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Ahmad F, Mohota R, Sanap S, Mandava S, Das BR. Molecular Evaluation of DNMT3A and IDH1/2 Gene Mutation: Frequency, Distribution Pattern and Associations with Additional Molecular Markers in Normal Karyotype Indian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1247-53. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.3.1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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1252
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Janin M, Mylonas E, Saada V, Micol JB, Renneville A, Quivoron C, Koscielny S, Scourzic L, Forget S, Pautas C, Caillot D, Preudhomme C, Dombret H, Berthon C, Barouki R, Rabier D, Auger N, Griscelli F, Chachaty E, Leclercq E, Courtier MH, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Solary E, Bernard OA, Penard-Lacronique V, Ottolenghi C, de Botton S. Serum 2-Hydroxyglutarate Production in IDH1- and IDH2-Mutated De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Study by the Acute Leukemia French Association Group. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32:297-305. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.50.2047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mutated isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) 1 and 2 produce high levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). We investigated whether, in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), serum 2-HG would predict the presence of IDH1/2 mutations at diagnosis and provide a marker of minimal residual disease (MRD). Patients and Methods Serum samples from 82 patients at diagnosis of de novo AML (IDH1/2 mutated, n = 53) and 68 patients without AML were analyzed for total 2-HG and its ratio of D to L stereoisomers by mass spectrometry. We measured 2-HG levels and molecular markers of MRD (WT1 and NPM1) in serial samples of 36 patients with IDH1/2 mutations after induction therapy. Results In patients with AML with IDH1/2 mutations, 2-HG serum levels were significantly higher than in patients with IDH1/2 wild type (P < .001). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 99%. The optimum diagnostic cutoff between IDH1/2 mutated and normal was 2 μmol/L (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 79%). Quantification of the D/L stereoisomers increased specificity (100%; 95% CI, 83% to 100%) compared with total 2-HG (P = .031). In patients with IDH2 R172 mutations, 2-HG levels were higher relative to those with other IDH1/2 mutations (P < .05). During follow-up, serum 2-HG levels showed strong positive correlation with WT1 and NPM1 (P < .001). After induction therapy, total 2-HG serum levels < 2 μmol/L were associated with better overall (P = .008) and disease-free survival (P = .005). Conclusion Serum 2-HG is a predictor of the presence of IDH1/2 mutations and outcome in these patients. Discrimination between D/L stereoisomers improved specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Janin
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Elena Mylonas
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Véronique Saada
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Jean-Baptiste Micol
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Aline Renneville
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Cyril Quivoron
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Serge Koscielny
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Laurianne Scourzic
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Sébastien Forget
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Cécile Pautas
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Denis Caillot
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Hervé Dombret
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Céline Berthon
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Robert Barouki
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Daniel Rabier
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Frank Griscelli
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Elisabeth Chachaty
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Edwige Leclercq
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Marie-Hélène Courtier
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Eric Solary
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Olivier Adrien Bernard
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Virginie Penard-Lacronique
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Chris Ottolenghi
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
| | - Stéphane de Botton
- Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, Daniel Rabier, and Chris Ottolenghi, Biochimie Métabolique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants Malades; Maxime Janin, Robert Barouki, and Chris Ottolenghi, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U747, Université Paris Descartes; Hervé Dombret, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris; Elena Mylonas, Cyril Quivoron, Laurianne Scourzic, Olivier Adrien Bernard, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, and Stéphane de Botton, INSERM U985,
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Liersch R, Müller-Tidow C, Berdel WE, Krug U. Prognostic factors for acute myeloid leukaemia in adults - biological significance and clinical use. Br J Haematol 2014; 165:17-38. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruediger Liersch
- Department of Haematology and Oncology; Internal Medicine III; Clemenshospital Muenster; Muenster Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine A - Haematology and Oncology; University Hospital of Muenster; Muenster Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. Berdel
- Department of Medicine A - Haematology and Oncology; University Hospital of Muenster; Muenster Germany
| | - Utz Krug
- Department of Medicine A - Haematology and Oncology; University Hospital of Muenster; Muenster Germany
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1254
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Dawson MA, Gudgin EJ, Horton SJ, Giotopoulos G, Meduri E, Robson S, Cannizzaro E, Osaki H, Wiese M, Putwain S, Fong CY, Grove C, Craig J, Dittmann A, Lugo D, Jeffrey P, Drewes G, Lee K, Bullinger L, Prinjha RK, Kouzarides T, Vassiliou GS, Huntly BJP. Recurrent mutations, including NPM1c, activate a BRD4-dependent core transcriptional program in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2014; 28:311-20. [PMID: 24220271 PMCID: PMC3918873 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that inhibition of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) epigenetic readers may have clinical utility against acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here we validate this hypothesis, demonstrating the efficacy of the BET inhibitor I-BET151 across a variety of AML subtypes driven by disparate mutations. We demonstrate that a common 'core' transcriptional program, which is HOX gene independent, is downregulated in AML and underlies sensitivity to I-BET treatment. This program is enriched for genes that contain 'super-enhancers', recently described regulatory elements postulated to control key oncogenic driver genes. Moreover, our program can independently classify AML patients into distinct cytogenetic and molecular subgroups, suggesting that it contains biomarkers of sensitivity and response. We focus AML with mutations of the Nucleophosmin gene (NPM1) and show evidence to suggest that wild-type NPM1 has an inhibitory influence on BRD4 that is relieved upon NPM1c mutation and cytosplasmic dislocation. This leads to the upregulation of the core transcriptional program facilitating leukemia development. This program is abrogated by I-BET therapy and by nuclear restoration of NPM1. Finally, we demonstrate the efficacy of I-BET151 in a unique murine model and in primary patient samples of NPM1c AML. Taken together, our data support the use of BET inhibitors in clinical trials in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage
- Benzodiazepines/pharmacology
- Cell Cycle Proteins
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Mice
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Nucleophosmin
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transcriptional Activation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Dawson
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - E J Gudgin
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S J Horton
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Giotopoulos
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Meduri
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Robson
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - E Cannizzaro
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - H Osaki
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Wiese
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - S Putwain
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Y Fong
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - C Grove
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - J Craig
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Dittmann
- Discovery Research, Cellzome AG, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Lugo
- Epinova DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - P Jeffrey
- Epinova DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - G Drewes
- Discovery Research, Cellzome AG, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Lee
- Epinova DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - L Bullinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - R K Prinjha
- Epinova DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - T Kouzarides
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - G S Vassiliou
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - B J P Huntly
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
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1255
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Prognostic significance of flow cytometric residual disease, dysregulated neutrophils/monocytes, and hematogones in adult acute myeloid leukemia in first remission. Int J Hematol 2014; 99:296-304. [PMID: 24481944 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-one consecutive non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who had achieved morphologic complete remission (mCR) after induction chemotherapy were enrolled in the present study. Three characteristics of bone marrow (BM) composition analyzed by flow cytometry were combined to determine the prognostic impact. A standardized panel of reagents was used to detect residual disease of aberrant myeloid progenitor cells (RD), identify neutrophils/monocytes with dysregulated immunophenotype (dysregulated neutro/mono) and quantify the appearance of CD34(+) B-progenitor-related cluster (hematogones) simultaneously in post-induction BM of adult AML patients. Patients who had detectable RD ≥0.2 % exhibited significantly lower median leukemia-free survival (LFS) than those who did not (13.5 vs. 48.0 months; P = 0.042). Dysregulated neutro/mono abnormalities assessed by this flow cytometric scoring system (FCSS ≥2) predicted shorter LFS (8.0 vs. 39.0 months; P = 0.008). While B-progenitor-related cluster size ≥5 % predicted improved outcome, with longer LFS (not reached vs. 13.5 months; P = 0.023) and better overall survival (not reached vs. 24.0 months; P = 0.027). The proposed RD/dysregulated neutro/mono/hematogones score showed a new risk groups with different LFS in the overall patients (P = 0.0006) as well as in the subgroup of intermediate cytogenetic risk (P = 0.001). The RD/dysregulated neutro/mono/hematogones score assessed by flow cytometry for adult AML in mCR may offer a rapid and practical risk assessment providing better refinement in risk-adapted management after induction chemotherapy.
