101
|
Ye X, An L, Wang X, Zhang C, Huang W, Sun C, Li R, Ma H, Wang H, Gao M. ALOX5AP Predicts Poor Prognosis by Enhancing M2 Macrophages Polarization and Immunosuppression in Serous Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:675104. [PMID: 34094977 PMCID: PMC8172172 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.675104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is a highly lethal gynecological malignancy with poor prognosis. Given the importance of the immune-related tumor microenvironment (TME) in ovarian cancer, investigating tumor-immune interactions and identifying novel prognostic and therapeutic targets in SOC is a promising avenue of research. ALOX5AP (Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein) is a key enzyme in converting arachidonic acid to leukotriene: a crucial immune-modulating lipid mediator. However, the role of ALOX5AP in SOC has yet to be studied. Methods ALOX5AP expression patterns across ovarian cancer and their normal tissue counterparts were cross-checked using public microarray and RNA-seq analyses and then validated in clinical samples by qRT-PCR. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed in multiple independent SOC patient cohorts. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were then employed to identify clinical risk parameters associated with survival, and a genomic-clinicopathologic nomogram was built. Gene enrichment, immune infiltration, and immunosuppressor correlation analyses were then evaluated. Results ALOX5AP mRNA levels in SOC tissues were significantly upregulated compared to normal tissues. Elevated ALOX5AP was markedly associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival in multiple SOC patient cohorts as well as with adverse clinicopathological features, including lymphatic invasion, unsatisfactory cytoreductive surgery, rapid relapse after primary treatment, and platinum non-responsiveness. A predictive nomogram, which integrated ALOX5AP expression and two independent prognosis factors (primary therapy outcome and tumor residual), was conducted to predict the 3-year and 5-year survival rate of SOC patients. Mechanistically, functional and pathway enrichment analyses revealed that ALOX5AP was primarily involved in immune response and regulation. Further exploration demonstrated that ALOX5AP was highly expressed in the immunoreactive subtype of ovarian cancer and closely related to immunocyte infiltration, especially M2 macrophage polarization. Additionally, ALOX5AP was enriched in the C4 (lymphocyte depleted) immune subtype of SOC and associated with crucial immune-repressive receptors in the tumor microenvironment at the genomic level. Conclusions ALOX5AP expression indicates a worse survival outcome and has the potential to be utilized as a prognostic predictor for SOC patients. Given the availability of well-studied ALOX5AP inhibitors, this study has immediate clinical implications for the exploitation of ALOX5AP as an immunotherapeutic target in SOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ye
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Limei An
- Health Management Division, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chenyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenqian Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chenggong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanlin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Chen Y, Tang G, Qian H, Chen J, Cheng B, Zhou C, Shen Y. LncRNA LOC100129620 promotes osteosarcoma progression through regulating CDK6 expression, tumor angiogenesis, and macrophage polarization. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14258-14276. [PMID: 34015762 PMCID: PMC8202873 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor with high mortality in children and adolescents. The mechanism of osteosarcoma metastasis is currently unclear. Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in tumor metastasis. We used bioinformatics to analyze the differences in gene expression between osteosarcoma in situ and osteosarcoma lung metastases. CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of lncRNA LOC100129620 on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. The effect of LOC100129620 on the invasion of osteosarcoma cells was assessed by Transwell assay. The regulatory effect of LOC100129620 on miR-335-3p was examined using RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter gene assays. The effect of LOC100129620 on the polarization of macrophages was detected by quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR. The results show that LOC100129620 can promote the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells. LOC100129620 can promote the proliferation of osteosarcoma in vivo. LOC100129620 can bind to miR-335-3p and regulate its function. MiR-335-3p mediates the regulatory effects of LOC100129620 on CDK6. LOC100129620 promotes the formation of blood vessels and the polarization of macrophages. The LOC100129620/miR-335-3p/CDK6 signaling pathway promotes the metastasis of osteosarcoma by regulating the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, angiogenesis, and macrophage polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Orthopedic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Hongbin Qian
- Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Bing Cheng
- Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Chengliang Zhou
- Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yixin Shen
- Orthopedic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Zheng BW, Yang ML, Huang W, Zheng BY, Zhang TL, Li J, Lv GH, Yan YG, Zou MX. Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Chondroblastoma and Their Association with Response to Adjuvant Radiotherapy. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1991-2005. [PMID: 34040412 PMCID: PMC8139723 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s308707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Chondroblastoma (CB) is a rare and locally growing cartilage-derived tumor. Currently, clinical implications of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in CB remain unclear. In this study, we sought to analyze the relationship between TAM parameters (including densities of CD68+ and CD163+ cells as well as the CD163+/CD68+ ratio) and clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to assess TAM subtypes for CD68 and CD163, as well as the expression levels of p53, CD34, and Ki-67 on tumor cells in 132 tissue specimens retrieved between July 2002 and April 2020. Then, TAM parameters were retrospectively analyzed for their associations with patient outcomes (local recurrence-free survival [LRFS] and overall survival [OS]) and clinicopathological features. Results TAM densities were significantly higher in axial chondroblastoma tissue than in extra-axial chondroblastoma tissue. Moreover, the number of CD163+ TAMs was positively correlated with tumor invasion of surrounding tissues and high expression of CD34 and Ki-67 on tumor cells, whereas CD163+ cell density and the CD163/CD68 ratio were negatively associated with patient response to adjuvant radiotherapy. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the number of CD68+ and CD163+ lymphocytes was significantly associated with both LRFS and OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CD163+ and CD68+ cell levels were independent prognostic factors of LRFS, while TAM data independently predicted OS. More importantly, in subgroup analysis based on three significant factors in univariate survival analysis (including tumor location, adjuvant radiotherapy, and surrounding tissue invasion by tumors), the TAM parameters still displayed good prognostic performance. Conclusion These data suggest that TAM may significantly affect the biological behavior of CB. We hypothesize that modulating the TAM level or polarization status in the microenvironment may be an effective approach for CB treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Liang Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Health and Management Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Yv Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao-Lan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Guo Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Chai D, Zhang Z, Shi SY, Qiu D, Zhang C, Wang G, Fang L, Li H, Tian H, Li H, Zheng J. Absent in melanoma 2-mediating M1 macrophages facilitate tumor rejection in renal carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101018. [PMID: 33493800 PMCID: PMC7823216 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) as an immune regulator for the regulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) function is unclear in tumor development. Here, the AIM2 function was investigated in TAMs-mediated malignant behaviors of renal carcinoma. The correlation analysis result showed that the AIM2 expression in TAMs was negatively correlated with the percentages of M2-like polarization phenotype in human or murine renal cancer specimens. By the cocultured assay with bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and Renca cells, overexpression of AIM2 in macrophages enhanced the inflammasome activation and reversed the phenotype from M2 to M1. Compared with BMDMs-Ctrl cocultured group, BMDMs-AIM2 cocultured group showed reduced tumor cell proliferation and migration. The blockade of inflammasome activation by the inhibitor Ac-YVAD-CMK abrogated AIM2-mediated M1 polarization and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of AIM2-mediated M1 macrophages in vivo, BMDMs-AIM2 were intravenously injected into subcutaneous Renca-tumor mice. The results showed that the infiltration of M1 TAMs was increased and tumor growth was suppressed in BMDMs-AIM2-treated mice when compared with BMDMs-Ctrl-treat mice. Accordingly, the blockade of inflammasome activation reduced the anti-tumor activities of BMDMs-AIM2. Moreover, the lung metastases of renal carcinoma were suppressed by the administration of BMDMs-AIM2 accompanied with the reduced tumor foci. These results demonstrated that AIM2 enhanced TAMs polarization switch from anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypy to pro-inflammatory M1 through inflammasome signaling activation, thus exerting therapeutic intervention in renal carcinoma models. Our results provide a possible molecular mechanism for the modulation of TAMs polarization in tumor microenvironment and open a new potential therapeutic approach for renal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dafei Chai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.
