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Sung H, Kim G, Ma X, Choe H, Han Y, Yoon J, Ryu Y, Kim YS. Physical Activity Trends in Korean Adults from Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey from 2014 to 2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095213. [PMID: 35564610 PMCID: PMC9100085 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to examine the adherence trend for aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity (PA) guidelines among Korean adults using the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey from 2014 to 2019. Korean adults (N = 2642) were included in the current study to examine the trend of PA adherence from 2014 to 2019. The PA guidelines are: (a) aerobic activity (a minimum of 150 min moderate to vigorous PA weekly) and (b) muscle-strengthening activity (a minimum of two days weekly). Self-report questionnaires in the survey measured both activities. The adherence to PA guidelines by survey year was examined using a multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for covariates. There was a significant decreasing trend in which the adherence rate to aerobic PA guidelines changed from 57.0% in 2014 to 45.6% in 2019 (p < 0.001). On the other hand, the trend in adherence rate to muscle-strengthening activity was not significant (p = 0.976). The adherence rate to muscle-strengthening activity guideline was slightly increased but still low from 20.8% to 23.3% during 2014−2019. The aerobic PA guidelines are significantly decreasing, and more than half of the Korean adults in 2019 have not followed the guidelines. In addition, there has been a slight increase in muscle-strengthening activity; however, the adherence rate is meager. Therefore, this study suggests that Korean adults’ aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA participation is necessary for their low adherence rate and decline tendency.
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Resistance training for Black men with depressive symptoms: a pilot randomized controlled trial to assess acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:283. [PMID: 35448974 PMCID: PMC9022309 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is under-recognized in Black men, who are less likely to seek or have access to psychiatric treatment. Resistance training (RT; i.e., weight lifting) can improve depressive symptoms and may be more acceptable to Black men, but its effects have not been examined for Black men with depressive symptoms. METHODS Fifty Black men with depressive symptoms were randomized to either (a) 12 weeks of RT (coupled with Behavioral Activation techniques to promote adherence) or (b) an attention-control group (Health, Wellness, and Education; HWE). Both groups met twice/week for 12 weeks, and follow-up assessments were done at end-of-treatment (EOT) and 6 months after enrollment. Changes in physical activity and muscular strength were collected as a manipulation check. The primary outcome was interviewer assessed symptoms of depression using the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomology (QIDS). Secondary outcomes included self-reported depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress. The association between change in QIDS from baseline to EOT and concurrent changes in physical activity and muscular strength in the RT group were explored as an initial assessment of mechanism. Longitudinal mixed effects regression models with subject-specific intercepts were used to examine intervention effects. RESULTS A sample with high rates of medical comorbidities (e.g., 44% HIV positive), substance use (e.g., 34% smoking), and negative social determinates of health (e.g., 50% unemployed) was enrolled. Recruitment, engagement, and retention data indicate that the intervention and design were feasible. The RT group showed greater gains in self-reported exercise (b = 270.94, SE = 105.69, p = .01) and muscular strength (b = 11.71, SE = 4.23, p = .01 for upper body and b = 4.24, SE = 2.02, p = .04 for lower body) than the HWE group. The RT group had greater reductions in QIDS scores at both EOT (b = -3.00, SE = 1.34, p = .01) and 6 months (b = -2.63, SE = 1.81, p = .04). The RT group showed a greater reduction in anxiety at EOT (b = -2.67, SE = 1.06, p = .02). Findings regarding self-reported depressive symptoms and stress were non-significant, but in the expected direction with effect sizes in the small to medium range. In the RT group, improvement on the QIDS between baseline and EOT was associated with concurrent improvements in physical activity (b = 21.03, SE = 11.16, p = .02) and muscular strength (b = 1.27, SE = .44, p = .03 for upper body and b = .75, SE = .14, p = .03 for lower body). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that RT is feasible and may be efficacious for reducing depressive symptoms among underserved urban Black men. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov #: NCT03107039 (Registered 11/04/2017).
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Inoue T, Takeuchi I, Iida Y, Takahashi K, Nagano F, Miyazaki S, Shirado K, Yoshimura Y, Momosaki R, Maeda K, Wakabayashi H. Disease-specific Nutritional Physical Therapy: A Position Paper by the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition (Secondary Publication). JMA J 2022; 5:252-262. [PMID: 35611233 PMCID: PMC9090541 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2021-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional disorders diminish the effectiveness of physical therapy. The pathogenesis of nutritional disorders, such as sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia, differs from disease to disease. Disease-specific nutrition can maximize the function, activity, participation, and quality of life for patients undergoing physical therapy, a practice known as nutritional physical therapy. Understanding and practicing disease-specific nutritional physical therapy is essential to meet patients' diverse needs and goals with any disease. Thus, the physical therapist division of the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition, with advice from the Japanese Society of Nutrition and Swallowing Physical Therapy, developed this review. It discusses the impact of disease-specific nutritional physical therapy on sarcopenia and frailty in community-dwelling older adults, obesity and metabolic syndrome, critical illness, musculoskeletal diseases, stroke, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, renal disease, cancer, and sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Inoue
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Izumi Takeuchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Suizenji Tohya Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Iida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Toyohashi SOZO University School of Health Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tamura Surgical Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Nagano
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Kengo Shirado
- Department of Rehabilitation, Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshimura
- Center for Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Research, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Razi O, Tartibian B, Laher I, Govindasamy K, Zamani N, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Suzuki K, Zouhal H. Multimodal Benefits of Exercise in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19. Front Physiol 2022; 13:783251. [PMID: 35492581 PMCID: PMC9048028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.783251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease characterized by plaque formation and neuroinflammation. The plaques can present in various locations, causing a variety of clinical symptoms in patients with MS. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is also associated with systemic inflammation and a cytokine storm which can cause plaque formation in several areas of the brain. These concurring events could exacerbate the disease burden of MS. We review the neuro-invasive properties of SARS-CoV-2 and the possible pathways for the entry of the virus into the central nervous system (CNS). Complications due to this viral infection are similar to those occurring in patients with MS. Conditions related to MS which make patients more susceptible to viral infection include inflammatory status, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, function of CNS cells, and plaque formation. There are also psychoneurological and mood disorders associated with both MS and COVID-19 infections. Finally, we discuss the effects of exercise on peripheral and central inflammation, BBB integrity, glia and neural cells, and remyelination. We conclude that moderate exercise training prior or after infection with SARS-CoV-2 can produce health benefits in patients with MS patients, including reduced mortality and improved physical and mental health of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Razi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Nastaran Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, Vila Real, Portugal
- Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group, i3S, Porto, Portugal
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Katsuhiko Suzuki, ; Hassane Zouhal,
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
- *Correspondence: Katsuhiko Suzuki, ; Hassane Zouhal,
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Gould R, Roberts NW, Murtagh EM, Hillsdon M, Foster C. Remote, face-to-face, and group-based interventions for promoting strength training in healthy community-based adults. Hippokratia 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nia W Roberts
- Bodleian Health Care Libraries; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Elaine M Murtagh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
| | - Melvyn Hillsdon
- School of Sport and Health Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
| | - Charles Foster
- Centre for Exercise Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies; University of Bristol; Bristol UK
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Agne A, Quesnel DA, Larumbe-Zabala E, Olmedillas H, Graell-Berna M, Perez M, Fernandez-del-Valle M. Progressive resistance exercise as complementary therapy improves quality of life and body composition in anorexia nervosa: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 48:101576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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A scoping review of interventions to improve strength training participation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263218. [PMID: 35113954 PMCID: PMC8812857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low participation rates (1–31%) and unique barriers to strength training (e.g., specialized knowledge, equipment, perceived complexity) suggest effective strength training interventions may differ from effective aerobic or general physical activity interventions. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine interventions used to improve strength training participation through mapping theory, intervention characteristics, prescription parameters, and behaviour change techniques. Methods Recommendations by Levac et al. (2010) and PRISMA-ScR were followed in the conduct and reporting of this review, respectively. Patients and exercise professionals participated in developing the research question and data extraction form, interpreting the findings, and drafting the manuscript. Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed databases (inception–December 2020) were searched. The inclusion criteria were (a) original peer-reviewed articles and grey literature, (b) intervention study design, and (c) behavioural interventions targeted towards improving strength training participation. Two reviewers performed data screening, extraction, and coding. The interventions were coded using the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy version 1. Data were synthesized using descriptive and frequency reporting. Results Twenty-seven unique interventions met the inclusion criteria. Social cognitive theory (n = 9), the transtheoretical model (n = 4), and self-determination theory (n = 2) were the only behaviour change theories used. Almost all the interventions were delivered face-to-face (n = 25), with the majority delivered by an exercise specialist (n = 23) in community or home settings (n = 24), with high variability in exercise prescription parameters. Instructions on how to perform the behaviour, behavioural practice, graded tasks, goal setting, adding objects to the environment (e.g., providing equipment), and using a credible source (e.g., exercise specialist delivery) comprised the most common behaviour change techniques. Conclusions Our results highlight gaps in theory, intervention delivery, exercise prescription parameters, and behaviour change techniques for future interventions to examine and improve our understanding of how to most effectively influence strength training participation.
