101
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Fu J, Fong PWK, Liu H, Huang CS, Lu X, Lu S, Abdelsamie M, Kodalle T, Sutter-Fella CM, Yang Y, Li G. 19.31% binary organic solar cell and low non-radiative recombination enabled by non-monotonic intermediate state transition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1760. [PMID: 36997533 PMCID: PMC10063688 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-fullerene acceptors based organic solar cells represent the frontier of the field, owing to both the materials and morphology manipulation innovations. Non-radiative recombination loss suppression and performance boosting are in the center of organic solar cell research. Here, we developed a non-monotonic intermediate state manipulation strategy for state-of-the-art organic solar cells by employing 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene as crystallization regulator, which optimizes the film crystallization process, regulates the self-organization of bulk-heterojunction in a non-monotonic manner, i.e., first enhancing and then relaxing the molecular aggregation. As a result, the excessive aggregation of non-fullerene acceptors is avoided and we have achieved efficient organic solar cells with reduced non-radiative recombination loss. In PM6:BTP-eC9 organic solar cell, our strategy successfully offers a record binary organic solar cell efficiency of 19.31% (18.93% certified) with very low non-radiative recombination loss of 0.190 eV. And lower non-radiative recombination loss of 0.168 eV is further achieved in PM1:BTP-eC9 organic solar cell (19.10% efficiency), giving great promise to future organic solar cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehao Fu
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Patrick W K Fong
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chieh-Szu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shirong Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Maged Abdelsamie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tim Kodalle
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | | | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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102
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Gao Y, Yang X, Wang W, Sun R, Cui J, Fu Y, Li K, Zhang M, Liu C, Zhu H, Lu X, Min J. High-Performance Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells Enabled by a Symmetric-Asymmetric Alloy Acceptor with a Broad Composition Tolerance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300531. [PMID: 36989324 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Using a combinatory blending strategy is demonstrated as a promising path for designing efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) by boosting the short-circuit current density and fill factor. Herein, a high-performance ternary all-small molecule OSC (all-SMOSCs) using a narrow-bandgap alloy acceptor containing symmetric and asymmetric molecules (BTP-eC9 and SSe-NIC) and a wide-bandgap small molecule donor MPhS-C2 is reported. Introducing the synthesized SSe-NIC into the MPhS-C2:BTP-eC9 host system can broaden the absorption spectrum, modulate energy offsets, and optimize the molecular packing of the host materials. After systematically optimizing the weight ratio of MPhS-C2:BTP-eC9:SSe-NIC, a champion efficiency of 18.02% is achieved. Impressively, the ternary system not only delivered a broad composition tolerance with device efficiencies over 17% throughout the whole blend ratios, but also exhibited less non-geminate recombination and energy loss, and better-light-soaking stability than the corresponding binary systems. This work promotes the development of high-performance ternary all-SMOSCs and heralds their brighter application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jiting Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yuang Fu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Skate Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures (SMART), Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Meimei Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Skate Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures (SMART), Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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103
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Zhou Y, Gan X, Shi F, Guo P, Miao W, Liang J, Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang C, Xia Y. Modulation of Dielectric Constant and Photovoltaic Properties of 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole‐based Alternating Copolymers by Adding Fluorine Atoms to the Backbone of Polymers. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Xuemei Gan
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Furong Shi
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Pengzhi Guo
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Wentao Miao
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Junhong Liang
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Yangjun Xia
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
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104
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Shi F, Guo P, Qiao X, Yao G, Zhang T, Lu Q, Wang Q, Wang X, Rikhsibaev J, Wang E, Zhang C, Kwon YW, Woo HY, Wu H, Hou J, Ma D, Armin A, Ma Y, Xia Y. A Nitroxide Radical Conjugated Polymer as an Additive to Reduce Nonradiative Energy Loss in Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2212084. [PMID: 36924360 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonfullerene-acceptor-based organic solar cells (NFA-OSCs) are now set off to the 20% power conversion efficiency milestone. To achieve this, minimizing all loss channels, including nonradiative photovoltage losses, seems a necessity. Nonradiative recombination, to a great extent, is known to be an inherent material property due to vibrationally induced decay of charge-transfer (CT) states or their back electron transfer to the triplet excitons. Herein, it is shown that the use of a new conjugated nitroxide radical polymer with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-1-oxyl side groups (GDTA) as an additive results in an improvement of the photovoltaic performance of NFA-OSCs based on different active layer materials. Upon the addition of GDTA, the open-circuit voltage (VOC ), fill factor (FF), and short-circuit current density (JSC ) improve simultaneously. This approach is applied to several material systems including state-of-the-art donor/acceptor pairs showing improvement from 15.8% to 17.6% (in the case of PM6:Y6) and from 17.5% to 18.3% (for PM6:BTP-eC9). Then, the possible reasons behind the observed improvements are discussed. The results point toward the suppression of the CT state to triplet excitons loss channel. This work presents a facile, promising, and generic approach to further improve the performance of NFA-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Shi
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Pengzhi Guo
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Centre, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guo Yao
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qi Lu
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jasurbek Rikhsibaev
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Young-Wan Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dongge Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ardalan Armin
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yangjun Xia
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Centre of Gansu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
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105
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Cui Y, Chen Z, Zhu P, Ma W, Zhu H, Liao X, Chen Y. Enhancing photostability and power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells by a “sunscreen” ternary strategy. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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106
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Shi S, Zhang S, Xue Z, Yao X, Zhang G, Gao J, Li Y, Tu X, Zhang S, Zhang C, Liu Z, Tang Z, Zhong H, Li W, Fei Z. Near-Infrared Acceptors with Imide-Containing End Groups for Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12119-12126. [PMID: 36821101 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared electron acceptors for organic solar cells (OSCs) mostly contain electron-withdrawing 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC) end groups, which can be modified by but limited to phenyl, thienyl, and naphthyl units with halogenated, methyl, and methyloxy substitution. In this work, we employed an imide-containing unit to construct a new IC end group, based on which a series of new electron acceptors were synthesized. The strong electron-deficient nature of imide units enables the new acceptors to show efficient intramolecular charge transfer and hence red-shifted absorption spectra compared to their IC counterparts. These new electron acceptors were applied to OSCs, providing efficiencies of over 17% with a low voltage loss of 0.52 eV. These results demonstrate that the new imide-containing end groups are promising fragments for the construction of near-infrared electron acceptors for high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Shi
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Yao
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Guangcong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Gao
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yanru Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xueyang Tu
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhuping Fei