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1256
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Clonal evolution and clinical correlates of somatic mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood 2014; 123:2220-8. [PMID: 24478400 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-11-537167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of clonal disorders characterized by aberrant hematopoietic proliferation and an increased tendency toward leukemic transformation. We used targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 104 genes to detect somatic mutations in a cohort of 197 MPN patients and followed clonal evolution and the impact on clinical outcome. Mutations in calreticulin (CALR) were detected using a sensitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. We observed somatic mutations in 90% of patients, and 37% carried somatic mutations other than JAK2 V617F and CALR. The presence of 2 or more somatic mutations significantly reduced overall survival and increased the risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. In particular, somatic mutations with loss of heterozygosity in TP53 were strongly associated with leukemic transformation. We used NGS to follow and quantitate somatic mutations in serial samples from MPN patients. Surprisingly, the number of mutations between early and late patient samples did not significantly change, and during a total follow-up of 133 patient years, only 2 new mutations appeared, suggesting that the mutation rate in MPN is rather low. Our data show that comprehensive mutational screening at diagnosis and during follow-up has considerable potential to identify patients at high risk of disease progression.
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1257
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White BS, DiPersio JF. Genomic tools in acute myeloid leukemia: From the bench to the bedside. Cancer 2014; 120:1134-44. [PMID: 24474533 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since its use in the initial characterization of an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) genome, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has continued to molecularly refine the disease. Here, the authors review the spectrum of NGS applications that have subsequently delineated the prognostic significance and biologic consequences of these mutations. Furthermore, the role of this technology in providing a high-resolution glimpse of AML clonal heterogeneity, which may inform future choice of targeted therapy, is discussed. Although obstacles remain in applying these techniques clinically, they have already had an impact on patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S White
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; The Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
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1258
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Damaj G, Joris M, Chandesris O, Hanssens K, Soucie E, Canioni D, Kolb B, Durieu I, Gyan E, Livideanu C, Chèze S, Diouf M, Garidi R, Georgin-Lavialle S, Asnafi V, Lhermitte L, Lavigne C, Launay D, Arock M, Lortholary O, Dubreuil P, Hermine O. ASXL1 but not TET2 mutations adversely impact overall survival of patients suffering systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal hematologic non-mast-cell diseases. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85362. [PMID: 24465546 PMCID: PMC3897447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic mastocytosis with associated hematologic clonal non-mast cell disease (SM-AHNMD) is a rare and heterogeneous subtype of SM and few studies on this specific entity have been reported. Sixty two patients with Systemic mastocytosis with associated hematologic clonal non-mast cell disease (SM-AHNMD) were presented. Myeloid AHNMD was the most frequent (82%) cases. This subset of patients were older, had more cutaneous lesions, splenomegaly, liver enlargement, ascites; lower bone mineral density and hemoglobin levels and higher tryptase level than lymphoid AHNMD. Defects in KIT, TET2, ASXL1 and CBL were positive in 87%, 27%, 14%, and 11% of cases respectively. The overall survival of patients with SM-AHNMD was 85.2 months. Within the myeloid group, SM-MPN fared better than SM-MDS or SM-AML (p = 0.044,). In univariate analysis, the presence of C-findings, the AHNMD subtypes (SM-MDS/CMML/AML versus SM-MPN/hypereosinophilia) (p = 0.044), Neutropenia (p = 0.015), high monocyte level (p = 0.015) and the presence of ASXL1 mutation had detrimental effects on OS (p = 0.007). In multivariate analysis and penalized Cox model, only the presence of ASXL1 mutation remained an independent prognostic factor that negatively affected OS (p = 0.035). SM-AHNMD is heterogeneous with variable prognosis according to the type of the AHNMD. ASXL1 is mutated in a subset of myeloid AHNMD and adversely impact on OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhi Damaj
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital Sud; Amiens, France
- Centre de Référence des Mastocytoses, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8147 and Institut Imagine, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Magalie Joris
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital Sud; Amiens, France
| | - Olivia Chandesris
- Centre de Référence des Mastocytoses, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Katia Hanssens
- Inserm, U1068, CRCM, (Signaling, Hematopoiesis and Mechanism of Oncogenesis); Institut Paoli-Calmettes,Marseille; Aix-Marseille Univ; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Erinn Soucie
- Inserm, U1068, CRCM, (Signaling, Hematopoiesis and Mechanism of Oncogenesis); Institut Paoli-Calmettes,Marseille; Aix-Marseille Univ; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Danielle Canioni
- Service d'Anatomo-pathologie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Kolb
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Reims, France
| | - Isabelle Durieu
- Service de médecine interne, Groupe Hospitalier Sud. Hospices Civils, Lyon, France
| | - Emanuel Gyan
- Service d'Hématologie et thérapie cellulaire, CIC INSERMU202, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Tours, France
| | - Cristina Livideanu
- Département de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France
| | - Stephane Chèze
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Caen, France
| | - Momar Diouf
- Département de bio-statistiques et de Recherche clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens, France
| | - Reda Garidi
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier, St Quentin, France
| | - Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- Laboratoire d'hématologie Biologique et UMR CNRS 8147, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Faculté de Médecine et Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Lhermitte
- Laboratoire d'hématologie Biologique et UMR CNRS 8147, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Faculté de Médecine et Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Christian Lavigne
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - David Launay
- Service de Médecine Interne, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Michel Arock
- CNRS UMR 8113, Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Cachan, France
- Laboratoire Central d'Hématologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpetrière, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Service de Médecine Interne et de Maladie Infectieuses, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Inserm, U1068, CRCM, (Signaling, Hematopoiesis and Mechanism of Oncogenesis); Institut Paoli-Calmettes,Marseille; Aix-Marseille Univ; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Centre de Référence des Mastocytoses, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8147 and Institut Imagine, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Faculté de Médecine et AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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1259
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Kats LM, Reschke M, Taulli R, Pozdnyakova O, Burgess K, Bhargava P, Straley K, Karnik R, Meissner A, Small D, Su SM, Yen K, Zhang J, Pandolfi PP. Proto-oncogenic role of mutant IDH2 in leukemia initiation and maintenance. Cell Stem Cell 2014; 14:329-41. [PMID: 24440599 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the metabolic enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and IDH2 that produce the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) occur frequently in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 2-HG modulates numerous biological pathways implicated in malignant transformation, but the contribution of mutant IDH proteins to maintenance and progression of AML in vivo is currently unknown. To answer this crucial question we have generated transgenic mice that express IDH2(R140Q) in an on/off- and tissue-specific manner using a tetracycline-inducible system. We found that IDH2(R140Q) can cooperate with overexpression of HoxA9 and Meis1a and with mutations in FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) to drive acute leukemia in vivo. Critically, we show that genetic deinduction of mutant IDH2 in leukemic cells in vivo has profound effects on their growth and/or maintenance. Our data demonstrate the proto-oncogenic role of mutant IDH2 and support its relevance as a therapeutic target for the treatment of human AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev M Kats
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Markus Reschke
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Olga Pozdnyakova
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kerri Burgess
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Parul Bhargava
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Rahul Karnik
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Alexander Meissner