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McDonough DJ, Helgeson MA, Liu W, Gao Z. Effects of a remote, YouTube-delivered exercise intervention on young adults' physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: Randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:145-156. [PMID: 34314877 PMCID: PMC8487769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity (PA) intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, this study's purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based, YouTube-delivered PA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults' free-living PA, sedentary behavior, and sleep quality (NCT04499547). METHODS Sixty-four young adults (48 females; age = 22.8 ± 3.4 years, mean ± SD; body mass index = 23.1 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were randomized (1:1) into the intervention group, which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA videos, or control group, which received weekly general health education videos, for 12 weeks. Our primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior, light PA, and sleep quality (measured using ActiGraph accelerometers) along with muscle-strengthening PA frequency, self-determination theory-related motivation (non-regulation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation, and intrinsic regulation), and perceived PA barriers (assessed using validated questionnaires). Repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVAs) examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared (ηp2). RESULTS We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVPA, sleep efficiency, muscle-strengthening PA frequency, non-regulation, integrated regulation, intrinsic regulation, and perceived PA barriers (F(1, 62) = 10.75-77.67, p < 0.001-0.002, ηp2 = 0.15-0.56) with all outcomes favoring the intervention group. We observed no statistically significant differences in either group for sedentary behavior, light PA, sleep duration, or external, introjected, and identified regulations after 12 weeks (F(1, 62) = 1.11-3.64, p = 0.06-0.61). CONCLUSION With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic PA environments and behaviors, a remote, YouTube-delivered PA intervention may help foster clinically meaningful improvements in young adults' free-living MVPA, muscle-strengthening PA frequency, sleep efficiency, PA-related intrinsic motivation, and perceived PA barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J McDonough
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Melina A Helgeson
- Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wenxi Liu
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Zan Gao
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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109
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Associations between duration and volume of muscle-strengthening exercise and clinically assessed hypertension among 10 519 UK adults: a cross-sectional study. J Hypertens 2022; 40:947-955. [PMID: 35191415 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evidence shows that muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) is important for the treatment and management of hypertension. However, the links between MSE and hypertension in epidemiological research are currently poorly understood. This study examines the association between MSE duration and volume with clinically assessed hypertension. METHODS Cross-sectional data (n = 10 519, adults ≥16 years) were pooled from the Health Survey for England (2012, 2016). Self-reported MSE mode (own bodyweight; gym-based), duration, and volume were tested for associations with sphygmomanometer measured hypertension (SBP ≥ 130 mmHg or DBP ≥ 80 mmHg). Poisson regressions with robust error variance were used to calculate the prevalence ratios of hypertension (outcome variable) across MSE (exposure variables: duration (minutes [0 (reference); 10-20; 21-59; ≥60/session]); and volume [0 (reference); low <mean; high ≥mean/week]) for each mode and the modes combined. RESULTS Most adults (81.1%) did no MSE. However, in those who did (n = 1984), undertaking any MSE, regardless of mode, duration, or volume, was associated with a reduced likelihood of hypertension (adjusted prevalence ratios 0.61-0.90). When compared with the reference groups (no MSE), some modes had more favourable associations (e.g. ≥60 min/session of own bodyweight MSE; ≥mean min/week of gym-based MSE). CONCLUSION Irrespective of duration or volume, MSE was associated with a lower prevalence of clinically assessed hypertension. Public-health campaigns and other interventions that successfully promote small-to-moderate increases in MSE participation may reduce the prevalence of hypertension.
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Functional and Psychological Changes after Exercise Training in Post-COVID-19 Patients Discharged from the Hospital: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042290. [PMID: 35206483 PMCID: PMC8871540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are infected with COVID-19, and COVID-19 survivors have been found to suffer from functional disabilities and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. This is a matter of concern because COVID-19 is still not over. Because reinfection is still possible in COVID-19 survivors, decreased physical function and increased stress and anxiety can lower immune function. However, the optimal exercise intensity and volume appear to remain unknown. Therefore, the current systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of resistance or aerobic exercises in post-COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge. We conducted searches in the Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Studies that met the following criteria were included: (i) English language, (ii) patients with COVID-19 involved with resistance or aerobic exercise programs after hospital discharge. Out of 381 studies reviewed, seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence shows that exercise programs composed of resistance exercise (e.g., 1–2 sets of 8–10 repetitions at 30–80% of 1RM) along with aerobic exercise (e.g., 5 to 30 min at moderate intensity) may improve the functional capacity and quality of life (reduce stress and mental disorders) in post-COVID-19 patients. In addition, only one study reported reinfection of three subjects involved with the exercise program, suggesting that exercise programs may be feasible for the rehabilitation of the patients. A meta-analysis was not conducted because the included studies have methodological heterogeneities, and they did not examine a control group. Consequently, the results should be generalized with caution.
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111
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Drew RJ, Morgan PJ, Young MD. Mechanisms of an eHealth program targeting depression in men with overweight or obesity: A randomised trial. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:309-317. [PMID: 34871640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SHED-IT: Recharge study demonstrated that a gender-tailored eHealth program could improve the depressive symptoms of men with overweight or obesity and low mood. This study examined whether changes in key behaviours and cognitions acted as significant mediators of this treatment effect. METHODS The study was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) including 125 men with overweight or obesity (mean (SD) weight 103.8 (15.8) kg), and current depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) ≥ 5; mean (SD) 9.2 (4.1) units). Assessments were held at baseline, 3 months (post-intervention), and 6 months (follow-up). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated PHQ-9 and Masculine Depressive Risk Scale (MDRS-22). Behavioural and cognitive mediators were assessed with validated measures. Intention-to-treat mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. RESULTS Single mediation analyses demonstrated that the intervention effect on both PHQ-9 and MDRS-22 scores was significantly mediated by changes in MVPA, energy-dense nutrient-poor foods, cognitive flexibility, and behavioural activation. In addition, changes in sleep quality mediated improvements in MDRS-22 scores. No mediation effects were observed for light physical activity, sedentary behaviour, fruit and vegetable intake, risky alcohol consumption or mindfulness. LIMITATIONS The study was a secondary analysis with power to detect moderate-to-large mediation effects only. CONCLUSION To prevent or treat depression in men with overweight or obesity, early evidence suggests MVPA, sleep quality, energy-dense nutrient-poor food intake, cognitive flexibility, and behavioural activation are important intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Drew
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Myles D Young
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
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Shakespear-Druery J, De Cocker K, Biddle SJH, Bennie J. Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire (MSEQ): an assessment of concurrent validity and test–retest reliability. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001225. [PMID: 35237446 PMCID: PMC8845318 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesMuscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) has multiple independent health benefits and is a component of global physical activity guidelines. However, the assessment of MSE in health surveillance is often limited to the constructs of frequency (days/week), with little focus on constructs such as MSE type, muscle groups targeted and intensity. This study describes the test–retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire (MSEQ), which was developed to assess multiple MSE participation constructs.MethodsThe MSEQ was developed to assess the weekly frequency, session duration and intensity, types of MSE (eg, weight machines, bodyweight exercise) and muscle groups targeted. Two convenience samples of adult participants were recruited. Test–retest reliability was completed online by 85 participants. Concurrent validity was assessed for 54 participants using an online 7-day MSE log.ResultsThe MSEQ shows high test–retest reliability for frequency, duration and level of intensity for each of the four MSE types (using weight machines, bodyweight exercises, resistance exercises and holistic exercises), and for the four types combined (ρ range 0.76–0.91). For muscle groups targeted, the reliability ranged mostly from moderate-to-substantial for each of the four MSE types (κ range 0.44–0.78) and fair-to-moderate for the four types combined (κ range 0.35–0.51). Concurrent validity for frequency, duration and level of intensity for each of the four MSE types, and the four types combined, was moderate-to-high (ρ range 0.30–0.77).ConclusionThe MSEQ shows acceptable reliability and validity for four key MSE constructs. This new MSEQ survey instrument could be used to assess adults’ MSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Shakespear-Druery
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, Australia
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Physical Activity and Prevalence of Depression and Antidepressants in the Spanish Population. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020363. [PMID: 35206977 PMCID: PMC8871793 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a mental disorder that affects more than 250 million people in the world, limiting their functional capacities. The work of public health policies is aimed at reducing its prevalence as well as its pharmaceutical cost. Physical activity (PA) programs are interventions with a high potential for effectiveness. Objectives: To establish the relationships between physical activity and the prevalence of depression and antidepressant intake in the Spanish population. Design: We performed a correlational study that was based on data from the European Health Survey Spain 2020 with 20,287 participants, aged 18–84 years, living in Spain. Results: Dependency relationships were found between the prevalence of depression, and: the frequency of PA, the number of days of PA per week, and the number of days of muscle strengthening in the population, in both sexes, and in all age groups (p < 0.001). Dependency relationships were found between the three PA variables and the prevalence of taking antidepressants (p < 0.001). An elevated prevalence of depression and antidepressant taking were found in the inactive groups compared to those who performed PA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There is an inverse relationship between physical activity and the probability of suffering from depression and the intake of antidepressants. Performing PA 3–4 days/week, including 1–2 days of strength work, could be the best proposal to reduce the prevalence of depression in the Spanish population.
