 and RUNX2 mRNAs. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3874-3885. [PMID: 31595981 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into unwanted lineages can generate potential problems in clinical trials. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms, involved in this process, would help prevent unexpected complications. Regulation of gene expression, at the posttranscriptional level, is a new approach in cell therapies. PUMILIO is a conserved posttranscriptional regulator. However, the underlying mechanisms of PUMILIO, in vertebrate stem cells, remain elusive. Here, we show that depletion of PUMILIO2 (PUM2) blocks MSC adipogenesis and enhances osteogenesis. We also demonstrate that PUM2 works as a negative regulator on the 3'-untranslated regions of JAK2 and RUNX2 via direct binding. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene silencing of Pum2 inhibited lipid accumulation and induced excessive bone formation in zebrafish larvae. Our findings reveal novel roles of PUM2 in MSCs and provide potential therapeutic targets for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myon-Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Xinjun Wu
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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80
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Salgado CL, Teixeira BIB, Monteiro FJM. Biomimetic Composite Scaffold With Phosphoserine Signaling for Bone Tissue Engineering Application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:206. [PMID: 31552233 PMCID: PMC6743420 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In guided bone tissue engineering, successful ingrowth of MSCs depends primarily on the nature of the scaffold. It is well-known that only seconds after implantation, biomaterials are coated by a layer of adsorbed proteins/peptides which modulates the subsequent cell/scaffold interactions, especially at early times after implantation. In this work, nanohydroxyapatite and collagen based composite materials (Coll/nanoHA) were modified with phosphorylated amino acid (O-phospho-L-serine-OPS) to mimic bone tissue, and induce cell differentiation. The choice for this phosphorylated amino acid is due to the fact that osteopontin is a serine-rich glycol-phosphoprotein and has been associated to the early stages of bone formation, and regeneration. Several concentrations of OPS were added to the Coll/nanoHA scaffold and physico-chemical, mechanical, and in vitro cell behavior were evaluated. Afterwards, the composite scaffold with stronger mechanical and best cellular behavior was tested in vivo, with or without previous in vitro culture of human MSC's (bone tissue engineering). The OPS signaling of the biocomposite scaffolds showed similar cellular adhesion and proliferation, but higher ALP enzyme activity (HBMSC). In vivo bone ectopic formation studies allowed for a thorough evaluation of the materials for MSC's osteogenic differentiation. The OPS-scaffolds results showed that the material could modulated mesenchymal cells behavior in favor of osteogenic differentiation into late osteoblasts that gave raised to their ECM with human bone proteins (osteopontin) and calcium deposits. Finally, OPS-modified scaffolds enhanced cell survival, engraftment, migration, and spatial distribution within the 3D matrix that could be used as a cell-loaded scaffold for tissue engineering applications and accelerate bone regeneration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Laranjo Salgado
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB–Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), DEMM, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Isabel Brites Teixeira
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB–Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Fernando Jorge Mendes Monteiro
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB–Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), DEMM, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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81
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Kou J, Zheng X, Guo J, Liu Y, Liu X. MicroRNA‐218‐5p relieves postmenopausal osteoporosis through promoting the osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1216-1226. [PMID: 31478244 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Kou
- Department of Spinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Xiujun Zheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Jianwei Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Xiangyun Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
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82
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Li H, Yue B. Effects of various antimicrobial agents on multi-directional differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:322-336. [PMID: 31293715 PMCID: PMC6600849 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i6.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drugs of several classes play an important role in the treatment of bone and joint infections. In addition to fighting pathogenic microorganisms, the effects of drugs on local tissues and cells are also related to the course and prognosis of bone and joint infections. The multi-directional differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for tissue repair after local injury, which is directly related to the recovery of bone, cartilage, and medullary adipose tissue. Our previous studies and the literature indicate that certain antimicrobial agents can regulate the differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived MSCs. Here, in order to systematically analyze the effects of various antimicrobial drugs on local tissue regeneration, we comprehensively review the studies on the effects of these drugs on MSC differentiation, and classify them according to the three differentiation directions (osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis). Our review demonstrates the specific effects of different antimicrobial agents on bone marrow-derived MSCs and the range of concentrations at which they work, and provides a basis for drug selection at different sites of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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83
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Zheng X, Yu Y, Shao B, Gan N, Chen L, Yang D. Osthole improves therapy for osteoporosis through increasing autophagy of mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Anim 2019; 68:453-463. [PMID: 31155553 PMCID: PMC6842796 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder resulting in elevated fracture risk.
