51
|
MacLauchlan S, Kushwaha P, Tai A, Chen J, Manning C, Swarnkar G, Abu-Amer Y, Fitzgerald KA, Sharma S, Gravallese EM. STING-dependent interferon signatures restrict osteoclast differentiation and bone loss in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2210409120. [PMID: 37023130 PMCID: PMC10104545 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210409120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a key mediator of type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling in response to a variety of stimuli, but the contribution of STING to homeostatic processes is not fully characterized. Previous studies showed that ligand activation of STING limits osteoclast differentiation in vitro through the induction of IFNβ and IFN-I interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). In a disease model (SAVI) driven by the V154M gain-of-function mutation in STING, fewer osteoclasts form from SAVI precursors in response to receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in an IFN-I-dependent manner. Due to the described role of STING-mediated regulation of osteoclastogenesis in activation settings, we sought to determine whether basal STING signaling contributes to bone homeostasis, an unexplored area. Using whole-body and myeloid-specific deficiency, we show that STING signaling prevents trabecular bone loss in mice over time and that myeloid-restricted STING activity is sufficient for this effect. STING-deficient osteoclast precursors differentiate with greater efficiency than wild types. RNA sequencing of wild-type and STING-deficient osteoclast precursor cells and differentiating osteoclasts reveals unique clusters of ISGs including a previously undescribed ISG set expressed in RANKL naïve precursors (tonic expression) and down-regulated during differentiation. We identify a 50 gene tonic ISG signature that is STING dependent and shapes osteoclast differentiation. From this list, we identify interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) as a tonic STING-regulated ISG that limits osteoclast formation. Thus, STING is an important upstream regulator of tonic IFN-I signatures shaping the commitment to osteoclast fates, providing evidence for a nuanced and unique role for this pathway in bone homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan MacLauchlan
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
| | - Priyanka Kushwaha
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
| | - Albert Tai
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02111
| | - Jia Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
| | - Catherine Manning
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
| | - Gaurav Swarnkar
- Department of Orthopedics and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO63110
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedics and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO63110
| | - Katherine A. Fitzgerald
- Department of Medicine, Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA01655
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02111
| | - Ellen M. Gravallese
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Mountain RV, Langlais AL, Hu D, Baron R, Lary CW, Motyl KJ. Social isolation through single housing negatively affects trabecular and cortical bone in adult male, but not female, C57BL/6J mice. Bone 2023; 172:116762. [PMID: 37044360 PMCID: PMC10084633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation is a potent form of psychosocial stress and is a growing public health concern, particularly among older adults. Even prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has significantly increased the prevalence of isolation and loneliness, researchers have been concerned about a rising "epidemic" of loneliness. Isolation is associated with an increased risk for many physical and mental health disorders and increased overall mortality risk. In addition to social isolation, older adults are also at greater risk for osteoporosis and related fractures. While researchers have investigated the negative effects of other forms of psychosocial stress on bone, including depression and PTSD, the effects of social isolation on bone have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that social isolation would lead to bone loss in male and female C57BL/6J mice. 16-week-old mice were randomized into social isolation (1 mouse/cage) or grouped housing (4 mice/cage) for four weeks. Social isolation significantly decreased trabecular (BV/TV, BMD, Tb. N., Tb. Th.) and cortical bone (Ct.Th., Ct.Ar., Ct.Ar./Tt.Ar., pMOI, Ct.Por.) parameters in male, but not female mice. Isolated male mice had signs of reduced bone remodeling represented by reduced osteoblast numbers, osteoblast-related gene expression and osteoclast-related gene expression. However, isolated females had increased bone resorption-related gene expression, without any change in bone mass. Overall, our data suggest that social isolation has negative effects on bone in male, but not female mice, although females showed suggestive effects on bone resorption. These results provide critical insight into the effects of isolation on bone and have key clinical implications as we grapple with the long-term health impacts of the rise in social isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca V Mountain
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, Scarborough, ME, USA.
| | - Audrie L Langlais
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, Scarborough, ME, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Dorothy Hu
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Bone and Mineral Research, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roland Baron
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Bone and Mineral Research, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine W Lary
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, Scarborough, ME, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA; Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Katherine J Motyl
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, Scarborough, ME, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Reidy PT, Smith AD, Jevnikar BE, Doctor AK, Williams RW, Kachulkin AA, Monnig JM, Fix DK, Petrocelli JJ, Mahmassani ZS, McKenzie AI, de Hart NMMP, Drummond MJ. Muscle disuse as hindlimb unloading in early postnatal mice negatively impacts grip strength in adult mice: a pilot study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:787-798. [PMID: 36759163 PMCID: PMC10042595 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00681.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity has many detrimental effects on health, yet the impact of physical inactivity in early life on muscle health in adulthood remains unknown. Early postnatal malnutrition has prolonged effects into adulthood and we propose that early postnatal (P) physical inactivity would have similar negative effects. To test this hypothesis, we exposed postnatal mice (∼P28, C57BL/6J) to 14 days of physical inactivity (shortly after weaning, from ∼P28 to P42 days of age) in the form of muscle disuse with hindlimb unloading (HU). After this early-life physical inactivity, they were allowed to normally ambulate until 5 mo of age (P140, adulthood) when they underwent 14 days of HU with and without 7-day recovery. They were then tested for physical function (grip strength) and muscles were extracted and weighed. Immunofluorescence was carried out on these muscle cross sections for analysis of myofiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), macrophage density (CD68+ cells), and extracellular matrix (ECM) area. Muscle weights and fCSA and myofiber diameter were used to quantify changes in muscle and fiber size. Compared with age-matched controls, no notable effects of early-life physical inactivity (HU) on skeletal muscle and myofiber size were observed. However, a significant reduction in adult grip strength was observed in those exposed to HU early in life. This was associated with reduced muscle macrophages and increased ECM area. Exposure to a short period of early life disuse has negative enduring effects into adulthood impacting grip strength, muscle macrophages, and muscle composition as low muscle quality.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate that early life disuse resulted in less grip strength in adulthood. Analysis of muscle composition demonstrated no loss of whole muscle or myofiber size indicating lower muscle quality akin to premature aging. This poor muscle quality was characterized by altered muscle macrophages and extracellular matrix area. We demonstrate intriguing correlations between this loss of grip strength and muscle macrophages and also area of noncontractile tissue in the muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Reidy
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Austin D Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Benjamin E Jevnikar
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Abbas K Doctor
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Ryan W Williams
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Anthony A Kachulkin
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Jackie M Monnig
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Dennis K Fix
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Naomi M M P de Hart
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Buettmann EG, DeNapoli RC, Abraham LB, Denisco JA, Lorenz MR, Friedman MA, Donahue HJ. Reambulation following hindlimb unloading attenuates disuse-induced changes in murine fracture healing. Bone 2023; 172:116748. [PMID: 37001629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with bone and muscle loss from prolonged disuse have higher risk of falls and subsequent fragility fractures. In addition, fracture patients with continued disuse and/or delayed physical rehabilitation have worse clinical outcomes compared to individuals with immediate weight-bearing activity following diaphyseal fracture. However, the effects of prior disuse followed by physical reambulation on fracture healing cellular processes and adjacent bone and skeletal muscle recovery post-injury remains poorly defined. To bridge this knowledge gap and inform future treatment and rehabilitation strategies for fractures, a preclinical model of fracture healing with a history of prior unloading with and without reambulation was employed. First, skeletally mature male and female C57BL/6J mice (18 weeks) underwent hindlimb unloading by tail suspension (HLU) for 3 weeks to induce significant bone and muscle loss modeling enhanced bone fragility. Next, mice had their right femur fractured by open surgical dissection (stabilized with 24-gauge pin). The, mice were randomly assigned to continued HLU or allowed normal weight-bearing reambulation (HLU + R). Mice given normal cage activity throughout the experiment served as healthy age-matched controls. All mice were sacrificed 4-days (DPF4) or 14-days (DPF14) following fracture to assess healing and uninjured hindlimb musculoskeletal properties (6-10 mice per treatment/biological sex). We found that continued disuse following fracture lead to severely diminished uninjured hindlimb skeletal muscle mass (gastrocnemius and soleus) and femoral bone volume adjacent to the fracture site compared to healthy age-matched controls across mouse sexes. Furthermore, HLU led to significantly decreased periosteal expansion (DPF4) and osteochondral tissue formation by DPF14, and trends in increased osteoclastogenesis (DPF14) and decreased woven bone vascular area (DPF14). In contrast, immediate reambulation for 2 weeks after fracture, even following a period of prolonged disuse, was able to increase hindlimb skeletal tissue mass and increase osteochondral tissue formation, albeit not to healthy control levels, in both mouse sexes. Furthermore, reambulation attenuated osteoclast formation seen in woven bone tissue undergoing disuse. Our results suggest that weight-bearing skeletal loading in both sexes immediately following fracture may improve callus healing and prevent further fall risk by stimulating skeletal muscle anabolism and decreasing callus resorption compared to minimal or delayed rehabilitation regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan G Buettmann
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Rachel C DeNapoli
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Lovell B Abraham
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Joe A Denisco
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Madelyn R Lorenz
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Michael A Friedman
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Henry J Donahue
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Biomedical Engineering, Richmond, VA, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Ackert-Bicknell C, Karasik D. Proceedings of the Post-Genome Analysis for Musculoskeletal Biology Workshop. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:184-192. [PMID: 36869984 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Herein, we report on the proceedings of the workshop entitled "Post-Genome analysis for musculoskeletal biology" that was held in July of 2022 in Safed, Galilee, Israel. Supported by the Israel Science Foundation, the goal of this workshop was to bring together established investigators and their trainees who were interested in understanding the etiology of musculoskeletal disease, from Israel and from around the world. RECENT FINDINGS Presentations at this workshop spanned the spectrum from basic science to clinical studies. A major emphasis of the discussion centered on genetic studies in humans, and the limitations and advantages of such studies. The power of coupling studies using human data with functional follow-up studies in pre-clinical models such as mice, rats, and zebrafish was discussed in depth. The advantages and limitations of mice and zebrafish for faithfully modelling aspects of human disease were debated, specifically in the context of age-related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, adult-onset auto-immune disease, and osteosarcopenia. There remain significant gaps in our understanding of the nature and etiology of human musculoskeletal disease. While therapies and medications exist, much work is still needed to find safe and effective interventions for all patients suffering from diseases associated with age-related deterioration of musculoskeletal tissues. The potential of forward and reverse genetic studies has not been exhausted for diseases of muscles, joints, and bones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Ackert-Bicknell
- Colorado Program for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Kim SY, Park GI, Park SY, Lee EH, Choi H, Koh JT, Han S, Choi MH, Park EK, Kim IS, Kim JE. Gulp1 deficiency augments bone mass in male mice by affecting osteoclasts due to elevated 17β-estradiol levels. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1006-1019. [PMID: 36870066 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The engulfment adaptor phosphotyrosine-binding domain containing 1 (GULP1) is an adaptor protein involved in the engulfment of apoptotic cells via phagocytosis. Gulp1 was first found to promote the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages, and its role in various tissues, including neurons and ovaries, has been well studied. However, the expression and function of GULP1 in bone tissue are poorly understood. Consequently, to determine whether GULP1 plays a role in the regulation of bone remodeling in vitro and in vivo, we generated Gulp1 knockout (KO) mice. Gulp1 was expressed in bone tissue, mainly in osteoblasts, while its expression is very low in osteoclasts. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry analysis in 8-week-old male Gulp1 KO mice revealed a high bone mass in comparison with male wild-type (WT) mice. This was a result of decreased osteoclast differentiation and function in vivo and in vitro as confirmed by a reduced actin ring and microtubule formation in osteoclasts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis further showed that both 17β-estradiol (E2) and 2-hydroxyestradiol levels, and the E2/testosterone metabolic ratio, reflecting aromatase activity, were also higher in the bone marrow of male Gulp1 KO mice than in male WT mice. Consistent with mass spectrometry analysis, aromatase enzymatic activity was significantly higher in the bone marrow of male Gulp1 KO mice. Altogether, our results suggest that GULP1 deficiency decreases the differentiation and function of osteoclasts themselves and increases sex steroid hormone-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and function, rather than affecting osteoblasts, resulting in a high bone mass in male mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the direct and indirect roles of GULP1 in bone remodeling, providing new insights into its regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Il Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyun Han
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-San Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Shishkina E, Shuiskaya A, Sharagin P. Bone marrow dosimetry for mice: exposure from bone-seeking 89,90Sr. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2023; 62:131-142. [PMID: 36574034 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-022-01010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies of radiobiological effects in murine rodents exposed to internal radiation in the wild or in laboratory experiments require dosimetric support. The main problem of bone marrow (BM) dosimetry for bone-seeking β-emitters is dosimetric modeling, because the bone is a heterogeneous structure with complex microarchitecture. To date, there are several approaches to calculating the absorbed dose in BM, which mostly use rough geometric approximations. Recently, in the framework of studies of people exposed to 90Sr in the Urals, a new approach (SPSD) has been developed. The aim of the current study was to test for the first time the possibility of extension of the SPSD approach elaborated for humans to mice. For this, computational phantoms of femur bones of laboratory animals (C57BL/6, C57BL/6 J, BALB/c, BALB/cJ) aged 5-8 weeks (growing) and > 8 weeks (adults) were created. The dose factors DFSr-90(BM ← TBV + CBV) to convert the Sr isotope activity concentration in a bone tissue into units of dose rate absorbed in the bone marrow were 1.75 ± 0.42 and 2.57 ± 0.93 μGy day-1 per Bq g-1 for growing and adult animals, respectively, while corresponding values for DFSr-89(BM ← TBV + CBV) were 1.08 ± 0.27 and 1.66 ± 0.67 μGy day-1 per Bq g-1, respectively. These results are about 2.5 times lower than skeleton-average DFs calculated assuming homogenous bone, where source and target coincide. The results of the present study demonstrate the possibility of application of the SPSD approach elaborated for humans to non-human mammals. It is concluded that the study demonstrates the feasibility and appropriateness of application of the SPSD approach elaborated for humans to non-human mammals. This approach opens up new prospects for studying the radiobiological consequences of red bone marrow exposure for both laboratory and wildlife mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shishkina
- Chelyabinsk State University, 129 Bratiev Kashirinykh Str., 454001, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454124, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - Alina Shuiskaya
- Chelyabinsk State University, 129 Bratiev Kashirinykh Str., 454001, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Sharagin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454124, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Ko FC, Jochum SB, Wilson BM, Adra A, Patel N, Lee H, Wilber S, Shaikh M, Forsyth C, Keshavarzian A, Swanson GR, Sumner DR. Colon epithelial cell-specific Bmal1 deletion impairs bone formation in mice. Bone 2023; 168:116650. [PMID: 36584784 PMCID: PMC9911378 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock system regulates multiple metabolic processes, including bone metabolism. Previous studies have demonstrated that both central and peripheral circadian signaling regulate skeletal growth and homeostasis in mice. Disruption in central circadian rhythms has been associated with a decline in bone mineral density in humans and the global and osteoblast-specific disruption of clock genes in bone tissue leads to lower bone mass in mice. Gut physiology is highly sensitive to circadian disruption. Since the gut is also known to affect bone remodeling, we sought to test the hypothesis that circadian signaling disruption in colon epithelial cells affects bone. We therefore assessed structural, functional, and cellular properties of bone in 8 week old Ts4-Cre and Ts4-Cre;Bmal1fl/fl (cBmalKO) mice, where the clock gene Bmal1 is deleted in colon epithelial cells. Axial and appendicular trabecular bone volume was significantly lower in cBmalKO compared to Ts4-Cre 8-week old mice in a sex-dependent fashion, with male but not female mice showing the phenotype. Similarly, the whole bone mechanical properties were deteriorated in cBmalKO male mice. The tissue level mechanisms involved suppressed bone formation with normal resorption, as evidenced by serum markers and dynamic histomorphometry. Our studies demonstrate that colon epithelial cell-specific deletion of Bmal1 leads to failure to acquire trabecular and cortical bone in male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Ko
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America.
