51
|
Xu H, Lin A, Shao X, Shi W, Zhang Y, Yan W. Diagnostic accuracy of high-risk HPV genotyping in women with high-grade cervical lesions: evidence for improving the cervical cancer screening strategy in China. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83775-83783. [PMID: 27626178 PMCID: PMC5347804 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, clinical data for primary HPV screening alone are lacking in China. Here, we evaluate cervical cancer screening with primary HPV genotyping, as well as possible future screening strategy. Overall, high-risk HPV (hrHPV) prevalence was 18.2% among hospital-based population in Taizhou area. For cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or worse (CIN2+), the sensitivity of primary hrHPV genotyping strategy and current cervical cancer screening strategy were 93.5%, and 71.1%, respectively; whereas the specificity was 17.5%, and 62.4%, respectively. Current cervical screening strategy had slightly higher positive predictive values (28.4%) for CIN2+ than hrHPV genotyping strategy (21.9%), whereas primary hrHPV genotyping strategy demonstrated higher negative predictive values (94.7%) than current cervical screening strategy (91.1%). Compared to HPV35/39/45/51/56/59/66/68 genotypes, the odds ratios (OR) for CIN2+ in HPV16/18/31/33/52/58 infection women were 3.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.3-4.1). Primary hrHPV genotyping strategy provides a better predictive value than HPV16/18 genotyping alone in guiding the clinical management of the current cervical cancer screening. HPV testing without adjunctive cytology may be sufficiently sensitive for primary cervical cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Xu
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aifen Lin
- Human Tissue Bank, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujuan Shao
- Department of Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwu Shi
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihua Yan
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Choi JI. Medically inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer: best practices and long-term outcomes. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018; 8:32-47. [PMID: 30788233 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC) currently represents a minority of all NSCLC diagnoses but, with ongoing refinement and improvement of treatment approaches, is a group with increasing likelihood of long-term disease control and survival. A significant proportion of this population will not be optimal candidates for definitive surgical resection due to tumor characteristics, patient frailty, or comorbid status. The clinical evidence to support the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with medically inoperable stage I NSCLC is growing as long-term data are obtained. In this review, initial workup, SBRT delivery considerations, recent trial data, and post-treatment surveillance of this population are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Isabelle Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Lv L, Wang X. MicroRNA-296 Targets Specificity Protein 1 to Suppress Cell Proliferation and Invasion in Cervical Cancer. Oncol Res 2017; 26:775-783. [PMID: 29241478 PMCID: PMC7844729 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15132494420120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. MicroRNA-296 (miR-296) is aberrantly expressed in a variety of human cancer types. However, the expression levels, biological roles, and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-296 in cervical cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to detect miR-296 expression in cervical cancer and evaluate its roles and underlying mechanisms in cervical cancer. This study demonstrated that miR-296 was significantly downregulated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Restoring the expression of miR-296 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Moreover, miR-296 directly targeted the 3'-untranslated regions of specificity protein 1 (SP1) and decreased its endogenous expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Similar to induced miR-296 expression, SP1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Besides, resumption expression of SP1 rescued the tumor-suppressing roles of miR-296 in cervical cancer. These results indicated that miR-296 may act as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer by directly targeting SP1. Therefore, SP1 may be developed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lv
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Feasibility and Efficacy of Presurgical Exercise in Survivors of Rectal Cancer Scheduled to Receive Curative Resection. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2017; 16:358-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
55
|
The absolute volume of PET-defined, active bone marrow spared predicts for high grade hematologic toxicity in cervical cancer patients undergoing chemoradiation. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:713-718. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1771-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
56
|
Gomes MS, Bonan PRF, Ferreira VYN, de Lucena Pereira L, Correia RJC, da Silva Teixeira HB, Pereira DC, Bonan P. Development of a mobile application for oral cancer screening. Technol Health Care 2017; 25:187-195. [PMID: 27689559 DOI: 10.3233/thc-161259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a mobile application (app) for oral cancer screening. METHODS The app was developed using Android system version 4.4.2, with JAVA language. Information concerning sociodemographic data and risk factors for oral cancer development, e.g., tobacco and alcohol use, sun exposure and other contributing factors, such as unprotected oral sex, oral pain and denture use, were included. We surveyed a population at high risk for oral cancer development and then evaluated the sensitivity/specificity/accuracy and predictive values of clinical oral diagnosis between two blinded trained examiners, who used movies and data from the app, and in loco oral examination as gold-standard. RESULTS A total of 55 individuals at high risk for oral cancer development were surveyed. Of these, 31% presented homogeneous/heterogeneous white lesions with potential of malignancy. The clinical diagnoses performed by the two examiners using videos were found to have sensitivity of 82%-100% (average 91%), specificity of 81%-100% (average 90.5%), and accuracy of 87.27%-95.54% (average 90.90%), as compared with the gold-standard. The Kappa agreement value between the gold-standard and the examiner with the best agreement was 0.597. CONCLUSION Mobile apps including videos and data collection interfaces could be an interesting alternative in oral cancer research development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Sousa Gomes
- Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo João Cruz Correia
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Bruno da Silva Teixeira
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Cláudio Pereira
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Bonan
- Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Gyedu A, Gaskill CE, Boakye G, Abdulai AR, Anderson BO, Stewart B. Differences in Perception of Breast Cancer Among Muslim and Christian Women in Ghana. J Glob Oncol 2017; 4:1-9. [PMID: 30241158 PMCID: PMC6180842 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2017.009910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The burden of breast cancer continues to increase in low- and middle-income
countries (LMICs), where women present with more advanced disease and have
worse outcomes compared with women from high-income countries. In the
absence of breast cancer screening in LMICs, patients must rely on
self-detection for early breast cancer detection, followed by a prompt
clinical diagnostic work-up. Little is known about the influence of
religious beliefs on women’s perceptions and practices of breast
health. Methods A cross-sectional survey was administered to female members of Islamic and
Christian organizations in Ghana. Participants were asked about their
personal experience with breast concerns, knowledge of breast cancer,
performance of breast self-examination, and experience with clinical breast
exam. Results The survey was administered to 432 Muslim and 339 Christian women. Fewer
Muslim women knew someone with breast cancer (31% v 66%;
P < .001) or had previously identified a
concerning mass in their breast (16% v 65%;
P < .001). Both groups believed that new breast
masses should be evaluated at clinic (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.08; 95%
CI, 0.58 to 2.01), but Muslim women were less likely to know that breast
cancer can be effectively treated (AOR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.50). Muslim
women were less likely to have performed breast self-examination (AOR, 0.51;
95% CI, 0.29 to 0.88) or to have undergone clinical breast exam (AOR, 0.48;
95% CI, 0.27 to 0.84). Conclusion Muslim women were found to be less likely to participate in breast health
activities compared with Christian women, which highlights the need to
consider how religious customs within subpopulations might impact a
woman’s engagement in breast health activities. As breast awareness
initiatives are scaled up in Ghana and other LMICs, it is essential to
consider the unique perception and participation deficits of specific
groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gyedu
- Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Abdul Rashid Abdulai, and Barclay Stewart, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; and Cameron E. Gaskill, Benjamin O. Anderson, and Barclay Stewart, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Cameron E Gaskill
- Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Abdul Rashid Abdulai, and Barclay Stewart, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; and Cameron E. Gaskill, Benjamin O. Anderson, and Barclay Stewart, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Godfred Boakye
- Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Abdul Rashid Abdulai, and Barclay Stewart, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; and Cameron E. Gaskill, Benjamin O. Anderson, and Barclay Stewart, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Abdul Rashid Abdulai
- Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Abdul Rashid Abdulai, and Barclay Stewart, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; and Cameron E. Gaskill, Benjamin O. Anderson, and Barclay Stewart, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Benjamin O Anderson
- Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Abdul Rashid Abdulai, and Barclay Stewart, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; and Cameron E. Gaskill, Benjamin O. Anderson, and Barclay Stewart, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Barclay Stewart
- Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Abdul Rashid Abdulai, and Barclay Stewart, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; and Cameron E. Gaskill, Benjamin O. Anderson, and Barclay Stewart, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Twenty-first century cancer patterns in small island nations: Grenada and the English-speaking Caribbean. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:1241-1249. [PMID: 28932949 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Grenada is a small island nation of 105,000 in the Caribbean with one single general hospital and pathology laboratory. This study assesses cancer incidence on the island based on existing pathology reports, and compares the cancer mortality burden between Grenada and other Caribbean nations. METHODS Age-adjusted overall and site-specific cancer "incidence" rates (based on pathology reports) and mortality rates were calculated and compared for 2000-2009. Next, mortality rates for a more recent period, 2007-2013, were calculated for Grenada and a pool of English-speaking, majority African-ancestry Caribbean island nations. Lastly, for direct mortality comparisons by cancer site, mortality rate ratios were computed using negative binomial regression modeling. RESULTS The pathology reports alone do not suffice to calculate national incidence rates but cancer mortality rates are rapidly increasing in Grenada. The leading causes of cancer mortality were prostate and lung cancers among men, and breast and cervical cancers among women. Overall cancer mortality is significantly higher for both male and female Grenadians than their Caribbean counterparts: RR 1.43 (95% CI 1.32-1.55) and RR 1.26 (95% CI 1.15-1.38), respectively. High prostate and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma rates are concerning. CONCLUSIONS Given the small existing cancer infrastructure, excessive mortality in Grenada compared to its neighbors may be disproportionately more attributable to low survival than a high cancer risk. Global solutions will be required to meet the cancer control needs of geographically isolated small nations such as Grenada.