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Zarza-Rebollo JA, Molina E, López-Isac E, Pérez-Gutiérrez AM, Gutiérrez B, Cervilla JA, Rivera M. Interaction Effect between Physical Activity and the BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism on Depression in Women from the PISMA-ep Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042068. [PMID: 35206257 PMCID: PMC8872527 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between depression and the Val66Met polymorphism at the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF), has been largely studied. It has also been related to physical activity, although the results remain inconclusive. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between this polymorphism, depression and physical activity in a thoroughly characterised sample of community-based individuals from the PISMA-ep study. A total of 3123 participants from the PISMA-ep study were genotyped for the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, of which 209 had depression. Our results are in line with previous studies reporting a protective effect of physical activity on depression, specifically in light intensity. Interestingly, we report a gene-environment interaction effect in which Met allele carriers of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism who reported more hours of physical activity showed a decreased prevalence of depression. This effect was observed in the total sample (OR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.90–0.99, p = 0.027) and was strengthened in women (OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.87–0.98, p = 0.019). These results highlight the potential role of physical activity as a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing and adjuvant treatment of depression and suggest molecular and genetic particularities of depression between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Zarza-Rebollo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Esther Molina
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena López-Isac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Ana M. Pérez-Gutiérrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Blanca Gutiérrez
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge A. Cervilla
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Mental Health Service, University Hospital San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
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115
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Zhu LY, Li MY, Li KH, Yang X, Yang YY, Zhao XX, Yan T, Li MM, Luo SQ, Zhang ML, Su JZ. Effect of Exercise Prescription Implementation Rate on Cardiovascular Events. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:753672. [PMID: 35187098 PMCID: PMC8850638 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundExercise prescription of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is vital in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and those carrying high risk for CVDs. However, the relation between the implementation rate of exercise prescription and cardiovascular events (CVEs) is unclear.Design and MethodsIn this retrospective study, using the administration data from the Rehabilitation Center in a hospital, patients aged ≥18 years with CVDs were consecutively enrolled from November 2018 to May 2021. Patients were divided into the high execution group (HEG) and low execution group (LEG) depending on whether they completed more than half the time of the exercise prescriptions. Baseline characteristics, ultrasonic cardiogram, cardiopulmonary exercise test, follow-up data, and CVEs were collected.ResultsThe mean age of the 197 CR patients was 61.8 ± 13.7 years and the mean follow-up duration was 10.9 ± 4.2 months. Among them, 15 patients suffered CVEs: 4 in the HEG and 11 in the LEG. The incidence of CVEs showed significant differences between HEG and LEG (chi-square test). Free-event survival analysis using Kaplan–Meier survival plots showed that patients in LEG had poor survival. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the prescription implementation rate was an independent predictor of CVEs.ConclusionsOur study suggested a significant effect of exercise prescription execution rate on the occurrence of CVEs. Further, the HEG of exercise prescription was associated with lower CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yue Zhu
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min-Yan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun-Hui Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Yong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zhao
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Si-Qi Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mu-Lan Zhang
- Fuyang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mu-Lan Zhang
| | - Jin-Zi Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Jin-Zi Su
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116
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Kleschnitzki JM, Grossmann I, Beyer R, Beyer L. Modification in motor skills of seniors in care homes through serious games and the impact of corona conditions: a field study (Preprint). JMIR Serious Games 2022; 10:e36768. [PMID: 35536610 PMCID: PMC9094716 DOI: 10.2196/36768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Marina Kleschnitzki
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inga Grossmann
- Department of Science, All About Me GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Beyer
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luzi Beyer
- Department of Quantitative Research Methods, Alice-Salomon University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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117
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Grasdalsmoen M, Clarsen B, Sivertsen B. Mental Health in Elite Student Athletes: Exploring the Link Between Training Volume and Mental Health Problems in Norwegian College and University Students. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:817757. [PMID: 35178515 PMCID: PMC8844557 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.817757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine mental health problems among elite athletes in a student population, compared to the general student population, and to explore the association between weekly hours of training across mental health indicators. Methods Data are from a national study from 2018 of all college and university students in Norway. Participants indicated if they considered themselves to be an elite athlete, and how many hours per week they trained. Mental health problems were assessed using several well-validated questionnaires. Results Among 50,054 students, 1.3% identified themselves as elite athletes. Both male and female elite athletes had generally better mental health across most health outcomes, reporting fewer mental health problems, less loneliness, higher satisfaction with life, more positive affect, and fewer alcohol problems. Elite athletes in team sports had slightly better mental health compared to athletes of individual sports. Increased hours of weekly exercise was associated with better mental health. However, there was generally little to be gained from increasing the amount of training from 7–10 hours/week to 14+ hours per week. Female athletes who trained 14 or more hours per week reported poorer mental health across most outcome measures. Conclusion This study showed that both male and female elite athletes generally had better mental health across a range of health outcomes, when compared to the general student population. The study also found a positive dose-response relationship between weekly hours of training and mental health, but also a worsening of mental health for females at the extreme end of exercise continuum. The self-report nature of this student sample means that care should be taken when generalizing to other studies of elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grasdalsmoen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Benjamin Clarsen
- Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Research & Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- *Correspondence: Børge Sivertsen
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118
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Effects of a Physical Exercise Intervention on Pain in Workplaces: A Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031331. [PMID: 35162354 PMCID: PMC8834817 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interventions that promote physical activity and healthy habits in workplaces have proven to be effective in reducing risk factors associated with numerous pathologies. This study examines the effects of an individualized physical exercise program that lasts five minutes for 30 working days on the perceived pain of workers, as well as analyzing adherence to it within workplaces. Data were collected through a visual analog scale of 1–10 of the perception of pain by anatomical areas, and, thus, we could observe variations in the perceived pain of workers through a program of five individualized exercises for one minute each based on the analysis of the worker and the job position. Significant differences were observed in three of the four centers analyzed (1: p = 0.006; 2: p = 0.009; 3: p = 0.000; 4: p = 0.791). A five-minute exercise program in the work environment appears to be an effective tool in terms of time and an improvement in workers’ perception of pain.
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119
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Galán-Arroyo C, Pereira-Payo D, Hernández-Mocholí MÁ, Merellano-Navarro E, Pérez-Gómez J, Rojo-Ramos J, Adsuar JC. Depression and Exercise in Older Adults: Exercise Looks after You Program, User Profile. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020181. [PMID: 35206796 PMCID: PMC8871945 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a challenge for public health policies, as it is the number one leading cause of disability in the world. In order to combat and prevent it, different social and health interventions are being developed to promote health through physical activity. Objective: Analyze and describe the user profile of the patients with depression from the Exercise Looks After You program, which is a physical activity program that works on improving public health and has an essential role preventing chronic diseases and improving the quality of life of the elderly in Extremadura. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: total sample of 1972 users (96.4% women, 3.6% men), of whom 724 (94.6% women, 5.4% men) suffer from depression. Results: It was observed that the dominant user profile of the patients with depression within the program is female, 71 years old, physically active, overweight, married, with low educational level, non-smoker, no alcohol consumption and below average physical fitness and health-related quality of life, which translates into a high incidence of primary care, nursing and prescription visits. Conclusions: This study presents the user profile of depressive versus non-depressive participants of the Exercise Looks After You physical activity program. This data could be meaningful in order to improve and optimize public health programs and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Galán-Arroyo
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (J.C.A.)
| | - Damián Pereira-Payo
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Hernández-Mocholí
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | | | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Jose Carmelo Adsuar
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (J.C.A.)
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120
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Borges JC, de Oliveira Filho GG, de Lira CAB, da Silva RAD, Alves EDS, Benvenutti MJ, Rosa JPP. Motivation Levels and Goals for the Practice of Physical Exercise in Five Different Modalities: A Correspondence Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 12:793238. [PMID: 34992570 PMCID: PMC8724760 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.793238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of the practitioner’s profile regarding their motivation level for physical exercise engagement could be a behavioral strategy to increase exercise adherence. The present study investigates the associations between motivation levels, modalities practiced, and goals concerning the practice of physical exercise among physical exercise practitioners. A total of 100 physical exercise practitioners, of which 67 were women, took part in this study. The participants were engaged in extreme fitness program, strength training, fight training, Pilates, and functional training. Motivation level (BREQ-3) and expectations regarding regular physical exercise (IMPRAF-54) were assessed. A multiple correspondence analysis demonstrates preferential relationships between descriptive and non-inferential variables. Strength training and fight training practitioners seek these modalities with the goals of “Health” and “Aesthetics,” demonstrating low autonomy in relation to the behavior for the practice of physical exercise. Extreme conditioning program and functional training practitioners have as goal “Pleasure,” demonstrating medium and high levels of autonomy for such practice and Pilates practitioners have the goal of “Stress Control.” To promote and encourage the regular practice of physical exercise, this strategy could be used to take actions that increase the public’s intention to start or continue in a physical exercise program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mateus Joacir Benvenutti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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121
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Viecelli C, Aguayo D. May the Force and Mass Be With You-Evidence-Based Contribution of Mechano-Biological Descriptors of Resistance Exercise. Front Physiol 2022; 12:686119. [PMID: 35069229 PMCID: PMC8769283 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.686119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the most important tissues of the human body. It comprises up to 40% of the body mass and is crucial to survival. Hence, the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and strength is pivotal. It is well-established that resistance exercise provides a potent anabolic stimulus to increase muscle mass and strength in men and women of all ages. Resistance exercise consists of mechano-biological descriptors, such as load, muscle action, number of repetitions, repetition duration, number of sets, rest interval between sets, frequency, volitional muscular failure, and range of motion, which can be manipulated. Herein, we discuss the evidence-based contribution of these mechano-biological descriptors to muscle mass and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Viecelli
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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122
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Voorendonk EM, Sanches SA, Tollenaar MS, De Jongh A, Van Minnen A. Augmenting PTSD treatment with physical activity: study protocol of the APPART study (Augmentation for PTSD with Physical Activity in a Randomized Trial). Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2016219. [PMID: 35126881 PMCID: PMC8812732 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.2016219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New intensive trauma-focused treatment (TFT) programmes that incorporate physical activity have been developed for people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the unique contribution of physical activity within these intensive TFT programmes has never been investigated in a controlled manner. OBJECTIVES This randomized controlled trial will investigate the effectiveness of physical activity added to an intensive TFT programme. In addition, the study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of physical activity on the change in PTSD symptoms. METHODS Individuals with PTSD (N = 120) will be randomly allocated to two conditions: a physical activity or a non-physical active control condition. All participants will receive the same intensive TFT lasting eight days within two consecutive weeks, in which daily prolonged exposure and EMDR therapy sessions, and psycho-education are combined. The amount of physical activity will differ per condition. While the physical activity condition induces daily physical activities with moderate intensity, in the non-physical active control condition no physical activity is prescribed; but instead, a controlled mixture of guided (creative) tasks is performed. The two primary outcome measures are change in PTSD symptoms from pre- to post-treatment and at six months follow-up, measured with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5), and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Additionally, self-reported sleep problems, depressive symptoms, emotion regulation, dissociation symptoms and anxiety sensitivity will be measured as potential underlying mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS This study will contribute to the research field of augmentation strategies for PTSD treatment by investigating the effectiveness of physical activity added to intensive TFT. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (Trial NL9120).
