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Repeated arctigenin treatment produces antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects in mice. Brain Res Bull 2018; 146:79-86. [PMID: 30597190 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the root of various diseases. It is one of the most debilitating conditions globally. Antidepressant drugs are usually the first-line of depression treatment. Arctigenin (ARC), one of active ingredient of Arctium lappa L, has been found to exert neuroprotective, anti-decrepitude, and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of ARC using acute and chronic mild stress (CMS) mice model. ICR mice model received acute stress or chronic mild stress assessed by open field test (OFT), novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), sucrose preference test (SPT), forced-swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). After the final test, blood was collected to detect the serum levels of angiogenin (ANG), thrombopoietin (TPO), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The behavioral results showed that repeated ARC (10, 30 mg/kg) administration significantly relieved the antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects. And repeated ARC administration at the dose of 10 and 30 mg/kg could significantly block depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors caused by CMS. Finally, ELISA results showed that ARC administration increased the serum levels of angiogenin (ANG), thrombopoietin (TPO), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results showed that chronic ARC administration produces antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects, which provides direct evidence for the first time that ARC may be a novel strategy for the treatment of depression and even stress-related disorders. The present data supports further exploration for developing ARC administration as a novel therapeutic strategy for depression and even stress-related disorders.
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102
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Nguyen TTN, Vo TT, Nguyen BNH, Nguyen DT, Dang VS, Dang CH, Nguyen TD. Silver and gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by aqueous extract of burdock root, Arctium lappa as antimicrobial agent and catalyst for degradation of pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34247-34261. [PMID: 30291612 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an efficient and facile method for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using aqueous extract of burdock root (BR), A. lappa, and their applications. The nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, thermogravimetry, and differential thermal analysis. AgNPs capped the BR extract (BR-AgNPs) possessed roughly spherical geometry with an average diameter of 21.3 nm while uneven geometry of AuNPs capped the BR extract (BR-AuNPs) showed multi shapes in average size of 24.7 nm. The BR-AgNPs strongly inhibited five tested microorganism strains. In particular, the nanoparticles showed excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of pollutants within wastewater. Pseudo-first-order rate constants for the degradation of 4-nitrophenol, methyl orange, and rhodamine B were respectively found 6.77 × 10-3, 3.70 × 10-3, and 6.07 × 10-3 s-1 for BR-AgNPs and 6.87 × 10-3, 6.07 × 10-3, and 7.07 × 10-3 s-1 for BR-AuNPs. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh-Ngan Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Truc Vo
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Van-Su Dang
- Department of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Chi-Hien Dang
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Danh Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City, Vietnam.
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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103
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Ha MS, Kim JH, Ha SM, Kim YS, Kim DY. Positive influence of aqua exercise and burdock extract intake on fitness factors and vascular regulation substances in elderly. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 64:73-78. [PMID: 30705515 PMCID: PMC6348416 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.18-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Health issues in elderly individuals are often complex and tend to lead to chronic diseases; such issues can be due to a decline in fitness resulting from lack of physical activity. Aqua exercise and burdock are positive effects on cardiovascular disease and vascular health. This study investigated the changes due to aqua exercise and burdock extract intake in senior fitness, prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in elderly women. Forty elderly women (65–80 years) volunteered for this study. After baseline measurements, participants were randomized into control (n = 8), aqua exercise (n = 11), aqua exercise and burdock extract intake combination (n = 11), and burdock extract intake groups (n = 10). The variables of senior fitness tests, PGI2 and TXA2 were measured in all participants before and after the 12-week study. Blood collections were carried out at the beginning- and the end of aqua exercise training. Muscular strength, endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance of aqua exercise and burdock extract intake group at post-test significantly increased compared to pre-test (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in PGI2 and TXA2 between pre- and post-training programs. In conclusion, our findings indicated that the aqua exercise and burdock extract intake improves senior fitness factors in elderly Korean women. Also, the program participation led to a balance between PGI2 and TXA2. Additionally, burdock extract intake may be useful in vascular health by playing a secondary role in disease prevention and health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seong Ha
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.,Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Ha
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Sin Kim
- Department of Leisure Sports, Jungwon University, 85 Munmu-ro, Goesan-eup, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk 28024, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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104
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de Souza ARC, Guedes AR, Folador Rodriguez JM, Bombardelli MC, Corazza ML. Extraction of Arctium Lappa leaves using supercritical CO2 + ethanol: Kinetics, chemical composition, and bioactivity assessments. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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105
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106
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Yari S, Karamian R, Asadbegy M, Hoseini E, Moazzami Farida SH. The protective effects ofArctium lappaL. Extract on testicular injuries induced by ethanol in rats. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13086. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Yari
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
| | - Roya Karamian
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
| | - Mostafa Asadbegy
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
| | - Ehsan Hoseini
- Department of Plant Sciences; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Kharazmi University; Tehran Iran
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107
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Yen CH, Chiu HF, Huang SY, Lu YY, Han YC, Shen YC, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang CK. Beneficial effect of Burdock complex on asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Helicobacter 2018. [PMID: 29520881 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burdock complex (BC) constitutes of burdock (Arctium lappa), angelica (Angelica sinensis), gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon), and sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, which are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating various disorders. This study intended to examine the anti-H. pylori activity of BC on AGS cell model as well as in asymptomatic H. pylori-infected subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS AGS cell incubated with H. pylori and treated with BC to evaluate the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), cell viability (MTT) anti-adhesion activity, and inflammatory markers. In case of clinical trial, H. pylori-positive subjects (urea breath test [UBT] >10%, n = 36) were enrolled and requested to intake BC (n = 19) or placebo (n = 17) for 8 weeks. Antioxidant capacity, total phenol, UBT, inflammatory markers were analyzed at the initial, 4th, 8th, and 10th weeks. Moreover, the endoscopic examination was carried out on baseline and 10th week. RESULTS In vitro studies showed that BC treatment significantly inhibited (P < .05) the inflammatory markers and adhesion of H. pylori to AGS cell. However, H. pylori-infected subject ingested with BC for 8 weeks significantly decreased (P < .05) the UBT value, inflammatory markers with improved antioxidant activity, and phenolic levels as compared to placebo. Also, consumption of BC considerably healed the ulcer wound. CONCLUSION Overall, the BC could attenuate H. pylori infection by inhibiting H. pylori adhesion and subsequent inflammatory response on the gastric epithelial cell (AGS) as well as clinically ameliorated UBT, antioxidant capacity, and alleviated inflammation to display its anti-H. pylori activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hua Yen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Well-being, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yu Huang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ying Lu
- Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Han
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Shen
- School of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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108
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Gao Q, Yang M, Zuo Z. Overview of the anti-inflammatory effects, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacies of arctigenin and arctiin from Arctium lappa L. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:787-801. [PMID: 29698388 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin (AR) and its glycoside, arctiin, are two major active ingredients of Arctium lappa L (A lappa), a popular medicinal herb and health supplement frequently used in Asia. In the past several decades, bioactive components from A lappa have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising therapeutic effects. In the current article, we aimed to provide an overview of the pharmacology of AR and arctiin, focusing on their anti-inflammatory effects, pharmacokinetics properties and clinical efficacies. Compared to acrtiin, AR was reported as the most potent bioactive component of A lappa in the majority of studies. AR exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) via modulation of several cytokines. Due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects, AR may serve as a potential therapeutic compound against both acute inflammation and various chronic diseases. However, pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated the extensive glucuronidation and hydrolysis of AR in liver, intestine and plasma, which might hinder its in vivo and clinical efficacy after oral administration. Based on the reviewed pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of AR, further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of AR via alternative administration routes are suggested to promote its ability to serve as a therapeutic agent as well as an ideal bioactive marker for A lappa.
