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Bestea L, Réjaud A, Sandoz JC, Carcaud J, Giurfa M, de Brito Sanchez MG. Peripheral taste detection in honey bees: What do taste receptors respond to? Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:4417-4444. [PMID: 33934411 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the neural principles governing taste perception in species that bear economic importance or serve as research models for other sensory modalities constitutes a strategic goal. Such is the case of the honey bee (Apis mellifera), which is environmentally and socioeconomically important, given its crucial role as pollinator agent in agricultural landscapes and which has served as a traditional model for visual and olfactory neurosciences and for research on communication, navigation, and learning and memory. Here we review the current knowledge on honey bee gustatory receptors to provide an integrative view of peripheral taste detection in this insect, highlighting specificities and commonalities with other insect species. We describe behavioral and electrophysiological responses to several tastant categories and relate these responses, whenever possible, to known molecular receptor mechanisms. Overall, we adopted an evolutionary and comparative perspective to understand the neural principles of honey bee taste and define key questions that should be answered in future gustatory research centered on this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Bestea
- Research Centre on Animal Cognition, Center for Integrative Biology, CNRS (UMR 5169), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandre Réjaud
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, IRD (UMR 5174), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Sandoz
- Evolution, Genomes, Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, IRD (UMR 9191, University Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Julie Carcaud
- Evolution, Genomes, Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, IRD (UMR 9191, University Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Martin Giurfa
- Research Centre on Animal Cognition, Center for Integrative Biology, CNRS (UMR 5169), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Maria Gabriela de Brito Sanchez
- Research Centre on Animal Cognition, Center for Integrative Biology, CNRS (UMR 5169), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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52
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Olafson PU, Aksoy S, Attardo GM, Buckmeier G, Chen X, Coates CJ, Davis M, Dykema J, Emrich SJ, Friedrich M, Holmes CJ, Ioannidis P, Jansen EN, Jennings EC, Lawson D, Martinson EO, Maslen GL, Meisel RP, Murphy TD, Nayduch D, Nelson DR, Oyen KJ, Raszick TJ, Ribeiro JMC, Robertson HM, Rosendale AJ, Sackton TB, Saelao P, Swiger SL, Sze SH, Tarone AM, Taylor DB, Warren WC, Waterhouse RM, Weirauch MT, Werren JH, Wilson RK, Zdobnov EM, Benoit JB. The genome of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control. BMC Biol 2021; 19:41. [PMID: 33750380 PMCID: PMC7944917 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is a major blood-feeding pest of livestock that has near worldwide distribution, causing an annual cost of over $2 billion for control and product loss in the USA alone. Control of these flies has been limited to increased sanitary management practices and insecticide application for suppressing larval stages. Few genetic and molecular resources are available to help in developing novel methods for controlling stable flies. Results This study examines stable fly biology by utilizing a combination of high-quality genome sequencing and RNA-Seq analyses targeting multiple developmental stages and tissues. In conjunction, 1600 genes were manually curated to characterize genetic features related to stable fly reproduction, vector host interactions, host-microbe dynamics, and putative targets for control. Most notable was characterization of genes associated with reproduction and identification of expanded gene families with functional associations to vision, chemosensation, immunity, and metabolic detoxification pathways. Conclusions The combined sequencing, assembly, and curation of the male stable fly genome followed by RNA-Seq and downstream analyses provide insights necessary to understand the biology of this important pest. These resources and new data will provide the groundwork for expanding the tools available to control stable fly infestations. The close relationship of Stomoxys to other blood-feeding (horn flies and Glossina) and non-blood-feeding flies (house flies, medflies, Drosophila) will facilitate understanding of the evolutionary processes associated with development of blood feeding among the Cyclorrhapha. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-021-00975-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia U Olafson
- Livestock Arthropod Pests Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Kerrville, TX, USA.
| | - Serap Aksoy
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Attardo
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Greta Buckmeier
- Livestock Arthropod Pests Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Kerrville, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- The Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Craig J Coates
- Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Megan Davis
- Livestock Arthropod Pests Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Kerrville, TX, USA
| | - Justin Dykema
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Scott J Emrich
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Markus Friedrich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher J Holmes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Panagiotis Ioannidis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Evan N Jansen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Emily C Jennings
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Lawson
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory, The European Bioinformatics Institute, The Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Gareth L Maslen
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory, The European Bioinformatics Institute, The Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Richard P Meisel
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Terence D Murphy
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dana Nayduch
- Arthropod-borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kennan J Oyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tyler J Raszick
- Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - José M C Ribeiro
- Section of Vector Biology, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Timothy B Sackton
- Informatics Group, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Perot Saelao
- Livestock Arthropod Pests Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Kerrville, TX, USA
| | - Sonja L Swiger
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Stephenville, TX, USA
| | - Sing-Hoi Sze
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Aaron M Tarone
- Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - David B Taylor
- Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Wesley C Warren
- University of Missouri, Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John H Werren
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Richard K Wilson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evgeny M Zdobnov
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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53
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McLaughlin CN, Brbić M, Xie Q, Li T, Horns F, Kolluru SS, Kebschull JM, Vacek D, Xie A, Li J, Jones RC, Leskovec J, Quake SR, Luo L, Li H. Single-cell transcriptomes of developing and adult olfactory receptor neurons in Drosophila. eLife 2021; 10:e63856. [PMID: 33555999 PMCID: PMC7870146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of environmental cues is essential for the survival of all organisms. Transcriptional changes occur to enable the generation and function of the neural circuits underlying sensory perception. To gain insight into these changes, we generated single-cell transcriptomes of Drosophila olfactory- (ORNs), thermo-, and hygro-sensory neurons at an early developmental and adult stage using single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing. We discovered that ORNs maintain expression of the same olfactory receptors across development. Using receptor expression and computational approaches, we matched transcriptomic clusters corresponding to anatomically and physiologically defined neuron types across multiple developmental stages. We found that cell-type-specific transcriptomes partly reflected axon trajectory choices in development and sensory modality in adults. We uncovered stage-specific genes that could regulate the wiring and sensory responses of distinct ORN types. Collectively, our data reveal transcriptomic features of sensory neuron biology and provide a resource for future studies of their development and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen N McLaughlin
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Maria Brbić
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Qijing Xie
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Tongchao Li
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Felix Horns
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Biophysics Graduate Program, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Sai Saroja Kolluru
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubStanfordUnited States
| | - Justus M Kebschull
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - David Vacek
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Anthony Xie
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Jiefu Li
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Biology Graduate Program, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Robert C Jones
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Jure Leskovec
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubStanfordUnited States
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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54
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Ni L. The Structure and Function of Ionotropic Receptors in Drosophila. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:638839. [PMID: 33597847 PMCID: PMC7882480 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.638839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionotropic receptors (IRs) are a highly divergent subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) and are conserved across Protostomia, a major branch of the animal kingdom that encompasses both Ecdysozoa and Lophothrochozoa. They are broadly expressed in peripheral sensory systems, concentrated in sensory dendrites, and function in chemosensation, thermosensation, and hygrosensation. As iGluRs, four IR subunits form a functional ion channel to detect environmental stimuli. Most IR receptors comprise individual stimulus-specific tuning receptors and one or two broadly expressed coreceptors. This review summarizes the discoveries of the structure of IR complexes and the expression and function of each IR, as well as discusses the future direction for IR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ni
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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55
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Wicher D, Miazzi F. Functional properties of insect olfactory receptors: ionotropic receptors and odorant receptors. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:7-19. [PMID: 33502604 PMCID: PMC7873100 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The majority of insect olfactory receptors belong to two distinct protein families, the ionotropic receptors (IRs), which are related to the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, and the odorant receptors (ORs), which evolved from the gustatory receptor family. Both receptor types assemble to heteromeric ligand-gated cation channels composed of odor-specific receptor proteins and co-receptor proteins. We here present in short the current view on evolution, function, and regulation of IRs and ORs. Special attention is given on how their functional properties can meet the environmental and ecological challenges an insect has to face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Wicher
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Fabio Miazzi
- Research Group Predators and Toxic Prey, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
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56
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Plasmodium's journey through the Anopheles mosquito: A comprehensive review. Biochimie 2020; 181:176-190. [PMID: 33346039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The malaria parasite has an extraordinary ability to evade the immune system due to which the development of a malaria vaccine is a challenging task. Extensive research on malarial infection in the human host particularly during the liver stage has resulted in the discovery of potential candidate vaccines including RTS,S/AS01 and R21. However, complete elimination of malaria would require a holistic multi-component approach. In line with this, under the World Health Organization's PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI), the research focus has shifted towards the sexual stages of malaria in the mosquito host. Last two decades of scientific research obtained seminal information regarding the sexual/mosquito stages of the malaria. This updated and comprehensive review would provide the basis for consolidated understanding of cellular, biochemical, molecular and immunological aspects of parasite transmission right from the sexual stage commitment in the human host to the sporozoite delivery back into subsequent vertebrate host by the female Anopheles mosquito.
