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Munch Nielsen C, Gupta N, Knudsen LE, Holtermann A. Association of objectively measured occupational walking and standing still with low back pain: a cross-sectional study. ERGONOMICS 2017; 60:118-126. [PMID: 26968200 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1164901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigated the association of objectively measured walking and standing still time at work with low back pain (LBP) intensity among blue-collar workers. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS 187 workers attached two accelerometers for diurnal standing still and walking measurements, which were categorised using tertiles. Workers' self-reported LBP intensity (scale 0-9) was categorised into low (0-5) and high pain (6-9). RESULTS Of the 187 workers, 17% reported a high level of LBP. Results of the multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated a negative association between walking and high LBP intensity (OR 0.24 CL 95% 0.07 to 0.79). The results between standing still and high LBP intensity were mixed and non-significant. CONCLUSION Blue-collar workers who walk more at work tend to have low LBP. These results should be verified using objective measures in a prospective design. Practitioner Summary: Most studies on the association of occupational walking and standing still with LBP have used poor self-reported measures. This study investigated the association of objectively measured time spent walking and standing still at work with LBP among blue-collar workers. A significant negative association between walking and LBP was found. However, because of the cross-sectional design, these results should be further investigated in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Munch Nielsen
- a Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- a Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Lisbeth E Knudsen
- b Department of Public Health , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen K , Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- a Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
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Villumsen M, Madeleine P, Jørgensen MB, Holtermann A, Samani A. The variability of the trunk forward bending in standing activities during work vs. leisure time. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 58:273-280. [PMID: 27633222 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High level of occupational physical activity (PA), contrary to leisure time activities, is generally associated with detrimental health outcomes. We hypothesized that this contrast may be associated with a different pattern of exposure variability in PA, e.g., forward bending of the trunk. The study was conducted on 657 blue-collar workers. Two accelerometers were used to identify the body posture and forward bending of the trunk during work and leisure time. The pattern of forward bending was analyzed using exposure variation analysis (EVA). The recordings comprised of 2.6 ± 0.97 working days in average, with 19.9 ± 8.1 h work and 22.9 ± 8.9 h leisure. The standard deviation and entropy of the EVA profile indicated 11% and 6% (for about 80% of subjects) less variable pattern during work compared with the leisure time, respectively. These new findings contribute to the understanding the paradoxical outcomes of PA during work and leisure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Villumsen
- Physical Activity and Human Performance - SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Selma Lagerløfs Vej 2, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pascal Madeleine
- Physical Activity and Human Performance - SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marie Birk Jørgensen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Physical Activity and Health in Work Life, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Afshin Samani
- Physical Activity and Human Performance - SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Brandt M, Andersen LL. Factors affecting pain relief in response to physical exercise interventions among healthcare workers. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1854-1863. [PMID: 28028866 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with musculo-skeletal pain reduction during workplace-based or home-based physical exercise interventions among healthcare workers. Two hundred female healthcare workers (age: 42.0, BMI: 24.1, average pain intensity: 3.1 on a scale of 0-10) from three hospitals participated. Participants were randomly allocated at the cluster level (18 departments) to 10 weeks of (i) workplace physical exercise (WORK) performed in groups during working hours for 5 × 10 minutes per week and up to five group-based coaching sessions on motivation for regular physical exercise, or (ii) home-based physical exercise (HOME) performed alone during leisure-time for 5 × 10 minutes per week. Linear mixed models accounting for cluster identified factors affecting pain reduction. On average 2.2 (SD: 1.1) and 1.0 (SD: 1.2) training sessions were performed per week in WORK and HOME, respectively. The multi-adjusted analysis showed a significant effect on pain reduction of both training adherence (P=.04) and intervention group (P=.04) with participants in WORK experiencing greater reductions compared with HOME. Obesity at baseline was associated with better outcome. Leisure-time exercise, daily patient transfer, age, and chronic pain did not affect the changes in pain. In conclusion, even when adjusted for training adherence, performing physical exercise at the workplace is more effective than home-based exercise in reducing musculo-skeletal pain in healthcare workers. Noteworthy, obese individuals may especially benefit from physical exercise interventions targeting musculo-skeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Brandt
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - L L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Christensen JR, Bredahl TVG, Hadrévi J, Sjøgaard G, Søgaard K. Background, design and conceptual model of the cluster randomized multiple-component workplace study: FRamed Intervention to Decrease Occupational Muscle pain - "FRIDOM". BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1116. [PMID: 27776506 PMCID: PMC5078938 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several RCT studies have aimed to reduce either musculoskeletal disorders, sickness presenteeism, sickness absenteeism or a combination of these among females with high physical work demands. These studies have provided evidence that workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions are effective, but long-term effects are still uncertain. These studies either lack to succeed in maintaining intervention effects or lack to document if effects are maintained past a one-year period. This paper describes the background, design and conceptual model of the FRIDOM (FRamed Intervention to Decrease Occupational Muscle