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Zhu H, Yan C, Yao P, Li P, Li Y, Yang H. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects cardiac mitochondrial function via targeting GSTP1 to block S-glutathionylation of optic atrophy 1. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 204:54-67. [PMID: 37105420 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a fundamental challenge in myocardial injury. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is a bioactive compound with pharmacological potential for cardiac protection. Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) acts as a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that contributes to the structural integrity and function of mitochondria. This study investigated the protective role of Rg1 in septic cardiac injury from the perspective of OPA1 stability. Rg1 protected cardiac contractive function against endotoxin injury in mice by maintaining mitochondrial cristae structure. In cardiomyocytes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) evoked mitochondrial fragmentation and destruction of mitochondrial biogenesis, which were prevented by Rg1, possibly due to the preservation of the integrity of cristae structure. In support, the beneficial effects of Rg1 on cardioprotection and mitochondrial biogenesis were diminished by OPA1 deficiency subjected to the LPS challenge. Mechanistically, LPS stimulation triggered intracellular glutathione destabilization that promoted S-glutathionylation of OPA1 at Cys551, leading to the dissociation of OPA1-Mitofilin. Rg1 interacted with GSTP1 to inhibit its S-glutathionylation of OPA1, thereby promoting OPA1-Mitofilin interaction and protecting mitochondrial cristae structure. These findings suggest that GSTP1/OPA1 axis may be a beneficial strategy for the treatment of myocardial injury, and expand the clinical application of Rg1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changyang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Peng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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52
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Morris S, Molina-Riquelme I, Barrientos G, Bravo F, Aedo G, Gómez W, Lagos D, Verdejo H, Peischard S, Seebohm G, Psathaki OE, Eisner V, Busch KB. Inner mitochondrial membrane structure and fusion dynamics are altered in senescent human iPSC-derived and primary rat cardiomyocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148949. [PMID: 36493857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the aging heart is a major cause of death in the human population. Amongst other tasks, mitochondria are pivotal to supply the working heart with ATP. The mitochondrial inner membrane (IMM) ultrastructure is tailored to meet these demands and to provide nano-compartments for specific tasks. Thus, function and morphology are closely coupled. Senescent cardiomyocytes from the mouse heart display alterations of the inner mitochondrial membrane. To study the relation between inner mitochondrial membrane architecture, dynamics and function is hardly possible in living organisms. Here, we present two cardiomyocyte senescence cell models that allow in cellular studies of mitochondrial performance. We show that doxorubicin treatment transforms human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in an aged phenotype. The treated cardiomyocytes display double-strand breaks in the nDNA, have β-galactosidase activity, possess enlarged nuclei, and show p21 upregulation. Most importantly, they also display a compromised inner mitochondrial structure. This prompted us to test whether the dynamics of the inner membrane was also altered. We found that the exchange of IMM components after organelle fusion was faster in doxorubicin-treated cells than in control cells, with no change in mitochondrial fusion dynamics at the meso-scale. Such altered IMM morphology and dynamics may have important implications for local OXPHOS protein organization, exchange of damaged components, and eventually the mitochondrial bioenergetics function of the aged cardiomyocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Morris
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Schlossplatz 5, Faculty of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Isidora Molina-Riquelme
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Barrientos
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Francisco Bravo
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Geraldine Aedo
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Wileidy Gómez
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Daniel Lagos
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Hugo Verdejo
- Facultad de Medicina, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Stefan Peischard
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Olympia Ekaterini Psathaki
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, Integrated Bioimaging Facility, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Verónica Eisner
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Schlossplatz 5, Faculty of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
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53
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Glial Cell Metabolic Profile Upon Iron Deficiency: Oligodendroglial and Astroglial Casualties of Bioenergetic Adjustments. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1949-1963. [PMID: 36595194 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) represents one of the most prevalent nutritional deficits, affecting almost two billion people worldwide. Gestational iron deprivation induces hypomyelination due to oligodendroglial maturation deficiencies and is thus a useful experimental model to analyze oligodendrocyte (OLG) requirements to progress to a mature myelinating state. A previous proteomic study in the adult ID brain by our group demonstrated a pattern of dysregulated proteins involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the present report was to assess bioenergetics metabolism in primary cultures of OLGs and astrocytes (ASTs) from control and ID newborns, on the hypothesis that the regulation of cell metabolism correlates with cell maturation. Oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates were measured using a Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. ID OLGs and ASTs both exhibited decreased spare respiratory capacity, which indicates that ID effectively induces mitochondrial dysfunction. A decrease in glycogen granules was observed in ID ASTs, and an increase in ROS production was detected in ID OLGs. Immunolabeling of structural proteins showed that mitochondrial number and size were increased in ID OLGs, while an increased number of smaller mitochondria was observed in ID ASTs. These results reflect an unfavorable bioenergetic scenario in which ID OLGs fail to progress to a myelinating state, and indicate that the regulation of cell metabolism may impact cell fate decisions and maturation.
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Pierre A, Bourel C, Favory R, Brassart B, Wallet F, Daussin FN, Normandin S, Howsam M, Romien R, Lemaire J, Grolaux G, Durand A, Frimat M, Bastide B, Amouyel P, Boulanger E, Preau S, Lancel S. Sepsis-like Energy Deficit Is Not Sufficient to Induce Early Muscle Fiber Atrophy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Murine Sepsis Model. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040529. [PMID: 37106730 PMCID: PMC10136327 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myopathy is characterized by muscle fiber atrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and worsened outcomes. Whether whole-body energy deficit participates in the early alteration of skeletal muscle metabolism has never been investigated. Three groups were studied: “Sepsis” mice, fed ad libitum with a spontaneous decrease in caloric intake (n = 17), and “Sham” mice fed ad libitum (Sham fed (SF), n = 13) or subjected to pair-feeding (Sham pair fed (SPF), n = 12). Sepsis was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of cecal slurry in resuscitated C57BL6/J mice. The feeding of the SPF mice was restricted according to the food intake of the Sepsis mice. Energy balance was evaluated by indirect calorimetry over 24 h. The tibialis anterior cross-sectional area (TA CSA), mitochondrial function (high-resolution respirometry), and mitochondrial quality control pathways (RTqPCR and Western blot) were assessed 24 h after sepsis induction. The energy balance was positive in the SF group and negative in both the SPF and Sepsis groups. The TA CSA did not differ between the SF and SPF groups, but was reduced by 17% in the Sepsis group compared with the SPF group (p < 0.05). The complex-I-linked respiration in permeabilized soleus fibers was higher in the SPF group than the SF group (p < 0.05) and lower in the Sepsis group than the SPF group (p < 0.01). Pgc1α protein expression increased 3.9-fold in the SPF mice compared with the SF mice (p < 0.05) and remained unchanged in the Sepsis mice compared with the SPF mice; the Pgc1α mRNA expression decreased in the Sepsis compared with the SPF mice (p < 0.05). Thus, the sepsis-like energy deficit did not explain the early sepsis-induced muscle fiber atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction, but led to specific metabolic adaptations not observed in sepsis.
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55
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Arroum T, Borowski MT, Marx N, Schmelter F, Scholz M, Psathaki OE, Hippler M, Enriquez JA, Busch KB. Loss of respiratory complex I subunit NDUFB10 affects complex I assembly and supercomplex formation. Biol Chem 2023; 404:399-415. [PMID: 36952351 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The orchestrated activity of the mitochondrial respiratory or electron transport chain (ETC) and ATP synthase convert reduction power (NADH, FADH2) into ATP, the cell's energy currency in a process named oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Three out of the four ETC complexes are found in supramolecular assemblies: complex I, III, and IV form the respiratory supercomplexes (SC). The plasticity model suggests that SC formation is a form of adaptation to changing conditions such as energy supply, redox state, and stress. Complex I, the NADH-dehydrogenase, is part of the largest supercomplex (CI + CIII2 + CIVn). Here, we demonstrate the role of NDUFB10, a subunit of the membrane arm of complex I, in complex I and supercomplex assembly on the one hand and bioenergetics function on the other. NDUFB10 knockout was correlated with a decrease of SCAF1, a supercomplex assembly factor, and a reduction of respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential. This likely is due to loss of proton pumping since the CI P P -module is downregulated and the P D -module is completely abolished in NDUFB10 knock outs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnim Arroum
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Dynamics Section, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Borowski
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Dynamics Section, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - Nico Marx
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Dynamics Section, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Schmelter
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Dynamics Section, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Scholz
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - Olympia Ekaterini Psathaki
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, Integrated Bioimaging Facility, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael Hippler
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - José Antonio Enriquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Fraglidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Dynamics Section, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
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56
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Cartes-Saavedra B, Lagos D, Macuada J, Arancibia D, Burté F, Sjöberg-Herrera MK, Andrés ME, Horvath R, Yu-Wai-Man P, Hajnóczky G, Eisner V. OPA1 disease-causing mutants have domain-specific effects on mitochondrial ultrastructure and fusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2207471120. [PMID: 36927155 PMCID: PMC10041121 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207471120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inner mitochondrial membrane fusion and cristae shape depend on optic atrophy protein 1, OPA1. Mutations in OPA1 lead to autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), an important cause of inherited blindness. The Guanosin Triphosphatase (GTPase) and GTPase effector domains (GEDs) of OPA1 are essential for mitochondrial fusion; yet, their specific roles remain elusive. Intriguingly, patients carrying OPA1 GTPase mutations have a higher risk of developing more severe multisystemic symptoms in addition to optic atrophy, suggesting pathogenic contributions for the GTPase and GED domains, respectively. We studied OPA1 GTPase and GED mutations to understand their domain-specific contribution to protein function by analyzing patient-derived cells and gain-of-function paradigms. Mitochondria from OPA1 GTPase (c.870+5G>A and c.889C>T) and GED (c.2713C>T and c.2818+5G>A) mutants display distinct aberrant cristae ultrastructure. While all OPA1 mutants inhibited mitochondrial fusion, some GTPase mutants resulted in elongated mitochondria, suggesting fission inhibition. We show that the GED is dispensable for fusion and OPA1 oligomer formation but necessary for GTPase activity. Finally, splicing defect mutants displayed a posttranslational haploinsufficiency-like phenotype but retained domain-specific dysfunctions. Thus, OPA1 domain-specific mutants result in distinct impairments in mitochondrial dynamics, providing insight into OPA1 function and its contribution to ADOA pathogenesis and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Cartes-Saavedra
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA19107
| | - Daniel Lagos
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - Josefa Macuada
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - Duxan Arancibia
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
- Departamento Biomédico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta1240000, Chile
| | - Florence Burté
- Wellcome Trust for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, NewcastleNE2 4HH, UK
| | - Marcela K. Sjöberg-Herrera
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - María Estela Andrés
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - Rita Horvath
- John Van Geest Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 0PY, UK
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- John Van Geest Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 0PY, UK
- Mitochondrial Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 0XY, UK
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, CambridgeCB2 0QQ, UK
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, LondonEC1V 9EL, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, LondonEC1V 2PD, UK
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA19107
| | - Verónica Eisner
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
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57
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Quintana-Cabrera R, Scorrano L. Determinants and outcomes of mitochondrial dynamics. Mol Cell 2023; 83:857-876. [PMID: 36889315 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are not only central organelles in metabolism and energy conversion but are also platforms for cellular signaling cascades. Classically, the shape and ultrastructure of mitochondria were depicted as static. The discovery of morphological transitions during cell death and of conserved genes controlling mitochondrial fusion and fission contributed to establishing the concept that mitochondrial morphology and ultrastructure are dynamically regulated by mitochondria-shaping proteins. These finely tuned, dynamic changes in mitochondrial shape can in turn control mitochondrial function, and their alterations in human diseases suggest that this space can be explored for drug discovery. Here, we review the basic tenets and molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial morphology and ultrastructure, describing how they can coordinately define mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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58
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Evaluation of a Less Invasive Cochlear Implant Surgery in OPA1 Mutations Provoking Deafblindness. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030627. [PMID: 36980899 PMCID: PMC10048538 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implantation (CI) for deafblindness may have more impact than for non-syndromic hearing loss. Deafblind patients have a double handicap in a society that is more and more empowered by fast communication. CI is a remedy for deafness, but requires revision surgery every 20 to 25 years, and thus placement should be minimally invasive. Furthermore, failed reimplantation surgery will have more impact on a deafblind person. In this context, we assessed the safety of minimally invasive robotically assisted cochlear implant surgery (RACIS) for the first time in a deafblind patient. Standard pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry were performed in a patient with deafblindness as part of this robotic-assisted CI study before and after surgery. This patient, with an optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) (OMIM#165500) mutation consented to RACIS for the second (contralateral) CI. The applicability and safety of RACIS were evaluated as well as her subjective opinion on her disability. RACIS was uneventful with successful surgical and auditory outcomes in this case of deafblindness due to the OPA1 mutation. RACIS appears to be a safe and beneficial intervention to increase communication skills in the cases of deafblindness due to an OPA1 mutation. The use of RACIS use should be widespread in deafblindness as it minimizes surgical trauma and possible failures.