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57
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Li SS, Yan ZC, Zhao JJ, Li YX. Transcriptomic analyses of chemosensory genes in Trichogramma japonicum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 37:100755. [PMID: 33166853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insects perceive dangerous or attractive chemicals in the environment (such as the presence of predators, food or mates) through their olfaction and gustation. This leads to host searching, mate finding and other behaviors that are critical for insect survival. These vital activities are mediated by many chemosensory receptor proteins, including odorant receptors (ORs), gustatory receptors (GRs) and ionotropic receptors (IRs). Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is a commonly used egg parasitoid for controlling lepidopteran pests in rice fields. To reveal the roles of its olfactory and gustatory systems in biological control, we systematically analyzed major chemosensory receptor genes from T. japonicum. Through transcriptomic analyses of male and female heads, we found that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly related to chemosensory functions, and there were more chemosensory-related genes expressed in female heads than male heads, which may be related to the need for females to search for their hosts or sense male pheromone. Furthermore, we identified 66 chemosensory receptor genes, including 51 ORs, seven IRs and eight GRs, that were most closely relate to those of other hymenopteran species according to the results of both Blast best-hit and phylogenetic analyses. The tissue expression profile showed that 65 of the 66 chemosensory receptors were highly expressed in the heads, suggesting their putative roles in olfaction and gustation. In addition, the sex-specific expression patterns suggested their potential functions in host-seeking or mate sensing behaviors. This study may provide base for further understanding the olfactory and gustatory systems of T. japonicum and increasing its efficiency in pest control in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Sheng Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yan
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan-Juan Zhao
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuan-Xi Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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58
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Kozma MT, Ngo-Vu H, Rump MT, Bobkov YV, Ache BW, Derby CD. Single cell transcriptomes reveal expression patterns of chemoreceptor genes in olfactory sensory neurons of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:649. [PMID: 32962631 PMCID: PMC7510291 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crustaceans express several classes of receptor genes in their antennules, which house olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and non-olfactory chemosensory neurons. Transcriptomics studies reveal that candidate chemoreceptor proteins include variant Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) including both co-receptor IRs and tuning IRs, Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, Gustatory Receptors, epithelial sodium channels, and class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, expresses in its antennules nearly 600 IRs, 17 TRP channels, 1 Gustatory Receptor, 7 epithelial sodium channels, 81 GPCRs, 6 G proteins, and dozens of enzymes in signaling pathways. However, the specific combinatorial expression patterns of these proteins in single sensory neurons are not known for any crustacean, limiting our understanding of how their chemosensory systems encode chemical quality. RESULTS The goal of this study was to use transcriptomics to describe expression patterns of chemoreceptor genes in OSNs of P. argus. We generated and analyzed transcriptomes from 7 single OSNs, some of which were shown to respond to a food odor, as well as an additional 7 multicell transcriptomes from preparations containing few (2-4), several (ca. 15), or many (ca. 400) OSNs. We found that each OSN expressed the same 2 co-receptor IRs (IR25a, IR93a) but not the other 2 antennular coIRs (IR8a, IR76b), 9-53 tuning IRs but only one to a few in high abundance, the same 5 TRP channels plus up to 5 additional TRPs, 12-17 GPCRs including the same 5 expressed in every single cell transcriptome, the same 3 G proteins plus others, many enzymes in the signaling pathways, but no Gustatory Receptors or epithelial sodium channels. The greatest difference in receptor expression among the OSNs was the identity of the tuning IRs. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide an initial view of the combinatorial expression patterns of receptor molecules in single OSNs in one species of decapod crustacean, including receptors directly involved in olfactory transduction and others likely involved in modulation. Our results also suggest differences in receptor expression in OSNs vs. other chemosensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihika T Kozma
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Hanh Ngo-Vu
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Matthew T Rump
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Yuriy V Bobkov
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, 32084, USA
| | - Barry W Ache
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, 32084, USA
| | - Charles D Derby
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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Marin EC, Büld L, Theiss M, Sarkissian T, Roberts RJV, Turnbull R, Tamimi IFM, Pleijzier MW, Laursen WJ, Drummond N, Schlegel P, Bates AS, Li F, Landgraf M, Costa M, Bock DD, Garrity PA, Jefferis GSXE. Connectomics Analysis Reveals First-, Second-, and Third-Order Thermosensory and Hygrosensory Neurons in the Adult Drosophila Brain. Curr Biol 2020; 30:3167-3182.e4. [PMID: 32619476 PMCID: PMC7443704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Animals exhibit innate and learned preferences for temperature and humidity-conditions critical for their survival and reproduction. Leveraging a whole-brain electron microscopy volume, we studied the adult Drosophila melanogaster circuitry associated with antennal thermo- and hygrosensory neurons. We have identified two new target glomeruli in the antennal lobe, in addition to the five known ones, and the ventroposterior projection neurons (VP PNs) that relay thermo- and hygrosensory information to higher brain centers, including the mushroom body and lateral horn, seats of learned and innate behavior. We present the first connectome of a thermo- and hygrosensory neuropil, the lateral accessory calyx (lACA), by reconstructing neurons downstream of heating- and cooling-responsive VP PNs. A few mushroom body-intrinsic neurons solely receive thermosensory input from the lACA, while most receive additional olfactory and thermo- and/or hygrosensory PN inputs. Furthermore, several classes of lACA-associated neurons form a local network with outputs to other brain neuropils, suggesting that the lACA serves as a hub for thermo- and hygrosensory circuitry. For example, DN1a neurons link thermosensory PNs in the lACA to the circadian clock via the accessory medulla. Finally, we survey strongly connected downstream partners of VP PNs across the protocerebrum; these include a descending neuron targeted by dry-responsive VP PNs, meaning that just two synapses might separate hygrosensory inputs from motor circuits. These data provide a comprehensive first- and second-order layer analysis of Drosophila thermo- and hygrosensory systems and an initial survey of third-order neurons that could directly modulate behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Marin
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Laurin Büld
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Maria Theiss
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | | | | | - Robert Turnbull
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Imaan F M Tamimi
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Markus W Pleijzier
- Division of Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Willem J Laursen
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Nik Drummond
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Philipp Schlegel
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK; Division of Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Alexander S Bates
- Division of Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Feng Li
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Matthias Landgraf
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Marta Costa
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Davi D Bock
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA; Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Paul A Garrity
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Gregory S X E Jefferis
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK; Division of Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH, UK.
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Ng R, Wu ST, Su CY. Neuronal Compartmentalization: A Means to Integrate Sensory Input at the Earliest Stage of Information Processing? Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000026. [PMID: 32613656 PMCID: PMC7864560 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In numerous peripheral sense organs, external stimuli are detected by primary sensory neurons compartmentalized within specialized structures composed of cuticular or epithelial tissue. Beyond reflecting developmental constraints, such compartmentalization also provides opportunities for grouped neurons to functionally interact. Here, the authors review and illustrate the prevalence of these structural units, describe characteristics of compartmentalized neurons, and consider possible interactions between these cells. This article discusses instances of neuronal crosstalk, examples of which are observed in the vertebrate tastebuds and multiple types of arthropod chemosensory hairs. Particular attention is paid to insect olfaction, which presents especially well-characterized mechanisms of functional, cross-neuronal interactions. These examples highlight the potential impact of peripheral processing, which likely contributes more to signal integration than previously considered. In surveying a wide variety of structural units, it is hoped that this article will stimulate future research that determines whether grouped neurons in other sensory systems can also communicate to impact information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chih-Ying Su
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Qian JL, Mang DZ, Lv GC, Ye J, Li ZQ, Chu B, Sun L, Liu YJ, Zhang LW. Identification and Expression Profile of Olfactory Receptor Genes Based on Apriona germari (Hope) Antennal Transcriptome. Front Physiol 2020; 11:807. [PMID: 32792974 PMCID: PMC7387575 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects’ olfactory receptor plays a central role in detecting chemosensory information from the environment. Odorant receptors (ORs) and ionotropic receptors (IRs) are two types of olfactory receptors, and they are essential for the recognition of ligands at peripheral neurons. Apriona germari (Hope) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is one of the most serious insect pests that cause damage to economic trees and landscaping trees, resulting in massive environmental damages and economic losses. Olfactory-based management strategy has been suggested as a promising strategy to control this wood-boring beetle. However, the olfactory perception mechanism in A. germari is now almost unknown. In the present study, RNA sequencing analysis was used to determine the transcriptomes of adult A. germari antennae. Among 36,834 unigenes derived from the antennal assembly, we identified 42 AgerORs and three AgerIRs. Based on the tissue expression pattern analysis, 27 AgerORs displayed a female-biased expression. Notably, AgerOR3, 5, 13, 33, and 40 showed a significant female-biased expression and were clustered with the pheromone receptors of Megacyllene caryae in the phylogenetic tree, suggesting that these AgerORs could be potential pheromone receptors for sensing male-produced sex pheromones in A. germari. The AgerIRs expression profile demonstrated that AgerIR2 had high expression levels in male labial palps, suggesting that this receptor may function to detect female-deposited trail-sex pheromone blend of A. germari. In addition, the phylogenetic tree showed that the Orco gene of five cerambycidae species was highly conservative. These results provide a foundation for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of olfactory chemoreception in A. germari apart from suggesting novel targets for the control of this pest in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Qian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control, Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ding-Ze Mang
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guo-Chang Lv
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control, Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jia Ye
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control, Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao-Qun Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Sun
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control, Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Jun Liu
- Anhui Academy of Science and Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Long-Wa Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control, Engineering Research Center of Fungal Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Xu Q, Wu Z, Zeng X, An X. Identification and Expression Profiling of Chemosensory Genes in Hermetia illucens via a Transcriptomic Analysis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:720. [PMID: 32655421 PMCID: PMC7325966 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, is a cosmopolitan insect of the family Stratiomyidae (Diptera). Chemosensory genes encode proteins involved directly in the detection of odorants. In this study, we sequenced the antennal transcriptome of H. illucens adults to identify chemosensory genes. Putative unigenes encoding 27 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), five chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 70 odorant receptors (ORs), 25 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 10 gustatory receptors (GRs) and two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) were identified. Tissue-specific expression profiles of the identified OBPs, CSPs and SNMPs were investigated using RT-PCR. Eight OBPs (HillOBP1-2, 9, 11-14, and 17), one CSP (HillCSP5) and one SNMP (HillSNMP1) were predominantly expressed in antennae. Further real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that the antennae-enriched unigenes also exhibited significant differences in expression between males and females. Among the sex-biased unigenes, six ORs showed female-biased expression, suggesting that these genes might participate in female-specific behaviors such as oviposition site searching. Sixteen ORs and two OBPs showed male-biased expression, indicating that they may play key roles in the detection of female sex pheromones. Our study is the first attempt to delineate the molecular basis of chemoreception in H. illucens. Our data provide useful information for comparative studies on the differentiation and evolution of Dipteran chemosensory gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Xu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Insect Behavior Regulation, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongzhen Wu