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Donald Small
- Oncology and Pediatrics, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | | | | | - Jiangwen Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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1260
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Fu L, Huang W, Jing Y, Jiang M, Zhao Y, Shi J, Huang S, Xue X, Zhang Q, Tang J, Dou L, Wang L, Nervi C, Li Y, Yu L. AML1-ETO triggers epigenetic activation of early growth response gene l, inducing apoptosis in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia. FEBS J 2014; 281:1123-31. [PMID: 24314118 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and it gives rise to acute myeloid gene 1 (AML1)-myeloid transforming gene 8 (ETO)-positive AML, which has a relatively favorable prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism related to a favorable prognosis in AML1-ETO-positive AML is still not fully understood. Our results show that the AML1-ETO fusion protein triggered activation of early growth response gene l (EGR1) by binding at AML1-binding sites on the EGR1 promoter and, subsequently, recruiting acetyltransferase P300, which is known to acetylate histones. However, AML1-ETO could not recruit DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases; therefore, EGR1 expression was affected by histone acetylation but not by DNA methylation. Both transcription and translation of EGR1 were higher in AML1-ETO-positive AML cell lines than in AML1-ETO-negative AML cell lines, owing to acetylation. Furthermore, when AML1-ETO-positive AML cell lines were treated with C646 (P300 inhibitor) and trichostatin A (histone deacetylase inhibitor), EGR1 expression was significantly decreased and increased, respectively. In addition, treatment with 5-azacytidine (methyltransferase inhibitor) did not cause any significant change in EGR1 expression. Overexpression of EGR1 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, and EGR1 knockout promoted cell proliferation. Thus, EGR1 could be a novel prognostic factor for a favorable outcome in AML1-ETO-positive AML. The results of our study may explain the molecular mechanisms underlying the favorable prognosis in AML1-ETO-positive AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
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1261
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Mason
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK
| | - Michael Griffiths
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK
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1262
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Jeong M, Sun D, Luo M, Huang Y, Challen GA, Rodriguez B, Zhang X, Chavez L, Wang H, Hannah R, Kim SB, Yang L, Ko M, Chen R, Göttgens B, Lee JS, Gunaratne P, Godley LA, Darlington GJ, Rao A, Li W, Goodell MA. Large conserved domains of low DNA methylation maintained by Dnmt3a. Nat Genet 2014; 46:17-23. [PMID: 24270360 PMCID: PMC3920905 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gains and losses in DNA methylation are prominent features of mammalian cell types. To gain insight into the mechanisms that promote shifts in DNA methylation and contribute to changes in cell fate, including malignant transformation, we performed genome-wide mapping of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in purified mouse hematopoietic stem cells. We discovered extended regions of low methylation (canyons) that span conserved domains frequently containing transcription factors and are distinct from CpG islands and shores. About half of the genes in these methylation canyons are coated with repressive histone marks, whereas the remainder are covered by activating histone marks and are highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Canyon borders are demarked by 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and become eroded in the absence of DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a). Genes dysregulated in human leukemias are enriched for canyon-associated genes. The new epigenetic landscape we describe may provide a mechanism for the regulation of hematopoiesis and may contribute to leukemia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Jeong
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Deqiang Sun
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Min Luo
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Grant A. Challen
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin Rodriguez
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lukas Chavez
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Rebecca Hannah
- Department of Hematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sang-Bae Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Liubin Yang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Myunggon Ko
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Hematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Preethi Gunaratne
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, and Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Lucy A. Godley
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | | - Anjana Rao
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Margaret A. Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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1263
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Ok CY, Hasserjian RP, Fox PS, Stingo F, Zuo Z, Young KH, Patel K, Medeiros LJ, Garcia-Manero G, Wang SA. Application of the international prognostic scoring system-revised in therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes and oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2014; 28:185-9. [PMID: 23787392 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ok
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R P Hasserjian
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P S Fox
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Stingo
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Z Zuo
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L J Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Garcia-Manero
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S A Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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1264
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1265
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A new assay to identify recurrent mutations in acute myeloid leukemia using next-generation sequencing. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2014-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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1266
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Wertheim GBW, Smith C, Figueroa ME, Kalos M, Bagg A, Carroll M, Master SR. Microsphere-based multiplex analysis of DNA methylation in acute myeloid leukemia. J Mol Diagn 2013; 16:207-15. [PMID: 24373919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of DNA methylation is characteristic of cancer cells and clearly influences phenotypes of various malignancies. Despite clear correlations between DNA methylation and patient outcome, tests that directly measure multiple-locus DNA methylation are typically expensive and technically challenging. Previous studies have demonstrated that the prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia can be predicted by the DNA methylation pattern of 18 loci. We have developed a novel strategy, termed microsphere HpaII tiny fragment enrichment by ligation-mediated PCR (MELP), to simultaneously analyze the DNA methylation pattern at these loci using methylation-specific DNA digestion, fluorescently labeled microspheres, and branched DNA hybridization. The method uses techniques that are inexpensive and easily performed in a molecular laboratory. MELP accurately reflects the methylation levels at each locus analyzed and segregates patients with acute myeloid leukemia into prognostic subgroups. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of MELP as a platform for simultaneous evaluation of DNA methylation of multiple loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald B W Wertheim
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Catherine Smith
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria E Figueroa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael Kalos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Abramson Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam Bagg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen R Master
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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1267
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Elias HK, Schinke C, Bhattacharyya S, Will B, Verma A, Steidl U. Stem cell origin of myelodysplastic syndromes. Oncogene 2013; 33:5139-50. [PMID: 24336326 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are common hematologic disorders that are characterized by decreased blood counts due to ineffective hematopoiesis. MDS is considered a 'preleukemic' disorder linked to a significantly elevated risk of developing an overt acute leukemia. Cytopenias can be observed in all three myeloid lineages suggesting the involvement of multipotent, immature hematopoietic cells in the pathophysiology of this disease. Recent studies using murine models of MDS as well as primary patient-derived bone marrow samples have provided direct evidence that the most immature, self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), as well as lineage-committed progenitor cells, are critically altered in patients with MDS. Besides significant changes in the number and distribution of stem as well as immature progenitor cells, genetic and epigenetic aberrations have been identified, which confer functional changes to these aberrant stem cells, impairing their ability to proliferate and differentiate. Most importantly, aberrant stem cells can persist and further expand after treatment, even upon transient achievement of clinical complete remission, pointing to a critical role of these cells in disease relapse. Ongoing preclinical and clinical studies are particularly focusing on the precise molecular and functional characterization of aberrant MDS stem cells in response to therapy, with the goal to develop stem cell-targeted strategies for therapy and disease monitoring that will allow for achievement of longer-lasting remissions in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Elias