pain) WHP program among health care workers. A job group characterized by having high physical work demands, musculoskeletal disorders, high sickness presenteeism - and absenteeism. Methods FRIDOM aimed to reduce neck and shoulder pain. Secondary aims were to decrease sickness presenteeism, sickness absenteeism and lifestyle-diseases such as other musculoskeletal disorders as well as metabolic-, and cardiovascular disorders – and to maintain participation to regular physical exercise training, after a one year intervention period. The entire concept was tailored to a population of female health care workers. This was done through a multi-component intervention including 1) intelligent physical exercise training (IPET), dietary advice and weight loss (DAW) and cognitive behavioural training (CBT). Discussion The FRIDOM program has the potential to provide evidence-based knowledge of the pain reducing effect of a multi component WHP among a female group of employees with a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and in a long term perspective evaluate the effects on sickness presenteeism and absenteeism as well as risk of life-style diseases. Trial registration NCT02843269, 06.27.2016 - retrospectively registered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3758-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Reffstrup Christensen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Viskum Gjelstrup Bredahl
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jenny Hadrévi
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gisela Sjøgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
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Sundstrup E, Jakobsen MD, Thorsen SV, Andersen LL. Regular use of medication for musculoskeletal pain and risk of long-term sickness absence: A prospective cohort study among the general working population. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:366-373. [PMID: 27564210 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to determine the prospective association between use of pain medication - due to musculoskeletal pain in the low back, neck/shoulder and hand/wrist - and long-term sickness absence. METHODS Cox-regression analysis was performed to estimate the prospective association between regular use of pain medication and long-term sickness absence (LTSA; at least 6 consecutive weeks) among 9,544 employees from the general working population (Danish Work Environment Cohort Study 2010) and free from LTSA during 2009-2010. The fully adjusted model was controlled for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, leisure physical activity, job group, physical activity at work, psychosocial work environment, pain intensity, mental health and chronic disease. RESULTS In 2010, the proportion of regular pain medication users due to musculoskeletal disorders was 20.8%: 13.4% as over-the-counter (i.e. non-prescription) and 7.4% as doctor prescribed. In the fully adjusted model, regular use of over-the-counter [HR 1.44 (95% CI 1.13-1.83)] and doctor prescribed (HR 2.18 (95% CI 1.67-2.86)) pain medication were prospectively associated with LTSA. CONCLUSIONS Regular use of pain medication due to musculoskeletal pain is prospectively associated with LTSA even when adjusted for pain intensity. This study suggests that use of pain medication can be an important factor to be aware of in the prevention of sickness absence. Thus, regular use of pain medication - and not solely the intensity of pain - can be an early indicator that musculoskeletal pain can lead to serious consequences such as long-term sickness absence. SIGNIFICANCE Use of medication due to musculoskeletal pain is prospectively associated with long-term sickness absence even when adjusted for pain intensity. Use of pain medication can be a red flag to be aware of in the prevention of sickness absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M D Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S V Thorsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
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Brakenridge CL, Fjeldsoe BS, Young DC, Winkler EAH, Dunstan DW, Straker LM, Brakenridge CJ, Healy GN. Organizational-Level Strategies With or Without an Activity Tracker to Reduce Office Workers' Sitting Time: Rationale and Study Design of a Pilot Cluster-Randomized Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2016; 5:e73. [PMID: 27226457 PMCID: PMC4909392 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.5438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The office workplace is a key setting in which to address excessive sitting time and inadequate physical activity. One major influence on workplace sitting is the organizational environment. However, the impact of organizational-level strategies on individual level activity change is unknown. Further, the emergence of sophisticated, consumer-targeted wearable activity trackers that facilitate real-time self-monitoring of activity, may be a useful adjunct to support organizational-level strategies, but to date have received little evaluation in this workplace setting. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of organizational-level strategies with or without an activity tracker on sitting, standing, and stepping in office workers in the short (3 months, primary aim) and long-term (12 months, secondary aim). Methods This study is a pilot, cluster-randomized trial (with work teams as the unit of clustering) of two interventions in office workers: organizational-level support strategies (eg, visible management support, emails) or organizational-level strategies plus the use of a waist-worn activity tracker (the LUMOback) that enables self-monitoring of sitting, standing, and stepping time and enables users to set sitting and posture alerts. The key intervention message is to ‘Stand Up, Sit Less, and Move More.’ Intervention elements will be implemented from within the organization by the Head of Workplace Wellbeing. Participants will be recruited via email and enrolled face-to-face. Assessments will occur at baseline, 3, and 12 months. Time spent sitting, sitting in prolonged (≥30 minute) bouts, standing, and stepping during work hours and across the day will be measured with activPAL3 activity monitors (7 days, 24 hours/day protocol), with total sitting time and sitting time during work hours the primary outcomes. Web-based questionnaires, LUMOback recorded data, telephone interviews, and focus groups will measure the feasibility and acceptability of both interventions and potential predictors of behavior change. Results Baseline and follow-up data collection has finished. Results are expected in 2016. Conclusions This pilot, cluster-randomized trial will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of two interventions targeting reductions in sitting and increases in standing and stepping in office workers. Few studies have evaluated these intervention strategies and this study has the potential to contribute both short and long-term findings.