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinnian Zeng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Insect Behavior Regulation, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xincheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, China
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Kabaka JM, Wachira BM, Mang’era CM, Rono MK, Hassanali A, Okoth SO, Oduol VO, Macharia RW, Murilla GA, Mireji PO. Expansions of chemosensory gene orthologs among selected tsetse fly species and their expressions in Glossina morsitans morsitans tsetse fly. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008341. [PMID: 32589659 PMCID: PMC7347240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tsetse fly exhibit species-specific olfactory uniqueness potentially underpinned by differences in their chemosensory protein repertoire. We assessed 1) expansions of chemosensory protein orthologs in Glossina morsitans morsitans, Glossina pallidipes, Glossina austeni, Glossina palpalis gambiensis, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes and Glossina brevipalpis tsetse fly species using Café analysis (to identify species-specific expansions) and 2) differential expressions of the orthologs and associated proteins in male G. m. morsitans antennae and head tissues using RNA-Seq approaches (to establish associated functional molecular pathways). We established accelerated and significant (P<0.05, λ = 2.60452e-7) expansions of gene families in G. m. morsitans Odorant receptor (Or)71a, Or46a, Ir75a,d, Ionotropic receptor (Ir) 31a, Ir84a, Ir64a and Odorant binding protein (Obp) 83a-b), G. pallidipes Or67a,c, Or49a, Or92a, Or85b-c,f and Obp73a, G. f. fuscipes Ir21a, Gustatory receptor (Gr) 21a and Gr63a), G. p. gambiensis clumsy, Ir25a and Ir8a, and G. brevipalpis Ir68a and missing orthologs in each tsetse fly species. Most abundantly expressed transcripts in male G. m. morsitans included specific Or (Orco, Or56a, 65a-c, Or47b, Or67b, GMOY012254, GMOY009475, and GMOY006265), Gr (Gr21a, Gr63a, GMOY013297 and GMOY013298), Ir (Ir8a, Ir25a and Ir41a) and Obp (Obp19a, lush, Obp28a, Obp83a-b Obp44a, GMOY012275 and GMOY013254) orthologs. Most enriched biological processes in the head were associated with vision, muscle activity and neuropeptide regulations, amino acid/nucleotide metabolism and circulatory system processes. Antennal enrichments (>90% of chemosensory transcripts) included cilium-associated mechanoreceptors, chemo-sensation, neuronal controlled growth/differentiation and regeneration/responses to stress. The expanded and tsetse fly species specific orthologs includes those associated with known tsetse fly responsive ligands (4-methyl phenol, 4-propyl phenol, acetic acid, butanol and carbon dioxide) and potential tsetse fly species-specific responsive ligands (2-oxopentanoic acid, phenylacetaldehyde, hydroxycinnamic acid, 2-heptanone, caffeine, geosmin, DEET and (cVA) pheromone). Some of the orthologs can potentially modulate several tsetse fly species-specific behavioral (male-male courtship, hunger/host seeking, cool avoidance, hygrosensory and feeding) phenotypes. The putative tsetse fly specific chemosensory gene orthologs and their respective ligands provide candidate gene targets and kairomones for respective downstream functional genomic and field evaluations that can effectively expand toolbox of species-specific tsetse fly attractants, repellents and other tsetse fly behavioral modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy M. Kabaka
- Biotechnology Research Institute—Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, Ruiru Campus, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Benson M. Wachira
- Biotechnology Research Institute—Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, Ruiru Campus, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Clarence M. Mang’era
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, Njoro Campus, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Martin K. Rono
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research—Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Ahmed Hassanali
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, Ruiru Campus, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sylvance O. Okoth
- Biotechnology Research Institute—Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Vincent O. Oduol
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rosaline W. Macharia
- Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Grace A. Murilla
- Biotechnology Research Institute—Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Paul O. Mireji
- Biotechnology Research Institute—Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research—Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
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64
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Kozma MT, Ngo-Vu H, Wong YY, Shukla NS, Pawar SD, Senatore A, Schmidt M, Derby CD. Comparison of transcriptomes from two chemosensory organs in four decapod crustaceans reveals hundreds of candidate chemoreceptor proteins. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230266. [PMID: 32163507 PMCID: PMC7067487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustaceans express genes for at least three classes of putative chemosensory proteins. These are: Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), derived from the heterotetrameric ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs); Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, a diverse set of sensor-channels that include several families of chemoreceptor channels; and Gustatory Receptor Like receptors (GRLs), ionotropic receptors that are homologues of Gustatory Receptors (GRs) of insects and are expressed sparingly in most crustaceans so far studied. IRs are typically numerically the most dominant of these receptor proteins in crustaceans and include two classes: co-receptor IRs, which are necessary for making a functional receptor-channel; and tuning IRs, whose specific combination in the IR subunits in the heterotetramer confers chemical specificity. Previous work showed that the transcriptomes from two major chemosensory organs-the lateral flagellum of the antennule (LF) and the tips of the legs (dactyls)-of the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus express four co-receptor IRs and over 100 tuning IRs. In this paper, we examined and compared the transcriptomes from the LF and dactyls of P. argus and three other decapod crustaceans-the clawed lobster Homarus americanus, red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, and the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. Each species has at least ca. 100 to 250 IRs, 1 to 4 GRLs, and ca. 15 TRP channels including those shown to be involved in chemoreception in other species. The IRs show different degrees of phylogenetic conservation: some are arthropod-conserved, others are pancrustacean-conserved, others appear to be crustacean-conserved, and some appear to be species-specific. Many IRs appear to be more highly expressed in the LF than dactyl. Our results show that decapod crustaceans express an abundance of genes for chemoreceptor proteins of different types, phylogenetic conservation, and expression patterns. An understanding of their functional roles awaits determining their expression patterns in individual chemosensory neurons and the central projections of those neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihika T. Kozma
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hanh Ngo-Vu
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yuen Yan Wong
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neal S. Shukla
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Shrikant D. Pawar
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Adriano Senatore
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manfred Schmidt
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Charles D. Derby
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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65
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Expression Profiles and Biochemical Analysis of Chemosensory Protein 3 from Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). J Chem Ecol 2020; 46:363-377. [PMID: 32125582 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-020-01166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Insects have evolved highly sensitive olfactory sensory systems to detect plant hosts and mates, with plant volatiles playing an important role in informing insect behavior. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are thought to play a key role in this process, but in this respect, there is limited information on brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, one of the most destructive pests of rice. To expand our understanding of CSP function in N. lugens we explored expression profiles and binding characteristics of NlugCSP3. The ligands with higher binding affinity were also validated by molecular docking and behavioral assays. NlugCSP3 mRNA was expressed at relatively higher levels in antennae and abdomen of 3-day-old unmated macropterous males as well as in antennae of 3-day mated macropterous and brachypterous females. Fluorescence competitive binding assays revealed that 5 out of 25 candidate volatiles are strong binders (Ki < 10 μM). Behavioral assays revealed that nonadecane and 2-tridecanone, which have high binding affinities in fluorescence competition-binding assays, displayed strong attractiveness to N. lugens. Pursuing this further, molecular docking analysis identified key amino acid residues involved in binding volatile compounds. Overall, our data provide a base for further investigation of the potential physiological functions of CSP3 in Nilaparvata lugens, and extend the function of NlugCSP3 in chemoreception of N. lugens.
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66
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Li H, Li T, Horns F, Li J, Xie Q, Xu C, Wu B, Kebschull JM, McLaughlin CN, Kolluru SS, Jones RC, Vacek D, Xie A, Luginbuhl DJ, Quake SR, Luo L. Single-Cell Transcriptomes Reveal Diverse Regulatory Strategies for Olfactory Receptor Expression and Axon Targeting. Curr Biol 2020; 30:1189-1198.e5. [PMID: 32059767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory mechanisms by which neurons coordinate their physiology and connectivity are not well understood. The Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) provide an excellent system to investigate this question. Each ORN type expresses a unique olfactory receptor, or a combination thereof, and sends their axons to a stereotyped glomerulus. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified 33 transcriptomic clusters for ORNs and mapped 20 to their glomerular types, demonstrating that transcriptomic clusters correspond well with anatomically and physiologically defined ORN types. Each ORN type expresses hundreds of transcription factors. Transcriptome-instructed genetic analyses revealed that (1) one broadly expressed transcription factor (Acj6) only regulates olfactory receptor expression in one ORN type and only wiring specificity in another type, (2) one type-restricted transcription factor (Forkhead) only regulates receptor expression, and (3) another type-restricted transcription factor (Unplugged) regulates both events. Thus, ORNs utilize diverse strategies and complex regulatory networks to coordinate their physiology and connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Li
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Tongchao Li
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Felix Horns
- Biophysics Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jiefu Li
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Qijing Xie
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chuanyun Xu
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Justus M Kebschull
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Colleen N McLaughlin
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sai Saroja Kolluru
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert C Jones
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David Vacek
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anthony Xie
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David J Luginbuhl
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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67
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Greppi C, Laursen WJ, Budelli G, Chang EC, Daniels AM, van Giesen L, Smidler AL, Catteruccia F, Garrity PA. Mosquito heat seeking is driven by an ancestral cooling receptor. Science 2020; 367:681-684. [PMID: 32029627 PMCID: PMC8092076 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes transmit pathogens that kill >700,000 people annually. These insects use body heat to locate and feed on warm-blooded hosts, but the molecular basis of such behavior is unknown. Here, we identify ionotropic receptor IR21a, a receptor conserved throughout insects, as a key mediator of heat seeking in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae Although Ir21a mediates heat avoidance in Drosophila, we find it drives heat seeking and heat-stimulated blood feeding in Anopheles At a cellular level, Ir21a is essential for the detection of cooling, suggesting that during evolution mosquito heat seeking relied on cooling-mediated repulsion. Our data indicate that the evolution of blood feeding in Anopheles involves repurposing an ancestral thermoreceptor from non-blood-feeding Diptera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Greppi
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Willem J Laursen
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Gonzalo Budelli
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Elaine C Chang
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Abigail M Daniels
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Lena van Giesen
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Andrea L Smidler
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Flaminia Catteruccia
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul A Garrity
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA.
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Anholt RRH. Chemosensation and Evolution of Drosophila Host Plant Selection. iScience 2020; 23:100799. [PMID: 31923648 PMCID: PMC6951304 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to respond to chemosensory cues is critical for survival of most organisms. Among insects, Drosophila melanogaster has the best characterized olfactory system, and the availability of genome sequences of 30 Drosophila species provides an ideal scenario for studies on evolution of chemosensation. Gene duplications of chemoreceptor genes allow for functional diversification of the rapidly evolving chemoreceptor repertoire. Although some species of the genus Drosophila are generalists for host plant selection, rapid evolution of olfactory receptors, gustatory receptors, odorant-binding proteins, and cytochrome P450s has enabled diverse host specializations of different members of the genus. Here, I review diversification of the chemoreceptor repertoire among members of the genus Drosophila along with co-evolution of detoxification mechanisms that may have enabled occupation of diverse host plant ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R H Anholt
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry and Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA.