- 1] Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Departments of Cell Biology and Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY, USA [3] Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine (Oncology), New York, NY, USA [4] Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Schinke
- 1] Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Departments of Cell Biology and Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY, USA [3] Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine (Oncology), New York, NY, USA [4] Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Bhattacharyya
- 1] Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Departments of Cell Biology and Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY, USA [3] Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine (Oncology), New York, NY, USA [4] Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Will
- 1] Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Departments of Cell Biology and Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY, USA [3] Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine (Oncology), New York, NY, USA [4] Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Verma
- 1] Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Departments of Cell Biology and Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY, USA [3] Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine (Oncology), New York, NY, USA [4] Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - U Steidl
- 1] Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Departments of Cell Biology and Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY, USA [3] Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medicine (Oncology), New York, NY, USA [4] Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
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1268
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Chen YY, Huang CE, Chou HJ, Tsai PS, Lu CH, Chen MF, Lee KD, Chen PT, Lung J, Chen CC. Mutant DNMT3A clone evading chemotherapy and infiltrating central nervous system in a patient with molecularly good-risk acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2013; 93:1441-2. [PMID: 24337413 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-013-1985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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1269
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Inhibition of glutaminase selectively suppresses the growth of primary acute myeloid leukemia cells with IDH mutations. Exp Hematol 2013; 42:247-51. [PMID: 24333121 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is approximately 20%. These mutations result in distinct metabolic characteristics including dependency of cancer cells on glutamine as the main source for α-ketoglutarate, which is consumed by leukemia cells to produce a cancer-derived metabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate. We sought to exploit this glutamine addiction therapeutically in mutant IDH primary AML cells from patients by measuring cell growth after exposure to a small molecule glutaminase inhibitor, BPTES. We found that BPTES only suppressed the growth of AML cells expressing mutant IDH compared with those expressing wild type IDH. This study lays the groundwork for strategies to target a specific subtype of AML metabolically with IDH mutations with a unique reprogramming of intermediary metabolism that culminates in glutamine dependency of cancer cells for survival.
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1270
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1271
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Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia is a heterogeneous disease that occurs in all age groups but peaks in older age at around a median of 69-70 years where it has a frequency of 13-15/100,00/annum. With the changing demographics, the number of cases will increase in line with the older population. As the only treatment with curative intent is intensive chemotherapy, this presents an immediate therapeutic challenge for the majority of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K Burnett
- Department of Haematology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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1272
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Sugino S, Janicki PK. Tumor heterogeneity and response to chemotherapy. Pharmacogenomics 2013; 14:1949. [PMID: 24279849 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Sugino
- Laboratory of Perioperative Genomics, Department of Anesthesiology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
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1273
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Abstract
A longstanding endeavor to define the genetic lesions that drive myeloid malignances has stimulated a period of remarkable discovery. Enabled by technological advances that have sharply decreased the cost of DNA sequencing, the full compendium of common, recurrent somatic mutations in the coding genome of myeloid malignancies is nearly complete. As the focus of genetic discovery shifts to the noncoding genome, renewed attention is being applied to the clinical and biological implications of recent genomic advances. Although the potential for this newfound knowledge to influence the care of patients has not yet been realized, broad genetic surveys of patient samples are now being used to improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis, define a molecular taxonomy of myeloid malignancies, refine prognostic and predictive models, and identify novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we will review recent advances in the genetics of myeloid malignancies and discuss their potential impact on clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Coleman Lindsley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and
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1274
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Epimutations mimic genomic mutations of DNMT3A in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2013; 28:1227-34. [PMID: 24280869 PMCID: PMC4051212 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the genetic sequence of the DNA de novo methyltransferase DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 3A) are found in many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). They lead to dysfunction of DNMT3A protein and represent a marker for poor prognosis. Effects of genetic mutations can be mimicked by epigenetic modifications in the DNA methylation (DNAm) pattern. Using DNAm profiles of the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network (TCGA), we identified aberrant hypermethylation at an internal promoter region of DNMT3A, which occurred in about 40% of AML patients. Bisulfite pyrosequencing assays designed for this genomic region validated hypermethylation specifically in a subset of our AML samples. High DNAm levels at this site are particularly observed in samples without genetic mutations in DNMT3A. Epimutations and mutations of DNMT3A were associated with related gene expression changes such as upregulation of the homeobox genes in HOXA and HOXB clusters. Furthermore, epimutations in DNMT3A were enriched in patients with poor or intermediate cytogenetic risk, and in patients with shorter event-free survival and overall survival (OS). Taken together, aberrant DNA hypermethylation within the DNMT3A gene, in analogy to DNMT3A mutations, is frequently observed in AML and both modifications seem to be useful for risk stratification or choice of therapeutic regimen.
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1275
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Prognostic value of IDH1 mutations identified with PCR-RFLP assay in acute myeloid leukemia patients. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2013; 26:43-9. [PMID: 24565682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnci.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene occur frequently in primary brain tumors. Recently theses mutations were demonstrated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). So far, assessment of these mutations relied on the DNA sequencing technique. AIM OF THE WORK The aim of this study was to detect somatic mutations in IDH1 gene using mismatched primers suitable for endonuclease based detection, without the need for DNA sequencing, and to estimate its prognostic value, on patients with de novo AML. METHODS Residual DNA extracted from pretreatment bone marrow (BM) samples of 100 patients with de novo AML was used. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP) was adapted to IDH1gene, codon 132 mutations screening. RESULTS The frequency of IDH1 mutations was 13%. In the non-acute promyelocytic leukemia group (non-APL), IDH1 mutations were significantly associated with FLT3-ITD negative patients (p=0.03). Patients with IDH1 mutations did not achieve complete remission (CR). There was a trend for shorter overall survival (OS) in patients with IDH1 mutation compared to those with wild type (p=0.08). CONCLUSION IDH1 mutations are recurring genetic alterations in AML and they may have unfavorable impact on clinical outcome in adult AML. The PCR-RFLP method allows for a fast, inexpensive, and sensitive method for the detection of IDH1 mutations in AML.
