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Chang T, Ryu D, Jo Y, Choi G, Min HS, Park Y. Calibration-free quantitative phase imaging using data-driven aberration modeling. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:34835-34847. [PMID: 33182943 DOI: 10.1364/oe.412009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a data-driven approach to compensate for optical aberrations in calibration-free quantitative phase imaging (QPI). Unlike existing methods that require additional measurements or a background region to correct aberrations, we exploit deep learning techniques to model the physics of aberration in an imaging system. We demonstrate the generation of a single-shot aberration-corrected field image by using a U-net-based deep neural network that learns a translation between an optical field with aberrations and an aberration-corrected field. The high fidelity and stability of our method is demonstrated on 2D and 3D QPI measurements of various confluent eukaryotic cells and microbeads, benchmarking against the conventional method using background subtractions.
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52
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Zheng C, Jin D, He Y, Lin H, Hu J, Yaqoob Z, So PTC, Zhou R. High spatial and temporal resolution synthetic aperture phase microscopy. ADVANCED PHOTONICS 2020; 2:065002. [PMID: 33870104 PMCID: PMC8049284 DOI: 10.1117/1.ap.2.6.065002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A new optical microscopy technique, termed high spatial and temporal resolution synthetic aperture phase microscopy (HISTR-SAPM), is proposed to improve the lateral resolution of wide-field coherent imaging. Under plane wave illumination, the resolution is increased by twofold to around 260 nm, while achieving millisecond-level temporal resolution. In HISTR-SAPM, digital micromirror devices are used to actively change the sample illumination beam angle at high speed with high stability. An off-axis interferometer is used to measure the sample scattered complex fields, which are then processed to reconstruct high-resolution phase images. Using HISTR-SAPM, we are able to map the height profiles of subwavelength photonic structures and resolve the period structures that have 198 nm linewidth and 132 nm gap (i.e., a full pitch of 330 nm). As the reconstruction averages out laser speckle noise while maintaining high temporal resolution, HISTR-SAPM further enables imaging and quantification of nanoscale dynamics of live cells, such as red blood cell membrane fluctuations and subcellular structure dynamics within nucleated cells. We envision that HISTR-SAPM will broadly benefit research in material science and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zheng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Di Jin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yanping He
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongtao Lin
- Zhejiang University, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juejun Hu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Zahid Yaqoob
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laser Biomedical Research Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Peter T. C So
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laser Biomedical Research Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Renjie Zhou
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- Address all correspondence to Renjie Zhou,
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53
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Stanly TA, Suman R, Rani GF, O’Toole PJ, Kaye PM, Hitchcock IS. Quantitative Optical Diffraction Tomography Imaging of Mouse Platelets. Front Physiol 2020; 11:568087. [PMID: 33041864 PMCID: PMC7526686 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.568087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are specialized anucleate cells that play a major role in hemostasis following vessel injury. More recently, platelets have also been implicated in innate immunity and inflammation by directly interacting with immune cells and releasing proinflammatory signals. It is likely therefore that in certain pathologies, such as chronic parasitic infections and myeloid malignancies, platelets can act as mediators for hemostatic and proinflammatory responses. Fortunately, murine platelet function ex vivo is highly analogous to human, providing a robust model for functional comparison. However, traditional methods of studying platelet phenotype, function and activation status often rely on using large numbers of whole isolated platelet populations, which severely limits the number and type of assays that can be performed with mouse blood. Here, using cutting edge 3D quantitative phase imaging, holotomography, that uses optical diffraction tomography (ODT), we were able to identify and quantify differences in single unlabeled, live platelets with minimal experimental interference. We analyzed platelets directly isolated from whole blood of mice with either a JAK2V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) or Leishmania donovani infection. Image analysis of the platelets indicates previously uncharacterized differences in platelet morphology, including altered cell volume and sphericity, as well as changes in biophysical parameters such as refractive index (RI) and dry mass. Together, these data indicate that, by using holotomography, we were able to identify clear disparities in activation status and potential functional ability in disease states compared to control at the level of single platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess A. Stanly
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Rakesh Suman
- Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Gulab Fatima Rani
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. O’Toole
- Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Kaye
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Ian S. Hitchcock
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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Hu J, Xie X, Shen Y. Quantitative phase imaging based on wavefront correction of a digital micromirror device. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:5036-5039. [PMID: 32932445 DOI: 10.1364/ol.402673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The strong need in materials and biological science has prompted the development of high-speed quantitative phase imaging. However, for phase retrieval applying digital micromirror devices (DMDs), the accuracy of the retrieved phase will be disturbed by the DMD-induced aberrations. Here, we propose a phase retrieval method based on measuring and correcting errors caused by phase non-uniformity of the device. Using only four binary amplitude masks and corresponding diffraction intensities, the proposed method achieves rapid convergence and high-quality reconstruction. The experiments prove the practical feasibility for general samples and the effective improvement of the retrieved phase accuracy.
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Miccio L, Cimmino F, Kurelac I, Villone MM, Bianco V, Memmolo P, Merola F, Mugnano M, Capasso M, Iolascon A, Maffettone PL, Ferraro P. Perspectives on liquid biopsy for label‐free detection of “circulating tumor cells” through intelligent lab‐on‐chips. VIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Miccio
- CNR‐ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello Pozzuoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | | | - Ivana Kurelac
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA) Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Massimiliano M. Villone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Vittorio Bianco
- CNR‐ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello Pozzuoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Pasquale Memmolo
- CNR‐ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello Pozzuoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Francesco Merola
- CNR‐ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello Pozzuoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Martina Mugnano
- CNR‐ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello Pozzuoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Naples Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Naples Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Pier Luca Maffettone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- CNR‐ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello Pozzuoli Italy
- NEAPoLIS, Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface Systems Joint Research Center CNR ‐ Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli Italy
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56
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Firdaus ER, Park JH, Lee SK, Park Y, Cha GH, Han ET. 3D morphological and biophysical changes in a single tachyzoite and its infected cells using three-dimensional quantitative phase imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000055. [PMID: 32441392 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis in the human body and commonly infects warm-blooded organisms. Pathophysiology of its diseases is still an interesting issue to be studied since T gondii can infect nearly all nucleated cells. Imaging techniques are crucial for studying its pathophysiology. In T gondii-infected cells structural and biochemical alterations occurred. To study that modification, we use digital holotomography to investigate the structure and biochemical alteration of single tachyzoite and its infected cells in a label-free and quantitative manner. Quantification analysis was done by measuring the refractive index distribution, which provides information about the concentration and dry mass of individual cells. This study showed that holotomography could be effectively used to identify the structural and biochemical alteration in tremendously different cells in supporting pathophysiological research in particular for T gondii-caused diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egy Rahman Firdaus
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Guang-Ho Cha
- Department of Medical Science & Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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57
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Jo Y, Kim HM, Lee J, Lee C, Hugonnet H, Park Y, Liu X, Chang YT, Kim H, Kim P. Fluid–Matrix Interface Triggers a Heterogeneous Activation of Macrophages. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4294-4301. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Jo
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyo Min Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jongbeom Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Chungha Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hervé Hugonnet
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Tomocube, Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao Liu
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea & Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea & Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyoungsoo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Pilnam Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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58
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Intercellular Bioimaging and Biodistribution of Gold Nanoparticle-Loaded Macrophages for Targeted Drug Delivery. ELECTRONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics9071105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to effectively apply nanoparticles to clinical use, macrophages have been used as vehicles to deliver genes, drugs or nanomaterials into tumors. In this study, the effectiveness of macrophage as a drug delivery system was validated by biodistribution imaging modalities at intercellular and ex vivo levels. We focused on biodistribution imaging, namely, the characterization of the gold nanoparticle-loaded macrophages using intracellular holotomography and target delivery efficiency analysis using ex vivo fluorescence imaging techniques. In more detail, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared with trisodium citrate method and loaded into macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). First, AuNPs loading into macrophages was confirmed using the conventional ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Then, the holotomographic imaging was employed to characterize the intracellular biodistribution of the AuNPs-loaded macrophages. The efficacy of target delivery of the well AuNPs uptake macrophages was studied in a mouse model, established via lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. The fluorescent images and the ex vivo ICP-MS evaluated the delivery efficiency of the AuNPs-loaded macrophages. Results revealed that the holotomographic imaging techniques can be promising modalities to understand intracellular biodistribution and ex vivo fluorescence imaging can be useful to validate the target delivery efficacy of the AuNPs-loaded macrophages.