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59
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Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Tezze C, Agnellini AHR, Angioni R, Venegas FC, Cioccarelli C, Munari F, Bertoldi N, Canton M, Desbats MA, Salviati L, Gissi R, Castegna A, Soriano ME, Sandri M, Scorrano L, Viola A, Molon B. OPA1 drives macrophage metabolism and functional commitment via p65 signaling. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:742-752. [PMID: 36307526 PMCID: PMC9984365 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are essential players for the host response against pathogens, regulation of inflammation and tissue regeneration. The wide range of macrophage functions rely on their heterogeneity and plasticity that enable a dynamic adaptation of their responses according to the surrounding environmental cues. Recent studies suggest that metabolism provides synergistic support for macrophage activation and elicitation of desirable immune responses; however, the metabolic pathways orchestrating macrophage activation are still under scrutiny. Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a mitochondria-shaping protein controlling mitochondrial fusion, cristae biogenesis and respiration; clear evidence shows that the lack or dysfunctional activity of this protein triggers the accumulation of metabolic intermediates of the TCA cycle. In this study, we show that OPA1 has a crucial role in macrophage activation. Selective Opa1 deletion in myeloid cells impairs M1-macrophage commitment. Mechanistically, Opa1 deletion leads to TCA cycle metabolite accumulation and defective NF-κB signaling activation. In an in vivo model of muscle regeneration upon injury, Opa1 knockout macrophages persist within the damaged tissue, leading to excess collagen deposition and impairment in muscle regeneration. Collectively, our data indicate that OPA1 is a key metabolic driver of macrophage functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Tezze
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Angioni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Francisca C Venegas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Cioccarelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Munari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicole Bertoldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Marcella Canton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Andrea Desbats
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosanna Gissi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Castegna
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Montreal (Quebec), H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy.
| | - Barbara Molon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP- Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy.
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60
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Tena-Morraja P, Riqué-Pujol G, Müller-Sánchez C, Reina M, Martínez-Estrada OM, Soriano FX. Synaptic Activity Regulates Mitochondrial Iron Metabolism to Enhance Neuronal Bioenergetics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020922. [PMID: 36674431 PMCID: PMC9864932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic activity is the main energy-consuming process in the central nervous system. We are beginning to understand how energy is supplied and used during synaptic activity by neurons. However, the long-term metabolic adaptations associated with a previous episode of synaptic activity are not well understood. Herein, we show that an episode of synaptic activity increases mitochondrial bioenergetics beyond the duration of the synaptic activity by transcriptionally inducing the expression of iron metabolism genes with the consequent enhancement of cellular and mitochondrial iron uptake. Iron is a necessary component of the electron transport chain complexes, and its chelation or knockdown of mitochondrial iron transporter Mfrn1 blocks the activity-mediated bioenergetics boost. We found that Mfrn1 expression is regulated by the well-known regulator of synaptic plasticity CREB, suggesting the coordinated expression of synaptic plasticity programs with those required to meet the associated increase in energetic demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tena-Morraja
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Riqué-Pujol
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Müller-Sánchez
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Reina
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ofelia M. Martínez-Estrada
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc X. Soriano
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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61
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Yoon Y, Lee H, Federico M, Sheu SS. Non-conventional mitochondrial permeability transition: Its regulation by mitochondrial dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148914. [PMID: 36063902 PMCID: PMC9729414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is a phenomenon that the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) loses its selective permeability, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury. Electrophysiological evidence indicates the presence of a mega-channel commonly called permeability transition pore (PTP) whose opening is responsible for MPT. However, the molecular identity of the PTP is still under intensive investigations and debates, although cyclophilin D that is inhibited by cyclosporine A (CsA) is the established regulatory component of the PTP. PTP can also open transiently and functions as a rapid mitochondrial Ca2+ releasing mechanism. Mitochondrial fission and fusion, the main components of mitochondrial dynamics, control the number and size of mitochondria, and have been shown to play a role in regulating MPT directly or indirectly. Studies by us and others have indicated the potential existence of a form of transient MPT that is insensitive to CsA. This "non-conventional" MPT is regulated by mitochondrial dynamics and may serve a protective role possibly by decreasing the susceptibility for a frequent or sustained PTP opening; hence, it may have a therapeutic value in many disease conditions involving MPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisang Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta 30912, GA, USA.
| | - Hakjoo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta 30912, GA, USA
| | - Marilen Federico
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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62
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Punter KB, Chu C, Chan EYW. Mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative phosphorylation as critical targets in cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:ERC-22-0229. [PMID: 36356297 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
It has long been recognised that cancer cells critically depend on reprogrammed patterns of metabolism that can enable robust and abnormally high levels of cell proliferation. As mitochondria form hubs of cellular metabolic activity, it is reasonable to propose that pathways within these organelles can form targets that can be manipulated to compromise the ability of cancer cells to cause disease. However, mitochondria are highly multi-functional, and the full range of mechanistic inter-connections are still being unravelled to enable the full potential of targeting mitochondria in cancer therapeutics. Here, we aim to highlight the potential of modulating mitochondrial dynamics to target key metabolic or apoptotic pathways in cancer cells. Distinct roles have been demonstrated for mitochondrial fission and fusion in different cancer contexts. Targeting of factors mediating mitochondrial dynamics may be directly related to impairment of oxidative phosphorylation, which is essential to sustain cancer cell growth and can also alter sensitivity to chemotherapeutic compounds. This area is still lacking a unified model, although further investigation will more comprehensively map the underlying molecular mechanisms to enable better rational therapeutic strategies based on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee B Punter
- Department of Biomedical and Medical Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Charles Chu
- Department of Biomedical and Medical Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Edmond Y W Chan
- Department of Biomedical and Medical Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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63
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Garza S, Chen L, Galano M, Cheung G, Sottas C, Li L, Li Y, Zirkin BR, Papadopoulos V. Mitochondrial dynamics, Leydig cell function, and age-related testosterone deficiency. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22637. [PMID: 36349989 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201026r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial translocator protein (18 kDa; TSPO) is a high-affinity cholesterol-binding protein that is an integral component of the cholesterol trafficking scaffold responsible for determining the rate of cholesterol import into the mitochondria for steroid biosynthesis. Previous studies have shown that TSPO declines in aging Leydig cells (LCs) and that its decline is associated with depressed circulating testosterone levels in aging rats. However, TSPO's role in the mechanistic decline in LC function is not fully understood. To address the role of TSPO depletion in LC function, we first examined mitochondrial quality in Tspo knockout mouse tumor MA-10 nG1 LCs compared to wild-type MA-10 cells. Tspo deletion caused a disruption in mitochondrial function and membrane dynamics. Increasing mitochondrial fusion via treatment with the mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 or by optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) overexpression resulted in the restoration of mitochondrial function and mitochondrial morphology as well as in steroid formation in TSPO-depleted nG1 LCs. LCs isolated from aged rats form less testosterone than LCs isolated from young rats. Treatment of aging LCs with M1 improved mitochondrial function and increased androgen formation, suggesting that aging LC dysfunction may stem from compromised mitochondrial dynamics caused by the age-dependent LC TSPO decline. These results, taken together, suggest that maintaining or enhancing mitochondrial fusion may provide therapeutic strategies to maintain or restore testosterone levels with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Garza
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Liting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melanie Galano
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Garett Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chantal Sottas
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yuchang Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Barry R Zirkin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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64
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Petridi S, Dubal D, Rikhy R, van den Ameele J. Mitochondrial respiration and dynamics of in vivo neural stem cells. Development 2022; 149:285126. [PMID: 36445292 PMCID: PMC10112913 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the developing and adult brain undergo many different transitions, tightly regulated by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. While the role of signalling pathways and transcription factors is well established, recent evidence has also highlighted mitochondria as central players in NSC behaviour and fate decisions. Many aspects of cellular metabolism and mitochondrial biology change during NSC transitions, interact with signalling pathways and affect the activity of chromatin-modifying enzymes. In this Spotlight, we explore recent in vivo findings, primarily from Drosophila and mammalian model systems, about the role that mitochondrial respiration and morphology play in NSC development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Petridi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Dnyanesh Dubal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.,Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Richa Rikhy
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Jelle van den Ameele
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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65
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Bennett CF, Latorre-Muro P, Puigserver P. Mechanisms of mitochondrial respiratory adaptation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:817-835. [PMID: 35804199 PMCID: PMC9926497 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial energetic adaptations encompass a plethora of conserved processes that maintain cell and organismal fitness and survival in the changing environment by adjusting the respiratory capacity of mitochondria. These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. These changes can promote mitochondrial biogenesis and membrane dynamics that in turn support mitochondrial respiration. The main regulatory components of mitochondrial energetic adaptation include: the transcription coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1α (PGC1α) and associated transcription factors; mTOR and endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling; TOM70-dependent mitochondrial protein import; the cristae remodelling factors, including mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and OPA1; lipid remodelling; and the assembly and metabolite-dependent regulation of respiratory complexes. These adaptive molecular and structural mechanisms increase respiration to maintain basic processes specific to cell types and tissues. Failure to execute these regulatory responses causes cell damage and inflammation or senescence, compromising cell survival and the ability to adapt to energetically demanding conditions. Thus, mitochondrial adaptive cellular processes are important for physiological responses, including to nutrient availability, temperature and physical activity, and their failure leads to diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction such as metabolic and age-associated diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher F Bennett
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Latorre-Muro
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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66
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Targeting Mitochondrial Dynamics Proteins for the Development of Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314741. [PMID: 36499064 PMCID: PMC9736032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The identification of new pathogenetic targets contributes to more efficient development of new types of drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review highlights the problem of mitochondrial dynamics disorders, in the context of cardiovascular diseases. A change in the normal function of mitochondrial dynamics proteins is one of the reasons for the development of the pathological state of cardiomyocytes. Based on this, therapeutic targeting of these proteins may be a promising strategy in the development of cardiac drugs. Here we will consider changes for each process of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiovascular diseases: fission and fusion of mitochondria, mitophagy, mitochondrial transport and biogenesis, and also analyze the prospects of the considered protein targets based on existing drug developments.