| | - Zichun Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Shang Yuchen Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Dong Qiu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Lin Fang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Huizhong Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tian
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Wu Y, Tu C, Shao C. Inflammatory indexes in preoperative blood routine to predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy. BMC Surg 2021; 21:178. [PMID: 33794850 PMCID: PMC8017621 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-021-01180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The inflammation indexes in blood routine play an essential role in evaluating the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, but the effect on early recurrence has not been clarified. The study aimed to investigate the risk factors of early recurrence (within 2 years) and recurrence-free survival after curative hepatectomy and explore the role of inflammatory indexes in predicting early recurrence. Methods The baseline data of 161 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. The optimal cut-off value of the inflammatory index was determined according to the Youden index. Its predictive performance was compared by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of early recurrence and recurrence-free survival. Results The area under the curve of monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) for predicting early recurrence was 0.700, which was better than systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII). MLR, tumour size, tumour differentiation and BCLC stage are all risk factors for early recurrence and recurrence-free survival of HCC. Combining the above four risk factors to construct a joint index, the area under the curve for predicting early recurrence was 0.829, which was better than single MLR, tumour size, tumour differentiation and BCLC stage. Furthermore, with the increase of risk factors, the recurrence-free survival of patients is worse. Conclusion The combination of MLR and clinical risk factors is helpful for clinicians to identify high-risk patients with early recurrence and carry out active postoperative adjuvant therapy to improve the prognosis of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YiFeng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - ChaoYong Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - ChuXiao Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Duan Z, Luo Y. Targeting macrophages in cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:127. [PMID: 33767177 PMCID: PMC7994399 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is regarded as the most promising treatment for cancers. Various cancer immunotherapies, including adoptive cellular immunotherapy, tumor vaccines, antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and small-molecule inhibitors, have achieved certain successes. In this review, we summarize the role of macrophages in current immunotherapies and the advantages of targeting macrophages. To better understand and make better use of this type of cell, their development and differentiation characteristics, categories, typical markers, and functions were collated at the beginning of the review. Therapeutic strategies based on or combined with macrophages have the potential to improve the treatment efficacy of cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Duan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Luo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Vetvicka V, Teplyakova TV, Shintyapina AB, Korolenko TA. Effects of Medicinal Fungi-Derived β-Glucan on Tumor Progression. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:250. [PMID: 33806255 PMCID: PMC8065548 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucans have been studied in animal species, from earthworms to humans. They form a heterogenous group of glucose polymers found in fungi, plants, bacteria, and seaweed. β-Glucans have slowly emerged as an important target for the recognition of pathogens. In the current review, we highlight the major roles of mushroom-derived β-glucans on cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Vetvicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 630117, USA
| | - Tamara V. Teplyakova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Alexandra B. Shintyapina
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Tatiana A. Korolenko
- Laboratory of Experimental Models of Neurodegeneration, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, 4 Timakov St., 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Li Y, Hodge J, Liu Q, Wang J, Wang Y, Evans TD, Altomare D, Yao Y, Murphy EA, Razani B, Fan D. TFEB is a master regulator of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000543. [PMID: 32487570 PMCID: PMC7269543 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play key roles in the development of many malignant solid tumors including breast cancer. They are educated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance. However, the phenotype of TAMs is elusive and how to regulate them for therapeutic purpose remains unclear; therefore, TAM-targeting therapies have not yet achieved clinical success. The purposes of this study were to examine the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB) in regulating TAM gene expression and function and to determine if TFEB activation can halt breast tumor development. Methods Microarrays were used to analyze the gene expression profile of macrophages (MΦs) in the context of breast cancer and to examine the impact of TFEB overexpression. Cell culture studies were performed to define the mechanisms by which TFEB affects MΦ gene expression and function. Mouse studies were carried out to investigate the impact of MΦ TFEB deficiency or activation on breast tumor growth. Human cancer genome data were analyzed to reveal the prognostic value of TFEB and its regulated genes. Results TAM-mimic MΦs display a unique gene expression profile, including significant reduction in TFEB expression. TFEB overexpression favorably modulates TAM gene expression through multiple signaling pathways. Specifically, TFEB upregulates suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression and autophagy/lysosome activities, inhibits NLRP3 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3) inflammasome and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α mediated hypoxia response, and thereby suppresses an array of effector molecules in TAMs including arginase 1, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, IL-6 and prostaglandin E2. MΦ-specific TFEB deficiency promotes, while activation of TFEB using the natural disaccharide trehalose halts, breast tumor development by modulating TAMs. Analysis of human patient genome database reveals that expression levels of TFEB, SOCS3 and PPARγ are positive prognostic markers, while HIF-1α is a negative prognostic marker of breast cancer. Conclusions Our study identifies TFEB as a master regulator of TAMs in breast cancer. TFEB controls TAM gene expression and function through multiple autophagy/lysosome-dependent and independent pathways. Therefore, pharmacological activation of TFEB would be a promising therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of existing treatment including immune therapies for breast cancer by favorably modulating TAM function and the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Johnie Hodge
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Trent D Evans
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Diego Altomare
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yongzhong Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, China