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Voorendonk
- Research Department, PSYTREC, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S A Sanches
- Phrenos Centre of Expertise for Severe Mental Illness, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M S Tollenaar
- Clinical Psychology and the Leiden Institute of Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A De Jongh
- Research Department, PSYTREC, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,School of Psychology, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland.,Institute of Health and Society, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | - A Van Minnen
- Research Department, PSYTREC, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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123
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Dunston ER, Messina ES, Coelho AJ, Chriest SN, Waldrip MP, Vahk A, Taylor K. Physical activity is associated with grit and resilience in college students: Is intensity the key to success? JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:216-222. [PMID: 32240056 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1740229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the independent associations among physical activity, sitting, grit, and resilience in college students. Participants: Undergraduate students (n = 244) from a regional university participated in the study in January 2018. Methods: An online survey regarding physical activity, grit, and resilience was distributed via email. Linear regression analyses were used to determine independent associations among grit, resilience, physical activity and sitting. One-way ANCOVAs were used to determine differences in grit and resilience across levels of activity. Results: Vigorous physical activity was positively associated with resilience and the perseverance of effort grit domain, while being negatively associated with the consistency of interest grit domain. Further, grit and resilience scores were significantly higher with increased volumes of vigorous, but not moderate, physical activity. Conclusions: The intensity of physical activity may play an important role in psychosocial determinants related to student success such as grit and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Dunston
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
| | - Emily S Messina
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
| | - Alan J Coelho
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
| | - Shelby N Chriest
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
| | - Martin P Waldrip
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
| | - Annika Vahk
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
| | - Katrina Taylor
- Department of Wellness and Movement Sciences, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington, USA
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124
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Zhao Y, Wang W, Wang M, Gao F, Hu C, Cui B, Yu W, Ren H. Personalized individual-based exercise prescriptions are effective in treating depressive symptoms of college students during the COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial in China. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1015725. [PMID: 36699477 PMCID: PMC9869038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1015725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously increased depression prevalence among the public, including Chinese college students. However, many exercise cannot be performed as usual under the stay-at-home order. This study was a 12-week three-arm randomized controlled trial using the intention-to-treat principle, aiming to explore and compare the feasibility and effect of individual-based personalized aerobic-exercise and resistance-training prescriptions on depressive symptoms in college students, and conclude with some recommendations for individual-based exercise prescriptions. METHODS Eighty-six college students with depressive symptoms were randomized into aerobic-exercise (AE), resistance-training (RT), and wait-list control (WLC) groups. Participants in two experimental groups received 12-week personalized AE and RT prescriptions on their individual situations, respectively. No intervention was implemented on participants in the WLC group. Depressive symptoms and physical activity (PA) were measured by Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), respectively. All data were collected at the baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, and 4-week post-intervention. RESULTS At 12 weeks, 72.09% of depressive participants improved to "normal." Participants exhibited a statistical reduction in SDS in all 3 groups (p < 0.05) at 12 weeks compared to baseline. Follow-up assessments showed no significant increase in SDS at 4-week post-intervention compared to 12 weeks (p > 0.05). The independent t-test revealed significantly lower SDS in AE and RT group than in WLC group (p AE < 0.001 and p RT < 0.05) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, and 4-week post-intervention. Furthermore, the PA of participants (including total PA and intensities) in both experimental groups represented a significant improvement at 4-week post-intervention compared to baseline (p < 0.05), while no differences were observed in the PA of participants in the WLC group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Personalized exercise prescriptions have good feasibility as they can increase adherence to intervention and reduce serious adverse events. Besides, individual-based personalized aerobic-exercise and resistance-training prescriptions result in a similar effect in relieving depressive symptoms and improving physical activity in college students. The individual-based exercise programs performed in 45- to 60- min with progressive moderate-to-vigorous intensity, 3 times/week for at least 12 weeks, may reduce depressive symptoms in college students during the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Zhao
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdie Wang
- China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Gao
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Hu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Cui
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlang Yu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Associations between muscle-strengthening exercise and prevalent chronic health conditions in 16,301 adults: Do session duration and weekly volume matter? J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:407-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hsieh MH, Nfor ON, Ho CC, Hsu SY, Lee CT, Jan CF, Hsieh PC, Liaw YP. Association Between MTHFR rs17367504 Polymorphism and Major Depressive Disorder in Taiwan: Evidence for Effect Modification by Exercise Habits. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:821448. [PMID: 35800018 PMCID: PMC9253418 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.821448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Recent studies reported that folate supplementation has beneficial effects on major depression. The Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme is crucial in folate metabolism. This population-based study examined the association between MTHFR rs17367504 polymorphism and major depressive disorder based on exercise habits. METHODS Taiwan Biobank (TWB) provided demographic and genotype data between 2008 and 2015. The biobank participants were Taiwanese aged 30 to 70. Data on major depressive disorder (MDD) were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). RESULTS A total of 636 individuals were identified with MDD, whereas 17,298 individuals were considered controls. The associations of MTHFR rs17367504 and exercise with MDD risk were estimated using logistic regression models. The distribution of MTHFR rs17367504 genotype frequencies differed significantly between the MDD and control groups. We found that, compared with the AA genotype, the GG genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of MDD [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-2.94; p = 0.033]. We found an interaction (p = 0.04) between rs17367504 and exercise, a well-known protective factor for MDD. A substantial increase in the risk of MDD was found among those with GG genotypes who did not exercise (aOR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.66-5.17; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that MDD is related to MTHFR rs17367504 and exercise, though the mechanisms remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hong Hsieh
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Hsu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Feng Jan
- Office of Physical Education, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Medical Imaging and Big Data Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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127
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Drew RJ, Morgan PJ, Collins CE, Callister R, Kay-Lambkin F, Kelly BJ, Young MD. Behavioral and Cognitive Outcomes of an Online Weight Loss Program for Men With Low Mood: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Behav Med 2021; 56:1026-1041. [PMID: 34964449 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and obesity are major health concerns and commonly co-exist, but men rarely seek help for these conditions. SHED-IT: Recharge was a gender-tailored eHealth program for men that generated clinically meaningful improvements in weight and depressive symptoms. PURPOSE To evaluate behavioral and psychological outcomes from the SHED-IT: Recharge intervention designed for overweight/obese men with low mood. METHODS Overall, 125 men (18-70 years) with a BMI between 25 and 42 kg/m2 and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) were randomly allocated to SHED-IT: Recharge (n = 62) or wait-list control (n = 63) groups. The self-directed program targeted key health behaviors combined with online mental fitness modules based on cognitive behavioral therapy. Behavioral (e.g., physical activity) and psychological outcomes (e.g., cognitive flexibility) were assessed with validated measures at baseline, 3 months (post-test) and 6 months (follow-up). Intention-to-treat linear mixed models examined treatment effects, which were adjusted for covariates, and effect size estimated (Cohen's d). RESULTS At post-test, intervention men achieved small-to-medium improvements in several health behavior outcomes including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, light physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, energy intake, portion size, and risky alcohol consumption (range, d = 0.3-0.5), when compared with the control group. Intervention effects were also observed for perceived physical self-worth, perceived physical strength, cognitive flexibility, and behavioral activation (range, d = 0.3-0.8). No effects were found for fruit and vegetable intake, or mindful attention. Most effects were maintained at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This gender-tailored, eHealth program with integrated mental fitness support elicited meaningful improvements in health behaviors and psychological outcomes for men with low mood. Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001209189).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Drew
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robin Callister
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frances Kay-Lambkin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brian J Kelly
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Myles D Young
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Psychology, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Shams A, Nobari H, Afonso J, Abbasi H, Mainer-Pardos E, Pérez-Gómez J, Bayati M, Bahrami A, Carneiro L. Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:764044. [PMID: 34938705 PMCID: PMC8685315 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.764044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aimed to evaluate the effects of low and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) among older people. Forty-five male Iranian adults aged 65–80 years were selected according to the eligibility criteria and randomly assigned to a low-intensity group (LIG) (40–50% of maximum heart rate), moderate-intensity group (MIG) (60–70% of maximum heart rate) and control group (CG). The exercise protocols consisted of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (two sessions per week). Psychological well-being and QoL were assessed through the Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale and the World Health Organization QoL Questionnaire. The statistical analysis for psychological well-being indicated that a significant main group (between-group) (F = 11.777, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.359), time (within-group) (F = 58.983, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.584) and interaction effect (group × time) (F = 20.146, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.490) for PWB total score. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the PWB total score in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for PWB components including self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, purposeful life, and environmental mastery revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05). While there was a significant difference between the groups for personal growth component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the personal growth in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.028) and CG (p < 0.001). Result for QoL indicated significant differences for the main group (F = 13.277, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.387), time (F = 25.533, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.378) and interaction effect (F = 9.992, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.332) for QoL total scale. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the QoL total scale in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for QoL components including Physical health, Social relationships, Health environment revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05), while there was a significant difference between the groups for the Psychological health component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the Psychological health in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.009) and CG (p = 0.002). Therefore, aerobic exercise improves PWB and QoL in older adults, moderate-intensity exercise seems to produce higher benefits than low-intensity, demonstrating a positive dose-response relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shams
- Department of Motor Behavior, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.,Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - José Afonso
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Hamed Abbasi
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mahdi Bayati
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahrami
- Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Lara Carneiro
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, University of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal.,Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
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129
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The short and long-term effects of aerobic, strength, or mixed exercise programs on schizophrenia symptomatology. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24300. [PMID: 34934115 PMCID: PMC8692409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different physical exercise programs on the symptomatology, body composition, physical activity, physical fitness, and quality of life of individuals with schizophrenia. A total of 432 patients were assessed for eligibility and 86 were randomized into the aerobic (n = 28), strength (n = 29) or mixed (n = 29) groups. Positive, negative, and general symptoms of psychosis, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (IPAQ-SF), physical fitness (6-min walk test [6MWT] and hand-grip strength [HGS]), and quality of life (WHOQUOL-BREF) were assessed at baseline, post-intervention (16 weeks), and at 10-months. Our results at 16 weeks showed significant improvements in all three groups in the negative, general, and total symptoms with moderate to large effect sizes (P < 0.01, ηp2 > 0.11), no change in the BMI, 6MWT or IPAQ-SF, and a significant improvement in the HGS test in the strength and mixed groups (P ≤ 0.05, ηp2 > 0.08). Nonetheless, all the improvements had disappeared at 10 months. We concluded that 3 weekly sessions of a moderate to vigorous progressive exercise program for 16 weeks improved the symptomatology of individuals with schizophrenia in all three groups, with no differences between them. However, the effects had declined to baseline levels by the 10-month follow-up, suggesting that exercise interventions should be maintained over time.