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67
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Tilokani L, Russell FM, Hamilton S, Virga DM, Segawa M, Paupe V, Gruszczyk AV, Protasoni M, Tabara LC, Johnson M, Anand H, Murphy MP, Hardie DG, Polleux F, Prudent J. AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of MTFR1L regulates mitochondrial morphology. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo7956. [PMID: 36367943 PMCID: PMC9651865 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo7956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo membrane remodeling events in response to metabolic alterations to generate an adequate mitochondrial network. Here, we investigated the function of mitochondrial fission regulator 1-like protein (MTFR1L), an uncharacterized protein that has been identified in phosphoproteomic screens as a potential AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) substrate. We showed that MTFR1L is an outer mitochondrial membrane-localized protein modulating mitochondrial morphology. Loss of MTFR1L led to mitochondrial elongation associated with increased mitochondrial fusion events and levels of the mitochondrial fusion protein, optic atrophy 1. Mechanistically, we show that MTFR1L is phosphorylated by AMPK, which thereby controls the function of MTFR1L in regulating mitochondrial morphology both in mammalian cell lines and in murine cortical neurons in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MTFR1L is required for stress-induced AMPK-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation. Together, these findings identify MTFR1L as a critical mitochondrial protein transducing AMPK-dependent metabolic changes through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Tilokani
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona M. Russell
- Division of Cell Signalling & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Stevie Hamilton
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Daniel M. Virga
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mayuko Segawa
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent Paupe
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Anja V. Gruszczyk
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Margherita Protasoni
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Luis-Carlos Tabara
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark Johnson
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Hanish Anand
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - D. Grahame Hardie
- Division of Cell Signalling & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Franck Polleux
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Julien Prudent
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
- Corresponding author.
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68
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Sladen PE, Jovanovic K, Guarascio R, Ottaviani D, Salsbury G, Novoselova T, Chapple JP, Yu-Wai-Man P, Cheetham ME. Modelling autosomal dominant optic atrophy associated with OPA1 variants in iPSC-derived retinal ganglion cells. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3478-3493. [PMID: 35652445 PMCID: PMC9558835 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) is the most common inherited optic neuropathy, characterized by the preferential loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), resulting in optic nerve degeneration and progressive bilateral central vision loss. More than 60% of genetically confirmed patients with DOA carry variants in the nuclear OPA1 gene, which encodes for a ubiquitously expressed, mitochondrial GTPase protein. OPA1 has diverse functions within the mitochondrial network, facilitating inner membrane fusion and cristae modelling, regulating mitochondrial DNA maintenance and coordinating mitochondrial bioenergetics. There are currently no licensed disease-modifying therapies for DOA and the disease mechanisms driving RGC degeneration are poorly understood. Here, we describe the generation of isogenic, heterozygous OPA1 null induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) (OPA1+/-) through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing of a control cell line, in conjunction with the generation of DOA patient-derived iPSC carrying OPA1 variants, namely, the c.2708_2711delTTAG variant (DOA iPSC), and previously reported missense variant iPSC line (c.1334G>A, DOA plus [DOA]+ iPSC) and CRISPR/Cas9 corrected controls. A two-dimensional (2D) differentiation protocol was used to study the effect of OPA1 variants on iPSC-RGC differentiation and mitochondrial function. OPA1+/-, DOA and DOA+ iPSC showed no differentiation deficit compared to control iPSC lines, exhibiting comparable expression of all relevant markers at each stage of differentiation. OPA1+/- and OPA1 variant iPSC-RGCs exhibited impaired mitochondrial homeostasis, with reduced bioenergetic output and compromised mitochondrial DNA maintenance. These data highlight mitochondrial deficits associated with OPA1 dysfunction in human iPSC-RGCs, and establish a platform to study disease mechanisms that contribute to RGC loss in DOA, as well as potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Sladen
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | | | - Daniele Ottaviani
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, and Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua 35129, Italy
| | - Grace Salsbury
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tatiana Novoselova
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - J Paul Chapple
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
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69
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A 3D analysis revealed complexe mitochondria morphologies in porcine cumulus cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15403. [PMID: 36100690 PMCID: PMC9470746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19723-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the ovarian follicle, a bilateral cell-to-cell communication exists between the female germ cell and the cumulus cells which surround the oocyte. This communication allows the transit of small size molecules known to impact oocyte developmental competence. Pyruvate derivatives produced by mitochondria, are one of these transferred molecules. Interestingly, mitochondria may adopt a variety of morphologies to regulate their functions. In this study, we described mitochondrial morphologies in porcine cumulus cells. Active mitochondria were stained with TMRM (Tetramethylrhodamine, Methyl Ester, Perchlorate) and observed with 2D confocal microscopy showing mitochondria of different morphologies such as short, intermediate, long, and very long. The number of mitochondria of each phenotype was quantified in cells and the results showed that most cells contained elongated mitochondria. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed at nanoscale resolution the different mitochondrial morphologies including round, short, intermediate, and long. Interestingly, 3D visualisation by focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed different complex mitochondrial morphologies including connected clusters of different sizes, branched mitochondria, as well as individual mitochondria. Since mitochondrial dynamics is a key regulator of function, the description of the mitochondrial network organisation will allow to further study mitochondrial dynamics in cumulus cells in response to various conditions such as in vitro maturation.
