101
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Qazi TH, Duda GN, Ort MJ, Perka C, Geissler S, Winkler T. Cell therapy to improve regeneration of skeletal muscle injuries. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:501-516. [PMID: 30843380 PMCID: PMC6596399 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases that jeopardize the musculoskeletal system and cause chronic impairment are prevalent throughout the Western world. In Germany alone, ~1.8 million patients suffer from these diseases annually, and medical expenses have been reported to reach 34.2bn Euros. Although musculoskeletal disorders are seldom fatal, they compromise quality of life and diminish functional capacity. For example, musculoskeletal disorders incur an annual loss of over 0.8 million workforce years to the German economy. Among these diseases, traumatic skeletal muscle injuries are especially problematic because they can occur owing to a variety of causes and are very challenging to treat. In contrast to chronic muscle diseases such as dystrophy, sarcopenia, or cachexia, traumatic muscle injuries inflict damage to localized muscle groups. Although minor muscle trauma heals without severe consequences, no reliable clinical strategy exists to prevent excessive fibrosis or fatty degeneration, both of which occur after severe traumatic injury and contribute to muscle degeneration and dysfunction. Of the many proposed strategies, cell-based approaches have shown the most promising results in numerous pre-clinical studies and have demonstrated success in the handful of clinical trials performed so far. A number of myogenic and non-myogenic cell types benefit muscle healing, either by directly participating in new tissue formation or by stimulating the endogenous processes of muscle repair. These cell types operate via distinct modes of action, and they demonstrate varying levels of feasibility for muscle regeneration depending, to an extent, on the muscle injury model used. While in some models the injury naturally resolves over time, other models have been developed to recapitulate the peculiarities of real-life injuries and therefore mimic the structural and functional impairment observed in humans. Existing limitations of cell therapy approaches include issues related to autologous harvesting, expansion and sorting protocols, optimal dosage, and viability after transplantation. Several clinical trials have been performed to treat skeletal muscle injuries using myogenic progenitor cells or multipotent stromal cells, with promising outcomes. Recent improvements in our understanding of cell behaviour and the mechanistic basis for their modes of action have led to a new paradigm in cell therapies where physical, chemical, and signalling cues presented through biomaterials can instruct cells and enhance their regenerative capacity. Altogether, these studies and experiences provide a positive outlook on future opportunities towards innovative cell-based solutions for treating traumatic muscle injuries-a so far unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie J Ort
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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102
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Ghanim H, Dhindsa S, Batra M, Green K, Abuaysheh S, Kuhadiya ND, Makdissi A, Chaudhuri A, Dandona P. Effect of Testosterone on FGF2, MRF4, and Myostatin in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Relevance to Muscle Growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:2094-2102. [PMID: 30629183 PMCID: PMC6481910 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 is an important stimulatory modulator of satellite cells in skeletal muscle. Satellite cells play a cardinal role in muscle growth and repair. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether skeletal muscle expression of FGF2 and muscle growth and differentiation factors are reduced in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and whether testosterone replacement therapy results in their restoration. DESIGN This is a secondary analysis of a previously completed trial of testosterone replacement in men with type 2 diabetes and HH. SETTING Clinical Research Center at a university. PATIENTS Twenty-two men with HH and 20 eugonadal men were compared at baseline. INTERVENTIONS Twelve men with HH were treated with intramuscular injections of 250 mg testosterone every 2 weeks for 22 weeks, and 10 men received placebo injections. Quadriceps muscle biopsies and blood samples were obtained before and after testosterone therapy. OUTCOME MEASURES AND RESULTS The expression of FGF2 and FGF receptor (FGFR)2 in skeletal muscle of men with HH was significantly lower than that in eugonadal men by 57% and 39%, respectively (P < 0.05). After 22 weeks of testosterone, the expression of FGF2 increased, whereas that of myogenic regulatory factor (MRF)4 and myostatin decreased significantly. There was no change in expression of FGFR2, myogenin, or myogenic differentiation protein in the skeletal muscle. Plasma FGF2 and IGF-1 concentrations increased after testosterone therapy. CONCLUSIONS These data show that testosterone is a major modulator of FGF2, MRF4, and myostatin expression in skeletal muscle. These effects may contribute to the increase in muscle mass after testosterone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Ghanim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Sandeep Dhindsa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Manav Batra
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Kelly Green
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Sanaa Abuaysheh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Nitesh D Kuhadiya
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Antoine Makdissi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Ajay Chaudhuri
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
| | - Paresh Dandona
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Williamsville, New York 14221
