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Su W, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Chishti A, Li QQ, Dayal S, Shiehzadegan S, Cheng A, Moore C, Bi X, Baudry M. Deletion of the Capn1 Gene Results in Alterations in Signaling Pathways Related to Alzheimer's Disease, Protein Quality Control and Synaptic Plasticity in Mouse Brain. Front Genet 2020; 11:334. [PMID: 32328086 PMCID: PMC7161415 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpains represent a family of calcium-dependent proteases participating in a multitude of functions under physiological or pathological conditions. Calpain-1 is one of the most studied members of the family, is ubiquitously distributed in organs and tissues, and has been shown to be involved in synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection in mammalian brain. Calpain-1 deletion results in a number of phenotypic alterations. While some of these alterations can be explained by the acute functions of calpain-1, the present study was directed at studying alterations in gene expression that could also account for these phenotypic modifications. RNA-seq analysis identified 354 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in brain of calpain-1 knock-out mice, as compared to their wild-type strain. Most DEGs were classified in 10 KEGG pathways, with the highest representations in Protein Processing in Endoplasmic Reticulum, MAP kinase and Alzheimer's disease pathways. Most DEGs were down-regulated and validation of a number of these genes indicated a corresponding decreased expression of their encoded proteins. The results indicate that calpain-1 is involved in the regulation of a significant number of genes affecting multiple brain functions. They also indicate that mutations in calpain-1 are likely to be involved in a number of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Su
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Qian Zhou
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Athar Chishti
- Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingshun Q. Li
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sujay Dayal
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Shayan Shiehzadegan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Ariel Cheng
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Clare Moore
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Xiaoning Bi
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Michel Baudry
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
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Gunata M, Parlakpinar H, Acet H. Melatonin: A review of its potential functions and effects on neurological diseases. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2020; 176:148-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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García-Costela M, Escudero-Feliú J, Puentes-Pardo JD, San Juán SM, Morales-Santana S, Ríos-Arrabal S, Carazo Á, León J. Circadian Genes as Therapeutic Targets in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:638. [PMID: 33042011 PMCID: PMC7516350 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide due to its symptoms, early metastasis, and chemoresistance. Thus, the mechanisms contributing to pancreatic cancer progression require further exploration. Circadian rhythms are the daily oscillations of multiple biological processes regulated by an endogenous clock. Several evidences suggest that the circadian clock may play an important role in the cell cycle, cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, timing of chemotherapy or radiation treatment can influence the efficacy and toxicity treatment. Here, we revisit the studies on circadian clock as an emerging target for therapy in pancreatic cancer. We highlight those potential circadian genes regulators that are commonly affected in pancreatic cancer according to most recent reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Costela
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Julia Escudero-Feliú
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
| | - Sara Moreno San Juán
- Cytometry and Michroscopy Research Service, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Sonia Morales-Santana
- Proteomic Research Service, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology Division, CIBER of Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra Ríos-Arrabal
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sandra Ríos-Arrabal
| | - Ángel Carazo
- Genomic Research Service, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Josefa León
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
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De Nobrega AK, Luz KV, Lyons LC. Resetting the Aging Clock: Implications for Managing Age-Related Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1260:193-265. [PMID: 32304036 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, individuals are living longer due to medical and scientific advances, increased availability of medical care and changes in public health policies. Consequently, increasing attention has been focused on managing chronic conditions and age-related diseases to ensure healthy aging. The endogenous circadian system regulates molecular, physiological and behavioral rhythms orchestrating functional coordination and processes across tissues and organs. Circadian disruption or desynchronization of circadian oscillators increases disease risk and appears to accelerate aging. Reciprocally, aging weakens circadian function aggravating age-related diseases and pathologies. In this review, we summarize the molecular composition and structural organization of the circadian system in mammals and humans, and evaluate the technological and societal factors contributing to the increasing incidence of circadian disorders. Furthermore, we discuss the adverse effects of circadian dysfunction on aging and longevity and the bidirectional interactions through which aging affects circadian function using examples from mammalian research models and humans. Additionally, we review promising methods for managing healthy aging through behavioral and pharmacological reinforcement of the circadian system. Understanding age-related changes in the circadian clock and minimizing circadian dysfunction may be crucial components to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza K De Nobrega
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kristine V Luz
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Lisa C Lyons
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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55
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Maiese K. Cognitive impairment with diabetes mellitus and metabolic disease: innovative insights with the mechanistic target of rapamycin and circadian clock gene pathways. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:23-34. [PMID: 31794280 PMCID: PMC6959472 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1698288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Dementia is the 7th leading cause of death that imposes a significant financial and service burden on the global population. Presently, only symptomatic care exists for cognitive loss, such as Alzheimer's disease.Areas covered: Given the advancing age of the global population, it becomes imperative to develop innovative therapeutic strategies for cognitive loss. New studies provide insight to the association of cognitive loss with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus.Expert opinion: Diabetes mellitus is increasing in incidence throughout the world and affects 350 million individuals. Treatment strategies identifying novel pathways that oversee metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders offer exciting prospects to treat dementia. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and circadian clock gene pathways that include AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), erythropoietin (EPO), and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) provide novel strategies to treat cognitive loss that has its basis in metabolic cellular dysfunction. However, these pathways are complex and require precise regulation to maximize treatment efficacy and minimize any potential clinical disability. Further investigations hold great promise to treat both the onset and progression of cognitive loss that is associated with metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, New York 10022