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70
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Amorim R, Simões ICM, Teixeira J, Cagide F, Potes Y, Soares P, Carvalho A, Tavares LC, Benfeito S, Pereira SP, Simões RF, Karkucinska-Wieckowska A, Viegas I, Szymanska S, Dąbrowski M, Janikiewicz J, Cunha-Oliveira T, Dobrzyń A, Jones JG, Borges F, Wieckowski MR, Oliveira PJ. Mitochondria-targeted anti-oxidant AntiOxCIN 4 improved liver steatosis in Western diet-fed mice by preventing lipid accumulation due to upregulation of fatty acid oxidation, quality control mechanism and antioxidant defense systems. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102400. [PMID: 35863265 PMCID: PMC9304680 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a health concern affecting 24% of the population worldwide. Although the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying disease are not fully clarified, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key players in disease progression. Consequently, efforts to develop more efficient pharmacologic strategies targeting mitochondria for NAFLD prevention/treatment are underway. The conjugation of caffeic acid anti-oxidant moiety with an alkyl linker and a triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+), guided by structure-activity relationships, led to the development of a mitochondria-targeted anti-oxidant (AntiOxCIN4) with remarkable anti-oxidant properties. Recently, we described that AntiOxCIN4 improved mitochondrial function, upregulated anti-oxidant defense systems, and cellular quality control mechanisms (mitophagy/autophagy) via activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, preventing fatty acid-induced cell damage. Despite the data obtained, AntiOxCIN4 effects on cellular and mitochondrial energy metabolism in vivo were not studied. In the present work, we proposed that AntiOxCIN4 (2.5 mg/day/animal) may prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) phenotype development in a C57BL/6J mice fed with 30% high-fat, 30% high-sucrose diet for 16 weeks. HepG2 cells treated with AntiOxCIN4 (100 μM, 48 h) before the exposure to supraphysiologic free fatty acids (FFAs) (250 μM, 24 h) were used for complementary studies. AntiOxCIN4 decreased body (by 43%), liver weight (by 39%), and plasma hepatocyte damage markers in WD-fed mice. Hepatic-related parameters associated with a reduction of fat liver accumulation (by 600%) and the remodeling of fatty acyl chain composition compared with the WD-fed group were improved. Data from human HepG2 cells confirmed that a reduction of lipid droplets size and number can be a result from AntiOxCIN4-induced stimulation of fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial OXPHOS remodeling. In WD-fed mice, AntiOxCIN4 also induced a hepatic metabolism remodeling by upregulating mitochondrial OXPHOS, anti-oxidant defense system and phospholipid membrane composition, which is mediated by the PGC-1α-SIRT3 axis. AntiOxCIN4 prevented lipid accumulation-driven autophagic flux impairment, by increasing lysosomal proteolytic capacity. AntiOxCIN4 improved NAFL phenotype of WD-fed mice, via three main mechanisms: a) increase mitochondrial function (fatty acid oxidation); b) stimulation anti-oxidant defense system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) and; c) prevent the impairment in autophagy. Together, the findings support the potential use of AntiOxCIN4 in the prevention/treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Amorim
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês C M Simões
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pedro Soares
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ludgero C Tavares
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; CIVG - Vasco da Gama Research Center, University School Vasco da Gama - EUVG, 3020-210, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LametEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui F Simões
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Ivan Viegas
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sylwia Szymanska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyń
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John G Jones
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Simon L, Molina PE. Cellular Bioenergetics: Experimental Evidence for Alcohol-induced Adaptations. FUNCTION 2022; 3:zqac039. [PMID: 36120487 PMCID: PMC9469757 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
At-risk alcohol use is associated with multisystemic effects and end-organ injury, and significantly contributes to global health burden. Several alcohol-mediated mechanisms have been identified, with bioenergetic maladaptation gaining credence as an underlying pathophysiological mechanism contributing to cellular injury. This evidence-based review focuses on the current knowledge of alcohol-induced bioenergetic adaptations in metabolically active tissues: liver, cardiac and skeletal muscle, pancreas, and brain. Alcohol metabolism itself significantly interferes with bioenergetic pathways in tissues, particularly the liver. Alcohol decreases states of respiration in the electron transport chain, and activity and expression of respiratory complexes, with a net effect to decrease ATP content. In addition, alcohol dysregulates major metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid oxidation. These bioenergetic alterations are influenced by alcohol-mediated changes in mitochondrial morphology, biogenesis, and dynamics. The review highlights similarities and differences in bioenergetic adaptations according to tissue type, pattern of (acute vs. chronic) alcohol use, and energy substrate availability. The compromised bioenergetics synergizes with other critical pathophysiological mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress and accelerates cellular dysfunction, promoting senescence, programmed cell death, and end-organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology and Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology and Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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72
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Mitchell W, Tamucci JD, Ng EL, Liu S, Birk AV, Szeto HH, May ER, Alexandrescu AT, Alder NN. Structure-activity relationships of mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide pharmacological compounds. eLife 2022; 11:75531. [PMID: 35913044 PMCID: PMC9342957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in metabolic homeostasis, and dysfunction of this organelle underpins the etiology of many heritable and aging-related diseases. Tetrapeptides with alternating cationic and aromatic residues such as SS-31 (elamipretide) show promise as therapeutic compounds for mitochondrial disorders. In this study, we conducted a quantitative structure-activity analysis of three alternative tetrapeptide analogs, benchmarked against SS-31, that differ with respect to aromatic side chain composition and sequence register. We present the first structural models for this class of compounds, obtained with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and molecular dynamics approaches, showing that all analogs except for SS-31 form compact reverse turn conformations in the membrane-bound state. All peptide analogs bound cardiolipin-containing membranes, yet they had significant differences in equilibrium binding behavior and membrane interactions. Notably, analogs had markedly different effects on membrane surface charge, supporting a mechanism in which modulation of membrane electrostatics is a key feature of their mechanism of action. The peptides had no strict requirement for side chain composition or sequence register to permeate cells and target mitochondria in mammalian cell culture assays. All four peptides were pharmacologically active in serum withdrawal cell stress models yet showed significant differences in their abilities to restore mitochondrial membrane potential, preserve ATP content, and promote cell survival. Within our peptide set, the analog containing tryptophan side chains, SPN10, had the strongest impact on most membrane properties and showed greatest efficacy in cell culture studies. Taken together, these results show that side chain composition and register influence the activity of these mitochondria-targeted peptides, helping provide a framework for the rational design of next-generation therapeutics with enhanced potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Mitchell
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Tamucci
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Emery L Ng
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Shaoyi Liu
- Social Profit Network, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Alexander V Birk
- Department of Biology, York College of CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hazel H Szeto
- Social Profit Network, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Eric R May
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Andrei T Alexandrescu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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73
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Jin P, Jiang J, Zhou L, Huang Z, Nice EC, Huang C, Fu L. Mitochondrial adaptation in cancer drug resistance: prevalence, mechanisms, and management. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:97. [PMID: 35851420 PMCID: PMC9290242 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance represents a major obstacle in cancer management, and the mechanisms underlying stress adaptation of cancer cells in response to therapy-induced hostile environment are largely unknown. As the central organelle for cellular energy supply, mitochondria can rapidly undergo dynamic changes and integrate cellular signaling pathways to provide bioenergetic and biosynthetic flexibility for cancer cells, which contributes to multiple aspects of tumor characteristics, including drug resistance. Therefore, targeting mitochondria for cancer therapy and overcoming drug resistance has attracted increasing attention for various types of cancer. Multiple mitochondrial adaptation processes, including mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial metabolism, and mitochondrial apoptotic regulatory machinery, have been demonstrated to be potential targets. However, recent increasing insights into mitochondria have revealed the complexity of mitochondrial structure and functions, the elusive functions of mitochondria in tumor biology, and the targeting inaccessibility of mitochondria, which have posed challenges for the clinical application of mitochondrial-based cancer therapeutic strategies. Therefore, discovery of both novel mitochondria-targeting agents and innovative mitochondria-targeting approaches is urgently required. Here, we review the most recent literature to summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial stress adaptation and their intricate connection with cancer drug resistance. In addition, an overview of the emerging strategies to target mitochondria for effectively overcoming chemoresistance is highlighted, with an emphasis on drug repositioning and mitochondrial drug delivery approaches, which may accelerate the application of mitochondria-targeting compounds for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Harvey JP, Yu-Wai-Man P, Cheetham ME. Characterisation of a novel OPA1 splice variant resulting in cryptic splice site activation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:848-855. [PMID: 35534703 PMCID: PMC9259687 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) is an inherited optic neuropathy that results in progressive, bilateral visual acuity loss and field defects. OPA1 is the causative gene in around 60% of cases of DOA. The majority of patients have a pure ocular phenotype, but 20% have extra-ocular features (DOA +). We report on a patient with DOA + manifesting as bilateral optic atrophy, spastic paraparesis, urinary incontinence and white matter changes in the central nervous system associated with a novel heterozygous splice variant NM_015560.2(OPA1):c.2356-1 G > T. Further characterisation, which was performed using fibroblasts obtained from a skin biopsy, demonstrated that this variant altered mRNA splicing of the OPA1 transcript, specifically a 21 base pair deletion at the start of exon 24, NM_015560.2(OPA1):p.Cys786_Lys792del. The majority of variant transcripts were shown to escape nonsense-mediated decay and modelling of the predicted protein structure suggests that the in-frame 7 amino acid deletion may affect OPA1 oligomerisation. Fibroblasts carrying the c.2356-1 G > T variant demonstrated impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics, membrane potential, increased cell death, and disrupted and fragmented mitochondrial networks in comparison to WT cells. This study suggests that the c.2356-1 G > T OPA1 splice site variant leads to a cryptic splice site activation and may manifest in a dominant-negative manner, which could account for the patient's severe syndromic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Paul Harvey
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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75
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Kong B, Han CY, Kim SI, Patten DA, Han Y, Carmona E, Shieh DB, Cheung AC, Mes-Masson AM, Harper ME, Song YS, Tsang BK. Prohibitin 1 interacts with p53 in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and chemoresistance in gynecologic cancers. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:70. [PMID: 35668443 PMCID: PMC9172162 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dynamics (e.g. fission/fusion) play an important role in controlling chemoresistance in representative gynecologic malignancies, ovarian and cervical cancer. Processing the long form of Optic atrophy (L-Opa)1 is a distinctive character of mitochondrial fragmentation, associated with chemosensitivity. Here, we examined the role of prohibitin (Phb)1 in increasing L-Opa1 processing via the regulating mitochondrial protease, Oma1 and its direct interaction with p-p53 (ser15) and pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 antagonist/killer (Bak) 1 in the signaling axis and if this phenomenon is associated with prognosis of patients. Methods We compared Cisplatin (CDDP)-induced response of mitochondrial dynamics, molecular interaction among p-p53 (ser15)-Phb1-Bak, and chemoresponsiveness in paired chemosensitive and chemoresistant gynecologic cancer cells (ovarian and cervical cancer cell lines) using western blot, immunoprecipitation, sea horse, and immunofluorescence. Translational strategy with proximity ligation assessment in phb1-p-p53 (ser15) in human ovarian tumor sections further confirmed in vitro finding, associated with clinical outcome. Results We report that: (1) Knock-down of Phb1 prevents Cisplatin (cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum; CDDP) -induced changes in mitochondrial fragmentation and Oma1 mediated cleavage, and Opa1 processing; (2) In response to CDDP, Phb1 facilitates the p-p53 (ser15)-Phb1-Bak interaction in mitochondria in chemosensitive gynecologic cancer cells but not in chemoresistant cells; (3) Akt overexpression results in suppressed p-p53(Ser15)-Phb1 interaction and dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics, and (4) Consistent with in vitro findings, proximity ligation assessment (PLA) in human ovarian tumor sections demonstrated that p-p53(ser15)-Phb1-Bak interaction in mitochondria is associated with better chemoresponsiveness and clinical outcome of patients. Determining the molecular mechanisms by which Phb1 facilitates mitochondrial fragmentation and interacts with p53 may advance the current understanding of chemoresistance and pathogenesis of gynecologic cancer. Conclusion Determining the key molecular mechanisms by which Phb1 facilitates the formation of p-p53 (ser15)-Bak-Phb1 and its involvement in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis may ultimately contribute to the current understanding of molecular and cellular basis of chemoresistance in this gynecologic cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-022-00999-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Kong
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa, and Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Mail Box #511, ON, K1H 8L6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chae Young Han
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa, and Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Mail Box #511, ON, K1H 8L6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - David A Patten
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Youngjin Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Euridice Carmona
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dar-Bin Shieh
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Annie C Cheung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin K Tsang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa, and Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Mail Box #511, ON, K1H 8L6, Ottawa, Canada.