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Golabek A, Kaczmarek M, Dondajewska E, Sakrajda K, Mackiewicz A, Dams-Kozlowska H. Application of a three-dimensional (3D) breast cancer model to study macrophage polarization. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:482. [PMID: 33790991 PMCID: PMC8005691 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the tumor microenvironment is crucial for developing an effective strategy to treat cancer. Recently, anticancer therapies targeting macrophages have been intensively investigated. Increased understanding of the importance of the tumor microenvironment has led to the development of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro tumor models. However, established techniques for studying tumor-associated macrophages in vitro are limited. We have previously characterized a 3D breast cancer model consisting of breast cancer cells and fibroblasts cocultured on a silk scaffold. In the present study, the influence of this model on macrophage polarization was investigated. The expression of macrophage markers was studied using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and flow cytometry. The activity of nitric oxide synthase and arginase in macrophages was also measured. The presented model appeared to induce the polarization of macrophages towards an M2 phenotype. In this 3D tumor model, the in vivo behavior of macrophages could be reproduced. This model may be beneficial for the study of tumor biology and for screening drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Golabek
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland.,Department of Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina Dondajewska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kosma Sakrajda
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mackiewicz
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Hanna Dams-Kozlowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Wu P, Gao W, Su M, Nice EC, Zhang W, Lin J, Xie N. Adaptive Mechanisms of Tumor Therapy Resistance Driven by Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641469. [PMID: 33732706 PMCID: PMC7957022 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease which frequently has a poor prognosis. Although multiple therapeutic strategies have been developed for various cancers, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, resistance to these treatments frequently impedes the clinical outcomes. Besides the active resistance driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations in tumor cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has also been reported to be a crucial regulator in tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance. Here, we propose that the adaptive mechanisms of tumor resistance are closely connected with the TME rather than depending on non-cell-autonomous changes in response to clinical treatment. Although the comprehensive understanding of adaptive mechanisms driven by the TME need further investigation to fully elucidate the mechanisms of tumor therapeutic resistance, many clinical treatments targeting the TME have been successful. In this review, we report on recent advances concerning the molecular events and important factors involved in the TME, particularly focusing on the contributions of the TME to adaptive resistance, and provide insights into potential therapeutic methods or translational medicine targeting the TME to overcome resistance to therapy in clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Suarez-Lopez L, Kong YW, Sriram G, Patterson JC, Rosenberg S, Morandell S, Haigis KM, Yaffe MB. MAPKAP Kinase-2 Drives Expression of Angiogenic Factors by Tumor-Associated Macrophages in a Model of Inflammation-Induced Colon Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 11:607891. [PMID: 33708191 PMCID: PMC7940202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation increases the risk for colorectal cancer through a variety of mechanisms involving the tumor microenvironment. MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2), a major effector of the p38 MAPK stress and DNA damage response signaling pathway, and a critical regulator of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, has been identified as a key contributor to colon tumorigenesis under conditions of chronic inflammation. We have previously described how genetic inactivation of MK2 in an inflammatory model of colon cancer results in delayed tumor progression, decreased tumor angiogenesis, and impaired macrophage differentiation into a pro-tumorigenic M2-like state. The molecular mechanism responsible for the impaired angiogenesis and tumor progression, however, has remained contentious and poorly defined. Here, using RNA expression analysis, assays of angiogenesis factors, genetic models, in vivo macrophage depletion and reconstitution of macrophage MK2 function using adoptive cell transfer, we demonstrate that MK2 activity in macrophages is necessary and sufficient for tumor angiogenesis during inflammation-induced cancer progression. We identify a critical and previously unappreciated role for MK2-dependent regulation of the well-known pro-angiogenesis factor CXCL-12/SDF-1 secreted by tumor associated-macrophages, in addition to MK2-dependent regulation of Serpin-E1/PAI-1 by several cell types within the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Suarez-Lopez
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yi Wen Kong
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ganapathy Sriram
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Jesse C. Patterson
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Samantha Rosenberg
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Sandra Morandell
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Kevin M. Haigis
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael B. Yaffe
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Research and Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Divisions of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, and Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Yang X, Cai S, Shu Y, Deng X, Zhang Y, He N, Wan L, Chen X, Qu Y, Yu S. Exosomal miR-487a derived from m2 macrophage promotes the progression of gastric cancer. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:434-444. [PMID: 33522393 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1878326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages contribute to cell growth, development, and metastasis in various cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms of M2 macrophage that modulate the progression of gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unknown. In this study, we detected the ratio of macrophages in GC tissues and found that the proportion of M2 macrophages was increased in GC tissues. We then co-cultured GC cells with M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively, and then assessed cell proliferation and tumorigenicity of GC cells by MTT and colony formation assay. The results indicated that M2 macrophages promoted the proliferation of GC cells, but M1 not. Besides, GW4869, an exosomes inhibitor, reduced the effects induced by M2 macrophage. Then, we isolated and identified exosomes derived from M1 and M2 macrophage, and confirmed that the exosomes could be taken up by GC cells. We demonstrated that M2 macrophage-exosomes could induce the proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, miR-487a was enriched in M2 macrophage-exosomes and further determined that miR-487a exert the functions by targeting TIA1. In conclusion, exosomal miR-487a derived from M2 macrophage promotes the proliferation and tumorigenesis in gastric cancer, and the novel findings might be helpful to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods in GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Yue Shu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Xun Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Nian He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| | - Shouyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
An Overview of Advances in Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies Based on the Multiple Immune-Cancer Cell Interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2097:139-171. [PMID: 31776925 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0203-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumors have a complex ecosystem in which behavior and fate are determined by the interaction of diverse cancerous and noncancerous cells at local and systemic levels. A number of studies indicate that various immune cells participate in tumor development (Fig. 1). In this review, we will discuss interactions among T lymphocytes (T cells), B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In addition, we will touch upon attempts to either use or block subsets of immune cells to target cancer.
