51
|
Zhang T, Wang Y, Inuzuka H, Wei W. Necroptosis pathways in tumorigenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:32-40. [PMID: 35908574 PMCID: PMC11010659 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death executed by the receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-RIPK3-mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling cascade, deregulation of which can cause various human diseases including cancer. Escape from programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer, leading to uncontrolled growth and drug resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to further understand whether necroptosis plays a key role in therapeutic resistance. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of the link between necroptosis and cancer, and discuss that targeting necroptosis is a new strategy to overcome apoptosis resistance in tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yingnan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Yadav K, Singh D, Singh MR, Pradhan M. Nano-constructs targeting the primary cellular energy source of cancer cells for modulating tumor progression. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
53
|
Zhao Y, Chard Dunmall LS, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Si L. Natural products targeting glycolysis in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036502. [PMID: 36386122 PMCID: PMC9663463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many energy metabolism pathways exist in cancer, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration. Tumor cells mainly generate energy through glycolysis to maintain growth and biosynthesis of tumor cells under aerobic conditions. Natural products regulate many steps in glycolysis and targeting glycolysis using natural products is a promising approach to cancer treatment. In this review, we exemplify the relationship between glycolysis and tumors, demonstrate the natural products that have been discovered to target glycolysis for cancer treatment and clarify the mechanisms involved in their actions. Natural products, such as resveratrol mostly found in red grape skin, licochalcone A derived from root of Glycyrrhiza inflate, and brusatol found in Brucea javanica and Brucea mollis, largely derived from plant or animal material, can affect glycolysis pathways in cancer by targeting glycolytic enzymes and related proteins, oncogenes, and numerous glycolytic signal proteins. Knowledge of how natural products regulate aerobic glycolysis will help illuminate the mechanisms by which these products can be used as therapeutics to inhibit cancer cell growth and regulate cellular metabolism. Systematic Review Registration: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, https://clinicaltrials.gov/, http://lib.zzu.edu.cn/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Louisa S Chard Dunmall
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhenguo Cheng
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lingling Si
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Sazonova EV, Chesnokov MS, Zhivotovsky B, Kopeina GS. Drug toxicity assessment: cell proliferation versus cell death. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:417. [PMID: 36241623 PMCID: PMC9568594 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs is one of the main tasks of clinical pharmacology. Decreased viability of tumor cells may reflect two important physiological processes, namely the arrest of proliferation associated with disturbances in cellular metabolism or actual cell death. Elucidation of the exact processes mediating a reduction in the number of cells is fundamentally important to establish the mechanisms of drug action. Only the use of a combination of cell biological and biochemical approaches makes it possible to understand these mechanisms. Here, using various lines of tumor cells and a set of methodological approaches, we carried out a detailed comparative analysis and demonstrated the possible ways to overcome the uncertainties in establishing the mechanisms of cell response to the action of chemotherapeutic drugs and their toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Sazonova
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. .,Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gelina S Kopeina
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Targeting Glucose Metabolism Enzymes in Cancer Treatment: Current and Emerging Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194568. [PMID: 36230492 PMCID: PMC9559313 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Reprogramming of glucose metabolism is a hallmark of cancer and can be targeted by therapeutic agents. Some metabolism regulators, such as ivosidenib and enasidenib, have been approved for cancer treatment. Currently, more advanced and effective glucose metabolism enzyme-targeted anticancer drugs have been developed. Furthermore, some natural products have shown efficacy in killing tumor cells by regulating glucose metabolism, offering novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer. However, most of them have failed to be translated into clinical applications due to low selectivity, high toxicity, and side effects. Recent studies suggest that combining glucose metabolism modulators with chemotherapeutic drugs, immunotherapeutic drugs, and other conventional anticancer drugs may be a future direction for cancer treatment. Abstract Reprogramming of glucose metabolism provides sufficient energy and raw materials for the proliferation, metastasis, and immune escape of cancer cells, which is enabled by glucose metabolism-related enzymes that are abundantly expressed in a broad range of cancers. Therefore, targeting glucose metabolism enzymes has emerged as a promising strategy for anticancer drug development. Although several glucose metabolism modulators have been approved for cancer treatment in recent years, some limitations exist, such as a short half-life, poor solubility, and numerous adverse effects. With the rapid development of medicinal chemicals, more advanced and effective glucose metabolism enzyme-targeted anticancer drugs have been developed. Additionally, several studies have found that some natural products can suppress cancer progression by regulating glucose metabolism enzymes. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the reprogramming of glucose metabolism and present enzymes that could serve as therapeutic targets. In addition, we systematically review the existing drugs targeting glucose metabolism enzymes, including small-molecule modulators and natural products. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for glucose metabolism enzyme-targeted anticancer drugs are also discussed. In conclusion, combining glucose metabolism modulators with conventional anticancer drugs may be a promising cancer treatment strategy.
Collapse
|
56
|
Traxler L, Herdy JR, Stefanoni D, Eichhorner S, Pelucchi S, Szücs A, Santagostino A, Kim Y, Agarwal RK, Schlachetzki JCM, Glass CK, Lagerwall J, Galasko D, Gage FH, D'Alessandro A, Mertens J. Warburg-like metabolic transformation underlies neuronal degeneration in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1248-1263.e6. [PMID: 35987203 PMCID: PMC9458870 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The drivers of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain incompletely understood. Utilizing directly converted induced neurons (iNs) from AD-patient-derived fibroblasts, we identified a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis in AD iNs. Pathological isoform switching of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M (PKM) toward the cancer-associated PKM2 isoform conferred metabolic and transcriptional changes in AD iNs. These alterations occurred via PKM2's lack of metabolic activity and via nuclear translocation and association with STAT3 and HIF1α to promote neuronal fate loss and vulnerability. Chemical modulation of PKM2 prevented nuclear translocation, restored a mature neuronal metabolism, reversed AD-specific gene expression changes, and re-activated neuronal resilience against cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Traxler
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Joseph R Herdy
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria; Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Davide Stefanoni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sophie Eichhorner
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Attila Szücs
- Neuronal Cell Biology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Alice Santagostino
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Yongsung Kim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5624, USA
| | - Ravi K Agarwal
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Johannes C M Schlachetzki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jessica Lagerwall
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fred H Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jerome Mertens
- Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria; Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wang S, Liu G, Li Y, Pan Y. Metabolic Reprogramming Induces Macrophage Polarization in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840029. [PMID: 35874739 PMCID: PMC9302576 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most important cells in the innate immune system, they are converted into two distinct subtypes with completely different molecular phenotypes and functional features under different stimuli of the microenvironment: M1 macrophages induced by IFN-γ/lipopolysaccharides(LPS) and M2 macrophages induced by IL-4/IL-10/IL-13. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) differentiate from macrophages through various factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs have the phenotype and function of M2 macrophages and are capable of secreting multiple cytokines to promote tumor progression. Both tumor cells and macrophages can meet the energy needs for rapid cell growth and proliferation through metabolic reprogramming, so a comprehensive understanding of pro-tumor and antitumor metabolic switches in TAM is essential to understanding immune escape mechanisms. This paper focuses on the functions of relevant signaling pathways and cytokines during macrophage polarization and metabolic reprogramming, and briefly discusses the effects of different microenvironments and macrophage pathogenicity, in addition to describing the research progress of inhibitory drugs for certain metabolic and polarized signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yirong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunbao Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
El-Far AH, Al Jaouni SK, Li X, Fu J. Cancer metabolism control by natural products: Pyruvate kinase M2 targeting therapeutics. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3181-3201. [PMID: 35794729 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycolysis is the primary source of energy for cancer growth and metastasis. The shift in metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is called the Warburg effect. Cancer progression due to aerobic glycolysis is often associated with the activation of oncogenes or the loss of tumor suppressors. Therefore, inhibition of glycolysis is one of the effective strategies in cancer control. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key glycolytic enzyme overexpressed in breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and liver cancers. Here, we discuss published studies regarding PKM2 inhibitors from natural products that are promising drug candidates for cancer therapy. We have highlighted the potential of natural PKM2 inhibitors for various cancer types. Moreover, we encourage researchers to evaluate the combinational effects between natural and synthetic PKM2 inhibitors. Also, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,School of Arts and Sciences, New York University-Shanghai, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Comprehensive Characterization of Necroptosis-Related lncRNAs in Bladder Cancer Identifies a Novel Signature for Prognosis Prediction. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2360299. [PMID: 35711565 PMCID: PMC9194958 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2360299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most serious genitourinary malignant diseases with a poor prognosis. Necroptosis is a regulated form of cell death, and targeting necroptosis is emerging as a potential tumor therapy strategy. Nevertheless, the roles of necroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (nrlncRNAs) in BC remains to be illustrated. This work is aimed at studying the clinical implications of nrlncRNAs in BC. Methods The RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data, downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, were utilized to obtain prognostic nrlncRNAs and construct a prediction nomogram for BC. The comprehensive profiling of the functional pathways, immune status, mutational landscape, and drug sensitivity related to the necroptosis-related lncRNA signature (NerRLsig) was performed. Results Herein, a signature consisting of 12 necroptosis-related lncRNAs (AC015802.4, AL391807.1, AL078644.1, AC023825.2, AL132655.2, AP003352.1, STAG3L5P-PVRIG2P-PILRB, AC024451.4, MAP3K14-AS1, AL731567.1, AC010542.5, and AC009299.2) was constructed. The established signature can independently predict the poor overall survival of BC patients. Additionally, the NerRLsig had higher diagnostic validity compared to other clinicopathological variables, with a greater area under the receptor operating characteristic and concordance index curves. Finally, we found the differences in the functional signaling pathway, immune status, mutational profile, and drug sensitivity between the two subgroups. Conclusion This research revealed that the prognostic NerRLsig and nomogram could accurately predict the prognosis of BC.