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Paresh Dandona, MD, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1000 Youngs Road, Suite 105, Williamsville, New York 14221. E-mail:
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103
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Kirmse M, Oertzen-Hagemann V, de Marées M, Bloch W, Platen P. Prolonged Collagen Peptide Supplementation and Resistance Exercise Training Affects Body Composition in Recreationally Active Men. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051154. [PMID: 31126103 PMCID: PMC6566878 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the effects of long-term collagen peptide (CP) supplementation and resistance exercise training (RET) on body composition, strength, and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) in recreationally active men. Fifty-seven young men were randomly and double-blinded divided into a group receiving either collagen peptides (COL, 15 g/day) or a placebo (PLA). Strength testing, bioimpedance analysis, and muscle biopsies were used prior to and after an RET intervention. Food record protocols were performed during the RET intervention. The groups trained three times a week for 12 weeks. Baseline parameters showed no differences between groups, and the external training load and dietary food intake were also similar. COL showed a significant increase in fat-free mass (FFM) compared with the placebo group (p < 0.05). Body fat mass (BFM) was unchanged in COL, whereas a significant increase in BFM was observed in PLA. Both groups showed significant increases in all strength tests, with a trend for a slightly more pronounced effect in COL. The fCSA of type II muscle fibers increased significantly in both groups without differences between the two groups. We firstly demonstrated improved body composition in healthy, recreationally active men subsequent to prolonged CP supplementation in combination with RET. As the observed increase in FFM was not reflected in differences in fCSA hypertrophy between groups, we assume enhanced passive connective tissue adaptations in COL due to CP intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Kirmse
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Gesundheitscampus Nord 10, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Oertzen-Hagemann
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Gesundheitscampus Nord 10, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Markus de Marées
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Gesundheitscampus Nord 10, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Petra Platen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Gesundheitscampus Nord 10, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
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104
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Tang X, Daneshmandi L, Awale G, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 5:233-251. [PMID: 33778155 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have the intrinsic ability to regenerate after minor injury, but under certain circumstances such as severe trauma from accidents, chronic diseases or battlefield injuries the regeneration process is limited. Skeletal muscle regenerative engineering has emerged as a promising approach to address this clinical issue. The regenerative engineering approach involves the convergence of advanced materials science, stem cell science, physical forces, insights from developmental biology, and clinical translation. This article reviews recent studies showing the potential of the convergences of technologies involving biomaterials, stem cells and bioactive factors in concert with clinical translation, in promoting skeletal muscle regeneration. Several types of biomaterials such as electrospun nanofibers, hydrogels, patterned scaffolds, decellularized tissues, and conductive matrices are being investigated. Detailed discussions are given on how these biomaterials can interact with cells and modulate their behavior through physical, chemical and mechanical cues. In addition, the application of physical forces such as mechanical and electrical stimulation are reviewed as strategies that can further enhance muscle contractility and functionality. The review also discusses established animal models to evaluate regeneration in two clinically relevant muscle injuries; volumetric muscle loss (VML) and muscle atrophy upon rotator cuff injury. Regenerative engineering approaches using advanced biomaterials, cells, and physical forces, developmental cues along with insights from immunology, genetics and other aspects of clinical translation hold significant potential to develop promising strategies to support skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Tang
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Leila Daneshmandi
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Guleid Awale
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lakshmi S Nair
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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105
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Nakayama KH, Shayan M, Huang NF. Engineering Biomimetic Materials for Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801168. [PMID: 30725530 PMCID: PMC6589032 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Although skeletal muscle is highly regenerative following injury or disease, endogenous self-regeneration is severely impaired in conditions of volume traumatic muscle loss. Consequently, tissue engineering approaches are a promising means to regenerate skeletal muscle. Biological scaffolds serve as not only structural support for the promotion of cellular ingrowth but also impart potent modulatory signaling cues that may be beneficial for tissue regeneration. In this work, the progress of tissue engineering approaches for skeletal muscle engineering and regeneration is overviewed, with a focus on the techniques to create biomimetic engineered tissue using extracellular cues. These factors include mechanical and electrical stimulation, geometric patterning, and delivery of growth factors or other bioactive molecules. The progress of evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of these approaches in preclinical models of muscle injury is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina H Nakayama