Collapse
|
59
|
Ambe PC, Jansen S, Zirngibl H. New trend in colorectal cancer in Germany: are young patients at increased risk for advanced colorectal cancer? World J Surg Oncol 2017; 15:159. [PMID: 28835275 PMCID: PMC5569514 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of colonoscopy in the screening of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been unequivocally established. In Germany, screening colonoscopy with full insurance reimbursement is available for individuals aged 55 and above, and/or for persons with well-known risk factors for CRC. However, advanced CRC is not uncommon in individuals below 55 years. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of advanced CRC in patients < 55 years. Methods A retrospective analysis of data from a prospectively maintained CRC database of a university hospital in Germany was performed. Using the recommended age for screening colonoscopy as cutoff, the study population was divided into two groups: < 55 years (study group) and ≥ 55 years (control group). Both groups were compared with regard to the extent of CRC using the UICC stages. Only surgically managed patients were included for analysis. Advanced CRC was defined as UICC stage III or IV. Results Complete follow-up data was available for 609 patients treated between 2009 and 2013. The study group included 83 patients, 42 females and 41 males with a median age of 48.0 ± 10 years, while the control group was made up of 526 patients, 230 females and 296 males with a median age of 75.5 ± 8.3 years. Both groups were comparable with regard to gender distribution, p = 0.24. Significantly more patients from the study group were diagnosed with advanced CRC in comparison to the control group, 56.6 vs. 43.9%, p = 0.03. There was no statistically significant difference amongst both groups with respect to cancer-related mortality, 10.8 vs. 12.5%, p = 0.66. Conclusion Patients below the recommended age for screening colonoscopy might be at increased risk for advanced CRC. There is need to decrease the recommended age for screening colonoscopy to prevent CRC or enable an early diagnosis in patients below 55 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Ambe
- Department of Surgery, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten-Herdecke University, Heusnerstr. 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Stefan Jansen
- Department of Surgery, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten-Herdecke University, Heusnerstr. 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hubert Zirngibl
- Department of Surgery, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten-Herdecke University, Heusnerstr. 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Duan S, Wu A, Chen Z, Yang Y, Liu L, Shu Q. miR-204 Regulates Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting EphB2 in Human Cervical Cancer. Oncol Res 2017; 26:713-723. [PMID: 28800788 PMCID: PMC7844721 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15016337254641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are involved in human carcinogenesis and progression. miR-204 has been reported to be a tumor suppressor in several cancer types. However, the function and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-204 in cervical cancer (CC) are still unclear. In the present study, the expression level of miR-204 was measured using the qRT-PCR method in 30 paired CC clinical samples and in 6 CC cell lines. We found that the expression of miR-204 was significantly downregulated in CC tissues and cell lines compared to normal cervical tissues and cell line. miR-204 was overexpressed by transfection with the miR-204 mimic in HeLa and C33A cell lines in the following experiments. The results showed that overexpression of miR-204 dramatically suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Western blot results indicated that overexpressing miR-204 decreased the expressions of CDK2, cyclin E, MMP2, MMP9, Bcl2, whereas it enhanced Bax expression and suppressed the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in CC cells. Ephrin type B receptor 2 (EphB2) was identified as a direct target of miR-204 in CC cells according to bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, knockdown of EphB2 mimicked the inhibitory effect of miR-204 on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CC cells. These findings suggested that miR-204 might serve as a tumor suppressor in the development of CC by directly targeting EphB2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanhong Duan
- Department of Gynecology, Shaanxi Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ali Wu
- Department of Endoscopy, Shaanxi Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyu Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang City, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yarong Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaanxi Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Liying Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shaanxi Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Qi Shu
- Department of Gynecology, Shaanxi Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
An Out-of-Pocket Cost Removal Intervention on Fecal Occult Blood Test Attendance. Am J Prev Med 2017; 53:e51-e62. [PMID: 28236518 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, no comparative study has assessed the impact of a cost-removal intervention on fecal occult blood testing (FOBT). In 2012, the Japanese government introduced a nationwide project to remove out-of-pocket costs for FOBT. The study objective was to evaluate the differential impact of the intervention on FOBT attendance in the total population and various subgroups. METHODS This study analyzed 309,103 people in national, repeated cross-sectional studies, observed pre- and post-intervention (2010 and 2013), using covariate-adjusted difference-in-differences estimates to compare intervention and no-intervention groups. The outcome measure was uptake of FOBT attendance resulting from the intervention. Stratified analyses were conducted according to sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. RESULTS The intervention was associated with significantly positive uptake of FOBT in both genders, but the impact was greater in women than men: 6.7% (95% CI=5.2, 8.1) for women and 2.7% (95% CI=1.1, 4.3) for men in the covariate-adjusted models. Post-intervention, attendance increased in almost all subgroups in women. However, among men, some socially advantaged subgroups, such as high expenditure, high education, and public officers, showed no effect. Some subgroups such as current smokers and less than high school education were identified as hard-to-reach populations that may be less sensitive to the intervention, irrespective of gender. CONCLUSIONS This is the first comparative study of cost-removal intervention for uptake of FOBT. The intervention may increase FOBT attendance. However, the size of the effect is not great, especially in men, and differential effects occurred across subgroups including gender and socioeconomic differences.
Collapse
|
62
|
Liu C, Cui Y. [Lung Nodules Assessment--Analysis of Four Guidelines]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 20:490-498. [PMID: 28738966 PMCID: PMC5972948 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.07.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
近20年来,随着计算机断层扫描(computed tomography, CT)技术的提高和肺癌高危人群筛查的普及,越来越多的肺部小结节被发现,然而肺结节的定性诊断仍有很多困难。肺结节是临床上一种常见的现象,恶性结节早期发病比较隐匿,如果不进行早期干预,其病程迅速、恶性程度强、预后差。如果能在早期阶段对病灶进行手术切除,将会明显改善肺癌患者的预后。目前针对肺结节的处理指南层出不穷,但各大指南均未达成统一的共识。本文拟对在国内影响最大的四个指南:美国国家综合癌症网络非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)临床实践指南、美国胸科医师协会肺癌诊疗指南、Fleischner-Society肺结节处理策略指南、肺结节的评估亚洲共识指南所推荐的肺结节诊断和处理策略进行介绍和分析。
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunquan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
The Participation Rate and Contributing Factors of Screening Mammography Among (capitalize) Female Faculty Physicians in Tehran, Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.8016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
64
|
Hofmann B. Ethical issues with colorectal cancer screening-a systematic review. J Eval Clin Pract 2017; 23:631-641. [PMID: 28026076 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is widely recommended and implemented. However, sometimes CRC screening is not implemented despite good evidence, and some types of CRC screening are implemented despite lack of evidence. The objective of this article is to expose and elucidate relevant ethical issues in the literature on CRC screening that are important for open and transparent deliberation on CRC screening. METHODS An axiological question-based method is used for exposing and elucidating ethical issues relevant in HTA. A literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed Bioethics subset, ISI Web of Knowledge, Bioethics Literature Database (BELIT), Ethics in Medicine (ETHMED), SIBIL Base dati di bioetica, LEWI Bibliographic Database on Ethics in the Sciences and Humanities, and EUROETHICS identified 870 references of which 114 were found relevant according to title and abstract. The content of the included papers were subject to ethical analysis to highlight the ethical issues, concerns, and arguments. RESULTS A wide range of important ethical issues were identified. The main benefits are reduced relative CRC mortality rate, and potentially incidence rate, but there is no evidence of reduced absolute mortality rate. Potential harms are bleeding, perforation, false test results, overdetection, overdiagnosis, overtreatment (including unnecessary removal of polyps), and (rarely) death. Other important issues are related to autonomy and informed choice equity, justice, medicalization, and expanding disease. CONCLUSION A series of important ethical issues have been identified and need to be addressed in open and transparent deliberation on CRC screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn Hofmann
- Department of Health Science, the Norwegian University for Science and Technology, Gjøvik, Norway.,The Centre of Medical Ethics at the University of Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review current evidence about cancer screening challenges that lead to cancer health disparities in minority populations. DATA SOURCES Research reports, published journal articles, web sites, and clinical practice observations. CONCLUSION There are significant disparities that exist in cancer screening practices among racial and ethnic minority and underrepresented populations, resulting in disproportionately higher cancer mortality rates in these populations. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Nurses are positioned to lead in educating, promoting, and bringing awareness to cancer screening recommendationsand current cancer prevention guidelines for at-risk individuals, and help them to implement these guidelines to reduce incidence and mortality.
