51
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Zong J, Jiang J, Shi P, Liu J, Wang W, Li B, Zhao T, Pan T, Zhang Z, Bi L, Diao Y, Wang S. Fatty acid extracts facilitate cutaneous wound healing through activating AKT, ERK, and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling and promoting angiogenesis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:478-492. [PMID: 32194897 PMCID: PMC7061832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are potential therapeutic agents for cutaneous wound healing; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect have not been clearly defined. In this study, we extracted and characterized FAs from dried Lucilia sericata larvae and investigated the molecular basis by which FAs promote cutaneous wound healing. We first confirmed that FA sodium salts (FASSs) stimulated proliferation, migration, and tube formation of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner. We then showed that FASSs promoted endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which plays an important role in stabilizing the neovasculature during angiogenesis. Mechanistically, FASSs up-regulated the expression of angiogenesis-related growth factors, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and activated angiogenesis-related signaling pathways, AKT, ERK, and TGF-β/Smad3. In a rat acute cutaneous-wound model, FAs promoted wound healing. Following treatment, we further found that expression of anti-apoptosis-related factors (c-Myc and Bcl-2) was up-regulated and expression of apoptosis-related factors (p53 and Bad) was down-regulated. Our findings suggest that FAs can promote cutaneous wound healing by inducing angiogenesis, partly by activating AKT, ERK, and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044, China
| | - Weili Wang
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Structure for Molecular Biology, University of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044, China
| | - Tianda Zhao
- Department of Scientific and Technology, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044, China
| | - Taowen Pan
- Institute (College) Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Liyan Bi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Yunpeng Diao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
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52
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do Monte FA, Awad KR, Ahuja N, Kim HK, Aswath P, Brotto M, Varanasi VG. Amorphous Silicon Oxynitrophosphide-Coated Implants Boost Angiogenic Activity of Endothelial Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:15-27. [PMID: 31044666 PMCID: PMC6983748 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of osteointegration is a major cause of aseptic loosening and failure of implants used in bone replacement. Implants coated with angiogenic biomaterials can improve osteointegration and potentially reduce these complications. Silicon- and phosphorus-based materials have been shown to upregulate expression of angiogenic factors and improve endothelial cell functions. In the present study, we hypothesize that implants coated with amorphous silica-based coatings in the form of silicon oxynitrophosphide (SiONP) by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique could enhance human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenic properties in vitro. The tested groups were: glass coverslip (GCS), tissue culture plate, SiON, SiONP1 (O: 7.3 at %), and SiONP2 (O: 14.2 at %) implants. The SiONP2 composition demonstrated 3.5-fold more fibronectin deposition than the GCS (p < 0.001). The SiONP2 group also presented a significant improvement in the capillary tubule length and thickness compared with the other groups (p < 0.01). At 24 h, we observed at least a twofold upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, angiopoietin-1, and nesprin-2, more evident in the SiONP1 and SiONP2 groups. In conclusion, the studied amorphous silica-coated implants, especially the SiONP2 composition, could enhance the endothelial cell angiogenic properties in vitro and may induce faster osteointegration and healing. Impact Statement In this study, we report for the first time the significant enhancement of human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenic properties (in vitro) by the amorphous silica-based coatings in the form of silicon oxynitrophosphide (SiONP). The SiONP2 demonstrated 3.5-fold more fibronectin deposition than the glass coverslip and presented a significant improvement in the capillary tubule length and thickness. At 24 h, SiONP reported twofold upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, angiopoietin-1, and nesprin-2. The studied amorphous silica-coated implants enhance the endothelial cell angiogenic properties in vitro and may induce faster osteointegration and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A. do Monte
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kamal R. Awad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Neelam Ahuja
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Harry K.W. Kim
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Pranesh Aswath
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Venu G. Varanasi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
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53
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Helal-Neto E, de Barros AODS, Saldanha-Gama R, Brandão-Costa R, Alencar LMR, dos Santos CC, Martínez-Máñez R, Ricci-Junior E, Alexis F, Morandi V, Barja-Fidalgo C, Santos-Oliveira R. Molecular and Cellular Risk Assessment of Healthy Human Cells and Cancer Human Cells Exposed to Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010230. [PMID: 31905708 PMCID: PMC6981945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodrugs have in recent years been a subject of great debate. In 2017 alone, almost 50 nanodrugs were approved for clinical use worldwide. Despite the advantages related to nanodrugs/nanomedicine, there is still a lack of information regarding the biological safety, as the real behavior of these nanodrugs in the body. In order to better understand these aspects, in this study, we evaluated the effect of polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) and magnetic core mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MMSN), of 1000 nm and 50 nm, respectively, on human cells. In this direction we evaluated the cell cycle, cytochemistry, proliferation and tubulogenesis on tumor cells lines: from melanoma (MV3), breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA-MB-213), glioma (U373MG), prostate (PC3), gastric (AGS) and colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and non-tumor cell lines: from human melanocyte (NGM), fibroblast (FGH) and endothelial (HUVEC), respectively. The data showed that an acute exposure to both, polymeric nanoparticles or MMSN, did not show any relevant toxic effects on neither tumor cells nor non-tumor cells, suggesting that although nanodrugs may present unrevealed aspects, under acute exposition to human cells they are harmless.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Helal-Neto
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil; (E.H.-N.); (A.O.d.S.d.B.)
| | | | - Roberta Saldanha-Gama
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ 21040900, Brazil; (R.S.-G.); (R.B.-C.); (C.B.-F.)
| | - Renata Brandão-Costa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ 21040900, Brazil; (R.S.-G.); (R.B.-C.); (C.B.-F.)
| | | | - Clenilton Costa dos Santos
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis do Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil; (L.M.R.A.); (C.C.d.S.)
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, ES 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Frank Alexis
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Verônica Morandi
- Laboratory of Biology of Endothelial Cells and Angiogenesis (LabAngio), Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ 20550-900, Brazil;
| | - Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ 21040900, Brazil; (R.S.-G.); (R.B.-C.); (C.B.-F.)
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil; (E.H.-N.); (A.O.d.S.d.B.)
- Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Zona Oeste State University, Rio de Janeiro-RJ 23070-200, Brazil
- Correspondence: or
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54
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Joris V, Gomez EL, Menchi L, Lobysheva I, Di Mauro V, Esfahani H, Condorelli G, Balligand JL, Catalucci D, Dessy C. MicroRNA-199a-3p and MicroRNA-199a-5p Take Part to a Redundant Network of Regulation of the NOS (NO Synthase)/NO Pathway in the Endothelium. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2345-2357. [PMID: 29976767 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Members of the microRNA (miR)-199a family, namely miR-199a-5p and miR-199a-3p, have been recently identified as potential regulators of cardiac homeostasis. Also, upregulation of miR-199a expression in cardiomyocytes was reported to influence endothelial cells. Whether miR-199a is expressed by endothelial cells and, if so, whether it directly regulates endothelial function remains unknown. We investigate the implication of miR-199a products on endothelial function by focusing on the NOS (nitric oxide synthase)/NO pathway. Approach and Results- Bovine aortic endothelial cells were transfected with specific miRNA inhibitors (locked-nucleic acids), and potential molecular targets identified with prediction algorithms were evaluated by Western blot or immunofluorescence. Ex vivo experiments were performed with mice treated with antagomiRs targeting miR-199a-3p or -5p. Isolated vessels and blood were used for electron paramagnetic resonance or myograph experiments. eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) activity (through phosphorylations Ser1177/Thr495) is increased by miR-199a-3p/-5p inhibition through an upregulation of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt (protein kinase B) and calcineurin pathways. SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1) and PRDX1 (peroxiredoxin 1) upregulation was also observed in locked-nucleic acid-treated cells. Moreover, miR-199a-5p controls angiogenesis and VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) production and upregulation of NO-dependent relaxation were observed in vessels from antagomiR-treated mice. This was correlated with increased circulated hemoglobin-NO levels and decreased superoxide production. Angiotensin infusion for 2 weeks also revealed an upregulation of miR-199a-3p/-5p in vascular tissues. Conclusions- Our study reveals that miR-199a-3p and miR-199a-5p participate in a redundant network of regulation of the NOS/NO pathway in the endothelium. We highlighted that inhibition of miR-199a-3p and -5p independently increases NO bioavailability by promoting eNOS activity and reducing its degradation, thereby supporting VEGF-induced endothelial tubulogenesis and modulating vessel contractile tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Joris
- From the Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (V.J., E.L.G., L.M., H.E., J.-L.B., C.D.)
| | - Elvira Leon Gomez
- From the Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (V.J., E.L.G., L.M., H.E., J.-L.B., C.D.)
| | - Lisa Menchi
- From the Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (V.J., E.L.G., L.M., H.E., J.-L.B., C.D.)
| | | | - Vittoria Di Mauro
- Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milan), Italy (V.D.M., G.C.).,Humanitas#8232, Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Milan), Italy (V.D.M., G.C., D.C.).,Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, National Research Council, Italy (V.D.M., G.C., D.C.)
| | - Hrag Esfahani
- From the Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (V.J., E.L.G., L.M., H.E., J.-L.B., C.D.)
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milan), Italy (V.D.M., G.C.).,Humanitas#8232, Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Milan), Italy (V.D.M., G.C., D.C.).,Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, National Research Council, Italy (V.D.M., G.C., D.C.)
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- From the Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (V.J., E.L.G., L.M., H.E., J.-L.B., C.D.)
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- Humanitas#8232, Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Milan), Italy (V.D.M., G.C., D.C.).,Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, National Research Council, Italy (V.D.M., G.C., D.C.)
| | - Chantal Dessy
- From the Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Experimental and Clinical Research Institute (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (V.J., E.L.G., L.M., H.E., J.-L.B., C.D.)