| | - Sarah B Jochum
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Brittany M Wilson
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Amal Adra
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Nikhil Patel
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Sherry Wilber
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Christopher Forsyth
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Garth R Swanson
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - D Rick Sumner
- Department of Anatomy& Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Ben Tahar S, Garnier J, Eller K, DiMauro N, Piet J, Mehta S, Bajpayee AG, Shefelbine SJ. Adolescent obesity incurs adult skeletal deficits in murine induced obesity model. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:386-395. [PMID: 35578981 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent obesity has risen dramatically in the last few decades. While adult obesity may be osteoprotective, the effects of obesity during adolescence, which is a period of massive bone accrual, are not clear. We used a murine model of induced adolescent obesity to examine the structural, mechanical, and compositional differences between obese and healthy weight bone in 16-week-old female C57Bl6 mice. We also examined the effects of a return to normal weight after skeletal maturity (24 weeks old). We found obese adolescent bone exhibited decreased trabecular bone volume, increased cortical diameter, increased ultimate stress, and increased brittleness (decreased plastic energy to fracture), similar to an aging phenotype. The trabecular bone deficits remained after return to normal weight after skeletal maturity. However, after returning to normal diet, there was no difference in ultimate stress nor plastic energy to fracture between groups as the normal diet group increased ultimate stress and brittleness. Interestingly, compositional changes appeared in the former high-fat diet mice after skeletal maturity with a lower mineral to matrix ratio compared to normal diet mice. In addition there was a trend toward increased fluorescent advanced glycation endproducts in the former high-fat diet mice compared to normal diet mice but this did not reach significance (p < 0.05) due to the large variability. The skeletal consequences of adolescent obesity may have lasting implications for the adult skeleton even after return to normal weight. Given the rates of adolescent obesity, skeletal health should be a concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha Ben Tahar
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julien Garnier
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kerry Eller
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicole DiMauro
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Judith Piet
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shihkar Mehta
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ambika G Bajpayee
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandra J Shefelbine
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Le Henaff C, Finnie B, Pacheco M, He Z, Johnson J, Partridge NC. Abaloparatide Has the Same Catabolic Effects on Bones of Mice When Infused as PTH (1-34). JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10710. [PMID: 36751417 PMCID: PMC9893269 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abaloparatide is a peptide analog of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP 1-34) and was approved in 2017 as the second osteoanabolic peptide for treating osteoporosis. We previously showed that intermittent abaloparatide is equally as effective as PTH (1-34). This study was designed to compare the catabolic effects of PTH (1-34) and abaloparatide on bone in young female wild-type mice. Two-month-old C57Bl/6J female mice were continuously infused with human PTH (1-34) or abaloparatide at 80 μg/kg BW/day or vehicle for 2 weeks. At euthanasia, DEXA-PIXImus was performed to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in the whole body, femurs, tibiae, and vertebrae. Bone turnover marker levels were measured in sera, femurs were harvested for micro-computer tomography (μCT) analyses and histomorphometry, and tibiae were separated into cortical and trabecular fractions for gene expression analyses. Our results demonstrated that the infusion of abaloparatide resulted in a similar decrease in BMD as infused PTH (1-34) at all sites. μCT and histomorphometry analyses showed similar decreases in cortical bone thickness and BMD associated with an increase in bone turnover from the increased bone formation rate found by in vivo double labeling and serum P1NP and increased bone resorption as shown by osteoclast numbers and serum cross-linked C-telopeptide. Trabecular bone did not show major changes with either treatment. Osteoblastic gene expression analyses of trabecular and cortical bone revealed that infusion of PTH (1-34) or abaloparatide led to similar and different actions in genes of osteoblast differentiation and activity. As with intermittent and in vitro treatment, both infused PTH (1-34) and abaloparatide similarly regulated downstream genes of the PTHR1/SIK/HDAC4 pathway such as Sost and Mmp13 but differed for those of the PTHR1/SIK/CRTC pathway. Taken together, at the same dose, infused abaloparatide causes the same high bone turnover as infused PTH (1-34) with a net resorption in female wild-type mice. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Le Henaff
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology New York University College of Dentistry New York New York USA
| | - Brandon Finnie
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology New York University College of Dentistry New York New York USA
| | - Maria Pacheco
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology New York University College of Dentistry New York New York USA
| | - Zhiming He
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology New York University College of Dentistry New York New York USA
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology New York University College of Dentistry New York New York USA
| | - Nicola C Partridge
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology New York University College of Dentistry New York New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Cunningham HC, Orr S, Murugesh DK, Hsia AW, Osipov B, Go L, Wu PH, Wong A, Loots GG, Kazakia GJ, Christiansen BA. Differential bone adaptation to mechanical unloading and reloading in young, old, and osteocyte deficient mice. Bone 2023; 167:116646. [PMID: 36529445 PMCID: PMC10077944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical unloading causes rapid loss of bone structure and strength, which gradually recovers after resuming normal loading. However, it is not well established how this adaptation to unloading and reloading changes with age. Clinically, elderly patients are more prone to musculoskeletal injury and longer periods of bedrest, therefore it is important to understand how periods of disuse will affect overall skeletal health of aged subjects. Bone also undergoes an age-related decrease in osteocyte density, which may impair mechanoresponsiveness. In this study, we examined bone adaptation during unloading and subsequent reloading in mice. Specifically, we examined the differences in bone adaptation between young mice (3-month-old), old mice (18-month-old), and transgenic mice that exhibit diminished osteocyte density at a young age (3-month-old BCL-2 transgenic mice). Mice underwent 14 days of hindlimb unloading followed by up to 14 days of reloading. We analyzed trabecular and cortical bone structure in the femur, mechanical properties of the femoral cortical diaphysis, osteocyte density and cell death in cortical bone, and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. We found that young mice lost ~10% cortical bone volume and 27-42% trabecular bone volume during unloading and early reloading, with modest recovery of metaphyseal trabecular bone and near total recovery of epiphyseal trabecular bone, but no recovery of cortical bone after 14 days of reloading. Old mice lost 12-14% cortical bone volume and 35-50% trabecular bone volume during unloading and early reloading but had diminished recovery of trabecular bone during reloading and no recovery of cortical bone. In BCL-2 transgenic mice, no cortical bone loss was observed during unloading or reloading, but 28-31% trabecular bone loss occurred during unloading and early reloading, with little to no recovery during reloading. No significant differences in circulating inflammatory cytokine levels were observed due to unloading and reloading in any of the experimental groups. These results illustrate important differences in bone adaptation in older and osteocyte deficient mice, suggesting a possible period of vulnerability in skeletal health in older subjects during and following a period of disuse that may affect skeletal health in elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailey C Cunningham
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Suite 2301, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America
| | - Sophie Orr
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Suite 2301, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America
| | - Deepa K Murugesh
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Allison W Hsia
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Suite 2301, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Osipov
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Suite 2301, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America
| | - Lauren Go
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Bldg B, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States of America
| | - Po Hung Wu
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Bldg B, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States of America
| | - Alice Wong
- University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Dr, Bldg VM3A, Rm 4206, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Gabriela G Loots
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Suite 2301, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Galateia J Kazakia
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Bldg B, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States of America
| | - Blaine A Christiansen
- University of California Davis Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Suite 2301, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Long-Term Cola Intake Does Not Cause Evident Pathological Alterations in the Femoral Bone Microstructure: An Animal Study in Adult Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030583. [PMID: 36771291 PMCID: PMC9920312 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-term animal experiments and association studies in humans have shown that cola intake may have a detrimental impact on bone mineral density (BMD); however, other bone parameters have not been investigated. This study examined the effects of long-term cola consumption on the femoral bone microstructure using adult mice (n = 32) as an animal model, which were divided into water and cola groups depending on whether they received water or cola along with a standard rodent diet for 6 months. Micro-computed tomography revealed that cola intake did not significantly affect all measured parameters characterizing trabecular bone mass and microarchitecture, as well as cortical microarchitecture and geometry in both sexes, although a slight deterioration of these parameters was noted. Cola consumption also resulted in a slightly, statistically insignificant worsening of bone mechanical properties. In contrast to female mice, males receiving cola had a lower area of primary osteons' vascular canals. Nevertheless, long-term cola intake did not cause evident pathological alterations in the femur of adult mice, possibly due to a balanced diet and no restriction of physical activity. Therefore, the adverse effects of cola consumption on BMD, the only bone parameter studied so far, may be caused by other risk and lifestyle factors.
