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Huybrechts M, Hendrix S, Kyndt T, Demeestere K, Vandamme D, Cuypers A. Short-term effects of cadmium on leaf growth and nutrient transport in rice plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111054. [PMID: 34763852 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of rice grains contaminated with high concentrations of cadmium (Cd) can cause serious long-term health problems. Moreover, even low Cd concentrations present in the soil can result in the abatement of plant performance, leading to lower grain yield. Studies examining the molecular basis of plant defense against Cd-induced oxidative stress could pave the way in creating superior rice varieties that display an optimal antioxidative defense system to cope with Cd toxicity. In this study, we showed that after one day of Cd exposure, hydroponically grown rice plants exhibited adverse shoot biomass and leaf growth effects. Cadmium accumulates especially in the roots and the leaf meristematic region, leading to a disturbance of manganese homeostasis in both the roots and leaves. The leaf growth zone showed an increased amount of lipid peroxidation indicating that Cd exposure disturbed the oxidative balance. We propose that an increased expression of genes related to the glutathione metabolism such as glutathione synthetase 2, glutathione reductase and phytochelatin synthase 2, rather than genes encoding for antioxidant enzymes, is important in combating early Cd toxicity within the leaves of rice plants. Furthermore, the upregulation of two RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG genes together with a Cd concentration-dependent increase of abscisic acid might cause stomatal closure or cell wall modification, potentially leading to the observed leaf growth reduction. Whereas abscisic acid was also elevated at long term exposure, a decrease of the growth hormone auxin might further contribute to growth inhibition and concomitantly, an increase in salicylic acid might stimulate the activity of antioxidative enzymes after a longer period of Cd exposure. In conclusion, a clear interplay between phytohormones and the oxidative challenge affect plant growth and acclimation during exposure to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Huybrechts
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hendrix
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Research Group EnVOC, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dries Vandamme
- Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Hunt L, Fuksa M, Klem K, Lhotáková Z, Oravec M, Urban O, Albrechtová J. Barley Genotypes Vary in Stomatal Responsiveness to Light and CO 2 Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112533. [PMID: 34834896 PMCID: PMC8625854 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Changes in stomatal conductance and density allow plants to acclimate to changing environmental conditions. In the present paper, the influence of atmospheric CO2 concentration and light intensity on stomata were investigated for two barley genotypes-Barke and Bojos, differing in their sensitivity to oxidative stress and phenolic acid profiles. A novel approach for stomatal density analysis was used-a pair of convolution neural networks were developed to automatically identify and count stomata on epidermal micrographs. Stomatal density in barley was influenced by genotype, as well as by light and CO2 conditions. Low CO2 conditions resulted in increased stomatal density, although differences between ambient and elevated CO2 were not significant. High light intensity increased stomatal density compared to low light intensity in both barley varieties and all CO2 treatments. Changes in stomatal conductance were also measured alongside the accumulation of pentoses, hexoses, disaccharides, and abscisic acid detected by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. High light increased the accumulation of all sugars and reduced abscisic acid levels. Abscisic acid was influenced by all factors-light, CO2, and genotype-in combination. Differences were discovered between the two barley varieties: oxidative stress sensitive Barke demonstrated higher stomatal density, but lower conductance and better water use efficiency (WUE) than oxidative stress resistant Bojos at saturating light intensity. Barke also showed greater variability between treatments in measurements of stomatal density, sugar accumulation, and abscisic levels, implying that it may be more responsive to environmental drivers influencing water relations in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hunt
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 12844 Praha, Czech Republic; (L.H.); (M.F.); (Z.L.)
| | - Michal Fuksa
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 12844 Praha, Czech Republic; (L.H.); (M.F.); (Z.L.)
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (M.O.); (O.U.)
| | - Zuzana Lhotáková
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 12844 Praha, Czech Republic; (L.H.); (M.F.); (Z.L.)
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (M.O.); (O.U.)