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Hallman DM, Mathiassen SE, Heiden M, Gupta N, Jørgensen MB, Holtermann A. Temporal patterns of sitting at work are associated with neck-shoulder pain in blue-collar workers: a cross-sectional analysis of accelerometer data in the DPHACTO study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2016; 89:823-33. [PMID: 26935311 PMCID: PMC4871928 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-016-1123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Our aim was to examine the extent to which temporal patterns of sitting during occupational work and during leisure-time, assessed using accelerometry, are associated with intense neck–shoulder pain (NSP) in blue-collar workers. Methods The population consisted of 659 Danish blue-collar workers. Accelerometers were attached to the thigh, hip, trunk and upper dominant arm to measure sitting time and physical activity across four consecutive days. Temporal sitting patterns were expressed separately for work and leisure by the proportion of total time spent sitting in brief bursts (0–5 min), moderate (>5–20 min) and prolonged (>20 min) periods. The peak NSP intensity during the previous 3 months was assessed using a numerical rating scale (range 0–10) and dichotomized into a lower (≤4) and higher (>4) NSP score. Logistic regression analyses with multiple adjustments for individual and occupational factors were performed to determine the association between brief, moderate and prolonged sitting periods, and NSP intensity. Results Time in brief bursts of occupational sitting was negatively associated with NSP intensity (adjusted OR 0.68, 95 % CI 0.48–0.98), while time in moderate periods of occupational sitting showed a positive association with NSP (adjusted OR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.04–1.69). Time in prolonged periods of occupational sitting was not associated with NSP (adjusted OR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.78–1.09). We found no significant association between brief, moderate or prolonged sitting periods during leisure, and NSP. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the association between occupational sitting time and intense NSP among blue-collar workers is sensitive to the temporal pattern of sitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hallman
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, 801 76, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, 801 76, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Marina Heiden
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, 801 76, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Santana LDL, Sarquis LMM, Miranda FMD, Kalinke LP, Felli VEA, Mininel VA. Health indicators of workers of the hospital area. Rev Bras Enferm 2016; 69:23-32. [PMID: 26871212 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167.2016690104i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the health indicators of workers of hospital area for exposure to workloads, wear processes and its consequences. METHOD a retrospective, descriptive and exploratory study performed in a hospital in southern Brazil. The population consisted of 1,050 workers notifications of registered in the Monitoring System of Nursing Workers Health, in 2011. RESULTS 80.8% of the records were female workers, with 34.2% aged between 31 to 40 years old, corresponding to 2478 working lost days. The results subsidized the implementation of nine indicators that showed the prevalence of respiratory and osteoarticular problems. CONCLUSION the results allow the reflection and redirection of actions for workers' health, as the processes of becoming ill are compounded by exposure to psychic burdens. These indicators, when monitored, can contribute to the transformation of the profile of morbidity of these workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leni de Lima Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Vivian Aline Mininel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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Jay K, Friborg MK, Sjøgaard G, Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Brandt M, Andersen LL. The Consequence of Combined Pain and Stress on Work Ability in Female Laboratory Technicians: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:15834-42. [PMID: 26690466 PMCID: PMC4690960 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121215024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain and stress-related disorders are leading causes of impaired work ability, sickness absences and disability pensions. However, knowledge about the combined detrimental effect of pain and stress on work ability is lacking. This study investigates the association between pain in the neck-shoulders, perceived stress, and work ability. In a cross-sectional survey at a large pharmaceutical company in Denmark 473 female laboratory technicians replied to questions about stress (Perceived Stress Scale), musculoskeletal pain intensity (scale 0-10) of the neck and shoulders, and work ability (Work Ability Index). General linear models tested the association between variables. In the multi-adjusted model, stress (p < 0.001) and pain (p < 0.001) had independent main effects on the work ability index score, and there was no significant stress by pain interaction (p = 0.32). Work ability decreased gradually with both increased stress and pain. Workers with low stress and low pain had the highest Work Ability Index score (44.6 (95% CI 43.9-45.3)) and workers with high stress and high pain had the lowest score (32.7 (95% CI 30.6-34.9)). This cross-sectional study indicates that increased stress and musculoskeletal pain are independently associated with lower work ability in female laboratory technicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Jay
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Institute for Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark.