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Albiñana V, Giménez-Gallego G, García-Mato A, Palacios P, Recio-Poveda L, Cuesta AM, Patier JL, Botella LM. Topically Applied Etamsylate: A New Orphan Drug for HHT-Derived Epistaxis (Antiangiogenesis through FGF Pathway Inhibition). TH OPEN 2019; 3:e230-e243. [PMID: 31360828 PMCID: PMC6660472 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a vascular dysplasia characterized by recurrent and spontaneous epistaxis (nose bleeds), telangiectases on skin and mucosa, internal organ arteriovenous malformations, and dominant autosomal inheritance. Mutations in
Endoglin
and
ACVRL1
/
ALK1
, genes mainly expressed in endothelium, are responsible in 90% of the cases for the pathology. These genes are involved in the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) signaling pathway. Epistaxis remains as one of the most common symptoms impairing the quality of life of patients, becoming life-threatening in some cases. Different strategies have been used to decrease nose bleeds, among them is antiangiogenesis. The two main angiogenic pathways in endothelial cells depend on vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). The present work has used etamsylate, the diethylamine salt of the 2,5-dihydroxybenzene sulfonate anion, also known as dobesilate, as a FGF signaling inhibitor. In endothelial cells, in vitro experiments show that etamsylate acts as an antiangiogenic factor, inhibiting wound healing and matrigel tubulogenesis. Moreover, etamsylate decreases phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. A pilot clinical trial (EudraCT: 2016–003982–24) was performed with 12 HHT patients using a topical spray of etamsylate twice a day for 4 weeks. The epistaxis severity score (HHT-ESS) and other pertinent parameters were registered in the clinical trial. The significant reduction in the ESS scale, together with the lack of significant side effects, allowed the designation of topical etamsylate as a new orphan drug for epistaxis in HHT (EMA/OD/135/18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Albiñana
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Angela García-Mato
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Palacios
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Recio-Poveda
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel-M Cuesta
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Luis Patier
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal; Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa-María Botella
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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56
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Nie Y, Hu Y, Yu K, Zhang D, Shi Y, Li Y, Sun L, Qian F. Akt1 regulates pulmonary fibrosis via modulating IL-13 expression in macrophages. Innate Immun 2019; 25:451-461. [PMID: 31299858 PMCID: PMC6900639 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919861774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive interstitial pneumonia characterised by fibroblast accumulation, collagen deposition and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. It was reported that Akt1 mediated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis progression through regulating the apoptosis of alveolar macrophage, while its effect on macrophage-produced cytokines remains largely unknown. In the present study, we first examined the phosphorylation of Akt1 in lung sections from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients by immunohistochemistry before applying a bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis model using Akt1−/− mice and Akt1+/+ littermates. The results showed that Akt1 was remarkably up-regulated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients, while in vivo studies revealed that Akt1-deficient mice had well-preserved alveolar structure and fewer collagens, secreted fewer matrix components, including alpha smooth-muscle actin and fibronectin and survived significantly longer than Akt1+/+ littermates. Additionally, the pro-fibrogenic cytokine IL-13 was down-regulated at least twofold in Akt1−/−mice compared to the Akt1+/+group on d 3 and 7 after bleomycin treatment. Furthermore, it was found that Akt1–/– macrophages displayed down-regulation of IL-13 compared to Akt1+/+ macrophages in which Akt1 was phosphorylated in response to IL-33 stimulation. These findings indicate that Akt1 modulates pulmonary fibrosis through inducing IL-13 production by macrophages, suggesting that targeting Akt1 may simultaneously block the fibrogenic processes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- 1 Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, PR China
| | - Yudong Hu
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Kaikai Yu
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- 3 Research Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Yinze Shi
- 1 Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, PR China
| | - Yaolin Li
- 1 Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, PR China
| | - Lei Sun
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Feng Qian
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China.,3 Research Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, PR China
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Solis LH, Ayala Y, Portillo S, Varela-Ramirez A, Aguilera R, Boland T. Thermal inkjet bioprinting triggers the activation of the VEGF pathway in human microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Biofabrication 2019; 11:045005. [PMID: 31151129 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab25f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One biofabrication process that has gained tremendous momentum in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is cell-printing or most commonly bioprinting. We have shown that thermal inkjet bioprinted human microvascular endothelial cells were recruited or otherwise involved in the formation of microvasculature to form graft-host anastomoses upon implantation. The present study aims to quantify and characterize the expression and activation of specific cytokines and kinases in vitro. Morphological characteristics demonstrate elongated protrusions of TIB-HMVECs at 5-6 times the size of manually pipetted cells. Moreover, annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide apoptosis assay via flow cytometry demonstrated a 75% apoptosis among printed cells as compared to among control cells. Cell viability at a 3 d incubation period was significantly higher for printed cells as compared to control. Milliplex magnetic bead panels confirmed significant overexpression of HSP70, IL-1α, VEGF-A, IL-8, and FGF-1 of printed cells compared to control. In addition, a Human phospho-kinase array displayed a significant over activation of the heat-shock proteins HSP27 and HSP60 of printed cells compared to the manually seeded cells. Collectively, it is suggested that the massive appearance of capillary blood vessels upon implantation that has been reported elsewhere may be due to the activation of the HSP-NF-κB pathway to produce VEGF. This cell activation may be used as a new strategy for vascularization of tissue engineered constructs which are in high demand in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis H Solis
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States of America. Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States of America
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58
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Tramentozzi E, Finotti P. Effects of purine-scaffold inhibitors on HUVECs: Involvement of the purinergic pathway and interference with ATP. Implications for preventing the adverse effects of extracellular Grp94. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 19:100661. [PMID: 31317075 PMCID: PMC6611975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular Glucose-regulated protein94 (Grp94) is linked to pathological conditions disrupting the obligatory intracellular location of this Heat Shock Protein (HSP). In plasma, Grp94 is linked to IgG in complexes that drive adverse effects on vascular cells and are biomarker of gastro-intestinal cancer. By blocking ATP site in different HSPs, purine-scaffold inhibitors are used as promising anti-cancer compounds, but their effects on vasculature are not known. Methods We tested the capacity of two purine-scaffold inhibitors, PU-H71 and PU-WS13, to prevent the binding of Grp94 to IgG and to antagonize the effects of Grp94 and native Grp94-IgG complexes on HUVECs in different experimental conditions. Results PU-H71 and PU-WS13 blocked Grp94 and the formation of Grp94-IgG complexes in absence of cells. Instead, in presence of HUVECs rather than Grp94 PU-inhibitors targeted cells causing stimulation of Akt and VEGF pathways and displaying angiogenic-like effects similar to, although less intense than that provoked by Grp94 and Grp94-IgG complexes. Unlike Grp94 and Grp94-IgG complexes, PU-inhibitors also activated the purinergic pathway and increased the expression of the ATP receptor P2X7. Effects of PU-inhibitors on HUVECs were reversed by ATP and in presence of ATP PU-inhibitors were again able to block Grp94. Conclusions PU-inhibitors can display direct effects on endothelial cells by targeting the ATP receptor P2X7. In absence of ATP, PU-inhibitors preferentially bind to cells rather than Grp94. ATP antagonizes the PU-inhibitor binding to cells thus restoring the capacity to block Grp94 and Grp94-IgG complex formation. Results have implications for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of PU-inhibitors against circulating pathogenic Grp94. Extracellular Grp94 forms pathogenic complexes with IgG. PU-inhibitors block the Grp94-IgG complex formation in absence of cells. PU-inhibitors target cells and activate the purinergic pathway. Effects of PU-inhibitors on cells are reversed by ATP. ATP restores the capacity of PU-inhibitors to block the Grp94-IgG complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tramentozzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo E.Meneghetti, 2, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Finotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo E.Meneghetti, 2, 35131, Padua, Italy
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Alwhaibi A, Verma A, Adil MS, Somanath PR. The unconventional role of Akt1 in the advanced cancers and in diabetes-promoted carcinogenesis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 145:104270. [PMID: 31078742 PMCID: PMC6659399 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research have elucidated the critical role of Akt isoforms in cancer as pro-tumorigenic and metastatic regulators through their specific effects on the cancer cells, tumor endothelial cells and the stromal cells. The pro-cancerous role of Akt isoforms through enhanced cell proliferation and suppression of apoptosis in cancer cells and the cells in the tumor microenvironment is considered a dogma. Intriguingly, studies also indicate that the Akt pathway is essential to protect the endothelial-barrier and prevent aberrant vascular permeability, which is also integral to tumor perfusion and metastasis. To complicate this further, a flurry of recent reports strongly indicates the metastasis suppressive role of Akt, Akt1 in particular in various cancer types. These reports emanated from different laboratories have elegantly demonstrated the paradoxical effect of Akt1 on cancer cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, tumor endothelial-barrier disruption, and cancer metastasis. Here, we emphasize on the specific role of Akt1 in mediating tumor cell-vasculature reciprocity during the advanced stages of cancers and discuss how Akt1 differentially regulates cancer metastasis through mechanisms distinct from its pro-tumorigenic effects. Since Akt is integral for insulin signaling, endothelial function, and metabolic regulation, we also attempt to shed some light on the specific effects of diabetes in modulating Akt pathway in the promotion of tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and the Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Arti Verma
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and the Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mir S Adil
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and the Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and the Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer Center, Augusta University, USA.