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109
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Maxwell T, Lee KS, Kim S, Nam KS. Arctigenin inhibits the activation of the mTOR pathway, resulting in autophagic cell death and decreased ER expression in ER-positive human breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1339-1349. [PMID: 29436614 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin, a member of the Asteraceae family, is a biologically active lignan that is consumed worldwide due to its several health benefits. However, its use may pose a problem for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)α-positive breast cancer, since studies have shown that arctigenin is a phytoestrogen that exerts a proliferative effect by binding to the ER. Thus, in this study, we examined the effect of arctigenin on ERα-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to determine whether the consumption of arctigenin is safe for patients with breast cancer. First, we found that arctigenin inhibited the viability of the MCF-7 cells, and colony formation assay confirmed that this effect was cytotoxic rather than cytostatic. The cytotoxic effects were not mediated by cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, or necroptosis, despite DNA damage, as indicated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and phosphorylated H2A.X. An increase in lipidated LC3, a marker of autophagosome formation, was observed, indicating that autophagy was induced by arctigenin, which was found to be triggered by the inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We then examined the effects of arctigenin on ERα expression and determined whether it affects the sensitivity of the cells to tamoxifen, as tamoxifen is commonly used against hormone-responsive cancers and is known to act via the ERα. We found that treatment with arctigenin effectively downregulated ERα expression, which was found to be a consequence of the inhibition of the mTOR pathway. However, treatment with arctigenin in combination with tamoxifen did not affect the sensitivity of the cells to tamoxifen, but instead, exerted a synergistic effect. On the whole, our data indicate that the phytoestrogen, arctigenin, mainly targeted the mTOR pathway in ERα-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, leading to autophagy-induced cell death and the downregulation of ERα expression. Furthermore, the synergistic effects between arctigenin and tamoxifen suggest that the consumption of arctigenin is not only safe for patients with hormone-sensitive cancers, but may also be an effective co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thressi Maxwell
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Shik Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
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110
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Tirant M, Lotti T, Gianfaldoni S, Tchernev G, Wollina U, Bayer P. Integrative Dermatology - The Use of Herbals and Nutritional Supplements to Treat Dermatological Conditions. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:185-202. [PMID: 29484023 PMCID: PMC5816298 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
From humble beginnings at the dawn of time to it's advanced and successful status today, this essay traces the history of natural medicine and the development of integrated dermatology to what it is today. Some of the most well-known natural (international and Australian) products with an application in dermatology are discussed. The history and functions of the Psoriasis Eczema Clinic and the products developed by its founder, Prof. Michael Tirant, are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tirant
- Psoriasis & Skin Clinic, 374 Nepean Highway Frankston Victoria, Melbourne 3199, Australia
| | - Torello Lotti
- University G. Marconi of Rome - Dermatology and Venereology, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Gianfaldoni
- University G. Marconi of Rome - Dermatology and Venereology, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgi Tchernev
- Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior (MVR), Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
- ”Onkoderma”- Policlinic for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Uwe Wollina
- Städtisches Klinikum Dresden - Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Philip Bayer
- Psoriasis & Skin Clinic, 374 Nepean Highway Frankston Victoria, Melbourne 3199, Australia
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111
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Kim YK, Koppula S, Shim DW, In EJ, Kwak SB, Kim MK, Yu SH, Lee KH, Kang TB. Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Arctium lappa Extract on NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:6346734. [PMID: 29576797 PMCID: PMC5822850 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6346734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Arctium lappa (A. lappa), Compositae, is considered a potential source of nutrition and is used as a traditional medicine in East Asian countries for centuries. Although several studies have shown its biological activities as an anti-inflammatory agent, there have been no reports on A. lappa with regard to regulatory role in inflammasome activation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of A. lappa extract (ALE) on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that ALE inhibited IL-1β secretion from NLRP3 inflammasome activated bone marrow derived macrophages but not that secreted by NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes activation. Mechanistic studies revealed that ALE suppressed the ATPase activity of purified NLRP3 and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) generated during NLRP3 activation. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of ALE on NLRP3 inflammasome might be attributed to its ability to inhibit the NLRP3 ATPase function and attenuated the mROS during inflammasome activation. In addition, ALE significantly reduced the LPS-induced increase of plasma IL-1β in mouse peritonitis model. These results provide evidence of novel anti-inflammatory mechanisms of A. lappa, which might be used for therapeutic applications in the treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kyu Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Wan Shim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung In
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Bin Kwak
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Ki Kim
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyeun Yu
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Bong Kang
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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112
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Cao TL, Yang SY, Song KB. Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E131. [PMID: 29301339 PMCID: PMC5796080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. INU film alone showed poor physical properties. In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. All INU-CHI films containing OT exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Luyen Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - So-Young Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Kyung Bin Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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113
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Suliman Al-Gebaly A. Ameliorative Effect of Arctium lappa Against Cadmium Genotoxicity and Histopathology in Kidney of Wistar Rat. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:314-319. [PMID: 29023056 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.314.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential metal whose dispersion in the environment has increased recently, Cd may enhance cell oxidative stress that leads to DNA damage and apoptotic cell death. The study aimed to evaluate the antioxidative capability of Burdock root 'Arctium lappa' on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and histopathology of the kidney of Wistar rats. METHODOLOGY Cadmium was applied in a form of cadmium chloride to three groups (15 mg Cd kg-1) for five weeks with two groups pre-treated with 'Arctium lappa' administration, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 b.wt. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test to determine the difference among means using the JMP version 12. RESULTS Results revealed that cadmium induced a significant disorganization (p<0.05) of renal structure with collapsed tubular lamina and 76 μm tail length of the cells was observed, while histological sections of kidney pre-treated with 100 mg Arctium lappa kg-1 b.wt., showed a slightly less hypercellularity of glomerulus and reduction in the cell tail (59 μm). Furthermore, histological sections of kidney of rats pre-treated with 200 mg Arctium lappa kg-1 b.wt., showed high improvement of renal tubules and glomerulus with a prominent urinary space beside tail length of cells was recorded as 39 μm which was lower in comparison to other groups. CONCLUSION Moreover, cadmium induced cellular destruction of the kidney was resumed with the pre-treatment of the secondary metabolites as an antioxidant compounds that produced from plant extracts. Arctium lappa leaf extract was efficient at both applied doses while 200 mg Arctium lappa kg-1 b.wt., had the most ameliorative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Suliman Al-Gebaly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdul-Rahman University, 11474 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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114