- Institute of Molecular Plus and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
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107
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Wang T, Chen ZH, Qiao JW, Qin W, Liu JQ, Wang XZ, Pu YJ, Yin H, Hao XT. Correlating Charge Transfer Dynamics with Interfacial Trap States in High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12109-12118. [PMID: 36813758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The charge transfer between the donor and acceptor determines the photogenerated carrier density in organic solar cells. However, a fundamental understanding regarding the charge transfer at donor/acceptor interfaces with high-density traps has not been fully addressed. Herein, a general correlation between trap densities and charge transfer dynamics is established by adopting a series of high-efficiency organic photovoltaic blends. It is found that the electron transfer rates are reduced with increased trap densities, while the hole transfer rates are independent of trap states. The local charges captured by traps can induce potential barrier formation around recombination centers, leading to the suppression of electron transfer. For the hole transfer process, the thermal energy provides a sufficient driving force, which ensures an efficient transfer rate. As a result, a 17.18% efficiency is obtained for PM6:BTP-eC9-based devices with the lowest interfacial trap densities. This work highlights the importance of interfacial traps in charge transfer processes and proposes an underlying insight into the charge transfer mechanism at nonideal interfaces in organic heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Wei Qiao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Liu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xing-Zhu Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Jin Pu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS)2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
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108
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Thachoth Chandran H, Tang H, Liu T, Mahadevan S, Liu K, Lu Z, Huang J, Ren Z, Liao F, Chai Y, Fong PW, Tsang SW, Lu S, Li G. Architecturally simple organic photodiodes with highly competitive figures of merit via a facile self-assembly strategy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:918-927. [PMID: 36546551 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01164f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photodetectors (PDs) based on organic materials exhibit potential advantages such as low-temperature processing, and superior mechanical properties and form factors. They have seen rapid strides toward achieving performance metrics comparable to inorganic counterparts. Here, a simplified device architecture is employed to realize stable and high-performance organic PDs (OPDs) while further easing the device fabrication process. In contrast to the sequential deposition of the hole blocking layer (HBL) and active layer (conventional 'two-step' processing), the proposed strategy forms a self-assembled HBL and active layer in a 'single-step' process. A high-performance UV-Vis-NIR OPD based on the PM6:BTP-eC9 system is demonstrated using this cost-effective processing strategy. The green solvent processed proof-of-concept device exhibits remarkable responsivity of ∼0.5 A W-1, lower noise current than conventional two-step OPD, ultrafast rise/fall times of 1.4/1.6 μs (comparable to commercial silicon diode), and a broad linear dynamic range of 140 dB. Importantly, highly stable (light and heat) devices compared to those processed by the conventional method are realized. The broad application potential of this elegant strategy is proven by demonstrating the concept in three representative systems with broadband sensing competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrisheekesh Thachoth Chandran
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
- Thin-film Solar Technology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
| | - Taili Liu
- College of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Sudhi Mahadevan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiwei Ren
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| | - Fuyou Liao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Patrick Wk Fong
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Shirong Lu
- Thin-film Solar Technology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
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109
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Han C, Wang J, Zhang S, Chen L, Bi F, Wang J, Yang C, Wang P, Li Y, Bao X. Over 19% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells by Regulating Multidimensional Intermolecular Interactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208986. [PMID: 36524973 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Research on organic solar cells (OSCs) has progressed through material innovation and device engineering. However, well-known and ubiquitous intermolecular interactions, and particularly their synergistic effects, have received little attention. Herein, the complicated relationship between photovoltaic conversion and multidimensional intermolecular interactions in the active layers is investigated. These interactions are dually regulated by side-chain isomerization and end-cap engineering of the acceptors. The phenylalkyl featured acceptors (LA-series) exhibit stronger crystallinity with preferential face-on interactions relative to the alkylphenyl attached isomers (ITIC-series). In addition, the PM6 and LA-series acceptors exhibit moderate donor/acceptor interactions compared to those of the strongly interacting PM6/ITIC-series pairs, which helps to enhance phase separation and charge transport. Consequently, the output efficiencies of all LA series acceptors are over 14%. Moreover, LA-series acceptors show appropriate compatibility, host/guest interactions, and crystallinity relationships with BTP-eC9, thereby leading to uniform and well-organized "alloy-like" mixed phases. In particular, the highly crystalline LA23 further optimizes multiple interactions and ternary microstructures, which results in a high efficiency of 19.12%. Thus, these results highlight the importance of multidimensional intermolecular interactions in the photovoltaic performance of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Han
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jianxiao Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Laboratory of Solar Energy, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fuzhen Bi
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Laboratory of Solar Energy, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Laboratory of Solar Energy, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chunming Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Pengchao Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Yonghai Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Laboratory of Solar Energy, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Laboratory of Solar Energy, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
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110
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Xu X, Jing W, Meng H, Guo Y, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. Sequential Deposition of Multicomponent Bulk Heterojunctions Increases Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208997. [PMID: 36650665 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Constructing tandem and multi-blend organic solar cells (OSCs) is an effective way to overcome the absorption limitations of conventional single-junction devices. However, these methods inevitably require tedious multilayer deposition or complicated morphology-optimization procedures. Herein, sequential deposition is utilized as an effective and simple method to fabricate multicomponent OSCs with a double-bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure of the active layer to further improve photovoltaic performance. Two efficient donor-acceptor pairs, D18-Cl:BTP-eC9 and PM6:L8-BO, are sequentially deposited to form the D18-Cl:BTP-eC9/PM6:L8-BO double-BHJ active layer. In these double-BHJ OSCs, light absorption is significantly improved, and optimal morphology is also retained without requiring a more complicated morphology optimization involved in quaternary blends. Compared to the quaternary blend devices, energy loss (Eloss ) is also reduced by rationally matching each donor with an appropriate acceptor. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is improved from 18.25% for D18-Cl:BTP-eC9 and 18.69% for PM6:L8-BO based binary blend OSCs to 19.61% for the double-BHJ OSCs. In contrast, a D18-Cl:PM6:L8-BO:BTP-eC9 quaternary blend of OSCs exhibited a dramatically reduced PCE of 15.83%. These results demonstrate that a double-BHJ strategy, with a relatively simple processing procedure, can potentially enhance the device performance of OSCs and lead to more widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Jing
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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111