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59
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Ahn JH, Seo H, Park W, Seok J, Lee JA, Kim WJ, Kim GB, Kim KJ, Lee SY. Enhanced succinic acid production by Mannheimia employing optimal malate dehydrogenase. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1970. [PMID: 32327663 PMCID: PMC7181634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinic acid (SA), a dicarboxylic acid of industrial importance, can be efficiently produced by metabolically engineered Mannheimia succiniciproducens. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is one of the key enzymes for SA production, but has not been well characterized. Here we report biochemical and structural analyses of various MDHs and development of hyper-SA producing M. succiniciproducens by introducing the best MDH. Corynebacterium glutamicum MDH (CgMDH) shows the highest specific activity and least substrate inhibition, whereas M. succiniciproducens MDH (MsMDH) shows low specific activity at physiological pH and strong uncompetitive inhibition toward oxaloacetate (ki of 67.4 and 588.9 μM for MsMDH and CgMDH, respectively). Structural comparison of the two MDHs reveals a key residue influencing the specific activity and susceptibility to substrate inhibition. A high-inoculum fed-batch fermentation of the final strain expressing cgmdh produces 134.25 g L-1 of SA with the maximum productivity of 21.3 g L-1 h-1, demonstrating the importance of enzyme optimization in strain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Ahn
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogyun Seo
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Park
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seok
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong An Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Kim
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Bae Kim
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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60
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Oh J, Ryu JS, Lee M, Jung J, Han S, Chung HJ, Park Y. Three-dimensional label-free observation of individual bacteria upon antibiotic treatment using optical diffraction tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:1257-1267. [PMID: 32206407 PMCID: PMC7075604 DOI: 10.1364/boe.377740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Measuring alterations in bacteria upon antibiotic application is important for basic studies in microbiology, drug discovery, clinical diagnosis, and disease treatment. However, imaging and 3D time-lapse response analysis of individual bacteria upon antibiotic application remain largely unexplored mainly due to limitations in imaging techniques. Here, we present a method to systematically investigate the alterations in individual bacteria in 3D and quantitatively analyze the effects of antibiotics. Using optical diffraction tomography, in-situ responses of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis to various concentrations of ampicillin were investigated in a label-free and quantitative manner. The presented method reconstructs the dynamic changes in the 3D refractive-index distributions of living bacteria in response to antibiotics at sub-micrometer spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghun Oh
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jea Sung Ryu
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Moosung Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jaehwang Jung
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Current Affiliation: Mechatronics R&D Center, Samsung Electronics, Hwasung 18448, South Korea
| | - SeungYun Han
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Chung
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yongkeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon 34051, South Korea
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61
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Park S, Ahn JW, Jo Y, Kang HY, Kim HJ, Cheon Y, Kim JW, Park Y, Lee S, Park K. Label-Free Tomographic Imaging of Lipid Droplets in Foam Cells for Machine-Learning-Assisted Therapeutic Evaluation of Targeted Nanodrugs. ACS NANO 2020; 14:1856-1865. [PMID: 31909985 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, a key feature of foam cells, constitutes an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in atherosclerosis. However, despite advances in cellular imaging techniques, current noninvasive and quantitative methods have limited application in living foam cells. Here, using optical diffraction tomography (ODT), we performed quantitative morphological and biophysical analysis of living foam cells in a label-free manner. We identified LDs in foam cells by verifying the specific refractive index using correlative imaging comprising ODT integrated with three-dimensional fluorescence imaging. Through time-lapse monitoring of three-dimensional dynamics of label-free living foam cells, we precisely and quantitatively evaluated the therapeutic effects of a nanodrug (mannose-polyethylene glycol-glycol chitosan-fluorescein isothiocyanate-lobeglitazone; MMR-Lobe) designed to affect the targeted delivery of lobeglitazone to foam cells based on high mannose receptor specificity. Furthermore, by exploiting machine-learning-based image analysis, we further demonstrated therapeutic evaluation at the single-cell level. These findings suggest that refractive index measurement is a promising tool to explore new drugs against LD-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Park
- Gwangju Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Gwangju , 61186 , Korea
| | - Jae Won Ahn
- Department of Systems Biotechnology , Chung-Ang University , Anseong , Gyeonggi 17546 , Korea
| | - YoungJu Jo
- Department of Physics , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea
| | - Ha-Young Kang
- Gwangju Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Gwangju , 61186 , Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Cardiovascular Center , Korea University Guro Hospital , Seoul , 08308 , Korea
| | - Yeongmi Cheon
- Gwangju Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Gwangju , 61186 , Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Cardiovascular Center , Korea University Guro Hospital , Seoul , 08308 , Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea
- Tomocube Inc. , Daejeon , 34051 , Korea
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Gwangju , 61186 , Korea
| | - Kyeongsoon Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology , Chung-Ang University , Anseong , Gyeonggi 17546 , Korea
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62
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Real-time cholesterol sorting in Plasmodium falciparum-erythrocytes as revealed by 3D label-free imaging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2794. [PMID: 32066816 PMCID: PMC7026401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol, a necessary component of animal cell membranes, is also needed by the lethal human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Because P. falciparum lacks a cholesterol synthesis pathway and malaria patients have low blood cholesterol, we speculated that it scavenges cholesterol from them in some way. We used time-lapse holotomographic microscopy to observe cholesterol transport in live P. falciparum parasites and structurally investigate erythrocyte membranes, both during and after P. falciparum invasion of human erythrocytes. After P. falciparum initially acquired free cholesterol or inner erythrocytic membrane-derived cholesterol, we observed budding lipid membranes elongating into the cytosol and/or membrane segments migrating there and eventually fusing with the parasite membranes, presumably at the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM). Finally, the cholesterol-containing segments were seen to surround the parasite nucleus. Our imaging data suggest that a novel membrane transport system operates in the cytosol of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes as a cholesterol import system, likely between the PVM and the erythrocyte membrane, and that this transportation process occurs during the live erythrocyte stages of P. falciparum.