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69
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Manni M, Simao FA, Robertson HM, Gabaglio MA, Waterhouse RM, Misof B, Niehuis O, Szucsich NU, Zdobnov EM. The Genome of the Blind Soil-Dwelling and Ancestrally Wingless Dipluran Campodea augens: A Key Reference Hexapod for Studying the Emergence of Insect Innovations. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 12:3534-3549. [PMID: 31778187 PMCID: PMC6938034 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dipluran two-pronged bristletail Campodea augens is a blind ancestrally wingless hexapod with the remarkable capacity to regenerate lost body appendages such as its long antennae. As sister group to Insecta (sensu stricto), Diplura are key to understanding the early evolution of hexapods and the origin and evolution of insects. Here we report the 1.2-Gb draft genome of C. augens and results from comparative genomic analyses with other arthropods. In C. augens, we uncovered the largest chemosensory gene repertoire of ionotropic receptors in the animal kingdom, a massive expansion that might compensate for the loss of vision. We found a paucity of photoreceptor genes mirroring at the genomic level the secondary loss of an ancestral external photoreceptor organ. Expansions of detoxification and carbohydrate metabolism gene families might reflect adaptations for foraging behavior, and duplicated apoptotic genes might underlie its high regenerative potential. The C. augens genome represents one of the key references for studying the emergence of genomic innovations in insects, the most diverse animal group, and opens up novel opportunities to study the under-explored biology of diplurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosè Manni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva Medical School, Switzerland
| | - Felipe A Simao
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva Medical School, Switzerland
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Marco A Gabaglio
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva Medical School, Switzerland
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Niehuis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert Ludwig University, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Evgeny M Zdobnov
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva Medical School, Switzerland
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70
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Sharko FS, Nedoluzhko AV, Lê BM, Tsygankova SV, Boulygina ES, Rastorguev SM, Sokolov AS, Rodriguez F, Mazur AM, Polilov AA, Benton R, Evgen'ev MB, Arkhipova IR, Prokhortchouk EB, Skryabin KG. A partial genome assembly of the miniature parasitoid wasp, Megaphragma amalphitanum. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226485. [PMID: 31869362 PMCID: PMC6927652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Body size reduction, also known as miniaturization, is an important evolutionary process that affects a number of physiological and phenotypic traits and helps animals conquer new ecological niches. However, this process is poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we report genomic and transcriptomic features of arguably the smallest known insect-the parasitoid wasp, Megaphragma amalphitanum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). In contrast to expectations, we find that the genome and transcriptome sizes of this parasitoid wasp are comparable to other members of the Chalcidoidea superfamily. Moreover, compared to other chalcid wasps the gene content of M. amalphitanum is remarkably conserved. Intriguingly, we observed significant changes in M. amalphitanum transposable element dynamics over time, in which an initial burst was followed by suppression of activity, possibly due to a recent reinforcement of the genome defense machinery. Overall, while the M. amalphitanum genomic data reveal certain features that may be linked to the unusual biological properties of this organism, miniaturization is not associated with a large decrease in genome complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor S. Sharko
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem V. Nedoluzhko
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
- Nord University, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Bodø, Norway
| | - Brandon M. Lê
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Alexey S. Sokolov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fernando Rodriguez
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexander M. Mazur
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Polilov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Richard Benton
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Irina R. Arkhipova
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Egor B. Prokhortchouk
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Skryabin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russia
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71
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Senapati B, Tsao CH, Juan YA, Chiu TH, Wu CL, Waddell S, Lin S. A neural mechanism for deprivation state-specific expression of relevant memories in Drosophila. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:2029-2039. [PMID: 31659341 PMCID: PMC6885014 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Motivational states modulate how animals value sensory stimuli and engage in goal-directed behaviors. The motivational states of thirst and hunger are represented in the brain by shared and unique neuromodulatory systems. However, it is unclear how such systems interact to coordinate the expression of appropriate state-specific behavior. We show that the activity of two brain neurons expressing leucokinin neuropeptide is elevated in thirsty and hungry flies, and that leucokinin release is necessary for state-dependent expression of water- and sugar-seeking memories. Leucokinin inhibits two types of mushroom-body-innervating dopaminergic neurons (DANs) to promote thirst-specific water memory expression, whereas it activates other mushroom-body-innervating DANs to facilitate hunger-dependent sugar memory expression. Selection of hunger- or thirst-appropriate memory emerges from competition between leucokinin and other neuromodulatory hunger signals at the level of the DANs. Therefore, coordinated modulation of the dopaminergic system allows flies to prioritize the expression of the relevant state-dependent motivated behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Senapati
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hui Tsao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Juan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Hsiang Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Scott Waddell
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Suewei Lin
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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72
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Raji JI, Gonzalez S, DeGennaro M. Aedes aegypti Ir8a mutant female mosquitoes show increased attraction to standing water. Commun Integr Biol 2019; 12:181-186. [PMID: 31700566 PMCID: PMC6824317 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2019.1681063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of water sources is crucial for insects such as mosquitoes to avoid desiccation and survive. In addition, mosquitoes use humidity cues to successfully navigate the environment to find a suitable oviposition site. Previous studies have implicated some members of the ionotropic receptor family in humidity sensing by Drosophila. Here, we investigate if IR8a co-receptor mediates water detection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Using a simple behavioral assay, we examined the attraction of Ir8a mutant mosquitoes to standing water. Ir8a mutant mosquitoes were able to discriminate between traps containing water and those without as well as wild-type and heterozygous control females. Surprisingly, the female mutants were more robustly drawn to standing water than control mosquitoes. Further investigation revealed that the increased behavioral attraction to water is likely not mediated by a metabolic need or an activity defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I Raji
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sheyla Gonzalez
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Matthew DeGennaro
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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73
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Yuan H, Chang H, Zhao L, Yang C, Huang Y. Sex- and tissue-specific transcriptome analyses and expression profiling of olfactory-related genes in Ceracris nigricornis Walker (Orthoptera: Acrididae). BMC Genomics 2019; 20:808. [PMID: 31694535 PMCID: PMC6836668 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sophisticated insect olfactory system plays an important role in recognizing external odors and enabling insects to adapt to environment. Foraging, host seeking, mating, ovipositing and other forms of chemical communication are based on olfaction, which requires the participation of multiple olfactory genes. The exclusive evolutionary trend of the olfactory system in Orthoptera insects is an excellent model for studying olfactory evolution, but limited olfaction research is available for these species. The olfactory-related genes of Ceracris nigricornis Walker (Orthoptera: Acrididae), a severe pest of bamboos, have not yet been reported. RESULTS We sequenced and analyzed the transcriptomes from different tissues of C. nigricornis and obtained 223.76 Gb clean data that were assembled into 43,603 unigenes with an N50 length of 2235 bp. Among the transcripts, 66.79% of unigenes were annotated. Based on annotation and tBLASTn results, 112 candidate olfactory-related genes were identified for the first time, including 20 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 10 chemosensory-binding proteins (CSPs), 71 odorant receptors (ORs), eight ionotropic receptors (IRs) and three sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). The fragments per kilobase per million mapped fragments (FPKM) values showed that most olfactory-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in the antennae, and these results were confirmed by detecting the expression of olfactory-related genes with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Among these antennae-enriched genes, some were sex-biased, indicating their different roles in the olfactory system of C. nigricornis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first comprehensive list and expression profiles of olfactory-related genes in C. nigricornis and a foundation for functional studies of these olfactory-related genes at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Huihui Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China.,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China.
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Shan S, Wang SN, Song X, Khashaveh A, Lu ZY, Dhiloo KH, Li RJ, Gao XW, Zhang YJ. Antennal ionotropic receptors IR64a1 and IR64a2 of the parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidate) collaboratively perceive habitat and host cues. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 114:103204. [PMID: 31422151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionotropic receptors (IRs), as a member of the conserved chemoreceptor families in the peripheral nervous system, play a critical role in the chemoreception of Drosophila. However, little is known about IRs in Hymenoptera insects. Here, we comprehensively characterized the gene structure, topological map and chemosensory roles of antennal IRs (MmedIRs) in the hymenopteran parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator. We found that the IRs were conserved across various insect species. In the in situ hybridization assays, most IRs showed female antennae biased features, and there was no co-expression of the IRs and the olfactory receptor co-receptor (ORco). Moreover, three IR co-expressed complexes, IR75u-IR8a, IR64a1-IR8a and IR64a2-IR8a, were detected. Two genes with high similarity, IR64a1 and IR64a2, were located in distinct neurons but projected to the same sensillum. In two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings, IR64a1 was widely tuned to the chemicals from habitat cues released from host plants over long distances, whereas IR64a2 responded to a narrow range host cues and plant odors with low-volatility. Notably, IR64a2 was able to perceive Z9-14: Ald, a vital sex pheromone component that is released from Helicoverpa armigera, which is the preferred host of M. mediator. Furthermore, most ligands of IR64a1 and IR64a2 can trigger electrophysiological responses in female wasps. We propose that IR64a1 and IR64a2 collaboratively perceive habitat and host cues to assist parasitoids in efficiently seeking hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shan-Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xuan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Adel Khashaveh
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zi-Yun Lu
- IPM Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Khalid Hussain Dhiloo
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, 70060, Pakistan
| | - Rui-Jun Li
- College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Xi-Wu Gao
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yong-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Cui Y, Kang C, Wu Z, Lin J. Identification and Expression Analyses of Olfactory Gene Families in the Rice Grasshopper, Oxya chinensis, From Antennal Transcriptomes. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1223. [PMID: 31616318 PMCID: PMC6775195 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rice grasshopper Oxya chinensis is an important agricultural pest of rice and other gramineous plants. Chemosensory genes are crucial factors in direct interactions with odorants in the olfactory process. Here we identified genes encoding 18 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 13 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 94 olfactory receptors (ORs), 12 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) from O. chinensis using an transcriptomic approach. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assays revealed that six OBP-encoding genes (OchiOBP4, 5, 8, 9, 10, and 14), one CSP gene (OchiOBP10) and two IR genes (OchiIR28 and 29) were exclusively expressed in antennae, suggesting their roles in olfaction. Real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that genes expressed exclusively or predominantly in antennae also displayed significant differences in expression levels between males and females. Among the differentially expressed genes, 17 OR-encoding genes, one CSP- and one SNMP-gene showed female-biased expression, suggesting that they may be involved in some female-specific behaviors such as seeking oviposition site; whereas the three remaining OR-encoding genes showed male-biased expression, indicating their possible roles in sensing female sex pheromones. Our results laid a solid foundation for future studies to reveal olfactory mechanisms as well as designing strategies for controlling this rice pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cui
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Kang
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongzhen Wu
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jintian Lin
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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76
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Zhou LY, Li W, Liu HY, Xiang F, Kang YK, Yin X, Huang AP, Wang YJ. Systemic identification and analyses of genes potentially involved in chemosensory in the devastating tea pest Basilepta melanopus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 31:100586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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77
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Wu Z, Kang C, Qu M, Chen J, Chen M, Bin S, Lin J. Candidates for chemosensory genes identified in the Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax, through a transcriptomic analysis. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:646. [PMID: 31412763 PMCID: PMC6693287 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The males of many Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) respond strongly to plant-derived chemicals (male lures) and can be divided into cue lure/raspberry ketone (CL/RK) responders, methyl eugenol (ME) responders and non-responders. Representing a non-responders, Bactrocera minax display unique olfactory sensory characteristics compared with other Bactrocera species. The chemical senses of insects mediate behaviors that are associated with survival and reproduction. Here, we report the generation of transcriptomes from antennae and the rectal glands of both male and female adults of B. minax using Illumina sequencing technology, and annotated gene families potentially responsible for chemosensory. Results We developed four transcriptomes from different tissues of B. minax and identified a set of candidate genes potentially responsible for chemosensory by analyzing the transcriptomic data. The candidates included 40 unigenes coding for odorant receptors (ORs), 30 for ionotropic receptors (IRs), 17 for gustatory receptors (GRs), three for sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), 33 for odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), four for chemosensory proteins (CSPs). Sex- and tissue-specific expression profiles for candidate chemosensory genes were analyzed via transcriptomic data analyses, and expression profiles of all ORs and antennal IRs were investigated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Phylogenetic analyses were also conducted on gene families and paralogs from other insect species together. Conclusions A large number of chemosensory genes were identified from transcriptomic data. Identification of these candidate genes and their expression profiles in various tissues provide useful information for future studies towards revealing their function in B. minax. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-6022-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhen Wu
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Kang
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqiu Qu
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Chen
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingshun Chen
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Shuying Bin
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintian Lin
- Guang Zhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China.