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Zhao X, Zhang Y, Deng L, Wang Y, Li Y, Chen M. The association between Chinese patients' elevated omentin-1 levels, their clinicopathological features, and the risk of colorectal cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2264-2274. [PMID: 31934050 PMCID: PMC6949648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the association between plasma omentin-1 levels and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the pathological changes of CRC, a total of 358 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients were included in the experience group, and 286 people were included in the control group. Their levels of omentin-1, adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and their anthropometric and metabolic parameters were determined, and we analyzed the tertile distributions in the control group, according to the different levels: low, medium, and high. The results showed that the omentin-1 levels in patients with CRC were higher than the levels in the controls [(67.28 ± 32.25) vs (33.16 ± 19.93) ng/mL, P = 0.005]. The patients with the highest concentration of omentin-1 presented significantly higher odds for CRC, adjusted for potential confounding factors for CRC (odds ratio: 5.76; 95% CI 1.81-8.95; P = 0.001). The plasma omentin-1 level in CRC yielded a receiver operating characteristic curve area of 88.4%. The optimal sensitivity and specificity were 81.2% and 69.8% in discriminating CRC from the normal control. A high omentin-1 level was significantly associated the increasing stage of colorectal adenocarcinomas and the depth of invasion (P = 0.005, 0.026, respectively). The present study suggests an increased level of omentin-1 not only was a strong risk factor for CRC but could also represent a potential biomarker for CRC stage progression and CRC diagnosis in Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Division of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Diabetes Prevention and Control, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Anhui ProvinceHefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Alwhaibi A, Kolhe R, Gao F, Cobran EK, Somanath PR. Genome atlas analysis based profiling of Akt pathway genes in the early and advanced human prostate cancer. Oncoscience 2019; 6:317-336. [PMID: 31360736 PMCID: PMC6650170 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies conducted in the mouse and cellular models suggest a stage-specific, differential effect of Akt activity modulation on tumor growth and metastasis in various cancers. In prostate cancer (PCa), although the deletion of Akt1 gene in a neuroendocrine model of TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) blunted oncogenic transformation and tumor growth, Akt1 suppression in the advanced PCa resulted in the activation of transforming growth factor-β pathway and enhanced metastasis to the lungs. Such a dual role for the Akt isoforms and its signaling partners has not been investigated in human PCa. In the current study, we performed genomic database analysis of Akt isoforms and associated pathway molecules in human prostate adenocarcinoma, castration-resistant PCa, neuroendocrine PCa and metastatic PCa for mutations, genetic alterations, mRNA and protein expressions and activating phosphorylations from cBioportal. Results from the protein data analysis from the cBioportal were compared to the results of our data on human PCa tissue analysis and the cellular effects of Akt1 suppression using MK-2206 on PCa cell aggressiveness. Our study indicates the existence of a dual role for Akt1 in PCa and warrants a large-scale analysis of the early and advanced stage PCa clinical samples for further clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Fei Gao
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Ewan K. Cobran
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
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Pang J, Hu P, Wang J, Jiang J, Lai J. Vorapaxar stabilizes permeability of the endothelial barrier under cholesterol stimulation via the AKT/JNK and NF‑κB signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:5291-5300. [PMID: 31059055 PMCID: PMC6522885 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease that occurs in the arterial wall and is characterized by progressive lipid accumulation within the intima of large arteries, leading to the dysfunction of endothelial cells and further destruction of the endothelial barrier and vascular tone. Arterial intima injury accelerates the adhesion and activation of platelets at the injury site. The activation of platelets results in the secretion of growth factors, leading to the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), promoting the formation of plaque, resulting in the formation of thrombus. The present study found that vorapaxar could alleviate the inflammatory response induced by a high concentration of cholesterol stimulation and increase the release of nitric oxide (NO) via the protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway and regulation of the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). We also found that vorapaxar could reduce the damage of DNA caused by cholesterol stimulation and regulate the cell cycle via the AKT/JNK signaling pathway and its downstream molecules glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK‑3β) and connexin 43, maintaining the integrity of the endothelial barrier and proliferation of endothelial cells, serving a protective role in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Pang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Peiyang Hu
- Department of Surgery, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jifu Lai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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HSP90 inhibitor DPB induces autophagy and more effectively apoptosis in A549 cells combined with autophagy inhibitors. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:349-354. [PMID: 30989449 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, we proved that a novel Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor 4-(3-(7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzoic acid (DPB) could inhibit A549 lung cancer cell growth via inducing apoptosis. However, whether DPB affects autophagy is still unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of DPB on autophagy and the improved anti-cancer activity in A549 lung cancer cells. Aggregation of LC3-II was observed using laser scanning confocal microscopy in GFP-LC3 stably transfected U87 cells. Autophagy and apoptosis-related protein levels were examined by Western blot analysis. It is suggested that treatment with DPB (5-20 μmol/L) induced mTOR-independent autophagy in dose- and time-dependent manners. Pre-treatment A549 cells with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mmol/L) enhanced DPB-induced apoptosis. And, DPB inhibited A549 cell growth more effectively in combination with autophagy inhibitors 3-MA (5 mmol/L) or 3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3BDO, 30 μmol/L). These results illustrated that as a potential and promising HSP90 inhibitor, DPB could be utilized in the treatment of cancer combined with the autophagy inhibitor.
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Exploring the Antiangiogenic Potential of Solomonamide A Bioactive Precursors: In Vitro and in Vivo Evidences of the Inhibitory Activity of Solo F-OH During Angiogenesis. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040228. [PMID: 30991727 PMCID: PMC6520732 DOI: 10.3390/md17040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are a prolific source of bioactive compounds. In this work, the putative antiangiogenic potential of a series of synthetic precursors of Solomonamide A, a cyclic peptide isolated from a marine sponge, was evaluated. By means of an in vitro screening, based on the inhibitory activity of endothelial tube formation, the compound Solo F-OH was selected for a deeper characterization of its antiangiogenic potential. Our results indicate that Solo F-OH is able to inhibit some key steps of the angiogenic process, including the proliferation, migration, and invasion of endothelial cells, as well as diminish their capability to degrade the extracellular matrix proteins. The antiangiogenic potential of Solo F-OH was confirmed by means of two different in vivo models: the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the zebrafish yolk membrane (ZFYM) assays. The reduction in ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in endothelial cells treated with Solo F-OH denotes that this compound could target the upstream components that are common to both pathways. Taken together, our results show a new and interesting biological activity of Solo F-OH as an inhibitor of the persistent and deregulated angiogenesis that characterizes cancer and other pathologies.
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Sabbineni H, Verma A, Artham S, Anderson D, Amaka O, Liu F, Narayanan SP, Somanath PR. Pharmacological inhibition of β-catenin prevents EndMT in vitro and vascular remodeling in vivo resulting from endothelial Akt1 suppression. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:205-215. [PMID: 30991049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), where endothelial cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics has been implicated in several cardiopulmonary, vascular and fibrotic diseases. The most commonly studied molecular mechanisms involved in EndMT include TGFβ, Notch, interleukin, and interferon-γ signaling. As of today, the contributions of Akt1, an important mediator of TGFβ signaling and a key regulator of endothelial barrier function to EndMT remains unclear. By using the ShRNA based gene silencing approach and endothelial-specific inducible Akt1 knockdown (ECKOAkt1) mice, we studied the role of Akt1 in EndMT in vitro and pathological vascular remodeling in vivo. Stable, Akt1 silenced (ShAkt1) human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) indicated increased expression of mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin and α-SMA, phosphorylation of Smad2/3, cellular stress via activation of p38 MAP Kinase and the loss of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) accompanied by a change in the morphology of HMECs in vitro and co-localization of endothelial and mesenchymal markers promoting EndMT in vivo. EndMT as a result of Akt1 loss was associated with increased expression of TGFβ2, a potent inducer of EndMT and mesenchymal transcription factors Snail1, and FoxC2. We observed that hypoxia-induced lung vascular remodeling is exacerbated in ECKOAkt1 mice, which was reversed by pharmacological inhibition of β-catenin. Thus, we provide novel insights into the role of Akt1-mediated β-catenin signaling in EndMT and pathological vascular remodeling, and present β-catenin as a potential target for therapy for various cardiopulmonary diseases involving vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Sabbineni
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Arti Verma
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Sandeep Artham
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Daniel Anderson
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Oge Amaka
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Subhadra P Narayanan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
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Ha JM, Jin SY, Lee HS, Vafaeinik F, Jung YJ, Keum HJ, Song SH, Lee DH, Kim CD, Bae SS. Vascular leakage caused by loss of Akt1 is associated with impaired mural cell coverage. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:801-813. [PMID: 30984553 PMCID: PMC6443864 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a critical role in embryo development, tissue repair, tumor growth and wound healing. In the present study, we investigated the role of the serine/threonine kinase Akt in angiogenesis. Silencing of Akt1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced capillary-like tube formation. Mice lacking Akt1 exhibited impaired retinal angiogenesis with delayed endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. In addition, VEGF-induced corneal angiogenesis and tumor development were significantly inhibited in mice lacking Akt1. Loss of Akt1 resulted in reduced angiogenic sprouting, as well as the proliferation of ECs and mural cells. Addition of culture supernatant of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in which Akt1 was silenced suppressed tube formation, the stability of preformed tubes and the proliferation of ECs. In addition, attachment of VSMCs to ECs was significantly reduced in cells in which Akt1 was silenced. Mural cell coverage of retinal vasculature was reduced in mice lacking Akt1. Finally, mice lacking Akt1 showed severe retinal hemorrhage compared to the wild-type. These results suggest that the regulation of EC function and mural cell coverage by Akt1 is important for blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Ha
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Jin
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Farzaneh Vafaeinik
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Jung
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Hye Jin Keum
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Sang Heon Song
- Biomedical Research Institute Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University Hospital Busan Korea
| | - Dong Hyung Lee
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- Biomedical Research Institute Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel Associated Disease Department of Pharmacology Pusan National University School of Medicine Yangsan Korea
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Nagabhishek SN, Madan Kumar A, B. S, Balakrishnan A, Katakia YT, Chatterjee S, Nagasundaram N. A marine sponge associated fungal metabolite monacolin X suppresses angiogenesis by down regulating VEGFR2 signaling. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26646-26667. [PMID: 35528587 PMCID: PMC9070443 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05262c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of global death and there is an urgent need for the development of cancer treatment; targeting VEGFR2 could be one of the promising therapies. In the present study, previously isolated marine fungal metabolite monacolin X, suppresses in vitro angiogenic characteristics such as proliferation, migration, adhesion, invasion and tube formation of HUVECs when stimulated by VEGF, at a non-toxic concentration. Monacolin X downregulated VEGFR2, PKCα and PKCη mRNA expression. Further, monacolin X inhibited in vivo angiogenesis in CAM assay, vascular sprouting in aortic ring, decreased ISV and SIV length and diameter in Tg (Kdr:EGFP)/ko1 zebrafish embryos. Monacolin X showed reduced protein expression of pVEGFR2, pAKT1, pMAPKAPK2, pFAK and pERK1 in breast cancer lines and in DMBA induced mammary carcinoma in SD rats showed tumor regression and anti-angiogenesis ability via decrease pVEGFR2 and pAKT1 protein expression. In silico studies also revealed monacolin X ability to bind to crucial amino acid Cys 919 in the active site of VEGFR2 suggesting it to be a potent VEGFR2 inhibitor. Cancer is one of the leading causes of global deaths and there is an urgent need for the development cancer treatment; targeting VEGFR2 could be one of the promising therapies.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirpu Natesh Nagabhishek
- Cancer Biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai-600 119
- India
| | - Arumugam Madan Kumar
- Cancer Biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai-600 119
- India
| | - Sambhavi B.