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mahdis Shayan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ngan F Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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106
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Somm E, Jornayvaz FR. Fibroblast Growth Factor 15/19: From Basic Functions to Therapeutic Perspectives. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:960-989. [PMID: 30124818 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Discovered 20 years ago, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)19, and its mouse ortholog FGF15, were the first members of a new subfamily of FGFs able to act as hormones. During fetal life, FGF15/19 is involved in organogenesis, affecting the development of the ear, eye, heart, and brain. At adulthood, FGF15/19 is mainly produced by the ileum, acting on the liver to repress hepatic bile acid synthesis and promote postprandial nutrient partitioning. In rodents, pharmacologic doses of FGF19 induce the same antiobesity and antidiabetic actions as FGF21, with these metabolic effects being partly mediated by the brain. However, activation of hepatocyte proliferation by FGF19 has long been a challenge to its therapeutic use. Recently, genetic reengineering of the molecule has resolved this issue. Despite a global overlap in expression pattern and function, murine FGF15 and human FGF19 exhibit several differences in terms of regulation, molecular structure, signaling, and biological properties. As most of the knowledge originates from the use of FGF19 in murine models, differences between mice and humans in the biology of FGF15/19 have to be considered for a successful translation from bench to bedside. This review summarizes the basic knowledge concerning FGF15/19 in mice and humans, with a special focus on regulation of production, morphogenic properties, hepatocyte growth, bile acid homeostasis, as well as actions on glucose, lipid, and energy homeostasis. Moreover, implications and therapeutic perspectives concerning FGF19 in human diseases (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, biliary disorders, and cancer) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Somm
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François R Jornayvaz
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
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107
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Renzini A, Marroncelli N, Noviello C, Moresi V, Adamo S. HDAC4 Regulates Skeletal Muscle Regeneration via Soluble Factors. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1387. [PMID: 30319457 PMCID: PMC6171007 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses a high ability to regenerate after an insult or in pathological conditions, relying on satellite cells, the skeletal muscle stem cells. Satellite cell behavior is tightly regulated by the surrounding microenvironment, which provides multiple signals derived from local cells and systemic factors. Among epigenetic mechanisms, histone deacetylation has been proved to affect muscle regeneration. Indeed, pan-histone deacetylase inhibitors were found to improve muscle regeneration, while deletion of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in satellite cells inhibits their proliferation and differentiation, leading to compromised muscle regeneration. In this study, we delineated the HDAC4 function in adult skeletal muscle, following injury, by using a tissue-specific null mouse line. We showed that HDAC4 is crucial for skeletal muscle regeneration by mediating soluble factors that influence muscle-derived cell proliferation and differentiation. These findings add new biological functions to HDAC4 in skeletal muscle that need considering when administering histone deacetylase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Renzini
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Marroncelli
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Noviello
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Moresi
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Adamo
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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108
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Brandt AM, Kania JM, Gonzalez ML, Johnson SE. Hepatocyte growth factor acts as a mitogen for equine satellite cells via protein kinase C δ-directed signaling. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:3645-3656. [PMID: 29917108 PMCID: PMC6127786 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signals mediate mouse skeletal muscle stem cell, or satellite cell (SC), reentry into the cell cycle and myoblast proliferation. Because the athletic horse experiences exercise-induced muscle damage, the objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of HGF on equine SC (eqSC) bioactivity. Fresh isolates of adult eqSC were incubated with increasing concentrations of HGF and the initial time to DNA synthesis was measured. Media supplementation with HGF did not shorten (P > 0.05) the duration of G0/G1 transition suggesting the growth factor does not affect activation. Treatment with 25 ng/mL HGF increased (P < 0.05) eqSC proliferation that was coincident with phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1). Chemical inhibition of the upstream effectors of ERK1/2 or AKT1 elicited no effect (P > 0.05) on HGF-mediated 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation. By contrast, treatment of eqSC with 2 µm Gö6983, a pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, blocked (P < 0.05) HGF-initiated mitotic activity. Gene-expression analysis revealed that eqSC express PKCα, PKCδ, and PKCε isoforms. Knockdown of PKCδ with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented (P > 0.05) HGF-mediated EdU incorporation. The siPKCδ was specific to the kinase and did not affect (P > 0.05) expression of either PKCα or PKCε. Treatment of confluent eqSC with 25 ng/mL HGF suppressed (P < 0.05) nuclear myogenin expression during the early stages of differentiation. These results demonstrate that HGF may not affect activation but can act as a mitogen and modest suppressor of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Brandt