Improvement of osteogenic differentiation is thought to be the top priority in
osteoporosis treatment projects. Significant characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal
stem cells (BMMSCs), especially attractive ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, have
made them alternatives for osteoporosis treatment. However, therapeutic effect with BMMSCs
remains to be improved. Here, osthole, a bioactive simple coumarin derivative extracted
from many medicinal plants, was introduced to pre-stimulate BMMSCs and then applied in
osteoporosis therapy. The results showed that osthole-treated-BMMSCs (OBMMSCs) brought a
better outcome than BMMSCs alone in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis model. And
elevated autophagy level was suggested to be the underlying mechanism of the ability of
osthole to promote osteoblast differentiation, which is indicated by the upregulation of
protein and mRNA expression level of autophagy-associated genes, Beclin1
and LC3. We concluded from these experiments that OBMMSCs are more
effective than BMMSCs in osteoporosis treatment maybe through upregulation level of
autophagy level induced by osthole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China
| | - Binyi Shao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Gan
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, No. 426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, China
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84
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Stem cells in Osteoporosis: From Biology to New Therapeutic Approaches. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:1730978. [PMID: 31281368 PMCID: PMC6589256 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1730978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that affects the skeleton, causing reduction of bone density and mass, resulting in destruction of bone microstructure and increased risk of bone fractures. Since osteoporosis is a disease affecting the elderly and the aging of the world's population is constantly increasing, it is expected that the incidence of osteoporosis and its financial burden on the insurance systems will increase continuously and there is a need for more understanding this condition in order to prevent and/or treat it. At present, available drug therapy for osteoporosis primarily targets the inhibition of bone resorption and agents that promote bone mineralization, designed to slow disease progression. Safe and predictable pharmaceutical means to increase bone formation have been elusive. Stem cell therapy of osteoporosis, as a therapeutic strategy, offers the promise of an increase in osteoblast differentiation and thus reversing the shift towards bone resorption in osteoporosis. This review is focused on the current views regarding the implication of the stem cells in the cellular and physiologic mechanisms of osteoporosis and discusses data obtained from stem cell-based therapies of osteoporosis in experimental animal models and the possibility of their future application in clinical trials.