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
| | | | - Gisela Sjøgaard
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Institute for Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark.
| | - Markus Due Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Brandt
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
- Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark.
| | - Lars Louis Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
- Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark.
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Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Brandt M, Jay K, Aagaard P, Andersen LL. Physical exercise at the workplace prevents deterioration of work ability among healthcare workers: cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1174. [PMID: 26607232 PMCID: PMC4658806 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imbalance between individual resources and work demands can lead to musculoskeletal disorders and reduced work ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of workplace- versus home-based physical exercise on work ability among healthcare workers. METHODS Two hundred female healthcare workers (Age: 42.0, BMI: 24.1, work ability index [WAI]: 43.1) from 18 departments at three Danish hospitals participated (Copenhagen, Denmark, Aug 2013-Jan 2014). Participants were randomly allocated at the cluster level to 10 weeks of: 1) workplace physical exercise (WORK) performed during working hours for 5x10 min per week and up to 5 group-based coaching sessions on motivation for regular physical exercise, or 2) home-based physical exercise (HOME) performed during leisure time for 5x10 min per week. Both groups received ergonomic counseling on patient handling and use of lifting aides. The main outcome measure was the change from baseline to 10-week follow-up in WAI. RESULTS Significant group by time interaction was observed for WAI (p < 0.05). WAI at follow-up was 1.1 (0.3 to 1.8) higher in WORK compared with HOME corresponding to a small effect size (Cohens'd = 0.24). Within-group changes indicated that between-group differences were mainly caused by a reduction in WAI in HOME. Of the seven items of WAI, item 2 (work ability in relation to the demands of the job) and item 5 (sickness absence during the past year) were improved in WORK compared with HOME (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Performing physical exercise together with colleagues at the workplace prevents deterioration of work ability among female healthcare workers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01921764 . Registered 10 August 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus D Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Brandt
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Kenneth Jay
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Per Aagaard
- Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Psychosocial Work Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study among Swedish Flight Baggage Handlers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:798042. [PMID: 26558282 PMCID: PMC4628997 DOI: 10.1155/2015/798042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Flight baggage handlers sort and load luggage to airplanes. This study aimed at investigating associations between psychosocial exposures and low back and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among Swedish flight baggage handlers. METHODS A questionnaire addressing MSDs (Standardized Nordic Questionnaire) and psychosocial factors (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, COPSOQ) was answered by 525 baggage handlers in six Swedish airports. RESULTS Low back (LBP) and shoulder pain (SP) were reported by 70% and 60%, respectively. Pain was reported to interfere with work (PIW) by 30% (low back) and 18% (shoulders), and intense pain (PINT) occurred in 34% and 28% of the population. Quality of leadership was the most dissatisfying psychosocial factor, while the most positive was social community at work. Low ratings in the combined domain Work organization and job content were significantly associated with PIW in both low back and shoulders (Adjusted Hazard Ratios 3.65 (95% CI 1.67-7.99) and 2.68 (1.09-6.61)) while lower ratings in the domain Interpersonal relations and leadership were associated with PIW LBP (HR 2.18 (1.06-4.49)) and PINT LBP and SP (HRs 1.95 (1.05-3.65) and 2.11 (1.08-4.12)). CONCLUSION Severity of pain among flight baggage handlers was associated with psychosocial factors at work, suggesting that they may be a relevant target for intervention in this occupation.