Collapse
|
60
|
Dai Y, Liu Y, Li J, Jin M, Yang H, Huang G. Shikonin inhibited glycolysis and sensitized cisplatin treatment in non-small cell lung cancer cells via the exosomal pyruvate kinase M2 pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13906-13918. [PMID: 35706397 PMCID: PMC9275963 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2086378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine comfrey is shikonin, a naphthoquinone compound. The focus of this study was to investigate the effect of shikonin on the proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and to explore its underlying molecular biological mechanisms. The results show that shikonin inhibited the viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells A549 and PC9, and induced apoptosis. As the inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key enzyme in glycolysis, shikonin inhibited glucose uptake and the production of lactate, the final metabolite of aerobic glycolysis. In vivo chemotherapeutic assay showed that shikonin reduced the tumor volume and weight in NSCLC mice model and increased the sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. Histoimmunology experiments showed the combination of shikonin and cisplatin downregulated the expression of PKM2 and its transcriptionally regulated downstream gene glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue. In an assessment of glucose metabolism, micro-PET/CT data showed a combination of shikonin and cisplatin inhibited the fluorodeoxy glucose (18F-FDG) uptake into tumor. Since exosomal PKM2 affected the sensitivity to cisplatin in NSCLC cells, we also demonstrated shikonin could inhibit exosome secretion and exosomal PKM2 through the administration of exosomal inhibitor GW4869. Furthermore, shikonin sensitized cisplatin treatment by reducing the extracellular secretion of exosomal PKM2. In conclusion, we suggest that shikonin not only inhibits PKM2 intracellularly but also reduces glycolytic flux and increases cisplatin sensitivity through the exosomal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Dai
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mingming Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Nie S, Huili Y, He Y, Hu J, Kang S, Cao F. Identification of Bladder Cancer Subtypes Based on Necroptosis-Related Genes, Construction of a Prognostic Model. Front Surg 2022; 9:860857. [PMID: 35478725 PMCID: PMC9035642 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.860857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNecroptosis is associated with the development of many tumors but in bladder cancer the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prognosis associated with necroptosis is unclear.MethodsWe classified patients into different necroptosis subtypes by the expression level of NRGS (necroptosis-related genes) and analyzed the relationship between necroptosis subtypes of bladder cancer and TME, then extracted differentially expressed genes (DEGS) of necroptosis subtypes, classified patients into different gene subtypes according to DEGS, and performed univariate COX analysis on DEGS to obtain prognosis-related DEGS. All patients included in the analysis were randomized into the Train and Test groups in a 1:1 ratio, and the prognostic model was obtained using the LASSO algorithm and multivariate COX analysis with the Train group as the sample, and external validation of the model was conducted using the GSE32894.ResultsTwo necroptosis subtypes and three gene subtypes were obtained by clustering analysis and the prognosis-related DEGS was subjected to the LASSO algorithm and multivariate COX analysis to determine six predictors to construct the prognostic model using the formula: riskScore = CERCAM × 0.0035 + POLR1H × −0.0294 + KCNJ15 × −0.0172 + GSDMB × −0.0109 + EHBP1 × 0.0295 + TRIM38 × −0.0300. The results of the survival curve, roc curve, and risk curve proved the reliability of the prognostic model by validating the model with the test group and the results of the calibration chart of the Nomogram applicable to the clinic also showed its good accuracy. Necroptosis subtype A with high immune infiltration had a higher risk score than necroptosis subtype B, gene subtype B with low immune infiltration had a lower risk score than gene subtypes A and C, CSC index was negatively correlated with the risk score and drug sensitivity prediction showed that commonly used chemotherapeutic agents were highly sensitive to the high-risk group.ConclusionOur analysis of NRGS in bladder cancer reveals their potential role in TME, immunity, and prognosis. These findings may improve our understanding of necroptosis in bladder cancer and provide some reference for predicting prognosis and developing immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Nie
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Youlong Huili
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yadong He
- Department of General Practice, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Junchao Hu
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shaosan Kang
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Fenghong Cao
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Fenghong Cao
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Wu H, Du J, Li C, Li H, Guo H, Li Z. Kaempferol Can Reverse the 5-Fu Resistance of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting PKM2-Mediated Glycolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3544. [PMID: 35408903 PMCID: PMC8998549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) chemotherapy is the main cause of treatment failure in the cure of colon cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore a safe and effective multidrug resistance reversal agent for colorectal cancer, which would be of great significance for improving clinical efficacy. The dietary flavonoid kaempferol plays a key role in the progression of colorectal cancer and 5-Fu resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of kaempferol in reversing 5-Fu resistance in human colorectal cancer cells is still unclear. We found that kaempferol could reverse the drug resistance of HCT8-R cells to 5-Fu, suggesting that kaempferol alone or in combination with 5-Fu has the potential to treat colorectal cancer. It is well known that aerobic glycolysis is related to tumor growth and chemotherapy resistance. Indeed, kaempferol treatment significantly reduced glucose uptake and lactic acid production in drug-resistant colorectal cancer cells. In terms of mechanism, kaempferol promotes the expression of microRNA-326 (miR-326) in colon cancer cells, and miR-326 could inhibit the process of glycolysis by directly targeting pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) 3'-UTR (untranslated region) to inhibit the expression of PKM2 or indirectly block the alternative splicing factors of PKM mRNA, and then reverse the resistance of colorectal cancer cells to 5-Fu. Taken together, our data suggest that kaempferol may play an important role in overcoming resistance to 5-Fu therapy by regulating the miR-326-hnRNPA1/A2/PTBP1-PKM2 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haili Wu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Jin’e Du
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Chenglu Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hanqing Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Huiqin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Shi Z, Jiang T, Cao B, Sun X, Liu J. CAF-derived exosomes deliver LINC01410 to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2022; 412:113033. [PMID: 35041823 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes mediate cellular communications in cancer by transmitting active molecules. However, the CAFs-derived molecular determinants that regulate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) metastasis have not been fully characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential roles of exosomal LINC01410 of ESCC cells. The characteristics of exosomes were identified using transmission electron microscope (TEM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). The expression of LINC01410 and miR-122-5p was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. The biological roles of LINC01410 in ESCC cells were investigated using transwell assay. Western blot assay was employed to detect protein levels. The potential downstream molecular mechanism of LINC01410 was demonstrated with dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull down. CAFs promote the metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ESCC cells. CAFs exert their roles by transferring exosomes to ESCC cells, leading to a significant increase of LINC01410 level in ESCC cells. Mechanically, LINC01410 secreted by CAFs-Exo could contribute to metastasis and EMT by sponging miR-122-5p and increasing PKM2 level in TE-1 and Eca-109 cells. Additionally, LINC01410/miR-122-5p/PKM2 axis affecting ESCC metastasis and EMT in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China; Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bingji Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xusheng Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - JunFeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Construction of Glycolytic Regulator Gene Signature to Predict the Prognosis and Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration Levels for Prostate Cancer. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9273559. [PMID: 35242214 PMCID: PMC8888065 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9273559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the commonly generated noncutaneous neoplasm among men worldwide. Glycolysis had been validated to promote cancer progression. However, the clinical significance of glycolytic regulators in PCa was not well understood. Here, we discovered that glycolytic regulators were dysregulated in PCa samples using GSE8511, GSE6919, and GEPIA. By detecting the expression of these regulators in PCa samples, we found that SLC2A1, SLC2A3, HK2, PFKFB2, TPI1, PKM2, and LDHA had higher expression in PCa compared with normal tissues. Moreover, both higher expression of TPI1, ALDOA, ENO1, LDHA, and PKM and lower expression of LDHB and HK2 were significantly related to shorter progression-free survival time in PCa. Of note, an 8 gene-based risk score was further constructed and confirmed to have a good performance in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) time in PCa. The signature risk score significantly correlated with NK cell, neutrophil cell, macrophage M2 cell, and myeloid dendritic cell infiltration levels in PCa. After bioinformatics analysis, our data suggested glycolytic regulators participated in the regulation of multiple nonmetabolic biological processes, such as RNA transport, biosynthesis of antibiotics, and cell cycle. We recapitulate that the glycolytic regulator signature was a prospective indicator for prognosis and immune cell infiltration levels in PCa.