Collapse
|
63
|
Pedrazza L, Martinez-Martinez A, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Valer JA, Pimenta-Lopes C, Sala-Gaston J, Szpak M, Tyler-Smith C, Ventura F, Rosa JL. HERC1 deficiency causes osteopenia through transcriptional program dysregulation during bone remodeling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 36635269 PMCID: PMC9837143 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a continuous process between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts, with any imbalance resulting in metabolic bone disease, including osteopenia. The HERC1 gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that affects cellular processes by regulating the ubiquitination of target proteins, such as C-RAF. Of interest, an association exists between biallelic pathogenic sequence variants in the HERC1 gene and the neurodevelopmental disorder MDFPMR syndrome (macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation). Most pathogenic variants cause loss of HERC1 function, and the affected individuals present with features related to altered bone homeostasis. Herc1-knockout mice offer an excellent model in which to study the role of HERC1 in bone remodeling and to understand its role in disease. In this study, we show that HERC1 regulates osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, proving that its depletion increases gene expression of osteoblastic makers during the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. During this process, HERC1 deficiency increases the levels of C-RAF and of phosphorylated ERK and p38. The Herc1-knockout adult mice developed imbalanced bone homeostasis that presented as osteopenia in both sexes of the adult mice. By contrast, only young female knockout mice had osteopenia and increased number of osteoclasts, with the changes associated with reductions in testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels. Finally, osteocytes isolated from knockout mice showed a higher expression of osteocytic genes and an increase in the Rankl/Opg ratio, indicating a relevant cell-autonomous role of HERC1 when regulating the transcriptional program of bone formation. Overall, these findings present HERC1 as a modulator of bone homeostasis and highlight potential therapeutic targets for individuals affected by pathological HERC1 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pedrazza
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Arturo Martinez-Martinez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Antonio Valer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carolina Pimenta-Lopes
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Joan Sala-Gaston
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Michal Szpak
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Yu D, Zhang S, Ma C, Huang S, Xu L, Liang J, Li H, Fan Q, Liu G, Zhai Z. CCL3 in the bone marrow microenvironment causes bone loss and bone marrow adiposity in aged mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:159107. [PMID: 36378535 PMCID: PMC9870077 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The central physiological role of the bone marrow renders bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) particularly sensitive to aging. With bone aging, BMSCs acquire a differentiation potential bias in favor of adipogenesis over osteogenesis, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the factors underlying age-related changes in the bone marrow and their roles in BMSCs' differentiation. Antibody array revealed that CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) accumulation occurred in the serum of naturally aged mice along with bone aging phenotypes, including bone loss, bone marrow adiposity, and imbalanced BMSC differentiation. In vivo Ccl3 deletion could rescue these phenotypes in aged mice. CCL3 improved the adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs, with a positive feedback loop between CCL3 and C/EBPα. CCL3 activated C/EBPα expression via STAT3, while C/EBPα activated CCL3 expression through direct promoter binding, facilitated by DNA hypomethylation. Moreover, CCL3 inhibited BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation potential by blocking β-catenin activity mediated by ERK-activated Dickkopf-related protein 1 upregulation. Blocking CCL3 in vivo via neutralizing antibodies ameliorated trabecular bone loss and bone marrow adiposity in aged mice. This study provides insights regarding age-related bone loss and bone marrow adiposity pathogenesis and lays a foundation for the identification of new targets for senile osteoporosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Degang Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; and Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; and Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; and Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; and Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huiwu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangwang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; and Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zanjing Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Carson MD, Warner AJ, Hathaway-Schrader JD, Geiser VL, Kim J, Gerasco JE, Hill WD, Lemasters JJ, Alekseyenko AV, Wu Y, Yao H, Aguirre JI, Westwater C, Novince CM. Minocycline-induced disruption of the intestinal FXR/FGF15 axis impairs osteogenesis in mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:160578. [PMID: 36413391 PMCID: PMC9870091 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-induced shifts in the indigenous gut microbiota influence normal skeletal maturation. Current theory implies that gut microbiota actions on bone occur through a direct gut/bone signaling axis. However, our prior work supports that a gut/liver signaling axis contributes to gut microbiota effects on bone. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of minocycline, a systemic antibiotic treatment for adolescent acne, on pubertal/postpubertal skeletal maturation. Sex-matched specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) C57BL/6T mice were administered a clinically relevant minocycline dose from age 6-12 weeks. Minocycline caused dysbiotic shifts in the gut bacteriome and impaired skeletal maturation in SPF mice but did not alter the skeletal phenotype in GF mice. Minocycline administration in SPF mice disrupted the intestinal farnesoid X receptor/fibroblast growth factor 15 axis, a gut/liver endocrine axis supporting systemic bile acid homeostasis. Minocycline-treated SPF mice had increased serum conjugated bile acids that were farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists, suppressed osteoblast function, decreased bone mass, and impaired bone microarchitecture and fracture resistance. Stimulating osteoblasts with the serum bile acid profile from minocycline-treated SPF mice recapitulated the suppressed osteogenic phenotype found in vivo, which was mediated through attenuated FXR signaling. This work introduces bile acids as a potentially novel mediator of gut/liver signaling actions contributing to gut microbiota effects on bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Carson
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine.,Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine
| | - Amy J Warner
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine.,Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine
| | - Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine.,Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine
| | - Vincenza L Geiser
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine.,Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine
| | - Joseph Kim
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine.,Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine
| | - Joy E Gerasco
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy
| | - William D Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - John J Lemasters
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine
| | - Alexander V Alekseyenko
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Biomedical Informatics Center, Program for Human Microbiome Research, Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine.,Department of Healthcare Leadership and Management, College of Health Professions; and
| | - Yongren Wu
- Department of Orthopedics & Physical Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hai Yao
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - J Ignacio Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Caroline Westwater
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine.,Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Li Q, Wang R, Zhang Z, Wang H, Lu X, Zhang J, Kong APS, Tian XY, Chan HF, Chung ACK, Cheng JCY, Jiang Q, Lee WYW. Sirt3 mediates the benefits of exercise on bone in aged mice. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:152-167. [PMID: 36153410 PMCID: PMC9883264 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01053-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise in later life is important for bone health and delays the progression of osteoporotic bone loss. Osteocytes are the major bone cells responsible for transforming mechanical stimuli into cellular signals through their highly specialized lacunocanalicular networks (LCN). Osteocyte activity and LCN degenerate with aging, thus might impair the effectiveness of exercise on bone health; however, the underlying mechanism and clinical implications remain elusive. Herein, we showed that deletion of Sirt3 in osteocytes could impair the formation of osteocyte dendritic processes and inhibit bone gain in response to exercise in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that Sirt3 regulates E11/gp38 through the protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. Additionally, the Sirt3 activator honokiol enhanced the sensitivity of osteocytes to fluid shear stress in vitro, and intraperitoneal injection of honokiol reduced bone loss in aged mice in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, Sirt3 in osteocytes regulates bone mass and mechanical responses through the regulation of E11/gp38. Therefore, targeting Sirt3 could be a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent age-related bone loss and augment the benefits of exercise on the senescent skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haixing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alice Pik-Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hon-Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arthur Chi-Kong Chung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Lawenius L, Cowardin C, Grahnemo L, Scheffler JM, Horkeby K, Engdahl C, Wu J, Vandenput L, Koskela A, Tukkanen J, Coward E, Hveem K, Langhammer A, Abrahamsson S, Gordon JI, Sjögren K, Ohlsson C. Transplantation of gut microbiota from old mice into young healthy mice reduces lean mass but not bone mass. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2236755. [PMID: 37475479 PMCID: PMC10364652 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with low bone and lean mass as well as alterations in the gut microbiota (GM). In this study, we determined whether the reduced bone mass and relative lean mass observed in old mice could be transferred to healthy young mice by GM transplantation (GMT). GM from old (21-month-old) and young adult (5-month-old) donors was used to colonize germ-free (GF) mice in three separate studies involving still growing 5- or 11-week-old recipients and 17-week-old recipients with minimal bone growth. The GM of the recipient mice was similar to that of the donors, demonstrating successful GMT. GM from old mice did not have statistically significant effects on bone mass or bone strength, but significantly reduced the lean mass percentage of still growing recipient mice when compared with recipients of GM from young adult mice. The levels of propionate in the cecum of mice receiving old donor GM were significantly lower than those in mice receiving young adult donor GM. Bacteroides ovatus was enriched in the microbiota of recipient mice harboring GM from young adult donors. The presence of B. ovatus was not only significantly associated with high lean mass percentage in mice, but also with lean mass adjusted for fat mass in the large human HUNT cohort. In conclusion, GM from old mice reduces lean mass percentage but not bone mass in young, healthy, still growing recipient mice. Future studies are warranted to determine whether GM from young mice improves the musculoskeletal phenotype of frail elderly recipient mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lawenius
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carrie Cowardin
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia M. Scheffler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eivind Coward
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Sanna Abrahamsson
- Bioinformatics and Data Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey I. Gordon
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
DeNapoli RC, Buettmann EG, Friedman MA, Lichtman AH, Donahue HJ. Global cannabinoid receptor 1 deficiency affects disuse-induced bone loss in a site-specific and sex-dependent manner. J Biomech 2023; 146:111414. [PMID: 36542906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone loss during mechanical unloading increases fracture risk and is a major concern for the general population and astronauts during spaceflight. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in bone metabolism. One of the main ECS receptors, cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), has been studied in regards to basic bone metabolism; however, little is known as to how CB1 and the ECS affect bone in different mechanical environments. In this study, we analyzed the influence of global CB1 deficiency and sex on mice during disuse caused by single limb immobilization. Female mice were more sensitive to disuse-induced BV/TV loss than males in both the femoral metaphysis and tibial epiphysis. Genotype also affected bone loss in a sex-dependent manner, with male mice deficient in CB1 receptors (CB1KO) and female wildtype (WT) mice experiencing increased bone loss in both the tibial metaphysis and femoral epiphysis. Genotype affected the response to disuse as CB1KO mice displayed greater changes in femoral ultimate force, along with lower tibial ultimate stress, compared to WT mice. Female mice had a significantly higher femoral, and lower tibial ultimate force compared to male mice. These results reveal that disuse-induced bone loss due to CB1 deficiency is sex-dependent. CB1 deficiency in male mice exacerbated bone loss, while in females CB1 deficiency appeared to protect against disuse-induced bone loss. Regardless of genotype, female mice were more sensitive than males to disuse. These results suggest that CB1 receptors may represent a potential therapeutic target for mitigation of disuse-induced bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C DeNapoli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Engineering Research Building, 401 West Main Street Room 4322B, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.
| | - Evan G Buettmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Engineering Research Building, 401 West Main Street Room 4322B, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.
| | - Michael A Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Engineering Research Building, 401 West Main Street Room 4322B, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.