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Mutagenesis of odorant coreceptor Orco fully disrupts foraging but not oviposition behaviors in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:15677-15685. [PMID: 31320583 PMCID: PMC6681710 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902089116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hawkmoth Manduca sexta and one of its preferred hosts in the North American Southwest, Datura wrightii, share a model insect-plant relationship based on mutualistic and antagonistic life-history traits. D. wrightii is the innately preferred nectar source and oviposition host for M. sexta Hence, the hawkmoth is an important pollinator while the M. sexta larvae are specialized herbivores of the plant. Olfactory detection of plant volatiles plays a crucial role in the behavior of the hawkmoth. In vivo, the odorant receptor coreceptor (Orco) is an obligatory component for the function of odorant receptors (ORs), a major receptor family involved in insect olfaction. We used CRISPR-Cas9 targeted mutagenesis to knock out (KO) the MsexOrco gene to test the consequences of a loss of OR-mediated olfaction in an insect-plant relationship. Neurophysiological characterization revealed severely reduced antennal and antennal lobe responses to representative odorants emitted by D. wrightii In a wind-tunnel setting with a flowering plant, Orco KO hawkmoths showed disrupted flight orientation and an ablated proboscis extension response to the natural stimulus. The Orco KO gravid female displayed reduced attraction toward a nonflowering plant. However, more than half of hawkmoths were able to use characteristic odor-directed flight orientation and oviposit on the host plant. Overall, OR-mediated olfaction is essential for foraging and pollination behaviors, but plant-seeking and oviposition behaviors are sustained through additional OR-independent sensory cues.
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79
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Zhao HX, Xiao WY, Ji CH, Ren Q, Xia XS, Zhang XF, Huang WZ. Candidate chemosensory genes identified from the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, through a transcriptomic analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10032. [PMID: 31296896 PMCID: PMC6624281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Galleriinae), is a ubiquitous pest of the honeybee, and poses a serious threat to the global honeybee industry. G. mellonella pheromone system is unusual compared to other lepidopterans and provides a unique olfactory model for pheromone perception. To better understand the olfactory mechanisms in G. mellonella, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis on the antennae of both male and female adults of G. mellonella using high-throughput sequencing and annotated gene families potentially involved in chemoreception. We annotated 46 unigenes coding for odorant receptors, 25 for ionotropic receptors, two for sensory neuron membrane proteins, 22 for odorant binding proteins and 20 for chemosensory proteins. Expressed primarily in antennae were all the 46 odorant receptor unigenes, nine of the 14 ionotropic receptor unigenes, and two of the 22 unigenes coding for odorant binding proteins, suggesting their putative roles in olfaction. The expression of some of the identified unigenes were sex-specific, suggesting that they may have important functions in the reproductive behavior of the insect. Identification of the candidate unigenes and initial analyses on their expression profiles should facilitate functional studies in the future on chemoreception mechanisms in this species and related lepidopteran moths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Wan-Yu Xiao
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, PR China
| | - Cong-Hui Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Qin Ren
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, 402460, PR China
| | - Xiao-Shan Xia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Xue-Feng Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China.
| | - Wen-Zhong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China.
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80
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Lei J, Liu Q, Kadowaki T. Honey Bee Parasitic Mite Contains the Sensilla-Rich Sensory Organ on the Foreleg Tarsus Expressing Ionotropic Receptors With Conserved Functions. Front Physiol 2019; 10:556. [PMID: 31143129 PMCID: PMC6520597 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey bee parasitic mites (Tropilaelaps mercedesae and Varroa destructor) detect temperature, humidity, and odor but the underlying sensory mechanisms are poorly understood. To uncover how T. mercedesae responds to environmental stimuli inside a hive, we first identified the sensilla-rich sensory organ on the foreleg tarsus. The organ appeared to correspond to Haller’s organ in ticks and contained four types of sensilla, which may respond to different stimuli based on their morphology. We searched for differentially expressed genes between the forelegs and hindlegs to identify mRNAs potentially associated with the sensory organ. The forelegs were enriched with mRNAs encoding sensory proteins such as ionotropic receptors (IRs) and gustatory receptors, as well as proteins involved in ciliary transport. We also found that T. mercedesae IR25a and IR93a were capable of rescuing temperature and humidity preference defects in Drosophila melanogaster IR25a and IR93a mutants. These results demonstrate that the structures and physiological functions of ancient IRs have been conserved during arthropod evolution. Our study provides insight into the sensory mechanisms of honey bee parasitic mites, as well as potential targets for methods to control the most serious honey bee pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiushi Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tatsuhiko Kadowaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
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81
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Abuin L, Prieto-Godino LL, Pan H, Gutierrez C, Huang L, Jin R, Benton R. In vivo assembly and trafficking of olfactory Ionotropic Receptors. BMC Biol 2019; 17:34. [PMID: 30995910 PMCID: PMC6472016 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ionotropic receptors (IRs) are a large, divergent subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) that are expressed in diverse peripheral sensory neurons and function in olfaction, taste, hygrosensation and thermosensation. Analogous to the cell biological properties of their synaptic iGluR ancestors, IRs are thought to form heteromeric complexes that localise to the ciliated dendrites of sensory neurons. IR complexes are composed of selectively expressed ‘tuning’ receptors and one of two broadly expressed co-receptors (IR8a or IR25a). While the extracellular ligand-binding domain (LBD) of tuning IRs is likely to define the stimulus specificity of the complex, the role of this domain in co-receptors is unclear. Results We identify a sequence in the co-receptor LBD, the ‘co-receptor extra loop’ (CREL), which is conserved across IR8a and IR25a orthologues but not present in either tuning IRs or iGluRs. The CREL contains a single predicted N-glycosylation site, which we show bears a sugar modification in recombinantly expressed IR8a. Using the Drosophila olfactory system as an in vivo model, we find that a transgenically encoded IR8a mutant in which the CREL cannot be N-glycosylated is impaired in localisation to cilia in some, though not all, populations of sensory neurons expressing different tuning IRs. This defect can be complemented by the presence of endogenous wild-type IR8a, indicating that IR complexes contain at least two IR8a subunits and that this post-translational modification is dispensable for protein folding or complex assembly. Analysis of the subcellular distribution of the mutant protein suggests that its absence from sensory cilia is due to a failure in exit from the endoplasmic reticulum. Protein modelling and in vivo analysis of tuning IR and co-receptor subunit interactions by a fluorescent protein fragment complementation assay reveal that the CREL N-glycosylation site is likely to be located on the external face of a heterotetrameric IR complex. Conclusions Our data reveal an important role for the IR co-receptor LBD in control of intracellular transport, provide novel insights into the stoichiometry and assembly of IR complexes and uncover an unexpected heterogeneity in the trafficking regulation of this sensory receptor family. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12915-019-0651-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Abuin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Génopode Building, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia L Prieto-Godino
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Génopode Building, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Present address: The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Brill Place, London, NW1 1BF, UK
| | - Haiyun Pan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Conagen, 15 DeAngelo Dr, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Craig Gutierrez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rongsheng Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Richard Benton
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Génopode Building, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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82
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Raji JI, Melo N, Castillo JS, Gonzalez S, Saldana V, Stensmyr MC, DeGennaro M. Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Detect Acidic Volatiles Found in Human Odor Using the IR8a Pathway. Curr Biol 2019; 29:1253-1262.e7. [PMID: 30930038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes use olfaction as a primary means of detecting their hosts. Previously, the functional ablation of a family of Aedes aegypti olfactory receptors, the odorant receptors (ORs), was not sufficient to reduce host seeking in the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2). This suggests the olfactory receptors that remain, such as the ionotropic receptors (IRs), could play a significant role in host detection. To test this, we disrupted the Ir8a co-receptor in Ae. aegypti using CRISPR/Cas9. We found that Ir8a mutant female mosquitoes are not attracted to lactic acid, a behaviorally active component of human sweat, and they lack odor-evoked responses to acidic volatiles. The loss of Ir8a reduces mosquito attraction to humans and their odor. We show that the CO2-detection pathway is necessary but not sufficient for IR8a to detect human odor. Our study reveals that the IR8a pathway is crucial for an anthropophilic vector mosquito to effectively seek hosts. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I Raji
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Nadia Melo
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - John S Castillo
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Sheyla Gonzalez
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Valeria Saldana
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | | | - Matthew DeGennaro
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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83
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Chahda JS, Soni N, Sun JS, Ebrahim SAM, Weiss BL, Carlson JR. The molecular and cellular basis of olfactory response to tsetse fly attractants. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008005. [PMID: 30875383 PMCID: PMC6420007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipteran or "true" flies occupy nearly every terrestrial habitat, and have evolved to feed upon a wide variety of sources including fruit, pollen, decomposing animal matter, and even vertebrate blood. Here we analyze the molecular, genetic and cellular basis of odor response in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans, which feeds on the blood of humans and their livestock, and is a vector of deadly trypanosomes. The G. morsitans antenna contains specialized subtypes of sensilla, some of which line a sensory pit not found in the fruit fly Drosophila. We characterize distinct patterns of G. morsitans Odor receptor (GmmOr) gene expression in the antenna. We devise a new version of the "empty neuron" heterologous expression system, and use it to functionally express several GmmOrs in a mutant olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) of Drosophila. GmmOr35 responds to 1-hexen-3-ol, an odorant found in human emanations, and also alpha-pinene, a compound produced by malarial parasites. Another receptor, GmmOr9, which is expressed in the sensory pit, responds to acetone, 2-butanone and 2-propanol. We confirm by electrophysiological recording that neurons of the sensory pit respond to these odorants. Acetone and 2-butanone are strong attractants long used in the field to trap tsetse. We find that 2-propanol is also an attractant for both G. morsitans and the related species G. fuscipes, a major vector of African sleeping sickness. The results identify 2-propanol as a candidate for an environmentally friendly and practical tsetse attractant. Taken together, this work characterizes the olfactory system of a highly distinct kind of fly, and it provides an approach to identifying new agents for controlling the fly and the devastating diseases that it carries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Sebastian Chahda
- Dept. of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Neeraj Soni
- Dept. of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jennifer S. Sun
- Dept. of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Shimaa A. M. Ebrahim
- Dept. of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Brian L. Weiss
- Dept. of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - John R. Carlson
- Dept. of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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84
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Robertson HM, Robertson ECN, Walden KKO, Enders LS, Miller NJ. The chemoreceptors and odorant binding proteins of the soybean and pea aphids. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 105:69-78. [PMID: 30654011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We examined the genome of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, and an updated genome assembly of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, for members of the three major families of chemoreceptors, the Odorant Receptors (ORs), Gustatory Receptors (GRs) and Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), as well as the Odorant Binding Proteins (OBPs). The soybean aphid has 47 ORs, 61 GRs, 19 IRs, and 10 OBPs, compared with 87 ORs, 78 Grs, 19 IRs, and 18 OBPs in the pea aphid, with variable numbers of pseudogenes in the OR and GR families. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that while all of the IRs are simple orthologs between these two species, the OR, GR, and OBP families in the pea aphid have experienced major expansions of particular gene lineages and fewer losses of gene lineages. This imbalance in birth-and-death of chemosensory genes has led to the larger pea aphid gene repertoire, which might be related to the broader host range of pea aphids versus the specialization of soybean aphids on a single summer host plant. Examination of the expression levels of these chemosensory genes in parthenogenetic and sexual females and males of pea aphids revealed multiple genes that are differentially expressed in sexual females or males and might be involved in reproductive biology. Examination of the soybean aphid genes in parthenogenetic females under multiple stressors revealed multiple genes whose expression levels changed with heat or starvation stress, the latter potentially important in finding new food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Erica C N Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Kimberly K O Walden
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Laramy S Enders
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nicholas J Miller
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.