- Department of Genetics
- Dr ALM PGIBMS University of Madras Taramani
- Chennai
- India
| | | | - Yash T. Katakia
- Vascular Biology Lab
- AU-KBC Research Centre
- Department of Biotechnology
- Anna University
- Chennai
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Vascular Biology Lab
- AU-KBC Research Centre
- Department of Biotechnology
- Anna University
- Chennai
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Alwhaibi A, Gao F, Artham S, Hsia BM, Mondal A, Kolhe R, Somanath PR. Modulation in the microRNA repertoire is responsible for the stage-specific effects of Akt suppression on murine neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00796. [PMID: 30238065 PMCID: PMC6143703 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate a stage-specific, differential role for the oncogene Akt on various cancers. In prostate cancer (PCa), suppression of Akt activity in the advanced stages promoted transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) pathway-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis to the lungs. In the current study, we performed Affymetrix analysis to compare the expression profile of microRNAs in the mouse prostate tissues collected at the prostatic inter-epithelial neoplasia (PIN) stage from Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse (TRAMP)/Akt1+/+ versus TRAMP/Akt1–/– mice, and at the advanced stage from TRAMP/Akt1+/+ mice treated with triciribine (Akt inhibitor) versus DMSO-treated control. Our analysis demonstrates that in the early stage, Akt1 in the TRAMP prostate tumors express a set of miRNAs responsible for regulating cancer cell survival, proliferation, and tumor growth, whereas, in the advanced stages, a different set of miRNAs that promote EMT and cancer metastasis is expressed. Our study has identified novel Akt-regulated signature microRNAs in the early and advanced PCa and demonstrates their differential effects on PCa growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sandeep Artham
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Bernard M Hsia
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ashis Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Cinnamaldehyde accelerates wound healing by promoting angiogenesis via up-regulation of PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways. J Transl Med 2018; 98:783-798. [PMID: 29463877 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The bark of Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) has been used for the management of coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus. C. cassia may target the vasculature, as it stimulates angiogenesis, promotes blood circulation and wound healing. However, the active components and working mechanisms of C. cassia are not fully elucidated. The Shexiang Baoxin pill (SBP), which consists of seven medicinal materials, including C. cassia etc., is widely used as a traditional Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of CHD. Here, 22 single effective components of SBP were evaluated against the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We demonstrated that in HUVECs, cinnamaldehyde (CA) stimulated proliferation, migration, and tube formation. CA also activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Furthermore, the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from HUVECs was increased by CA. In vivo, CA partially restored intersegmental vessels in zebrafish pretreated with PTK787, which is a selective inhibitor for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). CA also showed pro-angiogenic efficacy in the Matrigel plug assay. Additionally, CA attenuated wound sizes in a cutaneous wound model, and elevated VEGF protein and CD31-positive vascular density at the margin of these wounds. These results illustrate that CA accelerates wound healing by inducing angiogenesis in the wound area. The potential mechanism involves activation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. Such a small non-peptide molecule may have clinical applications for promoting therapeutic angiogenesis in chronic diabetic wounds and myocardial infarction.
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Huang CY, Lee CH, Tu CC, Wu CH, Huang MT, Wei PL, Chang YJ. Glucose-regulated protein 94 mediates progression and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via mitochondrial function and the NF-kB/COX-2/VEGF axis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9425-9441. [PMID: 29507700 PMCID: PMC5823643 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a worldwide health problem with a very poor prognosis. Therefore, new diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic strategies for identifying and managing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are urgently needed. Glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is one of major endoplasmic reticulum-stress response proteins that plays a key role in cancer progression and therapeutic responses. However, the role of GRP94 in ESCC progression and metastasis remains unclear. The tissue array results indicated that higher GRP94 expression levels were associated with lower overall survival and higher lympho-node metastasis. Silencing GRP94 (GRP94-KD) reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion in ESCC cells. In a xenotransplantation assay, silencing GRP94 reduced cell proliferation in the zebrafish embryo. Transmission electron microscopy revealed impaired mitochondria in GRP94-KD cells, which exhibited reduced basal respiration, spare respiratory capacity and ATP production and increased oxidative damage compared with scrambled control cells. Regarding the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of GRP94 knockdown, we found that silencing GRP94 may reduce the level of NF-kB, c-Jun, p38, IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as well as activation of AKT and ERK. In conclusion, our results indicate that silencing GRP94 in ESCC cells suppressed cancer growth and the metastatic potential via mitochondrial functions and NF-kB/COX-2/VEGF in ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hwa Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chiang Tu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- En Chu Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Te Huang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jia Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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R-Ras-Akt axis induces endothelial lumenogenesis and regulates the patency of regenerating vasculature. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1720. [PMID: 29170374 PMCID: PMC5700916 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of endothelial lumen is fundamental to angiogenesis and essential to the oxygenation of hypoxic tissues. The molecular mechanism underlying this important process remains obscure. Here, we show that Akt activation by a Ras homolog, R-Ras, stabilizes the microtubule cytoskeleton in endothelial cells leading to endothelial lumenogenesis. The activation of Akt by the potent angiogenic factor VEGF-A does not strongly stabilize microtubules or sufficiently promote lumen formation, hence demonstrating a distinct role for the R-Ras-Akt axis. We show in mice that this pathway is important for the lumenization of new capillaries and microvessels developing in ischemic muscles to allow sufficient tissue reperfusion after ischemic injury. Our work identifies a role for Akt in lumenogenesis and the significance of the R-Ras-Akt signaling for the patency of regenerating blood vessels. Formation of the vascular lumen initiates the blood flow and it is crucial for tissue homeostasis. Here, Li et. al show that the R-Ras-Akt signaling axis is crucial for reparative angiogenesis in mice because it stabilizes the microtubule cytoskeleton in endothelial cells to promote endothelial lumen formation.