Collapse
|
65
|
Markowitsch SD, Vakhrusheva O, Schupp P, Akele Y, Kitanovic J, Slade KS, Efferth T, Thomas A, Tsaur I, Mager R, Haferkamp A, Juengel E. Shikonin Inhibits Cell Growth of Sunitinib-Resistant Renal Cell Carcinoma by Activating the Necrosome Complex and Inhibiting the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051114. [PMID: 35267423 PMCID: PMC8909272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance remains a major challenge in treating advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), making more effective treatment strategies crucial. Shikonin (SHI) from traditional Chinese medicine has exhibited antitumor properties in several tumor entities. We, therefore, currently investigated SHI's impact on progressive growth and metastatic behavior in therapy-sensitive (parental) and therapy-resistant Caki-1, 786-O, KTCTL-26, and A498 RCC cells. Tumor cell growth, proliferation, clonogenic capacity, cell cycle phase distribution, induction of cell death (apoptosis and necroptosis), and the expression and activity of regulating and signaling proteins were evaluated. Moreover, the adhesion and chemotactic activity of the RCC cells after exposure to SHI were investigated. SHI significantly inhibited the growth, proliferation, and clone formation in parental and sunitinib-resistant RCC cells by G2/M phase arrest through down-regulation of cell cycle activating proteins. Furthermore, SHI induced apoptosis and necroptosis by activating necrosome complex proteins. Concomitantly, SHI impaired the AKT/mTOR pathway. Adhesion and motility were cell line specifically affected by SHI. Thus, SHI may hold promise as an additive option in treating patients with advanced and therapy-resistant RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha D. Markowitsch
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Olesya Vakhrusheva
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Patricia Schupp
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Yasminn Akele
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Jovana Kitanovic
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Kimberly S. Slade
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Anita Thomas
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - René Mager
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (O.V.); (P.S.); (Y.A.); (J.K.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (R.M.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-17-5433; Fax: +49-6131-17-4410
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Shi ZD, Hao L, Han XX, Wu ZX, Pang K, Dong Y, Qin JX, Wang GY, Zhang XM, Xia T, Liang Q, Zhao Y, Li R, Zhang SQ, Zhang JH, Chen JG, Wang GC, Chen ZS, Han CH. Targeting HNRNPU to overcome cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:37. [PMID: 35130920 PMCID: PMC8819945 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The overall response of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) remains unsatisfactory due to the complex pathological subtypes, genomic difference, and drug resistance. The genes that associated with cisplatin resistance remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify the cisplatin resistance associated genes in BUC. Experimental design The cytotoxicity of cisplatin was evaluated in six bladder cancer cell lines to compare their responses to cisplatin. The T24 cancer cells exhibited the lowest sensitivity to cisplatin and was therefore selected to explore the mechanisms of drug resistance. We performed genome-wide CRISPR screening in T24 cancer cells in vitro, and identified that the gene heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU) was the top candidate gene related to cisplatin resistance. Epigenetic and transcriptional profiles of HNRNPU-depleted cells after cisplatin treatment were analyzed to investigate the relationship between HNRNPU and cisplatin resistance. In vivo experiments were also performed to demonstrate the function of HNRNPU depletion in cisplatin sensitivity. Results Significant correlation was found between HNRNPU expression level and sensitivity to cisplatin in bladder cancer cell lines. In the high HNRNPU expressing T24 cancer cells, knockout of HNRNPU inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In addition, loss of HNRNPU promoted apoptosis and S-phase arrest in the T24 cells treated with cisplatin. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) demonstrated that HNRNPU expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. High HNRNPU level was negatively correlated with patient survival. Transcriptomic profiling analysis showed that knockout of HNRNPU enhanced cisplatin sensitivity by regulating DNA damage repair genes. Furthermore, it was found that HNRNPU regulates chemosensitivity by affecting the expression of neurofibromin 1 (NF1). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that HNRNPU expression is associated with cisplatin sensitivity in bladder urothelial carcinoma cells. Inhibition of HNRNPU could be a potential therapy for cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01517-9.
Collapse
|
67
|
Novel smac mimetic ASTX660 (Tolinapant) and TNF-α synergistically induce necroptosis in bladder cancer cells in vitro upon apoptosis inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 602:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
68
|
Li J, Bolyard C, Xin G, Li Z. Targeting Metabolic Pathways of Myeloid Cells Improves Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:747863. [PMID: 34988072 PMCID: PMC8721007 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.747863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells are a prominent pro-tumorigenic immune cell population that limit host anti-tumor immunity and present a significant obstacle for many cancer immunotherapies. Targeting the mechanisms regulating myeloid cell function within the tumor microenvironment may overcome immunotherapy resistance in some cancers. Recent discoveries in the emerging field of immunometabolism reveal that the metabolic profiles of intratumoral myeloid cells are rewired to adapt to the nutrition-limited tumor microenvironment, and this shapes their pro-tumor phenotypes. Interestingly, metabolic modulation can shift these myeloid cells toward the immune-stimulating anti-tumor phenotype. In this review, we will highlight the roles of specific metabolic pathways in the activation and function of myeloid cells, and discuss the therapeutic value of metabolically reprogramming myeloid cells to augment and improve outcomes with cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Li
- Pelotonia Institute of Immuno-Oncology, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Chelsea Bolyard
- Pelotonia Institute of Immuno-Oncology, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gang Xin
- Pelotonia Institute of Immuno-Oncology, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute of Immuno-Oncology, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Medical Oncology, the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Sun Q, Gong T, Liu M, Ren S, Yang H, Zeng S, Zhao H, Chen L, Ming T, Meng X, Xu H. Shikonin, a naphthalene ingredient: Therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:153805. [PMID: 34749177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin is one of the major phytochemical components of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Purple Cromwell), which is a type of medicinal herb broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine. It is well established that shikonin possesses remarkable therapeutic actions on various diseases, with the underlying mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and toxicological effects elusive. Also, the clinical trial and pharmaceutical study of shikonin remain to be comprehensively delineated. PURPOSE The present review aimed to systematically summarize the updated knowledge regarding the therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicological effects, clinical trial and pharmaceutical study of shikonin. METHODS The information contained in this review article were retrieved from some authoritative databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and so on, till August 2021. RESULTS Shikonin exerts multiple therapeutic efficacies, such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, cardiovascular protection, anti-microbiomes, analgesia, anti-obesity, brain protection, and so on, mainly by regulating the NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/MAPKs, Akt/mTOR, TGF-β, GSK3β, TLR4/Akt signaling pathways, NLRP3 inflammasome, reactive oxygen stress, Bax/Bcl-2, etc. In terms of pharmacokinetics, shikonin has an unfavorable oral bioavailability, 64.6% of the binding rate of plasma protein, and enhances some metabolic enzymes, particularly including cytochrome P450. In regard to the toxicological effects, shikonin may potentially cause nephrotoxicity and skin allergy. The above pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of shikonin have been validated by few clinical trials. In addition, pharmaceutical innovation of shikonin with novel drug delivery system such as nanoparticles, liposomes, microemulsions, nanogel, cyclodextrin complexes, micelles and polymers are beneficial to the development of shikonin-based drugs. CONCLUSIONS Shikonin is a promising phytochemical for drug candidates. Extensive and intensive explorations on shikonin are warranted to expedite the utilization of shikonin-based drugs in the clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Patel S, Globisch C, Pulugu P, Kumar P, Jain A, Shard A. Novel imidazopyrimidines-based molecules induce tetramerization of tumor pyruvate kinase M2 and exhibit potent antiproliferative profile. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 170:106112. [PMID: 34971746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of novel and potent lead molecules for the specific therapeutic targets by de novo drug design is still in infancy. Here, we disclose the unprecedented development of imidazopyri(mi)dine-based tumor pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) modulators by subsequent link and grow strategy. The most potent modulator 15n acts as a PKM2 activator with an AC50 of 90 nM, with considerable cancer cell-selectivity and membrane-permeability. NMR metabolomics studies also revealed that treatment with 15n results in diminution in lactate concentrations in MCF-7 cells. 15n binds to a previously reported site at PKM2 adjacent to the interface of two monomers. In molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies, it was observed that 15n stabilizes the PKM2 at the dimeric interface, assisting in the formation of a biologically active tetramer conformation. 15n was also screened on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines grown on 3-D scaffolds, and the results exhibited better anticancer potential compared to control, paving the way for future clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sagarkumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj-Basan Road, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Priyanka Pulugu
- Department of Medical Devices National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj-Basan Road, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Prasoon Kumar
- Department of Medical Devices National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj-Basan Road, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Alok Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj-Basan Road, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India; Department of Bioengineering, BIT Mesra, Ranchi, India.