Collapse
|
66
|
Stevenson ML, Glazer AM, Cohen DE, Rigel DS, Rieder EA. Frequency of total body skin examinations among US dermatologists. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76:343-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
67
|
Akushevich I, Yashkin AP, Kravchenko J, Fang F, Arbeev K, Sloan F, Yashin AI. Theory of partitioning of disease prevalence and mortality in observational data. Theor Popul Biol 2017; 114:117-127. [PMID: 28130147 DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a new theory of partitioning of disease prevalence and incidence-based mortality and demonstrate how this theory practically works for analyses of Medicare data. In the theory, the prevalence of a disease and incidence-based mortality are modeled in terms of disease incidence and survival after diagnosis supplemented by information on disease prevalence at the initial age and year available in a dataset. Partitioning of the trends of prevalence and mortality is calculated with minimal assumptions. The resulting expressions for the components of the trends are given by continuous functions of data. The estimator is consistent and stable. The developed methodology is applied for data on type 2 diabetes using individual records from a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65+. Numerical estimates show excellent concordance between empirical estimates and theoretical predictions. Evaluated partitioning model showed that both prevalence and mortality increase with time. The primary driving factors of the observed prevalence increase are improved survival and increased prevalence at age 65. The increase in diabetes-related mortality is driven by increased prevalence and unobserved trends in time-periods and age-groups outside of the range of the data used in the study. Finally, the properties of the new estimator, possible statistical and systematical uncertainties, and future practical applications of this methodology in epidemiology, demography, public health and health forecasting are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Akushevich
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.
| | - A P Yashkin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - J Kravchenko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - F Fang
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - K Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - F Sloan
- Department of Economics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - A I Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Sayed S, Ngugi A, Ochieng P, Mwenda AS, Salam RA. Training health workers in clinical breast examination for early detection of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Sayed
- Aga Khan University Hospital; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; 3rd Parklands Avenue P.O. Box 30270 Nairobi Kenya 00100
| | - Anthony Ngugi
- Aga Khan University (East Africa); Centre for Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences; P O Box 30270 Nairobi Kenya 00100
| | - Powell Ochieng
- Aga Khan University; Department of Post Graduate Medical Education; 3rd Parklands Avenue Nairobi Kenya
| | - Aruyaru S Mwenda
- Aga Khan University Hospital; Department of Surgery; 3rd Parklands Avenue Nairobi Kenya 00100
| | - Rehana A Salam
- Aga Khan University Hospital; Division of Women and Child Health; Stadium Road PO Box 3500 Karachi Sind Pakistan 74800
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Moumtzoglou A, Pouliakis A. Mapping Population Health Management Roadmap into Cervical Cancer Screening Programs. Oncology 2017. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0549-5.ch038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Population Health Management (PHM) aims to provide better health outcomes for preventing diseases, closing care gaps and providing more personalized care. Since the inception of the Pap test, cervical cancer (CxCa) decreased in countries applying cervical cancer programs, involving both prevention and treatment. In this article, the authors map the PHM roadmap to the design of cervical cancer screening programs and examine the effect on the supporting information technology systems. Notwithstanding screening programs have a tight relation to PHM; the mapping reveals numerous interventions involving additional data sources, and timeless reconfiguration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasius Moumtzoglou
- Hellenic Society for Quality & Safety in Healthcare, Greece & P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
70
|
Howell LA, Brockman TA, Sinicrope PS, Patten CA, Decker PA, Busta A, Stoddard S, McNallan SR, Yang P. Receptivity and Preferences for Lifestyle Programs to Reduce Cancer Risk among Lung Cancer Family Members. ADVANCES IN CANCER PREVENTION 2016; 1. [PMID: 27917414 PMCID: PMC5132181 DOI: 10.4172/2472-0429.1000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Lifestyle factors and genetic information has been found to contribute to the occurrence of lung cancer. This study assessed receptivity to participating in lifestyle programs to reduce cancer risk among unaffected lung cancer family members. We also explored demographic, medical, and psychosocial correlates of willingness to participate in lifestyle programs. Methods Family members who are part of a lung Cancer Family Registry were asked to fill out a survey assessing their receptivity to cancer risk reduction programs including preferences for an individual or family-based program. Results Of the 583 respondents, 85% were “Somewhat” or “Definitely” willing to participate in a lifestyle program. Among those receptive, about half (56%) preferred a family-based approach. Preferred programs included weight management (36%) and nutritional information (30%). Preferred delivery channels were Internet (45%) and mail-based (29%) programs. On multivariate analysis, those definitely/somewhat receptive reported greater exercise self-efficacy scores (p=0.025). Conclusion The majority of the sample was receptive to lifestyle programs that might decrease cancer risk. There was a large preference for family-based weight management and nutritional programs. Further research is indicated to determine how to best incorporate a family-based approach to lifestyle programs for cancer family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Howell
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tabetha A Brockman
- Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Pamela S Sinicrope
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christi A Patten
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Allan Busta
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shawn Stoddard
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sheila R McNallan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Beyer KMM, Malecki KM, Hoormann KA, Szabo A, Nattinger AB. Perceived Neighborhood Quality and Cancer Screening Behavior: Evidence from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin. J Community Health 2016; 41:134-7. [PMID: 26275881 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-015-0078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomic disparities in colorectal and breast cancer screening persist, partially accounting for disparities in cancer outcomes. Some neighborhood characteristics--particularly area level socioeconomic factors--have been linked to cancer screening behavior, but few studies have examined the relationship between perceived neighborhood quality and screening behavior, which may provide more insight into the ways in which neighborhood environments shape cancer related behaviors. This study examines the relationship between several aspects of the perceived neighborhood environment and breast and colorectal cancer screening behavior among a population-based sample of Wisconsin residents. A sub-goal was to compare the relevance of different perceived neighborhood factors for different screening tests. This is a cross-sectional study of 2008-2012 data from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin, a population-based annual survey of Wisconsin residents. An average risk sample of Black, Hispanic and White women age 50 and older (n = 1265) were selected. Survey regression analyses examined predictors of screening, as well as adherence to screening guidelines. Models controlled for individual socio-demographic information and insurance status. Perceptions of social and physical disorder, including fear of crime and visible garbage, were associated with screening rates. Findings emphasize the particular importance of these factors for colorectal cancer screening, indicating the necessity of improving screening rates in areas characterized by social disorganization, crime, and physical disorder. Additional work should be done to further investigate the pathways that explain the linkage between neighborhood conditions, perceived neighborhood risks and cancer screening behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M M Beyer
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Kristen M Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, 53726, WI, USA
| | - Kelly A Hoormann
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Aniko Szabo
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ann B Nattinger
- Center for Patient Care and Outcomes Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Kish JK, Rolin AI, Zou Z, Cucinelli JE, Tatalovich Z, Saraiya M, Altekruse SF. Prioritizing US Cervical Cancer Prevention With Results From a Geospatial Model. J Glob Oncol 2016; 2:275-283. [PMID: 28413829 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2015.001677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if differences in screening and vaccination patterns across the population may accentuate ethnic and geographic variation in future burden of disease. METHODS Using Cancer in North America data provided by the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, county cervical cancer incidence trends from 1995 to 2009 were modeled for the entire United States using ecologic covariates. Rates for health service areas were also modeled by ethnicity. State-level incidence was mapped together with Papanicolaou (Pap) screening, past 3 years (women ≥ 18 years old), and three-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage (girls 13 to 17 years old) to identify potential priority areas for preventive services. RESULTS US cervical cancer incidence decreased more during the periods 1995 to 1999 and 2000 to 2004 than during the period 2005 to 2009. During these 15 years, the most affected areas became increasingly confined to Appalachia, the lower Mississippi Valley, the Deep South, Texas, and Florida. Hispanic and black women experienced a higher incidence of cervical cancer than both white and Asian and Pacific Islander women during each period. Women in 10 of 17 states/districts with a high incidence (≥ 8.14/100,000) reported low Pap testing (< 78.5%), HPV vaccine coverage (< 33.9%), or both prevention technologies. CONCLUSION The decline in cervical cancer incidence has slowed in recent years. Access to HPV vaccination, targeted screening, and treatment in affected populations is needed to reduce cervical cancer disparities in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhaohui Zou
- Information Management Services, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | | | - Mona Saraiya
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
The Effect of Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectations Training on the Enhancement of Physical Activities Among Women Suffering From Breast Cancer: An Evidence-Based Intervention. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.28081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
74
|