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Maiese K. Nicotinamide: Oversight of Metabolic Dysfunction Through SIRT1, mTOR, and Clock Genes. Curr Neurovasc Res 2020; 17:765-783. [PMID: 33183203 PMCID: PMC7914159 DOI: 10.2174/1567202617999201111195232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders that include diabetes mellitus present significant challenges for maintaining the welfare of the global population. Metabolic diseases impact all systems of the body and despite current therapies that offer some protection through tight serum glucose control, ultimately such treatments cannot block the progression of disability and death realized with metabolic disorders. As a result, novel therapeutic avenues are critical for further development to address these concerns. An innovative strategy involves the vitamin nicotinamide and the pathways associated with the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1), mTOR Complex 2 (mTORC2), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and clock genes. Nicotinamide maintains an intimate relationship with these pathways to oversee metabolic disease and improve glucose utilization, limit mitochondrial dysfunction, block oxidative stress, potentially function as antiviral therapy, and foster cellular survival through mechanisms involving autophagy. However, the pathways of nicotinamide, SIRT1, mTOR, AMPK, and clock genes are complex and involve feedback pathways as well as trophic factors such as erythropoietin that require a careful balance to ensure metabolic homeostasis. Future work is warranted to gain additional insight into these vital pathways that can oversee both normal metabolic physiology and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, New York 10022
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57
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Beker MC, Caglayan B, Caglayan AB, Kelestemur T, Yalcin E, Caglayan A, Kilic U, Baykal AT, Reiter RJ, Kilic E. Interaction of melatonin and Bmal1 in the regulation of PI3K/AKT pathway components and cellular survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19082. [PMID: 31836786 PMCID: PMC6910929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is driven by a master clock within the suprachiasmatic nucleus which regulates the rhythmic secretion of melatonin. Bmal1 coordinates the rhythmic expression of transcriptome and regulates biological activities, involved in cell metabolism and aging. However, the role of Bmal1 in cellular- survival, signaling, its interaction with intracellular proteins, and how melatonin regulates its expression is largely unclear. Here we observed that melatonin increases the expression of Bmal1 and both melatonin and Bmal1 increase cellular survival after oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) while the inhibition of Bmal1 resulted in the decreased cellular survival without affecting neuroprotective effects of melatonin. By using a planar surface immunoassay for PI3K/AKT signaling pathway components, we revealed that both melatonin and Bmal1 increased phosphorylation of AKT, ERK-1/2, PDK1, mTOR, PTEN, GSK-3αβ, and p70S6K. In contrast, inhibition of Bmal1 resulted in decreased phosphorylation of these proteins, which the effect of melatonin on these signaling molecules was not affected by the absence of Bmal1. Besides, the inhibition of PI3K/AKT decreased Bmal1 expression and the effect of melatonin on Bmal1 after both OGD in vitro and focal cerebral ischemia in vivo. Our data demonstrate that melatonin controls the expression of Bmal1 via PI3K/AKT signaling, and Bmal1 plays critical roles in cellular survival via activation of survival kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa C Beker
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Caglayan
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet B Caglayan
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Taha Kelestemur
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Yalcin
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysun Caglayan
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulkan Kilic
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet T Baykal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, 78229, Texas, USA
| | - Ertugrul Kilic
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Pisani G, Baron B. Nuclear paraspeckles function in mediating gene regulatory and apoptotic pathways. Noncoding RNA Res 2019; 4:128-134. [PMID: 32072080 PMCID: PMC7012776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus is an essential hub for the regulation of gene expression in both spatial and temporal contexts. The complexity required to manage such a feat has resulted in the evolution of multiple sub-structures in the nucleus such as the nucleolus, small cajal bodies and nuclear stress bodies. The paraspeckle is another membraneless structure composed of RNA elements, primarily the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript 1 (NEAT1), associated with RNA binding proteins (RBPs). The paraspeckle is showing signs of being involved in various aspects of gene regulation and its role in many pathologies from cancer to viral infection is beginning to be addressed. Research into paraspeckle-directed gene regulation highlights the increase in the appreciation of the biological significance of non-coding RNA (ncRNA). This review will thus cover the basis of how a structure as large as a paraspeckle forms along with its functions. It will also explore how it effects pathological conditions and can be used in clinical intervention, with special emphasis on the multitude of methods utilised by paraspeckles for apoptotic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Byron Baron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
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Pathak SS, Liu D, Li T, de Zavalia N, Zhu L, Li J, Karthikeyan R, Alain T, Liu AC, Storch KF, Kaufman RJ, Jin VX, Amir S, Sonenberg N, Cao R. The eIF2α Kinase GCN2 Modulates Period and Rhythmicity of the Circadian Clock by Translational Control of Atf4. Neuron 2019; 104:724-735.e6. [PMID: 31522764 PMCID: PMC6872934 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to diverse stress stimuli to maintain homeostasis in neurons. Central to this process is the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α). Here, we report a critical role for ISR in regulating the mammalian circadian clock. The eIF2α kinase GCN2 rhythmically phosphorylates eIF2α in the suprachiasmatic circadian clock. Increased eIF2α phosphorylation shortens the circadian period in both fibroblasts and mice, whereas reduced eIF2α phosphorylation lengthens the circadian period and impairs circadian rhythmicity in animals. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of eIF2α promotes mRNA translation of Atf4. ATF4 binding motifs are identified in multiple clock genes, including Per2, Per3, Cry1, Cry2, and Clock. ATF4 binds to the TTGCAGCA motif in the Per2 promoter and activates its transcription. Together, these results demonstrate a significant role for ISR in circadian physiology and provide a potential link between dysregulated ISR and circadian dysfunction in brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil Saurav Pathak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Tianbao Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Nuria de Zavalia
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Lei Zhu
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Ramanujam Karthikeyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Tommy Alain
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kai-Florian Storch
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92307, USA
| | - Victor X Jin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shimon Amir
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.