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85
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Budelli G, Ni L, Berciu C, van Giesen L, Knecht ZA, Chang EC, Kaminski B, Silbering AF, Samuel A, Klein M, Benton R, Nicastro D, Garrity PA. Ionotropic Receptors Specify the Morphogenesis of Phasic Sensors Controlling Rapid Thermal Preference in Drosophila. Neuron 2019; 101:738-747.e3. [PMID: 30654923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Thermosensation is critical for avoiding thermal extremes and regulating body temperature. While thermosensors activated by noxious temperatures respond to hot or cold, many innocuous thermosensors exhibit robust baseline activity and lack discrete temperature thresholds, suggesting they are not simply warm and cool detectors. Here, we investigate how the aristal Cold Cells encode innocuous temperatures in Drosophila. We find they are not cold sensors but cooling-activated and warming-inhibited phasic thermosensors that operate similarly at warm and cool temperatures; we propose renaming them "Cooling Cells." Unexpectedly, Cooling Cell thermosensing does not require the previously reported Brivido Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels. Instead, three Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), IR21a, IR25a, and IR93a, specify both the unique structure of Cooling Cell cilia endings and their thermosensitivity. Behaviorally, Cooling Cells promote both warm and cool avoidance. These findings reveal a morphogenetic role for IRs and demonstrate the central role of phasic thermosensing in innocuous thermosensation. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Budelli
- Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Lina Ni
- Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Cristina Berciu
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Lena van Giesen
- Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Zachary A Knecht
- Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Elaine C Chang
- Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Benjamin Kaminski
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Ana F Silbering
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Aravi Samuel
- Department of Physics and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Mason Klein
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; Department of Physics and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Richard Benton
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Nicastro
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, USA.
| | - Paul A Garrity
- Volen Center for Complex Systems, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
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86
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Robertson HM. Molecular Evolution of the Major Arthropod Chemoreceptor Gene Families. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 64:227-242. [PMID: 30312552 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary origins of the three major families of chemoreceptors in arthropods-the odorant receptor (OR), gustatory receptor (GR), and ionotropic receptor (IR) families-occurred at the base of the Insecta, Animalia, and Protostomia, respectively. Comparison of receptor family sizes across arthropods reveals a generally positive correlation with their widely disparate complexity of chemical ecology. Closely related species reveal the ongoing processes of gene family evolution, including gene duplication, divergence, pseudogenization, and loss, that mediate these larger patterns. Sets of paralogous receptors within species reveal positive selection on amino acids in regions likely to contribute to ligand binding and specificity. Ligands of many ORs and some GRs and IRs have been identified; however, ligand identification for many more chemoreceptors is needed, as are structures for the OR/GR superfamily, to improve our understanding of the molecular evolution of these ecologically important receptors in arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA;
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87
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Robertson HM, Waterhouse RM, Walden KKO, Ruzzante L, Reijnders MJMF, Coates BS, Legeai F, Gress JC, Biyiklioglu S, Weaver DK, Wanner KW, Budak H. Genome Sequence of the Wheat Stem Sawfly, Cephus cinctus, Representing an Early-Branching Lineage of the Hymenoptera, Illuminates Evolution of Hymenopteran Chemoreceptors. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:2997-3011. [PMID: 30335145 PMCID: PMC6250288 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, is a major pest of wheat and key ecological player in the grasslands of western North America. It also represents the distinctive Cephoidea superfamily of sawflies (Symphyta) that appeared early during the hymenopteran radiation, but after three early-branching eusymphytan superfamilies that form the base of the order Hymenoptera. We present a high-quality draft genome assembly of 162 Mb in 1,976 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 622 kb. Automated gene annotation identified 11,210 protein-coding gene models and 1,307 noncoding RNA models. Thirteen percent of the assembly consists of ∼58,000 transposable elements partitioned equally between Class-I and Class-II elements. Orthology analysis reveals that 86% of Cephus proteins have identifiable orthologs in other insects. Phylogenomic analysis of conserved subsets of these proteins supports the placement of the Cephoidea between the Eusymphyta and the parasitic woodwasp superfamily Orussoidea. Manual annotation and phylogenetic analysis of families of odorant, gustatory, and ionotropic receptors, plus odorant-binding proteins, shows that Cephus has representatives for most conserved and expanded gene lineages in the Apocrita (wasps, ants, and bees). Cephus has also maintained several insect gene lineages that have been lost from the Apocrita, most prominently the carbon dioxide receptor subfamily. Furthermore, Cephus encodes a few small lineage-specific chemoreceptor gene family expansions that might be involved in adaptations to new grasses including wheat. These comparative analyses identify gene family members likely to have been present in the hymenopteran ancestor and provide a new perspective on the evolution of the chemosensory gene repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Livio Ruzzante
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maarten J M F Reijnders
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brad S Coates
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), Corn Insects & Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, Iowa
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- Ecology and Genetics of Insects, INRA, UMR IGEPP 1349, Rennes, France
| | - Joanna C Gress
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College, Tifton, Georgia
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
| | - Sezgi Biyiklioglu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
| | - David K Weaver
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University
| | - Kevin W Wanner
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
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88
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Sánchez-Alcañiz JA, Silbering AF, Croset V, Zappia G, Sivasubramaniam AK, Abuin L, Sahai SY, Münch D, Steck K, Auer TO, Cruchet S, Neagu-Maier GL, Sprecher SG, Ribeiro C, Yapici N, Benton R. An expression atlas of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors identifies a molecular basis of carbonation sensing. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4252. [PMID: 30315166 PMCID: PMC6185939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Through analysis of the Drosophila ionotropic receptors (IRs), a family of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors, we reveal that most IRs are expressed in peripheral neuron populations in diverse gustatory organs in larvae and adults. We characterise IR56d, which defines two anatomically-distinct neuron classes in the proboscis: one responds to carbonated solutions and fatty acids while the other represents a subset of sugar- and fatty acid-sensing cells. Mutational analysis indicates that IR56d, together with the broadly-expressed co-receptors IR25a and IR76b, is essential for physiological responses to carbonation and fatty acids, but not sugars. We further demonstrate that carbonation and fatty acids both promote IR56d-dependent attraction of flies, but through different behavioural outputs. Our work provides a toolkit for investigating taste functions of IRs, defines a subset of these receptors required for carbonation sensing, and illustrates how the gustatory system uses combinatorial expression of sensory molecules in distinct neurons to coordinate behaviour. Little is known about the role of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors (IRs) in insect taste. Here the authors characterise the expression pattern of IRs in the Drosophila gustatory system and highlight the role of one receptor, IR56d, in the detection of carbonation
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Sánchez-Alcañiz
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Ana Florencia Silbering
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Croset
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.,Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SR, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Zappia
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Anantha Krishna Sivasubramaniam
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Abuin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Saumya Yashmohini Sahai
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, W153 Mudd Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Daniel Münch
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, 1400-038, Portugal
| | - Kathrin Steck
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, 1400-038, Portugal
| | - Thomas O Auer
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Steeve Cruchet
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - G Larisa Neagu-Maier
- Department of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Simon G Sprecher
- Department of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, 1400-038, Portugal
| | - Nilay Yapici
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, W153 Mudd Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Richard Benton
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
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89
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Kozma MT, Schmidt M, Ngo-Vu H, Sparks SD, Senatore A, Derby CD. Chemoreceptor proteins in the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus: Expression of Ionotropic Receptors, Gustatory Receptors, and TRP channels in two chemosensory organs and brain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203935. [PMID: 30240423 PMCID: PMC6150509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, has two classes of chemosensilla representing “olfaction” and “distributed chemoreception,” as is typical for decapod crustaceans. Olfactory sensilla are found exclusively on antennular lateral flagella and are innervated only by olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) that project into olfactory lobes organized into glomeruli in the brain. Distributed chemoreceptor sensilla are found on all body surfaces including the antennular lateral flagella (LF) and walking leg dactyls (dactyls), and are innervated by both chemoreceptor neurons (CRNs) and mechanoreceptor neurons that project into somatotopically organized neuropils. Here, we examined expression of three classes of chemosensory genes in transcriptomes of the LF (with ORNs and CRNs), dactyls (with only CRNs), and brain of P. argus: Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), which are related to ionotropic glutamate receptors and found in all protostomes including crustaceans; Gustatory Receptors (GRs), which are ionotropic receptors that are abundantly expressed in insects but more restricted in crustaceans; and Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, a diverse set of sensor-channels that include several chemosensors in diverse animals. We identified 108 IRs, one GR, and 18 homologues representing all seven subfamilies of TRP channels. The number of IRs expressed in the LF is far greater than in dactyls, possibly reflecting the contribution of receptor proteins associated with the ORNs beyond those associated with CRNs. We found co-receptor IRs (IR8a, IR25a, IR76b, IR93a) and conserved IRs (IR21a, IR40a) in addition to the numerous divergent IRs in the LF, dactyl, and brain. Immunocytochemistry showed that IR25a is expressed in ORNs, CRNs, and a specific type of cell located in the brain near the olfactory lobes. While the function of IRs, TRP channels, and the GR was not explored, our results suggest that P. argus has an abundance of diverse putative chemoreceptor proteins that it may use in chemoreception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihika T. Kozma
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Manfred Schmidt
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hanh Ngo-Vu
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Shea D. Sparks
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Adriano Senatore
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles D. Derby
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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90