Zhou N, Fei D, Zong S, Zhang M, Yue Y. MicroRNA-138 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion through targeting hTERT in cervical cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3633-3639. [PMID: 27900047 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that microRNA-138 (miR-138) functions as a tumor suppressor, and is involved in tumor initiation, development and metastasis in certain types of human cancers. However, the function and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-138 in cervical cancer remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR-138 expression in cervical cancer, and to evaluate its role and underlying mechanisms in cervical cancer. The present study indicated that miR-138 expression was significantly downregulated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines, and that the low miR-138 expression was negatively associated with advanced FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). Functional analyses indicated that the overexpression of miR-138 in cervical cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, induced cell apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth in a nude mice model. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that human telomerase reverse transcriptase was a novel target gene of miR-138. The findings of the present study suggested that miR-138 could be a potential candidate for cervical cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dan Fei
- Department of Ultrasonography, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Hassanipour-Azgomi S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Ghoncheh M, Towhidi F, Jamehshorani S, Salehiniya H. Incidence and mortality of prostate cancer and their relationship with the Human Development Index worldwide. Prostate Int 2016; 4:118-24. [PMID: 27689070 PMCID: PMC5031898 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer and their relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) and its components in Asia in 2012. Methods This study was an ecological study conducted based on the GLOBOCAN project of the World Health Organization. The correlation between standardized incidence rate (SIR) and standardized mortality rate (SMR) of prostate cancer with HDI and its components was assessed using SPSS Inc Version 18.0 (Chicago). Results There were 1,094,916 incident cases of prostate cancer and 307,481 deaths recorded in 2012 worldwide. SIR and SMR due to HDI were 72 and 9.7 in very high human development regions, 37.5 and 12.9 in high human development regions, 7 and 3.7 in medium human development regions, and 14.9 and 12.1 in low human development regions per 100,000 people, respectively. A positive correlation of 0.475 was seen between SIR of prostate cancer and HDI (P ≤ 0.001). Also, a negative correlation of 0.160 was seen between SMR of prostate cancer and HDI (P = 0.032). Conclusion The incidence of prostate cancer is high in countries with higher development. A positive correlation was observed between the SIR of prostate cancer and the HDI and its components, such as life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, and the gross national income per capita. In addition, there was a negative correlation between SMR and HDI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hassanipour-Azgomi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mahshid Ghoncheh
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farhad Towhidi
- Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeid Jamehshorani
- Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, IranDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Sen CKN, Kumkale GT. Who does not get screened? A simple model of the complex relationships in mammogram non-attendance. J Health Psychol 2016; 21:2838-2850. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105315587138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing mammogram rates, identifying attributes of non-attending women entails going beyond differences in demographic groups to reveal complex interactions among personality attributes. In this study, we analyzed survey data from 474 women aged 41 years and older using decision trees. By incorporating personality, religiousness, and age, we were able to correctly classify 42.9 percent of non-attenders compared to 4.4 percent with logistic regression analysis. Our findings suggest that incorporating personality and religiousness attributes may increase non-attender identification. Furthermore, the simple profile generated by decision trees provides a clear map useful for intervention planning.
Collapse
|
77
|
Ogunsanya ME, Brown CM, Odedina FT, Barner JC, Corbell B, Adedipe TB. Beliefs Regarding Prostate Cancer Screening Among Black Males Aged 18 to 40 Years. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:41-53. [PMID: 26993999 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316637879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the salient behavioral beliefs of young Black men toward prostate cancer screening, and to identify the issues surrounding their comfortability with prostate examinations. A total of 20 Black men, aged between 18 and 40 years, participated in three focus group sessions between June 2013 and July 2013 in Austin, Texas. Participants were asked open-ended questions about: (a) the advantages and disadvantages of screening to identify salient behavioral beliefs about screening and (b) issues that would make prostate examinations comfortable or uncomfortable to identify comfortability factors. Focus group discussions were tape-recorded, transcribed, and content analyzed to identify emerging themes of salient beliefs and comfortability. Also, nine salient behavioral beliefs toward prostate cancer screening were identified, and eight factors were linked to comfortability with prostate examinations. Given the increase of prostate cancer disparity as a public health issue, understanding the beliefs of Black men of prescreening age (18-40 years) may be crucial to the effectiveness of future interventions to improve screening when recommended at later ages.
Collapse
|
78
|
Palisoul M, Mutch DG. The clinical management of inoperable endometrial carcinoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:515-521. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1168699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
|
79
|
Quintero E, Carrillo M, Leoz ML, Cubiella J, Gargallo C, Lanas A, Bujanda L, Gimeno-García AZ, Hernández-Guerra M, Nicolás-Pérez D, Alonso-Abreu I, Morillas JD, Balaguer F, Muriel A. Risk of Advanced Neoplasia in First-Degree Relatives with Colorectal Cancer: A Large Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS Med 2016; 13:e1002008. [PMID: 27138769 PMCID: PMC4854417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-degree relatives (FDR) of patients with colorectal cancer have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer than the general population. For this reason, screening guidelines recommend colonoscopy every 5 or 10 y, starting at the age of 40, depending on whether colorectal cancer in the index-case is diagnosed at <60 or ≥60 y, respectively. However, studies on the risk of neoplastic lesions are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of advanced neoplasia (three or more non-advanced adenomas, advanced adenoma, or invasive cancer) in FDR of patients with colorectal cancer compared to average-risk individuals (i.e., asymptomatic adults 50 to 69 y of age with no family history of colorectal cancer). METHODS AND FINDINGS This cross-sectional analysis includes data from 8,498 individuals undergoing their first lifetime screening colonoscopy between 2006 and 2012 at six Spanish tertiary hospitals. Of these individuals, 3,015 were defined as asymptomatic FDR of patients with colorectal cancer ("familial-risk group") and 3,038 as asymptomatic with average-risk for colorectal cancer ("average-risk group"). The familial-risk group was stratified as one FDR, with one family member diagnosed with colorectal cancer at ≥60 y (n = 1,884) or at <60 y (n = 831), and as two FDR, with two family members diagnosed with colorectal cancer at any age (n = 300). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used for between-group comparisons after adjusting for potential confounders (age, gender, and center). Compared with the average-risk group, advanced neoplasia was significantly more prevalent in individuals having two FDR with colorectal cancer (odds ratio [OR] 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-2.66, p < 0.001), but not in those having one FDR with colorectal cancer diagnosed at ≥60 y (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.83-1.27, p = 0.77) and <60 y (OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.90-1.58, p = 0.20). After the age of 50 y, men developed advanced neoplasia over two times more frequently than women and advanced neoplasia appeared at least ten y earlier. Fewer colonoscopies by 2-fold were required to detect one advanced neoplasia in men than in women. Major limitations of this study were first that although average-risk individuals were consecutively included in a randomized control trial, this was not the case for all individuals in the familial-risk cohort; and second, the difference in age between the average-risk and familial-risk cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Individuals having two FDR with colorectal cancer showed an increased risk of advanced neoplasia compared to those with average-risk for colorectal cancer. Men had over 2-fold higher risk of advanced neoplasia than women, independent of family history. These data suggest that screening colonoscopy guidelines should be revised in the familial-risk population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Quintero
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
- * E-mail: (EQ); (FB)
| | - Marta Carrillo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
| | - Maria-Liz Leoz
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Cataluña, España
| | - Joaquin Cubiella
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, Galicia, España
| | - Carla Gargallo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
| | - Angel Lanas
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Donostia-Instituto Biodonostia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad del País Vasco UPV-EHU, San Sebastián, España
| | - Antonio Z. Gimeno-García
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
| | - Manuel Hernández-Guerra
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
| | - David Nicolás-Pérez
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
| | - Inmaculada Alonso-Abreu
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
| | - Juan Diego Morillas
- Departmento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, España
| | - Francesc Balaguer
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Cataluña, España
- * E-mail: (EQ); (FB)
| | - Alfonso Muriel
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Unidad de Bioestadística C, IRYCIS, Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
| | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Photovoice: a Link between Research and Practice for Prostate Cancer Advocacy in Black Communities. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2016; 4:364-375. [PMID: 27129857 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-016-0237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Persisting high rates of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in Black communities have led to the development of many community-based interventions aimed at raising knowledge levels among these communities. There is limited research examining how advocates are reaching out to communities, or how advocates see their work impacting the communities. Using photovoice methods, four self-identified Black prostate cancer advocates were invited to document their experiences through photographs about what advocacy means to them and how they advocate. Meaningful photographs were taken by advocates and accompanied by powerful narratives. The advocates focused their projects on reaching men on their level, advocacy as an active process, and providing insight into the experiences surrounding prostate cancer. These photographs also have potential to be integrated in future outreach interventions. This project promotes further understanding of how these men advocate for prostate cancer awareness within Black and underserved communities, and how the research method of photovoice can be leveraged in future outreach programs and interventions.