| | - Ruifeng Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Baker E, Sims R, Leonenko G, Frizzati A, Harwood JC, Grozeva D, Morgan K, Passmore P, Holmes C, Powell J, Brayne C, Gill M, Mead S, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Goate AM, Cruchaga C, Maier W, Heun R, Jessen F, Peters O, Dichgans M, FröLich L, Ramirez A, Jones L, Hardy J, Ivanov D, Hill M, Holmans P, Allen ND, Morgan BP, Seshadri S, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P, Williams J, Escott-Price V. Gene-based analysis in HRC imputed genome wide association data identifies three novel genes for Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218111. [PMID: 31283791 PMCID: PMC6613773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Late onset Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia for which about 30 susceptibility loci have been reported. The aim of the current study is to identify novel genes associated with Alzheimer's disease using the largest up-to-date reference single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel, the most accurate imputation software and a novel gene-based analysis approach which tests for patterns of association within genes, in the powerful genome-wide association dataset of the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project Consortium, comprising over 7 million genotypes from 17,008 Alzheimer's cases and 37,154 controls. In addition to earlier reported genes, we detected three novel gene-wide significant loci PPARGC1A (p = 2.2 × 10-6), RORA (p = 7.4 × 10-7) and ZNF423 (p = 2.1 × 10-6). PPARGC1A and RORA are involved in circadian rhythm; circadian disturbances are one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. PPARGC1A is additionally linked to energy metabolism and the generation of amyloid beta plaques. RORA is involved in a variety of functions apart from circadian rhythm, such as cholesterol metabolism and inflammation. The ZNF423 gene resides in an Alzheimer's disease-specific protein network and is likely involved with centrosomes and DNA damage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Baker
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ganna Leonenko
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Aura Frizzati
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Janet C. Harwood
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Detelina Grozeva
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Life Sciences Building A27, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Clive Holmes
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - John Powell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Gill
- Mercer’s Institute for Research on Ageing, St. James’ Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Mead
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alison M. Goate
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Heun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, 80336, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Lutz FröLich
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lesley Jones
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dobril Ivanov
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hill
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Holmans
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D. Allen
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - B. Paul Morgan
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gerard D. Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille University Hospital, Institut Pasteur de Lille, LabEx DISTALZ-UMR1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Williams
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Kiley JP, Twery MJ, Gibbons GH. The National Center on Sleep Disorders Research-progress and promise. Sleep 2019; 42:5498425. [PMID: 31125417 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James P Kiley
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael J Twery
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gary H Gibbons
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
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62
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Michel S, Meijer JH. From clock to functional pacemaker. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:482-493. [PMID: 30793396 PMCID: PMC7027845 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, the central pacemaker that coordinates 24‐hr rhythms is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Individual neurons of the SCN have a molecular basis for rhythm generation and hence, they function as cell autonomous oscillators. Communication and synchronization among these neurons are crucial for obtaining a coherent rhythm at the population level, that can serve as a pace making signal for brain and body. Hence, the ability of single SCN neurons to produce circadian rhythms is equally important as the ability of these neurons to synchronize one another, to obtain a bona fide pacemaker at the SCN tissue level. In this chapter we will discuss the mechanisms underlying synchronization, and plasticity herein, which allows adaptation to changes in day length. Furthermore, we will discuss deterioration in synchronization among SCN neurons in aging, and gain in synchronization by voluntary physical activity or exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Michel
- Group Neurophysiology, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna H Meijer
- Group Neurophysiology, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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63
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Rao R, Androulakis IP. The physiological significance of the circadian dynamics of the HPA axis: Interplay between circadian rhythms, allostasis and stress resilience. Horm Behav 2019; 110:77-89. [PMID: 30862458 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Circadian time-keeping mechanisms preserve homeostasis by synchronizing internal physiology with predictable variations in the environment and temporally organize the activation of physiological signaling mechanisms to promote survival and optimize the allocation of energetic resources. In this paper, we highlight the importance of the robust circadian dynamics of allostatic mediators, with a focus on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, for the optimal regulation of host physiology and in enabling organisms to adequately respond and adapt to physiological stressors. We review studies showing how the chronic disruption of circadian rhythms can result in the accumulation of allostatic load, which impacts the appropriate functioning of physiological systems and diminishes the resilience of internal systems to adequately respond to subsequent stressors. A careful consideration of circadian rhythm dynamics leads to a more comprehensive characterization of individual variability in allostatic load and stress resilience. Finally, we suggest that the restoration of circadian rhythms after pathological disruption can enable the re-engagement of allostatic mechanisms and re-establish stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Rao
- Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ioannis P Androulakis
- Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America; Biomedical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America; Department of Surgery, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America.