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1276
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Koszarska M, Meggyesi N, Bors A, Batai A, Csacsovszki O, Lehoczky E, Adam E, Kozma A, Lovas N, Sipos A, Krahling T, Dolgos J, Remenyi P, Fekete S, Masszi T, Tordai A, Andrikovics H. Medium-sizedFLT3internal tandem duplications confer worse prognosis than short and long duplications in a non-elderly acute myeloid leukemia cohort. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1510-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.850163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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1277
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Pei S, Minhajuddin M, Callahan KP, Balys M, Ashton JM, Neering SJ, Lagadinou ED, Corbett C, Ye H, Liesveld JL, O'Dwyer KM, Li Z, Shi L, Greninger P, Settleman J, Benes C, Hagen FK, Munger J, Crooks PA, Becker MW, Jordan CT. Targeting aberrant glutathione metabolism to eradicate human acute myelogenous leukemia cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:33542-33558. [PMID: 24089526 PMCID: PMC3837103 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.511170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of strategies to eradicate primary human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells is a major challenge to the leukemia research field. In particular, primitive leukemia cells, often termed leukemia stem cells, are typically refractory to many forms of therapy. To investigate improved strategies for targeting of human AML cells we compared the molecular mechanisms regulating oxidative state in primitive (CD34(+)) leukemic versus normal specimens. Our data indicate that CD34(+) AML cells have elevated expression of multiple glutathione pathway regulatory proteins, presumably as a mechanism to compensate for increased oxidative stress in leukemic cells. Consistent with this observation, CD34(+) AML cells have lower levels of reduced glutathione and increased levels of oxidized glutathione compared with normal CD34(+) cells. These findings led us to hypothesize that AML cells will be hypersensitive to inhibition of glutathione metabolism. To test this premise, we identified compounds such as parthenolide (PTL) or piperlongumine that induce almost complete glutathione depletion and severe cell death in CD34(+) AML cells. Importantly, these compounds only induce limited and transient glutathione depletion as well as significantly less toxicity in normal CD34(+) cells. We further determined that PTL perturbs glutathione homeostasis by a multifactorial mechanism, which includes inhibiting key glutathione metabolic enzymes (GCLC and GPX1), as well as direct depletion of glutathione. These findings demonstrate that primitive leukemia cells are uniquely sensitive to agents that target aberrant glutathione metabolism, an intrinsic property of primary human AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Pei
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | | | - Kevin P Callahan
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Marlene Balys
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - John M Ashton
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Sarah J Neering
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Eleni D Lagadinou
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Cheryl Corbett
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Haobin Ye
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Jane L Liesveld
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Kristen M O'Dwyer
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021
| | - Patricia Greninger
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Jeffrey Settleman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Cyril Benes
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Fred K Hagen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Michael W Becker
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045.
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1278
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Ishikawa F. Modeling normal and malignant human hematopoiesis in vivo through newborn NSG xenotransplantation. Int J Hematol 2013; 98:634-40. [PMID: 24258713 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-013-1467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Various strains of immune-compromised mice have been developed to investigate human normal and malignant stem cells in vivo. NOD/SCID mice harboring complete null mutation of Il2rg (NSG mice) lack T cells, B cells, and NK cells, and support high levels of engraftment by human cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (CB HSCs) and acute myeloid leukemia stem cells (AML LSCs). In addition to achieving high levels of human hematopoietic cell engraftment, use of newborn NSG mice as recipients has enabled the investigation into how human CB HSCs generate mature immune subsets in vivo. Moreover, through establishing an in vivo model of human primary AML by xenotransplantation of human LSCs into newborn NSG mice, functional properties of human AML such as cell cycle, location, and self-renewal capacity can be examined in vivo. Newborn NSG xenogeneic transplantation model may facilitate the understanding of human normal and malignant hematopoiesis and contribute to the development of novel therapies against hematologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrated Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan,
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1279
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FLT3/D835Y mutation knock-in mice display less aggressive disease compared with FLT3/internal tandem duplication (ITD) mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:21113-8. [PMID: 24255108 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310559110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is mutated in approximately one third of acute myeloid leukemia cases. The most common FLT3 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia are internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations in the juxtamembrane domain (23%) and point mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain (10%). The mutation substituting the aspartic acid at position 838 (equivalent to the human aspartic acid residue at position 835) with a tyrosine (referred to as FLT3/D835Y hereafter) is the most frequent kinase domain mutation, converting aspartic acid to tyrosine. Although both of these mutations constitutively activate FLT3, patients with an ITD mutation have a significantly poorer prognosis. To elucidate the mechanisms behind this prognostic difference, we have generated a knock-in mouse model with a D838Y point mutation in FLT3 that corresponds to the FLT3/D835Y mutation described in humans. Compared with FLT3/ITD knock-in mice, the FLT3/D835Y knock-in mice survive significantly longer. The majority of these mice develop myeloproliferative neoplasms with a less-aggressive phenotype. In addition, FLT3/D835Y mice have distinct hematopoietic development patterns. Unlike the tremendous depletion of the hematopoietic stem cell compartment we have observed in FLT3/ITD mice, FLT3/D835Y mutant mice are not depleted in hematopoietic stem cells. Further comparisons of these FLT3/D835Y knock-in mice with FLT3/ITD mice should provide an ideal platform for dissecting the molecular mechanisms that underlie the prognostic differences between the two different types of FLT3 mutations.