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130
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Drew RJ, Morgan PJ, Kay-Lambkin F, Collins CE, Callister R, Kelly BJ, Hansen V, Young MD. Men's Perceptions of a Gender-Tailored eHealth Program Targeting Physical and Mental Health: Qualitative Findings from the SHED-IT Recharge Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12878. [PMID: 34948488 PMCID: PMC8702011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing rates of co-morbid depression and obesity, few interventions target both conditions simultaneously, particularly in men. The SHED-IT: Recharge trial, conducted in 125 men with depressive symptoms and overweight or obesity, tested the efficacy of a gender-tailored eHealth program with integrated mental health support. The aims of this study were to examine the perceptions of men who received the SHED-IT: Recharge intervention in relation to recruitment, satisfaction with the program, and suggestions to improve the program. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted in a random sub-sample, stratified by baseline depression and weight status (n = 19, mean (SD) age 49.6 years (11.6), PHQ-9 score 9.0 (3.7), BMI 32.5 kg/m2 (4.6)). Transcripts were analyzed using an inductive process by an independent qualitative researcher. Four themes emerged, namely, (i) specific circumstances determined men's motivation to enroll, (ii) unique opportunity to implement sustained physical and mental health changes compared to previous experiences, (iii) salience of the program elements, and (iv) further opportunities that build accountability could help maintain focus. Gender-tailored, self-directed lifestyle interventions incorporating mental health support are acceptable and satisfying for men experiencing depressive symptoms. These findings provide important insights for future self-guided lifestyle interventions for men with poor physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Drew
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.J.D.); (P.J.M.)
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.J.D.); (P.J.M.)
| | - Frances Kay-Lambkin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (F.K.-L.); (B.J.K.)
| | - Clare E. Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Robin Callister
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Brian J. Kelly
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (F.K.-L.); (B.J.K.)
| | - Vibeke Hansen
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia;
| | - Myles D. Young
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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131
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Huang L, Huang G, Ding Q, Liang P, Hu C, Zhang H, Zhan L, Wang Q, Cao Y, Zhang J, Shen W, Jia X, Xing W. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) alterations in adults with subthreshold depression after physical exercise: A resting-state fMRI study. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:1057-1065. [PMID: 34706414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise has been proved to reduce the risk of major depression in Subthreshold depression (StD) individuals effectively, yet little is known about the spontaneous brain activity changes associated with physical exercise. METHODS A total of 70 adult subjects, including 38 StD and 32 healthy control (HC) subjects, underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) before and after eight-week aerobic exercise respectively. Then, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) alterations between the two groups were quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS Before exercise intervention, the rs-fMRI data showed increased ALFF of the right putamen in the StD group compared with HC group. After exercise intervention, there was no significant ALFF change observed between the StD and HC groups. The longitudinal ALFF differences from pre- to post- exercise intervention showed significantly decreased ALFF in the right middle and inferior occipital gyrus, right middle and inferior temporal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus (FG), while increased ALFF in the right middle cingulate, right superior parietal louble, right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) (inferior parietal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus), and bilateral precuneus in the StD group. As for HC group, the results showed that decreased ALFF in the right FG and right parahippocampus, while increased ALFF in the right precuneus, right middle cingulate, right supplementary motor area, right superior parietal lobule and right paracentral lobule in the HC group. No significant correlation between changes of ALFF and clinical scale scores in the StD group. LIMITATIONS The definitions of StD are varied in terms of different studies, the final sample size was relatively small, and the age range of the subjects in this study was narrow. Meanwhile, the exercise intervention trial was short-term. CONCLUSIONS These results further support the standpoint that physical exercise has the potential to reshape the abnormal patterns of spontaneous brain activity in adults with StD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guofeng Huang
- School of Information and Electronics Technology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjian, China
| | - Qingguo Ding
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, Chna
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Zhan
- School of Western Language, Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yikang Cao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Changshu Third People's Hospital, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xize Jia
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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How Do Hip Exercises Improve Pain in Individuals With Patellofemoral Pain? Secondary Mediation Analysis of Strength and Psychological Factors as Mechanisms. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021; 51:602-610. [PMID: 34847699 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2021.10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the effect of hip exercise on patellofemoral pain is mediated through changes in hip muscle strength or psychological factors. DESIGN Secondary mediation analysis of a randomized clinical trial, in which 218 participants with patellofemoral pain were randomly assigned to receive foot orthoses or hip exercises. METHODS Pain (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score pain subscale) and number of pain-free squats at 12 weeks were the outcomes for this mediation analysis, as they are pathognomonic of patellofemoral pain. Hip strength dynamometry (abduction, adduction, and external rotation) and psychological characteristics (pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and anxiety) measured at 6 weeks were considered as potential mediators. We used mediation analysis to decompose the total effect of treatment on the outcome into (1) the "indirect effect" (ie, the portion acting through the mediator) and (2) the "direct effect." RESULTS The effect of hip exercise on pain and squats was not mediated by any of the strength or psychological mediators analyzed. All indirect effects were small and showed wide 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that contained zero (eg, for pain-free squats: abduction strength, -0.13; 95% CI: -0.49, 0.23; Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, -0.17; 95% CI: -0.64, 0.30). CONCLUSION Hip strength improved after hip exercise, yet strength did not mediate improvements in pain and pain-free squats, and alternative psychological mediators were not implicated. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(12):602-610. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.10674.