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, Khalid M, Mehmood H, Asghar MA, Baby R, Orfali R, Perveen S. Synthesis, characterization and exploration of photovoltaic behavior of hydrazide based scaffolds: a concise experimental and DFT study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7237-7249. [PMID: 36891493 PMCID: PMC9986803 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar energy being a non-depleting energy resource, has attracted scientists' attention to develop efficient solar cells to meet energy demands. Herein, a series of hydrazinylthiazole-4-carbohydrazide organic photovoltaic compounds (BDTC1-BDTC7) with an A1-D1-A2-D2 framework was synthesized with 48-62% yields, and their spectroscopic characterization was accomplished using FT-IR, HRMS, 1H and 13C-NMR techniques. Density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT analyses were performed utilizing the M06/6-31G(d,p) functional to calculate the photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of BDTC1-BDTC7via numerous simulations of the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), transition density matrix (TDM), open circuit voltage (V oc) and density of states (DOS). Moreover, the conducted analysis on the FMOs revealed efficient transference of charge from the highest occupied to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO → LUMO), further supported by TDM and DOS analyses. Furthermore, the values of binding energy (E b = 0.295 to 1.150 eV), as well as reorganization energy of the holes (-0.038-0.025 eV) and electrons (-0.023-0.00 eV), were found to be smaller for all the studied compounds, which suggests a higher exciton dissociation rate with greater hole mobility in BDTC1-BDTC7. V oc analysis was accomplished with respect to HOMOPBDB-T-LUMOACCEPTOR. Among all the synthesized molecules, BDTC7 was found to have a reduced band gap (3.583 eV), with a bathochromic shift and absorption maximum at 448.990 nm, and a promising V oc (1.97 V), thus it is regarded as a potential candidate for high performance photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan .,Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur (Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan .,Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department of Education, Sukkur IBA University 65200 Pakistan
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, King Saud University PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University Baltimore MD 21251 USA
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112
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Xiao C, Wang X, Zhong T, Zhou R, Zheng X, Liu Y, Hu T, Luo Y, Sun F, Xiao B, Liu Z, Yang C, Yang R. Hybrid Cycloalkyl-Alkyl Chain-Based Symmetric/Asymmetric Acceptors with Optimized Crystal Packing and Interfacial Exciton Properties for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206580. [PMID: 36592412 PMCID: PMC9982590 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid cycloalkyl-alkyl side chains are considered a unique composite side-chain system for the construction of novel organic semiconductor materials. However, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of the variations in the single-crystal structures as well as the optoelectronic and energetic properties generated by the introduction of hybrid side chains in electron acceptors. Herein, symmetric/asymmetric acceptors (Y-C10ch and A-C10ch) bearing bilateral and unilateral 10-cyclohexyldecyl are designed, synthesized, and compared with the symmetric acceptor 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((12,13-bis(2-butyloctyl)-3,9 bis(ethylhexyl)-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno[2″,3″':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5] pyrrolo[3,2-g]thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole-2,10- diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (L8-BO). The stepwise introduction of 10-cyclohexyldecyl side chains decreases the optical bandgap, deepens the energy level, and enables the acceptor molecules to pack closely in a regular manner. Crystallographic analysis demonstrates that the 10-cyclohexyldecyl chain endows the acceptor with a more planar skeleton and enforces more compact 3D network packing, resulting in an active layer with higher domain purity. Moreover, the 10-cyclohexyldecyl chain affects the donor/acceptor interfacial energetics and accelerates exciton dissociation, enabling a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >18% in the 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((12,13-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-diundecyl12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno[2″,3″':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-g]thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (Y6) (PM6):A-C10ch-based organic solar cells (OSCs). Importantly, the incorporation of Y-C10ch as the third component of the PM6:L8-BO blend results in a higher PCE of 19.1%. The superior molecular packing behavior of the 10-cyclohexyldecyl side chain is highlighted here for the fabrication of high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Xunchang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine BlastingJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Tian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Ruixue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Xufan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Yirui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Yixuan Luo
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy MaterialsWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China
| | - Fengbo Sun
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy MaterialsWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China
| | - Biao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
| | - Zhitian Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy MaterialsWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China
| | - Chunming Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation FacilityShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education)School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
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113
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Ge J, Chen Z, Ye Q, Xie L, Song W, Guo Y, Zhang J, Tong X, Zhang J, Zhou E, Wei Z, Ge Z. Modulation of Molecular Stacking via Tuning 2-Ethylhexyl Alkyl Chain Enables Improved Efficiency for All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:10803-10811. [PMID: 36799569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is always a dilemma between strong π-π stacking/crystallinity and suitable domain size for all-small-molecule organic solar cells (ASM-OSCs), which puts forward higher requirements for the design of molecular donors. In this work, a series of novel molecular donors with different positional 2-ethylhexy (EH) attachments are designed and synthesized, named SM-R, SM-REH, SM-EH-R, and SM-EH-REH. It is found that EH-substitution on end groups (SM-REH) enables improved π-π interaction and crystallinity but with decreased solubility and phase size, leading to the improved efficiency of 15.6% as compared to 14.0% of SM-R. In contrast, EH-substitution on the π-bridge (SM-EH-R) significantly suppresses π-π stacking and increases the solubility, resulting in the lower efficiency of 11.9%. The further EH-substitution on end-groups of SM-EH-R, namely, SM-EH-REH, recovers the π-π stacking strength and obtains a moderate efficiency of 14.4%. Despite the higher crystallinity and increased π-π stacking in some molecules, the blend films show the gradually decreased domain size in the sequence of SM-R, SM-REH, SM-EH-R, and SM-EH-REH owing to the steric hindrance of the EH-chain. Overall, this work indicates that obtaining the higher π-π stacking/crystallinity and decreased domain size is achievable by tuning the EH-chain substitution, which paves the way to further improve the photovoltaic performance of ASM-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinrui Ye
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuntong Guo
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jinna Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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114
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Zhao X, An Q, Zhang H, Yang C, Mahmood A, Jiang M, Jee MH, Fu B, Tian S, Woo HY, Wang Y, Wang JL. Double Asymmetric Core Optimizes Crystal Packing to Enable Selenophene-based Acceptor with Over 18 % Efficiency in Binary Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216340. [PMID: 36591914 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Side-chain tailoring is a promising method to optimize the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, asymmetric alkyl chain-based small molecular acceptors (SMAs) are still difficult to afford. Herein, we adopted a novel asymmetric n-nonyl/undecyl substitution strategy and synthesized two A-D1 A'D2 -A double asymmetric isomeric SMAs with asymmetric selenophene-based central core for OSCs. Crystallographic analysis indicates that AYT9Se11-Cl forms a more compact and order intermolecular packing compared to AYT11Se9-Cl, which contributed to higher electron mobility in neat AYT9Se11-Cl film. Moreover, the PM6 : AYT9Se11-Cl blend film shows a better morphology with appropriate phase separation and distinct face-on orientation than PM6 : AYT11Se9-Cl. The OSCs with PM6 : AYT9Se11-Cl obtain a superior PCE of 18.12 % compared to PM6 : AYT11Se9-Cl (17.52 %), which is the best efficiency for the selenium-incorporated SMAs in binary BHJ OSCs. Our findings elucidate that the promising double asymmetric strategy with isomeric alkyl chains precisely modulates the crystal packing and enhances the photovoltaic efficiency of selenophene-incorporated SMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiaoshi An
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Can Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mengyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Min Hun Jee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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115