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA
| | - Joanna M Kania
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA
| | - Madison L Gonzalez
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA
| | - Sally E Johnson
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA
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109
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Keller-Pinter A, Szabo K, Kocsis T, Deak F, Ocsovszki I, Zvara A, Puskas L, Szilak L, Dux L. Syndecan-4 influences mammalian myoblast proliferation by modulating myostatin signalling and G1/S transition. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3139-3151. [PMID: 30129974 PMCID: PMC6221024 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin, a TGF‐β superfamily member, is a negative regulator of muscle growth. Here we describe how myostatin activity is regulated by syndecan‐4, a ubiquitous transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan. During muscle regeneration the levels of both syndecan‐4 and promyostatin decline gradually after a sharp increase, concurrently with the release of mature myostatin. Promyostatin and syndecan‐4 co‐immunoprecipitate, and the interaction is heparinase‐sensitive. ShRNA‐mediated silencing of syndecan‐4 reduces C2C12 myoblast proliferation via blocking the progression from G1‐ to S‐phase of the cell cycle, which is accompanied by elevated levels of myostatin and p21(Waf1/Cip1), and decreases in cyclin E and cyclin D1 expression. Our results suggest that syndecan‐4 functions as a reservoir for promyostatin regulating the local bioavailability of mature myostatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniko Keller-Pinter
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kitti Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamas Kocsis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Imre Ocsovszki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Agnes Zvara
- Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Puskas
- Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Szilak
- Szilak Laboratories Bioinformatics & Molecule-Design Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Dux
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
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110
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Cheng X, Huang H, Luo X, Shi B, Li J. Wnt7a induces satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy in rat craniofacial muscle. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10613. [PMID: 30006540 PMCID: PMC6045621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial muscles drive critical functions in the head, including speech, feeding and expression. Compared with their counterparts in trunk and limbs, craniofacial muscles are of distinct embryonic origins, which might consequently lead to different growth patterns and regenerative potential. In this study, rat levator veli palatini muscle and masseter muscle were compared with tibialis anterior muscle in their response to exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, which has been proved effective in promoting muscle regeneration in the limbs. Histological, cellular and molecular analyses were performed both under basal condition and after a single dose injection of recombinant human Wnt7a. Under basal condition, levator veli palatini muscle demonstrated considerably more satellite cells than the others. After Wnt7a administration, regeneration-related activities, including satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy were generally observed in all three muscles, but with obvious differences in the extent. The composition of fast/slow myofibers underwent substantial alterations, and the pattern varied among the three muscles. Location-specific alterations in the expression level of core components in planar cell polarity pathway, Akt/mTOR pathway and myostatin pathway were also observed. In conclusion, both craniofacial and limb muscles could be effectively expanded by exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, but muscle-to-muscle variations in response patterns existed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hanyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyou Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jingtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
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111
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Taetzsch T, Brayman VL, Valdez G. FGF binding proteins (FGFBPs): Modulators of FGF signaling in the developing, adult, and stressed nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2983-2991. [PMID: 29902550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family are involved in a variety of cellular processes. In the nervous system, they affect the differentiation and migration of neurons, the formation and maturation of synapses, and the repair of neuronal circuits following insults. Because of the varied yet critical functions of FGF ligands, their availability and activity must be tightly regulated for the nervous system, as well as other tissues, to properly develop and function in adulthood. In this regard, FGF binding proteins (FGFBPs) have emerged as strong candidates for modulating the actions of secreted FGFs in neural and non-neural tissues. Here, we will review the roles of FGFBPs in the peripheral and central nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Taetzsch
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA.