Collapse
|
81
|
Thompson T, Kreuter MW, Boyum S. Promoting Health by Addressing Basic Needs: Effect of Problem Resolution on Contacting Health Referrals. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2016; 43:201-7. [PMID: 26293458 PMCID: PMC5029788 DOI: 10.1177/1090198115599396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Members of vulnerable populations have heightened needs for health services. One advantage of integrating health risk assessment and referrals into social service assistance systems such as 2-1-1 is that such systems help callers resolve problems in other areas (e.g., housing). Callers to 2-1-1 in Missouri (N= 1,090) with at least one behavioral risk factor or cancer screening need were randomly assigned to one of three health referral interventions: verbal referrals only, verbal referrals + a tailored mailed reminder, or verbal referrals + telephone health navigator. After 1 month, we assessed whether the nonhealth problems that prompted the 2-1-1 call had been resolved. Logistic regression estimated effects of having the problem resolved on calling a health referral. Callers were predominantly female (85%) and had a high school education or less (61%); nearly half (47%) had incomes under $10,000. The most common service requests were for utility assistance (35%), home/family problems (23%), and rent/mortgage assistance (12%). At follow-up, 38% of callers reported that all problems prompting their 2-1-1 call had been resolved, and 24% reported calling a health referral. Resolving all problems prompting the 2-1-1 call was associated with a higher odds of contacting a health referral (odds ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [1.02, 2.05]) compared to people whose problems were not resolved. Multifaceted interventions that help meet non-health-related needs and provide support in reaching health-related goals may promote health in vulnerable populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tess Thompson
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sonia Boyum
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Miglioretti DL, Zhu W, Kerlikowske K, Sprague BL, Onega T, Buist DSM, Henderson LM, Smith RA. Breast Tumor Prognostic Characteristics and Biennial vs Annual Mammography, Age, and Menopausal Status. JAMA Oncol 2016; 1:1069-77. [PMID: 26501844 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Screening mammography intervals remain under debate in the United States. OBJECTIVE To compare the proportion of breast cancers with less vs more favorable prognostic characteristics in women screening annually vs biennially by age, menopausal status, and postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) use. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This was a study of a prospective cohort from 1996 to 2012 at Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium facilities. A total of 15,440 women ages 40 to 85 years with breast cancer diagnosed within 1 year of an annual or within 2 years of a biennial screening mammogram. EXPOSURES We updated previous analyses by using narrower intervals for defining annual (11-14 months) and biennial (23-26 months) screening. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES We defined less favorable prognostic characteristics as tumors that were stage IIB or higher, size greater than 15 mm, positive nodes, and any 1 or more of these characteristics. We used log-binomial regression to model the proportion of breast cancers with less favorable characteristics following a biennial vs annual screen by 10-year age groups and by menopausal status and current postmenopausal HT use. RESULTS Among 15,440 women with breast cancer, most were 50 years or older (13,182 [85.4%]), white (12,063 [78.1%]), and postmenopausal (9823 [63.6%]). Among 2027 premenopausal women (13.1%), biennial screeners had higher proportions of tumors that were stage IIB or higher (relative risk [RR], 1.28 [95% CI, 1.01-1.63]; P=.04), size greater than 15 mm (RR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.07-1.37]; P=.002), and with any less favorable prognostic characteristic (RR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.00-1.22]; P=.047) compared with annual screeners. Among women currently taking postmenopausal HT, biennial screeners tended to have tumors with less favorable prognostic characteristics compared with annual screeners; however, 95% CIs were wide, and differences were not statistically significant (for stage 2B+, RR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.89-1.47], P=.29; size>15 mm, RR, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.98-1.31], P=.09; node positive, RR, 1.18 [95% CI, 0.98-1.42], P=.09; any less favorable characteristic, RR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.00-1.25], P=.053). The proportions of tumors with less favorable prognostic characteristics were not significantly larger for biennial vs annual screeners among postmenopausal women not taking HT (eg, any characteristic: RR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.95-1.12]; P=.45), postmenopausal HT users after subdividing by type of hormone use (eg, any characteristic: estrogen+progestogen users, RR, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.91-1.47]; P=.22; estrogen-only users, RR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.94-1.37]; P=.18), or any 10-year age group (eg, any characteristic: ages 40-49 years, RR, .1.04 [95% CI, 0.94-1.14]; P=.48; ages 50-59 years, RR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.94-1.12]; P=.58; ages 60-69 years, RR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.97-1.19]; P=.18; ages 70-85 years, RR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.94-1.18]; P=.35). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Premenopausal women diagnosed as having breast cancer following biennial vs annual screening mammography are more likely to have tumors with less favorable prognostic characteristics. Postmenopausal women not using HT who are diagnosed as having breast cancer following a biennial or annual screen have similar proportions of tumors with less favorable prognostic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana L Miglioretti
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis2Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
| | - Karla Kerlikowske
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco,4General Internal Medicine Section, Department of Veterans Affairs, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Brian L Sprague
- Department of Surgery, Office of Health Promotion Research, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington6University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Tracy Onega
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire8Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Diana S M Buist
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Robert A Smith
- Cancer Control Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Hu DG, Mackenzie PI, McKinnon RA, Meech R. Genetic polymorphisms of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) genes and cancer risk. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 48:47-69. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1131292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
84
|
Lipscomb J, Fleming ST, Trentham-Dietz A, Kimmick G, Wu XC, Morris CR, Zhang K, Smith RA, Anderson RT, Sabatino SA. What Predicts an Advanced-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer? Sorting Out the Influence of Method of Detection, Access to Care, and Biologic Factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:613-23. [PMID: 26819266 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have yielded important findings regarding the determinants of an advanced-stage diagnosis of breast cancer. We seek to advance this line of inquiry through a broadened conceptual framework and accompanying statistical modeling strategy that recognize the dual importance of access-to-care and biologic factors on stage. METHODS The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-sponsored Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study yielded a seven-state, cancer registry-derived population-based sample of 9,142 women diagnosed with a first primary in situ or invasive breast cancer in 2004. The likelihood of advanced-stage cancer (American Joint Committee on Cancer IIIB, IIIC, or IV) was investigated through multivariable regression modeling, with base-case analyses using the method of instrumental variables (IV) to detect and correct for possible selection bias. The robustness of base-case findings was examined through extensive sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Advanced-stage disease was negatively associated with detection by mammography (P < 0.001) and with age < 50 (P < 0.001), and positively related to black race (P = 0.07), not being privately insured [Medicaid (P = 0.01), Medicare (P = 0.04), uninsured (P = 0.07)], being single (P = 0.06), body mass index > 40 (P = 0.001), a HER2 type tumor (P < 0.001), and tumor grade not well differentiated (P < 0.001). This IV model detected and adjusted for significant selection effects associated with method of detection (P = 0.02). Sensitivity analyses generally supported these base-case results. CONCLUSIONS Through our comprehensive modeling strategy and sensitivity analyses, we provide new estimates of the magnitude and robustness of the determinants of advanced-stage breast cancer. IMPACT Statistical approaches frequently used to address observational data biases in treatment-outcome studies can be applied similarly in analyses of the determinants of stage at diagnosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(4); 613-23. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Lipscomb
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Steven T Fleming
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Gretchen Kimmick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center and Multidisciplinary Breast Cancer Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Xiao-Cheng Wu
- Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Cyllene R Morris
- California Cancer Registry, Institute for Population Health Improvement, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, California
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Roger T Anderson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, and UVA Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Susan A Sabatino
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | |
Collapse
|
85
|
Plourde N, Brown HK, Vigod S, Cobigo V. Contextual factors associated with uptake of breast and cervical cancer screening: A systematic review of the literature. Women Health 2016; 56:906-25. [PMID: 26812962 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2016.1145169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Existing research on barriers to breast and cervical cancer screening uptake has focused primarily on socio-demographic characteristics of individuals. However, contextual factors, such as service organization, as well as healthcare providers' training and practices, are more feasibly altered to increase health service use. The objective of the authors in this study was to perform a critical systematic review of the literature to identify contextual factors at the provider- and system-level that were associated with breast and cervical cancer screening uptake. Studies published from 2000 to 2013 were identified through PubMed and PsycInfo. Methodologic quality was assessed, and studies were examined for themes related to provider- and system-level factors associated with screening uptake. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings revealed a positive association between patients' receipt of provider recommendation and uptake of breast and cervical cancer screening. Uptake was also higher among patients of female providers. Facilities with flexible appointment times and reminders had higher mammography and Pap test uptake. Similarly, greater organizational commitment to quality and performance had higher breast and cervical cancer screening rates. Knowledge provided in this review could be used in future research to inform the development of public health policy and clinical programs to improve screening uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Plourde
- c School of Psychology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
| | - Hilary K Brown
- a Women's College Research Institute , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Simone Vigod
- b Women's Mental Health Program , Women's College Hospital , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Virginie Cobigo
- c School of Psychology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Calo WA, Vernon SW, Lairson DR, Linder SH. Area-level Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Use of Mammography Screening: A Multilevel Analysis of the Health of Houston Survey. Womens Health Issues 2016; 26:201-7. [PMID: 26809487 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An emerging literature reports that women who reside in socioeconomically deprived communities are less likely to adhere to mammography screening. This study explored associations between area-level socioeconomic measures and mammography screening among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of women in Texas. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, multilevel study linking individual-level data from the 2010 Health of Houston Survey and contextual data from the U.S. Census. Women ages 40 to 74 years (n = 1,541) were included in the analyses. We examined tract-level poverty, unemployment, education, Hispanic and Black composition, female-headed householder families, and crowding as contextual measures. Using multilevel logistic regression modeling, we compared most disadvantaged tracts (quartiles 2-4) to the most advantaged tract (quartile 1). RESULTS Overall, 64% of the sample was adherent to mammography screening. Screening rates were lower (p < .05) among Hispanics, those foreign born, women aged 40 to 49 years, and those with low educational attainment, unemployed, and without health insurance coverage. Women living in areas with high levels of poverty (quartile 2 vs. 1: odds ratio [OR], 0.50; 95% CI, 0.30-0.85), Hispanic composition (quartile 3 vs. 1: OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32-0.90), and crowding (quartile 4 vs. 1: OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29-0.96) were less likely to have up-to-date mammography screening, net of individual-level factors. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of examining area-level socioeconomic inequalities in mammography screening. The study represents an advance on previous research because we examined multiple area measures, controlled for key individual-level covariates, used data aggregated at the tract level, and accounted for the nested structure of the data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William A Calo
- Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas.