| | - Aron H Lichtman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth Universit, Molecular Medicine Research Building, Room 3042, 1220 East Broad Street, Box 980613, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Henry J Donahue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Engineering Research Building, 401 West Main Street Room 4322B, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Sharma A, Michels LV, Pitsillides AA, Greeves J, Plotkin LI, Cardo V, Sims NA, Clarkin CE. Sexing Bones: Improving Transparency of Sex Reporting to Address Bias Within Preclinical Studies. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:5-13. [PMID: 36301601 PMCID: PMC10099537 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite knowledge that sexually dimorphic mechanisms regulate bone homeostasis, sex often remains unreported and unconsidered in preclinical experimental design. Failure to report sex could lead to inappropriate generalizations of research findings and less effective translation into clinical practice. Preclinical sex bias (preferential selection of one sex) is present across other fields, including neuroscience and immunology, but remains uninvestigated in skeletal research. For context, we first summarized key literature describing sexually dimorphic bone phenotypes in mice. We then investigated sex reporting practices in skeletal research, specifically how customary it is for murine sex to be included in journal article titles or abstracts and then determined whether any bias in sex reporting exists. Because sex hormones are important regulators of bone health (gonadectomy procedures, ie, ovariectomy [OVX] and orchidectomy [ORX], are common yet typically not reported with sex), we incorporated reporting of OVX and ORX terms, representing female and male mice, respectively, into our investigations around sex bias. Between 1999 and 2020, inclusion of sex in titles or abstracts was low in murine skeletal studies (2.6%-4.06%). Reporting of OVX and ORX terms was low (1.44%-2.64%) and reporting of OVX and ORX with sex uncommon (0.4%-0.3%). When studies were combined to include both sexes and OVX (representing female) and ORX terms (representing male), a bias toward reporting of female mice was evident. However, when the terms OVX and ORX were removed, a bias toward the use of male mice was identified. Thus, studies focusing on sex hormones are biased toward female reporting with all other studies biased in reporting of male mice. We now call upon journal editors to introduce consistent guidance for transparent and accessible reporting of murine sex in skeletal research to better monitor preclinical sex bias, to diversify development of treatments for bone health, and to enable global skeletal health equity. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aikta Sharma
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lysanne V Michels
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew A Pitsillides
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Julie Greeves
- Army Health and Performance Research, Ministry of Defence, Andover, UK
| | - Lillian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Valentina Cardo
- Winchester School of Art, University of Southampton, Winchester, UK
| | - Natalie A Sims
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Claire E Clarkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Bott KN, Feldman E, de Souza RJ, Comelli EM, Klentrou P, Peters SJ, Ward WE. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Bone Loss in Rodent Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:198-213. [PMID: 36401814 PMCID: PMC10107812 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis has traditionally been characterized by underlying endocrine mechanisms, though evidence indicates a role of inflammation in its pathophysiology. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of gram-negative bacteria that reside in the intestines, can be released into circulation and stimulate the immune system, upregulating bone resorption. Exogenous LPS is used in rodent models to study the effect of systemic inflammation on bone, and to date a variety of different doses, routes, and durations of LPS administration have been used. The study objective was to determine whether systemic administration of LPS induced inflammatory bone loss in rodent models. A systematic search of Medline and four other databases resulted in a total of 110 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) with a random-effects meta-analyses were used for bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD). Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. Shorter-term (<2 weeks) and longer-term (>2 weeks) LPS interventions were analyzed separately because of intractable study design differences. BV/TV was significantly reduced in both shorter-term (SMD = -3.79%, 95% CI [-4.20, -3.38], I2 62%; p < 0.01) and longer-term (SMD = -1.50%, 95% CI [-2.00, -1.00], I2 78%; p < 0.01) studies. vBMD was also reduced in both shorter-term (SMD = -3.11%, 95% CI [-3.78, -2.44]; I2 72%; p < 0.01) and longer-term (SMD = -3.49%, 95% CI [-4.94, -2.04], I2 82%; p < 0.01) studies. In both groups, regardless of duration, LPS negatively impacted trabecular bone structure but not cortical bone structure, and an upregulation in bone resorption demonstrated by bone cell staining and serum biomarkers was reported. This suggests systemically delivered exogenous LPS in rodents is a viable model for studying inflammatory bone loss, particularly in trabecular bone. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten N Bott
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Evelyn Feldman
- Lakehead University Library, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elena M Comelli
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra J Peters
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy E Ward
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Mitchell CA, Verovskaya EV, Calero-Nieto FJ, Olson OC, Swann JW, Wang X, Hérault A, Dellorusso PV, Zhang SY, Svendsen AF, Pietras EM, Bakker ST, Ho TT, Göttgens B, Passegué E. Stromal niche inflammation mediated by IL-1 signalling is a targetable driver of haematopoietic ageing. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:30-41. [PMID: 36650381 PMCID: PMC7614279 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoietic ageing is marked by a loss of regenerative capacity and skewed differentiation from haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leading to impaired blood production. Signals from the bone marrow niche tailor blood production, but the contribution of the old niche to haematopoietic ageing remains unclear. Here we characterize the inflammatory milieu that drives both niche and haematopoietic remodelling. We find decreased numbers and functionality of osteoprogenitors at the endosteum and expansion of central marrow LepR+ mesenchymal stromal cells associated with deterioration of the sinusoidal vasculature. Together, they create a degraded and inflamed old bone marrow niche. Niche inflammation in turn drives the chronic activation of emergency myelopoiesis pathways in old HSCs and multipotent progenitors, which promotes myeloid differentiation and hinders haematopoietic regeneration. Moreover, we show how production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by the damaged endosteum acts in trans to drive the proinflammatory nature of the central marrow, with damaging consequences for the old blood system. Notably, niche deterioration, HSC dysfunction and defective regeneration can all be ameliorated by blocking IL-1 signalling. Our results demonstrate that targeting IL-1 as a key mediator of niche inflammation is a tractable strategy to improve blood production during ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Mitchell
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evgenia V Verovskaya
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oakley C Olson
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James W Swann
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aurélie Hérault
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul V Dellorusso
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Si Yi Zhang
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arthur Flohr Svendsen
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric M Pietras
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sietske T Bakker
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Theodore T Ho
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Wong CP, Branscum AJ, Fichter AR, Sargent J, Iwaniec UT, Turner RT. Cold stress during room temperature housing alters skeletal response to simulated microgravity (hindlimb unloading) in growing female C57BL6 mice. Biochimie 2022:S0300-9084(22)00333-9. [PMID: 36584865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory mice are typically housed at temperatures below the thermoneutral zone for the species, resulting in cold stress and premature cancellous bone loss. Furthermore, mice are more dependent upon non-shivering thermogenesis to maintain body temperature during spaceflight, suggesting that microgravity-induced bone loss may be due, in part, to altered thermogenesis. Consequently, we assessed whether housing mice at room temperature modifies the skeletal response to simulated microgravity. This possibility was tested using the hindlimb unloading (HLU) model to mechanically unload femora. Humeri were also assessed as they remain weight bearing during HLU. Six-week-old female C57BL6 (B6) mice were housed at room temperature (22 °C) or near thermoneutral (32 °C) and HLU for 2 weeks. Compared to baseline, HLU resulted in cortical bone loss in femur, but the magnitude of reduction was greater in mice housed at 22 °C. Cancellous osteopenia in distal femur (metaphysis and epiphysis) was noted in HLU mice housed at both temperatures. However, bone loss occurred at 22 °C, whereas the bone deficit at 32 °C was due to failure to accrue bone. HLU resulted in cortical and cancellous bone deficits (compared to baseline) in humeri of mice housed at 22 °C. In contrast, fewer osteopenic changes were detected in mice housed at 32 °C. These findings support the hypothesis that environmental temperature alters the skeletal response to HLU in growing female mice in a bone compartment-specific manner. Taken together, species differences in thermoregulation should be taken into consideration when interpreting the skeletal response to simulated microgravity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen P Wong
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Adam J Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Aidan R Fichter
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Jennifer Sargent
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Russell T Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Assessment of Bone Microstructure by Micro CT in C57BL/6J Mice for Sex-Specific Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314585. [PMID: 36498911 PMCID: PMC9735535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains uncertain which skeletal sites and parameters should be analyzed in rodent studies evaluating bone health and disease. In this cross-sectional mouse study using micro-computed tomography (µCT), we explored: (1) which microstructural parameters can be used to discriminate female from male bones and (2) whether it is meaningful to evaluate more than one bone site. Microstructural parameters of the trabecular and/or cortical compartments of the femur, tibia, thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies, and skull were evaluated by µCT in 10 female and 10 male six-month-old C57BL/6J mice. The trabecular number (TbN) was significantly higher, while the trabecular separation (TbSp) was significantly lower in male compared to female mice at all skeletal sites assessed. Overall, bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) was also significantly higher in male vs. female mice (except for the thoracic spine, which did not differ by sex). Most parameters of the cortical bone microstructure did not differ between male and female mice. BV/TV, TbN, and TbSp at the femur, and TbN and TbSp at the tibia and lumbar spine could fully (100%) discriminate female from male bones. Cortical thickness (CtTh) at the femur was the best parameter to detect sex differences in the cortical compartment (AUC = 0.914). In 6-month-old C57BL/6J mice, BV/TV, TbN, and TbSp can be used to distinguish male from female bones. Whenever it is not possible to assess multiple bone sites, we propose to evaluate the bone microstructure of the femur for detecting potential sex differences.
Collapse
|
74
|
Kitase Y, Vallejo JA, Dallas SL, Xie Y, Dallas M, Tiede-Lewis L, Moore D, Meljanac A, Kumar C, Zhao C, Rosser J, Brotto M, Johnson ML, Liu Z, Wacker MJ, Bonewald L. Body weight influences musculoskeletal adaptation to long-term voluntary wheel running during aging in female mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 15:308-352. [PMID: 36403149 PMCID: PMC9925690 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Frailty is the hallmark of aging that can be delayed with exercise. The present studies were initiated based on the hypothesis that long-term voluntary wheel running (VWR) in female mice from 12 to 18 or 22 months of age would have beneficial effects on the musculoskeletal system. Mice were separated into high (HBW) and low (LBW) body weight based on final body weights upon termination of experiments. Bone marrow fat was significantly higher in HBW than LBW under sedentary conditions, but not with VWR. HBW was more protective for soleus size and function than LBW under sedentary conditions, however VWR increased soleus size and function regardless of body weight. VWR plus HBW was more protective against muscle loss with aging. Similar effects of VWR plus HBW were observed with the extensor digitorum longus, EDL, however, LBW with VWR was beneficial in improving EDL fatigue resistance in 18 mo mice and was more beneficial with regards to muscle production of bone protective factors. VWR plus HBW maintained bone in aged animals. In summary, HBW had a more beneficial effect on muscle and bone with aging especially in combination with exercise. These effects were independent of bone marrow fat, suggesting that intrinsic musculoskeletal adaptions were responsible for these beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kitase
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Julian A. Vallejo
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Sarah L. Dallas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Yixia Xie
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Mark Dallas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - LeAnn Tiede-Lewis
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - David Moore
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Anthony Meljanac
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Corrine Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Carrie Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jennifer Rosser
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Mark L. Johnson
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Ziyue Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael J. Wacker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Lynda Bonewald
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Esteban-Lopez M, Wilson KJ, Myhr C, Kaftanovskaya EM, Henderson MJ, Southall NT, Xu X, Wang A, Hu X, Barnaeva E, Ye W, George ER, Sherrill JT, Ferrer M, Morello R, Agoulnik IU, Marugan JJ, Agoulnik AI. Discovery of small molecule agonists of the Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 2. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1183. [PMCID: PMC9636434 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2) belongs to the family of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and it is the only known target for the insulin-like factor 3 peptide (INSL3). The importance of this ligand-receptor pair in the development of the gubernacular ligament during the transabdominal phase of testicular descent is well established. More recently, RXFP2 has been implicated in maintaining healthy bone formation. In this report, we describe the discovery of a small molecule series of RXFP2 agonists. These compounds are highly potent, efficacious, and selective RXFP2 allosteric agonists that induce gubernacular invagination in mouse embryos, increase mineralization activity in human osteoblasts in vitro, and improve bone trabecular parameters in adult mice. The described RXFP2 agonists are orally bioavailable and display favorable pharmacokinetic properties, which allow for future evaluation of the therapeutic benefits of modulating RXFP2 activation in disease models. Specific small molecule RXFP2 agonists with favorable pharmacokinetic properties induce gubernacular invagination in mouse embryos, increase mineralization activity in human osteoblasts in vitro, and improve bone trabecular parameters in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Esteban-Lopez
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Kenneth J. Wilson
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Courtney Myhr
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Elena M. Kaftanovskaya
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Mark J. Henderson
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Noel T. Southall
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Xin Xu
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Amy Wang
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Xin Hu
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Elena Barnaeva
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Wenjuan Ye
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Emmett R. George
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - John T. Sherrill
- grid.241054.60000 0004 4687 1637Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Roy Morello
- grid.241054.60000 0004 4687 1637Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | - Irina U. Agoulnik
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA ,grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Juan J. Marugan
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Alexander I. Agoulnik
- grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA ,grid.65456.340000 0001 2110 1845Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Khass M, Rashid H, Burrows PD, Javed A, Schroeder HW. Loss of early B cell protein λ5 decreases bone mass and accelerates skeletal aging. Front Immunol 2022; 13:906649. [PMID: 36189270 PMCID: PMC9516392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The early B cell protein λ5 is an essential component of the surrogate light chain and the preB cell receptor (preBCR), which is critical for optimal B cell development. To investigate the effect of λ5 and/or B cells on bone acquisition over time, we developed a panel of JH -/- , λ5-/-, JH -/- λ5-/-, and wild-type (WT) BALB/c mice and then studied postnatal bone development and aging in these mice at one, six, twelve, and twenty-two months of age. The trabecular bone volume over total volume (BV/TV) in JH -/- mice was similar to WT mice at all ages. In contrast, at six months of age and thereafter, λ5-/- and JH -/- λ5-/- mice demonstrated a severe decrease in trabecular bone mass. Surprisingly, bone mass in six-month-old λ5-/- and JH -/- λ5-/- mice was similar to or even lower than in aged (twenty-two-months) WT mice, suggesting accelerated skeletal aging. The postnatal development and the acquisition of cortical bone mass in JH -/- λ5-/- mice were generally comparable to WT. However, JH -/- λ5-/- mice showed a significant decrease in cortical BV/TV at six- and twelve months of age. To examine the contribution of λ5 and B cells to postnatal bone synthesis, we separately transplanted whole bone marrow cells from JH -/- λ5-/- and WT mice into irradiated JH -/- λ5-/- and WT recipients. WT recipients of JH -/- λ5-/- marrow cells failed to show acquisition of trabecular bone mass, whereas transplanting WT marrow cells into JH -/- λ5-/- recipients led to the recovery of trabecular bone mass. Transfer of WT marrow cells into JH -/- λ5-/- mice promoted synthesis of new cortical and trabecular bone. Our findings indicate that λ5 plays a major role in preserving bone mass during postnatal development and skeletal aging which is distinct from its role in B cell development. The absence of both λ5 and B cells in JH -/- λ5-/- mice leads to delayed acquisition of cortical bone during postnatal development. Dissecting the mechanism(s) by which λ5 regulates bone homeostasis may provide new avenues for the treatment of age-related loss of bone mass and osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Khass
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Harunur Rashid
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Peter D. Burrows
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Amjad Javed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Harry W. Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Hedjazi G, Guterman-Ram G, Blouin S, Schemenz V, Wagermaier W, Fratzl P, Hartmann MA, Zwerina J, Fratzl-Zelman N, Marini JC. Alterations of bone material properties in growing Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42 knock-in mice, a new model for atypical type VI osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone 2022; 162:116451. [PMID: 35654352 PMCID: PMC11162744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogenous group of heritable connective tissue disorders characterized by high bone fragility due to low bone mass and impaired bone material properties. Atypical type VI OI is an extremely rare and severe form of bone dysplasia resulting from a loss-of-function mutation (p.S40L) in IFITM5/BRIL,the causative gene of OI type V and decreased osteoblast secretion of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), as in OI type VI. It is not yet known which alterations at the material level might lead to such a severe phenotype. We therefore characterized bone tissue at the micrometer level in a novel heterozygous Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L knock-in murine model at 4 and 8 weeks of age. METHODS We evaluated in female mice, total body size, femoral and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In the femoral bone we examined osteoid deposition by light microscopy, assessed bone histomorphometry and mineralization density distribution by quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI). Osteocyte lacunae were examined by qBEI and the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Vasculature was examined indirectly by qBEI as 2D porosity in cortex, and as 3D porosity by micro-CT in third trochanter. Collagen orientation was examined by second harmonic generation microscopy. Two-way ANOVA was used to discriminate the effect of age and genotype. RESULTS Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L female mice are viable, do not differ in body size, fat and lean mass from wild type (WT) littermates but have lower whole-body, lumbar and femoral BMD and multiple fractures. The average and most frequent calcium concentration, CaMean and CaPeak, increased with age in metaphyseal and cortical bone in both genotypes and were always higher in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L than in WT, except CaMean in metaphysis at 4 weeks of age. The fraction of highly mineralized bone area, CaHigh, was also increased in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L metaphyseal bone at 8 weeks of age and at both ages in cortical bone. The fraction of lowly mineralized bone area, CaLow, decreased with age and was not higher in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L, consistent with lack of hyperosteoidosis on histological sections by visual exam. Osteocyte lacunae density was higher in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L than WT, whereas canalicular density was decreased. Indirect measurements of vascularity revealed a higher pore density at 4 weeks in cortical bone of Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L than in WT and at both ages in the third trochanter. Importantly, the proportion of bone area with disordered collagen fibrils was highly increased in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L at both ages. CONCLUSIONS Despite normal skeletal growth and the lack of a collagen gene mutation, the Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L mouse shows major OI-related bone tissue alterations such as hypermineralization of the matrix and elevated osteocyte porosity. Together with the disordered lacuno-canalicular network and the disordered collagen fibril orientation, these abnormalities likely contribute to overall bone fragility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Hedjazi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gali Guterman-Ram
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Stéphane Blouin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Schemenz
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagermaier
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus A Hartmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jochen Zwerina
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Fratzl-Zelman
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Canalis E, Yee SP, Economides AN, Schilling L, Yu J. Induction of a NOTCH3 Lehman syndrome mutation in osteocytes causes osteopenia in male C57BL/6J mice. Bone 2022; 162:116476. [PMID: 35760307 PMCID: PMC10870228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lateral Meningocele or Lehman Syndrome (LMS) is associated with NOTCH3 mutations causing deletions of the PEST domain and a gain-of-NOTCH3 function. We demonstrated that Notch3em1Ecan mice harboring Notch3 mutations analogous to those found in LMS are osteopenic because of enhanced bone resorption. To determine the contribution of specific cell lineages to the phenotype, we created a conditional-by-inversion (Notch3COIN) model termed Notch3em2Ecan in which Cre recombination generates a Notch3INV allele expressing a NOTCH3 mutant lacking the PEST domain. Germ line Notch3COIN inversion caused osteopenia and phenocopied the Notch3em1Ecan mutant, validating the model. To induce the mutation in osteocytes, smooth muscle and endothelial cells, Notch3COIN mice were bred with mice expressing Cre from the Dmp1, Sm22a and Cdh5 promoters, respectively, creating experimental mice harboring Notch3INV alleles in Cre-expressing cells and control littermates harboring Notch3COIN alleles. Notch3COIN inversion in osteocytes led to femoral and vertebral cancellous bone osteopenia, whereas Notch3COIN inversion in mural Sm22a or endothelial Cdh5-expressing cells did not result in a skeletal phenotype. In conclusion, introduction of the LMS mutation in osteocytes but not in vascular cells causes osteopenia and phenocopies Notch3em1Ecan global mutant mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Canalis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States.
| | - S P Yee
- Department of Cell Biology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - A N Economides
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10531, United States
| | - L Schilling
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - J Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Harnett MM, Doonan J, Lumb FE, Crowe J, Damink RO, Buitrago G, Duncombe-Moore J, Wilkinson DI, Suckling CJ, Selman C, Harnett W. The parasitic worm product ES-62 protects the osteoimmunology axis in a mouse model of obesity-accelerated ageing. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953053. [PMID: 36105811 PMCID: PMC9465317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant increases in human lifespan over the last century, adoption of high calorie diets (HCD) has driven global increases in type-2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease, disorders precluding corresponding improvements in healthspan. Reflecting that such conditions are associated with chronic systemic inflammation, evidence is emerging that infection with parasitic helminths might protect against obesity-accelerated ageing, by virtue of their evolution of survival-promoting anti-inflammatory molecules. Indeed, ES-62, an anti-inflammatory secreted product of the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae, improves the healthspan of both male and female C57BL/6J mice undergoing obesity-accelerated ageing and also extends median lifespan in male animals, by positively impacting on inflammatory, adipose metabolic and gut microbiome parameters of ageing. We therefore explored whether ES-62 affects the osteoimmunology axis that integrates environmental signals, such as diet and the gut microbiome to homeostatically regulate haematopoiesis and training of immune responses, which become dysregulated during (obesity-accelerated) ageing. Of note, we find sexual dimorphisms in the decline in bone health, and associated dysregulation of haematopoiesis and consequent peripheral immune responses, during obesity-accelerated ageing, highlighting the importance of developing sex-specific anti-ageing strategies. Related to this, ES-62 protects trabecular bone structure, maintaining bone marrow (BM) niches that counter the ageing-associated decline in haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functionality highlighted by a bias towards myeloid lineages, in male but not female, HCD-fed mice. This is evidenced by the ability of ES-62 to suppress the adipocyte and megakaryocyte bias and correspondingly promote increases in B lymphocytes in the BM. Furthermore, the consequent prevention of ageing-associated myeloid/lymphoid skewing is associated with reduced accumulation of inflammatory CD11c+ macrophages and IL-1β in adipose tissue, disrupting the perpetuation of inflammation-driven dysregulation of haematopoiesis during obesity-accelerated ageing in male HCD-fed mice. Finally, we report the ability of small drug-like molecule analogues of ES-62 to mimic some of its key actions, particularly in strongly protecting trabecular bone structure, highlighting the translational potential of these studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Harnett
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - James Doonan
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity E. Lumb
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Crowe
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Roel Olde Damink
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldine Buitrago
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Duncombe-Moore
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie I. Wilkinson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Colin J. Suckling
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Selman
- Glasgow Ageing Research Network (GARNER), Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - William Harnett
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Safwan-Zaiter H, Wagner N, Wagner KD. P16INK4A-More Than a Senescence Marker. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1332. [PMID: 36143369 PMCID: PMC9501954 DOI: 10.3390/life12091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a biological feature that is characterized by gradual degeneration of function in cells, tissues, organs, or an intact organism due to the accumulation of environmental factors and stresses with time. Several factors have been attributed to aging such as oxidative stress and augmented production or exposure to reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines production, telomere shortening, DNA damage, and, importantly, the deposit of senescent cells. These are irreversibly mitotically inactive, yet metabolically active cells. The reason underlying their senescence lies within the extrinsic and the intrinsic arms. The extrinsic arm is mainly characterized by the expression and the secretory profile known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The intrinsic arm results from the impact of several genes meant to regulate the cell cycle, such as tumor suppressor genes. P16INK4A is a tumor suppressor and cell cycle regulator that has been linked to aging and senescence. Extensive research has revealed that p16 expression is significantly increased in senescent cells, as well as during natural aging or age-related pathologies. Based on this fact, p16 is considered as a specific biomarker for detecting senescent cells and aging. Other studies have found that p16 is not only a senescence marker, but also a protein with many functions outside of senescence and aging. In this paper, we discuss and shed light on several studies that show the different functions of p16 and provide insights in its role in several biological processes besides senescence and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Wagner
- CNRS, INSERM, iBV, Université Côte d’Azur, 06107 Nice, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Characterization of SIBLING Proteins in the Mineralized Tissues. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10080144. [PMID: 36005242 PMCID: PMC9406783 DOI: 10.3390/dj10080144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The SIBLING proteins are a family of non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) previously thought to be expressed only in dentin but have been demonstrated in other mineralized and non-mineralized tissues. They are believed to play vital roles in both osteogenesis and dentinogenesis. Since they are tightly regulated lifelong processes and involve a peak of mineralization, three different age groups were investigated. Fifteen wild-type (WT) mice were euthanized at ages 1, 3, and 6 months. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) was performed to localize various microscopic structures in the mice mandibles and tibias. The immunostaining pattern was compared using antibodies for dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteopontin (OPN). Immunostaining of DSP in tibia showed its most noticeable staining in the 3-month age group. DSP was expressed in alveolar bone, cellular cementum, and PDL. A similar expression of DMP1 was seen in the tibia and dentin. BSP was most noticeably detected in the tibia and acellular cementum. OPN was mainly expressed in the bone. A lower level of OPN was observed at all age groups in the teeth. The immunostaining intensity was the least detected for all proteins in the 6-month tibia sample. The expression patterns of the four SIBLING proteins showed variations in their staining intensity and temporospatial patterning concordant with skeletal and dental maturity. These findings suggest some role in this tightly regulated mineralization process.
Collapse
|
82
|
Canalis E, Schilling L, Eller T, Yu J. Role of nuclear factor of activated T cells in chondrogenesis osteogenesis and osteochondroma formation. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1507-1520. [PMID: 35352320 PMCID: PMC10024159 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc) are transcription factors that play a function in the immune response and in osteoclast differentiation. In the present work, we define the function of NFATc2 in chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. METHODS Nfatc2loxP/loxP and Nfatc1loxP/loxP;Nfatc2loxP/loxP conditional mice were crossed with Prx1-Cre transgenics to inactivate Nfatc2 singly and with Nfatc1. Femurs and vertebrae were examined by microcomputed tomography (µCT) X-Ray images and histology and analyzed for the presence of osteochondromas. RESULTS µCT demonstrated that Prx1-Cre;Nfatc2∆/∆ female mice had transient osteopenia and male mice did not have a cancellous or a cortical bone phenotype when compared to control mice. In contrast, the dual inactivation of Nfatc1 and Nfatc2 in Prx1-expressing cells resulted in cancellous osteopenia and small bones at 1 month of age in both sexes. Nfatc1;Nfatc2 deleted mice exhibited a ~ 50% decrease in bone volume and connectivity. Total bone area, periosteal and endocortical bone perimeters and femoral length were reduced indicating smaller bones. As the mice matured, the shortening of the femoral length persisted, but the osteopenic phenotype resolved and cancellous femoral bone of 4-month-old Nfatc1;Nfatc2 deleted mice was not different from controls although male mice had vertebral osteopenia. In addition, Nfatc1;Nfatc2 deleted mice displayed distortion of the distal metaphysis and, as they matured, the articular presence of mineralized tumors with the appearance of osteochondromas. CONCLUSION Our studies reveal that NFATc1 and NFATc2 are necessary for optimal bone homeostasis and the suppression of osteochondroma formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Canalis
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030-4037, USA.