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Li J, Yuan YP, Xu SC, Zhang N, Xu CR, Wan CX, Ren J, Zeng XF, Tang QZ. Arctiin protects against cardiac hypertrophy through inhibiting MAPKs and AKT signaling pathways. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 135:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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115
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Xu Y, Lou Z, Lee SH. Arctigenin represses TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in human lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:934-939. [PMID: 28951214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Arctigenin (ARC) is a lignan that is abundant in Asteraceae plants, which show anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. The current study investigated whether ARC affects cancer progression and metastasis, focusing on EMT using invasive human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. No toxicity was observed in the cells treated with different doses of ARC (12-100 μM). The treatment of ARC repressed TGF-β-stimulated changes of metastatic morphology and cell invasion and migration. ARC inhibited TGF-β-induced phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of smad2/3, and expression of snail. ARC also decreased expression of N-cadherin and increased expression of E-cadherin in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. These changes were accompanied by decreased amount of phospho-smad2/3 in nucleus and nuclear translocation of smad2/3. Moreover, ARC repressed TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of ERK and transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Our data demonstrate anti-metastatic activity of ARC in lung cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrui Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Lou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Seong-Ho Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Arctium minus crude extract presents antinociceptive effect in a mice acute gout attack model. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:505-519. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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117
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Dias MM, Zuza O, Riani LR, de Faria Pinto P, Pinto PLS, Silva MP, de Moraes J, Ataíde ACZ, de Oliveira Silva F, Cecílio AB, Da Silva Filho AA. In vitro schistosomicidal and antiviral activities of Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae) against Schistosoma mansoni and Herpes simplex virus-1. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:489-498. [PMID: 28780467 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis and herpes diseases represent serious issues to the healthcare systems, infecting a large number of people worldwide, mainly in developing countries. Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), known as "bardana" and "burdock", is a medicinal plant popularly used for several purposes, including as antiseptic. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro schistosomicidal and antiherpes activities of the crude extract of A. lappa, which have not yet been described. Fruits of A. lappa L. were extracted by maceration with ethanol: H2O (96:4 v/v) in order to obtain the hydroalcoholic extract of A. lappa (AL). In vitro schistosomicidal assays were assessed against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni, while the in vitro antiviral activity of AL was evaluated on replication of Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, using Vero cells and chemical composition of AL was determined by qualitative UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis of AL revealed the presence of dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans, such as arctiin and arctigenin. Results showed that AL was not cytotoxic to Vero cells even when tested at 400μg/mL. qPCR results indicated a significant viral load decreased for all tested concentrations of AL (400, 50, and 3.125μg/mL), which showed similar antiviral effect to acyclovir (50μg/mL) when tested at 400μg/mL. Also, AL (400, 200, and 100μg/mL) caused 100% mortality and significantly reduction on motor activity of all adult worms of S. mansoni. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed tegumental morphological alterations and changes on the numbers of tubercles of S. mansoni worms in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with AL. This report provides the first evidence for the in vitro schistosomicidal and antiherpes activities of AL, opening the route to further schistosomicidal and antiviral studies with AL and their compounds, especially lignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Meana Dias
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ohana Zuza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Lorena R Riani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Faria Pinto
- Departament of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos P Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Josué de Moraes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Z Ataíde
- Serviço de Biotecnologia e Saúde, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Oliveira Silva
- Serviço de Biotecnologia e Saúde, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alzira Batista Cecílio
- Serviço de Biotecnologia e Saúde, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ademar A Da Silva Filho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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118
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Hou B, Wang W, Gao H, Cai S, Wang C. Effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. roots on serum lipid metabolism. J Int Med Res 2017; 46:158-167. [PMID: 28758851 PMCID: PMC6011280 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517716341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify potential genes that may be involved in lipid metabolism in rats after treatment with aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L (burdock). Methods Rats were randomly divided into six groups: (i) control (standard diet); (ii) model group (high-fat diet only); (iii) high-fat diet and low-dose aqueous burdock root extract (2 g/kg); (iv) high-fat diet and moderate-dose aqueous burdock root extract (4 g/kg); (v) high-fat diet and high-dose aqueous burdock root extract (8 g/kg); and (vi) a positive control group exposed to a high-fat diet and simvastatin (10 mg/kg). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was performed to find the potential candidate genes involved in the modulation of blood lipids by treatment with aqueous burdock root extract. Results Burdock root extract reduced body weight and cholesterol levels in rats. KEGG analysis revealed 113 genes that were involved in metabolic pathways. Of these, 27 potential genes associated with blood lipid metabolism were identified. Conclusions Aqueous extract of burdock root reduced body weight and cholesterol in rats, possibly by modulating the differential expression of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hou
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wencheng Wang
- 2 Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Gao
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shanglang Cai
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Acid-gastric antisecretory effect of the ethanolic extract from Arctium lappa L. root: role of H +, K +-ATPase, Ca 2+ influx and the cholinergic pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:521-530. [PMID: 28755129 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arctium lappa L., popularly known as burdock, is a medicinal plant used worldwide. The antiulcer and gastric-acid antisecretory effects of ethanolic extract from roots of Arctium lappa (EET) were already demonstrated. However, the mechanism by which the extract reduces the gastric acid secretion remains unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the antisecretory mode of action of EET. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of EET on H+, K+-ATPase activity were verified in vitro, whereas the effects of the extract on cholinergic-, histaminergic- or gastrinergic-acid gastric stimulation were assessed in vivo on stimulated pylorus ligated rats. Moreover, ex vivo contractility studies on gastric muscle strips from rats were also employed. RESULTS The incubation with EET (1000 µg/ml) partially inhibited H+, K+-ATPase activity, and the intraduodenal administration of EET (10 mg/kg) decreased the volume and acidity of gastric secretion stimulated by bethanechol, histamine, and pentagastrin. EET (100-1000 µg/ml) did not alter the gastric relaxation induced by histamine but decreased acetylcholine-induced contraction in gastric fundus strips. Interestingly, EET also reduced the increase in the gastric muscle tone induced by 40 mM KCl depolarizing solution, as well as the maximum contractile responses evoked by CaCl2 in Ca2+-free depolarizing solution, without impairing the effect of acetylcholine on fundus strips maintained in Ca2+ -free nutritive solution. CONCLUSION Our results reinforce the gastric antisecretory properties of preparations obtained from Arctium lappa, and indicate that the mechanisms involved in EET antisecretory effects include a moderate reduction of the H+, K+-ATPase activity associated with inhibitory effects on calcium influx and of cholinergic pathways in the stomach muscle.