| | - Vanessa L Brayman
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA; Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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112
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Coffin JD, Homer-Bouthiette C, Hurley MM. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 and Its Receptors in Bone Biology and Disease. J Endocr Soc 2018; 2:657-671. [PMID: 29942929 PMCID: PMC6009610 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) regulatory axis is phylogenetically ancient, evolving into a large mammalian/human gene family of 22 ligands that bind to four receptor tyrosine kinases for a complex physiologic system controlling cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism. The tissue targets for the primary FGF function are mainly in cartilage and in bone for morphogenesis, mineralization, and metabolism. A multitude of complexities in the FGF ligand-receptor signaling pathways have made translation into therapies for FGF-related bone disorders such as osteomalacia, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis difficult but not impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marja Marie Hurley
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UCONN Health, Farmington, Connecticut
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113
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Matsubara A, Oda S, Akai S, Tsuneyama K, Yokoi T. Establishment of a drug-induced rhabdomyolysis mouse model by co-administration of ciprofloxacin and atorvastatin. Toxicol Lett 2018; 291:184-193. [PMID: 29679711 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyolysis is one of the serious side effects of ciprofloxacin (CPFX), a widely used antibacterial drug; and occasionally, acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs. Often, rhabdomyolysis has occurred in patients taking CPFX co-administered with statins. The purpose of this study is to establish a mouse model of drug-induced rhabdomyolysis by co-administration of CPFX and atorvastatin (ATV) and to clarify the mechanisms of its pathogenesis. C57BL/6J mice treated with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione synthesis inhibitor, were orally administered with CPFX and ATV for 4 days. Plasma levels of creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased in the CPFX and ATV-co-administered group. Histopathological examination of skeletal muscle observed degeneration in gastrocnemius muscle and an increased number of the satellite cells. Expressions of skeletal muscle-specific microRNA and mRNA in plasma and skeletal muscle, respectively, were significantly increased. The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma CPFX was significantly increased in the CPFX and ATV-co-administered group. Furthermore, cytoplasmic vacuolization and a positively myoglobin-stained region in kidney tissue and high content of myoglobin in urine were observed. These results indicated that AKI was induced by myoglobin that leaked from skeletal muscle. The established mouse model in the present study would be useful for predicting potential rhabdomyolysis risks in preclinical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Matsubara
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shingo Oda
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sho Akai
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-5 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yokoi
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
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114
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Zhao Y, Cao F, Yu X, Chen C, Meng J, Zhong R, Zhang Y, Zhu D. Linc-RAM is required for FGF2 function in regulating myogenic cell differentiation. RNA Biol 2018; 15:404-412. [PMID: 29364044 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2018.1431494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic differentiation of skeletal muscle stem cells, also known satellite cells, is tightly orchestrated by extrinsic and intrinsic regulators. Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is well documented to be implicated in satellite cell self-renewal and differentiation by repressing MyoD. We recently identified a MyoD-regulated and skeletal muscle-specifically expressed long non-coding RNA Linc-RAM which enhances myogenic differentiation by facilitating MyoD/Baf60c/Brg1 complex assembly. Herein, we investigated the transcriptional regulation and intracellular signaling pathway in mediating Linc-RAM gene expression during muscle cell differentiation. Firstly, we demonstrate Linc-RAM is negatively regulated by FGF2 via Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathway in muscle cells. Overexpression of MyoD significantly attenuates repression of Linc-RAM promoter activities in C2C12 cells treated with FGF2. Knockout of MyoD abolishes FGF2-mediated repression of Linc-RAM gene transcription in satellite cells sorted from skeletal muscle of MyoD-/-;Pax7-nGFP mice, suggesting inhibition of MyoD is required for FGF2-mediated expression of Linc-RAM. For the functional significance, we show that overexpression of Linc-RAM rescues FGF2-induced inhibition of C2C12 cell differentiation, indicating inhibition of Linc-RAM is required for FGF2-mediated suppression of myogenic differentiation. Consistently, we are able to further corroborate the requirement of Linc-RAM inhibition for FGF2-modulated repression of myogenic differentiation by using an ex vivo cultured single fiber system and satellite cells sorted from Linc-RAM-/-;Pax7-nGFP knockout mice. Collectively, the present study not only reveals the intracellular signaling in FGF2-mediated Linc-RAM gene expression but also demonstrate the functional significance of Linc-RAM in FGF2-mediated muscle cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Zhao
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
| | - Fengqi Cao
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
| | - Chuyan Chen
- b Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Shuaifuyuan No.1, Beijing , China
| | - Jiao Meng
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
| | - Ran Zhong
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
| | - Yong Zhang
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
| | - Dahai Zhu
- a The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing , China