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85
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Shuai Y, Yang R, Mu R, Yu Y, Rong L, Jin L. MiR-199a-3p mediates the adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by regulating KDM6A/WNT signaling. Life Sci 2019; 220:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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86
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Saalbach A, Anderegg U. Thy‐1: more than a marker for mesenchymal stromal cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:6689-6696. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802224r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Saalbach
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and AllergologyFaculty of MedicineLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Ulf Anderegg
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and AllergologyFaculty of MedicineLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
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87
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Zuo R, Liu M, Wang Y, Li J, Wang W, Wu J, Sun C, Li B, Wang Z, Lan W, Zhang C, Shi C, Zhou Y. BM-MSC-derived exosomes alleviate radiation-induced bone loss by restoring the function of recipient BM-MSCs and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:30. [PMID: 30646958 PMCID: PMC6334443 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy to cancer patients is inevitably accompanied by normal tissue injury, and the bone is one of the most commonly damaged tissues. Damage to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) induced by radiation is thought to be a major cause of radiation-induced bone loss. Exosomes exhibit great therapeutic potential in the treatment of osteoporosis, but whether exosomes are involved in radiation-induced bone loss has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of exosomes derived from BM-MSCs in restoring recipient BM-MSC function and alleviating radiation-induced bone loss. Methods BM-MSC-derived exosomes were intravenously injected to rats immediately after irradiation. After 28 days, the left tibiae were harvested for micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis. The effects of exosomes on antioxidant capacity, DNA damage repair, proliferation, and cell senescence of recipient BM-MSCs were determined. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation assays were used to detect the effects of exosomes on the differentiation potential of recipient BM-MSCs, and related genes were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. β-Catenin expression was detected at histological and cytological levels. Results BM-MSC-derived exosomes can attenuate radiation-induced bone loss in a rat model that is similar to mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Exosome-treated BM-MSCs exhibit reduced oxidative stress, accelerated DNA damage repair, and reduced proliferation inhibition and cell senescence-associate protein expression compared with BM-MSCs that exclusively received irradiation. Following irradiation, exosomes promote β-catenin expression in BM-MSCs and restore the balance between adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Conclusions Our findings indicate that BM-MSC-derived exosomes take effects by restoring the function of recipient BM-MSCs. Therefore, exosomes may represent a promising cell-free therapeutic approach for the treatment of radiation-induced bone loss. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1121-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiren Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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Yuan Z, Min J, Zhao Y, Cheng Q, Wang K, Lin S, Luo J, Liu H. Quercetin rescued TNF-alpha-induced impairments in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis and improved osteoporosis in rats. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:4313-4321. [PMID: 30662673 PMCID: PMC6325508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of quercetin on promoting the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and improving osteoporosis in rats. Rats were randomly divided into the sham, OVX and quercetin+OVX groups. In the sham and OVX groups, rats were given carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na). In the quercetin+OVX group, rats were given quercetin (50 mg/kg) once a day. Eight weeks after rats were treated, femurs were subjected to micro-CT scans, and bone biomechanical properties were analysed by the three-point flexural test. In addition, BMSCs were isolated and characterised by MTT, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. In vivo, quercetin increased bone mineral density (BMD) and improved bone biomechanical properties in postmenopausal osteoporosis rat models. In vitro, TNF-α led to the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the degradation of β-catenin, which were significantly inhibited by quercetin. Furthermore, quercetin promoted BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, quercetin improved in vitro models of osteoporosis and protected against TNF-α-induced impairments in BMSC osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Min