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (M.O.); (O.U.)
| | - Jana Albrechtová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 12844 Praha, Czech Republic; (L.H.); (M.F.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-221-95-1959
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53
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Živanović B, Milić Komić S, Nikolić N, Mutavdžić D, Srećković T, Veljović Jovanović S, Prokić L. Differential Response of Two Tomato Genotypes, Wild Type cv. Ailsa Craig and Its ABA-Deficient Mutant flacca to Short-Termed Drought Cycles. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112308. [PMID: 34834671 PMCID: PMC8617711 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Two tomato genotypes with constitutively different ABA level, flacca mutant and wild type of Ailsa Craig cv. (WT), were subjected to three repeated drought cycles, with the aim to reveal the role of the abscisic acid (ABA) threshold in developing drought tolerance. Differential responses to drought of two genotypes were obtained: more pronounced stomatal closure, ABA biosynthesis and proline accumulation in WT compared to the mutant were compensated by dry weight accumulation accompanied by transient redox disbalance in flacca. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis of isolated cell wall material and morphological parameter measurements on tomato leaves indicated changes in dry weight accumulation and carbon re-allocation to cell wall constituents in flacca, but not in WT. A higher proportion of cellulose, pectin and lignin in isolated cell walls from flacca leaves further increased with repeated drought cycles. Different ABA-dependent stomatal closure between drought cycles implies that acquisition of stomatal sensitivity may be a part of stress memory mechanism developed under given conditions. The regulatory role of ABA in the cell wall restructuring and growth regulation under low leaf potential was discussed with emphasis on the beneficial effects of drought priming in developing differential defense strategies against drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Živanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.Ž.); (S.M.K.); (N.N.); (D.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Sonja Milić Komić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.Ž.); (S.M.K.); (N.N.); (D.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Nenad Nikolić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.Ž.); (S.M.K.); (N.N.); (D.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Dragosav Mutavdžić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.Ž.); (S.M.K.); (N.N.); (D.M.); (T.S.)
- Center for Green Technologies, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Srećković
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.Ž.); (S.M.K.); (N.N.); (D.M.); (T.S.)
- Center for Green Technologies, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Veljović Jovanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.Ž.); (S.M.K.); (N.N.); (D.M.); (T.S.)
- Center for Green Technologies, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (S.V.J.); (L.P.)
| | - Ljiljana Prokić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (S.V.J.); (L.P.)
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León J, Castillo MC, Gayubas B. The hypoxia-reoxygenation stress in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5841-5856. [PMID: 33367851 PMCID: PMC8355755 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants are very plastic in adapting growth and development to changing adverse environmental conditions. This feature will be essential for plants to survive climate changes characterized by extreme temperatures and rainfall. Although plants require molecular oxygen (O2) to live, they can overcome transient low-O2 conditions (hypoxia) until return to standard 21% O2 atmospheric conditions (normoxia). After heavy rainfall, submerged plants in flooded lands undergo transient hypoxia until water recedes and normoxia is recovered. The accumulated information on the physiological and molecular events occurring during the hypoxia phase contrasts with the limited knowledge on the reoxygenation process after hypoxia, which has often been overlooked in many studies in plants. Phenotypic alterations during recovery are due to potentiated oxidative stress generated by simultaneous reoxygenation and reillumination leading to cell damage. Besides processes such as N-degron proteolytic pathway-mediated O2 sensing, or mitochondria-driven metabolic alterations, other molecular events controlling gene expression have been recently proposed as key regulators of hypoxia and reoxygenation. RNA regulatory functions, chromatin remodeling, protein synthesis, and post-translational modifications must all be studied in depth in the coming years to improve our knowledge on hypoxia-reoxygenation transition in plants, a topic with relevance in agricultural biotechnology in the context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- José León
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mari Cruz Castillo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gayubas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
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Wang M, Guo W, Li J, Pan X, Pan L, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Cai S, Huang X, Wang A, Liu Q. The miR528- AO Module Confers Enhanced Salt Tolerance in Rice by Modulating the Ascorbic Acid and Abscisic Acid Metabolism and ROS Scavenging. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8634-8648. [PMID: 34339211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The monocot lineage-specific miR528 was previously established as a multistress regulator. However, it remains largely unclear how miR528 participates in response to salinity stress in rice. Here, we show that miR528 positively regulates rice salt tolerance by down-regulating a gene encoding l-ascorbate oxidase (AO), thereby bolstering up the AO-mediated abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis and ROS scavenging. Overexpression of miR528 caused a substantial increase in ascorbic acid (AsA) and ABA contents but a significant reduction in ROS accumulation, resulting in the enhanced salt tolerance of rice plants. Conversely, knockdown of miR528 or overexpression of AO stimulated the expression of the AO gene, hence lowering the level of AsA, a critical antioxidant that promotes the ABA content but reduces the ROS level, and then compromising rice tolerance to salinity. Together, the findings reveal a novel mechanism of the miR528-AO module-mediated salt tolerance by modulating the processes of AsA and ABA metabolism as well as ROS detoxification, which adds a new regulatory role to the miR528-AO stress defense pathway in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Guo