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76
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van der Stel W, Yang H, le Dévédec SE, van de Water B, Beltman JB, Danen EHJ. High-content high-throughput imaging reveals distinct connections between mitochondrial morphology and functionality for OXPHOS complex I, III, and V inhibitors. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022:10.1007/s10565-022-09712-6. [PMID: 35505273 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cells can adjust their mitochondrial morphology by altering the balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion to adapt to stressful conditions. The connection between a chemical perturbation, changes in mitochondrial function, and altered mitochondrial morphology is not well understood. Here, we made use of high-throughput high-content confocal microscopy to assess the effects of distinct classes of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex inhibitors on mitochondrial parameters in a concentration and time resolved manner. Mitochondrial morphology phenotypes were clustered based on machine learning algorithms and mitochondrial integrity patterns were mapped. In parallel, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial and cellular ATP levels, and viability were microscopically assessed. We found that inhibition of MMP, mitochondrial ATP production, and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) using sublethal concentrations of complex I and III inhibitors did not trigger mitochondrial fragmentation. Instead, complex V inhibitors that suppressed ATP and OCR but increased MMP provoked a more fragmented mitochondrial morphology. In agreement, complex V but not complex I or III inhibitors triggered proteolytic cleavage of the mitochondrial fusion protein, OPA1. The relation between increased MMP and fragmentation did not extend beyond OXPHOS complex inhibitors: increasing MMP by blocking the mPTP pore did not lead to OPA1 cleavage or mitochondrial fragmentation and the OXPHOS uncoupler FCCP was associated with OPA1 cleavage and MMP reduction. Altogether, our findings connect vital mitochondrial functions and phenotypes in a high-throughput high-content confocal microscopy approach that help understanding of chemical-induced toxicity caused by OXPHOS complex perturbing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda van der Stel
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Huan Yang
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia E le Dévédec
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joost B Beltman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J Danen
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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77
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Carter RJ, Milani M, Beckett AJ, Liu S, Prior IA, Cohen GM, Varadarajan S. Novel roles of RTN4 and CLIMP-63 in regulating mitochondrial structure, bioenergetics and apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:436. [PMID: 35508606 PMCID: PMC9068774 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recruitment of DRP1 to mitochondrial membranes prior to fission is facilitated by the wrapping of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes around the mitochondria. To investigate the complex interplay between the ER membranes and DRP1 in the context of mitochondrial structure and function, we downregulate two key ER shaping proteins, RTN4 and CLIMP-63, and demonstrate pronounced mitochondrial hyperfusion and reduced ER-mitochondria contacts, despite their differential regulation of ER architecture. Although mitochondrial recruitment of DRP1 is unaltered in cells lacking RTN4 or CLIMP-63, several aspects of mitochondrial function, such as mtDNA-encoded translation, respiratory capacity and apoptosis are significantly hampered. Further mechanistic studies reveal that CLIMP-63 is required for cristae remodeling (OPA1 proteolysis) and DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission, whereas both RTN4 and CLIMP-63 regulate the recruitment of BAX to ER and mitochondrial membranes to enable cytochrome c release and apoptosis, thereby performing novel and distinct roles in the regulation of mitochondrial structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J. Carter
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Departments of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Mateus Milani
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Departments of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Alison J. Beckett
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Molecular Physiology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Shiyu Liu
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Departments of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Ian A. Prior
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Molecular Physiology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Gerald M. Cohen
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Departments of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Shankar Varadarajan
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Departments of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
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Sato T, Goto-Inoue N, Kimishima M, Toyoharu J, Minei R, Ogura A, Nagoya H, Mori T. A novel ND1 mitochondrial DNA mutation is maternally inherited in growth hormone transgenesis in amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae). Sci Rep 2022; 12:6720. [PMID: 35469048 PMCID: PMC9038734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) transgenesis can be used to manipulate the growth performance of fish and mammals. In this study, homozygous and hemizygous GH-transgenic amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae) derived from a single female exhibited hypoglycemia. Proteomic and signal network analyses using iTRAQ indicated a decreased NAD+/NADH ratio in transgenic fish, indicative of reduced mitochondrial ND1 function and ROS levels. Mitochondrial DNA sequencing revealed that approximately 28% of the deletion mutations in the GH homozygous- and hemizygous-female-derived mitochondrial DNA occurred in ND1. These fish also displayed decreased ROS levels. Our results indicate that GH transgenesis in amago salmon may induce specific deletion mutations that are maternally inherited over generations and alter energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Masaya Kimishima
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Jike Toyoharu
- Research Institute of Medical Research Support Center Electron Microscope Laboratory, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Minei
- Department of Computer Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogura
- Department of Computer Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagoya
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Minamiise, 516-0193, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mori
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan.
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79
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Yoneda M, Aklima J, Ohsawa I, Ohta Y. Effects of proton pumping on the structural rigidity of cristae in mitochondria. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 720:109172. [PMID: 35276212 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria change their morphology and inner membrane structure depending on their activity. Since mitochondrial activity also depends on their structure, it is important to elucidate the interrelationship between the activity and structure of mitochondria. However, the mechanism by which mitochondrial activity affects the structure of cristae, the folded structure of the inner membrane, is not well understood. In this study, the effect of the mitochondrial activity on the cristae structure was investigated by examining the structural rigidity of cristae. Taking advantage of the fact that unfolding of cristae induces mitochondrial swelling, we investigated the relationship between mitochondrial activity and the susceptibility to swelling. The swelling of individual isolated mitochondria exposed to a hypotonic solution was observed with an optical microscope. The presence of respiratory substrates (malate and glutamate) increased the percentage of mitochondria that underwent swelling, and the further addition of rotenone or KCN (inhibitors of proton pumps) reversed the increase. In the absence of respiratory substrates, acidification of the buffer surrounding the mitochondria also increased the percentage of swollen mitochondria. These observations suggest that acidification of the outer surface of inner membranes, especially intracristal space, by proton translocation from the matrix to the intracristal space, decreases the structural rigidity of the cristae. This interpretation was verified by the observation that ADP or CCCP, which induces proton re-entry to the matrix, suppressed the mitochondrial swelling in the presence of respiratory substrates. The addition of CCCP to the cells induced a morphological change in mitochondria from an initial elongated structure to a largely curved structure at pH 7.4, but there were no morphological changes when the pH of the cytosol dropped to 6.2. These results suggest that a low pH in the intracristal space may be helpful in maintaining the elongated structure of mitochondria. The present study shows that proton pumping by the electron transfer chain is the mechanism underlying mitochondrial morphology and the flexibility of cristae structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Yoneda
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Jannatul Aklima
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
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80
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Dubal D, Moghe P, Verma RK, Uttekar B, Rikhy R. Mitochondrial fusion regulates proliferation and differentiation in the type II neuroblast lineage in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010055. [PMID: 35157701 PMCID: PMC8880953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal mitochondrial function determined by mitochondrial dynamics, morphology and activity is coupled to stem cell differentiation and organism development. However, the mechanisms of interaction of signaling pathways with mitochondrial morphology and activity are not completely understood. We assessed the role of mitochondrial fusion and fission in the differentiation of neural stem cells called neuroblasts (NB) in the Drosophila brain. Depleting mitochondrial inner membrane fusion protein Opa1 and mitochondrial outer membrane fusion protein Marf in the Drosophila type II NB lineage led to mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of activity. Opa1 and Marf depletion did not affect the numbers of type II NBs but led to a decrease in differentiated progeny. Opa1 depletion decreased the mature intermediate precursor cells (INPs), ganglion mother cells (GMCs) and neurons by the decreased proliferation of the type II NBs and mature INPs. Marf depletion led to a decrease in neurons by a depletion of proliferation of GMCs. On the contrary, loss of mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 led to mitochondrial clustering but did not show defects in differentiation. Depletion of Drp1 along with Opa1 or Marf also led to mitochondrial clustering and suppressed the loss of mitochondrial activity and defects in proliferation and differentiation in the type II NB lineage. Opa1 depletion led to decreased Notch signaling in the type II NB lineage. Further, Notch signaling depletion via the canonical pathway showed mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of differentiation similar to Opa1 depletion. An increase in Notch signaling showed mitochondrial clustering similar to Drp1 mutants. Further, Drp1 mutant overexpression combined with Notch depletion showed mitochondrial fusion and drove differentiation in the lineage, suggesting that fused mitochondria can influence differentiation in the type II NB lineage. Our results implicate crosstalk between proliferation, Notch signaling, mitochondrial activity and fusion as an essential step in differentiation in the type II NB lineage. Mitochondrial morphology and function are coupled to stem cell differentiation and organism development. It is of interest to examine the mechanisms of interaction of mitochondrial dynamics with signaling pathways during stem cell differentiation. We have assessed the role of mitochondrial fusion and fission in the differentiation of neural stem cells called neuroblasts (NB) in the Drosophila brain. Depleting mitochondrial fusion proteins Opa1 and Marf led to mitochondrial fragmentation, loss of mitochondrial activity and proliferation, thereby causing a decrease in the numbers of differentiated cells in each type II NB lineage. Mutants in mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 led to mitochondrial fusion but did not cause any differentiation defects. Decreased Notch signaling by the canonical pathway led to mitochondrial fragmentation and a decrease in differentiated cells in each type II NB lineage. Expression of Drp1 mutants in type II NB lineages depleted of Opa1 and Marf suppressed their proliferation and differentiation defects. Expression of Drp1 mutant in type II NB lineages depleted of Notch also led to a rescue of differentiated progeny in each lineage. Our results implicate crosstalk between Notch signaling, mitochondrial activity and fusion as important steps for proliferation and differentiation in the type II NB lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyanesh Dubal
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Prachiti Moghe
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Verma
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Bhavin Uttekar
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Richa Rikhy
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
- * E-mail:
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81
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Madan S, Uttekar B, Chowdhary S, Rikhy R. Mitochondria Lead the Way: Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in Cellular Movements in Development and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:781933. [PMID: 35186947 PMCID: PMC8848284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.781933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamics, distribution and activity of subcellular organelles are integral to regulating cell shape changes during various physiological processes such as epithelial cell formation, cell migration and morphogenesis. Mitochondria are famously known as the powerhouse of the cell and play an important role in buffering calcium, releasing reactive oxygen species and key metabolites for various activities in a eukaryotic cell. Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology changes regulate these functions and their regulation is, in turn, crucial for various morphogenetic processes. In this review, we evaluate recent literature which highlights the role of mitochondrial morphology and activity during cell shape changes in epithelial cell formation, cell division, cell migration and tissue morphogenesis during organism development and in disease. In general, we find that mitochondrial shape is regulated for their distribution or translocation to the sites of active cell shape dynamics or morphogenesis. Often, key metabolites released locally and molecules buffered by mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating signaling pathways that motivate changes in cell shape, mitochondrial shape and mitochondrial activity. We conclude that mechanistic analysis of interactions between mitochondrial morphology, activity, signaling pathways and cell shape changes across the various cell and animal-based model systems holds the key to deciphering the common principles for this interaction.