Collapse
|
114
|
Han C, Lin S, Lu X, Xue L, Wu ZB. Tumor-Associated Macrophages: New Horizons for Pituitary Adenoma Researches. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:785050. [PMID: 34925244 PMCID: PMC8675584 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.785050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most common infiltrating immune cells and an essential component of tumor microenvironment. Macrophages and the soluble cytokines and chemokines produced play an important role in tumorigenesis, progression, invasion and metastasis in solid tumors. Despite the multiple studies in other solid tumors, there is little known about macrophages in pituitary adenomas. Recently, studies about pituitary adenoma-infiltrated macrophages have been emerging, including the immunohistochemical and immunophenotypic analysis of the pituitary adenomas and further studies into the mechanism of the crosstalk between macrophages and tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. These studies have offered us new insights into the polarization of macrophages and its role in tumorigenesis, progression and invasion of pituitary adenomas. This review describes the advances in the field of pituitary adenoma-infiltrated macrophages and the prospect of targeting macrophages as cancer therapy in pituitary adenoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhe Bao Wu
- *Correspondence: Shaojian Lin, ; Zhe Bao Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Feng Y, Zhang N, Wang S, Zou W, He Y, Ma JA, Liu P, Liu X, Hu C, Hou T. Systemic Inflammation Response Index Is a Predictor of Poor Survival in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Study. Front Oncol 2020; 10:575417. [PMID: 33363009 PMCID: PMC7759154 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.575417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignancy in China and known prognostic factors are limited. In this study, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were evaluated as prognostic factors in locally advanced NPC patients. Materials and Methods NPC patients who received curative radiation or chemoradiation between January 2012 and December 2015 at the Second Xiangya Hospital were retrospectively reviewed, and a total of 516 patients were shortlisted. After propensity score matching (PSM), 417 patients were eventually enrolled. Laboratory and clinical data were collected from the patients' records. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. Survival curves were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify prognostic variables. Results After PSM, all basic characteristics between patients in the high SIRI group and low SIRI group were balanced except for sex (p=0.001) and clinical stage (p=0.036). Univariate analysis showed that NLR (p=0.001), PLR (p=0.008), SII (p=0.001), and SIRI (p<0.001) were prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). However, further multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that only SIRI was an independent predictor of PFS and OS (hazard ratio (HR):2.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.561-5.131; p=0.001, HR: 5.19; 95% CI: 2.588-10.406; p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion Our findings indicate that SIRI might be a promising predictive indicator of locally advanced NPC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-An Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Hou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Wang X, Gao S, Song L, Liu M, Sun Z, Liu J. Astragaloside IV antagonizes M2 phenotype macrophage polarization-evoked ovarian cancer cell malignant progression by suppressing the HMGB1-TLR4 axis. Mol Immunol 2020; 130:113-121. [PMID: 33308900 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the most abundant cells in tumor stroma and their polarization within tumor microenvironment exert the key roles in tumorigenesis. Astragaloside IV is a natural extract from traditional Chinese herbal Radix Astragali, and fulfills pleiotropic function in several cancers. Nevertheless, its function in ovarian cancer microenvironment remains elusive. In the present research, astragaloside IV exhibited little cytotoxicity within a certain dose range in THP-1 cells. Moreover, astragaloside IV suppressed the ratio of CD14+CD206+ cells in IL-4/IL-13-treated THP-1 macrophages and transcripts of M2 macrophage markers (including CD206, CCL24, PPARγ, Arg-1, IL-10), indicating the inhibitory effects of astragaloside IV on IL-4/IL-13-induced macrophage M2 polarization. Intriguingly, astragaloside IV antagonized M2 macrophages coculture-evoked cell proliferation, invasion and migration in ovarian cancer cells. During this process, administration with astragaloside IV restrained the high expression of high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1) and TLR4 in macrophages co-cultured with ovarian cancer cells, concomitant with decreases in release of M2 marker TGF-β, MMP-9 and IL-10. Moreover, targeting the HMGB1 signaling reversed M2 macrophages-induced ovarian cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Noticeably, exogenous HMGB1 overturned the inhibitory efficacy of astragaloside IV against macrophage M2 polarization-evoked malignant potential in ovarian cancer cells. Together, these findings suggest that astragaloside IV may protect against M2 macrophages-evoked malignancy in ovarian cancer cells by suppressing the HMGB1-TLR4 signaling. Therefore, astragaloside may alleviate the progression of ovarian cancer by regulating macrophage M2 polarization within tumor microenvironment, implying a promising therapeutic strategy against ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - ShouYang Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - LiYou Song
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jilin Central Hospital, Jilin, 130011, China
| | - ZiQian Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
| | - JunBao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Chen Y, Wang W, Jiang B, Yao L, Xia F, Li X. Integrating Tumor Stroma Biomarkers With Clinical Indicators for Colon Cancer Survival Stratification. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:584747. [PMID: 33365318 PMCID: PMC7750539 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.584747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor stroma plays an important role in tumor progression and chemotherapeutic resistance; however, its role in colon cancer (CC) survival prognosis remains to be investigated. Here, we identified tumor stroma biomarkers and evaluated their role in CC prognosis stratification. Four independent datasets containing a total of 1,313 patients were included in this study and were divided into training and testing sets. Stromal scores calculated using the estimation of stromal and immune cells in malignant tumors using expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm were used to assess the tumor stroma level. Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test were used to identify relationships between stromal score and prognosis. Tumor stroma biomarkers were identified by cross-validation of multiple datasets and bioinformatics methods. Cox proportional hazards regression models were constructed using four prognosis factors (age, tumor stage, the ESTIMATE stromal score, and the biomarker stromal score) in different combinations for prognosis prediction and compared. Patients with high stromal scores had a lower overall survival rate (p = 0.00016), higher risk of recurrence (p < 0.0001), and higher probability of chemotherapeutic resistance (p < 0.0001) than those with low scores. We identified 16 tumor stroma biomarkers and generated a new prognosis indicator termed the biomarker stromal score (ranging from 0 to 16) based on their expression levels. Its addition to an age/tumor stage-based model significantly improved prognosis prediction accuracy. In conclusion, the tumor stromal score is significantly negatively associated with CC survival prognosis, and the new tumor stroma indicator can improve CC prognosis stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fada Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Karagiannidis I, de Santana Van Vilet E, Said Abu Egal E, Phinney B, Jacenik D, Prossnitz ER, Beswick EJ. G-CSF and G-CSFR Induce a Pro-Tumorigenic Macrophage Phenotype to Promote Colon and Pancreas Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102868. [PMID: 33036138 PMCID: PMC7601499 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment (TME) are known to polarize into populations exhibiting pro- or anti-tumoral activity in response to stimuli such as growth factors and cytokines. Our previous work has recognized granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a cytokine capable of influencing immune cells of the TME exhibiting pro-tumoral activity. Here, we aimed to focus on how G-CSF regulates TAM phenotype and function and the effects on gastrointestinal (GI) tumor progression. Thus, wildtype (WT) and G-CSFR-/- macrophages were examined for cytokine production, gene expression, and transcription factor activity. Adoptive transfer of WT or G-CSFR-/- macrophages into tumor-bearing mice was performed to study their influence in the progression of colon (MC38) and pancreatic (PK5L1940) tumor mouse models. Finally, the difference in cytotoxic potential between WT and G-CSFR-/- macrophages was examined both in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that G-CSF promotes increased IL-10 production and decreased IL-12 production, which was reversed in G-CSFR-/- macrophages for a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, G-CSFR-/- macrophages were characterized by higher levels of NOS2 expression and NO production, which led to greater tumor related cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that in the absence of G-CSFR, macrophage-related tumor cytotoxicity was amplified. These findings, along with our previous reports, pinpoint G-CSF /G-CSFR as a prominent target for possible clinical applications that aim to control the TME and the GI tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Karagiannidis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (I.K.); (E.d.S.V.V.); (E.S.A.E.)