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjian Pan
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Lihao Pan
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Shitian Cai
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Xia Huang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - An Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Qingpo Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
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Shabala S, Alnayef M, Bose J, Chen ZH, Venkataraman G, Zhou M, Shabala L, Yu M. Revealing the Role of the Calcineurin B-Like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase 9 (CIPK9) in Rice Adaptive Responses to Salinity, Osmotic Stress, and K + Deficiency. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081513. [PMID: 34451561 PMCID: PMC8399971 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In plants, calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins and their interacting protein kinases (CIPK) form functional complexes that transduce downstream signals to membrane effectors assisting in their adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. This study addresses the issue of the physiological role of CIPK9 in adaptive responses to salinity, osmotic stress, and K+ deficiency in rice plants. Whole-plant physiological studies revealed that Oscipk9 rice mutant lacks a functional CIPK9 gene and displayed a mildly stronger phenotype, both under saline and osmotic stress conditions. The reported difference was attributed to the ability of Oscipk9 to maintain significantly higher stomatal conductance (thus, a greater carbon gain). Oscipk9 plants contained much less K+ in their tissues, implying the role of CIPK9 in K+ acquisition and homeostasis in rice. Oscipk9 roots also showed hypersensitivity to ROS under conditions of low K+ availability suggesting an important role of H2O2 signalling as a component of plant adaptive responses to a low-K environment. The likely mechanistic basis of above physiological responses is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (M.A.); (M.Z.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Alnayef
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (M.A.); (M.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Jayakumar Bose
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia;
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
| | - Gayatri Venkataraman
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai 600113, India;
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (M.A.); (M.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (M.A.); (M.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.Y.)
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57
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Hasan MM, Rahman MA, Skalicky M, Alabdallah NM, Waseem M, Jahan MS, Ahammed GJ, El-Mogy MM, El-Yazied AA, Ibrahim MFM, Fang XW. Ozone Induced Stomatal Regulations, MAPK and Phytohormone Signaling in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126304. [PMID: 34208343 PMCID: PMC8231235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is a gaseous environmental pollutant that can enter leaves through stomatal pores and cause damage to foliage. It can induce oxidative stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that can actively participate in stomatal closing or opening in plants. A number of phytohormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) are involved in stomatal regulation in plants. The effects of ozone on these phytohormones’ ability to regulate the guard cells of stomata have been little studied, however, and the goal of this paper is to explore and understand the effects of ozone on stomatal regulation through guard cell signaling by phytohormones. In this review, we updated the existing knowledge by considering several physiological mechanisms related to stomatal regulation after response to ozone. The collected information should deepen our understanding of the molecular pathways associated with response to ozone stress, in particular, how it influences stomatal regulation, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, and phytohormone signaling. After summarizing the findings and noting the gaps in the literature, we present some ideas for future research on ozone stress in plants
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahadi Hasan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.M.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Md. Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 383, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.M.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
- Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Mohamed M. El-Mogy
- Vegetable Crop Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Abou El-Yazied
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Xiang-Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.M.H.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence:
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58
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Siodmak A, Hirt H. Stomatal regulation: Role of H 2S-induced persulfidation in ABA signaling. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:858-860. [PMID: 33845207 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Siodmak
- DARWIN21, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heribert Hirt
- DARWIN21, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia; Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohrgasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
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59
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Elucidating the Response of Crop Plants towards Individual, Combined and Sequentially Occurring Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [PMID: 34204152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially, thereby driving vegetation dynamics and limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants' responses against these combined and sequential stresses clearly differ from that triggered by an individual stress. Until now, experimental studies were mainly focused on plant responses to individual stress, but have overlooked the complex stress response generated in plants against combined or sequential abiotic stresses, as well as their interaction with each other. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the combined and sequential abiotic stresses overlap with respect to the central nodes of their interacting signaling pathways, and their impact cannot be modelled by swimming in an individual extreme event. Taken together, deciphering the regulatory networks operative between various abiotic stresses in agronomically important crops will contribute towards designing strategies for the development of plants with tolerance to multiple stress combinations. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in the interactive effects of combined and sequentially occurring stresses on crop plants. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms in untangling the combined stress tolerance in plants, and may also provide a promising venue for agronomists, physiologists, as well as molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali 140306, India