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Liu J, Liu J, Deng Q, Feng J, Zhou S, Hu S. Intensity modulation based optical proximity optimization for the maskless lithography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:548-557. [PMID: 32118980 DOI: 10.1364/oe.381503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The undesirable optical proximity effect (OPE) that appeared in the digital micro-mirrors device (DMD) based maskless lithography directly influences the final exposure pattern and decreases the lithography quality. In this manuscript, a convenient method of intensity modulation applied for the maskless lithography is proposed to optimize such an effect. According to the pulse width modulation based image recognition of DMD, we replaced the digital binary mask with a special digital grayscale mask to modulate the UV intensity distribution to be closer to the expectation in a way of point-by-point modification. The exposure result applying the grayscale mask has a better consistency with the design pattern than that for the case in which the original binary mask is used. The effectiveness of this method was analyzed by the image subtraction technique. Experimental data revealed that the matching rate between the exposure pattern and the mask pattern has been improved from 78% to 91%. Besides, more experiments have been conducted to verify the validity of this method for the optical proximity optimization and its potential in the high-fidelity DMD based maskless lithography.
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64
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Foucault L, Verrier N, Debailleul M, Courbot JB, Colicchio B, Simon B, Vonna L, Haeberlé O. Versatile transmission/reflection tomographic diffractive microscopy approach. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2019; 36:C18-C27. [PMID: 31873690 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.36.000c18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tomographic diffractive microscopy (TDM) has gained interest in recent years due to its ability to deliver high-resolution, three-dimensional images of unlabeled samples. It has been applied to transparent samples in transmission mode, as well as to surface studies in reflection mode. Mudry et al. [Opt. Lett.35, 1857 (2010)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.35.001857] introduced the concept of mirror-assisted TDM (MA-TDM), an elegant approach for achieving quasi-isotropic-resolution microscopic imaging, but which is still to be experimentally applied. In this work, we show that a simplified version of MA-TDM allows for transforming a reflective TDM setup into a more versatile instrument, also capable of observing transparent samples in transmission mode if using specific sample holders made out of a mirror and coated with a low-thickness transparent spacer.
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65
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Ryu D, Jo Y, Yoo J, Chang T, Ahn D, Kim YS, Kim G, Min HS, Park Y. Deep learning-based optical field screening for robust optical diffraction tomography. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15239. [PMID: 31645595 PMCID: PMC6811526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In tomographic reconstruction, the image quality of the reconstructed images can be significantly degraded by defects in the measured two-dimensional (2D) raw image data. Despite the importance of screening defective 2D images for robust tomographic reconstruction, manual inspection and rule-based automation suffer from low-throughput and insufficient accuracy, respectively. Here, we present deep learning-enabled quality control for holographic data to produce robust and high-throughput optical diffraction tomography (ODT). The key idea is to distil the knowledge of an expert into a deep convolutional neural network. We built an extensive database of optical field images with clean/noisy annotations, and then trained a binary-classification network based upon the data. The trained network outperformed visual inspection by non-expert users and a widely used rule-based algorithm, with >90% test accuracy. Subsequently, we confirmed that the superior screening performance significantly improved the tomogram quality. To further confirm the trained model's performance and generalisability, we evaluated it on unseen biological cell data obtained with a setup that was not used to generate the training dataset. Lastly, we interpreted the trained model using various visualisation techniques that provided the saliency map underlying each model inference. We envision the proposed network would a powerful lightweight module in the tomographic reconstruction pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongHun Ryu
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungJu Jo
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Tomocube, Inc., 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jihyeong Yoo
- Tomocube, Inc., 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea
| | - Taean Chang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewoong Ahn
- Tomocube, Inc., 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seo Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Tomocube, Inc., 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea.
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66
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Kandel ME, Hu C, Naseri Kouzehgarani G, Min E, Sullivan KM, Kong H, Li JM, Robson DN, Gillette MU, Best-Popescu C, Popescu G. Epi-illumination gradient light interference microscopy for imaging opaque structures. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4691. [PMID: 31619681 PMCID: PMC6795907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple scattering and absorption limit the depth at which biological tissues can be imaged with light. In thick unlabeled specimens, multiple scattering randomizes the phase of the field and absorption attenuates light that travels long optical paths. These obstacles limit the performance of transmission imaging. To mitigate these challenges, we developed an epi-illumination gradient light interference microscope (epi-GLIM) as a label-free phase imaging modality applicable to bulk or opaque samples. Epi-GLIM enables studying turbid structures that are hundreds of microns thick and otherwise opaque to transmitted light. We demonstrate this approach with a variety of man-made and biological samples that are incompatible with imaging in a transmission geometry: semiconductors wafers, specimens on opaque and birefringent substrates, cells in microplates, and bulk tissues. We demonstrate that the epi-GLIM data can be used to solve the inverse scattering problem and reconstruct the tomography of single cells and model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail E Kandel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chenfei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ghazal Naseri Kouzehgarani
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Eunjung Min
- Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Car R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer M Li
- Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Drew N Robson
- Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martha U Gillette
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Catherine Best-Popescu
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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67
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LEE KYEOREH, SHIN SEUNGWOO, YAQOOB ZAHID, SO PETERTC, PARK YONGKEUN. Low-coherent optical diffraction tomography by angle-scanning illumination. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800289. [PMID: 30597743 PMCID: PMC6470054 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Temporally low-coherent optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is proposed and demonstrated based on angle-scanning Mach-Zehnder interferometry. Using a digital micromirror device based on diffractive tilting, the full-field interference of incoherent light is successfully maintained during every angle-scanning sequences. Further, current ODT reconstruction principles for temporally incoherent illuminations are thoroughly reviewed and developed. Several limitations of incoherent illumination are also discussed, such as the nondispersive assumption, optical sectioning capacity and illumination angle limitation. Using the proposed setup and reconstruction algorithms, low-coherent ODT imaging of plastic microspheres, human red blood cells and rat pheochromocytoma cells is experimentally demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- KYEOREH LEE
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - SEUNGWOO SHIN
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - ZAHID YAQOOB
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - PETER T. C. SO
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - YONGKEUN PARK
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
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68
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Shin S, Kim J, Lee JR, Jeon EC, Je TJ, Lee W, Park Y. Enhancement of optical resolution in three-dimensional refractive-index tomograms of biological samples by employing micromirror-embedded coverslips. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:3484-3491. [PMID: 30303499 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00880a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) enables the reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) refractive-index (RI) distribution of a biological cell, which provides invaluable information for cellular and subcellular structures in a non-invasive manner. However, ODT suffers from an inferior axial resolution, due to the limited accessible angles imposed by the numerical aperture of the objective lens. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach to enhance the 3D reconstruction performance in ODT. By employing trapezoidal micromirrors, side scattered signals from the sample are measured for various side plane-wave-illumination angles. By combining the side scattered fields with the forward scattered fields, the axial resolution and 3D image quality of ODT are improved, without changing optical instruments. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by reconstructing the 3D RI distribution of a red blood cell and HeLa cells in hydrogel. We also present systematic analyses of the improved 3D imaging performance using numerical simulations and experimental measurements for the 3D transfer function, a point object, and a microsphere. The analyses demonstrate an improved axial resolution of 0.31 μm, 4.8 times smaller than that of the conventional method. The proposed method enables the non-invasive and accurate 3D imaging of 3D cultured cells, which is crucial for cell biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Shin
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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69
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Park C, Shin S, Park Y. Generalized quantification of three-dimensional resolution in optical diffraction tomography using the projection of maximal spatial bandwidths. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2018; 35:1891-1898. [PMID: 30461848 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.35.001891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is a three-dimensional (3D) quantitative phase imaging technique, which enables the reconstruction of the 3D refractive index (RI) distribution of a transparent sample. Due to its fast, non-invasive, and quantitative imaging capability, ODT has emerged as a powerful tool for various applications. However, the spatial resolution of ODT has only been quantified along the lateral and axial directions for limited conditions; it has not been investigated for arbitrary-oblique directions. In this paper, we systematically quantify the 3D spatial resolution of ODT by exploiting the spatial bandwidth of the reconstructed scattering potential. The 3D spatial resolution is calculated for various types of systems, including the illumination-scanning, sample-rotation, and hybrid scanning-rotation methods. In particular, using the calculated 3D spatial resolution, we provide the spatial resolution as well as the arbitrary sliced angle. Furthermore, to validate the present method, the point spread function of an ODT system is experimentally obtained using the deconvolution of a 3D RI distribution of a microsphere and is compared with the calculated resolution.