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120
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Ota A, Ulrih NP. An Overview of Herbal Products and Secondary Metabolites Used for Management of Type Two Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:436. [PMID: 28729836 PMCID: PMC5499308 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common effect of uncontrolled high blood sugar and it is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs. In the adult population, the global prevalence of diabetes has nearly doubled since 1980. Without effective prevention and management programs, the continuing significant rise in diabetes will have grave consequences on the health and lifespan of the world population, and also on the world economy. Supplements can be used to correct nutritional deficiencies or to maintain an adequate intake of certain nutrients. These are often used as treatments for diabetes, sometimes because they have lower costs, or are more accessible or "natural" compared to prescribed medications. Several vitamins, minerals, botanicals, and secondary metabolites have been reported to elicit beneficial effects in hypoglycemic actions in vivo and in vitro; however, the data remain conflicting. Many pharmaceuticals commonly used today are structurally derived from natural compounds from traditional medicinal plants. Botanicals that are most frequently used to help manage blood glucose include: bitter melon (Momordica charantia), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum), gurmar (Gymnema sylvestre), ivy gourd (Coccinia indica), nopal (Opuntia spp.), ginseng, Russian tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus), cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia), psyllium (Plantago ovata), and garlic (Allium sativum). In majority of the herbal products and secondary metabolites used in treating diabetes, the mechanisms of action involve regulation of insulin signaling pathways, translocation of GLUT-4 receptor and/or activation the PPARγ. Several flavonoids inhibit glucose absorption by inhibiting intestinal α-amylase and α-glucosidase. In-depth studies to validate the efficacies and safeties of extracts of these traditional medicinal plants are needed, and large, well designed, clinical studies need to be carried out before the use of such preparations can be recommended for treatment and/or prevention of diabetes. The main focus of this review is to describe what we know to date of the active compounds in these, along with their glucose-lowering mechanisms, which are either through insulin-mimicking activity or enhanced glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nataša P. Ulrih
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
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121
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Pirvu L, Nicorescu I, Hlevca C, Albu B, Nicorescu V. Burdock (Arctium lappa) Leaf Extracts Increase the In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy of Common Antibiotics on Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria. OPEN CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2017-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis work aimed to study the potential effects of four Arctii folium extracts, 5 mg gallic [GAE] acid equivalents per 1 mL sample, on six antibiotics (Ampicillin/AM, Tetracycline/TE, Ciprofloxacin/CIP, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim/SXT, Chloramphenicol/C and Gentamicin/CN) tested on four Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228) and five Gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis ATCC 29245, Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, E. coli ATCC 11229, E. coli ATCC 8739, and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778) bacteria. Arctii folium extracts were the whole ethanol extract/W and subsequent ethyl acetate/EA, aqueous/AQ, and chloroform/CHL fractions. Chemical qualitative analysis (HPTLC method) emphasized five main polyphenol compounds in Arctii folium polar extracts: chlorogenic acid (Rf≈0.52/0.55) and its isomer, 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (Rf≈0.90/0.92), plus cynarin (Rf≈0.77), hyperoside (Rf≈0.68/0.64) and isoquercitrin (Rf≈0.69/0.71). Microbiological screening indicated Arctii folium polar extracts (AQ and W) efficacy on S. epidermidis ATCC 12228; the MIC values were in the range of common antibiotics, being 32 and 128 μg GAE per mL sample respectively. The unpredictable effects (stimulatory or inhibitory) of Arctii folium extracts in combination with typical antibiotics as well as a potential use of the whole ethanol extract/W for restoring the antimicrobial potency of susceptible antibiotics have also been evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pirvu
- National Institute of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development (ICCF), Vitan 112, 031299, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Isabela Nicorescu
- Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Campul Mosilor 5, 021201, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Hlevca
- National Institute of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development (ICCF), Vitan 112, 031299, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bujor Albu
- National Institute of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development (ICCF), Vitan 112, 031299, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentin Nicorescu
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Splaiul Independentei 105, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
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122
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Ashour ML, Youssef FS, Gad HA, Wink M. Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) Activity by Extracts from 57 Plants Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:300-308. [PMID: 28539725 PMCID: PMC5421430 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbal medicine is widely used all over the world for treating various health disorders. It is employed either alone or in combination with synthetic drugs or plants to be more effective. Objective: The assessment of the effect of both water and methanol extracts of 57 widely used plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against the main phase I metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4 in vitro for the first time. Materials and Methods: The inhibition of cytochrome P450 activity was evaluated using a luminescence assay. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to correlate the inhibitory activity with the main secondary metabolites present in the plant extracts. Molecular modeling studies on CYP3A4 (PDB ID 4NY4) were carried out with 38 major compounds present in the most active plant extracts to validate the observed inhibitory effect. Results: Aqueous extracts of Acacia catechu, Andrographis paniculata, Arctium lappa, Areca catechu, Bupleurum marginatum, Chrysanthemum indicum, Dysosma versipellis, and Spatholobus suberectus inhibited CYP3A4 is more than 85% (at a dose of 100 μg/mL). The corresponding methanol extracts of A. catechu, A. paniculata, A. catechu, Mahonia bealei, and Sanguisorba officinalis inhibited the enzyme by more than 50%. Molecular modeling studies revealed that two polyphenols, namely hesperidin and rutin, revealed the highest fitting scores in the active sites of the CYP3A4 with binding energies equal to -74.09 and -71.34 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that many TCM plants can inhibit CYP3A4, which might cause a potential interference with the metabolism of other concomitantly administered herbs or drugs. SUMMARY In this study, the inhibitory activity of the aqueous and methanol extracts of 57 widely used plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against the main phase I metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4 was tested in vitro for the first time. Aqueous extracts of Acacia catechu, Andrographis paniculata, Arctium lappa, Areca catechu, Bupleurum marginatum, Dysosma versipellis, and Spatholobus suberectus inhibited CYP3A4 by more than 85% (at a dose of 100 μg/mL). The activity could be attributed to the presence of polyphenolics as revealed from the multivariate chemometric analysis and molecular modeling study. These results provide evidence that many TCM plants can inhibit CYP3A4, which might cause a potential interference with the metabolism of other concomitantly administered herbs or drugs.