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Fyfe JJ, Hamilton DL, Daly RM. Minimal-Dose Resistance Training for Improving Muscle Mass, Strength, and Function: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Practical Considerations. Sports Med 2021; 52:463-479. [PMID: 34822137 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Resistance training (RT) is the only non-pharmacological intervention known to consistently improve, and therefore offset age-related declines in, skeletal muscle mass, strength, and power. RT is also associated with various health benefits that are underappreciated compared with the perceived benefits of aerobic-based exercise. For example, RT participation is associated with reduced all-cause and cancer-related mortality and reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and symptoms of both anxiety and depression. Despite these benefits, participation in RT remains low, likely due to numerous factors including time constraints, a high-perceived difficulty, and limited access to facilities and equipment. Identification of RT strategies that limit barriers to participation may increase engagement in RT and subsequently improve population health outcomes. Across the lifespan, declines in strength and power occur up to eight times faster than the loss of muscle mass, and are more strongly associated with functional impairments and risks of morbidity and mortality. Strategies to maximise healthspan should therefore arguably focus more on improving or maintaining muscle strength and power than on increasing muscle mass per se. Accumulating evidence suggests that minimal doses of RT, characterised by lower session volumes than in traditional RT guidelines, together with either (1) higher training intensities/loads performed at lower frequencies (i.e. low-volume, high-load RT) or (2) lower training intensities/loads performed at higher frequencies and with minimal-to-no equipment (i.e. resistance 'exercise snacking'), can improve strength and functional ability in younger and older adults. Such minimal-dose approaches to RT have the potential to minimise various barriers to participation, and may have positive implications for the feasibility and scalability of RT. In addition, brief but frequent minimal-dose RT approaches (i.e. resistance 'exercise snacking') may provide additional benefits for interrupting sedentary behaviour patterns associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. Compared to traditional approaches, minimal-dose RT may also limit negative affective responses, such as increased discomfort and lowered enjoyment, both of which are associated with higher training volumes and may negatively influence exercise adherence. A number of practical factors, including the selection of exercises that target major muscle groups and challenge both balance and the stabilising musculature, may influence the effectiveness of minimal-dose RT on outcomes such as improved independence and quality-of-life in older adults. This narrative review aims to summarise the evidence for minimal-dose RT as a strategy for preserving muscle strength and functional ability across the lifespan, and to discuss practical models and considerations for the application of minimal-dose RT approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson J Fyfe
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - D Lee Hamilton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Luttenberger K, Karg-Hefner N, Berking M, Kind L, Weiss M, Kornhuber J, Dorscht L. Bouldering psychotherapy is not inferior to cognitive behavioural therapy in the group treatment of depression: A randomized controlled trial. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 61:465-493. [PMID: 34791669 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bouldering has shown promising results in the treatment of various health problems. In previous research, bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) was shown to be superior to a waitlist control group and to physical exercise with regard to reducing symptoms of depression. The primary aim of this study was to compare group BPT with group cognitive behavioural psychotherapy (CBT) to test the hypothesis that BPT would be equally as effective as CBT. DESIGN We conducted a randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded non-inferiority trial in which 156 outpatients meeting the criteria of a depressive episode according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) were randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups (CBT: N = 77, BPT: N = 79). METHODS Intervention groups were manualized and treated for 10 weeks with a maximum of 11 participants and two therapists. The primary outcome was depressive symptom severity assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Patient Health questionnaire (PHQ-9) at the beginning and end of the treatment phase as well as one year after the end of treatment. RESULT In both groups, depressive symptoms improved significantly by an average of one severity level, moving from moderate to mild depressive symptoms after therapy (MADRS difference scores: BPT -8.06, 95% CI [-10.85, -5.27], p < .001; CBT -5.99, 95% CI [-8.55, -3.44], p < .001). The non-inferiority of BPT in comparison with CBT was established on the basis of the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval falling above all of the predefined margins. BPT was found to be effective in both the short (d = 0.89) and long term (d = 1.15). CONCLUSION Group BPT was found to be equally as effective as group CBT. Positive effects were maintained until at least 12 months after the end of therapy. Thus, BPT is a promising approach for broadening the therapeutic field of therapies for depression. PRACTITIONER POINTS Physical activity is effective in the treatment of depression and current guidelines explicitly recommend it as a complementary method for the treatment of depression. Nevertheless, body-related interventions are still underrepresented in current treatments for depression. Bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) combines physical activity with psychotherapeutic content. Its concept relies on proven effective factors from CBT such as exposure training, problem solving and practicing new functional behaviours and is thus an enrichment and implementation of CBT methods on the bouldering wall. The positive effect of group bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) in reducing depressive symptoms in outpatients with depression is not inferior to the effect of group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Additionally the 10-weeks BPT-programme significantly improved symptoms of anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity as well as health-related quality of life, coping, body image, self-efficacy, and global self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Luttenberger
- Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Nina Karg-Hefner
- Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Matthias Berking
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Leona Kind
- Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Maren Weiss
- Department of Psychological Diagnostics, Methodology and Legal Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Lisa Dorscht
- Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
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Souza D, Pessoni A, Barbosa de Lira CA, Vancini RL, Ramírez-Vélez R, Gentil P. Supervised home-based resistance training for managing idiopathic peripheral polyneuropathy - A case report. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 28:126-130. [PMID: 34776129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This case report aimed to investigate the effects of supervised home-based resistance training (RT) on functional capacity and mental health on a man with idiopathic peripheral polyneuropathy (PP). METHOD A 50-year-old man diagnosed with PP with no previous experience in RT performed 24 session of home-based RT for 12 weeks. Resistance training consisted of 3 exercises performed with 3 sets and lasted approximately 30 min per session. Exercises were performed with minimal implements (e.g., elastic tubes and light dumbbells). The Patient was evaluated for muscle performance, functionality, anxiety levels, and depressive symptoms before and after intervention period. Muscle performance was evaluated though 30-s push up test (PU30), functional capacity was evaluated through functional tests [sit to stand test (SST), arm curl (AC), and 2-min step test (2-MST)] and anxiety levels and depressive symptoms were evaluated through the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck's depression inventory (BDI), respectively. RESULTS After 12 weeks, the performance on PU30 increased 40% (from 8 to 11 repetitions), while the performance on SST, AC and 2-MST increased 100% (from 4 to 8 repetitions), 44% (from 16 to 23 repetitions) and 157% (from 47 to 121 repetitions), respectively. Anxiety state and trait levels have been reduced 24% (from 42 to 32 scores) and 4% (from 47 to 45 scores), respectively. There was no change for BDI. CONCLUSION Supervised home-based RT using low cost and affordable equipment was a feasible strategy to provide functional capacity and mental health benefits in a patient with PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Souza
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
| | - Alana Pessoni
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Physical Education and Sport Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarra (UPNA)-Navarra Hospital Complex (CHN), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil; Hypertension League Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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136
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Resistance training in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1665-1682. [PMID: 34542742 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic training (AT) has been the primary mode of exercise training in cardiac rehabilitation. Historically, the reason for the prescription of AT was that it was speculated that although RT may be beneficial for some clinical outcomes, it may have an adverse effect on ventricular structure and function. However, RT has now made its way into current cardiac rehabilitation guidelines, including those directed towards patients with HF, albeit differences exist across institutions and guidelines. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Trials Register on April 30, 2021, was conducted for exercise-based rehabilitation trials in HF. Randomised and controlled trials that reported on resistance training versus usual care or trials that directly compared RT to an AT intervention were included. Resistance training versus controls improves parameters of lower (SMD 0.76 (95%CI 0.26, 1.25, p = 0.003] and upper extremity muscle strength (SMD 0.85 (95%CI 0.35, 1.35), p = 0.0009], both key parameters of physical function throughout the lifespan. Importantly, RT in isolation, versus control, improves VO2peak [MD: 2.64 ml/kg/min (95%CI 1.67, 3.60), p < 0.00001] and 6MWD [MD: 49.94 m (95%CI 34.59, 65.29), p < 0.00001], without any detrimental effect on left ventricular parameters. Resistance training in HF patients is safe and improves parameters of physical function and quality of life. Where people with HF are unable to, or are not inclined to, partake in aerobic activity, RT alone is appropriate to elicit meaningful benefit.
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García-Garcés L, Lacamara Cano S, Cebolla Meliá Y, Sánchez-López MI, Marqués Azcona D, Lisón JF, Peyró-Gregori L. Comparison of three different exercise training modalities (aerobic, strength and mixed) in patients with schizophrenia: study protocol for a multicentre randomised wait-list controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046216. [PMID: 34535474 PMCID: PMC8451286 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies support the practice of different physical exercise modalities as an effective treatment to address the problems associated with schizophrenia, reporting that they result in improvements in patient symptoms and quality of life. Given the lack of studies comparing different types of training in controlled environments, the aim of this proposed study will be to compare the effects of three physical exercise programmes (strength, aerobic and mixed) on the symptoms, body composition, level of physical activity and health-related quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A multicentre, single-blinded (evaluator), randomised, wait-list controlled (ratio 2:2:2:1) trial will be conducted with 105 patients recruited from different psychosocial care centres. The participants will be randomised into three 16-week training groups comprising 48 sessions lasting 1 hour each, or to the wait-list control group. The training groups will complete aerobic, strength or mixed (aerobic+strength) training. The participants will be assessed before, immediately after and 6 months after the end of the intervention. The patients in the wait-list control group (n=15) will receive one of the three trainings immediately after the intervention. The study variables will include positive, negative and general symptomology (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) as the primary outcome; as secondary outcome: body composition (by assessing body mass index, body fat mass and waist circumference), physical activity levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form) and quality of life (abbreviated WHO Quality of Life questionnaire). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the ethics committees for Biomedical Research at the CEU Cardenal Herrera University of Valencia, Spain (CEI18/215). Participants will be fully informed of the purpose and procedures of the study, and written informed consent will be obtained. The results from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented in scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04987151.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Garcés
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU,CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - María I Sánchez-López
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU,CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Marqués Azcona
- Vice Presidency and Ministry of Equality and Inclusive Policies, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Lisón
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU,CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
- Centre of Networked Biomedical Research in the Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Loreto Peyró-Gregori