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70
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Kim G, Lee M, Youn S, Lee E, Kwon D, Shin J, Lee S, Lee YS, Park Y. Measurements of three-dimensional refractive index tomography and membrane deformability of live erythrocytes from Pelophylax nigromaculatus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9192. [PMID: 29907826 PMCID: PMC6003953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike mammalian erythrocytes, amphibian erythrocytes have distinct morphological features including large cell sizes and the presence of nuclei. The sizes of the cytoplasm and nuclei of erythrocytes vary significantly over different species, their environments, or pathophysiology, which makes hematological studies important for investigating amphibian species. Here, we present a label-free three-dimensional optical quantification of individual amphibian erythrocytes from frogs Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Rana nigromaculata). Using optical diffraction tomography, we measured three-dimensional refractive index (RI) tomograms of the cells, which clearly distinguished the cytoplasm and nuclei of the erythrocytes. From the measured RI tomograms, we extracted the relevant biochemical parameters of the cells, including hemoglobin contents and hemoglobin concentrations. Furthermore, we measured dynamic membrane fluctuations and investigated the mechanical properties of the cell membrane. From the statistical and correlative analysis of these retrieved parameters, we investigated interspecific differences between frogs and previously studied mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moosung Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - SeongYeon Youn
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - EuiTae Lee
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeheon Kwon
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghun Shin
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Sil Lee
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea.
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71
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Shin S, Kim D, Kim K, Park Y. Super-resolution three-dimensional fluorescence and optical diffraction tomography of live cells using structured illumination generated by a digital micromirror device. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9183. [PMID: 29907828 PMCID: PMC6004010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a multimodal approach for measuring the three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) and fluorescence distributions of live cells by combining optical diffraction tomography (ODT) and 3D structured illumination microscopy (SIM). A digital micromirror device is utilized to generate structured illumination patterns for both ODT and SIM, which enables fast and stable measurements. To verify its feasibility and applicability, the proposed method is used to measure the 3D RI distribution and 3D fluorescence image of various samples, including a cluster of fluorescent beads, and the time-lapse 3D RI dynamics of fluorescent beads inside a HeLa cell, from which the trajectory of the beads in the HeLa cell is analyzed using spatiotemporal correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Shin
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeon Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Tomocube, Inc., 48, Yuseong-daero 1184beon-gil, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., 48, Yuseong-daero 1184beon-gil, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea.
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72
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Qiao H, Wu J, Li X, Shoreh MH, Fan J, Dai Q. GPU-based deep convolutional neural network for tomographic phase microscopy with ℓ1 fitting and regularization. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-7. [PMID: 29905037 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.6.066003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tomographic phase microscopy (TPM) is a unique imaging modality to measure the three-dimensional refractive index distribution of transparent and semitransparent samples. However, the requirement of the dense sampling in a large range of incident angles restricts its temporal resolution and prevents its application in dynamic scenes. Here, we propose a graphics processing unit-based implementation of a deep convolutional neural network to improve the performance of phase tomography, especially with much fewer incident angles. As a loss function for the regularized TPM, the ℓ1-norm sparsity constraint is introduced for both data-fidelity term and gradient-domain regularizer in the multislice beam propagation model. We compare our method with several state-of-the-art algorithms and obtain at least 14 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio. Experimental results on HeLa cells are also shown with different levels of data reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiao
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Beijing, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Beijing, China
| | - Morteza H Shoreh
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Engineering, Laboratory of Optics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jingtao Fan
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Beijing, China
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Beijing, China
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73
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Li J, Chen Q, Sun J, Zhang J, Ding J, Zuo C. Three-dimensional tomographic microscopy technique with multi-frequency combination with partially coherent illuminations. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:2526-2542. [PMID: 30258670 PMCID: PMC6154200 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.002526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a three-dimensional (3D) optical diffraction tomographic technique with multi-frequency combination (MFC-ODT) for the 3D quantitative phase imaging of unlabeled specimens. Three sets of through-focus intensity images are captured under an annular aperture and two circular apertures with different coherence parameters. The 3D phase optical transfer functions (POTF) corresponding to different illumination apertures are combined to obtain a synthesized frequency response, achieving high-quality, low-noise 3D reconstructions with imaging resolution up to the incoherent diffraction limit. Besides, the expression of 3D POTF for arbitrary illumination pupils is derived and analyzed, and the 3D imaging performance of annular illumination is explored. It is shown that the phase-contrast washout effect in high-NA circular apertures can be effectively addressed by introducing a complementary annular aperture, which strongly boosts the phase contrast and improves the imaging resolution. By incorporating high-NA illumination as well as high-NA detection, MFC-ODT can achieve a theoretical transverse resolution up to 200 nm and an axial resolution of 645 nm. To test the feasibility of the proposed MFC-ODT technique, the 3D refractive index reconstruction results are based on a simulated 3D resolution target and experimental investigations of micro polystyrene bead and unstained biological samples are presented. Due to its capability for high-resolution 3D phase imaging as well as the compatibility with a widely available commercial microscope, the MFC-ODT is expected to find versatile applications in biological and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Li
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
| | - Jiasong Sun
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
| | - Junyi Ding
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
| | - Chao Zuo
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094,
China
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74