| | - Amit Shard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj-Basan Road, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Zhu L, Li K, Liu M, Liu K, Ma S, Cai W. Anti-cancer Research on Arnebiae Radix-derived Naphthoquinone in Recent Five Years. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:218-230. [PMID: 34886780 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666211209164745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, many naphthoquinone compounds with anticancer activity have been identified in Arnebiae Radix, and some of them have the potential to be developed into anticancer drugs. OBJECTIVE This article aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the anticancer effects of naphthoquinone compounds through a detailed review of literature and Chinese patents, and discuss their potential to be developed as anticancer drugs for clinical application. METHODS Research papers were collected through the databases of PubMed, Cnki and SciDirect using keyword searches "naphthoquinone compounds" and "anticancer". The keywords of "shikonin" and "shikonin derivatives" were also used in PubMed, Cnki and SciDirect databases to collect research articles. The Chinese patents were collected using the Cnki patent database. RESULTS Naphthoquinone compounds have been found to possess anti-cancer activity, and their modes of action are associated with inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, promoting autophagy in cancer cells, anti-cancer angiogenesis and inhibition of cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis, inhibiting glycolysis and inhibiting DNA topoisomerase activity. CONCLUSION Most of the naphthoquinone compounds show effective anti-cancer activity in vitro. The structure modification of naphthoquinone aims to develop anti-cancer drugs with high efficacy and low toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 41800. China
| | - Kailin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 41800. China
| | - Mingjuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 41800. China
| | - Kexin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 41800. China
| | - Shengjun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 41800. China
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 41800. China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
He YF, Mai CT, Pan HD, Liu L, Zhou H, Xie Y. Targeting immunometabolism by active ingredients derived from traditional Chinese medicines for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:451-460. [PMID: 36119361 PMCID: PMC9476673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common inflammatory arthropathy word wild, is a systemic autoimmune disease that mainly affects the synovium of joints with a high disability rate. Metabolic mis-regulation has emerged as a fundamental pathogenesis of RA linked to immune cell dysfunction, while targeting immunometabolism provides a new and effective approach to regulate the immune responses and thus alleviate the symptom of RA. Recently, natural active compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have potential therapeutic effects on RA and regulating immunometabolism. In this review, in addition to updating the connection between cellular metabolism and cell function in immune cells of RA, we summarized that the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the potential natural compounds from TCM by targeting metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, and discusses them as a rich resource for providing the new potential paradigm for the treatment of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hu-dan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Yang YF, Chuang HW, Kuo WT, Lin BS, Chang YC. Current Development and Application of Anaerobic Glycolytic Enzymes in Urothelial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910612. [PMID: 34638949 PMCID: PMC8508954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial cancer is a malignant tumor with metastatic ability and high mortality. Malignant tumors of the urinary system include upper tract urothelial cancer and bladder cancer. In addition to typical genetic alterations and epigenetic modifications, metabolism-related events also occur in urothelial cancer. This metabolic reprogramming includes aberrant expression levels of genes, metabolites, and associated networks and pathways. In this review, we summarize the dysfunctions of glycolytic enzymes in urothelial cancer and discuss the relevant phenotype and signal transduction. Moreover, we describe potential prognostic factors and risks to the survival of clinical cancer patients. More importantly, based on several available databases, we explore relationships between glycolytic enzymes and genetic changes or drug responses in urothelial cancer cells. Current advances in glycolysis-based inhibitors and their combinations are also discussed. Combining all of the evidence, we indicate their potential value for further research in basic science and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan;
| | - Hao-Wen Chuang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan;
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Syuan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2826-7064
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Targeting Drug Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Using Natural Products. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101353. [PMID: 34680470 PMCID: PMC8533186 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. The development of drug resistance is the main contributor to cancer-related mortality. Cancer cells exploit multiple mechanisms to reduce the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, thereby causing chemotherapy failure. Natural products are accessible, inexpensive, and less toxic sources of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, they have multiple mechanisms of action to inhibit various targets involved in the development of drug resistance. In this review, we have summarized the basic research and clinical applications of natural products as possible inhibitors for drug resistance in cancer. The molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of each natural product are also explained. Diverse drug resistance biomarkers were sensitive to natural products. P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein can be targeted by a large number of natural products. On the other hand, protein kinase C and topoisomerases were less sensitive to most of the studied natural products. The studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for scientists to explore the possible use of natural products in combination anticancer therapies to overcome drug resistance by targeting multiple drug resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
|
75
|
Efimova I, Catanzaro E, Van der Meeren L, Turubanova VD, Hammad H, Mishchenko TA, Vedunova MV, Fimognari C, Bachert C, Coppieters F, Lefever S, Skirtach AG, Krysko O, Krysko DV. Vaccination with early ferroptotic cancer cells induces efficient antitumor immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001369. [PMID: 33188036 PMCID: PMC7668384 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy represents the future of clinical cancer treatment. The type of cancer cell death determines the antitumor immune response and thereby contributes to the efficacy of anticancer therapy and long-term survival of patients. Induction of immunogenic apoptosis or necroptosis in cancer cells does activate antitumor immunity, but resistance to these cell death modalities is common. Therefore, it is of great importance to find other ways to kill tumor cells. Recently, ferroptosis has been identified as a novel, iron-dependent form of regulated cell death but whether ferroptotic cancer cells are immunogenic is unknown. Methods Ferroptotic cell death in murine fibrosarcoma MCA205 or glioma GL261 cells was induced by RAS-selective lethal 3 and ferroptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, atomic force and confocal microscopy. ATP and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release were detected by luminescence and ELISA assays, respectively. Immunogenicity in vitro was analyzed by coculturing of ferroptotic cancer cells with bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and rate of phagocytosis and activation/maturation of BMDCs (CD11c+CD86+, CD11c+CD40+, CD11c+MHCII+, IL-6, RNAseq analysis). The tumor prophylactic vaccination model in immune-competent and immune compromised (Rag-2−/−) mice was used to analyze ferroptosis immunogenicity. Results Ferroptosis can be induced in cancer cells by inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4, as evidenced by confocal and atomic force microscopy and inhibitors’ analysis. We demonstrate for the first time that ferroptosis is immunogenic in vitro and in vivo. Early, but not late, ferroptotic cells promote the phenotypic maturation of BMDCs and elicit a vaccination-like effect in immune-competent mice but not in Rag-2−/− mice, suggesting that the mechanism of immunogenicity is very tightly regulated by the adaptive immune system and is time dependent. Also, ATP and HMGB1, the best-characterized damage-associated molecular patterns involved in immunogenic cell death, have proven to be passively released along the timeline of ferroptosis and act as immunogenic signal associated with the immunogenicity of early ferroptotic cancer cells. Conclusions These results pave the way for the development of new therapeutic strategies for cancers based on induction of ferroptosis, and thus broadens the current concept of immunogenic cell death and opens the door for the development of new strategies in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Efimova
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory (CDIT), Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Louis Van der Meeren
- NanoBioTechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Victoria D Turubanova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tatiana A Mishchenko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria V Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Claus Bachert
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frauke Coppieters
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steve Lefever
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,NanoBioTechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olga Krysko
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory (CDIT), Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Shi F, Zhang L, Liu X, Wang Y. Knock-down of microRNA miR-556-5p increases cisplatin-sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via activating NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-mediated pyroptotic cell death. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6332-6342. [PMID: 34488537 PMCID: PMC8806686 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1971502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are closely associated with cancer progression and drug resistance, however, up until now, the involvement of miR-556-5p in regulating cisplatin-sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been studied. In the present study, we found that miR-556-5p was significantly upregulated in the cisplatin-resistant NSCLC (CR-NSCLC) patients’ tissues and cells, instead of the corresponding cisplatin-sensitive NSCLC (CS-NSCLC) tissues and cells. Further experiments validated that knock-down of miR-556-5p suppressed cell viability and tumorigenesis, and induced cell apoptosis in the cisplatin-treated CR-NSCLC cells, and conversely, upregulation of miR-556-5p increased cisplatin-resistance in CS-NSCLC cells. Interestingly, miR-556-5p ablation triggered pyroptotic cell death in cisplatin-treated CR-NSCLC cells via upregulating NLRP3, and the promoting effects of miR-556-5p silence on cisplatin-sensitivity in CR-NSCLC cells were abrogated by both cell pyroptosis inhibitor NSA and NLRP3 downregulation. Taken together, this study firstly evidenced that induction of NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis by miR-556-5p downregulation was effective to increase cisplatin-sensitivity in NSCLC, which provided new therapy strategies to overcome chemo-resistance for NSCLC patients in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Luquan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Xiang Y, Peng F, Guo Y, Ge H, Cai S, Fan L, Peng Y, Wen H, Wang Q, Tao L. Connexin32 activates necroptosis through Src-mediated inhibition of caspase 8 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3507-3519. [PMID: 34050696 PMCID: PMC8409421 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is an alternative form of programmed cell death that generally occurs under apoptosis-deficient conditions. Our previous work showed that connexin32 (Cx32) promotes the malignant progress of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by enhancing the ability of resisting apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Whether triggering necroptosis is a promising strategy to eliminate the apoptosis-resistant HCC cells with high Cx32 expression remains unknown. In this study, we found that Cx32 expression was positively correlated with the expression of necroptosis protein biomarkers in human HCC specimens, cell lines, and a xenograft model. Treatment with shikonin, a well-used necroptosis inducer, markedly caused necroptosis in HCC cells. Interestingly, overexpressed Cx32 exacerbated shikonin-induced necroptosis, but downregulation of Cx32 alleviated necroptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Cx32 was found to bind to Src and promote Src-mediated caspase 8 phosphorylation and inactivation, which ultimately reduced the activated caspase 8-mediated proteolysis of receptor-interacting serine-threonine protein kinase 1/3, the key molecule for necroptosis activation. In conclusion, we showed that Cx32 contributed to the activation of necroptosis in HCC cells through binding to Src and then mediating the inactivation of caspase 8. The present study suggested that necroptosis inducers could be more favorable than apoptosis inducers to eliminate HCC cells with high expression of Cx32.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐ke Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fu‐hua Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yun‐quan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central AsiaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiPR China
| | - Hui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central AsiaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiPR China
| | - Shao‐yi Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Li‐xia Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yue‐xia Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central AsiaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiPR China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liang Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central AsiaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiPR China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Programmed cell death, redox imbalance, and cancer therapeutics. Apoptosis 2021; 26:385-414. [PMID: 34236569 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are disordered by nature and thus featured by higher internal redox level than healthy cells. Redox imbalance could trigger programmed cell death if exceeded a certain threshold, rendering therapeutic strategies relying on redox control a possible cancer management solution. Yet, various programmed cell death events have been consecutively discovered, complicating our understandings on their associations with redox imbalance and clinical implications especially therapeutic design. Thus, it is imperative to understand differences and similarities among programmed cell death events regarding their associations with redox imbalance for improved control over these events in malignant cells as well as appropriate design on therapeutic approaches relying on redox control. This review addresses these issues and concludes by bringing affront cold atmospheric plasma as an emerging redox controller with translational potential in clinics.