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Sun JS, Larter NK, Chahda JS, Rioux D, Gumaste A, Carlson JR. Humidity response depends on the small soluble protein Obp59a in Drosophila. eLife 2018; 7:39249. [PMID: 30230472 PMCID: PMC6191283 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hygrosensation is an essential sensory modality that is used to find sources of moisture. Hygroreception allows animals to avoid desiccation, an existential threat that is increasing with climate change. Humidity response, however, remains poorly understood. Here we find that humidity-detecting sensilla in the Drosophila antenna express and rely on a small protein, Obp59a. Mutants lacking this protein are defective in three hygrosensory behaviors, one operating over seconds, one over minutes, and one over hours. Remarkably, loss of Obp59a and humidity response leads to an increase in desiccation resistance. Obp59a is an exceptionally well-conserved, highly localized, and abundantly expressed member of a large family of secreted proteins. Antennal Obps have long been believed to transport hydrophobic odorants, and a role in hygroreception was unexpected. The results enhance our understanding of hygroreception, Obp function, and desiccation resistance, a process that is critical to insect survival. Some insects have a sense – called hygroreception – that allows them to detect changing levels of moisture in the air. These insects use this sense to avoid becoming too dry, or to find food or places to lay their eggs. In many species, including the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the antennae are important for hygroreception. Cells in the antennae produce lots of small proteins called odorant binding proteins, or Obps for short. These proteins are believed mostly to help the antennae to detect various chemical signals in the air, but it was not known if any of these proteins were also involved in hygroreception. Obp59a is an odorant binding protein that is found in the parts of the antennae that sense moisture, and Sun et al. set out to establish whether it has a role in hygroreception in the fruit fly. A closer look confirmed that Obp59a proteins were indeed found specifically in the moisture-sensitive parts of the antennae, the hygroreceptive sensilla. Further experiments showed that flies without Obp59a could not respond properly to changing humidity over periods of seconds, minutes and hours. These results indicated that Obp59a is important for insect hygroreception. Perhaps unexpectedly, these mutant flies were also more resistant to drying out. Sun et al. suggest that, because flies without Obp59a struggle with hygroreception, they may also become more cautious to avoid becoming too dry. Further experiments could now test this hypothesis. Since insects like mosquitoes use hygroreception to find their human hosts or choose where to lay their eggs, Obp59a may become a useful target for controlling insect-borne infections. Also, understanding insect hygroreception may yield new insights into how climate change will affect insect populations around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Sun
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Nikki K Larter
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - J Sebastian Chahda
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Douglas Rioux
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Ankita Gumaste
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - John R Carlson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, United States
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91
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Miwa Y, Koganezawa M, Yamamoto D. Antennae sense heat stress to inhibit mating and promote escaping in Drosophila females. J Neurogenet 2018; 32:353-363. [PMID: 30231794 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2018.1513507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stress is a major factor that affects courtship behavior and evolutionary fitness. Although mature virgin females of Drosophila melanogaster usually accept a courting male to mate, they may not mate under stressful conditions. Above the temperature optimal for mating (20-25 °C), copulation success of D. melanogaster declines with increasing temperature although we observed vigorous courtship attempts by males, and no copulation takes place at temperatures over 36 °C. We attempted to identify the sensory pathway for detecting heat threat that drives a female to escape rather than to engage in mating that detects hot temperature and suppresses courtship behavior. We found that the artificial activation of warmth-sensitive neurons ('hot cells') in the antennal arista of females completely abrogates female copulation success even at permissive temperatures below 32 °C. Moreover, mutational loss of the GR28b.d thermoreceptor protein caused females to copulate even at 36 °C. These results indicate that antennal hot cells provide the input channel for detecting the high ambient temperature in the control of virgin female mating under stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miwa
- a Division of Neurogenetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences , Sendai , Japan.,b Neuro-Network Evolution Project , Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology , Kobe , Japan
| | - Masayuki Koganezawa
- a Division of Neurogenetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences , Sendai , Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamamoto
- a Division of Neurogenetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences , Sendai , Japan.,b Neuro-Network Evolution Project , Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology , Kobe , Japan
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92
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Gomez-Diaz C, Martin F, Garcia-Fernandez JM, Alcorta E. The Two Main Olfactory Receptor Families in Drosophila, ORs and IRs: A Comparative Approach. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:253. [PMID: 30214396 PMCID: PMC6125307 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most insect species rely on the detection of olfactory cues for critical behaviors for the survival of the species, e.g., finding food, suitable mates and appropriate egg-laying sites. Although insects show a diverse array of molecular receptors dedicated to the detection of sensory cues, two main types of molecular receptors have been described as responsible for olfactory reception in Drosophila, the odorant receptors (ORs) and the ionotropic receptors (IRs). Although both receptor families share the role of being the first chemosensors in the insect olfactory system, they show distinct evolutionary origins and several distinct structural and functional characteristics. While ORs are seven-transmembrane-domain receptor proteins, IRs are related to the ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) family. Both types of receptors are expressed on the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of the main olfactory organ, the antenna, but they are housed in different types of sensilla, IRs in coeloconic sensilla and ORs in basiconic and trichoid sensilla. More importantly, from the functional point of view, they display different odorant specificity profiles. Research advances in the last decade have improved our understanding of the molecular basis, evolution and functional roles of these two families, but there are still controversies and unsolved key questions that remain to be answered. Here, we present an updated review on the advances of the genetic basis, evolution, structure, functional response and regulation of both types of chemosensory receptors. We use a comparative approach to highlight the similarities and differences among them. Moreover, we will discuss major open questions in the field of olfactory reception in insects. A comprehensive analysis of the structural and functional convergence and divergence of both types of receptors will help in elucidating the molecular basis of the function and regulation of chemoreception in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gomez-Diaz
- Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Martin
- Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Esther Alcorta
- Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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93
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Liu NY, Xu W, Dong SL, Zhu JY, Xu YX, Anderson A. Genome-wide analysis of ionotropic receptor gene repertoire in Lepidoptera with an emphasis on its functions of Helicoverpa armigera. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 99:37-53. [PMID: 29800678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The functions of the Ionotropic Receptor (IR) family have been well studied in Drosophila melanogaster, but only limited information is available in Lepidoptera. Here, we conducted a large-scale genome-wide analysis of the IR gene repertoire in 13 moths and 16 butterflies. Combining a homology-based approach and manual efforts, totally 996 IR candidates are identified including 31 pseudogenes and 825 full-length sequences, representing the most current comprehensive annotation in lepidopteran species. The phylogeny, expression and sequence characteristics classify Lepidoptera IRs into three sub-families: antennal IRs (A-IRs), divergent IRs (D-IRs) and Lepidoptera-specific IRs (LS-IRs), which is distinct from the case of Drosophila IRs. In comparison to LS-IRs and D-IRs, A-IRs members share a higher degree of protein identity and are distinguished into 16 orthologous groups in the phylogeny, showing conservation of gene structure. Analysis of selective forces on 27 orthologous groups reveals that these lepidopteran IRs have evolved under strong purifying selection (dN/dS≪1). Most notably, lineage-specific gene duplications that contribute primarily to gene number variations across Lepidoptera not only exist in D-IRs, but are present in the two other sub-families including members of IR41a, 76b, 87a, 100a and 100b. Expression profiling analysis reveals that over 80% (21/26) of Helicoverpa armigera A-IRs are expressed more highly in antennae of adults or larvae than other tissues, consistent with its proposed function in olfaction. However, some are also detected in taste organs like proboscises and legs. These results suggest that some A-IRs in H. armigera likely bear a dual function with their involvement in olfaction and gustation. Results from mating experiments show that two HarmIRs (IR1.2 and IR75d) expression is significantly up-regulated in antennae of mated female moths. However, no expression difference is observed between unmated female and male adults, suggesting an association with female host-searching behaviors. Our current study has greatly extended the IR gene repertoire resource in Lepidoptera, and more importantly, identifies potential IR candidates for olfactory, gustatory and oviposition behaviors in the cotton bollworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Shuang-Lin Dong
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jia-Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yu-Xing Xu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Alisha Anderson
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia.
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94
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Robertson HM, Baits RL, Walden KK, Wada‐Katsumata A, Schal C. Enormous expansion of the chemosensory gene repertoire in the omnivorous German cockroach Blattella germanica. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2018; 330:265-278. [PMID: 29566459 PMCID: PMC6175461 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of genome sequences from a wide range of insects and other arthropods has revealed a broad positive correlation between the complexity of their chemical ecology and the size of their chemosensory gene repertoire. The German cockroach Blattella germanica is an extreme omnivore and has the largest chemosensory gene repertoire known for an arthropod, exceeding even the highly polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae. While the Odorant Receptor family is not particularly large, with 123 genes potentially encoding 134 receptors (105 intact), the Gustatory Receptor family is greatly expanded to 431 genes potentially encoding 545 receptors (483 intact), the largest known for insects and second only to the spider mite. The Ionotropic Receptor family of olfactory and gustatory receptors is vastly expanded to at least 897 genes (604 intact), the largest size known in arthropods, far surpassing the 150 known from the dampwood termite Zootermopsis nevadensis. Commensurately, the Odorant Binding Protein family is expanded to the largest known for insects at 109 genes (all intact). Comparison with the far more specialized, but phylogenetically related termite, within the Dictyoptera, reveals considerable gene losses from the termite, and massive species-specific gene expansions in the cockroach. The cockroach has lost function of 11%-41% of these three chemoreceptor gene families to pseudogenization, and most of these are young events, implying rapid turnover of genes along with these major expansions, presumably in response to changes in its chemical ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh M. Robertson
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Rachel L. Baits
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Kimberly K.O. Walden
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Ayako Wada‐Katsumata
- Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
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95
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A foreleg transcriptome for Ixodes scapularis ticks: Candidates for chemoreceptors and binding proteins that might be expressed in the sensory Haller's organ. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 9:1317-1327. [PMID: 29886186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular basis for the olfactory capabilities of the sensory Haller's organ on the forelegs of ticks. We first expanded the known repertoire of Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), a variant lineage of the ionotropic glutamate receptors, encoded by the black-legged Ixodes scapularis genome from 15 to 125. We then undertook a transcriptome study of fore- and hind-legs of this tick in an effort to identify candidate chemoreceptors differentially expressed in forelegs as likely to be involved in Haller's organ functions. We primarily identified members of the IR family, specifically Ir25a and Ir93a, as highly and differentially expressed in forelegs. Several other IRs, as well as a few members of the gustatory receptor family, were expressed at low levels in forelegs and might contribute to the sensory function of Haller's organ. In addition, we identified eight small families of secreted proteins, with sets of conserved cysteines, which might function as binding proteins. The genes encoding these Microplusin-Like proteins and two previously described Odorant Binding Protein-Like proteins share a common exon-intron structure, suggesting that they all evolved from a common ancestor and represent an independent origin of binding proteins with potential roles comparable to the ChemoSensory Proteins and Odorant Binding Proteins of insects. We also found two Niemann-Pick Type C2 proteins with foreleg-biased expression, however we were unable to detect foreleg-biased expression of a G-Protein-Coupled pathway previously proposed to mediate olfaction in the tick Haller's organ.