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Ling R, Tahir W, Lin HY, Lee H, Tian L. High-throughput intensity diffraction tomography with a computational microscope. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:2130-2141. [PMID: 29760975 PMCID: PMC5946776 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.002130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a motion-free intensity diffraction tomography technique that enables the direct inversion of 3D phase and absorption from intensity-only measurements for weakly scattering samples. We derive a novel linear forward model featuring slice-wise phase and absorption transfer functions using angled illumination. This new framework facilitates flexible and efficient data acquisition, enabling arbitrary sampling of the illumination angles. The reconstruction algorithm performs 3D synthetic aperture using a robust computation and memory efficient slice-wise deconvolution to achieve resolution up to the incoherent limit. We demonstrate our technique with thick biological samples having both sparse 3D structures and dense cell clusters. We further investigate the limitation of our technique when imaging strongly scattering samples. Imaging performance and the influence of multiple scattering is evaluated using a 3D sample consisting of stacked phase and absorption resolution targets. This computational microscopy system is directly built on a standard commercial microscope with a simple LED array source add-on, and promises broad applications by leveraging the ubiquitous microscopy platforms with minimal hardware modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Ling
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215,
USA
| | - Waleed Tahir
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215,
USA
| | - Hsing-Ying Lin
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114,
USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,
USA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114,
USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,
USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215,
USA
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75
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Zhang Y, Suo J, Wang Y, Dai Q. Doubling the pixel count limitation of single-pixel imaging via sinusoidal amplitude modulation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:6929-6942. [PMID: 29609379 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.006929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a single-pixel imaging (SPI) method that can achieve pixel resolution beyond the physical limitation of the spatial light modulator (SLM), by adopting sinusoidal amplitude modulation and frequency filtering. Through light field analysis, we observe that the induced intensity with a squared value of the amplitude contains higher frequency components. By filtering out the zero frequency of the sinusoidal amplitude in the Fourier domain, we can separate out the higher frequency components, which enables SPI with higher resolving ability and thus beyond the limitation of the SLM. Further, to address the speed issue in grayscale spatial light modulation, we propose a fast implementation scheme with tens-of-kilohertz refresh rate. Specifically, we use a digital micromirror device (DMD) working at the full frame rate to conduct binarized sinusoidal patterning in the spatial domain and pinhole filtering eliminating the binarization error in the Fourier domain. For experimental validation, we build a single-pixel microscope to retrieve 1200 × 1200-pixel images via a sub-megapixel DMD, and the setup achieves comparable performance to array sensor microscopy and provides additional sectioning ability.
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76
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Merola F, Memmolo P, Miccio L, Mugnano M, Ferraro P. Phase contrast tomography at lab on chip scale by digital holography. Methods 2018; 136:108-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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77
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Muller MS, Elsner AE. Confocal Retinal Imaging Using a Digital Light Projector with a Near Infrared VCSEL Source. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2018; 10546. [PMID: 29899586 DOI: 10.1117/12.2290286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A custom near infrared VCSEL source has been implemented in a confocal non-mydriatic retinal camera, the Digital Light Ophthalmoscope (DLO). The use of near infrared light improves patient comfort, avoids pupil constriction, penetrates the deeper retina, and does not mask visual stimuli. The DLO performs confocal imaging by synchronizing a sequence of lines displayed with a digital micromirror device to the rolling shutter exposure of a 2D CMOS camera. Real-time software adjustments enable multiply scattered light imaging, which rapidly and cost-effectively emphasizes drusen and other scattering disruptions in the deeper retina. A separate 5.1″ LCD display provides customizable visible stimuli for vision experiments with simultaneous near infrared imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Muller
- Aeon Imaging, LLC, 501 S Madison St., Ste. 103, Bloomington, IN, USA 47403-2452
| | - Ann E Elsner
- Aeon Imaging, LLC, 501 S Madison St., Ste. 103, Bloomington, IN, USA 47403-2452.,School of Optometry, Indiana University, 800 Atwater Ave., Bloomington, IN USA 47405-3635
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78
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Jin D, Zhou R, Yaqoob Z, So PTC. Tomographic phase microscopy: principles and applications in bioimaging [Invited]. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. B, OPTICAL PHYSICS 2018; 34:B64-B77. [PMID: 29386746 PMCID: PMC5788179 DOI: 10.1364/josab.34.000b64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Tomographic phase microscopy (TPM) is an emerging optical microscopic technique for bioimaging. TPM uses digital holographic measurements of complex scattered fields to reconstruct three-dimensional refractive index (RI) maps of cells with diffraction-limited resolution by solving inverse scattering problems. In this paper, we review the developments of TPM from the fundamental physics to its applications in bioimaging. We first provide a comprehensive description of the tomographic reconstruction physical models used in TPM. The RI map reconstruction algorithms and various regularization methods are discussed. Selected TPM applications for cellular imaging, particularly in hematology, are reviewed. Finally, we examine the limitations of current TPM systems, propose future solutions, and envision promising directions in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Renjie Zhou
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Zahid Yaqoob
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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79
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Kim G, Lee S, Shin S, Park Y. Three-dimensional label-free imaging and analysis of Pinus pollen grains using optical diffraction tomography. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1782. [PMID: 29379106 PMCID: PMC5788986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of pollen grains is related to the reproductive function of the plants. Here, three-dimensional (3D) refractive index maps were obtained for individual conifer pollen grains using optical diffraction tomography (ODT). The 3D morphological features of pollen grains from pine trees were investigated using measured refractive index maps, in which distinct substructures were clearly distinguished and analyzed. Morphological and physiochemical parameters of the pollen grains were quantified from the obtained refractive index (RI) maps and used to quantitatively study the interspecific differences of pollen grains from different strains. Our results demonstrate that ODT can assess the structure of pollen grains. This label-free and rapid 3D imaging approach may provide a new platform for understanding the physiology of pollen grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Shin
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., 48 Yuseong-daero 1184 Beon-gil, 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea.