Collapse
|
79
|
Wang J, Zhu W, Han J, Yang X, Zhou R, Lu H, Yu H, Yuan W, Li P, Tao J, Lu Q, Wei J, Yang H. The role of the HIF-1α/ALYREF/PKM2 axis in glycolysis and tumorigenesis of bladder cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:560-575. [PMID: 33991457 PMCID: PMC8286140 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2 (PKM2) participates in tumor metabolism and growth. The regulatory network of PKM2 in cancer is complex and has not been fully studied in bladder cancer. The 5-methylcytidine (m5C) modification in PKM2 mRNA might participate in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer and need to be further clarified. This study aimed to investigate the biological function and regulatory mechanism of PKM2 in bladder cancer. METHODS The expression of PKM2 and Aly/REF export factor (ALYREF) was measured by Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. The bioprocesses of bladder cancer cells were demonstrated by a series of experiments in vitro and in vivo. RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-sequencing, and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of PKM2 in bladder cancer. RESULTS In bladder cancer, we first demonstrated that ALYREF stabilized PKM2 mRNA and bound to its m5C sites in 3'-untranslated regions. Overexpression of ALYREF promoted bladder cancer cell proliferation by PKM2-mediated glycolysis. Furthermore, high expression of PKM2 and ALYREF predicted poor survival in bladder cancer patients. Finally, we found that hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) indirectly up-regulated the expression of PKM2 by activating ALYREF in addition to activating its transcription directly. CONCLUSIONS The m5C modification in PKM2 mRNA in the HIF-1α/ALYREF/PKM2 axis may promote the glucose metabolism of bladder cancer, providing a new promising therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Zi Wang
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Cheng Lu
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Bo Yuan
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Peng‐Chao Li
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Ji‐Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| | - Haiwei Yang
- Department of Urologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210000P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Shikonin inhibits growth, invasion and glycolysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through inactivating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/AKT signal pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:932-941. [PMID: 32282369 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor which is commonly found in East Asia and Africa. The present clinical treatment of NPC is still mainly based on chemotherapeutics and is prone to drug resistance and adverse reactions. Shikonin has been demonstrated to play the antitumor effect in various cancers. However, the specific effects and related regulatory mechanism of Shikonin in NPC have not been clearly declared yet. Cell viability was valued through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and cell proliferation was detected through colony formation assay and Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. Hochest 33258 staining was used to value cell apoptosis. Cell migration and invasion were valued through wound healing and transwell invasion assay, respectively. Glucose uptake, lactate release, ATP level and pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) activity were measured using corresponding assay kits. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of proteins related to cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell migration and the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signal pathway. We found that Shikonin treatment effectively suppressed cell proliferation and induced obvious cell apoptosis compared with the control. Besides, Shikonin treatment suppressed cell migration and invasion effectively. The detection about glycolysis showed that Shikonin treatment suppressed cell glucose uptake, lactate release and ATP level. The activity of PKM2 was also largely inhibited by Shikonin. Further study revealed that the PI3K/AKT signal pathway was inactivated by Shikonin treatment. In addition, the inducer of the PI3K/AKT signal pathway largely abolished the antitumor effect of Shikonin on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell mobility and aerobic glycolysis in NPC cells. Shikonin inhibits growth and invasion of NPC cells through inactivating the PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
Collapse
|
81
|
Sazonova EV, Kopeina GS, Imyanitov EN, Zhivotovsky B. Platinum drugs and taxanes: can we overcome resistance? Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:155. [PMID: 34226520 PMCID: PMC8257727 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy is aimed at the elimination of tumor cells and acts via the cessation of cell proliferation and induction of cell death. Many research publications discussing the mechanisms of anticancer drugs use the terms "cell death" and "apoptosis" interchangeably, given that apoptotic pathways are the most common components of the action of targeted and cytotoxic compounds. However, there is sound evidence suggesting that other mechanisms of drug-induced cell death, such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, etc. may significantly contribute to the fate of cancer cells. Molecular cross-talks between apoptotic and nonapoptotic death pathways underlie the successes and the failures of therapeutic interventions. Here we discuss the nuances of the antitumor action of two groups of the widely used anticancer drugs, i.e., platinum salts and taxane derivatives. The available data suggest that intelligent interference with the choice of cell death pathways may open novel opportunities for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Sazonova
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Gelina S Kopeina
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, 197758, Russia.
- Department of Medical Genetics, St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, St.-Petersburg, 194100, Russia.
- Department of Oncology, I.I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical University, St.-Petersburg, 195067, Russia.