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Al-Marwani Al-Juhani M, Khandekar R, Al-Harby M, Al-Hassan A, Edward DP. Neck and upper back pain among eye care professionals. Occup Med (Lond) 2015; 65:753-7. [PMID: 26416844 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqv132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ophthalmologists and optometrists have reported a higher prevalence of neck, hand/wrist and lower back pain than family medicine physicians. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders have not previously been studied in Saudi eye care professionals. AIMS To determine the magnitude and determinants of neck and upper back pain among eye care professionals at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia in 2013. METHODS A cross-sectional study using a close-ended questionnaire to determine the frequency of neck and back pain and its association with age, sex, weight, comorbidities, duration of professional work, history of injury and physician sub-speciality. RESULTS The response rate was 82% and 165 eye care professionals participated, 70% (113) of whom reported neck and back pain. The rate was similar in ophthalmologists and allied eye care professionals and among surgical and medical ophthalmologists. The prevalence rate of neck and upper back pain was not associated with number of years in the profession, comorbidities, self-reported weight or injury. Pain appeared to be associated with reported physical discomfort during professional activities (P < 0.01) but not with mental stress. Pain was thought to be work related by 50% of participants. A lower rate of neck and upper back pain was associated with regular exercise [odds ratio = 0.5 (95% confidence interval 0.2-0.9)]. CONCLUSIONS Neck and back pain was reported by 70% of eye care professionals. The pain was graded as mild to moderate and improved when on holidays. Regular physical exercise appeared to prevent or reduce neck and upper back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Khandekar
- Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia,
| | - M Al-Harby
- Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Al-Hassan
- Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
| | - D P Edward
- Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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63
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Organizing workplace health literacy to reduce musculoskeletal pain and consequences. BMC Nurs 2015; 14:46. [PMID: 26388697 PMCID: PMC4574516 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-015-0096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite numerous initiatives to improve the working environment for nursing aides, musculoskeletal disorders (pain) is still a considerable problem because of the prevalence, and pervasive consequences on the individual, the workplace and the society. Discrepancies between effort and effect of workplace health initiatives might be due to the fact that pain and the consequences of pain are affected by various individual, interpersonal and organizational factors in a complex interaction. Recent health literacy models pursue an integrated approach to understanding health behavior and have been suggested as a suitable framework for addressing individual, organizational and interpersonal factors concomitantly. Therefore, the aim of the trial is to examine the effectiveness of an intervention to improve health literacy (building knowledge, competences and structures for communication and action) at both the organizational and individual level and reduce pain among nursing aides. Methods/design The intervention consists of 2 steps: 1) Courses at the workplace for employees and management in order to organize a joint fundament of knowledge and understanding, and a platform for communication and action about pain prevention in the organization. 2) Organizing a fixed 3-weekly structured dialogue between each employee and her/his supervisor, with particular focus on developing specific plans to prevent and reduce pain and its consequences. This enables the workplace to generate knowledge about employee resources and health challenges and to act and convey this knowledge into initiatives at the workplace. Discussion Previous studies to improve health literacy have primarily targeted patients or specific deprived groups in health care or community settings. Recently the idea of the workplace as an arena for improving health literacy has developed emphasizing the organizational responsibility in facilitating and supporting that employees obtain basic knowledge and information needed to understand and take action on individual and occupational health concerns. The literature about workplace health literacy is very limited but points at the importance of educating employees to be able to access, appraise and apply health information and of organizing the infrastructure and communication in the organization. This study suggests a concrete operationalization of health literacy in a workplace setting. Results are expected published in 2016.
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Rasmussen CDN, Holtermann A, Bay H, Søgaard K, Birk Jørgensen M. A multifaceted workplace intervention for low back pain in nurses' aides: a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial. Pain 2015; 156:1786-1794. [PMID: 25993549 PMCID: PMC4617291 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study established the effectiveness of a workplace multifaceted intervention consisting of participatory ergonomics, physical training, and cognitive-behavioural training (CBT) for low back pain (LBP). Between November 2012 and May 2014, we conducted a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial with 594 workers from eldercare workplaces (nursing homes and home care) randomised to 4 successive time periods, 3 months apart. The intervention lasted 12 weeks and consisted of 19 sessions in total (physical training [12 sessions], CBT [2 sessions], and participatory ergonomics [5 sessions]). Low back pain was the outcome and was measured as days, intensity (worst pain on a 0-10 numeric rank scale), and bothersomeness (days) by monthly text messages. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the intervention effect. Analyses were performed according to intention to treat, including all eligible randomised participants, and were adjusted for baseline values of the outcome. The linear mixed models yielded significant effects on LBP days of -0.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], -1.19 to -0.38), LBP intensity of -0.4 (95% CI, -0.60 to -0.26), and bothersomeness days of -0.5 (95% CI, -0.85 to -0.13) after the intervention compared with the control group. This study shows that a multifaceted intervention consisting of participatory ergonomics, physical training, and CBT can reduce LBP among workers in eldercare. Thus, multifaceted interventions may be relevant for improving LBP in a working population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Diana Nørregaard Rasmussen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Hans Bay
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
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65