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64
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Gasperoni F, Turini P, Agostinelli E. A novel comprehensive paradigm for the etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: therapeutic approaches and future perspectives on its treatment. Amino Acids 2019; 51:745-759. [PMID: 30887124 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is well recognized that variation in the geographical distribution of prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) exists: increasing the latitude its prevalence increases as well, but the underlying causes of such dissimilarity still remained elusive as of today. Currently, the most accredited hypothesis is that the closer to the equator the more pronounced is the amount of sunlight which, in turn, increases the production of vitamin D. Cholecalciferol is indeed deficient in MS patients, but this factor does not explain by itself the etiopathogenesis of the disease. In the present study, to search for a pattern and provide a model of the disease's etiology consistent with this regional factor, as well with its changing ethnic, sex-ratio, lifestyle variations and the other unexplained aspects of MS, an extensive analysis of peer-reviewed literature and data was conducted. The arisen hypothesis was that, increasing the latitude, the factor that varies and can have the stronger effect on the human organism, is the continuous and ever-increasing diversity of the natural light-dark cycle. The consequent effort of the suprachiasmatic nucleus to entrain the organism's circadian rhythm affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis resulting in desynchronizing the central and peripheral circadian clocks and pathologizing the immunitary system. To verify such hypothesis, a theoretical framework of the etiopathogenesis, coherent with the gathered literature, was conceived and a demonstration to corroborate it was eventually devised and performed. The results underscored that people living in countries subjected to a further circadian disruptive factor, as daylight saving time, have a 6.35 times higher prevalence of MS than States placed on their same latitude that do not observe it, thus strongly supporting the hypothesis. As further reinforcement of the conclusions, it is worth mentioning that the levels of polyamines rise abruptly in autoimmune diseases. Moreover, among their numerous roles, these polycations participate to the regulation of the circadian clock so their sudden variation might disrupt it. Following these interesting findings, new perspectives in therapies are, therefore, proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gasperoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,International Polyamines Foundation-ONLUS, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Turini
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,International Polyamines Foundation-ONLUS, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,International Polyamines Foundation-ONLUS, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159, Rome, Italy.
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65
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Roles of aging in sleep. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 98:177-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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66
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Loehfelm A, Boucsein A, Pretz D, Tups A. Timing Matters: Circadian Effects on Energy Homeostasis and Alzheimer's Disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:132-143. [PMID: 30594436 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two major health issues in modern society causing an extraordinary financial burden for the global healthcare systems. A tight link between the pathologies of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and more recently between T2D and AD, has been discovered. Furthermore, in recent years it has become apparent that the circadian clock has an important function in controlling metabolism. This review integrates the role of the circadian clock in the development of these metabolic derangements and vice versa. Common features such as central insulin resistance, altered glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) signalling, and central inflammation are discussed, and therapeutic interventions targeting those mechanisms are mentioned briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Loehfelm
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alisa Boucsein
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dominik Pretz
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alexander Tups
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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67
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Gubin DG, Malishevskaya ТN, Astakhov YS, Astakhov SY, Cornelissen G, Kuznetsov VA, Weinert D. Progressive retinal ganglion cell loss in primary open-angle glaucoma is associated with temperature circadian rhythm phase delay and compromised sleep. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:564-577. [PMID: 30663431 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1566741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell complex (RGCC) damage that may cause subsequent disruption of the circadian rhythms. Therefore, we evaluated circadian body temperature (BT) rhythm and sleep characteristics of 115 individuals (38 men and 77 women) diagnosed with POAG. GLV (global loss volume; %), a measure of RGCC damage, was estimated by high-definition optical coherence tomography, and RGC functional ability was assessed by pattern electroretinogram amplitude (PERGA). Depending on dynamics of POAG progression criteria, two groups were formed that were distinctively different in GLV: Stable POAG group (S-POAG; GLV = 5.95 ± 1.84, n = 65) and Progressive POAG group (P-POAG; GLV = 24.27 ± 5.09, n = 50). S-POAG and P-POAG groups were not different in mean age (67.61 ± 7.56 versus 69.98 ± 8.15) or body mass index (24.66 ± 3.03 versus 24.77 ± 2.90). All subjects performed 21 around-the-clock BT self-measurements during a 72-h period and kept activity/sleep diaries. Results showed pronounced disruption of circadian physiology in POAG and its progression with increasing severity of the disease. The daily mean of BT was unusually low, compared to age-matched controls. Moreover, our results revealed distinctive features of BT circadian rhythm alterations in POAG development and POAG progression. S-POAG is associated with lowered BT circadian rhythm robustness and inter-daily phase stability compared to controls. In the P-POAG group, the mean phase of the circadian BT rhythm was delayed by about 5 h and phases were highly scattered among individual patients, which led to reduced group mean amplitude. Circadian amplitudes of individuals were not different between the groups. Altogether, these results suggest that the body clock still works in POAG patients, but its entrainment to the 24-h environment is compromised. Probably because of the internal desynchronization, bedtime is delayed, and sleep duration is accordingly shortened by about 55 min in P-POAG compared to S-POAG patients. In the entire POAG cohort (both groups), later sleep phase and shorter mean sleep duration correlate with the delayed BT phase (r = 0.215; p = 0.021 and r = 0.322; p = 0.0004, respectively). An RGCC GLV of 15% apparently constitutes a threshold above which a delay of the circadian BT rhythm and a shortening of sleep duration occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Gubin
- a Department of Biology , Medical University , Tyumen , Russia.,b Tyumen Cardiology Research Center , Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science , Tomsk , Russia
| | - Т N Malishevskaya
- c Department of Organization of Medical Care , State Autonomous Health Care Institution Tyumen Regional Ophthalmological Dispensary , Tyumen , Russia.,d Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry , West-Siberian Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education , Tyumen , Russia
| | - Y S Astakhov