| | - Eliane de Santana Van Vilet
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (I.K.); (E.d.S.V.V.); (E.S.A.E.)
| | - Erika Said Abu Egal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (I.K.); (E.d.S.V.V.); (E.S.A.E.)
| | - Brandon Phinney
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine; Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (B.P.); (D.J.); (E.R.P.)
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine; Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (B.P.); (D.J.); (E.R.P.)
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Eric R. Prossnitz
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine; Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (B.P.); (D.J.); (E.R.P.)
| | - Ellen J. Beswick
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (I.K.); (E.d.S.V.V.); (E.S.A.E.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Xu T, Xu X, Yang L, Chen X, Ju S. Noninvasive Visualization of Obesity-Boosted Inflammation in Orthotopic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using an Octapod Iron Oxide Nanoparticle. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6408-6418. [PMID: 35021772 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and promote the progression of tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Obesity is a metabolic disease and a significant factor that affects tumor immunity and immunotherapy, contributing to a poorer tumor prognosis. However, TAMs as the link between obesity and poorer tumor prognosis has been less addressed and remains unclear. The current study aimed to noninvasively determine the effect of obesity on TAMs in orthotopic PDAC animal models, leptin-deficient transgenic obese (ob/ob) mice. Iron oxide nanoparticles, Octapod-30, with ultra high r2 values, were utilized for in vivo consecutive T2-weighted MR imaging. After Octapod-30 injection, the T2-weighted signal intensity of the tumor area of both lean wild-type (WT) and ob/ob mice decreased rapidly, and the signal intensity significantly decreased as early as 0.5 h after injection compared with preinjection. The signal intensity continually decreased until 2 h and sustained for 4 h. In addition, the quantified signal intensity in obese ob/ob mice bearing PDAC significantly decreased compared with that in lean WT mice. Further histopathological analysis demonstrated that CD68-marked TAMs were highly colocalized with Prussian blue-stained Octapod-30, which were significantly more infiltrated in the tumor tissue of ob/ob mice than in the WT group, in parallel with larger size of tumor, higher levels of Ki67-marked proliferation and CD31-marked angiogenesis. Our results suggested that obesity increased TAMs infiltration and Octopad-30 can rapidly noninvasively detect TAMs in vivo in orthotopic PDAC with high spatial resolution and temporal resolution. Furthermore, the application of ultra high r2 octagonal iron oxide nanoparticles with powerful clinical conversion potential could allow noninvasive and efficient quantitative analysis of TAMs in PDAC with or without obesity, providing a promising inspection approach for early detection, treatment management, and efficacy evaluation of tumors for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijiao Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Park GY, Pathak HB, Godwin AK, Kwon Y. Epithelial-stromal communication via CXCL1-CXCR2 interaction stimulates growth of ovarian cancer cells through p38 activation. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 44:77-92. [PMID: 32910411 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Paracrine interactions with the stromal environment, including fibroblasts, may be important in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Here, we evaluated the effect of conditioned media derived from ovarian fibroblasts (fibroblast-CMs) and their major cytokines on the growth of ovarian cancer cells, as well as the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT in mediating this effect. METHODS Ovarian cancer cells were cultured in serum-free media (SF), or conditioned media of fibroblasts derived from normal ovary (CM1) and ovarian tumor tissue (CM2). Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Phosphorylation of MAPKs and AKT was evaluated by Western blotting. Specific inhibitors of MAPKs and AKT were used to evaluate their respective involvement in mediating increased cell growth. Cytokine levels in fibroblast-CMs were measured using Luminex assays. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted for CXCL1, CXCR2 and phosphorylated p38 in primary ovarian tumors. RESULTS CM1 and CM2 significantly increased the growth of ovarian cancer cells relative to SF. In OVCAR3 and OVCAR4 cells, p38 phosphorylation was strongly induced by fibroblast-CMs, and pre-treatment with a p38 inhibitor prevented the growth increase induced by fibroblast-CMs. Fibroblasts secreted high levels of IL-6, IL-8, MCP1 and CXCL1. Treatment with only CXCL1 (1 μg/ml) increased cell growth and p38 phosphorylation. Treatment with a CXCR2 inhibitor effectively prevented p38 activation and cell growth induced by fibroblast-CMs. High expression of both CXCL1 and CXCR2 correlated with high expression of phosphorylated p38 in primary ovarian tumors. CONCLUSIONS From our data, we conclude that CXCL1 is a key factor derived from ovarian fibroblasts that is responsible for increased ovarian cancer cell growth in part through p38 activation. Phosphorylated p38 can be used as a biomarker to predict CXCL1-CXCR2 interaction in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Young Park
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Harsh B Pathak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Davidov V, Jensen G, Mai S, Chen SH, Pan PY. Analyzing One Cell at a TIME: Analysis of Myeloid Cell Contributions in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1842. [PMID: 32983100 PMCID: PMC7492293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-mediated regulation of the host immune system involves an intricate signaling network that results in the tumor's inherent survival benefit. Myeloid cells are central in orchestrating the mechanisms by which tumors escape immune detection and continue their proliferative programming. Myeloid cell activation has historically been classified using a dichotomous system of classical (M1-like) and alternative (M2-like) states, defining general pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, respectively. Explosions in bioinformatics analyses have rapidly expanded the definitions of myeloid cell pro- and anti-inflammatory states with different combinations of tissue- and disease-specific phenotypic and functional markers. These new definitions have allowed researchers to target specific subsets of disease-propagating myeloid cells in order to modify or arrest the natural progression of the associated disease, especially in the context of tumor-immune interactions. Here, we discuss the myeloid cell contribution to solid tumor initiation and maintenance, and strategies to reprogram their phenotypic and functional fate, thereby disabling the network that benefits tumor survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy Davidov
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Garrett Jensen
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sunny Mai