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1280
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Reichard KK, Hanson CA. Hematological diseases: prototypical conditions requiring the diagnostic and prognostic use of molecular data. Semin Diagn Pathol 2013; 30:382-92. [PMID: 24342292 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The field of diagnostic hematopathology is dynamic and evolving given the ongoing accumulation of molecular information and demand for integration of this information into routine clinical practice. In light of this molecular revolution, the appropriate and effective utilization of molecular studies by clinicians/pathologists is of paramount importance to the current diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of nearly all hematologic diseases. In the routine workup of certain hematologic neoplasms, it is more pertinent and practical to understand the purpose of these analyses and how to generally apply them to particular diseases rather than trying to remember a likely outdated list of genes. We will see advances in the treatment of hematologic malignancies as drug development catches up to our molecular understanding of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaaren K Reichard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, The Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55901; Division of Hematopathology, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Curtis A Hanson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, The Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55901; Division of Hematopathology, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Division of Laboratory Genetics, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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1281
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Abdel-Wahab O, Gao J, Adli M, Dey A, Trimarchi T, Chung YR, Kuscu C, Hricik T, Ndiaye-Lobry D, Lafave LM, Koche R, Shih AH, Guryanova OA, Kim E, Li S, Pandey S, Shin JY, Telis L, Liu J, Bhatt PK, Monette S, Zhao X, Mason CE, Park CY, Bernstein BE, Aifantis I, Levine RL. Deletion of Asxl1 results in myelodysplasia and severe developmental defects in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 210:2641-59. [PMID: 24218140 PMCID: PMC3832937 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Loss of Asxl1 results in myelodysplastic syndrome, whereas concomitant deletion of Tet2 restores HSC self-renewal and triggers a more severe disease phenotype distinct from that seen in single-gene knockout mice. Somatic Addition of Sex Combs Like 1 (ASXL1) mutations occur in 10–30% of patients with myeloid malignancies, most commonly in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), and are associated with adverse outcome. Germline ASXL1 mutations occur in patients with Bohring-Opitz syndrome. Here, we show that constitutive loss of Asxl1 results in developmental abnormalities, including anophthalmia, microcephaly, cleft palates, and mandibular malformations. In contrast, hematopoietic-specific deletion of Asxl1 results in progressive, multilineage cytopenias and dysplasia in the context of increased numbers of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, characteristic features of human MDS. Serial transplantation of Asxl1-null hematopoietic cells results in a lethal myeloid disorder at a shorter latency than primary Asxl1 knockout (KO) mice. Asxl1 deletion reduces hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal, which is restored by concomitant deletion of Tet2, a gene commonly co-mutated with ASXL1 in MDS patients. Moreover, compound Asxl1/Tet2 deletion results in an MDS phenotype with hastened death compared with single-gene KO mice. Asxl1 loss results in a global reduction of H3K27 trimethylation and dysregulated expression of known regulators of hematopoiesis. RNA-Seq/ChIP-Seq analyses of Asxl1 in hematopoietic cells identify a subset of differentially expressed genes as direct targets of Asxl1. These findings underscore the importance of Asxl1 in Polycomb group function, development, and hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, 2 Leukemia Service, 3 Gerstner Sloan-Kettering Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and 4 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
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1282
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Cottrell CE, Al-Kateb H, Bredemeyer AJ, Duncavage EJ, Spencer DH, Abel HJ, Lockwood CM, Hagemann IS, O'Guin SM, Burcea LC, Sawyer CS, Oschwald DM, Stratman JL, Sher DA, Johnson MR, Brown JT, Cliften PF, George B, McIntosh LD, Shrivastava S, Nguyen TT, Payton JE, Watson MA, Crosby SD, Head RD, Mitra RD, Nagarajan R, Kulkarni S, Seibert K, Virgin HW, Milbrandt J, Pfeifer JD. Validation of a next-generation sequencing assay for clinical molecular oncology. J Mol Diagn 2013; 16:89-105. [PMID: 24211365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, oncology testing includes molecular studies and cytogenetic analysis to detect genetic aberrations of clinical significance. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows rapid analysis of multiple genes for clinically actionable somatic variants. The WUCaMP assay uses targeted capture for NGS analysis of 25 cancer-associated genes to detect mutations at actionable loci. We present clinical validation of the assay and a detailed framework for design and validation of similar clinical assays. Deep sequencing of 78 tumor specimens (≥ 1000× average unique coverage across the capture region) achieved high sensitivity for detecting somatic variants at low allele fraction (AF). Validation revealed sensitivities and specificities of 100% for detection of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) within coding regions, compared with SNP array sequence data (95% CI = 83.4-100.0 for sensitivity and 94.2-100.0 for specificity) or whole-genome sequencing (95% CI = 89.1-100.0 for sensitivity and 99.9-100.0 for specificity) of HapMap samples. Sensitivity for detecting variants at an observed 10% AF was 100% (95% CI = 93.2-100.0) in HapMap mixes. Analysis of 15 masked specimens harboring clinically reported variants yielded concordant calls for 13/13 variants at AF of ≥ 15%. The WUCaMP assay is a robust and sensitive method to detect somatic variants of clinical significance in molecular oncology laboratories, with reduced time and cost of genetic analysis allowing for strategic patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Cottrell
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hussam Al-Kateb
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Andrew J Bredemeyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric J Duncavage
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David H Spencer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Haley J Abel
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Christina M Lockwood
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ian S Hagemann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stephanie M O'Guin
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lauren C Burcea
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Christopher S Sawyer
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dayna M Oschwald
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jennifer L Stratman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dorie A Sher
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Justin T Brown
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Paul F Cliften
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bijoy George
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Leslie D McIntosh
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Savita Shrivastava
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tudung T Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jacqueline E Payton
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mark A Watson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Seth D Crosby
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard D Head
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robi D Mitra
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rakesh Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shashikant Kulkarni
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Karen Seibert
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Herbert W Virgin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey Milbrandt
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John D Pfeifer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Genomics and Pathology Services, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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1283
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The causes and consequences of genetic heterogeneity in cancer evolution. Nature 2013; 501:338-45. [PMID: 24048066 DOI: 10.1038/nature12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1547] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed extensive genetic diversity both between and within tumours. This heterogeneity affects key cancer pathways, driving phenotypic variation, and poses a significant challenge to personalized cancer medicine. A major cause of genetic heterogeneity in cancer is genomic instability. This instability leads to an increased mutation rate and can shape the evolution of the cancer genome through a plethora of mechanisms. By understanding these mechanisms we can gain insight into the common pathways of tumour evolution that could support the development of future therapeutic strategies.
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1284
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Santini V, Melnick A, Maciejewski JP, Duprez E, Nervi C, Cocco L, Ford KG, Mufti G. Epigenetics in focus: Pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes and the role of hypomethylating agents. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 88:231-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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1285