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Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Brandt M, Jay K, Aagaard P, Andersen LL. Physical exercise at the workplace reduces perceived physical exertion during healthcare work: cluster randomized controlled trial. Scand J Public Health 2015; 43:713-20. [PMID: 26156941 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815590936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High physical exertion during work is a risk factor for musculoskeletal pain and long-term sickness absence. Physical exertion (RPE) reflects the balance between physical work demands and physical capacity of the individual. Thus, increasing the physical capacity through physical exercise may decrease physical exertion during work. This study investigates the effect of workplace-based versus home-based physical exercise on physical exertion during work (WRPE) among healthcare workers. METHODS 200 female healthcare workers (age: 42.0, body mass index: 24.1, average pain intensity: 3.1 on a scale of 0 to 10, average WRPE: 3.6 on a scale of 0 to 10) from 18 departments at three participating hospitals. Participants were randomly allocated at the cluster level to 10 weeks of: (1) workplace physical exercise (WORK) performed in groups during working hours for 5×10 minutes per week and up to five group-based coaching sessions on motivation for regular physical exercise, or (2) home-based physical exercise (HOME) performed during leisure time for 5×10 minutes per week. Physical exertion was assessed at baseline and at 10-week follow-up. RESULTS 2.2 (SD: 1.1) and 1.0 (SD: 1.2) training sessions were performed per week in WORK and HOME, respectively. Physical exertion was reduced more in WORK than HOME (p<0.01). Between-group differences in physical exertion at follow-up (WORK vs. HOME) was -0.5 points (95% CI -0.8 to -0.2). Within-group effect size (Cohen's d) in WORK and HOME was 0.43 and 0.13, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Physical exercise performed at the workplace appears more effective than home-based exercise in reducing physical exertion during daily work tasks in healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Due Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Brandt
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Jay
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Per Aagaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Andersen LN, Juul-Kristensen B, Roessler KK, Herborg LG, Sørensen TL, Søgaard K. Efficacy of 'Tailored Physical Activity' on reducing sickness absence among health care workers: A 3-months randomised controlled trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:666-71. [PMID: 25983237 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim was to evaluate efficacy of "Tailored Physical Activity" (TPA) versus a reference group (REF) in reducing the number of self-reported days of sickness absence for health care workers in the Sonderborg Municipality. METHODS In this randomised controlled trial, all participants (n = 54) received health guidance for 1.5 h and were randomised to TPA or REF. The primary aim was to make a comparison of participants' self-reported sickness absence due to musculoskeletal troubles measured three months after baseline. Secondary outcomes included anthropometric, health-related and physical capacity measures. RESULTS A TPA intervention was not significantly more effective than REF in reducing sickness absence caused by musculoskeletal troubles. However, there were significant improvements for TPA participants compared to REF in reducing pain intensity from 47.9 mm to 21.8 mm (p < .01), increasing work ability from 7.3 to 8.1 (p = .04) and decreasing kinesiophobia from 26.7 to 22.5 (p < .01). A trend towards a significant improvement was seen for aerobic capacity while no effect of the intervention was found on productivity, BMI or grip strength. CONCLUSION This physical activity intervention is a promising initiative for health care workers since participants achieved a substantial effect on their experience of pain, on their work ability and on their fear of physical movement relating to pain. Moreover, a difference in aerobic capacity was apparent between the sample groups. TPA however, had no significant effect in reducing sickness absence days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Nygaard Andersen
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Birgit Juul-Kristensen
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Institute of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kirsten Kaya Roessler
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Lene Gram Herborg
- Senior Citizen and Health Department, Social and Health Affairs, Municipality of Sonderborg, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Lund Sørensen
- Medical Department, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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67
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Association between objectively measured sitting time and neck–shoulder pain among blue-collar workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2015; 88:1031-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Villumsen M, Samani A, Jørgensen MB, Gupta N, Madeleine P, Holtermann A. Are forward bending of the trunk and low back pain associated among Danish blue-collar workers? A cross-sectional field study based on objective measures. ERGONOMICS 2014; 58:246-258. [PMID: 25374330 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.969783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between the duration of objectively measured forward bending of the trunk and low back pain (LBP) intensity among 198 Danish blue-collar workers (male = 115; female = 83). The duration of forward bending of ≥ 30°, ≥ 60° and ≥ 90° was divided into high (the highest tertile) and low-moderate (the remaining tertiles) categories. High (>5) and low ( ≤ 5) pain intensities were categorised from a self-reported 0-9 scale. Results of multi-adjusted logistic regressions indicated no significant positive associations between forward bending and LBP intensity. On the contrary, higher duration of forward bending of ≥ 30° was associated with lower LBP intensity during all day (OR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.15-1.02; p = 0.05) and work (OR = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.17-1.15; p = 0.09). This indication of a negative association may be explained by fear-avoidance behaviour of the blue-collar worker, job crafting or healthy worker effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Villumsen
- a Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology , Aalborg University , Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220 Aalborg , Denmark