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Rathinavelu A, Alhazzani K, Dhandayuthapani S, Kanagasabai T. Anti-cancer effects of F16: A novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-specific inhibitor. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317726841. [PMID: 29130389 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317726841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 is a dynamic target for therapeutic intervention in various types of cancers. This study was aimed to explore the anti-angiogenic activity of a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-specific inhibitor named F16 in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. This compound effectively reduced cell proliferation, tube formation, and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner by directly inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor binding and subsequent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 phosphorylation. The F16 was also able to inhibit the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B-mediated survival and migration pathways in cancer in addition to inhibiting the focal adhesion kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinases-mediated signaling in GI-101A cancer cells. The chorioallantoic membrane assay followed by tumor growth inhibition measurements with GI-101A breast cancer xenograft implanted athymic nude mice confirmed the in vivo tumor reductive effects of F16. It was interesting to observe a decrease in tumor burden after F16 treatment which correlated very well with the decrease in the plasma levels of mucin-1 (MUC-1). Our studies so far have confirmed that F16 is a specific inhibitor of angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. The F16 also works very efficiently with Taxol in combination by limiting the tumor growth that is better than the monotherapy with any one of the drugs that were tested individually. Thus, F16 offers a promising anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects with better specificity than some of the existing multi-kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Appu Rathinavelu
- 1 Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,2 College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Khalid Alhazzani
- 1 Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,2 College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Sivanesan Dhandayuthapani
- 1 Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai
- 1 Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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73
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Tae N, Hung TM, Kim O, Kim N, Lee S, Na S, Min BS, Lee JH. A cassaine diterpene alkaloid, 3β-acetyl-nor-erythrophlamide, suppresses VEGF-induced angiogenesis and tumor growth via inhibiting eNOS activation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92346-92358. [PMID: 29190920 PMCID: PMC5696186 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer, playing an essential role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. 3β-Acetyl-nor-erythrophlamide (3-ANE), a cassaine diterpene alkaloid compound from Erythrophleum fordii, exerts various pharmacological effects, including antitumor activity. However, the effects of 3-ANE on tumor angiogenesis and its potential molecular mechanism are still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that 3-ANE inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated proliferation, migration, invasion, and capillary-like tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), without inducing apoptosis. We also found that 3-ANE blocked angiogenesis in vivo, and suppressed tumor angiogenesis and human lung adenocarcinoma growth in the xenograft tumor model. Furthermore, we showed that 3-ANE blocked VEGF-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation, vascular permeability and NO production in HUVECs, via disrupting the VEGF-induced association of eNOS and heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90). Our studies therefore provide the first evidence that 3-ANE inhibits tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting the VEGF-mediated eNOS activation and NO production, and 3-ANE could be a potential candidate in angiogenesis-related disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Tae
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Manh Hung
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Current/Present address: Biomedical Science Department, VNUK Institute for Research & Executive Education, The University of Da Nang, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Okwha Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Namho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghun Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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74
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Gao F, Alwhaibi A, Sabbineni H, Verma A, Eldahshan W, Somanath PR. Suppression of Akt1-β-catenin pathway in advanced prostate cancer promotes TGFβ1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2017; 402:177-189. [PMID: 28602980 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Akt1 is essential for the oncogenic transformation and tumor growth in various cancers. However, the precise role of Akt1 in advanced cancers is conflicting. Using a neuroendocrine TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model, we first show that the genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of Akt1 in mice blunts oncogenic transformation and prostate cancer (PCa) growth. Intriguingly, triciribine (TCBN)-mediated Akt inhibition in 25-week old, tumor-bearing TRAMP mice and Akt1 gene silencing in aggressive PCa cells enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted metastasis to the lungs. Mechanistically, Akt1 suppression leads to increased expression of EMT markers such as Snail1 and N-cadherin and decreased expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin in TRAMP prostate, and in PC3 and DU145 cells. Next, we identified that Akt1 knockdown in PCa cells results in increased production of TGFβ1 and its receptor TGFβ RII, associated with a decreased expression of β-catenin. Furthermore, treatment of PCa cells with ICG001 that blocks nuclear translocation of β-catenin promoted EMT and N-cadherin expression. Together, our study demonstrates a novel role of the Akt1-β-catenin-TGFβ1 pathway in advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Harika Sabbineni
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Arti Verma
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Wael Eldahshan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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75
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Stapf M, Teichgräber U, Hilger I. Methotrexate-coupled nanoparticles and magnetic nanochemothermia for the relapse-free treatment of T24 bladder tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2793-2811. [PMID: 28435259 PMCID: PMC5388224 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s120969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-based approaches have been considered as promising tools due to their ability to directly eradicate tumor cells and/or increase the sensitivity of tumors to radiation- or chemotherapy. In particular, the heating of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) via an alternating magnetic field can provide a handy alternative for a localized tumor treatment. To amplify the efficacy of magnetically induced thermal treatments, we elucidated the superior tumor-destructive effect of methotrexate-coupled MNPs (MTX/MNPs) in combination with magnetic heating (nanochemothermia) over the thermal treatment alone. Our studies in a murine bladder xenograft model revealed the enormous potential of nanochemothermia for a localized and relapse-free destruction of tumors which was superior to the thermal treatment alone. Nanochemothermia remarkably fostered the reduction of tumor volume. It impaired proapoptotic signaling (eg, p-p53), cell survival (eg, p-ERK1/2), and cell cycle (cyclins) pathways. Additionally, heat shock proteins (eg, HSP70) were remarkably affected. Moreover, nanochemothermia impaired the induction of angiogenic signaling by decreasing, for example, the levels of VEGF-R1 and MMP9, although an increasing tumor hypoxia was indicated by elevated Hif-1α levels. In contrast, tumor cells were able to recover after the thermal treatments alone. In conclusion, nanochemothermia on the basis of MTX/MNPs was superior to the thermal treatment due to a modification of cellular pathways, particularly those associated with the cellular survival and tumor vasculature. This allowed very efficient and relapse-free destruction of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Stapf
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulf Teichgräber
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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76
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Yao H, He G, Chen C, Yan S, Lu L, Song L, Vijayan KV, Li Q, Xiong L, Miao X, Deng X. PAI1: a novel PP1-interacting protein that mediates human plasma's anti-apoptotic effect in endothelial cells. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2068-2076. [PMID: 28296156 PMCID: PMC5571515 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of apoptotic signalling in endothelial cells contributes to the detrimental effects of a variety of pathological stimuli. In investigating the molecular events underlying the anti‐apoptotic effect of human plasma in cultured human endothelial cells, we unexpectedly uncovered a novel mechanism of apoptosis suppression by human plasma through an interaction between two previously unrelated proteins. Human plasma inhibited hypoxia–serum deprivation‐induced apoptosis and stimulated BADS136 and AktS473 phosphorylation. Akt1 silencing reversed part (~52%) of the anti‐apoptotic effect of human plasma, suggesting the existence of additional mechanisms mediating the anti‐apoptotic effect other than Akt signalling. Human plasma disrupted the interaction of BAD with protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). Mass spectrometry identified fourteen PP1‐interacting proteins induced by human plasma. Notably, a group of serine protease inhibitors including plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), a major inhibitor of fibrinolysis, were involved. Silencing of PAI1 attenuated the anti‐apoptotic effect of human plasma. Furthermore, combined Akt1 and PAI1 silencing attenuated the majority of the anti‐apoptotic effect of human plasma. We conclude that human plasma protects against endothelial cell apoptosis through sustained BAD phosphorylation, which is achieved by, at least in part, a novel interaction between PP1 with PAI1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yao
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guangchun He
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shichao Yan
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liujiang Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - K Vinod Vijayan
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qinglong Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiongying Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
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77
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Wang J, Zhou J, Wang Y, Yang C, Fu M, Zhang J, Han X, Li Z, Hu K, Ge J. Qiliqiangxin protects against anoxic injury in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells via NRG-1/ErbB-PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1905-1914. [PMID: 28271613 PMCID: PMC5571527 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) are important angiogenic components and are injured rapidly after cardiac ischaemia and anoxia. Cardioprotective effects of Qiliqiangxin (QL), a traditional Chinese medicine, have been displayed recently. This study aims to investigate whether QL could protect CMECs against anoxic injury and to explore related signalling mechanisms. CMECs were successfully cultured from Sprague‐Dawley rats and exposed to anoxia for 12 hrs in the absence and presence of QL. Cell migration assay and capillary‐like tube formation assay on Matrigel were performed, and cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay and caspase‐3 activity. Neuregulin‐1 (NRG‐1) siRNA and LY294002 were administrated to block NRG‐1/ErbB and PI3K/Akt signalling, respectively. As a result, anoxia inhibited cell migration, capillary‐like tube formation and angiogenesis, and increased cell apoptosis. QL significantly reversed these anoxia‐induced injuries and up‐regulated expressions of NRG‐1, phospho‐ErbB2, phospho‐ErbB4, phospho‐Akt, phospho‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in CMECs, while NRG‐1 knockdown abolished the protective effects of QL with suppressed NRG‐1, phospho‐ErbB2, phospho‐ErbB4, phospho‐Akt, phospho‐mTOR, HIF‐1α and VEGF expressions. Similarly, LY294002 interrupted the beneficial effects of QL with down‐regulated phospho‐Akt, phospho‐mTOR, HIF‐1α and VEGF expressions. However, it had no impact on NRG‐1/ErbB signalling. Our data indicated that QL could attenuate anoxia‐induced injuries in CMECs via NRG‐1/ErbB signalling which was most probably dependent on PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingmin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqiang Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueting Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Nanbu County, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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A novel synthetic small molecule YF-452 inhibits tumor growth through antiangiogenesis by suppressing VEGF receptor 2 signaling. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:202-214. [PMID: 28194552 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is characterized by abnormal vessel morphology, endowing tumor with highly hypoxia and unresponsive toward treatment. To date, mounting angiogenic factors have been discovered as therapeutic targets in antiangiogenic drug development. Among them, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitors exerts potent antiangiogenic activity in tumor therapy. Therefore, it may provide a valid strategy for cancer treatment through targeting the tumor angiogenesis via VEGFR2 pathway. In this study, we established a high-profile compounds library and certificated a novel compound named N-(N-pyrrolidylacetyl)-9-(4-bromobenzyl)-1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-β-carboline (YF-452), which remarkably inhibited the migration, invasion and tube-like structure formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with little toxicity invitro. Rat thoracic aorta ring assay indicated that YF-452 significantly blocked the formation of microvascular exvivo. In addition, YF-452 inhibited angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and mouse corneal micropocket assays. Moreover, YF-452 remarkably suppressed tumor growth in xenografts mice model. Furthermore, investigation of molecular mechanism revealed that YF-452 inhibited VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 kinase and the downstream protein kinases including extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src. These results indicate that YF-452 inhibits angiogenesis and may be a potential antiangiogenic drug candidate for cancer therapy.