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Mirzaei S, Hushmandi K, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Torabi SMR, Ranjbar A, SeyedSaleh S, Sharifzadeh SO, Khan H, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Ahn KS. Elucidating Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cisplatin Chemotherapy: A Focus on Molecular Pathways and Possible Therapeutic Strategies. Molecules 2021; 26:2382. [PMID: 33921908 PMCID: PMC8073650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of chemotherapy is a major challenge nowadays, and in order to ensure effective treatment of cancer patients, it is of great importance to reveal the molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum-containing drug with anti-tumor activity against different cancers in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, drug resistance has restricted its potential in the treatment of cancer patients. CP can promote levels of free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cell death. Due to the double-edged sword role of ROS in cancer as a pro-survival or pro-death mechanism, ROS can result in CP resistance. In the present review, association of ROS with CP sensitivity/resistance is discussed, and in particular, how molecular pathways, both upstream and downstream targets, can affect the response of cancer cells to CP chemotherapy. Furthermore, anti-tumor compounds, such as curcumin, emodin, chloroquine that regulate ROS and related molecular pathways in increasing CP sensitivity are described. Nanoparticles can provide co-delivery of CP with anti-tumor agents and by mediating photodynamic therapy, and induce ROS overgeneration to trigger CP sensitivity. Genetic tools, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) can down-regulate molecular pathways such as HIF-1α and Nrf2 to promote ROS levels, leading to CP sensitivity. Considering the relationship between ROS and CP chemotherapy, and translating these findings to clinic can pave the way for effective treatment of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Torabi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Adnan Ranjbar
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - SeyedHesam SeyedSaleh
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Kwang-Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Morelli AP, Tortelli TC, Pavan ICB, Silva FR, Granato DC, Peruca GF, Pauletti BA, Domingues RR, Bezerra RMN, De Moura LP, Paes Leme AF, Chammas R, Simabuco FM. Metformin impairs cisplatin resistance effects in A549 lung cancer cells through mTOR signaling and other metabolic pathways. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:28. [PMID: 33846781 PMCID: PMC8041480 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‑associated death worldwide and exhibits intrinsic and acquired therapeutic resistance to cisplatin (CIS). The present study investigated the role of mTOR signaling and other signaling pathways after metformin (MET) treatment in control and cisplatin‑resistant A549 cells, mapping pathways and possible targets involved in CIS sensitivity. MTT, flow cytometry, clonogenic assay, western blotting, proteomic analysis using the Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC) approach and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were performed. The results revealed that CIS treatment induced mTOR signaling pathway overactivation, and the mTOR status was restored by MET. MET and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (RAPA) decreased the viability in control and resistant cells, and decreased the cell size increase induced by CIS. In control cells, MET and RAPA decreased colony formation after 72 h and decreased IC50 values, potentiating the effects of CIS. Proteomics analysis revealed important pathways regulated by MET, including transcription, RNA processing and IL‑12‑mediated signaling. In CIS‑resistant cells, MET regulated the apoptotic process, oxidative stress and G2/M transition. Annexin 4 (ANXA4) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), involved in apoptosis and oxidative stress, respectively, were chosen to validate the SILAC analysis and may represent potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer treatment. In conclusion, the chemosensitizing and antiproliferative effects of MET were associated with mTOR signaling and with potential novel targets, such as ANXA4 and SOD2, in human lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Morelli
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Tharcísio Citrângulo Tortelli
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04021‑001, Brazil
| | - Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Fernando Riback Silva
- Laboratory of Signaling Mechanisms, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083‑871, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Francisco Peruca
- Exercise Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Pauletti
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Romênia Ramos Domingues
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Maria Neves Bezerra
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira De Moura
- Exercise Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04021‑001, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484‑350, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Turubanova VD, Mishchenko TA, Balalaeva IV, Efimova I, Peskova NN, Klapshina LG, Lermontova SA, Bachert C, Krysko O, Vedunova MV, Krysko DV. Novel porphyrazine-based photodynamic anti-cancer therapy induces immunogenic cell death. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7205. [PMID: 33785775 PMCID: PMC8010109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of dying cancer cells determines the efficacy of anti-cancer therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is characterized by the emission of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying cells. This emission can trigger effective anti-tumor immunity. Only a few photosensitizers are known to induce ICD and, therefore, there is a need for development of new photosensitizers that can induce ICD. The purpose of this work was to analyze whether photosensitizers developed in-house from porphyrazines (pz I and pz III) can induce ICD in vitro and in vivo when used in PDT. We indetified the optimal concentrations of the photosensitizers and found that, at a light dose of 20 J/cm2 (λex 615-635 nm), both pz I and pz III efficiently induced cell death in cancer cells. We demonstrate that pz I localized predominantly in the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes while pz III in the endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes. The cell death induced by pz I-PDT was inhibited by zVAD-fmk (apoptosis inhibitor) but not by ferrostatin-1 and DFO (ferroptosis inhibitors) or by necrostatin-1 s (necroptosis inhibitor). By contrast, the cell death induced by pz III-PDT was inhibited by z-VAD-fmk and by the necroptosis inhibitor, necrostatin-1 s. Cancer cells induced by pz I-PDT or pz III-PDT released HMGB1 and ATP and were engulfed by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, which then matured and became activated in vitro. We demonstrate that cancer cells, after induction of cell death by pz I-PDT or pz III-PDT, are protective when used in the mouse model of prophylactic tumor vaccination. By vaccinating immunodeficient mice, we prove the role of the adaptive immune system in protecting against tumours. All together, we have shown that two novel porphyrazines developed in-house are potent ICD inducers that could be effectively applied in PDT of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria D Turubanova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana A Mishchenko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V Balalaeva
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Iuliia Efimova
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, Building B3, 4th Floor, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nina N Peskova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa G Klapshina
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Lermontova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Claus Bachert
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olga Krysko
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria V Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation. .,Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, Building B3, 4th Floor, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Rajendran G, Taylor JA, Woolbright BL. Natural products as a means of overcoming cisplatin chemoresistance in bladder cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:69-84. [PMID: 35582013 PMCID: PMC9019192 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin remains an integral part of the treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer. A large number of patients do not respond to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and efficacious salvage regimens are limited. Immunotherapy has offered a second line of treatment; however, only approximately 20% of patients respond, and molecular subtyping of tumors indicates there may be significant overlap in those patients that respond to cisplatin and those patients that respond to immunotherapy. As such, restoring sensitivity to cisplatin remains a major hurdle to improving patient care. One potential source of compounds for enhancing cisplatin is naturally derived bioactive products such as phytochemicals, flavonoids and others. These compounds can activate a diverse array of different pathways, many of which can directly promote or inhibit cisplatin sensitivity. The purpose of this review is to understand current drug development in the area of natural products and to assess how these compounds may enhance cisplatin treatment in bladder cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshkumar Rajendran
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Zou Y, Wang R, Zhao J, Cai Y, Zhong W. Increased M2 Isoform of Pyruvate Kinase in Fibroblasts Contributes to the Growth, Aggressiveness, and Osteoclastogenesis of Odontogenic Keratocysts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:857-871. [PMID: 33640318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the role of glycolysis and the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), the glycolytic flux of primary odontogenic keratocyst fibroblasts (OKC-Fs) and normal oral mucosa fibroblasts (OM-Fs) was determined by glucose uptake, lactate production, and cell proliferation assays. Wound healing assay and Matrigel-coated chamber system were used to investigate the effects of PKM2 on migration and invasion capacities of OKC-Fs. Co-culture of OKC-Fs with osteoclast precursors (RAW264.7 cells) was used to clarify the role of glycolysis in the osteoclastogenic effects of OKC-Fs. In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and some key enzymes related to glycolysis, including PKM2, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3, hexokinase 2, and lactate dehydrogenase A, were detected to assess the activation of glycolysis in OKC stroma by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that the glucose uptake and lactate production were significantly higher in OKC-Fs than OM-Fs. PKM2 was elevated in OKC-Fs compared with that in OM-Fs. PKM2 significantly regulated glycolysis, proliferation, migration, invasion, and osteoclastogenic effects of OKC-Fs. Additionally hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3, hexokinase 2, and lactate dehydrogenase A were markedly overexpressed in OKC stroma, and correlated with PKM2. Moreover, the expression of PKM2 was regulated by oxygen concentration in vitro. In sum, PKM2-mediated glycolysis regulated the growth, aggressiveness, and osteoclastogenesis of OKC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics II, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenqun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