| | - Sally W Vernon
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - David R Lairson
- Center for Health Services Research, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen H Linder
- Institute for Health Policy, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Li J, Deng H, Hu M, Fang Y, Vaughn A, Cai X, Xu L, Wan W, Li Z, Chen S, Yang X, Wu S, Xiao J. Inhibition of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth by a novel small molecular inhibitor of EGFR. Oncotarget 2016; 6:6749-61. [PMID: 25730907 PMCID: PMC4466647 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a therapeutic target (oncotarget) in NSCLC. Using in vitro EGFR kinase activity system, we identified a novel small molecule, WB-308, as an inhibitor of EGFR. WB-308 decreased NSCLC cell proliferation and colony formation, by causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, WB-308 inhibited the engraft tumor growths in two animal models in vivo (lung orthotopic transplantation model and patient-derived engraft mouse model). WB-308 impaired the phosphorylation of EGFR, AKT, and ERK1/2 protein. WB-308 was less cytotoxic than Gefitinib. Our study suggests that WB-308 is a novel EGFR-TKI and may be considered to substitute for Gefitinib in clinical therapy for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Huayun Deng
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanzhang Fang
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Amanda Vaughn
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Xiaopan Cai
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Leqin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhenxi Li
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Shijie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xinghai Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Leachman SA, Cassidy PB, Chen SC, Curiel C, Geller A, Gareau D, Pellacani G, Grichnik JM, Malvehy J, North J, Jacques SL, Petrie T, Puig S, Swetter SM, Tofte S, Weinstock MA. Methods of Melanoma Detection. Cancer Treat Res 2016; 167:51-105. [PMID: 26601859 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Detection and removal of melanoma, before it has metastasized, dramatically improves prognosis and survival. The purpose of this chapter is to (1) summarize current methods of melanoma detection and (2) review state-of-the-art detection methods and technologies that have the potential to reduce melanoma mortality. Current strategies for the detection of melanoma range from population-based educational campaigns and screening to the use of algorithm-driven imaging technologies and performance of assays that identify markers of transformation. This chapter will begin by describing state-of-the-art methods for educating and increasing awareness of at-risk individuals and for performing comprehensive screening examinations. Standard and advanced photographic methods designed to improve reliability and reproducibility of the clinical examination will also be reviewed. Devices that magnify and/or enhance malignant features of individual melanocytic lesions (and algorithms that are available to interpret the results obtained from these devices) will be compared and contrasted. In vivo confocal microscopy and other cellular-level in vivo technologies will be compared to traditional tissue biopsy, and the role of a noninvasive "optical biopsy" in the clinical setting will be discussed. Finally, cellular and molecular methods that have been applied to the diagnosis of melanoma, such as comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sancy A Leachman
- Department of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH16D, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Pamela B Cassidy
- Department of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3125 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L468R, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Suephy C Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1525 Clifton Road NE, 1st Floor, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Clara Curiel
- Department of Dermatology and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Alan Geller
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard School of Public Health and Massachusetts General Hospital, Landmark Center, 401 Park Drive, 3rd Floor East, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Daniel Gareau
- Laboratory of Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, Italy.
| | - James M Grichnik
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Room 912, BRB (R-125), 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jeffrey North
- University of California, San Francisco, 1701 Divisadero Street, Suite 280, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.
| | - Steven L Jacques
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Tracy Petrie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susan M Swetter
- Department of Dermatology/Cutaneous Oncology, Stanford University, 900 Blake Wilbur Drive, W3045, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Susan Tofte
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, CH16D, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Martin A Weinstock
- Departments of Dermatology and Epidemiology, Brown University, V A Medical Center 111D, 830 Chalkstone Avenue, Providence, RI, 02908, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Jackson DD, Owens OL, Friedman DB, Dubose-Morris R. Innovative and Community-Guided Evaluation and Dissemination of a Prostate Cancer Education Program for African-American Men and Women. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2015; 30:779-85. [PMID: 25510370 PMCID: PMC4469634 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-014-0774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
African Americans (AA) are more likely to develop and die from cancer than any other racial or ethnic group. The aims of this research were to (1) evaluate current education materials being implemented in a community-based prostate cancer education program for AA communities, (2) refine materials based on findings from aim 1, (3) share updated materials with participants from aim 1 for additional improvements, and (4) disseminate and evaluate the improved education program through a statewide videoconference with AA men and women. AA individuals evaluated the current education program through a mail survey (n=32) and community forum (n=38). Participants reported that the existing prostate cancer education program content could be understood by lay persons, but recommendations for improvement were identified. They included the following: defining unknown and/or scientific terminology, increasing readability by increasing font size and enlarging images, and including more recent and relevant statistics. Following refinement of the education materials based on survey and forum feedback, a statewide videoconference was implemented. Following the videoconference, participants (25 men; 3 women) reported that they would encourage others to learn more about prostate cancer, talk to their doctor about whether or not to get screened for prostate cancer, and recommend the conference to others. There is great potential for using this type of iterative approach to education program development with community and clinical partners for others conducting similar work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawnyea D Jackson
- United States Army Public Health Command, Army Institute of Public Health, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Otis L Owens
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior and the Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- Arnold School of Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 235, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Ragan Dubose-Morris
- South Carolina Area Health Education Consortium and Department of Library Science and Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Sanderson M, Levine RS, Fadden MK, Kilbourne B, Pisu M, Cain V, Husaini BA, Langston M, Gittner L, Zoorob R, Rust GS, Hennekens CH. Mammography Screening Among the Elderly: A Research Challenge. Am J Med 2015; 128:1362.e7-14. [PMID: 26169884 PMCID: PMC4658221 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized trials demonstrate clear benefits of mammography screening in women through age 74 years. We explored age- and race-specific rates of mammography screening and breast cancer mortality among women aged 69 to 84 years. METHODS We analyzed Medicare claims data for women residing within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results geographic areas from 1995 to 2009 from 64,384 non-Hispanic women (4886 black and 59,498 white) and ascertained all primary breast cancer cases diagnosed between ages 69 and 84 years. The exposure was annual or biennial screening mammography during the 4 years immediately preceding diagnosis. The outcome was breast cancer mortality during the 10 years immediately after diagnosis. RESULTS After adjustment for stage at diagnosis, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, comorbid conditions, and contextual socioeconomic status, hazard ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for breast cancer mortality relative to no/irregular mammography at 10 years for women aged 69 to 84 years at diagnosis were 0.31 (0.29-0.33) for annual mammography and 0.47 (0.44-0.51) for biennial mammography among whites and 0.36 (0.29-0.44) for annual mammography and 0.47 (0.37-0.58) for biennial mammography among blacks. Trends were similar at 5 years overall and stratified by ages 69 to 74 years, 75 to 78 years, and 79 to 84 years. CONCLUSIONS In these Medicare claims and Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results data, elderly non-Hispanic women who self-selected for annual mammography had lower 10-year breast cancer mortality than corresponding women who self-selected for biennial or no/irregular mammography. These findings were similar among black and white women. The data highlight the evidentiary limitations of data used for current screening mammography recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn.