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82
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Döhla J, Kuuluvainen E, Gebert N, Amaral A, Englund JI, Gopalakrishnan S, Konovalova S, Nieminen AI, Salminen ES, Torregrosa Muñumer R, Ahlqvist K, Yang Y, Bui H, Otonkoski T, Käkelä R, Hietakangas V, Tyynismaa H, Ori A, Katajisto P. Metabolic determination of cell fate through selective inheritance of mitochondria. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:148-154. [PMID: 35165416 PMCID: PMC7612378 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic characteristics of adult stem cells are distinct from their differentiated progeny, and cellular metabolism is emerging as a potential driver of cell fate conversions1-4. How these metabolic features are established remains unclear. Here we identified inherited metabolism imposed by functionally distinct mitochondrial age-classes as a fate determinant in asymmetric division of epithelial stem-like cells. While chronologically old mitochondria support oxidative respiration, the electron transport chain of new organelles is proteomically immature and they respire less. After cell division, selectively segregated mitochondrial age-classes elicit a metabolic bias in progeny cells, with oxidative energy metabolism promoting differentiation in cells that inherit old mitochondria. Cells that inherit newly synthesized mitochondria with low levels of Rieske iron-sulfur polypeptide 1 have a higher pentose phosphate pathway activity, which promotes de novo purine biosynthesis and redox balance, and is required to maintain stemness during early fate determination after division. Our results demonstrate that fate decisions are susceptible to intrinsic metabolic bias imposed by selectively inherited mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Döhla
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emilia Kuuluvainen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nadja Gebert
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Ana Amaral
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna I Englund
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Svetlana Konovalova
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni I Nieminen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ella S Salminen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rubén Torregrosa Muñumer
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Ahlqvist
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yang Yang
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hien Bui
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Hietakangas
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Pekka Katajisto
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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83
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Lopez-Fabuel I, Garcia-Macia M, Buondelmonte C, Burmistrova O, Bonora N, Alonso-Batan P, Morant-Ferrando B, Vicente-Gutierrez C, Jimenez-Blasco D, Quintana-Cabrera R, Fernandez E, Llop J, Ramos-Cabrer P, Sharaireh A, Guevara-Ferrer M, Fitzpatrick L, Thompton CD, McKay TR, Storch S, Medina DL, Mole SE, Fedichev PO, Almeida A, Bolaños JP. Aberrant upregulation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:536. [PMID: 35087090 PMCID: PMC8795187 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is an inherited lysosomal storage neurodegenerative disease highly prevalent in children. CLN7/MFSD8 gene encodes a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein, but the biochemical processes affected by CLN7-loss of function are unexplored thus preventing development of potential treatments. Here, we found, in the Cln7∆ex2 mouse model of CLN7 disease, that failure in autophagy causes accumulation of structurally and bioenergetically impaired neuronal mitochondria. In vivo genetic approach reveals elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in Cln7∆ex2 neurons that mediates glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 activation and contributes to CLN7 pathogenesis. Mechanistically, mROS sustains a signaling cascade leading to protein stabilization of PFKFB3, normally unstable in healthy neurons. Administration of the highly selective PFKFB3 inhibitor AZ67 in Cln7∆ex2 mouse brain in vivo and in CLN7 patients-derived cells rectifies key disease hallmarks. Thus, aberrant upregulation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in neurons may contribute to CLN7 pathogenesis and targeting PFKFB3 could alleviate this and other lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lopez-Fabuel
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Marina Garcia-Macia
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Costantina Buondelmonte
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Nicolo Bonora
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Alonso-Batan
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Brenda Morant-Ferrando
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicente-Gutierrez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Jimenez-Blasco
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Quintana-Cabrera
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernandez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aseel Sharaireh
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Marta Guevara-Ferrer
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lorna Fitzpatrick
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | | | - Tristan R McKay
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Stephan Storch
- University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), High Content Screening Facility, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara E Mole
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Biology and GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Angeles Almeida
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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84
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Yang Z, Wang L, Yang C, Pu S, Guo Z, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Zhao H. Mitochondrial Membrane Remodeling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:786806. [PMID: 35059386 PMCID: PMC8763711 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.786806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key regulators of many important cellular processes and their dysfunction has been implicated in a large number of human disorders. Importantly, mitochondrial function is tightly linked to their ultrastructure, which possesses an intricate membrane architecture defining specific submitochondrial compartments. In particular, the mitochondrial inner membrane is highly folded into membrane invaginations that are essential for oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, mitochondrial membranes are highly dynamic and undergo constant membrane remodeling during mitochondrial fusion and fission. It has remained enigmatic how these membrane curvatures are generated and maintained, and specific factors involved in these processes are largely unknown. This review focuses on the current understanding of the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial membrane architectural organization and factors critical for mitochondrial morphogenesis, as well as their functional link to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Ziqi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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85
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Cartes-Saavedra B, Macuada J, Lagos D, Arancibia D, Andrés ME, Yu-Wai-Man P, Hajnóczky G, Eisner V. OPA1 Modulates Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Uptake Through ER-Mitochondria Coupling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:774108. [PMID: 35047497 PMCID: PMC8762365 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA), a disease that causes blindness and other neurological disorders, is linked to OPA1 mutations. OPA1, dependent on its GTPase and GED domains, governs inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) fusion and cristae organization, which are central to oxidative metabolism. Mitochondrial dynamics and IMM organization have also been implicated in Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling but the specific involvements of OPA1 in Ca2+ dynamics remain to be established. Here we studied the possible outcomes of OPA1 and its ADOA-linked mutations in Ca2+ homeostasis using rescue and overexpression strategies in Opa1-deficient and wild-type murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), respectively and in human ADOA-derived fibroblasts. MEFs lacking Opa1 required less Ca2+ mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to induce a mitochondrial matrix [Ca2+] rise ([Ca2+]mito). This was associated with closer ER-mitochondria contacts and no significant changes in the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex. Patient cells carrying OPA1 GTPase or GED domain mutations also exhibited altered Ca2+ homeostasis, and the mutations associated with lower OPA1 levels displayed closer ER-mitochondria gaps. Furthermore, in Opa1 -/- MEF background, we found that acute expression of OPA1 GTPase mutants but no GED mutants, partially restored cytosolic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]cyto) needed for a prompt [Ca2+]mito rise. Finally, OPA1 mutants' overexpression in WT MEFs disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis, partially recapitulating the observations in ADOA patient cells. Thus, OPA1 modulates functional ER-mitochondria coupling likely through the OPA1 GED domain in Opa1 -/- MEFs. However, the co-existence of WT and mutant forms of OPA1 in patients promotes an imbalance of Ca2+ homeostasis without a domain-specific effect, likely contributing to the overall ADOA progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Cartes-Saavedra
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Josefa Macuada
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Lagos
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Duxan Arancibia
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María E. Andrés
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Verónica Eisner
- Departamento Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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86
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Song L, Yu J, Zhang D, Li X, Chen L, Cai Z, Yu C. Androgen Excess Induced Mitochondrial Abnormality in Ovarian Granulosa Cells in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:789008. [PMID: 35370945 PMCID: PMC8967935 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.789008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen excess could profoundly lead to follicular dysplasia or atresia, and finally result in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); however, the exact mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. METHODS PCOS model rats were induced by dehydroepiandrosterone, and their fertility was assessed. The ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) from matured follicles of PCOS model rats were collected and identified by immunofluorescence. The mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscope and the mitochondrial function was determined by detecting the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and mtDNA copy number. Besides, the expressions of respiratory chain complexes and ATP synthases in relation to mitochondrial function were analyzed. RESULTS The PCOS model rats were successfully induced, and their reproductive outcomes were obviously adverse. The GCs layer of the ovarian was apparently cut down and the mitochondrial ultrastructure of ovarian GCs was distinctly destroyed. The ATP content and mtDNA copy number of ovarian GCs in PCOS model rats were greatly reduced, and the expressions of NDUFB8 and ATP5j were significantly down-regulated without obvious deletion of mtDNA 4834-bp. CONCLUSIONS Androgen excess could damage mitochondrial ultrastructure and function of GCs in rat ovary by down-regulating expression of NDUFB8 and ATP5j in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Song
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Jiangsu Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, Zhejiang Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zailong Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chaoqin Yu, ; Zailong Cai,
| | - Chaoqin Yu
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chaoqin Yu, ; Zailong Cai,
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87
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Sahabi S, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Zarghami N. A new insight into cell biological and biochemical changes through aging. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151841. [PMID: 34995929 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
After several years of extensive research, the main cause of aging is yet elusive. There are some theories about aging, such as stem cell aging, senescent cells accumulation, and neuro-endocrine theories. None of them is able to explain all changes that happen in cells and body through aging. By finding out the main cause of aging, it will be much easier to control, prevent and even reverse the aging process. Our cells, regardless of their replicative capacity, get old through aging and they have almost the same epigenetic age. Different cell signaling pathways contribute to aging. The most important one is mTORC1 that becomes hyperactive in cells that undergo aging. Other significant changes with age are lysosome accumulation, impaired autophagy, and mitophagy. Immune system undergoes gradual changes through aging including a shift from lymphoid to myeloid lineage production as well as increased IL-6 and TNF-α which lead to age-related weight loss and meta-inflammation. Additionally, our endocrine system also experiences some changes that should be taken into consideration when looking for the main cause of aging in the human body. In this review, we planned to summarize some of the changes that happen in cells and the body through aging.