- Departments of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
| | - L Schilling
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030-4037, USA
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - T Eller
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030-4037, USA
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - J Yu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030-4037, USA
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Buettmann EG, Goldscheitter GM, Hoppock GA, Friedman MA, Suva LJ, Donahue HJ. Similarities Between Disuse and Age-Induced Bone Loss. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1417-1434. [PMID: 35773785 PMCID: PMC9378610 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Disuse and aging are known risk factors associated with low bone mass and quality deterioration, resulting in increased fracture risk. Indeed, current and emerging evidence implicate a large number of shared skeletal manifestations between disuse and aging scenarios. This review provides a detailed overview of current preclinical models of musculoskeletal disuse and the clinical scenarios they seek to recapitulate. We also explore and summarize the major similarities between bone loss after extreme disuse and advanced aging at multiple length scales, including at the organ/tissue, cellular, and molecular level. Specifically, shared structural and material alterations of bone loss are presented between disuse and aging, including preferential loss of bone at cancellous sites, cortical thinning, and loss of bone strength due to enhanced fragility. At the cellular level bone loss is accompanied, during disuse and aging, by increased bone resorption, decreased formation, and enhanced adipogenesis due to altered gap junction intercellular communication, WNT/β-catenin and RANKL/OPG signaling. Major differences between extreme short-term disuse and aging are discussed, including anatomical specificity, differences in bone turnover rates, periosteal modeling, and the influence of subject sex and genetic variability. The examination also identifies potential shared mechanisms underlying bone loss in aging and disuse that warrant further study such as collagen cross-linking, advanced glycation end products/receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE) signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling, cellular senescence, and altered lacunar-canalicular connectivity (mechanosensation). Understanding the shared structural alterations, changes in bone cell function, and molecular mechanisms common to both extreme disuse and aging are paramount to discovering therapies to combat both age-related and disuse-induced osteoporosis. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan G Buettmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Galen M Goldscheitter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Gabriel A Hoppock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael A Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Larry J Suva
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Henry J Donahue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Abu-Kheit R, Kotev-Emeth S, Hiram-Bab S, Gabet Y, Savion N. S-allylmercapto- N-acetylcysteine protects bone cells from oxidation and improves femur microarchitecture in healthy and diabetic mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1489-1500. [PMID: 35658550 PMCID: PMC9493761 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221095047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the deterioration of bone quality and mechanical strength in both diabetic and aging adults. Therefore, we studied the ability of the antioxidant compound, S-allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) to protect bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) cytotoxicity and improve bone microarchitecture of adult healthy and obese/diabetic (db/db) female mice. ASSNAC effect on AGEs-treated cultured rat BMSCs was evaluated by Neutral Red and XTT cell survival and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assays. Its effect on healthy (C57BL/6) and obese/diabetic (C57BLKS/J Leprdb+/+; db/db) female mice femur parameters, such as (1) number of adherent BMSCs, (2) percentage of CD73+/CD45- cells in bone marrow (BM), (3) glutathione level in BM cells, and (4) femur microarchitecture parameters by microcomputed tomography, was studied. ASSNAC treatment protected BMSCs by significantly decreasing AGEs-induced ROS production and increasing their cellular resistance to the cytotoxic effect of AGEs. ASSNAC treatment of healthy female mice (50 mg/kg/day; i.p.; age 12-20 weeks) significantly increased the number of BMSCs (+60%), CD73+/CD45- cells (+134%), and glutathione level (+110%) in the femur bone marrow. Furthermore, it increased the femur length (+3%), cortical diameter (+3%), and cortical areal moment of inertia (Ct.MOI; +10%) a surrogate for biomechanical strength. In db/db mice that demonstrated a compromised trabecular bone and growth plate microarchitecture, ASSNAC treatment restored the trabecular number (Tb.N, +29%), bone volume fraction (Tb.BV/TV, +130%), and growth plate primary spongiosa volumetric bone mineral density (PS-vBMD, +7%) and thickness (PS-Th, +18%). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ASSNAC protects bone marrow cells from oxidative stress and may improve bone microarchitecture in adult healthy and diabetic female mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abu-Kheit
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry and Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shlomo Kotev-Emeth
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry and Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sahar Hiram-Bab
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Naphtali Savion
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry and Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;,Naphtali Savion.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Daley EJ, Yoon SH, Reyes M, Bruce M, Brooks DJ, Bouxsein M, Potts JT, Kronenberg HM, Wein MN, Lanske B, Jüppner H, Gardella TJ. Actions of Parathyroid Hormone Ligand Analogues in Humanized PTH1R Knockin Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6573221. [PMID: 35460406 PMCID: PMC9167040 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rodent models are commonly used to evaluate parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein (PTHrP) ligands and analogues for their pharmacologic activities and potential therapeutic utility toward diseases of bone and mineral ion metabolism. Divergence, however, in the amino acid sequences of rodent and human PTH receptors (rat and mouse PTH1Rs are 91% identical to the human PTH1R) can lead to differences in receptor-binding and signaling potencies for such ligands when assessed on rodent vs human PTH1Rs, as shown by cell-based assays in vitro. This introduces an element of uncertainty in the accuracy of rodent models for performing such preclinical evaluations. To overcome this potential uncertainty, we used a homologous recombination-based knockin (KI) approach to generate a mouse (in-host strain C57Bl/6N) in which complementary DNA encoding the human PTH1R replaces a segment (exon 4) of the murine PTH1R gene so that the human and not the mouse PTH1R protein is expressed. Expression is directed by the endogenous mouse promoter and hence occurs in all biologically relevant cells and tissues and at appropriate levels. The resulting homozygous hPTH1R-KI (humanized) mice were healthy over at least 10 generations and showed functional responses to injected PTH analog peptides that are consistent with a fully functional human PTH1R in target bone and kidney cells. The initial evaluation of these mice and their potential utility for predicting behavior of PTH analogues in humans is reported here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen J Daley
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Sung-Hee Yoon
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Monica Reyes
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Michael Bruce
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Daniel J Brooks
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Mary Bouxsein
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - John T Potts
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Henry M Kronenberg
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Marc N Wein
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Beate Lanske
- Radius Health Inc, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, USA
| | - Harald Jüppner
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Thomas J Gardella
- Correspondence: Thomas J. Gardella, PhD, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Thier 1025, 50 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Mmp13 deletion in mesenchymal cells increases bone mass and may attenuate the cortical bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10257. [PMID: 35715555 PMCID: PMC9205908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of estrogens against cortical bone loss is mediated via direct actions on mesenchymal cells, but functional evidence for the mediators of these effects has only recently begun to emerge. We report that the matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) is the highest up-regulated gene in mesenchymal cells from mice lacking the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). In sham-operated female mice with conditional Mmp13 deletion in Prrx1 expressing cells (Mmp13ΔPrrx1), the femur and tibia length was lower as compared to control littermates (Mmp13f./f). Additionally, in the sham-operated female Mmp13ΔPrrx1 mice cortical thickness and trabecular bone volume in the femur and tibia were higher and osteoclast number at the endocortical surfaces was lower, whereas bone formation rate was unaffected. Notably, the decrease of cortical thickness caused by ovariectomy (OVX) in the femur and tibia of Mmp13f./f mice was attenuated in the Mmp13ΔPrrx1 mice; but the decrease of trabecular bone caused by OVX was not affected. These results reveal that mesenchymal cell-derived MMP13 may regulate osteoclast number and/or activity, bone resorption, and bone mass. And increased production of mesenchymal cell-derived factors may be important mediators of the adverse effect of estrogen deficiency on cortical, but not trabecular, bone.
Collapse
|
87
|
Welhaven HD, Vahidi G, Walk ST, Bothner B, Martin SA, Heveran CM, June RK. The cortical bone metabolome of
C57BL
/
6J
mice is sexually dimorphic. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10654. [PMID: 35866150 PMCID: PMC9289981 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical bone quality, which is sexually dimorphic, depends on bone turnover and therefore on the activities of remodeling bone cells. However, sex differences in cortical bone metabolism are not yet defined. Adding to the uncertainty about cortical bone metabolism, the metabolomes of whole bone, isolated cortical bone without marrow, and bone marrow have not been compared. We hypothesized that the metabolome of isolated cortical bone would be distinct from that of bone marrow and would reveal sex differences. Metabolite profiles from liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) of whole bone, isolated cortical bone, and bone marrow were generated from humeri from 20‐week‐old female C57Bl/6J mice. The cortical bone metabolomes were then compared for 20‐week‐old female and male C57Bl/6J mice. Femurs from male and female mice were evaluated for flexural material properties and were then categorized into bone strength groups. The metabolome of isolated cortical bone was distinct from both whole bone and bone marrow. We also found sex differences in the isolated cortical bone metabolome. Based on metabolite pathway analysis, females had higher lipid metabolism, and males had higher amino acid metabolism. High‐strength bones, regardless of sex, had greater tryptophan and purine metabolism. For males, high‐strength bones had upregulated nucleotide metabolism, whereas lower‐strength bones had greater pentose phosphate pathway metabolism. Because the higher‐strength groups (females compared with males, high‐strength males compared with lower‐strength males) had higher serum type I collagen cross‐linked C‐telopeptide (CTX1)/procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP), we estimate that the metabolomic signature of bone strength in our study at least partially reflects differences in bone turnover. These data provide novel insight into bone bioenergetics and the sexual dimorphic nature of bone material properties in C57Bl/6 mice. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hope D. Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Montana State University Bozeman MT
- Molecular Biosciences Program Montana State University Bozeman MT
| | - Ghazal Vahidi
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Montana State University Bozeman MT
| | - Seth T. Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology Montana State University Bozeman MT
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Montana State University Bozeman MT
| | - Stephen A. Martin
- Translational Biomarkers Core Laboratory Montana State University Bozeman MT
| | - Chelsea M. Heveran
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Montana State University Bozeman MT
| | - Ronald K. June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Montana State University Bozeman MT
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology Montana State University Bozeman MT
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Micro-computed tomography assessment of bone structure in aging mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8117. [PMID: 35581227 PMCID: PMC9114112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution computed tomography (CT) is widely used to assess bone structure under physiological and pathological conditions. Although the analytic protocols and parameters for micro-CT (μCT) analyses in mice are standardized for long bones, vertebrae, and the palms in aging mice, they have not yet been established for craniofacial bones. In this study, we conducted a morphometric assessment of craniofacial bones, in comparison with long bones, in aging mice. Although age-related changes were observed in the microarchitecture of the femur, tibia, vertebra, and basisphenoid bone, and were more pronounced in females than in males, the microarchitecture of both the interparietal bone and body of the mandible, which develop by intramembranous ossification, was less affected by age and sex. By contrast, the condyle of the mandible was more affected by aging in males compared to females. Taken together, our results indicate that mouse craniofacial bones are uniquely affected by age and sex.