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yawen Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijian Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Lechner J, Rudi T, von Baehr V. Osteoimmunology of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and RANTES/CCL5: a review of known and poorly understood inflammatory patterns in osteonecrosis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2018; 10:251-262. [PMID: 30519117 PMCID: PMC6233471 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s184498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune and bone systems are closely linked via cytokine cross-talk. This interdisciplinary field of research is referred to as osteoimmunology and pertains to inflammatory and osteoarticular diseases that feature the primary expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6. Objective Are there bone resorptive processes wherein chronic inflammatory conditions are not linked to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, but rather to the expression of other cytokines? Materials and methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed Central. Discussion Although all diseases with cytokines involved in bone resorption (TNF-α and IL-6) are at the forefront of destructive inflammatory processes, there is one exception in the literature: fatty oxide osteoporosis/osteolysis in the jawbone (FDOJ), which is associated with significant bone softening. However, it should be noted that TNF-α and IL-6 fall below the levels found in a healthy jawbone in this condition. Another conspicuous finding is that there is a nearly 35-fold overexpression of the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) in all FDOJ cases studied thus far in the literature. Conclusion FDOJ appears to represent a unique cytokine and inflammatory pattern from osteolysis in the body. R/C can be defined as the dominant carrier of a “maxillomandibular osteoimmunology”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Lechner
- Clinic for Integrative Dentistry, Munich 81547, Germany,
| | - Tatjana Rudi
- Institute for Epidemiological Studies, Berlin 10709, Germany
| | - Volker von Baehr
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Institute for Medical Diagnostics in MVZ GbR, Berlin 12247, Germany
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90
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Effects of a Pasty Bone Cement Containing Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Functionalized Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Particles on Metaphyseal Healing in a New Murine Osteoporotic Fracture Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113531. [PMID: 30423942 PMCID: PMC6274902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new and better implant materials adapted to osteoporotic bone is still urgently required. Therefore, osteoporotic muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (M3 mAChR) knockout (KO) and corresponding wild type (WT) mice underwent osteotomy in the distal femoral metaphysis. Fracture gaps were filled with a pasty α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)-based hydroxyapatite (HA)-forming bone cement containing mesoporous bioactive CaP-SiO₂ glass particles (cement/MBG composite) with or without Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and healing analyzed after 35 days. Histologically, bone formation was significantly increased in WT mice that received the BDNF-functionalized cement/MBG composite compared to control WT mice without BDNF. Cement/MBG composite without BDNF increased bone formation in M3 mAChR KO mice compared to equally treated WT mice. Mass spectrometric imaging showed that the BDNF-functionalized cement/MBG composite implanted in M3 mAChR KO mice was infiltrated by newly formed tissue. Leukocyte numbers were significantly lower in M3 mAChR KO mice treated with BDNF-functionalized cement/MBG composite compared to controls without BDNF. C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were significantly lower in M3 mAChR KO mice that received the cement/MBG composite without BDNF when compared to WT mice treated the same. Whereas alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations in callus were significantly increased in M3 mAChR KO mice, ALP activity was significantly higher in WT mice. Due to a stronger effect of BDNF in non osteoporotic mice, higher BDNF concentrations might be needed for osteoporotic fracture healing. Nevertheless, the BDNF-functionalized cement/MBG composite promoted fracture healing in non osteoporotic bone.
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91
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Argentati C, Morena F, Bazzucchi M, Armentano I, Emiliani C, Martino S. Adipose Stem Cell Translational Applications: From Bench-to-Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3475. [PMID: 30400641 PMCID: PMC6275042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last five years, there has been a significantly increasing interest in adult adipose stem cells (ASCs) as a suitable tool for translational medicine applications. The abundant and renewable source of ASCs and the relatively simple procedure for cell isolation are only some of the reasons for this success. Here, we document the advances in the biology and in the innovative biotechnological applications of ASCs. We discuss how the multipotential property boosts ASCs toward mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal differentiation cell lineages and how their character is maintained even if they are combined with gene delivery systems and/or biomaterials, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Martina Bazzucchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Armentano