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Poulsen K, Cleal B, Clausen T, Andersen LL. Work, diabetes and obesity: a seven year follow-up study among Danish health care workers. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103425. [PMID: 25068830 PMCID: PMC4113351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The rise in prevalence of diabetes is alarming and research ascribes most of the increase to lifestyle. However, little knowledge exists about the influence of occupational factors on the risk for developing diabetes. This study estimates the importance of work and lifestyle as risk factors for developing diabetes mellitus among healthcare workers and explores the association of work factors and obesity, which is a risk factor for diabetes. Methods Questionnaire-based prospective cohort study among 7,305 health care workers followed for seven years in the Danish National Diabetes Register. We used bivariate comparisons to give an unadjusted estimate of associations, followed by adjusted survival analysis and logistic regression models to estimate the influences of potential risk factors related to job, health and lifestyle on diabetes and obesity. Results During seven years of follow up, 3.5% of participants developed diabetes, associated with obesity (HR = 6.53; 95% CI 4.68–9.10), overweight (HR = 2.89; CI 2.11–3.96) age 50–69 y (HR = 2.27; 95% CI 1.57–3.43) and high quality of leadership (HR = 1.60; CI 1.19–2.16). Obesity at baseline was most common among the youngest employees, and was mainly associated with developing diabetes (OR = 3.84; CI 2.85–5.17), impaired physical capacity and physical inactivity. In the occupational setting, obesity was associated with shift work, severe musculoskeletal pain, low influence, but also by good management, fewer role conflicts and a positive work-life balance. Looking only at non-smokers, removed the influence of age and pain. However, non-smokers also had higher depression scores and more role conflicts. Conclusions Confirming obesity as the strongest risk factor for developing diabetes, the present study identified few occupational risk factors. However, obesity, the key risk factor for diabetes, had a more variable relation with work than did diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjeld Poulsen
- Steno Health Promotion Center, Gentofte, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Bryan Cleal
- Steno Health Promotion Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Thomas Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars L. Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Agaliotis M, Mackey MG, Jan S, Fransen M. Burden of reduced work productivity among people with chronic knee pain: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2014; 71:651-9. [PMID: 24872332 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this systematic review were to determine the prevalence of reduced work productivity among people with chronic knee pain as well as specifically categorise determinants of work productivity losses into individual, disease and work-related factors, conduct an evaluation of study methodological quality and present a best-evidence synthesis. METHODS We searched the literature using combinations of key words such as knee pain, knee osteoarthritis, absenteeism (days taken off work) and presenteeism (reduced productivity while at work) for observational studies published in English. Methodological quality appraisal and a best-evidence synthesis were used to pool the study findings. RESULTS The studies were conducted exclusively in high income countries of North America, Western Europe and Hong Kong. 17 studies were included in the review, 10 measuring absenteeism and six measuring presenteeism. Of the 10 studies reporting absenteeism, seven found a 12-month absenteeism prevalence ranging from 5% to 22%. Only two studies evaluated presenteeism prevalence and reported a range from 66% to 71%. Using best-evidence synthesis: three high quality cohort studies and three cross-sectional studies provided strong evidence that knee pain or knee osteoarthritis was associated with absenteeism; two high quality cross-sectional studies and one cohort study provided limited evidence for an association with presenteeism; one cross-sectional study provided limited evidence for an association among age, high job demands and low coworker support and absenteeism among nurses with knee pain. No studies examined individual or work-related factors associated with presenteeism. CONCLUSIONS A number of high quality studies consistently demonstrated that chronic knee pain or knee osteoarthritis is associated with absenteeism. However, data are lacking regarding presenteeism and individual or work-related risk factors for reduced work productivity among older workers with chronic knee pain. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO registry number: CRD42013004137.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Agaliotis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin G Mackey
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Ageing, Work and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Jan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marlene Fransen
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Clinical and Rehabilitation Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
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Lövgren M, Gustavsson P, Melin B, Rudman A. Neck/shoulder and back pain in new graduate nurses: A growth mixture modeling analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2014; 51:625-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rasmussen CDN, Holtermann A, Mortensen OS, Søgaard K, Jørgensen MB. Prevention of low back pain and its consequences among nurses' aides in elderly care: a stepped-wedge multi-faceted cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1088. [PMID: 24261985 PMCID: PMC4222590 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high prevalence of low back pain has persisted over the years despite extensive primary prevention initiatives among nurses' aides. Many single-faceted interventions addressing just one aspect of low back pain have been carried out at workplaces, but with low success rate. This may be due to the multi-factorial origin of low back pain. Participatory ergonomics, cognitive behavioral training and physical training have previously shown promising effects on prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine whether a multi-faceted workplace intervention consisting of participatory ergonomics, physical training and cognitive behavioral training can prevent low back pain and its consequences among nurses' aides. External resources for the participating workplace and a strong commitment from the management and the organization support the intervention. METHODS/DESIGN To overcome implementation barriers within usual randomized controlled trial designed workplace interventions, this study uses a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial design with 4 groups. The intervention is delivered to the groups at random along four successive time periods three months apart. The intervention lasts three months and integrates participatory ergonomics, physical training and cognitive behavioral training tailored to the target group. Local physiotherapists and occupational therapists conduct the intervention after having received standardized training. Primary outcomes are low back pain and its consequences measured monthly by text messages up to three months after initiation of the intervention. DISCUSSION Intervention effectiveness trials for preventing low back pain and its consequences in workplaces with physically demanding work are few, primarily single-faceted, with strict adherence to a traditional randomized controlled trial design that may hamper implementation and compliance, and have mostly been unsuccessful. By using a stepped wedge design, and obtain high management commitment and support we intend to improve implementation and aim to establish the effectiveness of a multi-faceted intervention to prevent low back pain. This study will potentially provide knowledge of prevention of low back pain and its consequences among nurses' aides. Results are expected to be published in 2015-2016. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered as ISRCTN78113519.