- e Department of Ophthalmology , Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - S Y Astakhov
- e Department of Ophthalmology , Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - G Cornelissen
- f Halberg Chronobiology Center , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , MN , USA
| | - V A Kuznetsov
- b Tyumen Cardiology Research Center , Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science , Tomsk , Russia
| | - D Weinert
- g Institute of Biology/Zoology , Martin Luther University , Halle-Wittenberg , Germany
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68
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Cha HK, Chung S, Lim HY, Jung JW, Son GH. Small Molecule Modulators of the Circadian Molecular Clock With Implications for Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 11:496. [PMID: 30718998 PMCID: PMC6348269 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms regulate many biological processes and play fundamental roles in behavior, physiology, and metabolism. Such periodicity is critical for homeostasis because disruption or misalignment of the intrinsic rhythms is associated with the onset and progression of various human diseases and often directly leads to pathological states. Since the first identification of mammalian circadian clock genes, numerous genetic and biochemical studies have revealed the molecular basis of these cell-autonomous and self-sustainable rhythms. Specifically, these rhythms are generated by two interlocking transcription/translation feedback loops of clock proteins. As our understanding of these underlying mechanisms and their functional outputs has expanded, strategies have emerged to pharmacologically control the circadian molecular clock. Small molecules that target the molecular clock may present novel therapeutic strategies to treat chronic circadian rhythm-related diseases. These pharmaceutical approaches may include the development of new drugs to treat circadian clock-related disorders or combinational use with existing therapeutic strategies to improve efficacy via intrinsic clock-dependent mechanisms. Importantly, circadian rhythm disruptions correlate with, and often precede, many symptoms of various neuropsychiatric disorders such as sleep disorders, affective disorders, addiction-related disorders, and neurodegeneration. In this mini-review, we focus on recent discoveries of small molecules that pharmacologically modulate the core components of the circadian clock and their potential as preventive and/or therapeutic strategies for circadian clock-related neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Kyeong Cha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Wha Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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69
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Yakovleva OV, Poluektov MG, Lyashenko EA, Levin OS. Sleep and cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:89-98. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911904289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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70
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An H, Williams NG, Shelkovnikova TA. NEAT1 and paraspeckles in neurodegenerative diseases: A missing lnc found? Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:243-252. [PMID: 30533572 PMCID: PMC6257911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are among the most common causes of disability worldwide. Although neurodegenerative diseases are heterogeneous in both their clinical features and the underlying physiology, they are all characterised by progressive loss of specific neuronal populations. Recent experimental evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the CNS in health and disease. Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1 (NEAT1) is an abundant, ubiquitously expressed lncRNA, which forms a scaffold for a specific RNA granule in the nucleus, or nuclear body, the paraspeckle. Paraspeckles act as molecular hubs for cellular processes commonly affected by neurodegeneration. Transcriptomic analyses of the diseased human tissue have revealed altered NEAT1 levels in the CNS in major neurodegenerative disorders as well as in some disease models. Although it is clear that changes in NEAT1 expression (and in some cases, paraspeckle assembly) accompany neuronal damage, our understanding of NEAT1 contribution to the disease pathogenesis is still rudimentary. In this review, we have summarised the available knowledge on NEAT1 involvement in the molecular processes linked to neurodegeneration and on NEAT1 dysregulation in this type of disease, with a special focus on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The goal of this review is to attract the attention of researchers in the field of neurodegeneration to NEAT1 and paraspeckles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan An
- Medicines Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Non G Williams
- Medicines Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Tatyana A Shelkovnikova
- Medicines Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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71
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Steponenaite A, Biello SM, Lall GS. Aging clocks: disrupted circadian rhythms. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:3065-3066. [PMID: 30425185 PMCID: PMC6286846 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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72
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Leysen H, van Gastel J, Hendrickx JO, Santos-Otte P, Martin B, Maudsley S. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Systems as Crucial Regulators of DNA Damage Response Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2919. [PMID: 30261591 PMCID: PMC6213947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their associated proteins represent one of the most diverse cellular signaling systems involved in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Aging represents perhaps the most complex biological process in humans and involves a progressive degradation of systemic integrity and physiological resilience. This is in part mediated by age-related aberrations in energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, protein folding and sorting, inflammatory activity and genomic stability. Indeed, an increased rate of unrepaired DNA damage is considered to be one of the 'hallmarks' of aging. Over the last two decades our appreciation of the complexity of GPCR signaling systems has expanded their functional signaling repertoire. One such example of this is the incipient role of GPCRs and GPCR-interacting proteins in DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Emerging data now suggest that GPCRs could function as stress sensors for intracellular damage, e.g., oxidative stress. Given this role of GPCRs in the DNA damage response process, coupled to the effective history of drug targeting of these receptors, this suggests that one important future activity of GPCR therapeutics is the rational control of DNA damage repair systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Leysen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jaana van Gastel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jhana O Hendrickx
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Paula Santos-Otte
- Institute of Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bronwen Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
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73