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University Largo dell'Università, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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Kumar A, Kumar V, Rattan V, Jha V, Bhattacharyya S. Secretome proteins regulate comparative osteogenic and adipogenic potential in bone marrow and dental stem cells. Biochimie 2018; 155:129-139. [PMID: 30367923 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental stem cells (DMSC) have been studied extensively since their early discovery. However, the data regarding osteogenic potential of DMSC with other cell types is sparse and the secretome proteins underlying these differences have not been explored. In this study, we have compared the osteogenic and adipogenic potential of DMSC with Bone Marrow Stem cells (BMSC) and reported the contribution of secretome proteins in controlling their differentiation. METHODS Osteogenic potential of these stem cells was compared by mineralization assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, immunofluorescence of dentine sialo phosphoprotein (DSPP) & qPCR for osteogenic genes. Adipogenic potential was compared by Oil Red O staining and qPCR for PPAR-γ, leptin & adipsin. Proteomic analysis of secretome was performed by employing WATERS nano Lc-MS/MS system. RESULTS We observed a higher osteogenic potential in DMSC, especially dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) as compared to BMSC population but adipogenic potential was found to be better in BMSC as compared to DMSC. Deeper investigations into secretome of these cells by Lc-MS/MS revealed the presence of proteins pertaining to osteogenic and adipogenic lineage. Presence of some important proteins regulating osteogenic (DSPP, BMP7, DDR2, USP9X) and adipogenic differentiation (NCOA2, PEG10, LPA) in secretome of BMSC and DMSC reflected the role of paracrine factors during differentiation. CONCLUSION Our study provides first evidence regarding regulation of osteogenic/adipogenic potential by secretome proteins in DMSC and BMSC. DMSC especially DPSC and its secretome show an inherent tendency for higher osteogenic differentiation and lower adipogenic differentiation, these may be potential candidates for effective future therapy in osteoporosis where disturbance of osteocyte/adipocyte homeostasis is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vidya Rattan
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Science Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivekananda Jha
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; The George Institute for Global Health, India
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93
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Yin B, Yu F, Wang C, Li B, Liu M, Ye L. Epigenetic Control of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate Decision via Histone Methyltransferase Ash1l. Stem Cells 2018; 37:115-127. [PMID: 30270478 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous research indicates that knocking out absent, small, or homeotic-like (Ash1l) in mice, a histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) trimethyltransferase, can result in arthritis with more severe cartilage and bone destruction. Research has documented the essential role of Ash1l in stem cell fate decision such as hematopoietic stem cells and the progenitors of keratinocytes. Following up on those insights, our research seeks to document the function of Ash1l in skeletal formation, specifically whether it controls the fate decision of mesenchymal progenitor cells. Our findings indicate that in osteoporotic bones, Ash1l was significantly decreased, indicating a positive correlation between bone mass and the expression of Ash1l. Silencing of Ash1l that had been markedly upregulated in differentiated C3H10T1/2 (C3) cells hampered osteogenesis and chondrogenesis but promoted adipogenesis. Consistently, overexpression of an Ash1l SET domain-containing fragment 3 rather than Ash1lΔN promoted osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of C3 cells and simultaneously inhibited adipogenic differentiation. This indicates that the role of Ash1l in regulating the differentiation of C3 cells is linked to its histone methyltransferase activity. Subcutaneous ex vivo transplantation experiments confirmed the role of Ash1l in the promotion of osteogenesis. Further experiments proved that Ash1l can epigenetically affect the expression of essential osteogenic and chondrogenic transcription factors. It exerts this impact via modifications in the enrichment of H3K4me3 on their promoter regions. Considering the promotional action of Ash1l on bone, it could potentially prompt new therapeutic strategy to promote osteogenesis. Stem Cells 2019;37:115-127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Boer Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Łęgosz P, Drela K, Pulik Ł, Sarzyńska S, Małdyk P. Challenges of heterotopic ossification-Molecular background and current treatment strategies. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:1229-1235. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Łęgosz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; 1st Faculty of Medicine; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Katarzyna Drela
- NeuroRepair Department; Mossakowski Medical Research Centre; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Łukasz Pulik
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; 1st Faculty of Medicine; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Sylwia Sarzyńska
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; 1st Faculty of Medicine; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Paweł Małdyk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; 1st Faculty of Medicine; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
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95
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Correa-Rodríguez M, Schmidt-RioValle J, Rueda-Medina B. SOX6 rs7117858 polymorphism is associated with osteoporosis and obesity-related phenotypes. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e13011. [PMID: 30062780 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SOX6 has been recently proposed as a pleiotropic gene for obesity and osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the rs7117858 genetic variant in SOX6 was associated with bone mass assessed by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and obesity-related measures in a population of young adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 550 unrelated healthy individuals of Caucasian ancestry (381 (69.3%) female and 169 (30.7%) male; mean age 20.46 ± 2.69). Bone mass was assessed through calcaneal QUS) parameter (BUA, dB/MHz). Obesity-related traits including weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were analysed. RESULTS The linear regression analysis revealed that the rs7117858 SNP was significantly associated with FFM after adjustments for covariables in the whole sample (P = 0.027, β (95% CI) = 0.053 (0.092, 1.516). In addition, a significant association with QUS measurement adjusted for confounding factors was found in females (P = 0.043, β (95% CI) = 0.104 (0.138. 8.384). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that SOX6 influence FFM and QUS trait in a population of young adults, suggesting the implication of this gene in obesity and osteoporosis-related phenotypes during early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Correa-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Granada, Spain
| | - Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Rueda-Medina
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Granada, Spain
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Mechanisms of Zuogui Pill in Treating Osteoporosis: Perspective from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3717391. [PMID: 30327678 PMCID: PMC6169217 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3717391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current treatment strategies for osteoporosis (OP) involve promoting osteogenic differentiation and inhibiting adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). According to a theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidneys contain an “essence” that regulate bone metabolism and generate marrow. Kidney disorders are therefore considered to be a major cause of OP as per the principles of TCM, which recommends kidney-tonifying treatments for OP. The Zuogui pill (ZGP) is a classic kidney-tonifying medication that effectively improves OP symptoms. Studies have shown that ZGP can promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, providing scientific evidence for the TCM theory linking kidneys with bone metabolism. In this review, we have provided an overview of recent studies that examined the underlying mechanisms of ZGP mediated regulation of BMSC osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.
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97
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Liu DB, Sui C, Wu TT, Wu LZ, Zhu YY, Ren ZH. Association of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)/Smad Signaling Pathway with Fracture Healing and Osteogenic Ability in Senile Osteoporotic Fracture in Humans and Rats. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4363-4371. [PMID: 29938690 PMCID: PMC6050999 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the effect of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway on fracture healing and osteogenic ability in senile osteoporotic fracture on humans and rats. Material/Methods Sixty-two patients and well-matched normal controls were enrolled for clinical observation. A rat model of senile osteoporotic fracture was established. Serum BMP2 and Smad4 levels, as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, were detected by ELISA. Fracture healing was observed by X-ray radiography and bone formation was analyzed by micro-CT. Results Serum BMP2 and Smad4 levels in patients with senile osteoporotic fracture were significantly lower than those in normal controls (all P<0.01). BMP2 was highly positively correlated with Smad4 in patients with senile osteoporotic fracture (r=0.738). Compared with patients with low serum BMP2 and Smad4 levels, visual analog scale scores decreased, bone mineral density (BMD) increased, and duration of fracture healing was shortened in patients with high levels (all P<0.05). Compared with the Model group, serum BMP2 and Smad4 levels increased, fracture healing was improved, BMD, trabecular bone volume (TBV), tissue volume (TV), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), mean trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), and mean number of trabecular bone (Tb. N) were increased, and ALP activity increased in the BMP2 overexpression group (all P<0.05), while each index in the NC group showed no statistical difference relative to rats in the Model group (all P>0.05). Conclusions BMP2 overexpression can promote fracture healing and osteogenic ability in senile osteoporotic fractures through activating the BMP/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Bao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Cong Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Lian-Zhong Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - You-Yu Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen-Hua Ren
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Cell Therapy Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
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98
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Xu L, Zheng L, Wang Z, Li C, Li S, Xia X, Zhang P, Li L, Zhang L. TNF-α-Induced SOX5 Upregulation Is Involved in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through KLF4 Signal Pathway. Mol Cells 2018; 41:575-581. [PMID: 29890823 PMCID: PMC6030245 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration. Although differentially expressed SOX5 has been found in bone marrow from ovariectomized mice, its role in osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow in PMOP remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological function of SOX5 and explore its molecular mechanism in hMSCs from patients with PMOP. Our findings showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOX5 were upregulated in hMSCs isolated from bone marrow samples of PMOP patients. We also found that SOX5 overexpression decreased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the gene expression of osteoblast markers including Collagen I, Runx2 and Osterix, which were increased by SOX5 knockdown using RNA interference. Furthermore, TNF-α notably upregulated the SOX5 mRNA expression level, and SOX5 knockdown reversed the effect of TNF-α on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. In addition, SOX5 overexpression increased Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene expression, which was decreased by SOX5 silencing. KLF4 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effect of SOX5 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that TNF-α-induced SOX5 upregulation inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs through KLF4 signal pathway, suggesting that SOX5 might be a novel therapeutic target for PMOP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Xuedi Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Pengyan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052,