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Adnan M, Irshad Z, Hussain R, Lee W, Yup Yang J, Lim J. Influence of End-Capped Engineering on 3-Dimenional Star-Shaped Triphenylamine-Based Donor Materials for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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116
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Shao Y, Gao Y, Sun R, Zhang M, Min J. A Versatile and Low-Cost Polymer Donor Based on 4-Chlorothiazole for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208750. [PMID: 36414612 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Benefiting from the emergence of narrow-band-gap small-molecule acceptors (SMAs), especially "Y" series, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs) is rapidly improved. However, polymer donors with high efficiency, easy synthesis, and good universality are relatively scarce except PBDB-TF and D18. Herein, two polymer donors are designed and synthesized based on 4-chlorothiazole derivatives with simple structures, namely PTz3Cl and PBTTz3Cl. The OSCs based on PBTTz3Cl with slightly weaker intermolecular forces in comparison to PTz3Cl exhibits a decent PCE of 18.38% in blending with SMA L8-BO, owing to its strong donor/acceptor interaction with L8-BO, which shapes suitable phase separation morphology. Further research finds that PBTTz3Cl can exhibit excellent photovoltaic performances with various SMA materials, highlighting its universality. Based on this, ternary PSCs are designed where BTP-eC9 is introduced as a guest into the PBTTz3Cl:L8-BO host system. Thanks to further optimal blend morphology and more balanced charge transport, the PCE is improved up to 19.12%, which is among the highest values for PSCs. This work provides a new design of low-cost electron-deficient units for constructing highly versatile, high-performance polymer donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Meimei Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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117
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Zhou M, Liao C, Duan Y, Xu X, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. 19.10% Efficiency and 80.5% Fill Factor Layer-by-Layer Organic Solar Cells Realized by 4-Bis(2-Thienyl)Pyrrole-2,5-Dione Based Polymer Additives for Inducing Vertical Segregation Morphology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208279. [PMID: 36411949 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The morphology plays a key role in determining the charge generation and collection process, thus impacting the performances of organic solar cells (OSCs). The limited selection pool of additives to optimize the morphology of OSCs, especially for the emerging layer-by-layer (LbL) OSCs, impeding the improvements of photovoltaic performances. Herein, a new method of using conjugated polymers as the additives to optimize the morphology for improving the photovoltaic performances of LbL-OSCs is reported. Four polymers of PH, PS, PF, and PCl are developed with different side chains. These polymers exhibit poor performances as donor materials and additives in the BHJ devices, due to the unsuitable energy level alignment and unfavorable molecular interactions. By contrast, they can be served as efficient additives to optimize the PM6 fibril matrix for facilitating the penetration of BTP-eC9 and forming an intertwined D/A bicontinuous network with a vertical segregation. Such morphology is optimized by side chain engineering, which enables the progressive improvement of the charge separation and collection. As a result, adding a small amount of PCl as the additive, the optimized morphology contributes to a champion PCE of 19.10% with a high FF of 80.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chentong Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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118
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Yang X, Sun R, Wang Y, Chen M, Xia X, Lu X, Lu G, Min J. Ternary All-Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiency up to 18.14% Employing a Two-Step Sequential Deposition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209350. [PMID: 36413076 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Achieving a finely tuned active layer morphology with a suitable vertical phase to facilitate both charge generation and charge transport has long been the main goal for pursuing the highly efficient bulk heterojunction all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Herein, a solution to address the above challenge via synergistically combining the ternary blend strategy and the layer-by-layer (LbL) procedure is proposed. By introducing a synthesized polymer acceptor (PA ), PY-Cl, with higher crystallinity into the designed host acceptor PY-SSe-V, vertical phase distribution and molecular ordering of the LbL-type ternary all-PSCs can be improved in comparison to the LbL-type PM6/PY-SSe-V binary all-PSCs. The formation of the superior bulk microstructure can not only promote charge transport and extraction properties but also reduce energetic disorder and non-radiative recombination loss, thus improving all three photovoltaic parameters simultaneously. Consequently, the PM6/(PY-SSe-V:PY-Cl) ternary all-PSCs show the best efficiency of 18.14%, which is among the highest values reported to date for all-PSCs. This work provides a facile and effective LbL-type ternary strategy for obtaining high-efficiency all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Guanghao Lu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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119
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Wang Y, Zheng Z, Wang J, Liu X, Ren J, An C, Zhang S, Hou J. New Method for Preparing ZnO Layer for Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208305. [PMID: 36380719 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to outstanding optoelectronic properties and simple preparation, zinc oxide (ZnO) has widely been used in organic solar cells (OSCs). Although versatile cathode interface materials have been designed in past, ZnO remains indispensable owing to its excellent overall performance. Therefore, solving the persistent problem of residual amine reacting with non-fullerene acceptors will make ZnO superior over other materials, and thus improve the performance and energy budget of OSCs. Herein, a simple, effective, and economical method for removing residual amine in ZnO without distorting ZnO is reported. By accurately comparing the alkalinities of ZnO and residual amine, boric acid (BA) is selected as the amine-removing agent because of its suitable acidic dissociation constant. Moreover, the high water solubility of BA ensures that the post-cleaning process can be easily performed. The work function, electron extraction, and stability of cathode interface layer are optimized through rinsing them with BA. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of OSCs under long-term illumination are significantly improved. The optimal 0.04 and 1.00 cm2 single-junction OSCs are based on PBDB-TF:HDO-4Cl:BTP-eC9 bulk heterojunction output 18.40% and 17.42% efficiencies, respectively. Furthermore, tandem OSCs based on the BA-treated ZnO exhibit a 19.56% PCE, demonstrating the reliability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jianqiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Junzhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Cunbin An
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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120
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Xu W, He W, Li G, Wu J, Yang C, Cao Z, Cheng P, Li H, Du Z, Yu D. Challenging PM6-like donor polymers for pairing with a Y-type state-of-the-art acceptor in binary blends for bulk heterojunction solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2916-2925. [PMID: 36637076 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05414k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Being fluorine-free and a high performance material as a small organic acceptor molecule, BTP-eC9 has been well mixed with BDT-based PM6 donor polymers for providing satisfactory photovoltaic properties, especially towards future large scale/large area solar cell production. However, as one of the key electrical outputs from such binary active layer materials, the open circuit voltage (VOC) was limited to ca. 0.84 V, which needs to be further improved for BTP-eC9 to have a bright future. This paper focuses on the molecular design of alkylthio- and alkoxy-phenyl flanked benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-based conjugated polymers (PBDT-PS-ttTPD or P10 for short and PBDT-PO-ttTPD or P11), which were successfully synthesized and applied as donor materials for pairing with BTP-eC9 in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. By fine-tuning the side chains of the benzodithiophene (BDT) moiety, such non-fullerene OPV devices with normal configuration demonstrate an attractively high open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.89 and 0.87 V in P10/BTP-eC9 and P11/BTP-eC9 based binary single bulk heterojunction OPV devices, while still maintaining an excellent JSC of 22.7 and 20.0 mA cm-2 with a final power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.93% and 9.37%, respectively. The alkylthio-phenyl chain substituted BDT polymer exhibits better photovoltaic performance in all aspects than the alternative with alkoxy chains due to the synergistic effect of the alkylthio-phenyl flanked BDT, TPD, and π-bridge (thieno[3,2-b]thiophene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East, DK-9220, Denmark.
| | - Wei He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Guojuan Li
- National Anti-Drug Laboratory Sichuan Regional Center, Chengdu, 610206, China
| | - Jingnan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East, DK-9220, Denmark.