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60
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Elucidating the Response of Crop Plants towards Individual, Combined and Sequentially Occurring Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6119. [PMID: 34204152 PMCID: PMC8201344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially, thereby driving vegetation dynamics and limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants' responses against these combined and sequential stresses clearly differ from that triggered by an individual stress. Until now, experimental studies were mainly focused on plant responses to individual stress, but have overlooked the complex stress response generated in plants against combined or sequential abiotic stresses, as well as their interaction with each other. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the combined and sequential abiotic stresses overlap with respect to the central nodes of their interacting signaling pathways, and their impact cannot be modelled by swimming in an individual extreme event. Taken together, deciphering the regulatory networks operative between various abiotic stresses in agronomically important crops will contribute towards designing strategies for the development of plants with tolerance to multiple stress combinations. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in the interactive effects of combined and sequentially occurring stresses on crop plants. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms in untangling the combined stress tolerance in plants, and may also provide a promising venue for agronomists, physiologists, as well as molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Sneh L. Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali 140306, India
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61
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Autophagy in Plant Abiotic Stress Management. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084075. [PMID: 33920817 PMCID: PMC8071135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants can be considered an open system. Throughout their life cycle, plants need to exchange material, energy and information with the outside world. To improve their survival and complete their life cycle, plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis during development and in response to environmental changes. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved self-degradative process that occurs ubiquitously in all eukaryotic cells and plays many physiological roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that autophagy can be induced not only by starvation but also as a cellular response to various abiotic stresses, including oxidative, salt, drought, cold and heat stresses. This review focuses mainly on the role of autophagy in plant abiotic stress management.
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Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment Influences Shoot Biomass, Flower Production and Nutrition of Gerbera Plants Depending on Substrate Composition and Fertigation Level. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040689. [PMID: 33918488 PMCID: PMC8067256 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma (NTP) appears a promising strategy for supporting crop protection, increasing yield and quality, and promoting environmental safety through a decrease in chemical use. However, very few NTP applications on containerized crops are reported under operational growing conditions and in combination with eco-friendly growing media and fertigation management. In this work, NTP technology is applied to the nutrient solution used for the production of gerbera plants grown in peat or green compost, as an alternative substrate to peat, and with standard or low fertilization. NTP treatment promotes fresh leaf and flower biomass production in plants grown in peat and nutrient adsorption in those grown in both substrates, except for Fe, while decreasing dry plant matter. However, it causes a decrease in the leaf and flower biomasses of plants grown in compost, showing a substrate-dependent effect under a low fertilization regime. In general, the limitation in compost was probably caused by the high-substrate alkalinization that commonly interferes with gerbera growth. Under low fertilization, a reduction in the photosynthetic capacity further penalizes plant growth in compost. A lower level of fertilization also decreases gerbera quality, highlighting that Ca, Mg, Mn, and Fe could be reduced with respect to standard fertilization.
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63
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Feng X, Yang Z, Wang X. Tissue-specific transcriptome analysis of drought stress and rehydration in Trachycarpus fortunei at seedling. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10933. [PMID: 33850641 PMCID: PMC8019532 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trachycarpus fortunei has broad economic benefits and excellent drought resistance; however, its drought response, adaptation, and recovery processes remain unclear. Methodology In this study, the response, tolerance, and recovery processes of T. fortunei leaves and roots under drought stress were determined by Illumina sequencing. Results Under drought stress, T. fortunei reduced its light-capturing ability and composition of its photosynthetic apparatus, thereby reducing photosynthesis to prevent photo-induced chloroplast reactive oxygen damage during dehydration. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis process in the roots was suppressed, DHNs, LEA, Annexin D2, NAC, and other genes, which may play important roles in protecting the cell membrane’s permeability in T. fortunei root tissues. During the rehydration phase, fatty acid biosynthesis in T. fortunei roots was repressed. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) screened modules that were positively or negatively correlated with physiological traits. The real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated the reliability of the transcriptomic data. Conclusion These findings provide valuable information for identifying important components in the T. fortunei drought signaling network and enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which T. fortunei responds to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Feng