Abbreviation used: CHARMm: Chemistry at HARvard Macromolecular Mechanics, CYP: Cytochrome P450, DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, PCA: Principal Component Analysis, PDB: Protein Data Bank, TCM: Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed L Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.,Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lee D, Kim CY. Influence of Roasting Treatment on the Antioxidant Activities and Color of Burdock Root Tea. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2017; 22:21-29. [PMID: 28401084 PMCID: PMC5383138 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2017.22.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The major trend in the antioxidant market is the growing consumer demand for natural antioxidants. Tea, one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, is an easy way to obtain antioxidant components from a natural source. Our objective was to develop burdock root tea (BRT) with potent antioxidant activity and good color quality. In order to obtain maximum antioxidant activity and quality, the effect of roasting was determined. The antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents of BRT increased as roasting increased. The color of BRT became darker with increased roasting, extraction time, and amount of burdock roots. Color of BRT was also positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity. Roasting significantly enhanced the total antioxidant activities and color quality of BRT. These results suggest that roasting BRT increases beneficial antioxidant components from burdock roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darye Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - Choon Young Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
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Cui Q, Hou Y, Wang Y, Li X, Liu Y, Ma X, Wang Z, Wang W, Tao J, Wang Q, Jiang M, Chen D, Feng X, Bai G. Biodistribution of arctigenin-loaded nanoparticles designed for multimodal imaging. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:27. [PMID: 28388905 PMCID: PMC5383946 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracking targets of natural products is one of the most challenging issues in fields ranging from pharmacognosy to biomedicine. It is widely recognized that the biocompatible nanoparticle (NP) could function as a "key" that opens the target "lock". RESULTS We report a functionalized poly-lysine NP technique that can monitor the target protein of arctigenin (ATG) in vivo non-invasively. The NPs were synthesized, and their morphologies and surface chemical properties were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), laser particle size analysis and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition, we studied the localization of ATG at the level of the cell and the whole animal (zebrafish and mice). We demonstrated that fluorescent NPs could be ideal carriers in the development of a feasible method for target identification. The distributions of the target proteins were found to be consistent with the pharmacological action of ATG at the cellular and whole-organism levels. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that functionalized poly-lysine NPs could be valuable in the multimodal imaging of arctigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Cui
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Xu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Ma
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengyong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiya Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Tao
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Xizeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Gang Bai
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
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Ghafari F, Rajabi MR, Mazoochi T, Taghizadeh M, Nikzad H, Atlasi MA, Taherian A. Comparing Apoptosis and Necrosis Effects of Arctium Lappa Root Extract and Doxorubicin on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:795-802. [PMID: 28441789 PMCID: PMC5464502 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.3.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and very common malignancy in women worldwide. The efficacy
of chemotherapy as an important part of breast cancer treatment is limited due to its side effects. While pharmaceutical
companies are looking for better chemicals, research on traditional medicines that generally have fewer side effects is
quite interesting. In this study, apoptosis and necrosis effect of Arctium lappa and doxorubicin was compared in MCF7,
and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Materials and Methods: MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640
containing 10% FBS and 100 U/ml penicillin/streptomycin. MTT assay and an annexin V/propidium iodide (AV/PI) kit
were used respectively to compare the survival rate and apoptotic effects of different concentrations of doxorubicin and
Arctium lappa root extract on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells. Results: Arctium lappa root extract was able to reduce
cell viability of the two cell lines in a dose and time dependent manner similar to doxorubicin. Flow cytometry results
showed that similar to doxorubicin, Arctium Lappa root extract had a dose and time dependent apoptosis effect on
both cell lines. 10μg/mL of Arctium lappa root extract and 5 μM of doxorubicin showed the highest anti-proliferative
and apoptosis effect in MCF7 and MDA231 cells. Conclusion: The MCF7 (ER/PR-) and MDA-MB-231 (ER/PR+)
cell lines represent two major breast cancer subtypes. The similar anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of Arctium
lappa root extract and doxorubicin (which is a conventional chemotherapy drug) on two different breast cancer cell
lines strongly suggests its anticancer effects and further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Ghafari
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran.
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Carlotto J, de Souza LM, Baggio CH, Werner MFDP, Maria-Ferreira D, Sassaki GL, Iacomini M, Cipriani TR. Polysaccharides from Arctium lappa L.: Chemical structure and biological activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:954-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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127
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Malviya N, Malviya S, Jain S, Vyas S. A review of the potential of medicinal plants in the management and treatment of male sexual dysfunction. Andrologia 2016; 48:880-93. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Malviya
- Smriti College of Pharmaceutical Education; Indore India
| | - S. Malviya
- Modern Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MIPS); Indore India
| | - S. Jain
- Modern Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MIPS); Indore India
| | - S. Vyas
- Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College; Indore India
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128
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Ahangarpour A, Ali-Akbari FR, Mohaghegh SM, Asadinia E. Effects of Arctium lappa aqueous extract on lipid profile and hepatic enzyme levels of sucrose-induced metabolic syndrome in female rats. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502016000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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129
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Venkateshbabu N, Anand S, Abarajithan M, Sheriff SO, Jacob PS, Sonia N. Natural Therapeutic Options in Endodontics - A Review. Open Dent J 2016; 10:214-26. [PMID: 27386007 PMCID: PMC4911752 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete eradication of microbial biofilms and elimination of the smear layer are the key factors during endodontic treatment. Various chemical irrigants have been proposed in the literature for the same. The major setback with these chemical irrigants is that they are not bio-friendly to the dental and peri-radicular tissues. In the recent years, research to use natural products for root canal disinfection has gained importance. The aim of this article is to compile various herbal products that have been used as an irrigants and intracanal medicaments in the field of Endodontics to eradicate the biofilm and remove smear layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Anand
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Penang International Dental College, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Sultan O Sheriff
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pulikkotil S Jacob
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nath Sonia
- Department of Periodontology, Vananchal Dental College, Garhwa, India
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130
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Yang WS, Lee SR, Jeong YJ, Park DW, Cho YM, Joo HM, Kim I, Seu YB, Sohn EH, Kang SC. Antiallergic Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Arctium lappa L. Undried Roots and Its Active Compound, Oleamide, in Regulating FcεRI-Mediated and MAPK Signaling in RBL-2H3 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3564-3573. [PMID: 27087645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The antiallergic potential of Arctium lappa L. was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats, ICR mice, and RBL-2H3 cells. Ethanol extract (90%) of A. lappa (ALE, 100 μg/mL) inhibited the degranulation rate by 52.9%, determined by the level of β-hexosaminidase. ALE suppressed passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats and attenuated anaphylaxis and histamine release in mice. To identify the active compound of ALE, we subsequently fractionated and determined the level of β-hexosaminidase in all subfractions. Oleamide was identified as an active compound of ALE, which attenuated the secretion of histamine and the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in cells treated with compound 48/80 or A23187/phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Oleamide suppressed FcεRI-tyrosine kinase Lyn-mediated pathway, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK/SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38-MAPKs). These results showed that ALE and oleamide attenuated allergic reactions and should serve as a platform to search for compounds with antiallergic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong-Suk Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Inje University , Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joon Jeong
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Park
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Cho
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Mi Joo
- Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. , Seongnam-si 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhye Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Bae Seu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hwa Sohn
- Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University , Samcheok 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
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Fang R, Cui Q, Sun J, Duan X, Ma X, Wang W, Cheng B, Liu Y, Hou Y, Bai G. PDK1/Akt/PDE4D axis identified as a target for asthma remedy synergistic with β2 AR agonists by a natural agent arctigenin. Allergy 2015; 70:1622-32. [PMID: 26335809 DOI: 10.1111/all.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogenetic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation with variable airflow obstruction and airway hyper-responsiveness. As the most potent and popular bronchodilators, β2 adrenergic receptor (β2 AR) agonists bind to the β2 ARs that are coupled via a stimulatory G protein to adenylyl cyclase, thereby improving cAMP accumulation and resulting in airway smooth muscle relaxation. We previously demonstrated arctigenin had a synergistic function with the β2 AR agonist, but the target for this remained elusive. METHOD Chemical proteomics capturing was used to enrich and uncover the target of arctigenin in human bronchial smooth muscle cells, and reverse docking and molecular dynamic stimulation were performed to evaluate the binding of arctigenin and its target. In vitro enzyme activities and protein levels were demonstrated with special kits and Western blotting. Finally, guinea pig tracheal muscle segregation and ex vivo function were analysed. RESULTS Arctigenin bound to PDK1 with an ideal binding free energy -25.45 kcal/mol and inhibited PDK1 kinase activity without changing its protein level. Additionally, arctigenin reduced PKB/Akt-induced phosphorylation of PDE4D, which was first identified in this study. Attenuation of PDE4D resulted in cAMP accumulation in human bronchial smooth muscle. The inhibition of PDK1 showed a synergistic function with β2 AR agonists and relaxed the constriction of segregated guinea pig tracheal muscle. CONCLUSIONS The PDK1/Akt/PDE4D axis serves as a novel asthma target, which may benefit airflow obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Peking University; Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Department of Biochemistry; College of Life Sciences; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Q. Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - J. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - X. Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - X. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - W. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - B. Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Y. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Y. Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - G. Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
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132
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Hess RF. Amish-Initiated Burn Care Project: Case Report and Lessons Learned in Participatory Research. J Transcult Nurs 2015; 28:212-219. [PMID: 26525584 DOI: 10.1177/1043659615613417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This case report describes the phases of an Amish Burn Care Project and the lessons learned throughout the process. METHOD Data sources to construct the case report included participant observation, interviews, archival documents, and a focus group. RESULTS The narrative is organized into five phases of a participatory research approach: engagement, formalization, mobilization, maintenance, and expansion. LESSONS LEARNED Community-initiated research led to legitimate change, working together for change took time, team members grew in mutual trust and respect for each other, cultural humility brought personal and professional growth, and capacity building took place through mutually supported efforts.