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80
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Jin D, Zhou R, Yaqoob Z, So PTC. Dynamic spatial filtering using a digital micromirror device for high-speed optical diffraction tomography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:428-437. [PMID: 29328319 PMCID: PMC5901071 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.000428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is an emerging microscopy technique for three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) mapping of transparent specimens. Recently, the digital micromirror device (DMD) based scheme for angle-controlled plane wave illumination has been proposed to improve the imaging speed and stability of ODT. However, undesired diffraction noise always exists in the reported DMD-based illumination scheme, which leads to a limited contrast ratio of the measurement fringe and hence inaccurate RI mapping. Here we present a novel spatial filtering method, based on a second DMD, to dynamically remove the diffraction noise. The reported results illustrate significantly enhanced image quality of the obtained interferograms and the subsequently derived phase maps. And moreover, with this method, we demonstrate mapping of 3D RI distribution of polystyrene beads as well as biological cells with high accuracy. Importantly, with the proper hardware configuration, our method does not compromise the 3D imaging speed advantage promised by the DMD-based illumination scheme. Specifically, we have been able to successfully obtain interferograms at over 1 kHz speed, which is critical for potential high-throughput label-free 3D image cytometry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jin
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Renjie Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zahid Yaqoob
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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81
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Kim K, Park WS, Na S, Kim S, Kim T, Heo WD, Park Y. Correlative three-dimensional fluorescence and refractive index tomography: bridging the gap between molecular specificity and quantitative bioimaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:5688-5697. [PMID: 29296497 PMCID: PMC5745112 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.005688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) provides label-free three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) measurement of biological samples. However, due to the nature of the RI values of biological specimens, ODT has limited access to molecular specific information. Here, we present an optical setup combining ODT with three-channel 3D fluorescence microscopy, to enhance the molecular specificity of the 3D RI measurement. The 3D RI distribution and 3D deconvoluted fluorescence images of HeLa cells and NIH-3T3 cells are measured, and the cross-correlative analysis between RI and fluorescence of live cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Current address: Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wei Sun Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- TomoCube Inc., Daejeon 34051, South Korea
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82
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Kuś A. Illumination-related errors in limited-angle optical diffraction tomography. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:9247-9256. [PMID: 29216097 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.009247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the paper, the design and tolerances of optical systems and scanning components used in limited-angle optical diffraction tomography are analyzed in order to improve the performance of the measurement systems and to encourage the application of tomography as a standard method for quantitative analysis of 3D refractive index distribution in biological microstructures. The first part of the presented analysis consists of component selection for the scanning device and optical system in the illumination part of the setup and the influence of the illumination wavefront on reconstruction quality. In the second part, the sensitivity of the tomographic reconstruction quality to three representative measurement-related errors based on synthetic data is demonstrated. Finally, a configuration of the system, selected to minimize reconstruction errors, is proposed and alignment tolerances simulated using the Monte Carlo method are provided.
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83
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Lee M, Shin S, Park Y. Reconstructions of refractive index tomograms via a discrete algebraic reconstruction technique. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:27415-27430. [PMID: 29092215 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.027415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) provides three-dimensional refractive index (RI) tomograms of a transparent microscopic object. However, because of the finite numerical aperture of objective lenses, ODT has a limited access to diffracted light and suffers from poor spatial resolution, particularly along the axial direction. To overcome the limitation of the quality of RI tomography, we present an algorithm that accurately reconstructs RI tomography of a specimen with discrete and uniform RI, using prior information about the RI levels. Through simulations and experiments on various samples, including microspheres, red blood cells, and water droplets, we show that the proposed method can precisely reconstruct RI tomograms of samples which have discrete and homogenous RI distributions in the presence of the missing information and noise.
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84
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Generalized image deconvolution by exploiting the transmission matrix of an optical imaging system. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8961. [PMID: 28827525 PMCID: PMC5566428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Intact optical information of an object delivered through an imaging system is deteriorated by imperfect optical elements and unwanted defects. Image deconvolution has been widely exploited as a recovery technique due to its practical feasibility, and operates by assuming linear shift-invariant property of the imaging system. However, shift invariance does not rigorously hold in all imaging situations and is not a necessary condition for solving an inverse problem of light propagation. Several improved deconvolution techniques exploiting spatially variant point spread functions have been proposed in previous studies. However, the full characterization of an optical imaging system for compensating aberrations has not been considered. Here, we present a generalized method to solve the linear inverse problem of coherent light propagations without any regularization method or constraint on shift invariance by fully measuring the transmission matrix of the imaging system. Our results show that severe aberrations produced by a tilted lens or an inserted disordered layer can be corrected properly only by the proposed generalized image deconvolution. This work generalizes the theory of image deconvolution, and enables distortion-free imaging under general imaging condition.
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85
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Park G, Han D, Kim G, Shin S, Kim K, Park JK, Park Y. Visualization and label-free quantification of microfluidic mixing using quantitative phase imaging. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:6341-6347. [PMID: 29047833 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.006341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic mixing plays a key role in various fields, including biomedicine and chemical engineering. To date, although various approaches for imaging microfluidic mixing have been proposed, they provide only quantitative imaging capability and require exogenous labeling agents. Quantitative phase imaging techniques, however, circumvent these problems and offer label-free quantitative information about concentration maps of microfluidic mixing. We present the quantitative phase imaging of microfluidic mixing in various types of polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic channels with different geometries; the feasibility of the present method was validated by comparing it with the results obtained by theoretical calculation based on Fick's law.
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86
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Yoon J, Jo Y, Kim MH, Kim K, Lee S, Kang SJ, Park Y. Identification of non-activated lymphocytes using three-dimensional refractive index tomography and machine learning. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6654. [PMID: 28751719 PMCID: PMC5532204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of lymphocyte cell types are crucial for understanding their pathophysiological roles in human diseases. Current methods for discriminating lymphocyte cell types primarily rely on labelling techniques with magnetic beads or fluorescence agents, which take time and have costs for sample preparation and may also have a potential risk of altering cellular functions. Here, we present the identification of non-activated lymphocyte cell types at the single-cell level using refractive index (RI) tomography and machine learning. From the measurements of three-dimensional RI maps of individual lymphocytes, the morphological and biochemical properties of the cells are quantitatively retrieved. To construct cell type classification models, various statistical classification algorithms are compared, and the k-NN (k = 4) algorithm was selected. The algorithm combines multiple quantitative characteristics of the lymphocyte to construct the cell type classifiers. After optimizing the feature sets via cross-validation, the trained classifiers enable identification of three lymphocyte cell types (B, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T cells) with high sensitivity and specificity. The present method, which combines RI tomography and machine learning for the first time to our knowledge, could be a versatile tool for investigating the pathophysiological roles of lymphocytes in various diseases including cancers, autoimmune diseases, and virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghee Yoon
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - YoungJu Jo
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea.
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87
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Label-free high-resolution 3-D imaging of gold nanoparticles inside live cells using optical diffraction tomography. Methods 2017; 136:160-167. [PMID: 28723583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into live cells has high potentials, ranging from molecular-specific imaging, photodiagnostics, to photothermal therapy. However, studying the long-term dynamics of cells with GNPs using conventional fluorescence techniques suffers from phototoxicity and photobleaching. Here, we present a method for 3-D imaging of GNPs inside live cells exploiting refractive index (RI) as imaging contrast. Employing optical diffraction tomography, 3-D RI tomograms of live cells with GNPs are precisely measured for an extended period with sub-micrometer resolution. The locations and contents of GNPs in live cells are precisely addressed and quantified due to their distinctly high RI values, which was validated by confocal fluorescence imaging of fluorescent dye conjugated GNPs. In addition, we perform quantitative imaging analysis including the segmentations of GNPs in the cytosol, the volume distributions of aggregated GNPs, and the temporal evolution of GNPs contents in HeLa and 4T1 cells.