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88
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Gottschalk B, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Graier WF. Cristae junction as a fundamental switchboard for mitochondrial ion signaling and bioenergetics. Cell Calcium 2022; 101:102517. [PMID: 34915234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OPA1 and MICU1 are both involved in the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and the stabilization of the cristae junction, which separates the inner mitochondrial membrane into the interboundary membrane and the cristae membrane. In this mini-review, we focus on the synergetic control of OPA1 and MICU1 on the cristae junction that serves as a fundamental regulator of multiple mitochondrial functions. In particular, we point to the critical role of an adaptive cristae junction permeability in mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling, spatial H+ gradients and mitochondrial membrane potential, metabolic activity, and apoptosis. These characteristics bear on a distinct localization of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery, the FoF1-ATPase, and mitochondrial Ca2+uniporter (MCU) within sections of the inner mitochondrial membrane isolated by the cristae junction and regulated by proteins like OPA1 and MICU1. We specifically focus on the impact of MICU1-regulated cristae junction on the activity and distribution of MCU within the complex ultrastructure of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gottschalk
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, Graz, 8010 Austria; BioTechMed, Graz.
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89
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Muñoz-Úbeda M, Semenzato M, Franco-Romero A, Junquera E, Aicart E, Scorrano L, López-Montero I. Transgene expression in mice of the Opa1 mitochondrial transmembrane protein through bicontinuous cubic lipoplexes containing gemini imidazolium surfactants. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:425. [PMID: 34922554 PMCID: PMC8684174 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipoplexes are non-viral vectors based on cationic lipids used to deliver DNA into cells, also known as lipofection. The positively charge of the hydrophilic head-group provides the cationic lipids the ability to condensate the negatively charged DNA into structured complexes. The polar head can carry a large variety of chemical groups including amines as well as guanidino or imidazole groups. In particular, gemini cationic lipids consist of two positive polar heads linked by a spacer with different length. As for the hydrophobic aliphatic chains, they can be unsaturated or saturated and are connected to the polar head-groups. Many other chemical components can be included in the formulation of lipoplexes to improve their transfection efficiency, which often relies on their structural features. Varying these components can drastically change the arrangement of DNA molecules within the lamellar, hexagonal or cubic phases that are provided by the lipid matrix. Lipofection is widely used to deliver genetic material in cell culture experiments but the simpler formulations exhibit major drawbacks related to low transfection, low specificity, low circulation half-life and toxicity when scaled up to in vivo experiments. RESULTS So far, we have explored in cell cultures the transfection ability of lipoplexes based on gemini cationic lipids that consist of two C16 alkyl chains and two imidazolium polar head-groups linked with a polyoxyethylene spacer, (C16Im)2(C4O). Here, PEGylated lipids have been introduced to the lipoplex formulation and the transgene expression of the Opa1 mitochondrial transmembrane protein in mice was assessed. The addition of PEG on the surface of the lipid mixed resulted in the formation of Ia3d bicontinuous cubic phases as determined by small angle X-ray scattering. After a single intramuscular administration, the cubic lipoplexes were accumulated in tissues with tight endothelial barriers such as brain, heart, and lungs for at least 48 h. The transgene expression of Opa1 in those organs was identified by western blotting or RNA expression analysis through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS The expression reported here is sufficient in magnitude, duration and toxicity to consolidate the bicontinuous cubic structures formed by (C16Im)2(C4O)-based lipoplexes as valuable therapeutic agents in the field of gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Muñoz-Úbeda
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Martina Semenzato
- Fondazione Per La Ricerca Biomèdica Avanzata, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Anais Franco-Romero
- Fondazione Per La Ricerca Biomèdica Avanzata, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Junquera
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Fondazione Per La Ricerca Biomèdica Avanzata, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Iván López-Montero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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90
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O'Brien KA, McNally BD, Sowton AP, Murgia A, Armitage J, Thomas LW, Krause FN, Maddalena LA, Francis I, Kavanagh S, Williams DP, Ashcroft M, Griffin JL, Lyon JJ, Murray AJ. Enhanced hepatic respiratory capacity and altered lipid metabolism support metabolic homeostasis during short-term hypoxic stress. BMC Biol 2021; 19:265. [PMID: 34911556 PMCID: PMC8675474 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue hypoxia is a key feature of several endemic hepatic diseases, including alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and organ failure. Hypoxia imposes a severe metabolic challenge on the liver, potentially disrupting its capacity to carry out essential functions including fuel storage and the integration of lipid metabolism at the whole-body level. Mitochondrial respiratory function is understood to be critical in mediating the hepatic hypoxic response, yet the time-dependent nature of this response and the role of the respiratory chain in this remain unclear. RESULTS Here, we report that hepatic respiratory capacity is enhanced following short-term exposure to hypoxia (2 days, 10% O2) and is associated with increased abundance of the respiratory chain supercomplex III2+IV and increased cardiolipin levels. Suppression of this enhanced respiratory capacity, achieved via mild inhibition of mitochondrial complex III, disrupted metabolic homeostasis. Hypoxic exposure for 2 days led to accumulation of plasma and hepatic long chain acyl-carnitines. This was observed alongside depletion of hepatic triacylglycerol species with total chain lengths of 39-53 carbons, containing palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, and oleic acids, which are associated with de novo lipogenesis. The changes to hepatic respiratory capacity and lipid metabolism following 2 days hypoxic exposure were transient, becoming resolved after 14 days in line with systemic acclimation to hypoxia and elevated circulating haemoglobin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The liver maintains metabolic homeostasis in response to shorter term hypoxic exposure through transient enhancement of respiratory chain capacity and alterations to lipid metabolism. These findings may have implications in understanding and treating hepatic pathologies associated with hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A O'Brien
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Ben D McNally
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Alice P Sowton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Antonio Murgia
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - James Armitage
- Global Investigative Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Luke W Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fynn N Krause
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Lucas A Maddalena
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ian Francis
- Ultrastructure and Cellular Bioimaging, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Stefan Kavanagh
- Oncology Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, CB2 OAA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dominic P Williams
- Functional and Mechanistic Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, CB2 OAA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margaret Ashcroft
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan J Lyon
- Global Investigative Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
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91
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Zhang T, Li J, Zhao G. Quality Control Mechanisms of Mitochondria: Another Important Target for Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1513-1527. [PMID: 34851723 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria provide energy for various cellular activities and are involved in the regulating of several physiological and pathological processes. Mitochondria constitute a dynamic network regulated by numerous quality control mechanisms; for example, division is necessary for mitochondria to develop, and fusion dilutes toxins produced by the mitochondria. Mitophagy removes damaged mitochondria. The etiologies of peripheral neuropathy include congenital and acquired diseases, and the pathogenesis varies; however, oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial damage is the accepted pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy. Regulation and control of mitochondrial quality might point the way toward potential treatments for peripheral neuropathy. This article will review mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, their involvement in peripheral nerve diseases, and their potential therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Zhang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Jiannan Li
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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92
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Bean C, Audano M, Varanita T, Favaretto F, Medaglia M, Gerdol M, Pernas L, Stasi F, Giacomello M, Herkenne S, Muniandy M, Heinonen S, Cazaly E, Ollikainen M, Milan G, Pallavicini A, Pietiläinen KH, Vettor R, Mitro N, Scorrano L. The mitochondrial protein Opa1 promotes adipocyte browning that is dependent on urea cycle metabolites. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1633-1647. [PMID: 34873337 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
White to brown/beige adipocytes conversion is a possible therapeutic strategy to tackle the current obesity epidemics. While mitochondria are key for energy dissipation in brown fat, it is unknown if they can drive adipocyte browning. Here, we show that the mitochondrial cristae biogenesis protein optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) facilitates cell-autonomous adipocyte browning. In two cohorts of patients with obesity, including weight discordant monozygotic twin pairs, adipose tissue OPA1 levels are reduced. In the mouse, Opa1 overexpression favours white adipose tissue expandability as well as browning, ultimately improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses identify the Jumanji family chromatin remodelling protein Kdm3a and urea cycle metabolites, including fumarate, as effectors of Opa1-dependent browning. Mechanistically, the higher cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in Opa1 pre-adipocytes activate cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), which transcribes urea cycle enzymes. Flux analyses in pre-adipocytes indicate that Opa1-dependent fumarate accumulation depends on the urea cycle. Conversely, adipocyte-specific Opa1 deletion curtails urea cycle and beige differentiation of pre-adipocytes, and is rescued by fumarate supplementation. Thus, the urea cycle links the mitochondrial dynamics protein Opa1 to white adipocyte browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Bean
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatiana Varanita
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marta Medaglia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lena Pernas
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Stasi
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Stèphanie Herkenne
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Maheswary Muniandy
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sini Heinonen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Cazaly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Obesity Centre, Abdominal Centre, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
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93
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Hu D, Liu Z, Qi X. Mitochondrial Quality Control Strategies: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Neurosci 2021; 15:746873. [PMID: 34867159 PMCID: PMC8633545 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.746873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many lines of evidence have indicated the therapeutic potential of rescuing mitochondrial integrity by targeting specific mitochondrial quality control pathways in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. In addition to ATP synthesis, mitochondria are critical regulators of ROS production, lipid metabolism, calcium buffering, and cell death. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy are the three main quality control mechanisms responsible for maintaining mitochondrial proteostasis and bioenergetics. The proper functioning of these complex processes is necessary to surveil and restore mitochondrial homeostasis and the healthy pool of mitochondria in cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early and causally in disease pathogenesis. A significant accumulation of mitochondrial damage resulting from compromised quality control pathways leads to the development of neuropathology. Moreover, genetic or pharmaceutical manipulation targeting the mitochondrial quality control mechanisms can sufficiently rescue mitochondrial integrity and ameliorate disease progression. Thus, therapies that can improve mitochondrial quality control have great promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the field that underscores the essential role of impaired mitochondrial quality control pathways in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the translational approaches targeting mitochondrial function, with a focus on the restoration of mitochondrial integrity, including mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondrial proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zunren Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
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94
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Dose-Dependent Response to the Environmental Pollutant Dichlorodipheniletylhene (DDE) in HepG2 Cells: Focus on Cell Viability and Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Proteins. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110270. [PMID: 34822661 PMCID: PMC8619198 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), the primary persistent metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), has toxic effects on cells, but its dose-dependent impact on mitochondrial proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion and fission processes associated with cell viability impairment has not yet been analysed. Mitochondrial fusion and fission processes are critical to maintaining the mitochondrial network and allowing the cell to respond to external stressors such as environmental pollutants. Fusion processes are associated with optimizing mitochondrial function, whereas fission processes are associated with removing damaged mitochondria. We assessed the effects of different DDE doses, ranging between 0.5 and 100 µM, on cell viability and mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins in an in vitro hepatic cell model (human hepatocarcinomatous cells, HepG2); the DDE induced a decrease in cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and its effect was enhanced in conditions of coincubation with dietary fatty acids. Fusion protein markers exhibited an inverted U-shape dose-response curve, showing the highest content in the 2.5–25 μM DDE dose range. The fission protein marker was found to increase significantly, leading to an increased fission/fusion ratio with high DDE doses. The low DDE doses elicited cell adaption by stimulating mitochondrial dynamics machinery, whereas high DDE doses induced cell viability loss associated with mitochondrial dynamics to shift toward fission. Present results are helpful to clarify the mechanisms underlying the cell fate towards survival or death in response to increasing doses of environmental pollutants.