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Pei Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Hongxiang Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Zhengkun Du
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg East, DK-9220, Denmark. .,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark
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121
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Ma DL, Zhang QQ, Li CZ. Unsymmetrically Chlorinated Non-Fused Electron Acceptor Leads to High-Efficiency and Stable Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214931. [PMID: 36433656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Searching the cost-effective organic semiconductors is strongly needed in order to facilitate the practice of organic solar cells (OSCs), yet to be fulfilled. Herein, we have succeeded in developing two non-fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs), leading to the highest efficiency of 16.2 % for the NFREA derived OSCs. These OSCs exhibit the superior operational stabilities under one sun equivalent illumination without ultraviolet (UV) filtration. It is revealed that the modulation of halogen substituents on aromatic side chains, as the new structural tool to tune the intermolecular interaction and optoelectronic properties of acceptors, not only promotes the interlocked tic-tac-toe frame of three-dimensional stacks in solid, but also improves charge dynamics of acceptors to enable high-performance and stable OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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122
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Zheng R, Zhang C, Zhang A, Xue J, Xu X, Liu Y, Su CJ, Ma W, Yang C, Bo Z. Effect of Steric Hindrance at the Anthracene Core on the Photovoltaic Performance of Simple Nonfused Ring Electron Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4275-4283. [PMID: 36645327 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Solving the contradiction between good solubility and dense packing is a challenge in designing high-performance nonfullerene acceptors. Herein, two simple nonfused ring electron acceptors (o-AT-2Cl and m-AT-2Cl) carrying ortho- or meta-substituted hexyloxy side chains can be facilely synthesized in only three steps. The two ortho-substituted phenyl side chains in o-AT-2Cl cannot freely rotate due to a big steric hindrance, which endows the acceptor with good solubility. Moreover, o-AT-2Cl displays a more ordered packing than m-AT-2Cl as revealed by the absorption measurement. When blended with polymer donor D18 for the fabrication of organic solar cells (OSCs), o-AT-2Cl-based devices exhibit a favorable morphology, more efficient exciton dissociation, and better charge transport. Consequently, the optimal OSCs based on D18:o-AT-2Cl exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.8%, which is significantly higher than the moderate PCE (7.66%) for D18:m-AT-2Cl-based devices. Remarkably, o-AT-2Cl shows a higher figure-of-merit value compared with classic high-efficiency fused ring electron acceptors. As a result, our research succeeds in obtaining nonfused ring acceptors with cost-effective photovoltaic performance and provides a valuable experience for simultaneously improving solubility as well as ensuring ordered packing of acceptors through regulating the steric hindrance via changing the position of substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Cai'e Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Andong Zhang
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Jingwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xinjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
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123
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Zhao R, Li Y, Ding Z, Wu Z, Woo HY, Zhao K, Wang X, Liu SF, Li Y. A Two-Step Heating Strategy for Nonhalogen Solvent-Processed Organic Solar Cells Based on a Low-Cost Polymer Donor. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yuechen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Zicheng Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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124
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Inner alkyl chain modulation of small molecular acceptors enables molecular packing optimization and efficient organic solar cells. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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125
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Cai J, Fu Y, Guo C, Li D, Wang L, Chen C, Liu D, Li W, Wang T. Realizing compact three-dimensional charge transport networks of asymmetric electron acceptors for efficient organic solar cells. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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126
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Sundaresan C, Vebber MC, Brusso JL, Tao Y, Alem S, Lessard BH. Low-Cost Silicon Phthalocyanine as a Non-Fullerene Acceptor for Flexible Large Area Organic Photovoltaics. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:1588-1596. [PMID: 36643570 PMCID: PMC9835793 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate large-area (1 cm2) organic photovoltaic (OPVs) devices based on bis(tri-n-butylsilyl oxide) silicon phthalocyanine (3BS)2-SiPc as a non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) with low synthetic complexity paired with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as a donor polymer. Environment-friendly nonhalogenated solvents were used to process large area OPVs on flexible indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. An alternate sequentially (Alt-Sq) blade-coated active layer with bulk heterojunction-like morphology is obtained when using (3BS)2-SiPc processing with o-xylene/1,3,5-trimethylbenzene solvents. The sequential (Sq) active layer is prepared by first blade-coating (3BS)2-SiPc solution followed by P3HT coated on the top without any post-treatment. The conventional sequentially (Sq) blade-coated active layer presents very low performance due to the (3BS)2-SiPc bottom layer being partially washed off by processing the top layer of P3HT. In contrast, alternate sequentially (Alt-Sq) blade-coated layer-by-layer film shows even better device performance compared to the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layer. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveal that the Alt-Sq processing of the active layer leads to a BHJ-like morphology with a well-intermixed donor-acceptor component in the active layer while providing a simpler processing approach to low-cost and large-scale OPV production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chithiravel Sundaresan
- Department
of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ONK1N 6N5, Canada
- Advanced
Electronics and Photonics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ONK1A
0R6, Canada
| | - Mário C. Vebber
- Department
of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ONK1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jaclyn L. Brusso
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University
of Ottawa, 150 Louis-Pasteur Pvt, Ottawa, ONK1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ye Tao
- Advanced
Electronics and Photonics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ONK1A
0R6, Canada
| | - Salima Alem
- Advanced
Electronics and Photonics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ONK1A
0R6, Canada
| | - Benoît H. Lessard
- Department
of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ONK1N 6N5, Canada
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward AvenueOttawa, ONK1N 6N5, Canada
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127
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Chen S, Hong L, Dong M, Deng W, Shao L, Bai Y, Zhang K, Liu C, Wu H, Huang F. A Polyfluoroalkyl-Containing Non-fullerene Acceptor Enables Self-Stratification in Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213869. [PMID: 36333961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The elaborate control of the vertical phase distribution within an active layer is critical to ensuring the high performance of organic solar cells (OSCs), but is challenging. Herein, a self-stratification active layer is realised by adding a novel polyfluoroalkyl-containing non-fullerene small-molecule acceptor (NFSMA), EH-C8 F17 , as the guest into PM6:BTP-eC9 blend. A favourable vertical morphology was obtained with an upper acceptor-enriched thin layer and a lower undisturbed bulk heterojunction layer. Consequently, a power conversion efficiency of 18.03 % was achieved, higher than the efficiency of 17.40 % for the device without EH-C8 F17 . Additionally, benefiting from the improved charge transport and collection realised by this self-stratification strategy, the OSC with a thickness of 350 nm had an impressive PCE of 16.89 %. The results of the study indicate that polyfluoroalkyl-containing NFSMA-assisted self-stratification within the active layer is effective for realising an ideal morphology for high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wanyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chunchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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128
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Li J, Zhang C, Zhong X, Deng W, Hu H, Wang K. End-Group Engineering of Chlorine-Trialkylsiylthienyl Chain-Substituted Small-Molecule Donors for High-Efficiency Ternary Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205572. [PMID: 36399633 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ternary architecture has been widely demonstrated as a facile and efficient strategy to boost the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the rational design of the third component with suitable core and end-group modification is still a challenge. Herein, two new small-molecule (SM) donors BT-CN and BT-ER, featuring the identical conjugated backbone with distinct end group, have been designed, synthesized, and introduced into the PM6:Y6 binary system as the second donor. Both molecules exhibit complementary absorption and good miscibility with PM6, contributing to the nanofibrous phases and strong face-on molecular packing. Importantly, the incorporation of BT-CN/BT-ER has significantly facilitated charge collection and transportation with remarkable suppression of carrier recombination. As a result, ternary OSCs with 20 wt% BT-CN/BT-ER achieved a PCE of 16.8%/17.22% with synchronously increased open-circuit voltage (VOC ), short-circuit current density (JSC ) and fill factor (FF). Moreover, replacing Y6 with L8-BO further improves the PCE to 18.05%/18.11%, indicating the universality of both molecules as the third component. This work demonstrates not only two efficient SM donors with 4,8-bis(4-chloro-5-(tripropylsilyl)thiophen-2-yl) benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDTT-SiCl) as the core but also end group modification strategy to fine-tune the absorption spectrum, molecular packing, and energy levels of SM donors to construct high-performance ternary OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Hoffman Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiuzun Zhong
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wanyuan Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Hanlin Hu
- Hoffman Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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Quinoxaline-based Polymers with Asymmetric Aromatic Side Chain Enables 16.27% Efficiency for Organic Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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130