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Yoshida K, Toki T, Okuno Y, Kanezaki R, Shiraishi Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Sanada M, Park MJ, Terui K, Suzuki H, Kon A, Nagata Y, Sato Y, Wang R, Shiba N, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Hama A, Muramatsu H, Hasegawa D, Nakamura K, Kanegane H, Tsukamoto K, Adachi S, Kawakami K, Kato K, Nishimura R, Izraeli S, Hayashi Y, Miyano S, Kojima S, Ito E, Ogawa S. The landscape of somatic mutations in Down syndrome-related myeloid disorders. Nat Genet 2013; 45:1293-9. [PMID: 24056718 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a myeloid proliferation resembling acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL), mostly affecting perinatal infants with Down syndrome. Although self-limiting in a majority of cases, TAM may evolve as non-self-limiting AMKL after spontaneous remission (DS-AMKL). Pathogenesis of these Down syndrome-related myeloid disorders is poorly understood, except for GATA1 mutations found in most cases. Here we report genomic profiling of 41 TAM, 49 DS-AMKL and 19 non-DS-AMKL samples, including whole-genome and/or whole-exome sequencing of 15 TAM and 14 DS-AMKL samples. TAM appears to be caused by a single GATA1 mutation and constitutive trisomy 21. Subsequent AMKL evolves from a pre-existing TAM clone through the acquisition of additional mutations, with major mutational targets including multiple cohesin components (53%), CTCF (20%), and EZH2, KANSL1 and other epigenetic regulators (45%), as well as common signaling pathways, such as the JAK family kinases, MPL, SH2B3 (LNK) and multiple RAS pathway genes (47%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Yoshida
- 1] Cancer Genomics Project, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [2] Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. [3]
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1286
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Jain N, Curran E, Iyengar NM, Diaz-Flores E, Kunnavakkam R, Popplewell L, Kirschbaum MH, Karrison T, Erba HP, Green M, Poire X, Koval G, Shannon K, Reddy PL, Joseph L, Atallah EL, Dy P, Thomas SP, Smith SE, Doyle LA, Stadler WM, Larson RA, Stock W, Odenike O. Phase II study of the oral MEK inhibitor selumetinib in advanced acute myelogenous leukemia: a University of Chicago phase II consortium trial. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:490-8. [PMID: 24178622 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical relevance of targeting the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, activated in 70% to 80% of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), is unknown. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Selumetinib is an oral small-molecule inhibitor of MAP-ERK kinase (MEK)-1/2. Forty-seven patients with relapsed/refractory AML or 60 years old or more with untreated AML were enrolled on a phase II study. Patients were stratified by FLT3 ITD mutation status. The primary endpoint was response rate (complete, partial, and minor). Leukemia cells were analyzed for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and mTOR phosphorylation. RESULTS Common drug-related toxicities were grade 1-2 diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and skin rash. In the FLT3 wild-type cohort, six of 36 (17%) patients had a response [one partial response, three minor responses, two unconfirmed minor responses (uMR)]. No patient with FLT3 ITD responded. NRAS and KRAS mutations were detected in 7% and 2% of patients, respectively. The sole patient with KRAS mutation had uMR with hematologic improvement in platelets. Baseline p-ERK activation was observed in 85% of patients analyzed but did not correlate with a response. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3733542 in exon 18 of the KIT gene was detected in significantly higher number of patients with response/stable disease compared with nonresponders (60% vs. 23%; P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS Selumetinib is associated with modest single-agent antileukemic activity in advanced AML. However, given its favorable toxicity profile, combination with drugs that target other signaling pathways in AML should be considered. The potential association of SNP rs3733542 in exon 18 of the KIT gene with antileukemic activity of selumetinib is intriguing, but will require validation in larger trials.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Benzimidazoles/administration & dosage
- Benzimidazoles/adverse effects
- Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use
- Female
- Genes, ras
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mutation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Treatment Outcome
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Jain
- Authors' Affiliations: The University of Chicago; Decatur Memorial Hospital, Decatur; Illinois Cancer Care, Peoria; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; City of Hope, Duarte, California; University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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1287
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Rau R, Magoon D, Greenblatt S, Li L, Annesley C, Duffield AS, Huso D, McIntyre E, Clohessy JG, Reschke M, Pandolfi PP, Small D, Brown P. NPMc+ cooperates with Flt3/ITD mutations to cause acute leukemia recapitulating human disease. Exp Hematol 2013; 42:101-13.e5. [PMID: 24184354 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic nucleophosmin (NPMc(+)) mutations and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations are two of the most common known molecular alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); they frequently occur together, suggesting cooperative leukemogenesis. To explore the specific relationship between NPMc+ and FLT3/ITD in vivo, we crossed Flt3/ITD knock-in mice with transgenic NPMc+ mice. Mice with both mutations develop a transplantable leukemia of either myeloid or lymphoid lineage, definitively demonstrating cooperation between Flt3/ITD and NPMc+. In mice with myeloid leukemia, functionally significant loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type Flt3 allele is common, similar to what is observed in human FLT3/ITD+ AML, providing further in vivo evidence of the importance of loss of wild-type FLT3 in leukemic initiation and progression. Additionally, in vitro clonogenic assays reveal that the combination of Flt3/ITD and NPMc+ mutations causes a profound monocytic expansion, in excess of that seen with either mutation alone consistent with the predominance of myelomonocytic phenotype in human FLT3/ITD+/NPMc+ AML. This in vivo model of Flt3/ITD+/NPMc+ leukemia closely recapitulates human disease and will therefore serve as a tool for the investigation of the biology of this common disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Rau
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Daniel Magoon
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Greenblatt
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Li Li
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Colleen Annesley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy S Duffield
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Huso
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emily McIntyre
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John G Clohessy
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus Reschke
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald Small
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patrick Brown
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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1288
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Reikvam H, Tamburini J, Skrede S, Holdhus R, Poulain L, Ersvaer E, Hatfield KJ, Bruserud Ø. Antileukaemic effect of PI3K-mTOR inhibitors in acute myeloid leukaemia-gene expression profiles reveal CDC25B expression as determinate of pharmacological effect. Br J Haematol 2013; 164:200-11. [PMID: 24383842 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy. Intracellular signalling through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is important for regulation of cellular growth and metabolism, and inhibitors of this pathway is considered for AML treatment. Primary human AML cells, derived from 96 consecutive adult patients, were examined. The effects of two mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin, temsirolimus) and two PI3K inhibitors (GDC-0941, 3-methyladenine) were studied, and we investigated cytokine-dependent proliferation, regulation of apoptosis and global gene expression profiles. Only a subset of patients demonstrated strong antiproliferative effects of PI3K-mTOR inhibitors. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis identified two main clusters of patients; one subset showing weak or absent antiproliferative effects (59%) and another group showing a strong growth inhibition for all drugs and concentrations examined (41%). Global gene expression analyses showed that patients with AML cell resistance against PI3K-mTOR inhibitors showed increased mRNA expression of the CDC25B gene that encodes the cell cycle regulator Cell Division Cycle 25B. The antileukaemic effect of PI3K-Akt-mTOR inhibition varies between patients, and resistance to these inhibitors is associated with the expression of the cell cycle regulator CDC25B, which is known to crosstalk with the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and mediate rapamycin resistance in experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University, Bergen, Norway
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1289
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Abstract
The realization that cancer progression required the participation of cellular genes provided one of several key rationales, in 1986, for embarking on the human genome project. Only with a reference genome sequence could the full spectrum of somatic changes leading to cancer be understood. Since its completion in 2003, the human reference genome sequence has fulfilled its promise as a foundational tool to illuminate the pathogenesis of cancer. Herein, we review the key historical milestones in cancer genomics since the completion of the genome, and some of the novel discoveries that are shaping our current understanding of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Wheeler
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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1290
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Is minimal residual disease monitoring clinically relevant in adults with acute myelogenous leukemia? Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2013; 8:109-15. [PMID: 23563936 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-013-0157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past year, there has been increasing attention towards understanding the clinical relevance of minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment. The monitoring of MRD levels at various stages of therapy has considerable potential to impact the guidance of treatment for AML patients and improve outcomes. Thus, efforts have increased to address important concerns regarding MRD measurements. These concerns include: (1) what should be monitored; (2) what methodologies should be used; (3) whether such methodologies are standardized across laboratories; (4) how prognostic levels are defined; (5) when MRD should be monitored; and (6) what treatment options are available for MRD positive patients. In this review, we will discuss the methodologies available for MRD and the studies available to date aiming to address the concerns around the use of MRD measurements for AML patients.