梁 答, 吴 晓, 白 俊, 张 丽, 尹 崇, 钟 伟. [MiR-300 inhibits invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cell MG63 by negatively regulating PTTG1]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:285-291. [PMID: 33624604 PMCID: PMC7905244 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.02.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of miR-300 and PTTG1 on osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis and explore the molecular mechanism of osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis. OBJECTIVE Western blot was used to detect the expression of PTTG1 in human osteoblasts hFOB1.19 and osteosarcoma cell MG63 and to detect the transfection efficiency of cells transfected with PTTG1-knockdown plasmid; Transwell invasion assay and CCK8 assay detected the effects of knockdown of PTTG1 and overexpression of miR-300 on the invasion and proliferation of osteosarcoma cell MG63. On-line prediction and screening of microRNAs (miRNAs) with complementary PTTG1 binding was conducted. qRT-PCR was performed to examine the expression of miR-300 in hFOB1.19 and MG63 cells, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of PTTG1 in MG63 cells after transfection with a miR- 300 plasmid. Double luciferase assay was used to detect the targeted binding of miR-300 and PTTG, Transwell invasion assay and CCK8 assay were used to detect the effects of overexpression of miR-300 and overexpression of PTTG1 plasmid on invasion and proliferation of osteosarcoma cell line MG63. OBJECTIVE PTTG1 was highly expressed in MG63 cells (P=0.0002). PTTG1 knockdown significantly inhibited the invasion (P=0.0002) and proliferation (P=0.0039) of MG63 cells. Based on the results of online prediction of complementary miRNAs to PTTG1 and analysis of the data from NCBI database, miR-300 was determined as the target miRNA in this study. qRT-PCR results showed a significantly decreased expression of miR-300 in MG63 cells (P=0.0004). Overexpression of MiR-300 in MG63 cells significantly decreased the expression of PTTG1 (P=0.0007), and the expressions of miR-300 and PTTG1 were negatively correlated. Dual luciferase assay showed that miR-300 could specifically bind to PTTG1 (P=0.001). Overexpression of PTTG1 could significantly reverse the effect of miR-300 overexpression on invasion (P=0.0003) and proliferation (P=0.0077) of MG63 cells. OBJECTIVE Overexpression of miR-300 can inhibit the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cell MG63 by targeting PTTG1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 答 梁
- 潍坊医学院附属医院关节外一科//矫形骨科,山东 潍坊 261053First Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26105, China
| | - 晓林 吴
- 潍坊医学院附属医院关节外一科//矫形骨科,山东 潍坊 261053First Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26105, China
| | - 俊 白
- 潍坊医学院基础医学院病理学教研室,山东 潍坊 261053College of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26105, China
| | - 丽萍 张
- 潍坊医学院基础医学院病理学教研室,山东 潍坊 261053College of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26105, China
| | - 崇高 尹
- 潍坊医学院护理学院,山东 潍坊 261053College of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26105, China
| | - 伟 钟
- 潍坊医学院附属医院关节外一科//矫形骨科,山东 潍坊 261053First Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26105, China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Markowitsch SD, Juetter KM, Schupp P, Hauschulte K, Vakhrusheva O, Slade KS, Thomas A, Tsaur I, Cinatl J, Michaelis M, Efferth T, Haferkamp A, Juengel E. Shikonin Reduces Growth of Docetaxel-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells Mainly through Necroptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:882. [PMID: 33672520 PMCID: PMC7923752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for advanced prostate carcinoma (PCa) remains poor due to development of therapy resistance, and new treatment options are needed. Shikonin (SHI) from Traditional Chinese Medicine has induced antitumor effects in diverse tumor entities, but data related to PCa are scarce. Therefore, the parental (=sensitive) and docetaxel (DX)-resistant PCa cell lines, PC3, DU145, LNCaP, and 22Rv1 were exposed to SHI [0.1-1.5 μM], and tumor cell growth, proliferation, cell cycling, cell death (apoptosis, necrosis, and necroptosis), and metabolic activity were evaluated. Correspondingly, the expression of regulating proteins was assessed. Exposure to SHI time- and dose-dependently inhibited tumor cell growth and proliferation in parental and DX-resistant PCa cells, accompanied by cell cycle arrest in the G2/M or S phase and modulation of cell cycle regulating proteins. SHI induced apoptosis and more dominantly necroptosis in both parental and DX-resistant PCa cells. This was shown by enhanced pRIP1 and pRIP3 expression and returned growth if applying the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. No SHI-induced alteration in metabolic activity of the PCa cells was detected. The significant antitumor effects induced by SHI to parental and DX-resistant PCa cells make the addition of SHI to standard therapy a promising treatment strategy for patients with advanced PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha D. Markowitsch
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Kira M. Juetter
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Patricia Schupp
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Kristine Hauschulte
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Olesya Vakhrusheva
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Kimberly Sue Slade
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Anita Thomas
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK;
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.D.M.); (K.M.J.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (O.V.); (K.S.S.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Fathima S, Sinha S, Donakonda S. Network Analysis Identifies Drug Targets and Small Molecules to Modulate Apoptosis Resistant Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:851. [PMID: 33670487 PMCID: PMC7922238 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Programed cell death or apoptosis fails to induce cell death in many recalcitrant cancers. Thus, there is an emerging need to activate the alternate cell death pathways in such cancers. In this study, we analyzed the apoptosis-resistant colon adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and small cell lung cancers transcriptome profiles. We extracted clusters of non-apoptotic cell death genes from each cancer to understand functional networks affected by these genes and their role in the induction of cell death when apoptosis fails. We identified transcription factors regulating cell death genes and protein-protein interaction networks to understand their role in regulating cell death mechanisms. Topological analysis of networks yielded FANCD2 (ferroptosis, negative regulator, down), NCOA4 (ferroptosis, up), IKBKB (alkaliptosis, down), and RHOA (entotic cell death, down) as potential drug targets in colon adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, small cell lung cancer phenotypes respectively. We also assessed the miRNA association with the drug targets. We identified tumor growth-related interacting partners based on the pathway information of drug-target interaction networks. The protein-protein interaction binding site between the drug targets and their interacting proteins provided an opportunity to identify small molecules that can modulate the activity of functional cell death interactions in each cancer. Overall, our systematic screening of non-apoptotic cell death-related genes uncovered targets helpful for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samreen Fathima
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru 560054, India;
| | - Swati Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru 560054, India;
| | - Sainitin Donakonda
- School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Liu Y, Xu R, Gu H, Zhang E, Qu J, Cao W, Huang X, Yan H, He J, Cai Z. Metabolic reprogramming in macrophage responses. Biomark Res 2021; 9:1. [PMID: 33407885 PMCID: PMC7786975 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are critical mediators of tissue homeostasis, with the function of tissue development and repair, but also in defense against pathogens. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are considered as the main component in the tumor microenvironment and play an important role in tumor initiation, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Recently, metabolic studies have revealeded specific metabolic pathways in macrophages are tightly associated with their phenotype and function. Generally, pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) rely mainly on glycolysis and exhibit impairment of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), whereas anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) are more dependent on mitochondrial OXPHOS. However, accumulating evidence suggests that macrophage metabolism is not as simple as previously thought. This review discusses recent advances in immunometabolism and describes how metabolism determines macrophage phenotype and function. In addition, we describe the metabolic characteristics of TAMs as well as their therapeutic implications. Finally, we discuss recent obstacles facing this area as well as promising directions for future study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyao Gu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enfan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianwei Qu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Cao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haimeng Yan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingsong He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Proteins moonlighting in tumor metabolism and epigenetics. Front Med 2021; 15:383-403. [PMID: 33387254 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer development is a complicated process controlled by the interplay of multiple signaling pathways and restrained by oxygen and nutrient accessibility in the tumor microenvironment. High plasticity in using diverse nutrients to adapt to metabolic stress is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. To respond to nutrient stress and to meet the requirements for rapid cell proliferation, cancer cells reprogram metabolic pathways to take up more glucose and coordinate the production of energy and intermediates for biosynthesis. Such actions involve gene expression and activity regulation by the moonlighting function of oncoproteins and metabolic enzymes. The signal - moonlighting protein - metabolism axis facilitates the adaptation of tumor cells under varying environment conditions and can be therapeutically targeted for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
92
|
Targeting Cancer Metabolism and Current Anti-Cancer Drugs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1286:15-48. [PMID: 33725343 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have exploited the metabolic hallmarks that distinguish between normal and cancer cells, aiming at identifying specific targets of anti-cancer drugs. It has become apparent that metabolic flexibility allows cancer cells to survive during high anabolic demand or the depletion of nutrients and oxygen. Cancers can reprogram their metabolism to the microenvironments by increasing aerobic glycolysis to maximize ATP production, increasing glutaminolysis and anabolic pathways to support bioenergetic and biosynthetic demand during rapid proliferation. The increased key regulatory enzymes that support the relevant pathways allow us to design small molecules which can specifically block activities of these enzymes, preventing growth and metastasis of tumors. In this review, we discuss metabolic adaptation in cancers and highlight the crucial metabolic enzymes involved, specifically those involved in aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, de novo fatty acid synthesis, and bioenergetic pathways. Furthermore, we also review the success and the pitfalls of the current anti-cancer drugs which have been applied in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
|
93
|
Wang Y, Zhao H, Zhao P, Wang X. Targeting PKM2 promotes chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:221-230. [PMID: 34092620 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was overexpressed in many cancers, and high PKM2 expression was related with poor prognosis and chemoresistance. OBJECTIVE We investigated the expression of PKM2 in breast cancer and analyzed the relation of PKM2 expression with chemotherapy resistance to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We also investigated whether PKM2 could reverse chemoresistance in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in 130 surgical resected breast cancer tissues. 