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79
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Kim SH, Pei QM, Jiang P, Yang M, Qian XJ, Liu JB. Role of licochalcone A in VEGF-induced proliferation of human airway smooth muscle cells: implications for asthma. Growth Factors 2017. [PMID: 28635361 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2017.1338694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction with persistent airway inflammation and airway remodeling, which is associated with increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. Licochalcone A is the predominant characteristic chalcone in licorice root. We found that licochalcone A inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced ASM cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. Additionally, VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation was suppressed via inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activity, but not that of Akt. Furthermore, licochalcone A treatment inhibited VEGF-induced activation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and ERK and blocked the downregulation of caveolin-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, our findings suggested that licochalcone A inhibited VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation by suppressing VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 activation and downregulating caveolin-1. Further studies of these mechanisms are needed to facilitate the development of treatments for smooth muscle hyperplasia-associated diseases of the airway, such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Kim
- a Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , P.R. China and
| | - Qing-Mei Pei
- b Department of Radiology , Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Ping Jiang
- a Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , P.R. China and
| | - Min Yang
- a Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , P.R. China and
| | - Xue-Jiao Qian
- a Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , P.R. China and
| | - Jiang-Bo Liu
- a Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , P.R. China and
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80
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Kim SH, Pei QM, Jiang P, Yang M, Qian XJ, Liu JB. Effect of active vitamin D3 on VEGF-induced ADAM33 expression and proliferation in human airway smooth muscle cells: implications for asthma treatment. Respir Res 2017; 18:7. [PMID: 28056993 PMCID: PMC5217212 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction with persistent airway inflammation and airway remodeling, which is associated with increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been implicated in inflammatory and airway blood vessel remodeling in asthma. Recent evidence indicates that a deficiency of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) may influence asthma pathogenesis. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)33 has been identified as playing a role in the pathophysiology of asthma. ADAM33, which is expressed in ASM cells, is suggested to play a role in the function of these cells. Recent studies show that 1,25-(OH)2D3 exerts direct inhibitory effects on passively sensitized human ASM cells in vitro, including inhibition of ADAM33 expression and cell proliferation; however, the mechanism has not been fully understood. METHODS In order to elucidate the precise mechanism underlying the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on VEGF-induced ADAM33 expression and ASM cell proliferation, we tested the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on cell cycle progression and evaluated the levels of phospho-VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and phospho-Akt in VEGF-stimulated ASM cells. RESULTS We found that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited VEGF-induced ADAM33 expression and ASM cell proliferation, as well as cell cycle arrest. Additionally, VEGF-induced ADAM33 expression and ASM cell proliferation was suppressed via inhibition of ERK1/2 activity, but not that of Akt. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment inhibited VEGF-induced activation of VEGFR2 as well as that of ERK and Akt in a concentration-dependent manner. 1,25(OH)2D3 also inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced VEGF secretion by ASM cells. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation by suppressing VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 activation and downregulating ADAM33. Further studies of these mechanisms are needed to facilitate the development of treatments for smooth muscle hyperplasia-associated diseases of the airway such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Kim
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Fukanglu-24, Nankaiqu, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Qing-Mei Pei
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Fukanglu-24, Nankaiqu, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Fukanglu-24, Nankaiqu, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Qian
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Fukanglu-24, Nankaiqu, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jiang-Bo Liu
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Fukanglu-24, Nankaiqu, Tianjin, 300192, China
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Santana ET, Feliciano RDS, Serra AJ, Brigidio E, Antonio EL, Tucci PJF, Nathanson L, Morris M, Silva JA. Comparative mRNA and MicroRNA Profiling during Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Coronary Occlusion and Ablation Radio-Frequency Currents. Front Physiol 2016; 7:565. [PMID: 27932994 PMCID: PMC5123550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery is the most commonly used experimental model to induce myocardial infarction (MI) in rodents. A high mortality in the acute phase and the heterogeneity of the size of the MI obtained are drawbacks recognized in this model. In an attempt to solve the problem, our group recently developed a new MI experimental model which is based on application of myocardial ablation radio-frequency currents (AB-RF) that yielded MI with homogeneous sizes and significantly reduce acute mortality. In addition, cardiac structural, and functional changes aroused by AB-RF were similar to those seen in animals with MI induced by coronary artery ligation. Herein, we compared mRNA expression of genes that govern post-MI milieu in occlusion and ablation models. We analyzed 48 mRNAs expressions of nine different signal transduction pathways (cell survival and metabolism signs, matrix extracellular, cell cycle, oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium signaling, hypertrophy markers, angiogenesis, and inflammation) in rat left ventricle 1 week after MI generated by both coronary occlusion and AB-RF. Furthermore, high-throughput miRNA analysis was also assessed in both MI procedures. Interestingly, mRNA expression levels and miRNA expressions showed strong similarities between both models after MI, with few specificities in each model, activating similar signal transduction pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison of genomic alterations of mRNA and miRNA contents after two different MI procedures and identifies key signaling regulators modulating the pathophysiology of these two models that might culminate in heart failure. Furthermore, these analyses may contribute with the current knowledge concerning transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes of AB-RF protocol, arising as an alternative and effective MI method that reproduces most changes seem in coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo T Santana
- Rehabilitation Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Dos Santos Feliciano
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil; Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey J Serra
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Brigidio
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antonio
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Morris
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - José A Silva
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
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Gao F, Artham S, Sabbineni H, Al-Azayzih A, Peng XD, Hay N, Adams RH, Byzova TV, Somanath PR. Akt1 promotes stimuli-induced endothelial-barrier protection through FoxO-mediated tight-junction protein turnover. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3917-33. [PMID: 27113546 PMCID: PMC5023469 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vascular permeability regulated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through endothelial-barrier junctions is essential for inflammation. Mechanisms regulating vascular permeability remain elusive. Although 'Akt' and 'Src' have been implicated in the endothelial-barrier regulation, it is puzzling how both agents that protect and disrupt the endothelial-barrier activate these kinases to reciprocally regulate vascular permeability. To delineate the role of Akt1 in endothelial-barrier regulation, we created endothelial-specific, tamoxifen-inducible Akt1 knockout mice and stable ShRNA-mediated Akt1 knockdown in human microvascular endothelial cells. Akt1 loss leads to decreased basal and angiopoietin1-induced endothelial-barrier resistance, and enhanced VEGF-induced endothelial-barrier breakdown. Endothelial Akt1 deficiency resulted in enhanced VEGF-induced vascular leakage in mice ears, which was rescued upon re-expression with Adeno-myrAkt1. Furthermore, co-treatment with angiopoietin1 reversed VEGF-induced vascular leakage in an Akt1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, our study revealed that while VEGF-induced short-term vascular permeability is independent of Akt1, its recovery is reliant on Akt1 and FoxO-mediated claudin expression. Pharmacological inhibition of FoxO transcription factors rescued the defective endothelial barrier due to Akt1 deficiency. Here we provide novel insights on the endothelial-barrier protective role of VEGF in the long term and the importance of Akt1-FoxO signaling on tight-junction stabilization and prevention of vascular leakage through claudin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sandeep Artham
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Harika Sabbineni
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Azayzih
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Xiao-Ding Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nissim Hay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Max Plank Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, Münster, Germany
| | - Tatiana V Byzova
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Joseph J. Jacob's Center for Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine and Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, HM1200, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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83
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Rahman MA, Salajegheh A, Smith RA, Lam AKY. Inhibition of BRAF kinase suppresses cellular proliferation, but not enough for complete growth arrest in BRAF V600E mutated papillary and undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas. Endocrine 2016; 54:129-138. [PMID: 27179656 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0985-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to inhibit BRAF kinase expression and investigate its effect on cellular functions in thyroid carcinomas. 8505C (BRAF V600E/V600E) undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma cell line and B-CPAP (BRAF V600E/V600E) papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line were used to develop doxycycline-inducible anti-BRAF shRNA stable cell lines. The inhibitions of BRAF expression in these cells were confirmed with qPCR and Western blot. Impacts of BRAF protein inhibition on cellular functions and signalling pathways were observed through Western blot, proliferation and colony formation assays. BRAF kinase expression was inhibited 83 % in undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma and 82 % in papillary thyroid carcinoma (p < 0.05). As a result of BRAF kinase inhibition, reduction in MEK kinase activity was seen (p < 0.05) in both thyroid cancer cell lines (72 and 75 %, respectively). Initially, big drop in proliferation (p < 0.05) was observed (52 and 54 %, respectively), but later an increasing proliferation trend was noticed in BRAF kinase-inhibited cell lines. In addition, reduction in colony formation (p < 0.05) was seen in BRAF kinase-inhibited carcinoma cells (13 and 15 %, respectively). On the other hand, increase in AKT kinase activity (63 and 70 %, respectively; p < 0.05) was discovered in both BRAF kinase-inhibited carcinoma cells. Increased activation of alternative proliferation pathways (as determined by the increase of AKT kinase activity) counteracts the effect of BRAF kinase inhibition in thyroid carcinomas. Thus, alternative proliferation pathways should be inhibited for therapeutic suppression of BRAF-induced proliferation in thyroid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Atiqur Rahman
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ali Salajegheh
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Anthony Smith
- Faculty of Health, Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
- Pathology Queensland and Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
- Head of Pathology, Griffith Medical School, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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84
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Phowichit S, Kobayashi M, Fujinoya Y, Sato Y, Sanphanya K, Vajragupta O, Chularojmontri L, Wattanapitayakul SK. Antiangiogenic Effects of VH02, a Novel Urea Derivative: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091258. [PMID: 27657036 PMCID: PMC6272876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a vital target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. We have recently described a computer-based drug design for a small molecule VEGFR2 inhibitor named VH02 (1-((1-(1H-indazol-6-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-3-(3-chloromethylphenyl)urea). This study aimed to further explore the anti-angiogenic activity of VH02 both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro assays include cell viability, capillary-like tube formation, MMP activity, and western blot analyses of signaling through VEGFR2 while the in vivo anti-angiogenic response were performed to evaluate the effect on vascularization in Matrigel plug applied in C57BL/6L mice. VH02 reduced angiogenesis behavior of EA.hy926 including cell viability, migration, adhesion, capillary-like tube formation, and MMP-2 activity induced by VEGF. Furthermore, VH02 regulated angiogenesis by directly inhibiting VEGFR2 on Tyr1175 signaling pathway leading to the inhibition of Akt-mediated cell survival and migration. Disruption of phosphorylation at VEGFR2-Tyr1175 by VH02 abolished FAK-Tyr397 signaling but not phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. This suggests that blockade of FAK by VH02 apparently associated with reduction of endothelial cell motility. Actin cytoskeleton rearrangement was diminished by VH02 in human endothelial cells. The anti-angiogenic effect of VH02 was confirmed in the in vivo model, revealing the reduction of vascular density in Matrigel plug after VH02 treatment. Additionally, the pericyte-like cells surrounding blood vessels in the plugs were significantly reduced as well as vascular density and p-Akt intensity. Our findings indicate that VH02 successfully inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo models. The compound could be further developed as an antiangiogenesis agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwadee Phowichit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