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88
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Sun A, He X, Kong Y, Cui H, Song X, Xue L, Wang S, Liu C. Ultra-high speed digital micro-mirror device based ptychographic iterative engine method. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3155-3162. [PMID: 28717560 PMCID: PMC5508821 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the long data acquisition time of the common mechanical scanning based Ptychographic Iterative Engine (PIE) technique, the digital micro-mirror device (DMD) is used to form the fast scanning illumination on the sample. Since the transverse mechanical scanning in the common PIE is replaced by the on/off switching of the micro-mirrors, the data acquisition time can be reduced from more than 15 minutes to less than 20 seconds for recording 12 × 10 diffraction patterns to cover the same field of 147.08 mm2. Furthermore, since the precision of DMD fabricated with the optical lithography is always higher than 10 nm (1 μm for the mechanical translation stage), the time consuming position-error-correction procedure is not required in the iterative reconstruction. These two improvements fundamentally speed up both the data acquisition and the reconstruction procedures in PIE, and relax its requirements on the stability of the imaging system, therefore remarkably improve its applicability for many practices. It is demonstrated experimentally with both USAF resolution target and biological sample that, the spatial resolution of 5.52 μm and the field of view of 147.08 mm2 can be reached with the DMD based PIE method. In a word, by using the DMD to replace the translation stage, we can effectively overcome the main shortcomings of common PIE related to the mechanical scanning, while keeping its advantages on both the high resolution and large field of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihui Sun
- Department of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaoliang He
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Department of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Haoyang Cui
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiaojun Song
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Liang Xue
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Department of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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89
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Yang SA, Yoon J, Kim K, Park Y. Measurements of morphological and biophysical alterations in individual neuron cells associated with early neurotoxic effects in Parkinson's disease. Cytometry A 2017. [PMID: 28426150 DOI: 10.1101/080937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. However, therapeutic methods of PD are still limited due to complex pathophysiology in PD. Here, optical measurements of individual neurons from in vitro PD model using optical diffraction tomography (ODT) are presented. By measuring 3D refractive index distribution of neurons, morphological and biophysical alterations in in-vitro PD model are quantitatively investigated. It was found that neurons show apoptotic features in early PD progression. The present approach will open up new opportunities for quantitative investigation of the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative diseases. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-A Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jonghee Yoon
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Tomocube, Inc, Daejeon, 34051, South Korea
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90
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Refractive index tomograms and dynamic membrane fluctuations of red blood cells from patients with diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1039. [PMID: 28432323 PMCID: PMC5430658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present the optical characterisations of diabetic red blood cells (RBCs) in a non-invasive manner employing three-dimensional (3-D) quantitative phase imaging. By measuring 3-D refractive index tomograms and 2-D time-series phase images, the morphological (volume, surface area and sphericity), biochemical (haemoglobin concentration and content) and mechanical (membrane fluctuation) parameters were quantitatively retrieved at the individual cell level. With simultaneous measurements of individual cell properties, systematic correlative analyses on retrieved RBC parameters were also performed. Our measurements show there exist no statistically significant alterations in morphological and biochemical parameters of diabetic RBCs, compared to those of healthy (non-diabetic) RBCs. In contrast, membrane deformability of diabetic RBCs is significantly lower than that of healthy, non-diabetic RBCs. Interestingly, non-diabetic RBCs exhibit strong correlations between the elevated glycated haemoglobin in RBC cytoplasm and decreased cell deformability, whereas diabetic RBCs do not show correlations. Our observations strongly support the idea that slow and irreversible glycation of haemoglobin and membrane proteins of RBCs by hyperglycaemia significantly compromises RBC deformability in diabetic patients.
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91
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Yang SA, Yoon J, Kim K, Park Y. Measurements of morphological and biophysical alterations in individual neuron cells associated with early neurotoxic effects in Parkinson's disease. Cytometry A 2017; 91:510-518. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su-A Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 34141 South Korea
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Jonghee Yoon
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
- Department of Physics; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
- Department of Physics; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
- Department of Physics; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 South Korea
- Tomocube, Inc; Daejeon 34051 South Korea
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92
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Zheng C, Zhou R, Kuang C, Zhao G, Yaqoob Z, So PTC. Digital micromirror device-based common-path quantitative phase imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1448-1451. [PMID: 28362789 PMCID: PMC5730056 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel common-path quantitative phase imaging (QPI) method based on a digital micromirror device (DMD). The DMD is placed in a plane conjugate to the objective back-aperture plane for the purpose of generating two plane waves that illuminate the sample. A pinhole is used in the detection arm to filter one of the beams after sample to create a reference beam. Additionally, a transmission-type liquid crystal device, placed at the objective back-aperture plane, eliminates the specular reflection noise arising from all the "off" state DMD micromirrors, which is common in all DMD-based illuminations. We have demonstrated high sensitivity QPI, which has a measured spatial and temporal noise of 4.92 nm and 2.16 nm, respectively. Experiments with calibrated polystyrene beads illustrate the desired phase measurement accuracy. In addition, we have measured the dynamic height maps of red blood cell membrane fluctuations, showing the efficacy of the proposed system for live cell imaging. Most importantly, the DMD grants the system convenience in varying the interference fringe period on the camera to easily satisfy the pixel sampling conditions. This feature also alleviates the pinhole alignment complexity. We envision that the proposed DMD-based common-path QPI system will allow for system miniaturization and automation for a broader adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Renjie Zhou
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Cuifang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guangyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zahid Yaqoob
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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93
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Kim TI, Kwon B, Yoon J, Park IJ, Bang GS, Park Y, Seo YS, Choi SY. Antibacterial Activities of Graphene Oxide-Molybdenum Disulfide Nanocomposite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7908-7917. [PMID: 28198615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene-based materials and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets, are promising materials for biomedical applications owing to their remarkable cytocompatibility and physicochemical properties. On the basis of their potent antibacterial properties, 2D materials have potential as antibacterial films, wherein the 2D nanosheets are immobilized on the surface and the bacteria may contact with the basal planes of 2D nanosheets dominantly rather than contact with the sharp edges of nanosheets. To address these points, in this study, we prepared an effective antibacterial surface consisting of representative 2D materials, i.e., graphene oxide (GO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), formed into nanosheets on a transparent substrate for real device applications. The antimicrobial properties of the GO-MoS2 nanocomposite surface toward the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were investigated, and the GO-MoS2 nanocomposite exhibited enhanced antimicrobial effects with increased glutathione oxidation capacity and partial conductivity. Furthermore, direct imaging of continuous morphological destruction in the individual bacterial cells having contacts with the GO-MoS2 nanocomposite surface was characterized by holotomographic (HT) microscopy, which could be used to detect the refractive index (RI) distribution of each voxel in bacterial cell and reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) mapping images of bacteria. In this regard, the decreases in both the volume (67.2%) and the dry mass (78.8%) of bacterial cells that came in contact with the surface for 80 min were quantitatively measured, and releasing of intracellular components mediated by membrane and oxidative stress was observed. Our findings provided new insights into the antibacterial properties of 2D nanocomposite film with label-free tracing of bacterial cell which improve our understanding of antimicrobial activities and opened a window for the 2D nanocomposite as a practical antibacterial film in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonghee Yoon
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - YongKeun Park
- TOMOCUBE, Incorporated, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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94
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Lee K, Kim K, Kim G, Shin S, Park Y. Time-multiplexed structured illumination using a DMD for optical diffraction tomography. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:999-1002. [PMID: 28248352 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.000999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We present a time-multiplexing structured illumination control technique for optical diffraction tomography (ODT). Instead of tilting the angle of illumination, time-multiplexed sinusoidal illumination is exploited using a digital micromirror device (DMD). The present method effectively eliminates unwanted diffracted beams from binary DMD patterns, which deteriorates the image quality of the ODT in the previous binary Lee hologram method. We experimentally show the feasibility and advantage of the present method by reconstructing three-dimensional refractive index distributions of various samples and comparing with a conventional Lee hologram method.