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States.,Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Wang Y, Wang Y, Xu C, Liu Y, Huang Z. Identification of Novel Tumor-Microenvironment-Regulating Factor That Facilitates Tumor Immune Infiltration in Colon Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:236-250. [PMID: 33230430 PMCID: PMC7515980 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies causing death worldwide. It is well known that the cells of the tumor microenvironment contribute to the progression and prognosis of colon cancer. However, the gene alterations and potential remodeling mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment of colon cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, immune scores from the ESTIMATE algorithm were used to discriminate between patients with high or low immune-cell infiltration. There were 42 immune differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of prognostic value identified in this study. Among them, KCNJ5 is a key factor in promoting M2 macrophage recruitment and tumor immune infiltration in colon cancer. These findings may provide novel insights for decoding the complicated interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment as well as for developing new avenues for therapeutic intervention in colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Medical College of Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Caihua Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Wu K, Lin K, Li X, Yuan X, Xu P, Ni P, Xu D. Redefining Tumor-Associated Macrophage Subpopulations and Functions in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1731. [PMID: 32849616 PMCID: PMC7417513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppressive status of the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly defined due to a lack of understanding regarding the function of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are abundant in the TME. TAMs are crucial drivers of tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Intra- and inter-tumoral spatial heterogeneities are potential keys to understanding the relationships between subpopulations of TAMs and their functions. Antitumor M1-like and pro-tumor M2-like TAMs coexist within tumors, and the opposing effects of these M1/M2 subpopulations on tumors directly impact current strategies to improve antitumor immune responses. Recent studies have found significant differences among monocytes or macrophages from distinct tumors, and other investigations have explored the existence of diverse TAM subsets at the molecular level. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence highlighting the redefinition of TAM subpopulations and functions in the TME and the possibility of separating macrophage subsets with distinct functions into antitumor M1-like and pro-tumor M2-like TAMs during the development of tumors. Such redefinition may relate to the differential cellular origin and monocyte and macrophage plasticity or heterogeneity of TAMs, which all potentially impact macrophage biomarkers and our understanding of how the phenotypes of TAMs are dictated by their ontogeny, activation status, and localization. Therefore, the detailed landscape of TAMs must be deciphered with the integration of new technologies, such as multiplexed immunohistochemistry (mIHC), mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF), single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics, and systems biology approaches, for analyses of the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Diao FY. Novel mechanism of immune evasion mediated by tumor-associated macrophages in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2383-2384. [PMID: 32686281 PMCID: PMC7471016 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yu Diao
- Department of General Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Li Z, Cheng Y, Wu F, Wu L, Cao H, Wang Q, Tang W. The emerging landscape of circular RNAs in immunity: breakthroughs and challenges. Biomark Res 2020; 8:25. [PMID: 32665846 PMCID: PMC7348111 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently linked RNAs that exhibit individual strand with a closed-loop framework compared with a conserving, steady and abundant linear counterpart. In recent years, as high-throughput sequencing advancement has been developing, functional circRNAs have been increasingly recognized, and more extensive analyses expounded their effect on different diseases. However, the study on the function of circRNAs in the immune system remains insufficient. This study discusses the basic principles of circRNAs regulation and the systems involved in physiology-related and pathology-related processes. The effect of circRNAs on immune regulation is elucidated. The ongoing development of circRNAs and basic immunology has multiplied their potential in treating diseases. Such perspective will summarize the status and effect of circRNAs on various immune cells in cancer, autoimmune diseases and infections. Moreover, this study will primarily expound the system of circRNAs in T lymphocytes, macrophages and other immune cells, which creates a novel perspective and lay a theoretical basis for treating diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxiao Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Hongyong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Frión-Herrera Y, Gabbia D, Scaffidi M, Zagni L, Cuesta-Rubio O, De Martin S, Carrara M. Cuban Brown Propolis Interferes in the Crosstalk between Colorectal Cancer Cells and M2 Macrophages. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072040. [PMID: 32660099 PMCID: PMC7400951 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), primarily the M2 phenotype, are involved in the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cuban brown propolis (Cp) and its main component Nemorosone (Nem) displays an antiproliferative effect on different cancer cells, including CRC cell lines. However, whether Cp and Nem could exploit its effect on CRC cells by targeting their relationship with TAMs remains to be elucidated. In this study, we differentiated the human monocytic THP-1 cells to M2 macrophages and confirmed this transition by immunofluorescence (IF) staining, qRT-PCR and zymography. An MTT assay was performed to determine the effect of Cp and Nem on the viability of CRC HT-29 cells co-cultured with M2 macrophages. Furthermore, the migration and invasion abilities of HT-29 cells were determined by Transwell assays and the expression levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were analyzed by IF staining. We demonstrated that Cp and Nem reduced the viability of M2 macrophages and, accordingly, the activity of the MMP-9 metalloprotein. Moreover, we demonstrated that M2 macrophages produce soluble factors that positively regulate HT-29 cell growth, migration and invasion. These M2-mediated effects were counteracted by Cp and Nem treatments, which also played a role in regulating the expression of the EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin. Taken together, our results indicate that Nem contained in Cp interferes in the crosstalk between CRC cells and TAMs, by targeting M2 macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahima Frión-Herrera
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy; (Y.F.-H.); (D.G.); (M.S.); (L.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Gabbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy; (Y.F.-H.); (D.G.); (M.S.); (L.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Michela Scaffidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy; (Y.F.-H.); (D.G.); (M.S.); (L.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Letizia Zagni
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy; (Y.F.-H.); (D.G.); (M.S.); (L.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Osmany Cuesta-Rubio
- Chemistry and Health Faculty, Technical University of Machala, Ave. Panamericana Vía a Pasaje Km. 5 1/2, Machala 070101, Ecuador;
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy; (Y.F.-H.); (D.G.); (M.S.); (L.Z.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498275077
| | - Maria Carrara
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy; (Y.F.-H.); (D.G.); (M.S.); (L.Z.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Ma X, Yu J. Role of the bone microenvironment in bone metastasis of malignant tumors - therapeutic implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:751-761. [PMID: 32623700 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00512-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone is one of the most common sites for solid tumor metastasis. Bone metastasis of a malignant tumor seriously affects the quality of life and the overall survival of patients. Evidence has suggested that bone provides a favorable microenvironment that enables disseminated tumor cells to home, proliferate and colonize, leading to the formation of metastases. In the process of bone metastasis the bone microenvironment may be considered as an orchestra that plays a dissonant melody through blending (e.g. cross-talk between osteoclasts, osteoblasts and/or other cells), adding (e.g. a variety of biological factors) or taking away (e.g. blocking a specific pathway) players. CONCLUSIONS Here, we review the normal bone microenvironment, bone microenvironment-related factors that promote bone metastasis, as well as mechanisms underlying bone metastasis. In addition, we elude on directions for clinical bone metastasis management, focusing on potential therapeutic approaches to target bone microenvironment-related factors, including bisphosphonate, denosumab, CXCR4/CXCL12 antagonists and cathepsin K inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ma