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Brandt AM, Kania JM, Reinholt BM, Johnson SE. Human IL6 stimulates bovine satellite cell proliferation through a Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-dependent mechanism. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2018; 62:32-38. [PMID: 28917653 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bovine satellite cell (bSC) myogenesis and skeletal muscle hypertrophy occur through the orchestrated actions of multiple autocrine and paracrine growth factors. Intimate to the bSC niche is IL6, a dual-purpose cytokine with proinflammatory and mitogenic properties. The objective of the experiment was to examine the effects of IL6 on proliferation and differentiation of bSC in vitro. Treatment of primary bSC cultures with recombinant bovine IL6 (bIL6) failed to alter myogenesis owing to the absence of intracellular signal transduction. The cytokine was able to stimulate phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 tyrosine 705 (STAT3Y705) in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) epithelial cells, thus demonstrating bioactivity. Media supplemented with recombinant human IL6 (hIL6) caused phosphorylation of STAT3Y705 in bSC and increased (P < 0.05) proliferation. Inclusion of a STAT3 inhibitor in the media blunted phosphorylation of the STAT3Y705 and suppressed (P < 0.05) hIL6-mediated bSC proliferation. Morphologic and biochemical measures of bSC differentiation remained unchanged (P > 0.05) following treatment for 48 h with hIL6. These results support a role for hIL6 as a bSC mitogen in vitro. The inability of bIL6 to initiate an intracellular signal in bSC requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Brandt
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - J M Kania
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - B M Reinholt
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - S E Johnson
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Animal and Poultry Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
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116
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Maddaluno L, Urwyler C, Werner S. Fibroblast growth factors: key players in regeneration and tissue repair. Development 2017; 144:4047-4060. [PMID: 29138288 DOI: 10.1242/dev.152587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue injury initiates a complex repair process, which in some organisms can lead to the complete regeneration of a tissue. In mammals, however, the repair of most organs is imperfect and results in scar formation. Both regeneration and repair are orchestrated by a highly coordinated interplay of different growth factors and cytokines. Among the key players are the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), which control the migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of different cell types. In addition, FGFs influence the expression of other factors involved in the regenerative response. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the roles of endogenous FGFs in regeneration and repair in different organisms and in different tissues and organs. Gaining a better understanding of these FGF activities is important for appropriate modulation of FGF signaling after injury to prevent impaired healing and to promote organ regeneration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Maddaluno
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Urwyler
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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117
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Loiben AM, Soueid-Baumgarten S, Kopyto RF, Bhattacharya D, Kim JC, Cosgrove BD. Data-Modeling Identifies Conflicting Signaling Axes Governing Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation Responses to Diverse Ligand Stimuli. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:433-450. [PMID: 31719871 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle tissue development and regeneration relies on the proliferation, maturation and fusion of muscle progenitor cells (myoblasts), which arise transiently from muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Following muscle damage, myoblasts proliferate and differentiate in response to temporally-varying inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix cues, which stimulate a shared network of intracellular signaling pathways. Here we present an integrated data-modeling approach to elucidate synergies and antagonisms among proliferation and differentiation signaling axes in myoblasts stimulated by regeneration-associated ligands. Methods We treated mouse primary myoblasts in culture with combinations of eight regeneration-associated growth factors and cytokines in mixtures that induced additive, synergistic, and antagonistic effects on myoblast proliferation and differentiation responses. For these combinatorial stimuli, we measured the activation dynamics of seven signal transduction pathways using multiplexed phosphoprotein assays and scored proliferation and differentiation responses based on expression of myogenic commitment factors to assemble a cue-signaling-response data compendium. We interrogated the relationship between these signals and responses by partial least-squares (PLS) regression modeling. Results Partial least-squares data-modeling accurately predicted response outcomes in cross-validation on the training compendium (cumulative R 2 = 0.96). The PLS model highlighted signaling axes that distinctly govern myoblast proliferation (MEK-ERK, Stat3) and differentiation (JNK) in response to these combinatorial cues, and we confirmed these signal-response associations with small molecule perturbations. Unexpectedly, we observed that a negative feedback circuit involving the phosphatase DUSP6/MKP-3 auto-regulates MEK-ERK signaling in myoblasts. Conclusion This data-modeling approach identified conflicting signaling axes that underlie muscle progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Loiben
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | | | - Ruth F Kopyto
- 2Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Debadrita Bhattacharya
- 3Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Joseph C Kim
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Benjamin D Cosgrove
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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118
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Abstract
In a recent study published in Nature Medicine, Benoit et al. (2017) reported unique effects of FGF19 on mouse skeletal muscle: FGF19 induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy and blocked muscle atrophy, acting via FGF receptors and ßKlotho, while a related FGF21 hormone was ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Glass
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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