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95
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Tracy EP, Hughes W, Beare JE, Rowe G, Beyer A, LeBlanc AJ. Aging-Induced Impairment of Vascular Function: Mitochondrial Redox Contributions and Physiological/Clinical Implications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:974-1015. [PMID: 34314229 PMCID: PMC8905248 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The vasculature responds to the respiratory needs of tissue by modulating luminal diameter through smooth muscle constriction or relaxation. Coronary perfusion, diastolic function, and coronary flow reserve are drastically reduced with aging. This loss of blood flow contributes to and exacerbates pathological processes such as angina pectoris, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery and microvascular disease. Recent Advances: Increased attention has recently been given to defining mechanisms behind aging-mediated loss of vascular function and development of therapeutic strategies to restore youthful vascular responsiveness. The ultimate goal aims at providing new avenues for symptom management, reversal of tissue damage, and preventing or delaying of aging-induced vascular damage and dysfunction in the first place. Critical Issues: Our major objective is to describe how aging-associated mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction via dysregulated reactive oxygen species production, the clinical impact of this phenomenon, and to discuss emerging therapeutic strategies. Pathological changes in regulation of mitochondrial oxidative and nitrosative balance (Section 1) and mitochondrial dynamics of fission/fusion (Section 2) have widespread effects on the mechanisms underlying the ability of the vasculature to relax, leading to hyperconstriction with aging. We will focus on flow-mediated dilation, endothelial hyperpolarizing factors (Sections 3 and 4), and adrenergic receptors (Section 5), as outlined in Figure 1. The clinical implications of these changes on major adverse cardiac events and mortality are described (Section 6). Future Directions: We discuss antioxidative therapeutic strategies currently in development to restore mitochondrial redox homeostasis and subsequently vascular function and evaluate their potential clinical impact (Section 7). Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 974-1015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Paul Tracy
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - William Hughes
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jason E Beare
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Gabrielle Rowe
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amanda Jo LeBlanc
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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96
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Kumar S, Ashraf R, C K A. Mitochondrial dynamics regulators: implications for therapeutic intervention in cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:377-406. [PMID: 34661828 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the recent advances in therapeutic developments, cancer is still among the primary causes of death globally, indicating the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Mitochondria, a dynamic organelle, continuously undergo the fusion and fission processes to meet cell requirements. The balanced fission and fusion processes, referred to as mitochondrial dynamics, coordinate mitochondrial shape, size, number, energy metabolism, cell cycle, mitophagy, and apoptosis. An imbalance between these opposing events alters mitochondWangrial dynamics, affects the overall mitochondrial shape, and deregulates mitochondrial function. Emerging evidence indicates that alteration of mitochondrial dynamics contributes to various aspects of tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Therefore, targeting the mitochondrial dynamics regulator could be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. This review will address the role of imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics in mitochondrial dysfunction during cancer progression. We will outline the clinical significance of mitochondrial dynamics regulators in various cancer types with recent updates in cancer stemness and chemoresistance and its therapeutic potential and clinical utility as a predictive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Karkambadi Road, Rami Reddy Nagar, Mangalam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India.
| | - Rahail Ashraf
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Karkambadi Road, Rami Reddy Nagar, Mangalam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India
| | - Aparna C K
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Karkambadi Road, Rami Reddy Nagar, Mangalam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India
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97
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Dong T, Zhang X, Liu Y, Xu S, Chang H, Chen F, Pan L, Hu S, Wang M, Lu M. Opa1 Prevents Apoptosis and Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Murine Cochleae. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:744838. [PMID: 34621753 PMCID: PMC8490775 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.744838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Optic atrophy1 (OPA1) is crucial for inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) fusion and essential for maintaining crista structure and mitochondrial morphology. Optic atrophy and hearing impairment are the most prevalent clinical features associated with mutations in the OPA1 gene, but the function of OPA1 in hearing is still unknown. In this study, we examined the ability of Opa1 to protect against cisplatin-induced cochlear cell death in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that knockdown of Opa1 affects mitochondrial function in HEI-OC1 and Neuro 2a cells, as evidenced by an elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. The dysfunctional mitochondria release cytochrome c, which triggers apoptosis. Opa1 expression was found to be significantly reduced after cell exposed to cisplatin in HEI-OC1 and Neuro 2a cells. Loss of Opa1 aggravated the apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by cisplatin treatment, whereas overexpression of Opa1 alleviated cisplatin-induced cochlear cell death in vitro and in explant. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of Opa1 prevented cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, suggesting that Opa1 may play a vital role in ototoxicity and/or mitochondria-associated cochlear damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Dong
- Biobank of Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejie Zhang
- Biobank of Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haishuang Chang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengqiu Chen
- Biobank of Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Pan
- Biobank of Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoru Hu
- Biobank of Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Biobank of Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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98
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Federico M, Zavala M, Vico T, López S, Portiansky E, Alvarez S, Abrille MCV, Palomeque J. CaMKII activation in early diabetic hearts induces altered sarcoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria signaling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20025. [PMID: 34625584 PMCID: PMC8501049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediabetic myocardium, induced by fructose-rich diet (FRD), is prone to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-Ca2+ leak and arrhythmias due to increased activity of the Ca2+/calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII). However, little is known about the role of SR-mitochondria microdomains, mitochondrial structure, and mitochondrial metabolisms. To address this knowledge gap we measured SR-mitochondrial proximity, intracellular Ca2+, and mitochondrial metabolism in wild type (WT) and AC3-I transgenic mice, with myocardial-targeted CaMKII inhibition, fed with control diet (CD) or with FRD. Confocal images showed significantly increased spontaneous Ca2+ release events in FRD vs. CD WT cardiomyocytes. [3H]-Ryanodine binding assay revealed higher [3H]Ry binding in FRD than CD WT hearts. O2 consumption at State 4 and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production rate were increased, while respiratory control rate (RCR) and Ca2+ retention capacity (CRC) were decreased in FRD vs. CD WT isolated mitochondria. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images showed increased proximity at the SR-mitochondria microdomains, associated with increased tethering proteins, Mfn2, Grp75, and VDAC in FRD vs. CD WT. Mitochondria diameter was decrease and roundness and density were increased in FRD vs. CD WT specimens. The fission protein, Drp1 was significantly increased while the fusion protein, Opa1 was unchanged in FRD vs. CD WT hearts. These differences were prevented in AC3-I mice. We conclude that SR-mitochondria microdomains are subject to CaMKII-dependent remodeling, involving SR-Ca2+ leak and mitochondria fission, in prediabetic mice induced by FRD. We speculate that CaMKII hyperactivity induces SR-Ca2+ leak by RyR2 activation which in turn increases mitochondria Ca2+ content due to the enhanced SR-mitochondria tethering, decreasing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilen Federico
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, UNLP-CONICET-CCT La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, 60 y 120 s/n, La Plata, CP 1900, Argentina
| | - Maite Zavala
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, UNLP-CONICET-CCT La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, 60 y 120 s/n, La Plata, CP 1900, Argentina
| | - Tamara Vico
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía López
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, UNLP-CONICET-CCT La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, 60 y 120 s/n, La Plata, CP 1900, Argentina
| | - Enrique Portiansky
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Imágenes, UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Silvia Alvarez
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Celeste Villa Abrille
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, UNLP-CONICET-CCT La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, 60 y 120 s/n, La Plata, CP 1900, Argentina
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, UNLP-CONICET-CCT La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, 60 y 120 s/n, La Plata, CP 1900, Argentina.
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Brunetti D, Dykstra W, Le S, Zink A, Prigione A. Mitochondria in neurogenesis: Implications for mitochondrial diseases. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1289-1297. [PMID: 34089537 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles with recognized key roles in cellular homeostasis, including bioenergetics, redox, calcium signaling, and cell death. Mitochondria are essential for neuronal function, given the high energy demands of the human brain. Consequently, mitochondrial diseases affecting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) commonly exhibit neurological impairment. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondria are important not only for mature postmitotic neurons but also for the regulation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during the process of neurogenesis. These recent findings put mitochondria as central regulator of cell fate decisions during brain development. OXPHOS mutations may disrupt the function of NPCs and thereby impair the metabolic programming required for neural fate commitment. Promoting the mitochondrial function of NPCs could therefore represent a novel interventional approach against incurable mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Brunetti
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "C. Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Dykstra
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Le
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annika Zink
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prigione
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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100
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Almendro-Vedia V, Natale P, Valdivieso González D, Lillo MP, Aragones JL, López-Montero I. How rotating ATP synthases can modulate membrane structure. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 708:108939. [PMID: 34052190 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
F1Fo-ATP synthase (ATP synthase) is a central membrane protein that synthetizes most of the ATP in the cell through a rotational movement driven by a proton gradient across the hosting membrane. In mitochondria, ATP synthases can form dimers through specific interactions between some subunits of the protein. The dimeric form of ATP synthase provides the protein with a spontaneous curvature that sustain their arrangement at the rim of the high-curvature edges of mitochondrial membrane (cristae). Also, a direct interaction with cardiolipin, a lipid present in the inner mitochondrial membrane, induces the dimerization of ATP synthase molecules along cristae. The deletion of those biochemical interactions abolishes the protein dimerization producing an altered mitochondrial function and morphology. Mechanically, membrane bending is one of the key deformation modes by which mitochondrial membranes can be shaped. In particular, bending rigidity and spontaneous curvature are important physical factors for membrane remodelling. Here, we discuss a complementary mechanism whereby the rotatory movement of the ATP synthase might modify the mechanical properties of lipid bilayers and contribute to the formation and regulation of the membrane invaginations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Almendro-Vedia
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Natale
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Valdivieso González
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Lillo
- Departamento Química Física Biológica, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano" (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan L Aragones
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Centre (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván López-Montero
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
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