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1291
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Luthra R, Patel KP, Reddy NG, Haghshenas V, Routbort MJ, Harmon MA, Barkoh BA, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Ravandi F, Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM, Medeiros LJ, Singh RR. Next-generation sequencing-based multigene mutational screening for acute myeloid leukemia using MiSeq: applicability for diagnostics and disease monitoring. Haematologica 2013; 99:465-73. [PMID: 24142997 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.093765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Routine molecular testing in acute myeloid leukemia involves screening several genes of therapeutic and prognostic significance for mutations. A comprehensive analysis using single-gene assays requires large amounts of DNA, is cumbersome and timely consolidation of results for clinical reporting is challenging. High throughput, next-generation sequencing platforms widely used in research have not been tested vigorously for clinical application. Here we describe the clinical application of MiSeq, a next-generation sequencing platform to screen mutational hotspots in 54 cancer-related genes including genes relevant in acute myeloid leukemia (NRAS, KRAS, FLT3, NPM1, DNMT3A, IDH1/2, JAK2, KIT and EZH2). We sequenced 63 samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome using MiSeq and compared the results with those obtained using another next-generation sequencing platform, Ion-Torrent Personal Genome Machine and other conventional testing platforms. MiSeq detected a total of 100 single nucleotide variants and 23 NPM1 insertions that were confirmed by Ion Torrent or conventional platforms, indicating complete concordance. FLT3-internal tandem duplications (n=10) were not detected; however, re-analysis of the MiSeq output by Pindel, an indel detection algorithm, did detect them. Dilution studies of cancer cell-line DNA showed that the quantitative accuracy of mutation detection was up to an allelic frequency of 1.5% with a high level of inter- and intra-run assay reproducibility, suggesting potential utility for monitoring response to therapy, clonal heterogeneity and evolution. Examples demonstrating the advantages of MiSeq over conventional platforms for disease monitoring are provided. Easy work-flow, high throughput multiplexing capability, 4-day turnaround time and simultaneous assessment of routinely tested and emerging markers make MiSeq highly applicable for clinical molecular testing in acute myeloid leukemia.
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1292
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Ravandi F, Erba HP, Pollyea DA. Expert insights into the contemporary management of older adults with acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Control 2013; 20:5-16. [PMID: 24077448 DOI: 10.1177/107327481302004s02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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1293
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Abstract
Myelodysplasia is a diagnostic feature of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) but is also found in other myeloid neoplasms. Its molecular basis has been recently elucidated by means of massive parallel sequencing studies. About 90% of MDS patients carry ≥1 oncogenic mutations, and two thirds of them are found in individuals with a normal karyotype. Driver mutant genes include those of RNA splicing (SF3B1, SRSF2, U2AF1, and ZRSR2), DNA methylation (TET2, DNMT3A, and IDH1/2), chromatin modification (ASXL1 and EZH2), transcription regulation (RUNX1), DNA repair (TP53), signal transduction (CBL, NRAS, and KRAS), and cohesin complex (STAG2). Only 4 to 6 genes are consistently mutated in ≥10% MDS patients, whereas a long tail of ∼50 genes are mutated less frequently. At presentation, most patients typically have 2 or 3 driver oncogenic mutations and hundreds of background mutations. MDS driver genes are also frequently mutated in other myeloid neoplasms. Reliable genotype/phenotype relationships include the association of the SF3B1 mutation with refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts, TET2/SRSF2 comutation with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and activating CSF3R mutation with chronic neutrophilic leukemia. Although both founding and subclonal driver mutations have been shown to have prognostic significance, prospective clinical trials that include the molecular characterization of the patient's genome are now needed.
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1294
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Abstract
A number of new agents in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have held much promise in recent years, but most have failed to change the therapeutic landscape. Indeed, with the exception of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (which was subsequently voluntarily withdrawn from the commercial market), no new agent has been approved for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) beyond the 7 + 3 regimen, which was has been in use for over 40 years. This review touches upon the potential reasons for these failures and explores the newer therapeutic approaches being pursued in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Lancet
- Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA; Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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1295
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Abstract
Relapse after achieving a prior response remains one of the most important obstacles to improving the outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although overall, the majority of patients with disease relapse do poorly, this is by no means uniform and a number of predictors of outcome have been identified. Previously, most trials of investigational agents in the setting of disease relapse in AML have accrued a wide range of patients with widely different patient and disease characteristics. With increased understanding of the biology of the neoplastic change in AML, and better identification of disease subsets based on their molecular characterization, target-specific novel agents are being developed that will hopefully lead to better strategies, not only for treating relapsed disease, but also for the initial induction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 428, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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1296
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Long-term results of a randomized phase 3 trial comparing idarubicin and daunorubicin in younger patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia 2013; 28:440-3. [PMID: 24166215 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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1297
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Cancer genomics identifies disrupted epigenetic genes. Hum Genet 2013; 133:713-25. [PMID: 24104525 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Latest advances in genome technologies have greatly advanced the discovery of epigenetic genes altered in cancer. The initial single candidate gene approaches have been coupled with newly developed epigenomic platforms to hasten the convergence of scientific discoveries and translational applications. Here, we present an overview of the evolution of cancer epigenomics and an updated catalog of disruptions in epigenetic pathways, whose misregulation can culminate in cancer. The creation of these basic mutational catalogs in cell lines and primary tumors will provide us with enough knowledge to move diagnostics and therapy from the laboratory bench to the bedside.
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1298
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Jain P, Kantarjian H, Patel K, Faderl S, Garcia-Manero G, Benjamini O, Borthakur G, Pemmaraju N, Kadia T, Daver N, Nazha A, Luthra R, Pierce S, Cortes J, Ravandi F. Mutated NPM1 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in remission and relapse. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1337-44. [PMID: 24004182 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.840776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with newly diagnosed AML (n = 360) including 137 (38%) with normal karyotype (NK) were evaluated. Overall, 60 (16.6%) patients, including 46 of the 137 (33.5%) NK patients, had NPM1 mutation at baseline. Thirty-nine patients (30 NK) had available NPM1 status at the time of complete remission (CR) and all (100%) were negative for mutated NPM1. Among the patients with mutated NPM1 at baseline, 10/39 overall (25%) and 7/30 NK (23%) patients relapsed. NPM1 status was available for eight patients (six with NK) at the time of relapse. Among them, 7/8 overall (87%) and 5/6 NK (83%) patients had mutated NPM1, while 1/8 overall (12%) and 1/6 NK (16%) patients remained NPM1 wild type. Among the 300 patients (including 91 with NK) with wild type NPM1 at diagnosis, none acquired a mutated NPM1 clone, either at CR or at relapse. We conclude that mutated NPM1 is a stable and reliable prognostic marker in AML and can be used to assess MRD.
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1299
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Jabbour E, Cortes J, Ravandi F, O'Brien S, Kantarjian H. Targeted therapies in hematology and their impact on patient care: chronic and acute myeloid leukemia. Semin Hematol 2013; 50:271-83. [PMID: 24246694 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the genetic and molecular characterizations of leukemias have enhanced our capabilities to develop targeted therapies. The most dramatic example of targeted therapy in cancer to date is the use of targeted BCR-ABL protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), which has revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Inhibition of the signaling activity of this kinase has proved to be a highly successful treatment target, transforming the prognosis of patients with CML. In contrast, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an extremely heterogeneous disease with outcomes that vary widely according to subtype of the disease. Targeted therapy with monoclonal antibodies and small molecule kinase inhibitors are promising strategies to help improve the cure rates in AML. In this review, we will highlight the results of recent clinical trials in which outcomes of CML and AML have been influenced significantly. Also, novel approaches to sequencing and combining available therapies will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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1300
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Dynamic acquisition of FLT3 or RAS alterations drive a subset of patients with lower risk MDS to secondary AML. Leukemia 2013; 27:2081-3. [PMID: 23774633 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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