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Esmaeilbeig M, Kouhpayeh SA, Amirghofran Z. An Investigation of the Growth Inhibitory Capacity of Several Medicinal Plants From Iran on Tumor Cell Lines. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2015; 8:e4032. [PMID: 26634114 PMCID: PMC4667231 DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-4032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Traditional herbal medicine is a valuable resource that provides new drugs for cancer treatment. Objectives: In this study we aim to screen and investigate the in vitro anti-tumor activities of ten species of plants commonly grown in Southern Iran. Materials and Methods: We used the MTT colorimetric assay to evaluate the cytotoxic activities of the methanol extracts of these plants on various tumor cell lines. The IC50 was calculated as a scale for this evaluation. Results: Satureja bachtiarica, Satureja hortensis, Thymus vulgaris, Thymus daenensis and Mentha lonigfolia showed the inhibitoriest effects on Jurkat cells with > 80% inhibition at 200 µg/mL. Satureja hortensis (IC50: 66.7 µg/mL) was the most effective. These plants also strongly inhibited K562 cell growth; Satureja bachtiarica (IC50: 28.3 µg/mL), Satureja hortensis (IC50: 52 µg/mL) and Thymus vulgaris (IC50: 87 µg/mL) were the most effective extracts. Cichorium intybus, Rheum ribes, Alhagi pseudalhagi and Glycyrrihza glabra also showed notable effects on the leukemia cell lines. The Raji cell line was mostly inhibited by Satureja bachtiarica and Thymus vulgaris with approximately 40% inhibition at 200µg/ml. The influence of these extracts on solid tumor cell lines was not strong. Fen cells were mostly affected by Glycyrrihza glabra (IC50: 182 µg/mL) and HeLa cells by Satureja hortensis (31.6% growth inhibitory effect at 200 µg/mL). Conclusions: Leukemic cell lines were more sensitive to the extracts than the solid tumor cell lines; Satureja hortensis, Satureja bachtiarica, Thymus vulgaris, Thymus daenensis and Mentha lonigfolia showed remarkable inhibitory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Amin Kouhpayeh
- Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IR Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- Immunology Department, Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center and Autoimmune Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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134
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Xin H, Xia YL, Hou J, Wang P, He W, Yang L, Ge GB, Xu W. Identification and characterization of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases responsible for the in-vitro glucuronidation of arctigenin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1673-81. [PMID: 26407805 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to characterize the glucuronidation pathway of arctigenin (AR) in human liver microsomes (HLM) and human intestine microsomes (HIM).
Methods
HLM and HIM incubation systems were employed to catalyse the formation of AR glucuronide. The glucuronidation activity of commercially recombinant UGT isoforms towards AR was screened. A combination of chemical inhibition assay and kinetic analysis was used to determine the UGT isoforms involved in the glucuronidation of AR in HLM and HIM.
Key findings
AR could be extensively metabolized to one mono-glucuronide in HLM and HIM. The mono-glucuronide was biosynthesized and characterized as 4′-O-glucuronide. UGT1A1, 1A3, 1A7, 1A8, 1A9, 1A10, 2B4, 2B7 and 2B17 participated in the formation of 4′-O-G, while UGT2B17 demonstrated the highest catalytic activity in this biotransformation. Both kinetic analysis and chemical inhibition assays demonstrated that UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and UGT2B17 played important roles in AR-4′-O-glucuronidation in HLM. Furthermore, HIM demonstrated moderate efficiency for AR-4′-O-glucuronidation, implying that AR may undergo a first-pass metabolism during the absorption process.
Conclusion
UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and UGT2B17 were the major isoforms responsible for the 4′-O-glucuronidation of AR in HLM, while UGT2B7 and UGT2B17 were the major contributors to this biotransformation in HIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xin
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang-Liu Xia
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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135
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Ohkura N, Yokouchi H, Mimura M, Nakamura R, Atsumi GI. Screening for hemostatic activities of popular Chinese medicinal herbs in vitro. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2015; 4:19-23. [PMID: 26401379 PMCID: PMC4566763 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20141128032845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to identify new hemostyptics by assessing the coagulation enhancing activity of 114 Chinese herbal extracts in vitro. METHODS Herbs were boiled in water for 30 min, filtered and then lyophilized filtrates (10 mg/mL) were dissolved in water. Coagulation was assayed as prothrombin time (PT). Plasma diluted in saline was incubated with each extract for 5 min and then PT reagent was added, followed by CaCl2 solution and the time taken to form clots was measured. Extracts that decreased coagulation time were regarded as containing active compounds. The abilities of extracts to activate Factor XII were assessed and the activated form of factor XII (XIIa) was resolved by SDS-PAGE and visualized by silver staining. RESULTS Coagulation time was obviously shortened by extracts of Alpinia Rhizome, Areca, Artemisia Leaf, Cassia Bark, Danshen Root, Ephedra Herb, Epimedium Herb, Forsythia Fruit, Great Burdock Achene, Moutan Bark, Perilla Herb, Red Paeony Root, Schizonepeta Spike, Senticosus Rhizome, Sweet Annie, Uncaria Thorn and Zanthoxylum Peel. Factor XII was obviously activated by extracts of Artemisia Leaf and Great Burdock Achene, and slightly by Perilla herb. CONCLUSION Some popular Chinese medicinal herbs have potential as hemostatic agents and could thus be develope as new strategies for the treatment and prevention of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ohkura
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pathology, School of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruna Yokouchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pathology, School of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariyo Mimura
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pathology, School of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riki Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pathology, School of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen-Ichi Atsumi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pathology, School of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
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Lee G, Son Y, Jeon Y, Kang H, Hwang I. Changes in the Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Characteristics of Burdock (Arctium lappa) During Repeated Steaming and Drying Procedures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9721/kjfst.2015.47.3.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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137
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Su S, Cheng X, Wink M. Cytotoxicity of arctigenin and matairesinol against the T-cell lymphoma cell line CCRF-CEM. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1316-23. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Arctigenin and matairesinol possess a diversity of bioactivities. Here we investigated the cytotoxicity of arctigenin and matairesinol against a T-cell lymphoma cell line CCRF-CEM and the underlying mechanisms that have not been explored before.