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Wang LH, Zhang KN, Sun M, Li M, Cai XF, Tan Y, Hao XT, Du XY. Reducing Voltage Losses of Organic Solar Cells against Energetics Modifications by Thermal Stress. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11974-11981. [PMID: 36535016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Voltage losses are one of the main obstacles for further improvement in the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells. In this work, we investigate the effect of thermal stress on voltage losses in various material systems by multiple spectroscopic measurements on both devices and thin films. The energetics of nonfullerene small molecules are more readily altered under thermal stress compared to all-polymer and fullerene-based systems, thereby strongly affecting open-circuit voltage. These energetics variations correlate with the glass transition of respective materials. While nonfullerene small molecular acceptor systems exhibit both dynamic and static disorders which can be restrained in annealed films, all-polymeric systems exhibit dominated static disorders, which are also stable against thermal stress. The much higher voltage losses in fullerene-based systems compared to the other two counterparts are mainly due to the losses from device band gap to charge transfer states and the high nonradiative recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hua Wang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Ning Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
| | - Ming Sun
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fan Cai
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
| | - Yang Tan
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria3010, Australia
| | - Xiao-Yan Du
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan250100, P. R. China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, P. R. China
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131
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Chen T, Shi R, Gui R, Hu H, Zhang W, Zhang K, Cui B, Yin H, Gao K, Liu J. Fluorination of Terminal Groups Promoting Electron Transfer in Small Molecular Acceptors of Bulk Heterojunction Films. Molecules 2022; 27:9037. [PMID: 36558170 PMCID: PMC9780906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorination strategy is one of the most efficient and popular molecular modification methods to develop new materials for organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. For OPV materials, it is a broad agreement that fluorination can reduce the energy level and change the morphology of active layers. To explore the effect of fluorination on small molecule acceptors, we selected two non-fullerene acceptors (NFA) based bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films, involving PM6:Y6 and PM6:Y5 as model systems. The electron mobilities of the PM6:Y5 and PM6:Y6 BHJ films are 5.76 × 10-7 cm2V-1s-1 and 5.02 × 10-5 cm2V-1s-1 from the space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements. Through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, it is observed that halogen bonds can be formed between Y6 dimers, which can provide external channels for electron carrier transfer. Meanwhile, the "A-to-A" type J-aggregates are more likely to be generated between Y6 molecules, and the π-π stacking can be also enhanced, thus increasing the charge transfer rate and electron mobility between Y6 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Rui Shi
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ruohua Gui
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haixia Hu
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Kangning Zhang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Cui
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Kun Gao
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, China
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132
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Xie Q, Cui Y, Chen Z, Zhang M, Liu C, Zhu H, Liu F, Brabec CJ, Liao X, Chen Y. Achieving efficient and stabilized organic solar cells by precisely controlling the proportion of copolymerized units in electron-rich polymers. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17714-17724. [PMID: 36420579 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03992c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of random polymers based on the donor polymer PM6 were designed from the perspective of regulating the surface electrostatic potential (ESP) distribution of the polymers and applied in organic solar cells (OSCs). Random polymers with different ESPs were obtained by introducing structural units of polymer PM6 into the polymer structure as the third unit. The simulation results showed that the random polymers feature a wider electron-donating region after the introduction of BDT units, indicating a more efficient charge generation probability. Benefiting from the optimized morphology of the active layer and the stronger interaction between the donor and the acceptor in the active layer, the device exhibited the best charge transport efficiency and lower charge recombination after the introduction of 5% BDT units, and a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.76% was achieved. In addition, OSC devices based on random polymers incorporating 5% BDT units exhibit excellent device stability. In contrast, the devices based on random polymers after the introduction of BDD units showed a much lower PCE of around 13% due to the inferior charge generation and charge transport. This work not only provides a new perspective for the molecular design of efficient random polymers, but also demonstrates that the OSC devices based on random polymers can still achieve better stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xie
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science, Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yongjie Cui
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Excited State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science, Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Haiming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Excited State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science, Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xunfan Liao
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Yiwang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China.
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133
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Mejri H, Haidisch A, Krebsbach P, Seiberlich M, Hernandez-Sosa G, Perevedentsev A. Gas-assisted blade-coating of organic semiconductors: molecular assembly, device fabrication and complex thin-film structuring. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17743-17753. [PMID: 36421075 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05947a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The competitive performance of optoelectronic devices based on advanced organic semiconductors increasingly calls for suitably scalable processing schemes to capitalise on their application potential. With performance benchmarks typically established by spin-coating fabrication, doctor-blade deposition represents a widely available roll-to-roll-compatible means for the preparation of large-area samples and establishing the device upscaling potential. However, the inherently slower film formation kinetics often result in unfavourable active layer microstructures, requiring empirical and material-inefficient optimisation of solutions to reach the performance of spin-coated devices. Here we present a versatile approach to achieving performance parity for spin- and blade-coated devices using in situ gas-assisted drying enabled by a modular 3D-printed attachment. This is illustrated for organic photodetectors (OPDs) featuring bulk heterojunction active layers comprising blends of P3HT and PM6 polymer donors with the nonfullerene acceptor ITIC. Compared to conventionally blade-coated devices, mild drying gas pressures of 0.5-2 bar yield up to a 10-fold enhancement of specific detectivity by maximising external quantum efficiency and suppressing dark-current. Furthermore, controlling gas flux distribution enables one-step fabrication of 1D chain conformation and 2D chain orientation patterns in, respectively, PFO and P3HT:N2200 blend films, opening the possibility for high-throughput fabrication of devices with complex structured active layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadhemi Mejri
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesser Str. 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anika Haidisch
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesser Str. 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Krebsbach
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesser Str. 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mervin Seiberlich
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesser Str. 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerardo Hernandez-Sosa
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesser Str. 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Perevedentsev
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesser Str. 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
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134
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Lee JW, Seo S, Lee SW, Kim GU, Han S, Phan TNL, Lee S, Li S, Kim TS, Lee JY, Kim BJ. Intrinsically Stretchable, Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Polymer Donors Featuring Hydrogen-Bonding Spacers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207544. [PMID: 36153847 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically stretchable organic solar cells (IS-OSCs), consisting of all stretchable layers, are attracting significant attention as a future power source for wearable electronics. However, most of the efficient active layers for OSCs are mechanically brittle due to their rigid molecular structures designed for high electrical and optical properties. Here, a series of new polymer donors (PD s, PhAmX) featuring phenyl amide (N1 ,N3 -bis((5-bromothiophen-2-yl)methyl)isophthalamide, PhAm)-based flexible spacer (FS) inducing hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) interactions is developed. These PD s enable IS-OSCs with a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.73% and excellent stretchability (PCE retention of >80% of the initial value at 32% strain), representing the best performances among the reported IS-OSCs to date. The incorporation of PhAm-based FS enhances the molecular ordering of PD s as well as their interactions with a Y7 acceptor, enhancing the mechanical stretchability and electrical properties simultaneously. It is also found that in rigid OSCs, the PhAm5:Y7 blend achieves a much higher PCE of 17.5% compared to that of the reference PM6:Y7 blend. The impact of the PhAm-FS linker on the mechanical and photovoltaic properties of OSCs is thoroughly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soodeok Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungseok Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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135