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China.,Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China.,Key laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China.,Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China.,Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China.,Key laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China.,Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Huaxi, China
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64
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Seifert GJ. The FLA4-FEI Pathway: A Unique and Mysterious Signaling Module Related to Cell Wall Structure and Stress Signaling. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020145. [PMID: 33499195 PMCID: PMC7912651 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell wall integrity control in plants involves multiple signaling modules that are mostly defined by genetic interactions. The putative co-receptors FEI1 and FEI2 and the extracellular glycoprotein FLA4 present the core components of a signaling pathway that acts in response to environmental conditions and insults to cell wall structure to modulate the balance of various growth regulators and, ultimately, to regulate the performance of the primary cell wall. Although the previously established genetic interactions are presently not matched by intermolecular binding studies, numerous receptor-like molecules that were identified in genome-wide interaction studies potentially contribute to the signaling machinery around the FLA4-FEI core. Apart from its function throughout the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana for the homeostasis of growth and stress responses, the FLA4-FEI pathway might support important agronomic traits in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg J Seifert
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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65
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Shah FA, Ni J, Yao Y, Hu H, Wei R, Wu L. Overexpression of Karrikins Receptor Gene Sapium sebiferum KAI2 Promotes the Cold Stress Tolerance via Regulating the Redox Homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:657960. [PMID: 34335642 PMCID: PMC8320022 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
KARRIKINS INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) is the receptor gene for karrikins, recently found to be involved in seed germination, hypocotyl development, and the alleviation of salinity and osmotic stresses. Nevertheless, whether KAI2 could regulate cold tolerance remains elusive. In the present study, we identified that Arabidopsis mutants of KAI2 had a high mortality rate, while overexpression of, a bioenergy plant, Sapium sebiferum KAI2 (SsKAI2) significantly recovered the plants after cold stress. The results showed that the SsKAI2 overexpression lines (OEs) had significantly increased levels of proline, total soluble sugars, and total soluble protein. Meanwhile, SsKAI2 OEs had a much higher expression of cold-stress-acclimation-relate genes, such as Cold Shock Proteins and C-REPEAT BINDING FACTORS under cold stress. Moreover, the results showed that SsKAI2 OEs were hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA), and ABA signaling genes were w significantly affected in SsKAI2 OEs under cold stress, suggesting a potential interaction between SsKAI2 and ABA downstream signaling. In SsKAI2 OEs, the electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde contents were reduced under cold stress in Arabidopsis. SsKAI2 OEs enhanced the anti-oxidants like ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and total glutathione level under cold stress. Conclusively, these results provide novel insights into the understanding of karrikins role in the regulation of cold stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Afzal Shah
- Key Laboratory of the High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Key Laboratory of the High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of the High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory of the High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Ruyue Wei
- Key Laboratory of the High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Key Laboratory of the High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Taihe Experimental Station, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taihe, China
- *Correspondence: Lifang Wu,
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66
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Zhai K, Zhao G, Jiang H, Sun C, Ren J. Overexpression of Maize ZmMYB59 Gene Plays a Negative Regulatory Role in Seed Germination in Nicotiana tabacum and Oryza sativa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:564665. [PMID: 33013985 PMCID: PMC7516257 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.564665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are involved in many biological processes, including metabolism, stress response and plant development. In our previous work, ZmMYB59 was down-regulated by deep sowing during maize seed germination. However, there are few reports on seed germination regulated by MYB proteins. In this study, to examine its functions during seed germination, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was exploited to generate ZmMYB59 overexpression (OE) tobacco and rice. In T2 generation transgenic tobacco, germination rate, germination index, vigor index and hypocotyl length were significantly decreased by 25.0-50.9, 34.5-54.4, 57.5-88.3, and 21.9-31.3% compared to wild-type (WT) lines. In T2 generation transgenic rice, above corresponding parameters were notably reduced by 39.1-53.8, 51.4-71.4, 52.5-74.0, and 28.3-41.5%, respectively. On this basis, antioxidant capacity and endogenous hormones were determined. The activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase of OE lines were significantly lower than those of WT, suggesting that ZmMYB59 reduced their oxidation resistance. As well, ZmMYB59 overexpression extremely inhibited the synthesis of gibberellin A1 (GA1) and cytokinin (CTK), and promoted the synthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) concurrently. Taken together, it proposed that ZmMYB59 was a negative regulator during seed germination in tobacco and rice, which also contributes to illuminate the molecular mechanisms regulated by MYB transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Zhai
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangwu Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongye Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Sun
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Ren
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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