| | - Miho Kobayashi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuriko Fujinoya
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yasufumi Sato
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Kingkarn Sanphanya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri Ayudhya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Opa Vajragupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri Ayudhya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Linda Chularojmontri
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, 95 Paholyotin Rd, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Suvara K Wattanapitayakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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85
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Chiu WC, Chiou TJ, Chung MJ, Chiang AN. β2-Glycoprotein I Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis by Suppressing the Phosphorylation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2, Akt, and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161950. [PMID: 27579889 PMCID: PMC5006999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel formation, and it plays a key role in various physiological and pathological conditions. The β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein with multiple biological functions, some of which remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify the contribution of 2-GPI on the angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor that may regulate endothelial remodeling, and its underlying mechanism. Our results revealed that β2-GPI dose-dependently decreased the VEGF-induced increase in endothelial cell proliferation, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays. Furthermore, incubation with both β2-GPI and deglycosylated β2-GPI inhibited the VEGF-induced tube formation. Our results suggest that the carbohydrate residues of β2-GPI do not participate in the function of anti-angiogenesis. Using in vivo Matrigel plug and angioreactor assays, we show that β2-GPI remarkably inhibited the VEGF-induced angiogenesis at a physiological concentration. Moreover, β2-GPI inhibited the VEGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In summary, our in vitro and in vivo data reveal for the first time that β2-GPI inhibits the VEGF-induced angiogenesis and highlights the potential for β2-GPI in anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Chiu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzeon-Jye Chiou
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ju Chung
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Na Chiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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86
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Pei QM, Jiang P, Yang M, Qian XJ, Liu JB, Kim SH. Roxithromycin inhibits VEGF-induced human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation: Opportunities for the treatment of asthma. Exp Cell Res 2016; 347:378-84. [PMID: 27587274 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction with persistent airway inflammation and airway remodelling, which is associated with increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. Roxithromycin (RXM) has been widely used in asthma treatment; however, its mechanism of action is poorly understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been implicated in inflammatory and airway blood vessel remodelling in patients with asthma, and shown to promote ASM cell proliferation. Here, we investigated the effect of RXM on VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. We tested the effect of RXM on proliferation and cell cycle progression, as well as on the expression of phospho-VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phospho-Akt, and caveolin-1 in VEGF-stimulated ASM cells. RXM inhibited VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. Additionally, VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation was suppressed by inhibiting the activity of ERK1/2, but not that of Akt. Furthermore, RXM treatment inhibits VEGF-induced activation of VEGFR2 and ERK and downregulation of caveolin-1 in a dose-dependent manner. RXM also inhibited TGF-β-induced VEGF secretion by ASM cells and BEAS-2B cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that RXM inhibits VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation by suppression of VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 activation and caveolin-1 down-regulation, which may be involved in airway remodelling. Further elucidation of the mechanisms underlying these observations should enable the development of treatments for smooth muscle hyperplasia-associated diseases of the airway such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Mei Pei
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xue-Jiao Qian
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jiang-Bo Liu
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Sung-Ho Kim
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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87
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Pei QM, Jiang P, Yang M, Qian XJ, Liu JB, Zheng H, Zhao LH, Kim SH. Upregulation of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-33 by VEGF in human airway smooth muscle cells: Implications for asthma. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2819-26. [PMID: 27579513 PMCID: PMC5053581 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1220462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction with persistent airway inflammation and airway remodeling. Features of airway remodeling include increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)-33 has been identified as playing a role in the pathophysiology of asthma. ADAM-33 is expressed in ASM cells and is suggested to play a role in the function of these cells. However, the regulation of ADAM-33 is not fully understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been implicated in inflammatory and airway blood vessel remodeling in asthmatics. Although VEGF was initially thought of as an endothelial-specific growth factor, recent reports have found that VEGF can promote proliferation of other cell types, including ASM cells. To investigate the precise mechanism of VEGF's effect on ASM cell proliferation, we tested the expression of ADAM-33, phospho-extracellularsignal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and phospho-Akt in VEGF-stimulated ASM cells. We found that VEGF up-regulates ADAM-33 mRNA and protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt. We also found that VEGF-induced ASM cell proliferation is inhibited by both ADAM-33 knockdown and a selective VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor (SU1498). Furthermore, VEGF-induced ADAM-33 expression and ASM cell proliferation were suppressed by inhibiting ERK1/2 activity, but not by inhibiting Akt activity. Collectively, our findings suggest that VEGF enhances ADAM-33 expression and ASM cell proliferation by activating the VEGFR2/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling. Further elucidation of the mechanisms underlying these observations might help develop therapeutic strategies for airway diseases associated with smooth muscle hyperplasia such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Mei Pei
- a Department of Radiology , Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine , Tianjin , China
| | - Ping Jiang
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Min Yang
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Xue-Jiao Qian
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Jiang-Bo Liu
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Hong Zheng
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Li-Hong Zhao
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Sung-Ho Kim
- b Department of Respiration , Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
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88
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Frigo G, Tramentozzi E, Orso G, Ceolotto G, Pagetta A, Stagni C, Menin C, Rosato A, Finotti P. Human IgGs induce synthesis and secretion of IgGs and neonatal Fc receptor in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Immunobiology 2016; 221:1329-1342. [PMID: 27523744 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human IgGs are increasingly used in the therapy of many different immune and inflammatory diseases, however their mechanism of action still remains unclear in most diseases. To gain insight into the mechanism by which IgGs might also exert their effects on endothelial cells, we tested human IgGs on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). IgGs induced a time-dependent increase in the synthesis and secretion of IgGs, together with a marked angiogenic-like transformation of HUVECs that was maximal after a 20-h incubation. IgGs stimulated IG gene transcription without affecting the process of gene rearrangement, already present in control HUVECs. The mechanism involved the activation of transcription factors with the increased expression of HSP90, HSP70 and inactive MMP-9 responsible for the phenotypic differentiation associated with the most intense IgG synthesis and secretion. However, even a short incubation with IgGs followed by recovery of cells was sufficient to trigger and sustain in time the synthesis and secretion of new IgGs, independently of the angiogenic-like transformation visible only when cells were continuously exposed to IgGs. Under the stimulus of IgGs, specific secretory pathways were also activated in HUVECs together with the expression of FcRn, which was always associated with IgGs of new synthesis, forming complexes that were also secreted. Our results disclose a so far unknown and unexpected mechanism of IgGs on HUVECs that behave as Ig-producing immune cells. Results might have relevance for the effects that IgGs also exert in vivo in physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Frigo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Pharmacology Building, L.go E. Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Tramentozzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Pharmacology Building, L.go E. Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Conegliano, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giulio Ceolotto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Pagetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Pharmacology Building, L.go E. Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Camilla Stagni
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Menin
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy; Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy.
| | - Paola Finotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Pharmacology Building, L.go E. Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy.
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Helal-Neto E, Brandão-Costa RM, Saldanha-Gama R, Ribeiro-Pereira C, Midlej V, Benchimol M, Morandi V, Barja-Fidalgo C. Priming Endothelial Cells With a Melanoma-Derived Extracellular Matrix Triggers the Activation of αvβ3/VEGFR2 Axis. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2464-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Helal-Neto
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Renata M. Brandão-Costa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Roberta Saldanha-Gama
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ribeiro-Pereira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Victor Midlej
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Marlene Benchimol
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Unigranrio; Universidade do Grande Rio; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Verônica Morandi
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, IBRAG; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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90
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Stability and function of adult vasculature is sustained by Akt/Jagged1 signalling axis in endothelium. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10960. [PMID: 26971877 PMCID: PMC4793084 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The signalling pathways operational in quiescent, post-development vasculature remain enigmatic. Here we show that unlike neovascularization, endothelial Akt signalling in established vasculature is crucial not for endothelial cell (EC) survival, but for sustained interactions with pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) regulating vascular stability and function. Inducible endothelial-specific Akt1 deletion in adult global Akt2KO mice triggers progressive VSMC apoptosis. In hearts, this causes a loss of arteries and arterioles and, despite a high capillary density, diminished vascular patency and severe cardiac dysfunction. Similarly, endothelial Akt deletion induces retinal VSMC loss and basement membrane deterioration resulting in vascular regression and retinal atrophy. Mechanistically, the Akt/mTOR axis controls endothelial Jagged1 expression and, thereby, Notch signalling regulating VSMC maintenance. Jagged1 peptide treatment of Akt1ΔEC;Akt2KO mice and Jagged1 re-expression in Akt-deficient endothelium restores VSMC coverage. Thus, sustained endothelial Akt1/2 signalling is critical in maintaining vascular stability and homeostasis, thereby preserving tissue and organ function. The Akt pathway integrates multiple signals, but whether it affects vasculature function is debatable. Here the authors show that Akt pathway shutdown in adult mouse endothelium causes destabilization of vasculature leading to cardiac and retinal dysfunction, due to decreased levels of Jagged1 and impaired Notch signaling.