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Huang F, Xin C, Lei K, Bai H, Li J, Chen Q. Noncoding RNAs in oral premalignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:763-777. [PMID: 32495292 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has the highest mortality rate among all head and neck cancers and a relatively low five-year survival rate. Generally, the development of an oral mucosal malignancy represents a multistep process beginning with normal oral mucosa epithelium and culminating in OSCC after transitioning through intermediary oral premalignant disorders (OPMDs), during which dysplasia is often observed. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNAs that are not translated into proteins, but still can participate in regulating neoplastic cell behavior. Recently, data have emerged on the role of ncRNAs in the progression of oral mucosal malignant diseases, but the exact mechanisms through which ncRNAs are involved remain to be elucidated. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge on ncRNAs has added an extra layer of complexity to our understanding of the malignant progression of oral mucosal diseases. The identification of ncRNAs in multiple body fluids as biomarkers may provide new diagnostic options that can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of OPMDs and OSCC, respectively. Despite overall advances that have been made in cancer treatment, the treatment options for OPMDs and OSCC are still limited. Several studies have shown that ncRNA-based treatment regimens may hold promise as alternative methods for treating OPMDs and OSCC. The use of ncRNAs as therapeutic agents, including miR-155, miR-34 and lncRNA HOTAIR, appear promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hetian Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Mao S, Li Y, Lu Z, Che Y, Huang J, Lei Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu C, Zheng S, Li N, Li J, Sun N, He J. Systematic profiling of immune signatures identifies prognostic predictors in lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:681-694. [PMID: 32462608 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the predominant subtype of lung cancer, with increasing evidence showing clinical benefits of immunotherapy. However, a lack of integrated profiles of complex LUAD immune microenvironments hampers the application of immunotherapy, resulting in limited eligible patient populations as well as drug resistance problems. Here, we aimed to systematically profile the immune signatures of LUADs and to assess the role of the immune microenvironment in patient outcome. METHODS We systematically profiled the immune signatures of LUADs deposited in the TCGA and GEO databases using a total of 730 immune-related genes. Differential expression analysis was used to identify dysregulated genes. Univariate Cox analysis followed by robust likelihood-based survival analysis and multivariate Cox analysis were applied to construct an immune-related prognostic model. RESULTS We found that differentially expressed immune genes were mainly enriched in immune cell proliferation, migration, activation and the NF-κB and TNF signaling pathways. The 10-immune gene predictive model that we constructed could differentiate LUAD patients with different overall survival times in several datasets, with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.67, 0.69, 0.72 and 0.74. LUAD patients with high- or low-risk scores exhibited distinct immune cell compositions, which may explain the prognostic significance of our model. CONCLUSIONS Our results add to the current knowledge of immune processes in LUADs and underscore the critical role of the immune microenvironment in LUAD patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhiliang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yun Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jianbing Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chengming Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Sufei Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jiagen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Yousefi M, Dehghani S, Nosrati R, Ghanei M, Salmaninejad A, Rajaie S, Hasanzadeh M, Pasdar A. Current insights into the metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer - hopes and hurdles. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:515-538. [PMID: 32418122 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Despite various attempts to improve the diagnosis and therapy of ovarian cancer patients, the survival rate for these patients is still dismal, mainly because most of them are diagnosed at a late stage. Up to 90% of ovarian cancers arise from neoplastic transformation of ovarian surface epithelial cells, and are usually referred to as epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Unlike most human cancers, which are disseminated through blood-borne metastatic routes, EOC has traditionally been thought to be disseminated through direct migration of ovarian tumor cells to the peritoneal cavity and omentum via peritoneal fluid. It has recently been shown, however, that EOC can also be disseminated through blood-borne metastatic routes, challenging previous thoughts about ovarian cancer metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Here, we review our current understanding of the most updated cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying EOC metastasis and discuss in more detail two main metastatic routes of EOC, i.e., transcoelomic metastasis and hematogenous metastasis. The emerging concept of blood-borne EOC metastasis has led to exploration of the significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as novel and non-invasive prognostic markers in this daunting cancer. We also evaluate the role of tumor stroma, including cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), endothelial cells, adipocytes, dendritic cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) components in EOC growth and metastasis. Lastly, we discuss therapeutic approaches for targeting EOC. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying EOC metastasis will open up avenues to the design of new therapeutic options. For instance, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the hematogenous metastasis of EOC, the biology of CTCs, and the detailed mechanisms through which EOC cells take advantage of stromal cells may help to find new opportunities for targeting EOC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahim Nosrati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghanei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Rajaie
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Division of Applied Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Sui H, Tan H, Fu J, Song Q, Jia R, Han L, Lv Y, Zhang H, Zheng D, Dong L, Wang S, Li Q, Xu H. The active fraction of Garcinia yunnanensis suppresses the progression of colorectal carcinoma by interfering with tumorassociated macrophage-associated M2 macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. FASEB J 2020; 34:7387-7403. [PMID: 32283574 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903011r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common solid tumor worldwide and has shown resistance to several immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint blockade therapy, which is effective in many other types of cancer. Our previous studies indicated that the active fraction of Garcinia yunnanensis (YTE-17), had potent anticancer activities by regulating multiple signaling pathways. However, knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YTE-17 in the prevention of CRC is limited. This study tested the effects of YTE-17 on colon cancer development in vivo by using two murine models: the carcigenic azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced CRC model and a genetically induced model using ApcMin/+ mice. Here, the tumor load, tumor number, histology, and even some oncogenes were used to evaluate the effect of YTE-17. The intragastric administration of YTE-17 for 12 weeks significantly decreased CRC incidence, tumor number and size, immunity, and some tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) markers, including CD206, Arg-1, IL-10, and TGF-β. Importantly, the macrophages depletion by clodronate (CEL) also played a role in reducing the tumor burden and inhibiting tumor development, which were not affected by YTE-17 in the ApcMin/+ mice. Moreover, the YTE-17 treatment attenuated CRC cell growth in a co-culture system in the presence of macrophages. Consistently, YTE-17 effectively