Methods
The cytotoxic activity was investigated using MTT assay. The cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were determined by flow cytometric analysis. The apoptosis induction was assessed using Annexin V/Propidium Iodide assay. The gene quantification analysis was measured through real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Key findings
Arctigenin and matairesinol exhibited significant antiproliferative activity against CCRF-CEM cells after 72 h treatment with IC50 values of 1.21 ± 0.15 μm and 4.27 ± 0.41 μm, respectively. In addition, both lignans arrest CCRF-CEM cells in the S phase. Furthermore, they could induce apoptosis in CCRF-CEM cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Interestingly, the lignans differentially regulated the expression of several key genes involved in apoptosis pathways, including Bax, Bad and caspase-9. Moreover, both lignans could increase ROS levels in CCRF-CEM cells.
Conclusions
Our study provides an insight into the potential of arctigenin and matairesinol as good candidates for the development of novel agents against T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Su
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xinlai Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Smith JD, Clinard VB. Natural products for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid conditions. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2015; 54:e304-18; quiz e319-21. [PMID: 25107389 DOI: 10.1331/japha.2014.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide pharmacists with practical information to guide consumers in their choices of herbal products and dietary supplements for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its comorbid disease states. SUMMARY The herbal and dietary supplement market has grown exponentially over the past decade as Americans increasingly use such agents for generalized health and the prevention and treatment of chronic disease states.1 Pharmacist advice is often requested on the use of these agents for the management of T2DM; however, this is an area that has insufficient evidence to support confident recommendations. Many published studies involving herbal agents and dietary supplements are small and poorly designed, with heterogeneous results. Pharmacists should be aware of the safety and efficacy data available for these agents, recognize potential drug interactions, and identify acceptable manufactured products. CONCLUSION The strongest scientific evidence for blood glucose lowering effect is associated with alpha-lipoic acid and fenugreek. There is also good evidence supporting the use of ivy gourd, gymnema, and vitamin E for management of hyperglycemia; however, caution should be used when recommending vitamin E. Pharmacists should advise consumers to disclose use of any of these products to all of their health care providers.
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139
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Dei Cas L, Pugni F, Fico G. Tradition of use on medicinal species in Valfurva (Sondrio, Italy). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 163:113-34. [PMID: 25617749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In the past Alpine populations were isolated from comforts of industrial and technological development present in large cities and, therefore, they were obliged to find in nature a source of sustenance and care. Traditional use of plant is a wealth of local knowledge that is likely to be lost. This work, carried out during 2012, aims to collect, analyze and process information on the species used for medicinal, veterinary, cosmetic, domestic, ritual and religious purposes by the inhabitants of Valfurva, in the Province of Sondrio (Italy). Furthermore it is a means for the preservation of local traditions regarding such uses and increases the ethnobotanical data from Northern Italy, till now poorly documented. METHODS Our survey was conducted by semi-structered interviews. We interviewed 92 people, aged from 23 to 97 y.o., born or resident in Valfurva. All information collected and concerning their use of plants, were analyzed using ethnobotanical indices such as Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Relative Importance (RI) and Factor Informant Consensus (FIC). RESULTS Our study stated that people living in Valfurva use 126 species belonging to 48 families. Findings revealed that the most cited species is Achillea moschata Wulfen, with values of RFC and RI equal to 1.00 and 1.12 respectively. Furthermore, 95 species were collected in the wild and 31 were cultivated. The most commonly used part plants were leaves, flowers, fruits, roots and complete aerial parts. The most frequent preparation methods were infusion, decoction and poultice. Among the recorded species, 91 of them are used for medicinal purposes, 72 for cooking, 19 for veterinary purposes, 10 for animal feed, 12 for cosmetic practices, 7 for religious or ritual purposes and 45 for domestic and various uses. The validity of the species use emerged in our survey is confirmed by scientific literature and research conducted on the same topics. CONCLUSIONS This study increases ethnobotanical data coming from Italian Alps, whose regions have been so far hardly investigated. Our study confirms the interest in species already mentioned in previous surveys and placings. It also provides evidences which could be usefully exploited by new investigations aimed at knowing the active metabolites found responsible for plants use in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dei Cas
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; Orto Botanico "G.E. Ghirardi", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Pugni
- Rete degli Orti Botanici della Lombardia; Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Gelsomina Fico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; Orto Botanico "G.E. Ghirardi", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Italy; Rete degli Orti Botanici della Lombardia; Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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In vitro and in vivo antimutagenic effects of DIG, a herbal preparation of Berberis vulgaris, Taraxacum officinale and Arctium lappa, against mitomycin C. J Nat Med 2015; 69:267-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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141
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Jung Y, Ha M, Lee J, Ahn YG, Kwak JH, Ryu DH, Hwang GS. Metabolite Profiling of the Response of Burdock Roots to Copper Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1309-1317. [PMID: 25578619 DOI: 10.1021/jf503193c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), also known as burdock, has a long history of cultivation as a dietary vegetable worldwide. Stress in plants disrupts metabolic homeostasis and requires adjustment of metabolic pathways. Exposure to heavy metals is one of the most prevalent environmental stresses encountered by plants. In this study, metabolite profiling based on 1H NMR and GC-MS was used to obtain a holistic view of the response of burdock roots to copper stress. The principal component analysis model generated from the NMR data showed significant separation between groups. Copper-treated burdock roots were characterized by increased levels of phenols and decreased levels of primary metabolites. These results suggest that copper stress leads to activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway and growth inhibition. GC-MS analyses revealed increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids and decreased levels of sterols in the copper-treated group. Changes in metabolite concentrations were analyzed by UPLC/QTRAP-MS, and the significances were confirmed by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's test. Interestingly, linoleic acid was increased about 2.7-fold, from 316 ± 64.5 to 855 ± 111 ppm, in the group treated with copper for 6 days. This study demonstrates that metabolomic profiling is an effective analytical approach to understanding the metabolic pathway(s) associated with copper stress in burdock roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Ha
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
- Nonghyup Food Safety Research Institute , Seoul 137-130, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Gyong Ahn
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Hou Y, Cheng B, Zhou M, Fang R, Jiang M, Hou W, Bai G. Searching for synergistic bronchodilators and novel therapeutic regimens for chronic lung diseases from a traditional Chinese medicine, Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113104. [PMID: 25397687 PMCID: PMC4232530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical Chinese pharmacopeias describe numerous excellent herbal formulations, and each prescription is an outstanding pool of effective compounds for drug discovery. Clarifying the bioactivity of the combined mechanisms of the ingredients in complex traditional Chinese medicine formulas is challenging. A classical formula known as Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan, used clinically as a treatment for prevalent chronic lung disease, was investigated in this work. A mutually enhanced bioactivity-guided ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) characterization system was proposed, coupled with a dual-luciferase reporter assay for β2AR-agonist cofactor screening. Arctiin, arctigenin, descurainoside and descurainolide B, four lignin compounds that showed synergistic bronchodilation effects with ephedrine, were revealed. The synergistic mechanism of arctigenin with the β2ARagonist involved with the reduction of free Ca2+ was clarified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay for intracellular calcium and the Ca2+ indicator fluo-4/AM to monitor changes in the fluorescence. The relaxant and contractile responses of airway smooth muscle are regulated by crosstalk between the intracellular cAMP and calcium signaling pathways. Our data indicated the non-selective βAR agonist ephedrine as the principal bronchodilator of the formula, whereas the lignin ingredients served as adjuvant ingredients. A greater understanding of the mechanisms governing the control of these pathways, based on conventional wisdom, could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets or new agents for the treatment of asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Binfeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengge Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Runping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbin Hou