China
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99
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Yin Y, Chen P, Yu Q, Peng Y, Zhu Z, Tian J. The Effects of a Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3274-3282. [PMID: 29775452 PMCID: PMC5987610 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been confirmed to play an important role in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) possess some attractive characteristics for clinical application compared to BMSCs, such as abundant stem cells from lipoaspirates, faster growth, less discomfort and morbidity during surgery. ASCs can become adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, neurocytes, and other cell types. Thus, ASCs might be a good alternative in clinical work involving treatment with PEMF. Material/Methods Human ASCs (hASCs)were divided into a control group (without PEMF exposure) and an experimental group (PEMF for two hours per day). We examined the effect of PEMF on promoting cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation from several aspects: CCK-8 proliferation assay, RNA extraction, qRT-PCR detection, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining experiments. Results PEMF could promote cell proliferation of human ASCs (hASCs) at an early stage as determined by CCK-8 assay. A specific intensity (1 mT) and frequency (50 Hz) of PEMF promoted osteogenic differentiation in hASCs in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining experiments. In addition, bone-related gene expression increased after two weeks of PEMF exposure, the protein expression of OPN, OCN, and RUNX-2 also increased after a longer period (three weeks) of PEMF treatment as determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Conclusions We found for the first time that PMEF has a role in stimulating cell proliferation of hASCs at an early period, subsequently promoting bone-related gene expression and inducing the expression of related proteins to stimulate osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu, Guangzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu, Guangzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu, Guangzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Baiyun, Guangzhou, China (mainland)
| | - ZeHao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu, Guangzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University, Haizhu, Guangzhou, China (mainland)
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100
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Wu S, Yu Q, Sun Y, Tian J. Synergistic effect of a LPEMF and SPIONs on BMMSC proliferation, directional migration, and osteoblastogenesis. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1431-1443. [PMID: 29887957 PMCID: PMC5992538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) represent a new type of physiotherapy that has been shown to be effective for improving bone fracture healing and treating osteoporosis. Targeted therapy with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) has been the focus of several recent studies. The key to such therapy is the effective application of certain nanomaterials in BMMSCs so they achieve an ideal target concentration under the influence of a PEMF. In our present study, the effects of a PEMF on the process of osteoblastogenesis were systematically investigated using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled BMMSCs. Rat BMMSCs labeled with SPIONs were exposed to a low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (LPEMF) of 50 Hz at 1.1 mT. Exposure to the LPEMF resulted in an enhanced proliferation of SPION-labeled BMMSCs when compared with a control group. Furthermore, observations made by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed greater cell concentrations in the central zone with exposure to the LPEMF than in the peripheral zone without LPEMF stimulation, indicating that a LPEMF could induce the migration of SPION-labeled BMMSCs towards a magnetic field. Transwell experiments confirmed that combining SPIONs with a LPEMF could significantly promote the directional migration of BMMSCs. Von Kossa and ALP staining of LPEMF-exposed SPION-labeled cells was more intense, and those cells displayed higher levels of ALP activity than control cells. The SPION-labeled, LPEMF-exposed cells also showed increased levels of osteogenesis-related gene and protein expression (e.g., ALP, OCN, and RUNX2) in PCR and western blot studies. Taken together, our findings suggest that a combination of LPEMF and SPIONs exerts a synergistic effect on promoting the directional migration and osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, indicating that application of a LPEMF in conjunction with SPIONs may constitute a method for treating bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Wu
- Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510282, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuanzhou 510280, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510282, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuanzhou 510280, Guangdong, PR China
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