78 core needle biopsies were collected from breast cancer patients before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The relation of PKM2 expression and multi-drug resistance to NAC was compared. The effect of PKM2 silencing or overexpression on Doxorubicin (DOX) sensitivity in the MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo was compared. RESULTS PKM2 was intensively expressed in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. In addition, high expression of PKM2 was associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. The NAC patients with high PKM2 expression had short survival. PKM2 was an independent prognostic predictor for surgical resected breast cancer and NAC patients. High PKM2 expression was correlated with neoadjuvant treatment resistance. High PKM2 expression significantly distinguished chemoresistant patients from chemosensitive patients. In vitro and in vivo knockdown of PKM2 expression decreases the resistance to DOX in breast cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo. CONCLUSION PKM2 expression was associated with chemoresistance of breast cancers, and could be used to predict the chemosensitivity. Furthermore, targeting PKM2 could reverse chemoresistance, which provides an effective treatment methods for patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Wang D, Zhao C, Xu F, Zhang A, Jin M, Zhang K, Liu L, Hua Q, Zhao J, Liu J, Yang H, Huang G. Cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells induced by hypoxia transmit resistance to sensitive cells through exosomal PKM2. Theranostics 2021; 11:2860-2875. [PMID: 33456577 PMCID: PMC7806469 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is commonly observed in solid tumors and contributes to the resistance of DNA damage drugs. However, the mechanisms behind this resistance are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of hypoxia-induced exosomes on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: NSCLC cells were subjected to either normoxic or hypoxic conditions to assess cell survival and changes in the expression levels of key proteins. Comparative proteomics were performed to identify exosomal PKM2 in normoxic or hypoxic cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells-derived exosomes. Functions of hypoxia induced-exosomal PKM2 in promoting cisplatin resistance to NSCLC cells were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo experiments and the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia induced-exosomal PKM2 were demonstrated using flow cytometry, immunoblotting, oxidative stress detection and histological examination. A series of in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the function of hypoxia-induced exosomes on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Results: Hypoxia exacerbated the cisplatin resistance in lung cancer cells due to the increased expression of PKM2 that was observed in the exosomes secreted by hypoxic cisplatin-resistance cells. We identified that hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 transmitted cisplatin-resistance to sensitive NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 promoted glycolysis in NSCLC cells to produce reductive metabolites, which may neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by cisplatin. Additionally, hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 inhibited apoptosis in a PKM2-BCL2-dependent manner. Moreover, hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 reprogrammed CAFs to create an acidic microenvironment promoting NSCLC cells proliferation and cisplatin resistance. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that hypoxia-induced exosomes transmit cisplatin resistance to sensitive NSCLC cells by delivering PKM2. Exosomal PKM2 may serve as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Chaoshuai Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Aimi Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Mingming Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Kunchi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qian Hua
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Zeng Z, Lan J, Lei S, Yang Y, He Z, Xue Y, Chen T. Simultaneous Inhibition of Ornithine Decarboxylase 1 and Pyruvate Kinase M2 Exerts Synergistic Effects Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:11697-11709. [PMID: 33244237 PMCID: PMC7683510 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s240535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previously, we showed that lactate promoted the proliferation and mobility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by increasing the expression of ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1). In this study, we determined the relationship between ODC1 and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2, a key lactate metabolism enzyme), and determined the combined effects of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO; an ODC1 inhibitor) and compound 3k (a PKM2 inhibitor) on HCC cells. Methods First, the relationship between PKM2 and ODC1 was analyzed using Western blotting, Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 assays, transwell assays, bioinformatics, quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemical staining. Thereafter, the ODC1 inhibitor DFMO and the PKM2 inhibitor compound 3k were employed. Their combined effects on HCC cell proliferation and mobility were evaluated via CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in mice, wound healing assays, and transwell assays. Additionally, the effects of DFMO and compound 3k on the epithelial–mesenchymal transition phenotype and the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway were explored using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results PKM2 knockdown significantly decreased the ODC1 expression, and the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells, while ODC1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of PKM2 knockdown. Similarly, inhibition of ODC1 also decreased the expression of PKM2 via reducing the c-myc-induced transcription. PKM2 was co-expressed with ODC1 in HCC samples, while simultaneously upregulated PKM2 and ODC1 led to the poorest survival outcome. DFMO and compound 3k synergistically inhibited HCC cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed cell mobility, as well as the EMT phenotype and the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. The AKT activator SC79 reversed the inhibitory effects. Conclusion PKM2/ODC1 are involved in a positive feedback loop. The simultaneous inhibition of ODC1 and PKM2 using DFMO and compound 3k exerts synergistic effects against HCC cells via the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Thus, DFMO combined with compound 3k may be a novel effective strategy for treating HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Zeng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhi Lan
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Lei
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xue
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550009, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Pascale RM, Calvisi DF, Simile MM, Feo CF, Feo F. The Warburg Effect 97 Years after Its Discovery. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2819. [PMID: 33008042 PMCID: PMC7599761 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The deregulation of the oxidative metabolism in cancer, as shown by the increased aerobic glycolysis and impaired oxidative phosphorylation (Warburg effect), is coordinated by genetic changes leading to the activation of oncogenes and the loss of oncosuppressor genes. The understanding of the metabolic deregulation of cancer cells is necessary to prevent and cure cancer. In this review, we illustrate and comment the principal metabolic and molecular variations of cancer cells, involved in their anomalous behavior, that include modifications of oxidative metabolism, the activation of oncogenes that promote glycolysis and a decrease of oxygen consumption in cancer cells, the genetic susceptibility to cancer, the molecular correlations involved in the metabolic deregulation in cancer, the defective cancer mitochondria, the relationships between the Warburg effect and tumor therapy, and recent studies that reevaluate the Warburg effect. Taken together, these observations indicate that the Warburg effect is an epiphenomenon of the transformation process essential for the development of malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Pascale
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.F.C.); (M.M.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Diego Francesco Calvisi
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.F.C.); (M.M.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Simile
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.F.C.); (M.M.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Claudio Francesco Feo
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Feo
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.F.C.); (M.M.S.); (F.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Braun LA, Varpetyan EE, Zav’yalov GA, Kulikov FV, Marievskii VE, Tyul’ganova DA, Shishnenko AO, Stepanova DS, Shimanovskii NL. Metabolic Enzymes: New Targets for the Design of Antitumor Drugs. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
98
|
Hong L, Chen J, Wu F, Wu F, Shen X, Zheng P, Shao R, Lu K, Liu Z, Chen D, Liang G, Cai Y, Zou P, Xia Y. Isodeoxyelephantopin Inactivates Thioredoxin Reductase 1 and Activates ROS-Mediated JNK Signaling Pathway to Exacerbate Cisplatin Effectiveness in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:580517. [PMID: 33072762 PMCID: PMC7536313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.580517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. The development of new drugs and therapeutic strategies for patients with colon cancer are urgently needed. Isodeoxyelephantopin (ESI), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the medicinal plant Elephantopus scaber L., has been reported to exert antitumor effects on several cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of ESI is still elusive. In the present study, we found that ESI potently suppressed cell proliferation in human colon cancer cells. Furthermore, our results showed that ESI treatment markedly increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by inhibiting thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) activity, which leads to activation of the JNK signaling pathway and eventually cell death in HCT116 and RKO cells. Importantly, we found that ESI markedly enhanced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HCT116 and RKO cells. Combination of ESI and cisplatin significantly increased the production of ROS, resulting in activation of the JNK signaling pathway in HCT116 and RKO cells. In vivo, we found that ESI combined with cisplatin significantly suppressed tumor growth in HCT116 xenograft models. Together, our study provide a preclinical proof-of-concept for ESI as a potential strategy for colon cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jundixia Chen
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fengjiao Wu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peisen Zheng
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Shao
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kongqin Lu
- Zhuji Institute of Biomedicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Daoxing Chen
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuepiao Cai
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiqun Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Yu P, Li AX, Chen XS, Tian M, Wang HY, Wang XL, Zhang Y, Wang KS, Cheng Y. PKM2-c-Myc-Survivin Cascade Regulates the Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:550469. [PMID: 33013387 PMCID: PMC7506054 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.550469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), as a key glycolytic enzyme, plays important roles in tumorigenesis and chemotherapeutic drug resistance. However, the intricate mechanism of PKM2 as a protein kinase regulating breast cancer progression and tamoxifen resistance needs to be further clarified. Here, we reported that PKM2 controls the expression of survivin by phosphorylating c-Myc at Ser-62. Functionally, PKM2 knockdown suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, which could be rescued by overexpression of survivin. Interestingly, we found that the level of PKM2 expression was upregulated in the tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells MCF-7/TAMR, and knockdown of PKM2 sensitized the cells to 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OH-T). In addition, the elevated level of PKM2 correlates with poor relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Overall, our findings demonstrated that PKM2–c-Myc–survivin cascade regulated the proliferation, migration and tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells, suggesting that PKM2 represents a novel prognostic marker and an attractive target for breast cancer therapeutics, and that PKM2 inhibitor combined with tamoxifen may be a promising strategy to reverse tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pian Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ao-Xue Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi-Sha Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Luan Wang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kuan-Song Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Wu Y, Dong G, Sheng C. Targeting necroptosis in anticancer therapy: mechanisms and modulators. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1601-1618. [PMID: 33088682 PMCID: PMC7563021 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, a genetically programmed form of necrotic cell death, serves as an important pathway in human diseases. As a critical cell-killing mechanism, necroptosis is associated with cancer progression, metastasis, and immunosurveillance. Targeting necroptosis pathway by small molecule modulators is emerging as an effective approach in cancer therapy, which has the advantage to bypass the apoptosis-resistance and maintain antitumor immunity. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanism of necroptosis and necroptosis modulators is necessary to develop novel strategies for cancer therapy. This review will summarize recent progress of the mechanisms and detecting methods of necroptosis. In particular, the relationship between necroptosis and cancer therapy and medicinal chemistry of necroptosis modulators will be focused on.
Collapse
|