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91
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Discrete functions of GSK3α and GSK3β isoforms in prostate tumor growth and micrometastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5947-62. [PMID: 25714023 PMCID: PMC4467413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoform specific function of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) in cancer is not well defined. We report that silencing of GSK3α, but not GSK3β expression inhibited proliferation, survival and colony formation by the PC3, DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells, and the growth of PC3 tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice. Silencing of GSK3α, but not GSK3β resulted in reduced proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in tumor xenografts. ShRNA-mediated knockdown of GSK3α and GSK3β equally inhibited the ability of prostate cancer cells to migrate and invade the endothelial-barrier in vitro, and PC3 cell micrometastasis to lungs in vivo. Mechanistically, whereas silencing GSK3α resulted in increased expression of pro-apoptotic markers cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in LNCaP, PC3 and DU145 cells, silencing GSK3β resulted in the inhibition of cell scattering, establishment of cell-cell contacts, increased expression and membrane localization of β-catenin, and reduced expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers such as Snail and MMP-9. This indicated the specific role of GSK3β in EMT, acquisition of motility and invasive potential. Overall, our data demonstrated the isoform specific role of GSK3α and GSK3β in prostate cancer cells in vitro, and tumor growth and micrometastasis in vivo, via distinct molecular and cellular mechanisms.
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92
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Xu K, Shuai Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Gao C, Cao L, Hu F, Akaike T, Wang JX, Gu Z, Yang J. Human VE-Cadherin Fusion Protein as an Artificial Extracellular Matrix Enhancing the Proliferation and Differentiation Functions of Endothelial Cell. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:756-66. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qizhi Shuai
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chao Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lei Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Feifei Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Toshihiro Akaike
- Biomaterials
Center for Regenerative Medical Engineering, Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jian-xi Wang
- National
Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- National
Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials,
Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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93
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Sosne G, Rimmer D, Kleinman H, Ousler G. Thymosin Beta 4. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2016; 102:277-306. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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94
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Ran Y, Xu B, Wang R, Gao Q, Jia Q, Hasan M, Shan S, Ma H, Dai R, Deng Y, Qing H. Dragon's blood extracts reduce radiation-induced peripheral blood injury and protects human megakaryocyte cells from GM-CSF withdraw-induced apoptosis. Phys Med 2016; 32:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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95
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Cohen Y, Dafni H, Avni R, Fellus L, Bochner F, Rotkopf R, Raz T, Benjamin LE, Walsh K, Neeman M. Genetic and Pharmacological Modulation of Akt1 for Improving Ovarian Graft Revascularization in a Mouse Model1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:14. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.131987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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96
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Kurtagic E, Rich CB, Buczek-Thomas JA, Nugent MA. Neutrophil Elastase-Generated Fragment of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Stimulates Macrophage and Endothelial Progenitor Cell Migration. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145115. [PMID: 26672607 PMCID: PMC4682631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastase released from neutrophils as part of the innate immune system has been implicated in chronic diseases such as emphysema and cardiovascular disease. We have previously shown that neutrophil elastase targets vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) for partial degradation to generate a fragment of VEGF (VEGFf) that has distinct activities. Namely, VEGFf binds to VEGF receptor 1 but not to VEGF receptor 2 and shows altered signaling compared to intact VEGF. In the present study we investigated the chemotactic function of VEGF and VEGFf released from cells by neutrophil elastase. We found that endothelial cells migrated in response to intact VEGF but not VEGFf whereas RAW 264.7 macrophages/monocytes and embryonic endothelial progenitor cells were stimulated to migrate by either VEGF or VEGFf. To investigate the role of elastase-mediated release of VEGF from cells/extracellular matrices, a co-culture system was established. High or low VEGF producing cells were co-cultured with macrophages, endothelial or endothelial progenitor cells and treated with neutrophil elastase. Elastase treatment stimulated macrophage and endothelial progenitor cell migration with the response being greater with the high VEGF expressing cells. However, elastase treatment led to decreased endothelial cell migration due to VEGF cleavage to VEGF fragment. These findings suggest that the tissue response to NE-mediated injury might involve the generation of diffusible VEGF fragments that stimulate inflammatory cell recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma Kurtagic
- Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Celeste B. Rich
- Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jo Ann Buczek-Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Matthew A. Nugent
- Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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97
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RPS12 increases the invasiveness in cervical cancer activated by c-Myc and inhibited by the dietary flavonoids luteolin and quercetin. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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98
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Santra M, Chopp M, Santra S, Nallani A, Vyas S, Zhang ZG, Morris DC. Thymosin beta 4 up-regulates miR-200a expression and induces differentiation and survival of rat brain progenitor cells. J Neurochem 2015; 136:118-32. [PMID: 26466330 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4), a secreted 43 amino acid peptide, promotes oligodendrogenesis, and improves neurological outcome in rat models of neurologic injury. We demonstrated that exogenous Tβ4 treatment up-regulated the expression of the miR-200a in vitro in rat brain progenitor cells and in vivo in the peri-infarct area of rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The up-regulation of miR-200a down-regulated the expression of the following targets in vitro and in vivo models: (i) growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), an adaptor protein involved in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/Grb2/Ras/MEK/ERK1/c-Jun signaling pathway, which negatively regulates the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), a marker of mature oligodendrocyte; (ii) ERRFI-1/Mig-6, an endogenous potent kinase inhibitor of EGFR, which resulted in activation/phosphorylation of EGFR; (iii) friend of GATA 2, and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN), which are potent inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway, and resulted in marked activation of AKT; and (iv) transcription factor, p53, which induces pro-apoptotic genes, and possibly reduced apoptosis of the progenitor cells subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). Anti-miR-200a transfection reversed all the effects of Tβ4 treatment in vitro. Thus, Tβ4 up-regulated MBP synthesis, and inhibited OGD-induced apoptosis in a novel miR-200a dependent EGFR signaling pathway. Our findings of miR-200a-mediated protection of progenitor cells may provide a new therapeutic importance for the treatment of neurologic injury. Tβ4-induced micro-RNA-200a (miR-200a) regulates EGFR signaling pathways for MBP synthesis and apoptosis: up-regulation of miR-200a after Tβ4 treatment, increases MBP synthesis after targeting Grb2 and thereby inactivating c-Jun from inhibition of MBP synthesis; and also inhibits OGD-mediated apoptosis after targeting EGFR inhibitor (Mig-6), PI3K inhibitors (FOG2 and Pten) and an inducer (p53) of pro-apoptotic genes, for AKT activation and down-regulation of p53. These findings may contribute the therapeutic benefits for stroke and other neuronal diseases associated with demyelination disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoranjan Santra
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Sutapa Santra
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ankita Nallani
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shivam Vyas
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel C Morris
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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99
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Multiple proliferation-survival signalling pathways are simultaneously active in BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinomas. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:492-7. [PMID: 26403329 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES BRAF is an oncogene which involves in pathogenesis of many thyroid carcinomas.The aim of our study was to investigate whether the downstream signalling pathway of BRAF and AKT kinase signalling pathways were active in BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinoma cells. METHODS Five thyroid (papillary and undifferentiated) carcinoma cell lines and one non-cancer thyroid cell line were screened for their BRAF V600E mutation status by immunofluorescent staining and Western blot. BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinoma cell lines were used to test the activation status of both ERK and AKT kinase proteins through immunofluorescent studies and Western blots. RESULTS Expressions of BRAF V600E mutated protein were confirmed in four thyroid (papillary and undifferentiated) carcinoma cell lines. In these cell lines, both active ERK and active AKT kinase proteins were found in BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinoma cells by immunofluorescent staining and Western blots experiments. CONCLUSIONS In BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinomas, active ERK and active AKT kinase proteins were noted. They are able to stimulate multiple downstream signalling pathways which ultimately result in increased proliferation and survival activities for cancer cells. Therefore, consideration needs to put on multiple targets when deciding molecular target therapies for patients with BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinoma.
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100
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Overexpression of miRNA-497 inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting VEGFR2. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13827. [PMID: 26345385 PMCID: PMC4561885 DOI: 10.1038/srep13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reported miR-497 exhibited inhibitory effects in various cancers. However, whether miR-497 is involved in inhibiting angiogenesis, which is critical for tumor growth and metastasis, is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential role of miR-497 in tumor angiogenesis. In this work, cell proliferation and apoptosis analyses were conducted to explore the potential function of miR-497 in HUVECs by using MTT and TUNEL assays. Western blotting (WB) was employed to validate the downstream targets of miR-497. Furthermore, in order to disclose the role of miR-497 on angiogenesis, VEGFR2-luc transgenic mice were treated with miR-497 mimic and applied to monitor tumor angiogenesis and growth by in vivo bioluminescent imaging (BLI). The results demonstrated that overexpression of miR-497 showed inhibitory effects on VEGFR2 activation and downstream Raf/MEK/ERK signal pathways in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, overexpression of miR-497 effectively induced HUVECs apoptosis by targeting VEGFR2 and downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-497 exhibited anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor effects in the VEGFR2-luc breast tumor model proven by BLI, WB and immunohistochemistry analysis. In summary, miR-497 inhibits tumor angiogenesis and growth via targeting VEGFR2, indicating miR-497 can be explored as a potential drug candidate for cancer therapy.
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