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Petrasek T, Vojtechova I, Lobellova V, Popelikova A, Janikova M, Brozka H, Houdek P, Sladek M, Sumova A, Kristofikova Z, Vales K, Stuchlík A. The McGill Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease Displays Cognitive and Motor Impairments, Changes in Anxiety and Social Behavior, and Altered Circadian Activity. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:250. [PMID: 30210330 PMCID: PMC6121039 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rat is an animal model of the familial form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This model mirrors several neuropathological hallmarks of the disease, including the accumulation of beta-amyloid and the formation of amyloid plaques (in homozygous animals only), neuroinflammation and the gradual deterioration of cognitive functions even prior to plaque formation, although it lacks the tauopathy observed in human victims of AD. The goal of the present study was a thorough characterization of the homozygous model with emphasis on its face validity in several domains of behavior known to be affected in AD patients, including cognitive functions, motor coordination, emotionality, sociability, and circadian activity patterns. On the behavioral level, we found normal locomotor activity in spontaneous exploration, but problems with balance and gait coordination, increased anxiety and severely impaired spatial cognition in 4–7 month old homozygous animals. The profile of social behavior and ultrasonic communication was altered in the McGill rats, without a general social withdrawal. McGill rats also exhibited changes in circadian profile, with a shorter free-running period and increased total activity during the subjective night, without signs of sleep disturbances during the inactive phase. Expression of circadian clock gene Bmal1 was found to be increased in the parietal cortex and cerebellum, while Nr1d1 expression was not changed. The clock-controlled gene Prok2 expression was found to be elevated in the parietal cortex and hippocampus, which might have contributed to the observed changes in circadian phenotype. We conclude that the phenotype in the McGill rat model is not restricted to the cognitive domain, but also includes gait problems, changes in emotionality, social behavior, and circadian profiles. Our findings show that the model should be useful for the development of new therapeutic approaches targeting not only memory decline but also other symptoms decreasing the quality of life of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Petrasek
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Iveta Vojtechova
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Veronika Lobellova
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Anna Popelikova
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martina Janikova
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Hana Brozka
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Houdek
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Sladek
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Alena Sumova
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Karel Vales
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Ales Stuchlík
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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74
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Matos HDC, Koike BDV, Pereira WDS, de Andrade TG, Castro OW, Duzzioni M, Kodali M, Leite JP, Shetty AK, Gitaí DLG. Rhythms of Core Clock Genes and Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in Post- Status Epilepticus Model of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Front Neurol 2018; 9:632. [PMID: 30116220 PMCID: PMC6082935 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (mTLE) with the circadian system control is apparent from an oscillatory pattern of limbic seizures, daytime's effect on seizure onset and the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs. Moreover, seizures per se can interfere with the biological rhythm output, including circadian oscillation of body temperature, locomotor activity, EEG pattern as well as the transcriptome. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this cross-talk remain unclear. In this study, we systematically evaluated the temporal expression of seven core circadian transcripts (Bmal1, Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, Per2, and Per3) and the spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) in post-status epilepticus (SE) model of mTLE. Twenty-four hour oscillating SLA remained intact in post-SE groups although the circadian phase and the amount and intensity of activity were changed in early post-SE and epileptic phases. The acrophase of the SLA rhythm was delayed during epileptogenesis, a fragmented 24 h rhythmicity and extended active phase length appeared in the epileptic phase. The temporal expression of circadian transcripts Bmal1, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, Per2, and Per3 was also substantially altered. The oscillatory expression of Bmal1 was maintained in rats imperiled to SE, but with lower amplitude (A = 0.2) and an advanced acrophase in the epileptic phase. The diurnal rhythm of Cry1 and Cry2 was absent in the early post-SE but was recovered in the epileptic phase. Per1 and Per2 rhythmic expression were disrupted in post-SE groups while Per3 presented an arrhythmic profile in the epileptic phase, only. The expression of Clock did not display rhythmic pattern in any condition. These oscillating patterns of core clock genes may contribute to hippocampal 24 h cycling and, consequently to seizure periodicity. Furthermore, by using a pool of samples collected at 6 different Zeitgeber Times (ZT), we found that all clock transcripts were significantly dysregulated after SE induction, except Per3 and Per2. Collectively, altered SLA rhythm in early post-SE and epileptic phases implies a possible role for seizure as a nonphotic cue, which is likely linked to activation of hippocampal–accumbens pathway. On the other hand, altered temporal expression of the clock genes after SE suggests their involvement in the MTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa de Carvalho Matos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | - Wanessa Dos Santos Pereira
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Tiago G de Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Chronobiology, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Olagide W Castro
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Maheedhar Kodali
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Joao P Leite
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Gitaí
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.,Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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75
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Circadian Rhythm and Alzheimer's Disease. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6030052. [PMID: 29933646 PMCID: PMC6164904 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a growing epidemiological importance characterized by significant disease burden. Sleep-related pathological symptomatology often accompanies AD. The etiology and pathogenesis of disrupted circadian rhythm and AD share common factors, which also opens the perspective of viewing them as a mutually dependent process. This article focuses on the bi-directional relationship between these processes, discussing the pathophysiological links and clinical aspects. Common mechanisms linking both processes include neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and circadian rhythm desynchronization. Timely recognition of sleep-specific symptoms as components of AD could lead to an earlier and correct diagnosis with an opportunity of offering treatments at an earlier stage. Likewise, proper sleep hygiene and related treatments ought to be one of the priorities in the management of the patient population affected by AD. This narrative review brings a comprehensive approach to clearly demonstrate the underlying complexities linking AD and circadian rhythm disruption. Most clinical data are based on interventions including melatonin, but larger-scale research is still scarce. Following a pathophysiological reasoning backed by evidence gained from AD models, novel anti-inflammatory treatments and those targeting metabolic alterations in AD might prove useful for normalizing a disrupted circadian rhythm. By restoring it, benefits would be conferred for immunological, metabolic, and behavioral function in an affected individual. On the other hand, a balanced circadian rhythm should provide greater resilience to AD pathogenesis.