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Zhang L, Sun R, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Ma W, Min J, Wei Z, Deng D. Donor End-Capped Alkyl Chain Length Dependent Non-Radiative Energy Loss in All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207020. [PMID: 36263872 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A critical bottleneck for further efficiency breakthroughs in organic solar cells (OSCs) is to minimize the non-radiative energy loss (eΔVnr ) while maximizing the charge generation. With the development of highly emissive low-bandgap non-fullerene acceptors, the design of high-performance donors becomes critical to enable the blend with the electroluminescence quantum efficiency to approach or surpass the pristine acceptor. Herein, by shortening the end-capped alkyl chains of the small-molecular donors from hexyl (MPhS-C6) to ethyl (MPhS-C2), the material obtained aggregation that was insensitive to thermal annealing (TA) along with condensed packing simultaneously. The former leads to small phase separation and suppressed upshifts of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level during TA, and the latter facilitates its efficient charge-transport at aggregation-less packing. Hence, the ΔVnr decreases from 0.242 to 0.182 V, from MPhS-C6 to MPhS-C2 based OSCs. An excellent PCE of 17.11% is obtained by 1,8-diiodoctane addition due to almost unchanged high Jsc (26.6 mA cm-2 ) and Voc (0.888 V) with improved fill factor, which is the record efficiency with the smallest energy loss (0.497 eV) and ΔVnr (0.192 V) in all-small-molecule OSCs. These results emphasize the potential material design direction of obtaining concurrent TA-insensitive aggregation and condensed packing to maximize the device performances with a super low ΔVnr .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qinglian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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136
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Gao H, Yu R, Gong Y, Ma Z, He Z, Dong Y, Xu K, Bai Y, Tan Z. Self-Aggregated Light-Trapping Nanodots for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2205128. [PMID: 36310144 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The typical thickness of the photoactive layer in organic solar cells (OSCs) is around 100 nm, which limits the absorption efficiency of the incident light and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs. Therefore, light-trapping schemes to reduce the optical losses in the thin photoactive layers are critically important for efficient OSCs. Herein, light-trapping and electron-collection dual-functional small organic molecules, N,N,N',N'-tetraphenyloxalamide (TPEA) and N,N,N',N'-tetraphenylmalonamide (TPMA), are designed and synthesized by a one-step acylation reaction. Driven by strong intermolecular force, TPEA and TPMA tend to self-aggregate into hemispherical light-trapping nanodots on the photoactive layer, resulting in enhanced light harvesting. Meanwhile, TPEA and TPMA demonstrate high electron mobility and excellent electron-collection ability. Compared with the device without cathode buffer layer (CBL, PCE = 14.09%), PM6:BTP-eC9 based OSCs with TPEA and TPMA light-trapping CBLs demonstrate greatly enhanced PCE of 16.21% and 17.85%, respectively. Furthermore, a record PCE of 19.02% can be achieved for PM6:BTP-eC9:PC71 BM based ternary OSC with TPMA light-trapping CBL. Moreover, TPMA exhibits a low synthesis cost of only 0.61 $ g-1 with high yield. These findings could open a window for the rational design of multifunctional CBLs for efficient and stable OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaizhi Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yongshuai Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zongwen Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhangwei He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yiman Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Kunxiang Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Zhan'ao Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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137
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Reduced energetic disorder enables over 14% efficiency in organic solar cells based on completely non-fused-ring donors and acceptors. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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138
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Zhang X, Wang J, Li Z, Guo S, Tong Y, Liu B, Yue G, Hao Y. Improved photovoltaic performance of PTB7:PC71BM blend by thermal annealing and solvent vapor annealing. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-05034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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139
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Carbazole-based donor materials with enhanced photovoltaic parameters for organic solar cells and hole-transport materials for efficient perovskite solar cells. J Mol Model 2022; 28:367. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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140
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Zhan L, Yin S, Li Y, Li S, Chen T, Sun R, Min J, Zhou G, Zhu H, Chen Y, Fang J, Ma CQ, Xia X, Lu X, Qiu H, Fu W, Chen H. Multiphase Morphology with Enhanced Carrier Lifetime via Quaternary Strategy Enables High-Efficiency, Thick-Film, and Large-Area Organic Photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2206269. [PMID: 36106624 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous breakthrough of the efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs), their practical applications are on the agenda. However, the thickness tolerance and upscaling in recently reported high-efficiency devices remains challenging. In this work, the multiphase morphology and desired carrier behaviors are realized by utilizing a quaternary strategy. Notably, the exciton separation, carrier mobility, and carrier lifetime are enhanced significantly, the carrier recombination and the energy loss (Eloss ) are reduced, thus beneficial for a higher short-circuit density (JSC ), fill factor (FF), and open-circuit voltage (VOC ) of the quaternary system. Moreover, the intermixing-phase size is optimized, which is favorable for constructing the thick-film and large-area devices. Finally, the device with a 110 nm-thick active layer shows an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.32% (certified 19.35%). Furthermore, the large-area (1.05 and 72.25 cm2 ) devices with 110 nm thickness present PCEs of 18.25% and 12.20%, and the device with a 305 nm-thick film (0.0473 cm2 ) delivers a PCE of 17.55%, which are among the highest values reported. The work demonstrates the potential of the quaternary strategy for large-area and thick-film OPVs and promotes the practical application of OPVs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shouchun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yaokai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shuixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Guanqing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yiyao Chen
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and, Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jin Fang
- i-Lab & Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Qi Ma
- i-Lab & Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Huayu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Weifei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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141
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Ronsin OJJ, Harting J. Formation of Crystalline Bulk Heterojunctions in Organic Solar Cells: Insights from Phase-Field Simulations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49785-49800. [PMID: 36282868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The performance of organic solar cells strongly depends on the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) morphology of the photoactive layer. This BHJ forms during the drying of the wet-deposited solution, because of physical processes such as crystallization and/or liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). However, the process-structure relationship remains insufficiently understood. In this work, a recently developed, coupled phase-field-fluid mechanics framework is used to simulate the BHJ formation upon drying. For the first time, this allows to investigate the interplay between all the relevant physical processes (evaporation, crystal nucleation and growth, liquid demixing, composition-dependent kinetic properties), within a single coherent theoretical framework. Simulations for the model system P3HT-PCBM are presented. The comparison with previously reported in situ characterization of the drying structure is very convincing: The morphology formation pathways, crystallization kinetics, and final morphology are in line with experimental results. The final BHJ morphology is a subtle mixture of pure crystalline donor and acceptor phases, pure and mixed amorphous domains, which depends on the process parameters and material properties. The expected benefit of such an approach is to identify physical design rules for ink formulation and processing conditions to optimize the cell's performance. It could be applied to recent organic material systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier J J Ronsin
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fürther Straße 248, 90429Nürnberg, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Jens Harting
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fürther Straße 248, 90429Nürnberg, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429Nürnberg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429Nürnberg, Germany
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142
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Chen H, Liang H, Guo Z, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Li Z, Cao X, Wang H, Feng W, Zou Y, Meng L, Xu X, Kan B, Li C, Yao Z, Wan X, Ma Z, Chen Y. Central Unit Fluorination of Non‐Fullerene Acceptors Enables Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells with Over 18 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209580. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ziqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Haohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Wanying Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yalu Zou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lingxian Meng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Bin Kan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zaifei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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143
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Xie C, Liang S, Zhang G, Li S. Water-Processed Organic Solar Cell with Efficiency Exceeding 11. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194229. [PMID: 36236177 PMCID: PMC9573733 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Water processing is an ideal strategy for the ecofriendly fabrication of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and exhibits a strong market-driven demand. Here, we report a state-of-the-art active material, namely PM6:BTP-eC9, for the synthesis of water-borne nanoparticle (NP) dispersion towards ecofriendly OPV fabrication. The surfactant-stripping technique, combined with a poloxamer, facilitates purification and eliminates excess surfactant in water-dispersed organic semiconducting NPs. The introduction of 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) for the synthesis of surfactant-stripped NP (ssNP) further promotes a percolated microstructure of the polymer and NFA in each ssNP, yielding water-processed OPVs with a record efficiency of over 11%. The use of an additive during water-borne ssNP synthesis is a promising strategy for morphology optimization in NP OPVs. It is believed that the findings in this work will engender more research interest and effort relating to water-processing in preparation of the industrial production of OPVs.