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95
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Measuring cell surface area and deformability of individual human red blood cells over blood storage using quantitative phase imaging. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34257. [PMID: 27698484 PMCID: PMC5048416 DOI: 10.1038/srep34257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The functionality and viability of stored human red blood cells (RBCs) is an important clinical issue in transfusions. To systematically investigate changes in stored whole blood, the hematological properties of individual RBCs were quantified in blood samples stored for various periods with and without a preservation solution called citrate phosphate dextrose adenine-1 (CPDA-1). With 3-D quantitative phase imaging techniques, the optical measurements for 3-D refractive index (RI) distributions and membrane fluctuations were done at the individual cell level. From the optical measurements, the morphological (volume, surface area and sphericity), biochemical (hemoglobin content and concentration), and mechanical parameters (dynamic membrane fluctuation) were simultaneously quantified to investigate the functionalities and progressive alterations of stored RBCs. Our results show that stored RBCs without CPDA-1 had a dramatic morphological transformation from discocytes to spherocytes within two weeks which was accompanied by significant decreases in cell deformability and cell surface area, and increases in sphericity. However, the stored RBCs with CPDA-1 maintained their morphology and deformability for up to 6 weeks.
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96
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Niu J, Ben Johny M, Dick IE, Inoue T. Following Optogenetic Dimerizers and Quantitative Prospects. Biophys J 2016; 111:1132-1140. [PMID: 27542508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics describes the use of genetically encoded photosensitive proteins to direct intended biological processes with light in recombinant and native systems. While most of these light-responsive proteins were originally discovered in photosynthetic organisms, the past few decades have been punctuated by experiments that not only commandeer but also engineer and enhance these natural tools to explore a wide variety of physiological questions. In addition, the ability to tune dynamic range and kinetic rates of optogenetic actuators is a challenging question that is heavily explored with computational methods devised to facilitate optimization of these systems. Here, we explain the basic mechanisms of a few popular photodimerizing optogenetic systems, discuss applications, compare optogenetic tools against more traditional chemical methods, and propose a simple quantitative understanding of how actuators exert their influence on targeted processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Manu Ben Johny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ivy E Dick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Takanari Inoue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; The Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
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97
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Label-free optical quantification of structural alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31034. [PMID: 27485313 PMCID: PMC4971571 DOI: 10.1038/srep31034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a wide-field quantitative label-free imaging of mouse brain tissue slices with sub-micrometre resolution, employing holographic microscopy and an automated scanning platform. From the measured light field images, scattering coefficients and anisotropies are quantitatively retrieved by using the modified the scattering-phase theorem, which enables access to structural information about brain tissues. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that these scattering parameters enable us to quantitatively address structural alteration in the brain tissues of mice with Alzheimer’s disease.
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98
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Vishnyakov G, Levin G, Minaev V, Latushko M, Nekrasov N, Pickalov V. Differential interference contrast tomography. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:3037-3040. [PMID: 27367095 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a new approach to optical tomography of phase objects that is referred to as differential interference contrast tomography (DICT). The main feature of DICT is that the result of tomographic reconstruction is a 3D DIC image. This image is described by partial derivative of 3D refractive index distribution in one direction. The DICT setup consists of a lateral shearing phase-shifting interference microscope with low-coherent LED illumination. To create projections of the sample at various illumination angles, an angular scanning beam was used. 3D DIC tomograms of a white blood cell are presented. The comparison between the reconstructed DIC tomogram slices and the conventional DIC images of the same sample at the same depths are also represented.
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99
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Lee SY, Park HJ, Best-Popescu C, Jang S, Park YK. The Effects of Ethanol on the Morphological and Biochemical Properties of Individual Human Red Blood Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145327. [PMID: 26690915 PMCID: PMC4699194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the results of a study on the effects of ethanol exposure on human red blood cells (RBCs) using quantitative phase imaging techniques at the level of individual cells. Three-dimensional refractive index tomograms and dynamic membrane fluctuations of RBCs were measured using common-path diffraction optical tomography, from which morphological (volume, surface area, and sphericity); biochemical (hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and Hb content); and biomechanical (membrane fluctuation) parameters were retrieved at various concentrations of ethanol. RBCs exposed to the ethanol concentration of 0.1 and 0.3% v/v exhibited cell sphericities higher than those of normal cells. However, mean surface area and sphericity of RBCs in a lethal alcoholic condition (0.5% v/v) are not statistically different with those of healthy RBCs. Meanwhile, significant decreases of Hb content and concentration in RBC cytoplasm at the lethal condition were observed. Furthermore, dynamic fluctuation of RBC membranes increased significantly upon ethanol treatments, indicating ethanol-induced membrane fluidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yun Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Catherine Best-Popescu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Seongsoo Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Keun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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100
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Martinez-Torres C, Laperrousaz B, Berguiga L, Boyer-Provera E, Elezgaray J, Nicolini FE, Maguer-Satta V, Arneodo A, Argoul F. Deciphering the internal complexity of living cells with quantitative phase microscopy: a multiscale approach. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:096005. [PMID: 26334978 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.9.096005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of refractive indices (RIs) of a living cell contributes in a nonintuitive manner to its optical phase image and quite rarely can be inverted to recover its internal structure. The interpretation of the quantitative phase images of living cells remains a difficult task because (1) we still have very little knowledge on the impact of its internal macromolecular complexes on the local RI and (2) phase changes produced by light propagation through the sample are mixed with diffraction effects by the internal cell bodies. We propose to implement a two-dimensional wavelet-based contour chain detection method to distinguish internal boundaries based on their greatest optical path difference gradients. These contour chains correspond to the highest image phase contrast and follow the local RI inhomogeneities linked to the intracellular structural intricacy. Their statistics and spatial distribution are the morphological indicators suited for comparing cells of different origins and/or to follow their transformation in pathologic situations. We use this method to compare nonadherent blood cells from primary and laboratory culture origins and to assess the internal transformation of hematopoietic stem cells by the transduction of the BCR-ABL oncogene responsible for the chronic myelogenous leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martinez-Torres
- CNRS UMR5672, Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, FrancebUniversité de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bastien Laperrousaz
- CNRS UMR5672, Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, FrancebUniversité de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, FrancecCNRS UMR5286, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérolog
| | - Lotfi Berguiga
- Université de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, FrancedCNRS USR3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Elise Boyer-Provera
- CNRS UMR5672, Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, FrancebUniversité de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Juan Elezgaray
- CNRS UMR5248, Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-objets, Allée de Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Franck E Nicolini
- Université de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, FrancecCNRS UMR5286, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, FrancefHospices Civils de Lyon, Hematology Department, Centre Hospitali
| | - Veronique Maguer-Satta
- Université de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, FrancecCNRS UMR5286, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Alain Arneodo
- CNRS UMR5672, Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, FrancebUniversité de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Françoise Argoul
- CNRS UMR5672, Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, FrancebUniversité de Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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