- Tianjin Engineering Laboratory of Quality Control Techniques for TCM, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
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Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L, Alipoor B, Abed R, Eftekhar Sadat B, Mesgari-Abbasi M, Asghari Jafarabadi M. Effects of Arctium lappa L. (Burdock) root tea on inflammatory status and oxidative stress in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 19:255-61. [PMID: 25350500 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was designed to examine the effect of Burdock root tea on inflammatory markers and oxidative stress indicators in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Thirty-six patients (10 men and 26 women) aged 50-70 years old with knee osteoarthritis referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Hospitals, were selected for the study and randomly divided into two groups. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured. For all individuals along the 42 days of study period, the same drug treatments, including two lots of 500 mg acetaminophen twice a day and one glucosamine 500 mg once a day,were considered. The intervention group received daily three cups of Burdock root tea (each cup containing 2 g/150 mL boiled water) half-hour after the meal. The control group received three cups containing 150 cc boiled water daily. We assessed inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and oxidative stress indicators such as total antioxidants capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances before and after the intervention. RESULTS The results showed that burdock root tea significantly decreased the levels of serum IL-6 (P = 0.002), hs-CRP (P = 0.003) and malondialdehyde (P < 0.001), while the levels of serum TAC (P < 0.001) and activities of SOD (P = 0.009) were significantly increased. GPX activities increased but not significantly. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that Arctium lappa L. root tea improves inflammatory status and oxidative stress in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beitollah Alipoor
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University (Medical Sciences), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Abed
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University (Medical Sciences), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bina Eftekhar Sadat
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University (Medical Sciences), Tabriz, Iran
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144
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Pirvu L, Hlevca C, Nicu I, Bubueanu C. Comparative studies on analytical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of a series of vegetal extracts prepared from eight plant species growing in Romania. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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145
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Tousch D, Bidel LPR, Cazals G, Ferrare K, Leroy J, Faucanié M, Chevassus H, Tournier M, Lajoix AD, Azay-Milhau J. Chemical analysis and antihyperglycemic activity of an original extract from burdock root (Arctium lappa). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7738-7745. [PMID: 24933284 DOI: 10.1021/jf500926v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we obtained a dried burdock root extract (DBRE) rich in caffeoylquinic acids derivatives. We performed the chemical characterization of DBRE and explored its antihyperglycemic potential in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Chemical analysis of DBRE using LC-MS and GC-MS revealed the presence of a great majority of dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives (75.4%) of which 1,5-di-O-caffeoyl-4-O-maloylquinic acid represents 44% of the extract. In the in vitro experiments, DBRE is able to increase glucose uptake in cultured L6 myocytes and to decrease glucagon-induced glucose output from rat isolated hepatocytes together with a reduction of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase activity. DBRE did not increase insulin secretion in the INS-1 pancreatic β-cell line. In vivo, DBRE improves glucose tolerance both after intraperitoneal and oral subchronic administration. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that DBRE constitutes an original set of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives displaying antihyperglycemic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Tousch
- Université Montpellier I , 4 Boulevard Henri IV, Montpellier, France
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146
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Cheong KL, Li J, Zhao J, Li SP. A simple analysis of fructooligosaccharides in two medicinal plants by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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147
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Shi X, Sun H, Zhou D, Xi H, Shan L. Arctigenin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats. Inflammation 2014; 38:623-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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148
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Sak K, Jürisoo K, Raal A. Estonian folk traditional experiences on natural anticancer remedies: from past to the future. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:855-866. [PMID: 24920231 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.871641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advancements, the burden of cancer is still increasing worldwide. Toxicity of current chemotherapeutics to normal cells and their resistance to tumor cells highlights the urgent need for new drugs with minimal adverse side effects. The use of natural anticancer agents has entered into the area of cancer research and increased efforts are being made to isolate bioactive products from medicinal plants. OBJECTIVE To lead the search for plants with potential cytotoxic activity, ethnopharmacological knowledge can give a great contribution. Therefore, the attention of this review is devoted to the natural remedies traditionally used for the cancer treatment by Estonian people over a period of almost 150 years. METHODS Two massive databases, the first one stored in the Estonian Folklore Archives and the second one in the electronic database HERBA ( http://herba.folklore.ee/ ), containing altogether more than 30 000 ethnomedicinal texts were systematically reviewed to compile data about the Estonian folk traditional experiences on natural anticancer remedies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION As a result, 44 different plants with potential anticancer properties were elicited, 5 of which [Angelica sylvestris L. (Apiaceae), Anthemis tinctoria L. (Asteraceae), Pinus sylvestris L. (Pinaceae), Sorbus aucuparia L. (Rosaceae), and Prunus padus L. (Rosaceae)] have not been previously described with respect to their tumoricidal activities in the scientific literature, suggesting thus the potential herbal materials for further investigations of natural anticancer compounds.
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149
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Miglani A, Manchanda RK. Observational study of Arctium lappa in the treatment of acne vulgaris. HOMEOPATHY 2014; 103:203-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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150
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Pomari E, Stefanon B, Colitti M. Effect of plant extracts on H2O2-induced inflammatory gene expression in macrophages. J Inflamm Res 2014; 7:103-12. [PMID: 25075197 PMCID: PMC4106015 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s61471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arctium lappa (AL), Camellia sinensis (CS), Echinacea angustifolia, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Panax ginseng (PG), and Vaccinium myrtillus (VM) are plants traditionally used in many herbal formulations for the treatment of various conditions. Although they are well known and already studied for their anti-inflammatory properties, their effects on H2O2-stimulated macrophages are a novel area of study. Materials and methods Cell viability was tested after treatment with increasing doses of H2O2 and/or plant extracts at different times of incubation to identify the optimal experimental conditions. The messenger (m)RNA expression of TNFα, COX2, IL1β, NFκB1, NFκB2, NOS2, NFE2L2, and PPARγ was analyzed in macrophages under H2O2 stimulation. The same genes were also quantified after plant extract treatment on cells pre-stimulated with H2O2. Results A noncytotoxic dose (200 μM) of H2O2 induced active mRNA expression of COX2, IL1β, NFE2L2, NFκB1, NFκB2, NOS2, and TNFα, while PPARγ was depressed. The expression of all genes tested was significantly (P<0.001) regulated by plant extracts after pre-stimulation with H2O2. COX2 was downregulated by AL, PG, and VM. All extracts depressed IL1β expression, but upregulated NFE2L2. NFκB1, NFκB2, and TNFα were downregulated by AL, CS, PG, and VM. NOS2 was inhibited by CS, PG, and VM. PPARγ was decreased only after treatment with E. angustifolia and E. senticosus. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the stimulation of H2O2 on RAW267.4 cells induced the transcription of proinflammatory mediators, showing that this could be an applicable system by which to activate macrophages. Plant extracts from AL, CS, PG, and VM possess in vitro anti-inflammatory activity on H2O2-stimulated macrophages by modulating key inflammation mediators. Further in vitro and in vivo investigation into molecular mechanisms modulated by herbal extracts should be undertaken to shed light on the development of novel modulating therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pomari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Bruno Stefanon
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Monica Colitti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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