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144
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Usman Khan M, Hussain R, Yaqoob J, Fayyaz ur Rehman M, Adnan Asghar M, Demir Kanmazalp S, Assiri MA, Imran M, Lu C, Safwan Akram M. Theoretical design and prediction of novel fluorene-based non-fullerene acceptors for environmentally friendly organic solar cell. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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145
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Over 1000 nm photoresponse with cyclopentadithiophene-based non-fullerene acceptors for efficient organic solar cells. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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146
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Li C, Lu G, Ryu HS, Sun X, Woo HY, Sun Y. Effect of Terminal Electron-Withdrawing Group on the Photovoltaic Performance of Asymmetric Fused-Ring Electron Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43207-43214. [PMID: 36099472 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The terminal electron-withdrawing group is thought to strongly influence π-π stacking interactions and thereby the charge transport properties of fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs). In this work, we designed and synthesized three asymmetric/symmetric small molecule FREAs (LC301, LC302, and LC303), in which three electron-withdrawing functional groups with different polarities (phenyl-fused indanone < thienyl-fused indanone < F-modified phenyl-fused indanone) were selected as the terminal groups. Photophysical properties, electrochemistry, charge transport, and crystalline properties of the materials were studied to investigate the effect of electron-withdrawing abilities of the terminal groups on the properties of FREAs. Starting from the symmetric LC302 (two thienyl-fused indanone terminal groups), we have found that by simply replacing only one thienyl-fused indanone terminal group in symmetric LC302 with one difluorinated phenyl-fused indanone terminal group, the asymmetric LC301-based organic solar cells (OSCs) can yield a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.21% and a promising fill factor (FF) of 78.1%, which are higher than those of symmetric LC302-based OSCs (PCE = 15.18%, FF = 73.3%) and the asymmetric LC303-based OSCs bearing one thienyl-fused indanone terminal group and one nonfluorinated phenyl-fused indanone terminal group (PCE = 14.28%, FF = 70.3%). The results indicate that the rational selection of terminal groups with different electron-withdrawing capabilities is highly desirable for designing high-performance asymmetric FREAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guangkai Lu
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hwa Sook Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanming Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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147
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Meng X, Li M, Jin K, Zhang L, Sun J, Zhang W, Yi C, Yang J, Hao F, Wang G, Xiao Z, Ding L. A 4‐Arm Small Molecule Acceptor with High Photovoltaic Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207762. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyi Meng
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ke Jin
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Lixiu Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jie Sun
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China
| | - Chenyi Yi
- Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Junliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy School of Physics and Electronics Central South University Changsha 410083 China
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China
| | - Guan‐Wu Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zuo Xiao
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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148
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Sun W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sun B, Zhang Z, Xiao M, Li X, Huo Y, Xin J, Zhu Q, Ma W, Zhang H. A Cathode Interface Layer Based on 4,5,9,10‐Pyrene Diimide for Highly Efficient Binary Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208383. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ze‐Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ming‐Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qinglian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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149
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Busireddy MR, Chen TW, Huang SC, Su YJ, Wang YM, Chuang WT, Chen JT, Hsu CS. PBDB-T-Based Binary-OSCs Achieving over 15.83% Efficiency via End-Group Functionalization and Alkyl-Chain Engineering of Quinoxaline-Containing Non-Fullerene Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41264-41274. [PMID: 36041037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular backbone modification, alkyl-chain engineering, and end-group functionalization are promising strategies for developing efficient high-performance non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Herein, two new NFAs, named TPQ-eC7-4F and TPQ-eC7-4Cl, are designed and synthesized. Both molecules have linear octyl chains on fused quinoxaline-containing heterocyclics as the central backbone and difluorinated (2F)/dichlorinated (2Cl) 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (IC) as the end-group units. The influences of alkyl-chains on fused quinoxaline backbone and different halogenated end-groups on optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic performances of organic solar cells (OSCs) are studied. In comparison with TPQ-eC7-4Cl, TPQ-eC7-4F exhibits blue-shifted absorptions with higher molar extinction coefficients in the film state as well as in the donor/acceptor (D/A) blend film state and up-shifting lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level. As a result, the OSC devices based on the PBDB-T:TPQ-eC7-4F display an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.83% with a simultaneously increased open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.85 V, a short-circuit current-density (Jsc) of 25.89 mA cm-2, and a fill factor (FF) of 72.20%, whereas the PBDB-T:TPQ-eC7-4Cl-based OSC device shows a decent PCE of 14.48% with a Voc of 0.84 V, a Jsc of 24.56 mA/cm2, and an FF of 69.77%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest photovoltaic performance of PBDB-T-based single-junction binary-OSCs. In comparison, ascribed to the high crystallinity and low solubility of BTP-eC7-4Cl, the corresponding PBDB-T:BTP-eC7-4Cl-based OSC device shows poor photovoltaic performance (PCE of 11.87%). The experimental results demonstrate that fine-tuning the fused quinoxaline backbone with alkyl-chain and end-group functionalization are promising strategies to construct high-performance NFAs for PBDB-T-based single-junction binary-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Reddy Busireddy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ci Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jia Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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150
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Zhou J, He Z, Sun Y, Tang A, Guo Q, Zhou E. Organic Photovoltaic Cells Based on Nonhalogenated Polymer Donors and Nonhalogenated A-DA'D-A-Type Nonfullerene Acceptors with High VOC and Low Nonradiative Voltage Loss. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41296-41303. [PMID: 36052498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compared with other all-inorganic/organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells, the large voltage loss (Vloss) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, especially the nonradiative voltage loss (ΔVnonrad), limited the further improvement of performance. Although A-DA'D-A-type Y-series nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) largely improve the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) to 18%, the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of this kind of material was still restricted to below 1.0 V. Herein, we designed and synthesized a narrow bandgap (Eg = 1.41 eV) acceptor BTA77 with an A-DA'D-A-type backbone containing a nonhalogenated terminal group to achieve high electroluminescence efficiency and high VOC. Combined with the nonhalogenated polymer PBDB-T with a conjugated thiophene side chain, BTA77 realized a VOC of 0.944 V, a Vloss of 0.552 V, and a PCE of 13.75%, which is one of the highest PCEs based on nonhalogenated A-DA'D-A-type acceptors with VOC > 0.9 V. After further blending with the nonhalogenated donor polymer PBT1-C with a conjugated phenyl side chain, the VOC increases to 1.021 V with a super low ΔVnonrad of 0.14 V owing to the greatly improved electroluminescence external quantum efficiency (EQEEL) of 4.42 × 10-3. Our results indicate that there is still a large room to decrease the ΔVnonrad and increase VOC by synergistic molecular engineering of p-type polymers and n-type small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zehua He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Henan Institutes of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yanming Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ailing Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Henan Institutes of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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