| | - Robert S Levine
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Mary K Fadden
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Barbara Kilbourne
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Maria Pisu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Van Cain
- Center for Health Research, Tennessee State University, Nashville
| | - Baqar A Husaini
- Center for Health Research, Tennessee State University, Nashville
| | - Michael Langston
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
| | - Lisa Gittner
- Department of Political Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock
| | - Roger Zoorob
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn
| | - George S Rust
- Morehouse School of Medicine, National Center for Primary Care, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Charles H Hennekens
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn; Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Briant KJ, Wang L, Holte S, Ramos A, Marchello N, Thompson B. Understanding the impact of colorectal cancer education: a randomized trial of health fairs. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1196. [PMID: 26621127 PMCID: PMC4666067 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regular screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) reduces morbidity and mortality from this disease. A number of factors play a role in the underutilization of CRC screening; populations with the lowest CRC screening rates are least likely to be aware of the need for screening or have knowledge about screening options. The overall purpose of this project was to assess two methods for increasing knowledge about CRC in a health fair context: one, by using a health educator to provide CRC information at a table, or two, to provide a tour through a giant inflatable, walk-through colon model with physical depictions of healthy tissue, polyps, and CRC. Methods We participated in six community health fair events, three were randomized to incorporate the use of the inflatable colon, and three used a standard display table method. We used a pre/post-design to look for changes in knowledge about CRC before and after participating in a health fair. We examined descriptive statistics of participants using frequencies and proportions. McNemar’s test for paired binary data was used to test whether there were significant differences in the distribution of correct answer percentage from pre to post and from pre to follow up. Linear regression (GEE) was used to investigate whether there was a significant difference in the change from pre- to post-intervention in the percentage of correct answers on knowledge of tests available to detect CRC and awareness of risk factors for CRC between participants at sites with the inflatable colon compared to participants at sites without the inflatable colon. Results Participants (n = 273) were recruited at the six health fairs. Participants in health fairs with the inflatable colon had higher knowledge at post-test than participants in health fairs with tabling activities, that is, without the inflatable colon; however, the difference was not significant. One month follow-up after each health fair showed virtually no recollection of information learned at the health fairs. Conclusions The use of an inflatable colon may be an innovative way to help people learn about CRC and CRC screening; however, it is not significantly more effective than conventional table display methods. Further research is needed to associate intention to obtain screening after touring the inflatable colon with actual screening. Future research could explore ways to better retain knowledge at long-term follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Briant
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M3-B232, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Lei Wang
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M3-B232, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Sarah Holte
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M3-B232, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. .,Departments of Biostatistics and Global Health, University of Washington, 4333 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| | - Adriana Ramos
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Center for Community Health Promotion, 320 North 16th Street, Sunnyside, WA 98944, USA.
| | - Nathan Marchello
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Center for Community Health Promotion, 320 North 16th Street, Sunnyside, WA 98944, USA.
| | - Beti Thompson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M3-B232, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease that develops as a consequence of both genetic and environmental risk factors. A small proportion (3-5%) of cases arise from hereditary syndromes predisposing to early onset CRC as a result of mutations in over a dozen well defined genes. In contrast, CRC is predominantly a late onset 'sporadic' disease, developing in individuals with no obvious hereditary syndrome. In recent years, genome wide association studies have discovered that over 40 genetic regions are associated with weak effects on sporadic CRC, and it has been estimated that increasingly large genome wide scans will identify many additional novel genetic regions. Subsequent experimental validations have identified the causally related variant(s) in a limited number of these genetic regions. Further biological insight could be obtained through ethnically diverse study populations, larger genetic sequencing studies and development of higher throughput functional experiments. Along with inherited variation, integration of the tumour genome may shed light on the carcinogenic processes in CRC. In addition to summarising the genetic architecture of CRC, this review discusses genetic factors that modify environmental predictors of CRC, as well as examples of how genetic insight has improved clinical surveillance, prevention and treatment strategies. In summary, substantial progress has been made in uncovering the genetic architecture of CRC, and continued research efforts are expected to identify additional genetic risk factors that further our biological understanding of this disease. Subsequently these new insights will lead to improved treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Niha Zubair
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Lehto RH. Lung cancer screening guidelines. The nurse's role in patient education and advocacy. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2015; 18:338-42. [PMID: 24867114 DOI: 10.1188/14.cjon.338-342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the third leading cancer in incidence following breast and prostate, lung cancer is the principal cause of cancer death in the United States. The majority of lung cancer cases are detected at an advanced stage when surgical resection is no longer an option. Recent research has concluded that lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography for specific high-risk groups may reduce lung cancer mortality. Public awareness and the need for current information are growing regarding the state of the science relative to lung cancer screening for individuals at high risk for lung cancer. This article provides a historical perspective on the topic of lung cancer screening. The risks and benefits of screening are discussed, and current clinical practice guidelines are reviewed. Oncology nurses will need to be cognizant of the risks, benefits, and current guidelines related to lung cancer screening as they support patients and their families making informed decisions about personal health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Lehto
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University in East Lansing
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Inamoto Y, Shah NN, Savani BN, Shaw BE, Abraham AA, Ahmed IA, Akpek G, Atsuta Y, Baker KS, Basak GW, Bitan M, DeFilipp Z, Gregory TK, Greinix HT, Hamadani M, Hamilton BK, Hayashi RJ, Jacobsohn DA, Kamble RT, Kasow KA, Khera N, Lazarus HM, Malone AK, Lupo-Stanghellini MT, Margossian SP, Muffly LS, Norkin M, Ramanathan M, Salooja N, Schoemans H, Wingard JR, Wirk B, Wood WA, Yong A, Duncan CN, Flowers MED, Majhail NS. Secondary solid cancer screening following hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:1013-23. [PMID: 25822223 PMCID: PMC4989866 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients have a substantial risk of developing secondary solid cancers, particularly beyond 5 years after HCT and without reaching a plateau overtime. A working group was established through the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation with the goal to facilitate implementation of cancer screening appropriate to HCT recipients. The working group reviewed guidelines and methods for cancer screening applicable to the general population and reviewed the incidence and risk factors for secondary cancers after HCT. A consensus approach was used to establish recommendations for individual secondary cancers. The most common sites include oral cavity, skin, breast and thyroid. Risks of cancers are increased after HCT compared with the general population in skin, thyroid, oral cavity, esophagus, liver, nervous system, bone and connective tissues. Myeloablative TBI, young age at HCT, chronic GVHD and prolonged immunosuppressive treatment beyond 24 months were well-documented risk factors for many types of secondary cancers. All HCT recipients should be advised of the risks of secondary cancers annually and encouraged to undergo recommended screening based on their predisposition. Here we propose guidelines to help clinicians in providing screening and preventive care for secondary cancers among HCT recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Inamoto
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N N Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B N Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - B E Shaw
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A A Abraham
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - I A Ahmed
- Department of Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - G Akpek
- Section of Hematology Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Y Atsuta
- 1] Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagoya, Japan [2] Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K S Baker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G W Basak
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Bitan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Z DeFilipp
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T K Gregory
- Colorado Blood Cancer Institute at Presbyterian/St Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - H T Greinix
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Hamadani
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - B K Hamilton
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - R J Hayashi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - D A Jacobsohn
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - R T Kamble
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K A Kasow
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - N Khera
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - H M Lazarus
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A K Malone
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M T Lupo-Stanghellini
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - S P Margossian
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L S Muffly
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Norkin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M Ramanathan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worchester, MA, USA
| | | | - H Schoemans
- University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J R Wingard
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - B Wirk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - W A Wood
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Yong
- Royal Adelaide Hospital/SA Pathology and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - C N Duncan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M E D Flowers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - N S Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Jagga Z, Gupta D. Machine learning for biomarker identification in cancer research - developments toward its clinical application. Per Med 2015; 12:371-387. [PMID: 29771660 DOI: 10.2217/pme.15.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The patterns identified from the systematically collected molecular profiles of patient tumor samples, along with clinical metadata, can assist personalized treatments for effective management of cancer patients with similar molecular subtypes. There is an unmet need to develop computational algorithms for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics that can identify complex patterns and help in classifications based on plethora of emerging cancer research outcomes in public domain. Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, holds a great potential for pattern recognition in cryptic cancer datasets, as evident from recent literature survey. In this review, we focus on the current status of machine learning applications in cancer research, highlighting trends and analyzing major achievements, roadblocks and challenges toward its implementation in clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeenia Jagga
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Structural & Computational Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Dinesh Gupta
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Structural & Computational Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Subsequent Neoplasms in Adult Survivors of Childhood Genitourinary Tumors. Urology 2015; 86:666-75. [PMID: 26232689 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment for childhood genitourinary tumors such as Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, and germ cell tumors has progressed to the point that cure can be expected in many cases. However, survivorship is often coupled with a variety of late effects, of which subsequent neoplasms may be the most concerning if not the most life threatening. Here, we review current literature to assess and report issues relating to subsequent neoplasms in patients with a history of childhood genitourinary tumors, including causative factors, overall risks, the most prevalent subsequent neoplasms, and current recommendations for surveillance and screening.