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76
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Draijer S, Chaves I, Hoekman MFM. The circadian clock in adult neural stem cell maintenance. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 173:41-53. [PMID: 29886147 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells persist in the adult central nervous system as a continuing source of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons. Various signalling pathways and transcription factors actively maintain this population by regulating cell cycle entry and exit. Similarly, the circadian clock is interconnected with the cell cycle and actively maintains stem cell populations in various tissues. Here, we discuss emerging evidence for an important role of the circadian clock in neural stem cell maintenance. We propose that the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 exerts control over the circadian clock in adult neural stem cell function to limit exhaustion of their population. Conversely, disruption of the circadian clock may compromise neural stem cell quiescence resulting in a premature decline of the neural stem cell population. As such, energy metabolism and the circadian clock converge in adult neural stem cell maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swip Draijer
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inês Chaves
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco F M Hoekman
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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77
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Maiese K. Moving to the Rhythm with Clock (Circadian) Genes, Autophagy, mTOR, and SIRT1 in Degenerative Disease and Cancer. Curr Neurovasc Res 2018; 14:299-304. [PMID: 28721811 DOI: 10.2174/1567202614666170718092010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian circadian clock and its associated clock genes are increasingly been recognized as critical components for a number of physiological and disease processes that extend beyond hormone release, thermal regulation, and sleep-wake cycles. New evidence suggests that clinical behavior disruptions that involve prolonged shift work and even space travel may negatively impact circadian rhythm and lead to multi-system disease. METHODS In light of the significant role circadian rhythm can hold over the body's normal physiology as well as disease processes, we examined and discussed the impact circadian rhythm and clock genes hold over lifespan, neurodegenerative disorders, and tumorigenesis. RESULTS In experimental models, lifespan is significantly reduced with the introduction of arrhythmic mutants and leads to an increase in oxidative stress exposure. Interestingly, patients with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease may suffer disease onset or progression as a result of alterations in the DNA methylation of clock genes as well as prolonged pharmacological treatment for these disorders that may lead to impairment of circadian rhythm function. Tumorigenesis also can occur with the loss of a maintained circadian rhythm and lead to an increased risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer, and metastatic colorectal cancer. Interestingly, the circadian clock system relies upon the regulation of the critical pathways of autophagy, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) as well as proliferative mechanisms that involve the wingless pathway of Wnt/β-catenin pathway to foster cell survival during injury and block tumor cell growth. CONCLUSION Future targeting of the pathways of autophagy, mTOR, SIRT1, and Wnt that control mammalian circadian rhythm may hold the key for the development of novel and effective therapies against aging- related disorders, neurodegenerative disease, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, NY. United States
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78
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Morley WA. Environmental Subconcussive Injury, Axonal Injury, and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Front Neurol 2018; 9:166. [PMID: 29636723 PMCID: PMC5880887 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain injury occurs in two phases: the initial injury itself and a secondary cascade of precise immune-based neurochemical events. The secondary phase is typically functional in nature and characterized by delayed axonal injury with more axonal disconnections occurring than in the initial phase. Axonal injury occurs across the spectrum of disease severity, with subconcussive injury, especially when repetitive, now considered capable of producing significant neurological damage consistent with axonal injury seen in clinically evident concussion, despite no observable symptoms. This review is the first to introduce the concept of environmental subconcussive injury (ESCI) and sets out how secondary brain damage from ESCI once past the juncture of microglial activation appears to follow the same neuron-damaging pathway as secondary brain damage from conventional brain injury. The immune response associated with ESCI is strikingly similar to that mounted after conventional concussion. Specifically, microglial activation is followed closely by glutamate and calcium flux, excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial dysfunction and energy crisis. ESCI damage also occurs in two phases, with the primary damage coming from microbiome injury (due to microbiome-altering events) and secondary damage (axonal injury) from progressive secondary neurochemical events. The concept of ESCI and the underlying mechanisms have profound implications for the understanding of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) etiology because it has previously been suggested that repetitive axonal injury may be the primary CTE pathogenesis in susceptible individuals and it is best correlated with lifetime brain trauma load. Taken together, it appears that susceptibility to brain injury and downstream neurodegenerative diseases, such as CTE, can be conceptualized as a continuum of brain resilience. At one end is optimal resilience, capable of launching effective responses to injury with spontaneous recovery, and at the other end is diminished resilience with a compromised ability to respond and/or heal appropriately. Modulating factors such as one's total cumulative and synergistic brain trauma load, bioavailability of key nutrients needed for proper functioning of restorative metabolic pathways (specifically those involved in the deactivation and clearance of metabolic by-products of brain injury) are key to ultimately determining one's brain resilience.
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79
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Sleep quality is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol Belg 2018; 118:85-91. [PMID: 29210000 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-017-0868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are very common in Parkinson's disease (PD), being associated with several other conditions, mainly psychiatric disorders. The present study was designed to assess sleep quality in Brazilian patients with PD and to evaluate whether sleep changes are associated with clinical variables, especially neuropsychiatric symptoms in PD. Patients diagnosed with PD were subjected to a comprehensive clinical evaluation that included the assessment of motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. Our study showed that sleep complaints are frequent in PD and worse sleep quality is associated with depressive and anxious symptoms, poorer cognitive performance and greater severity of PD symptoms. In the multivariate analysis, older age, greater severity of anxiety and PD remained as significant predictors of worse sleep quality. In conclusion, sleep complaints, depressive and anxiety symptoms are frequent in PD patients. Older age, disease severity and anxiety symptoms are significant predictors of poorer sleep quality in PD patients.