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96
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Genome-based identification and analysis of ionotropic receptors in Spodoptera litura. Naturwissenschaften 2018; 105:38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-018-1563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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97
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Poynton HC, Hasenbein S, Benoit JB, Sepulveda MS, Poelchau MF, Hughes DST, Murali SC, Chen S, Glastad KM, Goodisman MAD, Werren JH, Vineis JH, Bowen JL, Friedrich M, Jones J, Robertson HM, Feyereisen R, Mechler-Hickson A, Mathers N, Lee CE, Colbourne JK, Biales A, Johnston JS, Wellborn GA, Rosendale AJ, Cridge AG, Munoz-Torres MC, Bain PA, Manny AR, Major KM, Lambert FN, Vulpe CD, Tuck P, Blalock BJ, Lin YY, Smith ME, Ochoa-Acuña H, Chen MJM, Childers CP, Qu J, Dugan S, Lee SL, Chao H, Dinh H, Han Y, Doddapaneni H, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Richards S. The Toxicogenome of Hyalella azteca: A Model for Sediment Ecotoxicology and Evolutionary Toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:6009-6022. [PMID: 29634279 DOI: 10.15482/usda.adc/1415994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyalella azteca is a cryptic species complex of epibenthic amphipods of interest to ecotoxicology and evolutionary biology. It is the primary crustacean used in North America for sediment toxicity testing and an emerging model for molecular ecotoxicology. To provide molecular resources for sediment quality assessments and evolutionary studies, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genome of the H. azteca U.S. Lab Strain. The genome quality and completeness is comparable with other ecotoxicological model species. Through targeted investigation and use of gene expression data sets of H. azteca exposed to pesticides, metals, and other emerging contaminants, we annotated and characterized the major gene families involved in sequestration, detoxification, oxidative stress, and toxicant response. Our results revealed gene loss related to light sensing, but a large expansion in chemoreceptors, likely underlying sensory shifts necessary in their low light habitats. Gene family expansions were also noted for cytochrome P450 genes, cuticle proteins, ion transporters, and include recent gene duplications in the metal sequestration protein, metallothionein. Mapping of differentially expressed transcripts to the genome significantly increased the ability to functionally annotate toxicant responsive genes. The H. azteca genome will greatly facilitate development of genomic tools for environmental assessments and promote an understanding of how evolution shapes toxicological pathways with implications for environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Poynton
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit , Technical University of Munich , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Maria S Sepulveda
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Monica F Poelchau
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Daniel S T Hughes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shwetha C Murali
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shuai Chen
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
- OmicSoft Corporation, Cary , North Carolina 27513 United States
| | - Karl M Glastad
- Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| | - Michael A D Goodisman
- School of Biological Sciences , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 United States
| | - John H Werren
- Biology Department , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 United States
| | - Joseph H Vineis
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Jennifer L Bowen
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Markus Friedrich
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Jeffery Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 United States
| | - René Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , DK-1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Alexandra Mechler-Hickson
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Nicholas Mathers
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Carol Eunmi Lee
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - John K Colbourne
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT U.K
| | - Adam Biales
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , United States Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 United States
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 United States
| | - Gary A Wellborn
- Department of Biology , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 United States
| | - Andrew J Rosendale
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Andrew G Cridge
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Otago , Dunedin , 9054 New Zealand
| | - Monica C Munoz-Torres
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 United States
| | - Peter A Bain
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Urrbrae SA 5064 Australia
| | - Austin R Manny
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Kaley M Major
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Faith N Lambert
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Chris D Vulpe
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Padrig Tuck
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Bonnie J Blalock
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Yu-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Mark E Smith
- McConnell Group, Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Hugo Ochoa-Acuña
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Mei-Ju May Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Christopher P Childers
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Jiaxin Qu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shannon Dugan
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Sandra L Lee
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Hsu Chao
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Huyen Dinh
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Yi Han
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | | | - Kim C Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Stephen Richards
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
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98
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Poynton HC, Hasenbein S, Benoit JB, Sepulveda MS, Poelchau MF, Hughes DST, Murali SC, Chen S, Glastad KM, Goodisman MAD, Werren JH, Vineis JH, Bowen JL, Friedrich M, Jones J, Robertson HM, Feyereisen R, Mechler-Hickson A, Mathers N, Lee CE, Colbourne JK, Biales A, Johnston JS, Wellborn GA, Rosendale AJ, Cridge AG, Munoz-Torres MC, Bain PA, Manny AR, Major KM, Lambert FN, Vulpe CD, Tuck P, Blalock BJ, Lin YY, Smith ME, Ochoa-Acuña H, Chen MJM, Childers CP, Qu J, Dugan S, Lee SL, Chao H, Dinh H, Han Y, Doddapaneni H, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Richards S. The Toxicogenome of Hyalella azteca: A Model for Sediment Ecotoxicology and Evolutionary Toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:6009-6022. [PMID: 29634279 PMCID: PMC6091588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyalella azteca is a cryptic species complex of epibenthic amphipods of interest to ecotoxicology and evolutionary biology. It is the primary crustacean used in North America for sediment toxicity testing and an emerging model for molecular ecotoxicology. To provide molecular resources for sediment quality assessments and evolutionary studies, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genome of the H. azteca U.S. Lab Strain. The genome quality and completeness is comparable with other ecotoxicological model species. Through targeted investigation and use of gene expression data sets of H. azteca exposed to pesticides, metals, and other emerging contaminants, we annotated and characterized the major gene families involved in sequestration, detoxification, oxidative stress, and toxicant response. Our results revealed gene loss related to light sensing, but a large expansion in chemoreceptors, likely underlying sensory shifts necessary in their low light habitats. Gene family expansions were also noted for cytochrome P450 genes, cuticle proteins, ion transporters, and include recent gene duplications in the metal sequestration protein, metallothionein. Mapping of differentially expressed transcripts to the genome significantly increased the ability to functionally annotate toxicant responsive genes. The H. azteca genome will greatly facilitate development of genomic tools for environmental assessments and promote an understanding of how evolution shapes toxicological pathways with implications for environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Poynton
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit , Technical University of Munich , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Maria S Sepulveda
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Monica F Poelchau
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Daniel S T Hughes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shwetha C Murali
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shuai Chen
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
- OmicSoft Corporation, Cary , North Carolina 27513 United States
| | - Karl M Glastad
- Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| | - Michael A D Goodisman
- School of Biological Sciences , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 United States
| | - John H Werren
- Biology Department , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 United States
| | - Joseph H Vineis
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Jennifer L Bowen
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Markus Friedrich
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Jeffery Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 United States
| | - René Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , DK-1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Alexandra Mechler-Hickson
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Nicholas Mathers
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Carol Eunmi Lee
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - John K Colbourne
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT U.K
| | - Adam Biales
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , United States Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 United States
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 United States
| | - Gary A Wellborn
- Department of Biology , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 United States
| | - Andrew J Rosendale
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Andrew G Cridge
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Otago , Dunedin , 9054 New Zealand
| | - Monica C Munoz-Torres
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 United States
| | - Peter A Bain
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Urrbrae SA 5064 Australia
| | - Austin R Manny
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Kaley M Major
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Faith N Lambert
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Chris D Vulpe
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Padrig Tuck
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Bonnie J Blalock
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Yu-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Mark E Smith
- McConnell Group, Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Hugo Ochoa-Acuña
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Mei-Ju May Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Christopher P Childers
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Jiaxin Qu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shannon Dugan
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Sandra L Lee
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Hsu Chao
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Huyen Dinh
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Yi Han
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | | | - Kim C Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Stephen Richards
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
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Dehydration prompts increased activity and blood feeding by mosquitoes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6804. [PMID: 29717151 PMCID: PMC5931509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24893-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Current insights into the mosquito dehydration response rely on studies that examine specific responses but ultimately fail to provide an encompassing view of mosquito biology. Here, we examined underlying changes in the biology of mosquitoes associated with dehydration. Specifically, we show that dehydration increases blood feeding in the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, which was the result of both higher activity and a greater tendency to land on a host. Similar observations were noted for Aedes aegypti and Anopheles quadrimaculatus. RNA-seq and metabolome analyses in C. pipiens following dehydration revealed that factors associated with carbohydrate metabolism are altered, specifically the breakdown of trehalose. Suppression of trehalose breakdown in C. pipiens by RNA interference reduced phenotypes associated with lower hydration levels. Lastly, mesocosm studies for C. pipiens confirmed that dehydrated mosquitoes were more likely to host feed under ecologically relevant conditions. Disease modeling indicates dehydration bouts will likely enhance viral transmission. This dehydration-induced increase in blood feeding is therefore likely to occur regularly and intensify during periods when availability of water is low.
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Hoffstaetter LJ, Bagriantsev SN, Gracheva EO. TRPs et al.: a molecular toolkit for thermosensory adaptations. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:745-759. [PMID: 29484488 PMCID: PMC5945325 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability to sense temperature is crucial for the survival of an organism. Temperature influences all biological operations, from rates of metabolic reactions to protein folding, and broad behavioral functions, from feeding to breeding, and other seasonal activities. The evolution of specialized thermosensory adaptations has enabled animals to inhabit extreme temperature niches and to perform specific temperature-dependent behaviors. The function of sensory neurons depends on the participation of various types of ion channels. Each of the channels involved in neuronal excitability, whether through the generation of receptor potential, action potential, or the maintenance of the resting potential have temperature-dependent properties that can tune the neuron's response to temperature stimuli. Since the function of all proteins is affected by temperature, animals need adaptations not only for detecting different temperatures, but also for maintaining sensory ability at different temperatures. A full understanding of the molecular mechanism of thermosensation requires an investigation of all channel types at each step of thermosensory transduction. A fruitful avenue of investigation into how different molecules can contribute to the fine-tuning of temperature sensitivity is to study the specialized adaptations of various species. Given the diversity of molecular participants at each stage of sensory transduction, animals have a toolkit of channels at their disposal to adapt their thermosensitivity to their particular habitats or behavioral circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia J Hoffstaetter
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA
| | - Sviatoslav N Bagriantsev
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA
| | - Elena O Gracheva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA.
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520-8026, USA.
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