Collapse
|
89
|
Canalis E, Carrer M, Eller T, Schilling L, Yu J. Use of antisense oligonucleotides to target Notch3 in skeletal cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268225. [PMID: 35536858 PMCID: PMC9089911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch receptors are determinants of cell fate and function, and play an important role in the regulation of bone development and skeletal remodeling. Lateral Meningocele Syndrome (LMS) is a monogenic disorder associated with NOTCH3 pathogenic variants that result in the stabilization of NOTCH3 and a gain-of-function. LMS presents with neurological developmental abnormalities and bone loss. We created a mouse model (Notch3em1Ecan) harboring a 6691TAATGA mutation in the Notch3 locus, and heterozygous Notch3em1Ecan mice exhibit cancellous and cortical bone osteopenia. In the present work, we explored whether Notch3 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) downregulate Notch3 and have the potential to ameliorate the osteopenia of Notch3em1Ecan mice. Notch3 ASOs decreased the expression of Notch3 wild type and Notch36691-TAATGA mutant mRNA expressed by Notch3em1Ecan mice in osteoblast cultures without evidence of cellular toxicity. The effect was specific since ASOs did not downregulate Notch1, Notch2 or Notch4. The expression of Notch3 wild type and Notch36691-TAATGA mutant transcripts also was decreased in bone marrow stromal cells and osteocytes following exposure to Notch3 ASOs. In vivo, the subcutaneous administration of Notch3 ASOs at 25 to 50 mg/Kg decreased Notch3 mRNA in the liver, heart and bone. Microcomputed tomography demonstrated that the administration of Notch3 ASOs ameliorates the cortical osteopenia of Notch3em1Ecan mice, and ASOs decreased femoral cortical porosity and increased cortical thickness and bone volume. However, the administration of Notch3 ASOs did not ameliorate the cancellous bone osteopenia of Notchem1Ecan mice. In conclusion, Notch3 ASOs downregulate Notch3 expression in skeletal cells and their systemic administration ameliorates cortical osteopenia in Notch3em1Ecan mice; as such ASOs may become useful strategies in the management of skeletal diseases affected by Notch gain-of-function.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple
- Animals
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/genetics
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism
- Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging
- Bone and Bones/metabolism
- Meningocele
- Mice
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense
- RNA, Messenger
- Receptor, Notch2/genetics
- Receptor, Notch2/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch3/genetics
- Receptor, Notch3/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- X-Ray Microtomography
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Canalis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Michele Carrer
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, United States of America
| | - Tabitha Eller
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lauren Schilling
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jungeun Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
- The UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Smith BJ, Hatter B, Washburn K, Graef-Downard J, Ojo BA, El-Rassi GD, Cichewicz RH, Payton M, Lucas EA. Dried Plum's Polyphenolic Compounds and Carbohydrates Contribute to Its Osteoprotective Effects and Exhibit Prebiotic Activity in Estrogen Deficient C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091685. [PMID: 35565653 PMCID: PMC9102795 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of dried plum’s benefits on bone continues to emerge. This study investigated the contribution of the fruit’s polyphenol (PP) and carbohydrate (CHO) components on a bone model of postmenopausal osteoporosis to explore their prebiotic activity. Osteopenic ovariectomized mice were fed diets supplemented with dried plum, a crude extract of dried plum’s polyphenolic compounds, or the PP or CHO fraction of the crude extract. The effects of treatments on the bone phenotype were assessed at 5 and 10 weeks as well as the prebiotic activity of the different components of dried plum. Both the CHO and PP fractions of the extract contributed to the effects on bone with the CHO suppressing bone formation and resorption, and the PP temporally down-regulating formation. The PP and CHO components also altered the gut microbiota and cecal short chain fatty acids. These findings demonstrate that the CHO as well as the PP components of dried plum have potential prebiotic activity, but they have differential roles in mediating the alterations in bone formation and resorption that protect bone in estrogen deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J. Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (B.H.); (K.W.); (B.A.O.); (E.A.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bethany Hatter
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (B.H.); (K.W.); (B.A.O.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Karley Washburn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (B.H.); (K.W.); (B.A.O.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Jennifer Graef-Downard
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA;
| | - Babajide A. Ojo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (B.H.); (K.W.); (B.A.O.); (E.A.L.)
| | | | - Robert H. Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
| | - Mark Payton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Parker, CO 80134, USA;
| | - Edralin A. Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (B.H.); (K.W.); (B.A.O.); (E.A.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Goldsmith M, Crooks SD, Condon SF, Willie BM, Komarova SV. Bone strength and composition in spacefaring rodents: systematic review and meta-analysis. NPJ Microgravity 2022; 8:10. [PMID: 35418128 PMCID: PMC9008045 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-022-00195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the effects of space travel on bone of experimental animals provides unique advantages, including the ability to perform post-mortem analysis and mechanical testing. To synthesize the available data to assess how much and how consistently bone strength and composition parameters are affected by spaceflight, we systematically identified studies reporting bone health in spacefaring animals from Medline, Embase, Web of Science, BIOSIS, and NASA Technical reports. Previously, we reported the effect of spaceflight on bone architecture and turnover in rodents and primates. For this study, we selected 28 articles reporting bone strength and composition in 60 rats and 60 mice from 17 space missions ranging from 7 to 33 days in duration. Whole bone mechanical indices were significantly decreased in spaceflight rodents, with the percent difference between spaceflight and ground control animals for maximum load of −15.24% [Confidence interval: −22.32, −8.17]. Bone mineral density and calcium content were significantly decreased in spaceflight rodents by −3.13% [−4.96, −1.29] and −1.75% [−2.97, −0.52] respectively. Thus, large deficits in bone architecture (6% loss in cortical area identified in a previous study) as well as changes in bone mass and tissue composition likely lead to bone strength reduction in spaceflight animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Goldsmith
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sequoia D Crooks
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sean F Condon
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bettina M Willie
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Svetlana V Komarova
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Lawenius L, Gustafsson KL, Wu J, Nilsson KH, Movérare-Skrtic S, Schott EM, Soto-Girón MJ, Toledo GV, Sjögren K, Ohlsson C. Development of a synbiotic that protects against ovariectomy-induced trabecular bone loss. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E344-E354. [PMID: 35156423 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00366.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has the capacity to regulate bone mass. The aim of this study was to develop a nutritional synbiotic dietary assemblage at an optimal dose to maintain bone mass in ovariectomized (Ovx) mice. We performed genomic analyses and in vitro experiments in a large collection of bacterial and fungal strains (>4,000) derived from fresh fruit and vegetables to identify candidates with the synergistic capacity to produce bone-protective short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and vitamin K2. The candidate SBD111-A, composed of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Levilactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pichia kudriavzevii together with prebiotic dietary fibers, produced high levels of SCFA in vitro and protected against Ovx-induced trabecular bone loss in a dose-dependent manner in mice. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that SBD111-A changed the taxonomic composition and enriched specific pathways for synthesis of bone-protective SCFA, vitamin K2, and branched-chain amino acids in the gut microbiome.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We performed genomic analyses and in vitro experiments in a collection of bacterial and fungal strains. We identified a combination (SBD111-A) that produced high levels of SCFA in vitro and protected against ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a dose-dependent manner in mice. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that SBD111-A changed the taxonomic composition and function of the gut microbiome and enriched pathways for synthesis of bone-protective SCFA, vitamin K2, and branched-chain amino acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lawenius
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Klara Sjögren
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Hey HWD, Lam WMR, Chan CX, Zhuo WH, Crombie EM, Tan TC, Chen WC, Cool S, Tsai SY. Paraspinal myopathy-induced intervertebral disc degeneration and thoracolumbar kyphosis in TSC1mKO mice model-a preliminary study. Spine J 2022; 22:483-494. [PMID: 34653636 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing kyphosis of the spine in a human is a well-recognized clinical phenomenon that has been associated with back pain, poor physical performance and disability. The pathophysiology of age-related kyphosis is complex and has been associated with physiological changes in vertebrae, intervertebral disc (IVD) and paraspinal musculature, which current cross-sectional studies are unable to demonstrate. Creating an in vivo, paraspinal myopathic animal model for longitudinal study of these changes under controlled conditions is thus warranted. PURPOSE To confirm the TSC1 gene knockout effect on paraspinal muscle musculature; to analyze the development of spinal kyphosis, IVD degeneration and vertebra structural changes in a longitudinal manner to gain insights into the relationship between these processes. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study of 28 female mice, divided into 4 groups-9-month-old TSC1mKO (n=7), 9-month-old control (n=4), 12-month-old TSC1mKO (n=8), and 12-month-old controls (n=9). METHODS High resolution micro-computed tomography was used to measure sagittal spinal alignment (Cobb's angle), vertebral height, vertebral body wedging, disc height index (DHI), disc wedge index (DWI), histomorphometry of trabecular bone and erector spinae muscle cross-sectional area. Paraspinal muscle specimens were harvested to assess for myopathic features with H&E stain, muscle fiber size, density of triangular fiber and central nucleus with WGA/DAPI stain, and percentage of fibers with PGC-1α stain. Intervertebral discs were evaluated for disc score using FAST stain. RESULTS Compared to controls, paraspinal muscle sections revealed features of myopathy in TSC1mKO mice similar to human sarcopenic paraspinal muscle. While there was significantly greater presence of small triangular fiber and density of central nucleus in 9-and 12-month-old TSC1mKO mice, significantly larger muscle fibers and decreased erector spinae muscle cross-sectional area were only found in 12-month-old TSC1mKO mice compared to controls. TSC1mKO mice developed accelerated thoracolumbar kyphosis, with significantly larger Cobb angles found only at 12 months old. Structural changes to the trabecular bone in terms of higher bone volume fraction and quality, as well as vertebral body wedging were observed only in 12-month-old TSC1mKO mice when compared to controls. Disc degeneration was observed as early as 9 months in TSC1mKO mice and corresponded with disc wedging. However, significant disc height loss was only observed when comparing 12-month-old TSC1mKO mice with controls. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully shows the TSC1 gene knockout effect on the development of paraspinal muscle myopathy in a mouse which is characteristic of sarcopenia. The TSC1mKO mice is by far the best model available to study the pathological consequence of sarcopenia on mice spine. With paraspinal muscle myopathy established as early as 9 months, TSC1mKO mice developed disc degeneration and disc wedging. This is followed by kyphosis of the spine at 12 months with concomitant disc height loss and vertebral body wedging due to bone remodeling. Age-related bone loss was not found in our study, suggesting osteoporosis and myopathy-induced vertebral body wedging are likely two independent processes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study to provide key insights on the early and late consequences of paraspinal myopathy on intervertebral disc degeneration, spinal kyphosis, and vertebral body changes. With this new understanding, future studies evaluating therapies for spinal degeneration may be performed to develop time-sensitive interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwee Weng Dennis Hey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Hospital, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228.
| | - Wing Moon Raymond Lam
- National University of Singapore Engineering Programme (NUSTEP), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597
| | - Chloe Xiaoyun Chan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Hospital, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore 119228.