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU,CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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Nakamura-Taira N, Horikawa N, Oka F, Igarashi Y, Kobayashi S, Kato S, Enomoto T, Kimura H, Watanabe Y, Kumada T, Matsuyama K, Matsuoka N, Yoshimasu H. Quasi-cluster randomized trial of a six-month low-intensity group-based resistance exercise for hemodialysis patients on depression and cognitive function: a 12-month follow-up. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:741-760. [PMID: 34484975 PMCID: PMC8409964 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1966302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of a six-month group-based low-intensity resistance exercise program on depression and the cognitive function of hemodialysis patients. Method We conducted a quasi-cluster randomized, open-label controlled study from October 2017 to December 2018. Forty-two patients undergoing hemodialysis completed the trial over six months; half participated in the resistance exercise group (n = 21, mean = 74.90 years of age, SD = 2.23, 66.67% female) and the other half were in a stretching control group (n = 21, mean = 72.57 years of age, SD = 2.26, 28.57% female). Depressive symptoms and cognitive function were the primary outcome measures. Behavioral and psychological problems associated with cognitive decline (NPI-Q), subjective insomnia, and exercise self-efficacy were secondary outcomes. Outcomes were measured at baseline, three-month (mid-intervention), six-month (end of intervention), and 12-month (six months after intervention) follow-ups. Linear mixed model analyses were used to determine short-term (immediately after intervention) and long-term (six months after intervention) effects. Results In depression, cognitive function, and the NPI-Q, there were no significant effects. In subjective insomnia, a short-term group-by-time interaction in the intervention group compared to the control group was found (ES = .43). However, the effect had disappeared by the 12-month follow-up. In exercise self-efficacy, short- and long-term group-by-time interactions were found. A significant short-term increase in the resistance exercise and a significant decrease in the stretching control was observed (ES = -.83). However, the effect was weakened in the long term (ES = -.38). Conclusion The results showed that low-intensity group resistance exercise would reduce subjective insomnia and improve exercise self-efficacy, but the effect was not maintained by six months after the program. Trial registration: This study was registered on the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000029372). Trial registration:UMIN Japan identifier: UMIN000029372.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Nakamura-Taira
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoshi Horikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumie Oka
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, UT, USA, UT, USA
| | - Yuri Igarashi
- Department of Psychological Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kobayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shingo Kato
- Yanagihara Rehabilitation Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haruo Yoshimasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Kornhuber J, Gulbins E. New Molecular Targets for Antidepressant Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:894. [PMID: 34577594 PMCID: PMC8472072 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and severe mental disorder that is usually recurrent and has a high risk of suicide. This disorder manifests not only with psychological symptoms but also multiple changes throughout the body, including increased risks of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Peripheral markers of oxidative stress and inflammation are elevated. MDD is therefore best described as a multisystem whole-body disease. Pharmacological treatment with antidepressants usually requires several weeks before the desired effects manifest. Previous theories of depression, such as the monoamine or neurogenesis hypotheses, do not explain these characteristics well. In recent years, new mechanisms of action have been discovered for long-standing antidepressants that also shed new light on depression, including the sphingolipid system and the receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany;
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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140
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Dotson VM, Gradone AM, Bogoian HR, Minto LR, Taiwo Z, Salling ZN. Be Fit, Be Sharp, Be Well: The Case for Exercise as a Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Late-life Depression. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:776-789. [PMID: 34154693 PMCID: PMC10436256 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To lay out the argument that exercise impacts neurobiological targets common to both mood and cognitive functioning, and thus more research should be conducted on its use as an alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in late-life depression (LLD). METHOD This narrative review summarizes the literature on cognitive impairment in LLD, describes the structural and functional brain changes and neurochemical changes that are linked to both cognitive impairment and mood disruption, and explains how exercise targets these same neurobiological changes and can thus provide an alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in LLD. RESULTS Cognitive impairment is common in LLD and predicts recurrence of depression, poor response to antidepressant treatment, and overall disability. Traditional depression treatment with medication, psychotherapy, or both, is not effective in fully reversing cognitive impairment for most depressed older adults. Physical exercise is an ideal treatment candidate based on evidence that it 1) is an effective treatment for depression, 2) enhances cognitive functioning in normal aging and in other patient populations, and 3) targets many of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie mood and cognitive functioning. Results of the limited existing clinical trials of exercise for cognitive impairment in depression are mixed but overall support this contention. CONCLUSIONS Although limited, existing evidence suggests exercise may be a viable alternative or adjunctive treatment to address cognitive impairment in LLD, and thus more research in this area is warranted. Moving forward, additional research is needed in large, diverse samples to translate the growing research findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vonetta M. Dotson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University
| | | | | | - Lex R. Minto
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
| | - Zinat Taiwo
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
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Comparative effectiveness of exercise programs for psychological well-being in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1023-1032. [PMID: 34416624 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The benefits of exercise are well established for psychological well-being, but it is unknown whether one type of exercise can be recommended over another for psychological well-being in knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different types of exercise on psychological well-being in people with knee OA. METHODS Five databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL and PEDro) were searched from inception until April 2021. Randomised controlled trials comparing the effect of exercise with a non-exercise control or another type of exercise on overall mental health, depressive symptoms or anxiety in people with knee OA. Trial data were extracted independently by two researchers. Network meta-analyses using random-effect models were conducted. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework was used to appraise evidence certainty. RESULTS Strengthening exercise was more beneficial for overall mental health on the Short Form survey compared to aerobic (mean difference 15.88, 95%CI [6.77, 24.99]), mixed (12.77, 95%CI [5.12, 20.42]) and mind-body (12.51, [4.25, 20.77]) exercise based on 13 trials (n = 796). Strengthening exercise (standardised mean difference 6.81, [5.03, 8.58]), and mixed exercise (6.64, [4.88, 8.40]),) were more beneficial for depressive symptoms than stretching exercise based on 6 trials (n = 627). No differences were observed for anxiety based on 4 trials (n = 557). Certainty of the evidence ranged from very low to low. CONCLUSION The available evidence supports the recommendation of strengthening exercise as the most beneficial for overall mental health, and strengthening exercise or mixed exercise over stretching exercise for depressive symptoms. No exercise recommendations can be made for anxiety.
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142
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Oh JW, Park JY, Lee S. Association between exercise variations and depressive symptoms among precarious employees in South Korea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15952. [PMID: 34354166 PMCID: PMC8342533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Research regarding the association between depression and exercise has been limited regarding precariously employed individuals. The current study investigated the association between exercise variations and depressive symptoms among precarious employees in South Korea. Data from the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were analyzed. In total, 13,080 participants aged ≥ 19 years responded to the survey. The Korean version of the PHQ-9 was utilized in addition to questions assessing regular exercise. Precariously employed men engaging in two or more variations of exercise each week were significantly less likely to report depressive symptoms (adjusted (OR): 0.78; 95% CI 0.62-0.97; p = 0.025), and the likelihood of depression was also lower for women who engaged in one or more forms of exercise (adjusted OR: 0.82; 95% CI 0.71-0.94; p = 0.006). These findings support the association between depression and exercise and suggest that greater variations in regular exercise are associated with a reduction in depression for men whereas any form of exercise reduces the risk of depression in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea.,Mind Health Clinic, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea. .,Mind Health Clinic, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea. .,Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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143
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Uchida MC, Picca A, Bernabei R, Landi F, Calvani R, Cesari M, Marzetti E. Evidence-based recommendations for resistance and power training to prevent frailty in community-dwellers. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2069-2086. [PMID: 33587271 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is a reversible state of reduced resilience to stressful events resulting from a multisystem impairment of the human body. As frailty progresses, people become more vulnerable to numerous adverse events, including falls and fractures, cognitive decline, disability, hospitalization, nursing home placement, and death. As such, substantial health care costs are associated with frailty. These features have led to the recognition of frailty as a public health problem. The identification of strategies for the management of frailty has, therefore, become a topic of extensive instigation. In this context, resistance (RT) and power training (PT) have received considerable attention, and experts in the field have recently suggested that both training modalities may improve frailty-related parameters. However, most studies have only included robust people and investigated frailty as a secondary outcome, so that current literature only allows RT and PT preventive programs against frailty to be designed. Here, we provide evidence-based critical recommendations for the prescription of RT and PT programs against incident frailty in community-dwellers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970, Brazil.
- Rehabilitation Unit, Lar Mãe Mariana Nursing Home, Poá, Brazil.
| | - Marco Carlos Uchida
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Anna Picca
- Department of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. L.Go F, Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bernabei
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. L.Go F, Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. L.Go F, Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istutiti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. L.Go F, Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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Learmonth YC, Pilutti LA, Herring MP, Motl RW, Chan B, Metse AP. Safety of exercise training in multiple sclerosis: a protocol for an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2021; 10:208. [PMID: 34284811 PMCID: PMC8293520 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been an exponential growth in the number of clinical research studies regarding exercise training in multiple sclerosis, and literature reviews and meta-analyses have documented the many benefits of exercise training. This research further requires careful review for documenting the safety of exercise training in multiple sclerosis, as clarity on safety represents a major hurdle in the clinical prescription of exercise behaviour. OBJECTIVES To enhance understanding of the feasibility of exercise in multiple sclerosis, we (1) provide a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis that summarises rates and risks of clinical relapse, adverse events (i.e., an unfavourable outcome that occurs during the intervention delivery time period), and serious adverse events (i.e., an untoward occurrence that results in death or is life threatening, requires hospitalisation, or results in disability during the intervention delivery time period), as well as retention, adherence, and compliance, from randomised controlled trials of exercise training in persons with multiple sclerosis; and (2) identify moderators of relapse, adverse events, and serious adverse event rates. METHODS Eight field-relevant databases will be searched electronically. Studies that involve a randomised controlled trial of exercise training (with non-exercise, non-pharmacological, comparator), report on safety outcomes, and include adults with multiple sclerosis will be included. Rates and relative risks of the three primary outcomes (relapse, adverse event, and serious adverse event) will be calculated and reported each with standard error and 95% confidence interval. Random-effects meta-analysis will estimate mean population relative risk for outcomes. Potential sources of variability, including participant characteristics, features of the exercise stimulus, and comparison condition, will be examined with random-effects meta-regression with maximum likelihood estimation. DISCUSSION The results from this systematic review and meta-analysis will inform and guide healthcare practitioners, researchers, and policymakers on the safety of exercise training in persons with multiple sclerosis. Where possible, we will identify the impact of exercise type, exercise delivery style, participant disability level, and the prescription of exercise guidelines, on the safety of exercise training. The result will identify critical information on the safety of exercise in persons with multiple sclerosis, while also identifying gaps in research and setting priorities for future enquiries. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020190544.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Learmonth
- Discipline of Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia. .,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia. .,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia. .,Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
| | - L A Pilutti
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M P Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - R W Motl
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - B Chan
- University Library, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - A P Metse
- Discipline of Libraries, Archives, Records & Information Science, School of Media, Creative Arts & Social Inquiry, Faculty of Humanities, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Discipline of Psychology, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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145
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Zhang D, Pettee Gabriel K, Sidney S, Sternfeld B, Jacobs Jr D, Whitaker KM. Longitudinal bidirectional associations of physical activity and depressive symptoms: The CARDIA study. Prev Med Rep 2021; 23:101489. [PMID: 34336558 PMCID: PMC8318903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant inverse bidirectional associations were found between self-reported MVPA and depressive symptoms. No associations were observed between accelerometer MVPA estimates and depressive symptoms. Both self-reported and accelerometer-estimated MVPA are valid, but may capture different aspects of the activity profile.