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Andersen LN, Juul-Kristensen B, Roessler KK, Herborg LG, Sørensen TL, Søgaard K. Efficacy of 'Tailored Physical Activity' in reducing sickness absence among health care workers: design of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:917. [PMID: 24088419 PMCID: PMC3852775 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health care workers have high physical work demands, involving patient handling and manual work tasks. A strategy for prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders can enhance the physical capacity of the health care worker. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 'Tailored Physical Activity’ for health care workers in the Sonderborg Municipality. Methods/Design This protocol describes the design of a randomised controlled trial to assess the efficacy of 'Tailored Physical Activity’ versus a reference group for health care workers in the Sonderborg Municipality. Inclusion criteria to be fulfilled: health care workers with daily work that includes manual work and with the experience of work-related musculoskeletal pain in the back or upper body. All participants will receive 'Health Guidance’, a (90-minute) individualised dialogue focusing on improving life style, based on assessments of risk behaviour, on motivation for change and on personal resources. In addition, the experimental groups will receive 'Tailored Physical Activity’ (three 50-minute sessions per week over 10 weeks). The reference group will receive only 'Health Guidance’. The primary outcome measure is the participants’ self-reported sickness absence during the last three months due to musculoskeletal troubles, measured 3 and 12 months after baseline. In addition, secondary outcomes include anthropometric measurements, functional capacity and self-reported number of sick days, musculoskeletal symptoms, self-reported health, work ability, work productivity, physical capacity, kinesiophobia and physical functional status. Discussion The results from this study will contribute to the knowledge about evidence-based interventions for prevention of sickness absence among health care workers. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01543984.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Nygaard Andersen
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Clausen T, Andersen LL, Holtermann A, Jorgensen AFB, Aust B, Rugulies R. Do self-reported psychosocial working conditions predict low back pain after adjustment for both physical work load and depressive symptoms? A prospective study among female eldercare workers. Occup Environ Med 2013; 70:538-44. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2012-101281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Participatory ergonomic intervention versus strength training on chronic pain and work disability in slaughterhouse workers: study protocol for a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2013; 14:67. [PMID: 23433448 PMCID: PMC3606231 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder, arm and hand is high among slaughterhouse workers, allegedly due to the highly repetitive and forceful exposure of these body regions during work. Work disability is a common consequence of these pains. Lowering the physical exposure through ergonomics intervention is the traditional strategy to reduce the workload. An alternative strategy could be to increase physical capacity of the worker through strength training. This study investigates the effect of two contrasting interventions, participatory ergonomics versus strength training on pain and work disability in slaughterhouse workers with chronic pain. Methods/design 66 slaughterhouse workers were allocated to 10 weeks of (1) strength training of the shoulder, arm and hand muscles for 3 x 10 minutes per week, or (2) participatory ergonomics involving counseling on workstation adjustment and optimal use of work tools (~usual care control group). Inclusion criteria were (1) working at a slaughterhouse for at least 30 hours per week, (2) pain intensity in the shoulder, elbow/forearm, or hand/wrist of at least 3 on a 0–10 VAS scale during the last three months, (3) pain lasting for more than 3 months, (4) frequent pain (at least 3 days per week) (5) at least moderate work disability, (6) no strength training during the last year, (7) no ergonomics instruction during the last year. Perceived pain intensity (VAS scale 0–10) of the shoulder, elbow/forearm and hand/wrist (primary outcome) and Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Work module, DASH questionnaire) were measured at baseline and 10-week follow-up. Further, total muscle tenderness score and muscle function were assessed during clinical examination at baseline and follow-up. Discussion This RCT study will provide experimental evidence of the effectiveness of contrasting work-site interventions aiming at reducing chronic pain and work disability among employees engaged in repetitive and forceful work. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01671267
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