| | - Wen-Hai Zhuo
- National University of Singapore Engineering Programme (NUSTEP), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597
| | - Elisa Marie Crombie
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597
| | - Tuan Chun Tan
- Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8a Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648
| | - Way Cherng Chen
- Bruker Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore, 30 Biopolis St, Singapore 138671
| | - Simon Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8a Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648
| | - Shih Yin Tsai
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Little-Letsinger SE, Rubin J, Diekman B, Rubin CT, McGrath C, Pagnotti GM, Klett EL, Styner M. Exercise to Mend Aged-tissue Crosstalk in Bone Targeting Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:22-35. [PMID: 34489173 PMCID: PMC8840966 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging induces alterations in bone structure and strength through a multitude of processes, exacerbating common aging- related diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Cellular hallmarks of aging are examined, as related to bone and the marrow microenvironment, and ways in which these might contribute to a variety of age-related perturbations in osteoblasts, osteocytes, marrow adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors. Cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic and intracellular communication changes are central pathways and recognized as associated and potentially causal in aging. We focus on these in musculoskeletal system and highlight knowledge gaps in the literature regarding cellular and tissue crosstalk in bone, cartilage, and the bone marrow niche. While senolytics have been utilized to target aging pathways, here we propose non-pharmacologic, exercise-based interventions as prospective "senolytics" against aging effects on the skeleton. Increased bone mass and delayed onset or progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are some of the recognized benefits of regular exercise across the lifespan. Further investigation is needed to delineate how cellular indicators of aging manifest in bone and the marrow niche and how altered cellular and tissue crosstalk impact disease progression, as well as consideration of exercise as a therapeutic modality, as a means to enhance discovery of bone-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SE Little-Letsinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - J Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - B Diekman
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Joint Departments of Biomedical Engineering NC State & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - CT Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook
| | - C McGrath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - GM Pagnotti
- Dept of Endocrine, Neoplasia, and Hormonal Disorders, University Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - EL Klett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - M Styner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Wilson BM, Witkiewics BR, Voigt RM, Forysth CB, Keshavarzian A, Ko FC, Virdi AS, Sumner DR. Alcohol and Circadian Disruption Minimally Impact Bone Properties in Two Cohorts of Male Mice While Between‐Cohort Differences Predominate: Association With Season of Birth? JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10591. [PMID: 35309863 PMCID: PMC8914150 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Wilson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - Brittany R Witkiewics
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - Robin M Voigt
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - Christopher B Forysth
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - Frank C Ko
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - Amarjit S Virdi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | - D Rick Sumner
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Turner RT, Nesser KL, Philbrick KA, Wong CP, Olson DA, Branscum AJ, Iwaniec UT. Leptin and environmental temperature as determinants of bone marrow adiposity in female mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:959743. [PMID: 36277726 PMCID: PMC9582271 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.959743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) levels are higher in distal femur metaphysis of female mice housed at thermoneutral (32°C) than in mice housed at 22°C, as are abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) mass, and serum leptin levels. We performed two experiments to explore the role of increased leptin in temperature-enhanced accrual of BMAT. First, we supplemented 6-week-old female C57BL/6J (B6) mice with leptin for 2 weeks at 10 µg/d using a subcutaneously implanted osmotic pump. Controls consisted of ad libitum (ad lib) fed mice and mice pair fed to match food intake of leptin-supplemented mice. The mice were maintained at 32°C for the duration of treatment. At necropsy, serum leptin in leptin-supplemented mice did not differ from ad lib mice, suggesting suppression of endogenous leptin production. In support, Ucp1 expression in BAT, percent body fat, and abdominal WAT mass were lower in leptin-supplemented mice. Leptin-supplemented mice also had lower BMAT and higher bone formation in distal femur metaphysis compared to the ad lib group, changes not replicated by pair-feeding. In the second experiment, BMAT response was evaluated in 6-week-old female B6 wild type (WT), leptin-deficient ob/ob and leptin-treated (0.3 μg/d) ob/ob mice housed at 32°C for the 2-week duration of the treatment. Compared to mice sacrificed at baseline (22°C), BMAT increased in ob/ob mice as well as WT mice, indicating a leptin independent response to increased temperature. However, infusion of ob/ob mice with leptin, at a dose rate having negligible effects on either energy metabolism or serum leptin levels, attenuated the increase in BMAT. In summary, increased housing temperature and increased leptin have independent but opposing effects on BMAT in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell T. Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Kira L. Nesser
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Kenneth A. Philbrick
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Carmen P. Wong
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Dawn A. Olson
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Adam J. Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Urszula T. Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Urszula T. Iwaniec,
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Carpenter KA, Davison R, Shakthivel S, Anderson KD, Ko FC, Ross RD. Sclerostin antibody improves phosphate metabolism hormones, bone formation rates, and bone mass in adult Hyp mice. Bone 2022; 154:116201. [PMID: 34537437 PMCID: PMC8671249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the phosphate regulating gene with homology to endopeptidase located on the X chromosome (PHEX). Loss of functional PHEX results in elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), impaired phosphate reabsorption, and inhibited skeletal mineralization. Sclerostin, a protein produced primarily by osteocytes, suppresses bone formation by antagonizing canonical Wnt-signaling and is reported to be elevated in XLH patients. Our previous study reported that a monoclonal antibody to sclerostin (Scl-Ab) decreases FGF23 and increases phosphate and bone mass in growing Hyp mice (XLH murine model). In the current study, we investigated the efficacy of Scl-Ab in treating XLH pathophysiology in adult Hyp mice that are past the period of rapid skeletal growth (12 and 20-weeks old). We hypothesized that Scl-Ab would not only increase bone formation, bone strength and bone mass, but would also normalize phosphate regulating hormones, FGF23, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin 1,25(OH)2D. Scl-Ab treatment increased cortical area, trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular bone formation rate, and the bending moment in both sexes of both age groups. Scl-Ab treatment suppressed circulating levels of intact FGF23 and c-term FGF23 in treated male and female wild-type and Hyp mice of both age groups and improved both vitamin 1,25(OH)2D and PTH. Scl-Ab treated Hyp mice also showed evidence of increased renal expression of the sodium-phosphate co-transporter, NPT2a, specifically in the female Hyp mice. Our study suggests that Scl-Ab treatment can improve several skeletal and metabolic pathologies associated with XLH, further establishes the role of sclerostin in the regulation of FGF23 and provides evidence that Scl-Ab can improve phosphate regulation by targeting the bone-renal axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Carpenter
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Reid Davison
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Shruti Shakthivel
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Kyle D Anderson
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Frank C Ko
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Ryan D Ross
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Larrañaga-Vera A, Toti KS, Flatow JS, Haraczy AJ, Warnick E, Rao H, Gao ZG, Sussman SM, Mediero A, Leucht P, Jacobson KA, Cronstein BN. Novel alendronate-CGS21680 conjugate reduces bone resorption and induces new bone formation in post-menopausal osteoporosis and inflammatory osteolysis mouse models. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:265. [PMID: 36494860 PMCID: PMC9733060 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of bone is a common medical problem and, while it can be treated with available therapies, some of these therapies have critical side effects. We have previously demonstrated that CGS21680, a selective A2A adenosine receptor agonist, prevents bone loss, but its on-target toxicities (hypotension, tachycardia) and frequent dosing requirements make it unusable in the clinic. We therefore generated a novel alendronate-CGS21680 conjugate (MRS7216), to target the agonist to bone where it remains for long periods thereby diminishing the frequency of administration and curtailing side effects. MRS7216 was synthesized from CGS21680 by sequential activation of the carboxylic acid moiety and reacting with an appropriate amino acid (PEG, alendronic acid) under basic conditions. MRS7216 was tested on C57BL/6J (WT) mice with established osteoporosis (OP) and WT or A2A KO mice with wear particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis (OL). Mice were treated weekly with MRS7216 (10mg/kg). Bone formation was studied after in vivo labeling with calcein/Alizarin Red, and μCT and histology analyses were performed. In addition, human primary osteoblasts and osteoclasts were cultured using bone marrow discarded after hip replacement. Receptor binding studies demonstrate that MRS7216 efficiently binds the A2A adenosine receptor. MRS7216-treated OP and OL mice had significant new bone formation and reduced bone loss compared to vehicle or alendronate-treated mice. Histological analysis showed that MRS7216 treatment significantly reduced osteoclast number and increased osteoblast number in murine models. Interestingly, cultured human osteoclast differentiation was inhibited, and osteoblast differentiation was stimulated by the compound indicating that MRS7216 conjugates represent a novel therapeutic approach to treat osteoporosis and osteolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ane Larrañaga-Vera
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, Medical Science Building, Room, New York, NY 251 USA
| | - Kiran S. Toti
- grid.419635.c0000 0001 2203 7304Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - James S. Flatow
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, Medical Science Building, Room, New York, NY 251 USA
| | - Alexandra J. Haraczy
- grid.419635.c0000 0001 2203 7304Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Eugene Warnick
- grid.419635.c0000 0001 2203 7304Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Harsha Rao
- grid.419635.c0000 0001 2203 7304Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- grid.419635.c0000 0001 2203 7304Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Sarah M. Sussman
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA USA
| | - Aranzazu Mediero
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, Medical Science Building, Room, New York, NY 251 USA ,grid.419651.e0000 0000 9538 1950Bone and Joint Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philipp Leucht
- grid.283061.e0000 0001 2325 0879Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, USA ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- grid.419635.c0000 0001 2203 7304Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Bruce N. Cronstein
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, Medical Science Building, Room, New York, NY 251 USA ,grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Zaloszyc A, Schmitt CP, Sayeh A, Higel L, Gros CI, Bornert F, Aubertin-Kirch G, Dillenseger JP, Goetz C, Constantinesco A, Fischbach M, Bahram S, Choquet P. Frequent, quantitative bone planar scintigraphy for determination of bone anabolism in growing mice. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12355. [PMID: 34966570 PMCID: PMC8667748 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To provide insight into bone turnover, quantitative measurements of bone remodeling are required. Radionuclide studies are widely used in clinical care, but have been rarely used in the exploration of the bone in preclinical studies. We describe a bone planar scintigraphy method for frequent assessment of bone activity in mice across the growing period. Since repeated venous radiotracer injections are hardly feasible in mice, we investigated the subcutaneous route. Methods Repeated 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP) tracer bone planar scintigraphy studies of the knee region and µCT to measure femur growth rate were performed in eight mice between week 6 and week 27 of life, i.e., during their growth period. Three independent investigators assessed the regions of interest (ROI). An index was calculated based on the counts in knees ROI (normalized by pixels and seconds), corrected for the activity administered, the decay between administration and imaging, and individual weights. Results A total of 93 scintigraphy studies and 85 µCT were performed. Repeated subcutaneous tracer injections were well tolerated and allowed for adequate radionuclide studies. Mean scintigraphic indexes in the knees ROI decreased from 87.4 ± 2.6 × 10−6 counts s−1 pixel−1 MBq−1 g−1 at week 6 to 15.0 ± 3.3 × 10−6 counts s−1 pixel−1 MBq−1 g−1 at week 27. The time constant of the fitted exponential decay was equal to 23.5 days. As control mean femur length assessed by µCT increased from 12.2 ± 0.8 mm at week 6 to 15.8 ± 0.2 mm at week 22. The time constant of the fitted Gompertz law was equal to 26.7 days. A correlation index of −0.97 was found between femur growth and decrease of bone tracer activity count between week 6 and 24. Conclusion This methodological study demonstrates the potential of repeated bone planar scintigraphy in growing mice, with subcutaneous route for tracer administration, for quantitative assessment of bone remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Zaloszyc
- Service de Pédiatrie 1, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, OMICARE, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM UMR_S 1109, Immuno Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Strasbourg, France.,Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amira Sayeh
- Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laetitia Higel
- Service de Pédiatrie 1, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine-Isabelle Gros
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté de chirurgie dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Bornert
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté de chirurgie dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gaëlle Aubertin-Kirch
- Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Medical Image Analysis center (MIAC AG), Basel, Switzeland
| | - Jean-Philippe Dillenseger
- Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,ICube, UMR 7357 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Goetz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Klinik für Nuklear Medizin, Freiburg, Germany
| | - André Constantinesco
- Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Fischbach
- Service de Pédiatrie 1, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, OMICARE, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM UMR_S 1109, Immuno Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Strasbourg, France.,Plateforme GENOMAX, Laboratoire d'Immuno Rhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S1109, LabEx Transplantex, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Franco-Japanese Nextgen HLA Laboratory, INSERM, Strasbourg and Nagano, France, Japan.,Laboratoire Central d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Choquet
- Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,ICube, UMR 7357 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Lu D, Demissie S, Horowitz NB, Gower AC, Lenburg ME, Alekseyev YO, Hussein AI, Bragdon B, Liu Y, Daukss D, Page JM, Webster MZ, Schlezinger JJ, Morgan EF, Gerstenfeld LC. Temporal and Quantitative Transcriptomic Differences Define Sexual Dimorphism in Murine Postnatal Bone Aging. JBMR Plus 2021; 6:e10579. [PMID: 35229061 PMCID: PMC8861981 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Time is a central element of the sexual dimorphic patterns of development, pathology, and aging of the skeleton. Because the transcriptome is a representation of the phenome, we hypothesized that both sex and sex‐specific temporal, transcriptomic differences in bone tissues over an 18‐month period would be informative to the underlying molecular processes that lead to postnatal sexual dimorphism. Regardless of age, sex‐associated changes of the whole bone transcriptomes were primarily associated not only with bone but also vascular and connective tissue ontologies. A pattern‐based approach used to screen the entire Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database against those that were sex‐specific in bone identified two coordinately regulated gene sets: one related to high phosphate–induced aortic calcification and one induced by mechanical stimulation in bone. Temporal clustering of the transcriptome identified two skeletal tissue‐associated, sex‐specific patterns of gene expression. One set of genes, associated with skeletal patterning and morphology, showed peak expression earlier in females. The second set of genes, associated with coupled remodeling, had quantitatively higher expression in females and exhibited a broad peak between 3 to 12 months, concurrent with the animals' reproductive period. Results of phenome‐level structural assessments of the tibia and vertebrae, and in vivo and in vitro analysis of cells having osteogenic potential, were consistent with the existence of functionally unique, skeletogenic cell populations that are separately responsible for appositional growth and intramedullary functions. These data suggest that skeletal sexual dimorphism arises through sex‐specific, temporally different processes controlling morphometric growth and later coupled remodeling of the skeleton during the reproductive period of the animal. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Lu
- Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - Serkalem Demissie
- Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - Nina B Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Adam C Gower
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Marc E Lenburg
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Yuriy O Alekseyev
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Amira I Hussein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Beth Bragdon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Dana Daukss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Jack M Page
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Micheal Z Webster
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Jennifer J Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - Elise F Morgan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Louis C Gerstenfeld
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA USA
| |
Collapse
|