Depression affects many aspects of health and may be attenuated through increases in physical activity. While bidirectional associations between physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms have been examined, few studies have examined these associations using both self-reported and accelerometer-estimated measures. Using data from Years 20 (2005–06, age 38–50) and 30 of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study (N = 2,871), the bidirectional associations between moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and depressive symptoms were examined using a cross-lagged panel model. Differences in the observed associations by physical activity assessment method were also examined. An inverse bidirectional association between self-reported MVPA and depressive symptoms was found. In subsequent analyses stratified by intensity category, higher levels of vigorous intensity physical activity at baseline, but not moderate intensity physical activity were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms at the 10-year follow-up (ϕ = −0.04, p < 0.01; ϕ = −0.03, p = 0.15, respectively). A 10-year increase in self-reported MVPA was associated with a 10-year decrease in depressive symptoms. No associations were observed between accelerometer MVPA estimates and depressive symptoms. These findings may support the notion that each assessment method captures related, but also unique, aspects of physical activity behavior. When possible, future studies should explore measures of association by each physical activity assessment method to gain a better understanding of the complex relationship between physical activity and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 521 Jack Stephens Drive #350, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
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Shakespear-Druery J, De Cocker K, Biddle SJH, Gavilán-Carrera B, Segura-Jiménez V, Bennie J. Assessment of muscle-strengthening exercise in public health surveillance for adults: A systematic review. Prev Med 2021; 148:106566. [PMID: 33878352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is strong scientific evidence that muscle-strengthening exercise (i.e. use of weight machines, push-ups, sit-ups) is independently associated with a reduced risk of multiple chronic diseases (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease). However, prevalence rates for meeting the muscle-strengthening exercise guideline (≥2 times/week) are significantly lower (~20%) than those reported to meet the aerobic physical activity guideline (e.g. walking, jogging, cycling) (~50%). It is therefore important to understand public health surveillance approaches to assess muscle-strengthening exercise. The aim of this review was to describe muscle-strengthening exercise assessment in public health surveillance. Informed by the PRISMA guidelines, an extensive keyword search was undertaken across 7 electronic data bases. We identified 86,672 possible articles and following screening (n = 1140 in full-text) against specific inclusion criteria (adults aged ≥18 years, English, studies containing <1000 participants), extracted data from 156 manuscripts. Fifty-eight different survey systems were identified across 17 countries. Muscle-strengthening exercise frequency (85.3%), duration (23.7%) and intensity (1.3%) were recorded. Muscle-strengthening exercise questions varied significantly, with some (11.5%) requiring a singular 'yes' vs 'no' response, while others (7.7%) sought specific details (e.g. muscle groups targeted). Assessments of duration and intensity were inconsistent. Very few studies measured the validity (0.6%) and reliability (1.3%) of muscle-strengthening exercise questions. Discrepancy exists within the current assessment systems/surveys used to assess muscle-strengthening exercise in public health surveillance. This is likely to impede efforts to identify at risk groups and trends within physical activity surveillance, and to accurately assess associations between muscle-strengthening exercise and health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Shakespear-Druery
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, 37 Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia.
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, 37 Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia; Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, 37 Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
| | - Blanca Gavilán-Carrera
- Physical Activity for Health Promotion Research Group (PA-HELP), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Víctor Segura-Jiménez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Jason Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, 37 Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
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147
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Moghadam BH, Bagheri R, Roozbeh B, Ashtary-Larky D, Gaeini AA, Dutheil F, Wong A. Impact of saffron (Crocus Sativus Linn) supplementation and resistance training on markers implicated in depression and happiness levels in untrained young males. Physiol Behav 2021; 233:113352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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148
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Oakey-Frost N, Trachik B, Ganulin ML, LoPresti ML, Dretsch MN, Tucker RP. Indirect effects of soldier healthy eating and physical activity on suicidal ideation through psychological health symptoms in active-duty military. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1902180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Oakey-Frost
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Benjamin Trachik
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Michelle L. Ganulin
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Mathew L. LoPresti
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Michael N. Dretsch
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Raymond P. Tucker
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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149
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Duncan MJ, Rayward AT, Holliday EG, Brown WJ, Vandelanotte C, Murawski B, Plotnikoff RC. Effect of a physical activity and sleep m-health intervention on a composite activity-sleep behaviour score and mental health: a mediation analysis of two randomised controlled trials. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:45. [PMID: 33766051 PMCID: PMC7992852 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine if a composite activity-sleep behaviour index (ASI) mediates the effects of a combined physical activity and sleep intervention on symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress, quality of life (QOL), energy and fatigue in adults. METHODS This analysis used data pooled from two studies: Synergy and Refresh. Synergy: Physically inactive adults (18-65 years) who reported poor sleep quality were recruited for a two-arm Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) (Physical Activity and Sleep Health (PAS; n = 80), or Wait-list Control (CON; n = 80) groups). Refresh: Physically inactive adults (40-65 years) who reported poor sleep quality were recruited for a three-arm RCT (PAS (n = 110), Sleep Health-Only (SO; n = 110) or CON (n = 55) groups). The SO group was omitted from this study. The PAS groups received a pedometer, and accessed a smartphone/tablet "app" using behaviour change strategies (e.g., self-monitoring, goal setting, action planning), with additional email/SMS support. The ASI score comprised self-reported moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, resistance training, sitting time, sleep duration, efficiency, quality and timing. Outcomes were assessed using DASS-21 (depression, anxiety, stress), SF-12 (QOL-physical, QOL-mental) and SF-36 (Energy & Fatigue). Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 months (primary time-point), and 6 months. Mediation effects were examined using Structural Equation Modelling and the product of coefficients approach (AB), with significance set at 0.05. RESULTS At 3 months there were no direct intervention effects on mental health, QOL or energy and fatigue (all p > 0.05), and the intervention significantly improved the ASI (all p < 0.05). A more favourable ASI score was associated with improved symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, QOL-mental and of energy and fatigue (all p < 0.05). The intervention effects on symptoms of depression ([AB; 95%CI] -0.31; - 0.60,-0.11), anxiety (- 0.11; - 0.27,-0.01), stress (- 0.37; - 0.65,-0.174), QOL-mental (0.53; 0.22, 1.01) and ratings of energy and fatigue (0.85; 0.33, 1.63) were mediated by ASI. At 6 months the magnitude of association was larger although the overall pattern of results remained similar. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in the overall physical activity and sleep behaviours of adults partially mediated the intervention effects on mental health and quality of life outcomes. This highlights the potential benefit of improving the overall pattern of physical activity and sleep on these outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12617000680369 ; ACTRN12617000376347 . Universal Trial number: U1111-1194-2680; U1111-1186-6588. Human Research Ethics Committee Approval: H-2016-0267; H-2016-0181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch J Duncan
- School of Medicine & Public Health; Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. .,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Anna T Rayward
- School of Medicine & Public Health; Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- School of Medicine & Public Health; Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, School for Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Beatrice Murawski
- School of Medicine & Public Health; Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- School of Medicine & Public Health; Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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150
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Pizzoli SFM, Marzorati C, Gatti D, Monzani D, Mazzocco K, Pravettoni G. A meta-analysis on heart rate variability biofeedback and depressive symptoms. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6650. [PMID: 33758260 PMCID: PMC7988005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) has been used for a number of years to treat depressive symptoms, a common mental health issue, which is often comorbid with other psychopathological and medical conditions. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to test whether and to what extent HRVB is effective in reducing depressive symptoms in adult patients. We conducted a literature search on Pubmed, ProQuest, Ovid PsycInfo, and Embase up to October 2020, and identified 721 studies. Fourteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Three meta-regressions were also performed to further test whether publication year, the questionnaire used to assess depressive symptoms, or the interval of time between T0 and T1 moderated the effect of HRVB. Overall, we analysed 14 RCTs with a total of 794 participants. The random effect analysis yielded a medium mean effect size g = 0.38 [95% CI = 0.16, 0.60; 95% PI = - 0.19, 0.96], z = 3.44, p = 0.0006. The total heterogeneity was significant, QT = 23.49, p = 0.03, I2 = 45%, which suggested a moderate variance among the included studies. The year of publication (χ2(1) = 4.08, p = 0.04) and the questionnaire used to assess symptoms (χ2(4) = 12.65, p = 0.01) significantly moderated the effect of the interventions and reduced heterogeneity. Overall, results showed that HRVB improves depressive symptoms in several psychophysiological conditions in adult samples and should be considered as a valid technique to increase psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia F M Pizzoli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy.
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IEO, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Marzorati
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IEO, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Gatti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dario Monzani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IEO, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IEO, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IEO, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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