Collapse
|
97
|
Adams SA, Choi SK, Eberth JM, Friedman DB, Yip MP, Tucker-Seeley RD, Wigfall LT, Hébert JR. Is Availability of Mammography Services at Federally Qualified Health Centers Associated with Breast Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratios? An Ecological Analysis. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2015. [PMID: 26208105 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2014.5114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mammography is the most effective method to detect breast cancer in its earliest stages, reducing the risk of breast cancer death. We investigated the relationship between accessibility of mammography services at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) of breast cancer in each county in the United States. METHODS County-level breast cancer mortality and incidence rates in 2006-2010 were used to estimate MIRs. We compared breast cancer MIRs based on the density and availability of FQHC delivery sites with or without mammography services both in the county and in the neighboring counties. RESULTS The relationship between breast cancer MIRs and access to mammography services at FQHCs differed by race and county of residence. Breast cancer MIRs were lower in counties with mammography facilities or FQHC delivery sites than in counties without a mammography facility or FQHC delivery site. This trend was stronger in urban counties (p=0.01) and among whites (p=0.008). Counties with a high density of mammography facilities had lower breast cancer MIRs than other counties, specifically in urban counties (p=0.01) and among whites (p=0.01). Breast cancer MIR for blacks was the lowest in counties having mammography facilities; and was highest in counties without a mammography facility within the county or the neighboring counties (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Mammography services provided at FQHCs may have a positive impact on breast cancer MIRs. Expansion of services provided at the FQHCs and placement of FQHCs in additional underserved areas might help to reduce cancer disparities in the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swann Arp Adams
- 1 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina.,2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina.,3 College of Nursing, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Seul Ki Choi
- 1 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina.,4 Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Jan M Eberth
- 1 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina.,2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- 1 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina.,4 Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Mei Po Yip
- 5 Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Reginald D Tucker-Seeley
- 6 Center for Community Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts.,7 Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lisa T Wigfall
- 8 Institute for Partnerships to Eliminate Health Disparities, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - James R Hébert
- 1 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina.,2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
El Saghir NS, Farhat RA, Charara RN, Khoury KE. Enhancing cancer care in areas of limited resources: our next steps. Future Oncol 2015; 10:1953-65. [PMID: 25386812 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In-depth knowledge of local conditions is necessary in order to enhance care in low- and middle-income countries. In this review we discuss: improving cancer diagnosis, optimizing patient management, increasing health awareness, prevention, early detection, eradication of causative infectious diseases and agents, tobacco control, healthy diets and lifestyles, availability of diagnostic methods, easy access to care, affordable costs, improving infrastructures, quality care measures, implementing and adapting guidelines, multidisciplinary management, supportive and survivorship care, research and optimization of medical school curriculum and training in oncology. Establishment of national cancer control plans by policy makers, physician societies, medical schools, and patient advocates is recommended. We will review evidence and controversies, and outline the next steps needed to prevent cancer and enhance care of cancer patients in LMICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi S El Saghir
- Breast Center of Excellence, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Cha JM, Kozarek RA, La Selva D, Gluck M, Ross A, Chiorean M, Koch J, Lin OS. Findings of diagnostic colonoscopy in young adults versus findings of screening colonoscopy in patients aged 50 to 54 years: a comparative study stratified by symptom category. Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 82:138-45. [PMID: 25843617 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2014.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The threshold for diagnostic colonoscopy in symptomatic patients aged <50 years remains controversial. Previous studies on the prevalence of neoplasia or other serious pathology in young patients mostly have been uncontrolled, providing only limited data on the risk associated with specific symptoms. OBJECTIVE To compare colonoscopy findings in patients aged <50 years who have various symptoms (diagnostic cohort) against those of concurrent patients aged 50 to 54 years who are asymptomatic (screening cohort). DESIGN Retrospective controlled cohort study. SETTING Teaching hospital. PATIENTS Symptomatic patients aged between 18 and 49 years and asymptomatic patients aged between 50 and 54 years. INTERVENTIONS Colonoscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Prevalence of advanced neoplasia. RESULTS During the study period, 1638 patients underwent colonoscopy in the screening cohort (mean [± standard deviation{SD}] age 51.7 ± 1.4 years) and 1266 underwent colonoscopy in the diagnostic cohort (40.4 ± 8.0 years). Despite the age difference, the prevalence of advanced neoplasia in patients with rectal bleeding was comparable with that in the screening controls: 28 of 472 (5.9%) versus 113 of 1638 patients (6.9%) (P = .459). Furthermore, 10 patients (2.1%) with rectal bleeding were newly diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. In contrast, other symptoms that commonly lead to colonoscopy, such as abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, and weight loss, were associated with much lower risks for neoplasia. As a result, the overall prevalences of neoplasia and advanced neoplasia were significantly higher in the screening cohort than in the diagnostic cohort: 467 of 1638 patients (28.5%) versus 179 of 1266 patients (14.1%), and 113 patients (6.9%) versus 48 patients (3.8%), respectively (both P < .001). LIMITATIONS No data on duration of symptoms; discrepant sex ratios between cohorts. CONCLUSION The threshold for diagnostic colonoscopy in symptomatic young adults should be individualized for each symptom category. Rectal bleeding warrants colonoscopy to detect advanced neoplasia or inflammatory bowel disease in most young patients, especially those aged 40 to 49 years, whereas non-bleeding symptoms, including some traditionally regarded as "alarm" symptoms, were associated with a much lower risk for neoplasia compared with the risk in screening patients aged 50 to 54 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Myung Cha
- Gastroenterology Division, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gang Dong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard A Kozarek
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Danielle La Selva
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Gluck
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew Ross
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Chiorean
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Johannes Koch
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Otto S Lin
- Digestive Disease Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Irvin VL, Breen N, Meissner HI, Liu B, Kaplan RM. Non-normal Screening Mammography Results, Lumpectomies, and Breast Cancer Reported by California Women, 2001-2009. Womens Health Issues 2015; 25:331-40. [PMID: 26070253 PMCID: PMC4500637 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although screening mammography may contribute to decreases in breast cancer mortality in a population, it may also increase the risk of false positives, anxiety, and unnecessary and costly medical procedures in individuals. We report trends in self-reported non-normal screening mammography results, lumpectomies, and breast cancer in a representative sample of California women. METHODS Data were obtained from the 2001, 2005, and 2009 cross-sectional California Health Interview Surveys (CHIS) and weighted to the California population. CHIS employed a multistage sampling design to administer telephone surveys in 6 languages. Our study sample was restricted to women 40 years and older who reported a screening mammogram in the past 2 years. Sample sizes were 13,974 in 2001, 12,069 in 2005, and 15,552 in 2009. Women reporting non-normal results were asked whether they had an operation to remove the lump and, if so, whether the lump was confirmed as malignant. FINDINGS Between 2001 and 2009, the percent of California women who reported having been diagnosed with breast cancer was relatively stable. For each of the three age groups studied, the percentage of non-normal mammography results increased and the percentages of lumpectomies decreased and, for every woman reporting a diagnosis of breast cancer, three women reported a lumpectomy that turned out not to be cancer. This ratio was greater for younger women and less for older women. CONCLUSIONS Despite relatively constant rates of breast cancer diagnosis from 2001 to 2009, the percentage of non-normal mammography results increased and lumpectomies declined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica L Irvin
- Health Promotion & Health Behavior, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
| | - Nancy Breen
- Health Systems and Interventions Research Branch, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Helen I Meissner
- Tobacco Regulatory Science Program, Office of Disease Prevention, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Benmei Liu
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Robert M Kaplan
- Office of the Director, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|