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80
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Hood S, Amir S. Biological Clocks and Rhythms of Anger and Aggression. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:4. [PMID: 29410618 PMCID: PMC5787107 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The body’s internal timekeeping system is an under-recognized but highly influential force in behaviors and emotions including anger and reactive aggression. Predictable cycles or rhythms in behavior are expressed on several different time scales such as circadian (circa diem, or approximately 24-h rhythms) and infradian (exceeding 24 h, such as monthly or seasonal cycles). The circadian timekeeping system underlying rhythmic behaviors in mammals is constituted by a network of clocks distributed throughout the brain and body, the activity of which synchronizes to a central pacemaker, or master clock. Our daily experiences with the external environment including social activity strongly influence the exact timing of this network. In the present review, we examine evidence from a number of species and propose that anger and reactive aggression interact in multiple ways with circadian clocks. Specifically, we argue that: (i) there are predictable rhythms in the expression of aggression and anger; (ii) disruptions of the normal functioning of the circadian system increase the likelihood of aggressive behaviors; and (iii) conversely, chronic expression of anger can disrupt normal rhythmic cycles of physiological activities and create conditions for pathologies such as cardiovascular disease to develop. Taken together, these observations suggest that a comprehensive perspective on anger and reactive aggression must incorporate an understanding of the role of the circadian timing system in these intense affective states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Hood
- Department of Psychology, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Shimon Amir
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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81
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Maiese K. Novel Treatment Strategies for the Nervous System: Circadian Clock Genes, Non-coding RNAs, and Forkhead Transcription Factors. Curr Neurovasc Res 2018; 15:81-91. [PMID: 29557749 PMCID: PMC6021214 DOI: 10.2174/1567202615666180319151244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the global increase in lifespan expectancy, neurodegenerative disorders continue to affect an ever-increasing number of individuals throughout the world. New treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases are desperately required given the lack of current treatment modalities. METHODS Here, we examine novel strategies for neurodegenerative disorders that include circadian clock genes, non-coding Ribonucleic Acids (RNAs), and the mammalian forkhead transcription factors of the O class (FoxOs). RESULTS Circadian clock genes, non-coding RNAs, and FoxOs offer exciting prospects to potentially limit or remove the significant disability and death associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Each of these pathways has an intimate relationship with the programmed death pathways of autophagy and apoptosis and share a common link to the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Circadian clock genes are necessary to modulate autophagy, limit cognitive loss, and prevent neuronal injury. Non-coding RNAs can control neuronal stem cell development and neuronal differentiation and offer protection against vascular disease such as atherosclerosis. FoxOs provide exciting prospects to block neuronal apoptotic death and to activate pathways of autophagy to remove toxic accumulations in neurons that can lead to neurodegenerative disorders. CONCLUSION Continued work with circadian clock genes, non-coding RNAs, and FoxOs can offer new prospects and hope for the development of vital strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. These innovative investigative avenues have the potential to significantly limit disability and death from these devastating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101
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82
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Yakovleva OV, Poluektov MG, Levin OS, Lyashenko EA. Sleep and wakefulness disorders in neurodegenerative diseases. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:83-91. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20181184283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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83
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Qi G, Mi Y, Fan R, Zhao B, Ren B, Liu X. Tea polyphenols ameliorates neural redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction via mechanisms linking the key circadian regular Bmal1. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:189-199. [PMID: 29061316 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are autonomous anticipatory oscillators that control a large array of physiological and metabolic processes. Compelling evidence points toward an interplay between circadian rhythms and cellular redox metabolism. Dysregulation of circadian rhythms is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and accelerated aging. Tea polyphenols (TP) is one of the most used antioxidants and exerts beneficial effect on neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate whether circadian clock mechanisms are involved in the protection effect of TP against neural redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells. In the current study, our results revealed that TP, as a Bmal1-enhancing natural compound, can reverse the relatively shallow daily oscillations of circadian clock genes transcription and protein expression in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells under oxidative stress conditions. Furthermore, TP pretreatment significantly ameliorated H2O2-elicited mitochondria impairment via manipulating mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial membrane potential, which is consistent with the recovery in expression of mitochondrial respiration complex I-IV in Bmal1-dependent efficiency. Furthermore, Bmal1 is involved in TP-stimulated Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 and AKT/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. Hence, TP may serve as a nutritional preventive strategy in the recovery of oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative disease via modulating circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Qi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yashi Mi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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84
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Magnavita N, Garbarino S. Sleep, Health and Wellness at Work: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1347. [PMID: 29113118 PMCID: PMC5707986 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Many occupational factors may interfere with sleep. Sleep disturbances can, in turn, endanger the health and safety of workers. This rapid review of the literature identifies the main factors that alter the quantity and quality of sleep, indicates the effects these alterations have on the wellbeing of workers and suggests some health promotion measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Magnavita
- Occupational Health Unit, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal/Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School in Occupational Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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85
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Stankiewicz AJ, McGowan EM, Yu L, Zhdanova IV. Impaired Sleep, Circadian Rhythms and Neurogenesis in Diet-Induced Premature Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2243. [PMID: 29072584 PMCID: PMC5713213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic high caloric intake (HCI) is a risk factor for multiple major human disorders, from diabetes to neurodegeneration. Mounting evidence suggests a significant contribution of circadian misalignment and sleep alterations to this phenomenon. An inverse temporal relationship between sleep, activity, food intake, and clock mechanisms in nocturnal and diurnal animals suggests that a search for effective therapeutic approaches can benefit from the use of diurnal animal models. Here, we show that, similar to normal aging, HCI leads to the reduction in daily amplitude of expression for core clock genes, a decline in sleep duration, an increase in scoliosis, and anxiety-like behavior. A remarkable decline in adult neurogenesis in 1-year old HCI animals, amounting to only 21% of that in age-matched Control, exceeds age-dependent decline observed in normal 3-year old zebrafish. This is associated with misalignment or reduced amplitude of daily patterns for principal cell cycle regulators, cyclins A and B, and p20, in brain tissue. Together, these data establish HCI in zebrafish as a model for metabolically induced premature aging of sleep, circadian functions, and adult neurogenesis, allowing for a high throughput approach to mechanistic studies and drug trials in a diurnal vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Stankiewicz
- Department of Preclinical Research and Development, BioChron LLC, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Erin M McGowan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Preclinical Research and Development, BioChron LLC, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Irina V Zhdanova
- Department of Preclinical Research and Development, BioChron LLC, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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