reduced the tumor burden and macrophage infiltration and enhanced immunity in the AOM/DSS and ApcMin/+ colon tumor models. Altogether, we demonstrate that macrophages in the microenvironment may contribute to the development and progression of CRC cells and propose YTE-17 as a new potential drug option for the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songpo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Zhao X, Wang X, You Y, Wen D, Feng Z, Zhou Y, Que K, Gong J, Liu Z. Nogo-B fosters HCC progression by enhancing Yap/Taz-mediated tumor-associated macrophages M2 polarization. Exp Cell Res 2020; 391:111979. [PMID: 32246992 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and their M2-type extremely promote tumor angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nogo-B is expressed in most tissues and participates in macrophage polarization. However, whether Nogo-B is involved in the polarization and the effects of TAMs has been unclear. The expression of Nogo-B in TAMs of HCC patients is significantly increased, which correlated with the poor prognosis of the patients with HCC. Coincidentally, HCC conditioned medium (HCM) facilitated Nogo-B expression and the M2 phenotype of macrophages. Nogo-B knockdown Nogo-B significantly suppressed the M2-type polarization of macrophages and inhibited HCC cells proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, interference of Nogo-B facilitates macrophage-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells. Nogo-B meaningfully enhanced IL4-stimulated the alternative activation of macrophages as well as expression of the transcriptional regulators Yes-associated protein (Yap)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (Taz). An inhibitor of Yap, Verteporfin, could block Nogo-B-Yap/Taz-mediated macrophages M2 polarization. Nogo-B expression in macrophages facilitates tumor-associated macrophages M2 polarization and protumoral effects of TAMs in HCC. Targeting Nogo-B/Yap/Taz in macrophages could provide a new therapeutic strategy in HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Yu You
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Diguang Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Zhihao Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Kaizhou, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Keting Que
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Zuojin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of Chongqing, 400010, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
de Araujo Junior RF, Eich C, Jorquera C, Schomann T, Baldazzi F, Chan AB, Cruz LJ. Ceramide and palmitic acid inhibit macrophage-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 468:153-168. [PMID: 32222879 PMCID: PMC7145792 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that ceramide (Cer) and palmitic acid (PA) possess the ability to modulate switching of macrophage phenotypes and possess anti-tumorigenic effects; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Cer and PA could induce switching of macrophage polarization from the tumorigenic M2- towards the pro-inflammatory M1-phenotype, and whether this consequently altered the potential of colorectal cancer cells to undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a hallmark of tumor progression. Our study showed that Cer- and PA-treated macrophages increased expression of the macrophage 1 (M1)-marker CD68 and secretion of IL-12 and attenuated expression of the macrophage 2 (M2)-marker CD163 and IL-10 secretion. Moreover, Cer and PA abolished M2 macrophage-induced EMT and migration of colorectal cancer cells. At the molecular level, this coincided with inhibition of SNAI1 and vimentin expression and upregulation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, Cer and PA attenuated expression levels of IL-10 in colorectal cancer cells co-cultured with M2 macrophages and downregulated STAT3 and NF-κB expression. For the first time, our findings suggest the presence of an IL-10-STAT3-NF-κB signaling axis in colorectal cancer cells co-cultured with M2 macrophages, mimicking the tumor microenvironment. Importantly, PA and Cer were powerful inhibitors of this signaling axis and, consequently, EMT of colorectal cancer cells. These results contribute to our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that underlie the anti-tumorigenic effects of lipids for future combination with drugs in the therapy of colorectal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo Fernandes de Araujo Junior
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil. .,Post-Graduation Programme in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil. .,Post-Graduation Programme in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil. .,Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Christina Eich
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Jorquera
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Schomann
- Percuros B.V., 2333 CL, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Baldazzi
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alan B Chan
- Percuros B.V., 2333 CL, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Zheng Y, Wang N, Wang S, Yang B, Situ H, Zhong L, Lin Y, Wang Z. XIAOPI formula inhibits the pre-metastatic niche formation in breast cancer via suppressing TAMs/CXCL1 signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:48. [PMID: 32213179 PMCID: PMC7098160 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-0520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent findings suggested that premetastatic niche (PMN) is a prerequisite in mediating cancer metastasis. Previously we demonstrated that XIAOPI formula could inhibit breast cancer lung metastasis via inhibiting tumor associated macrophages (TAMs)-secreted CXCL1. Herein, we aimed to explore the effects of XIAOPI formula on preventing breast cancer PMN formation and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods CXCL1 expression of TAMs was detected by qPCR and Western blotting assay. The influences of XIAOPI formula on the proliferation of TAMs and 4 T1 in the co-culture system were tested by CCK8 or EdU staining. Transwell experiment was applied to determine the effects of XIAOPI formula on the invasion ability of HSPCs and 4 T1. Breast cancer xenografts were built by inoculating 4 T1 cells into the mammary pads of Balb/c mice and lung metastasis was monitored by luciferase imaging. Immune fluorescence assay was used to test the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and PMN formation in the lung tissues. The effects of XIAOPI formula on TAMs phenotype, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were determined by flow cytometry. Results It was found that XIAOPI formula could inhibit the proliferation and polarization of M2 phenotype macrophages, and reduce CXCL1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. However, M1 phenotype macrophages were not significantly affected by XIAOPI formula. TAMs/CXCL1 signaling was subsequently found to stimulate the recruitment of c-Kit+/Sca-1+ HSPCs and their differentiation into CD11b+/Gr-1+ MDSCs, which were symbolic events accounting for PMN formation. Moreover, XIAOPI formula was effective in inhibiting HSPCs activation and suppressing the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells 4 T1 induced by HSPCs and TAMs co-culture system, implying that XIAOPI was effective in preventing PMN formation in vitro. Breast cancer xenograft experiments further demonstrated that XIAOPI formula could inhibit breast cancer PMN formation and subsequent lung metastasis in vivo. The populations of HSPCs in the bone marrow and MDSCs in the lung tissues were all remarkably declined by XIAOPI formula treatment. However, the inhibitory effects of XIAOPI formula could be relieved by CXCL1 overexpression in the TAMs. Conclusions Taken together, our study provided preclinical evidence supporting the application of XIAOPI formula in preventing breast cancer PMN formation, and highlighted TAMs/CXCL1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for PMN targeting therapy. Video Abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zheng
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Neng Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Honglin Situ
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Lidan Zhong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Integrative Research Laboratory of Breast Cancer, the Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Fu W, Wang W, Li H, Jiao Y, Weng J, Huo R, Yan Z, Wang J, Xu H, Wang S, Wang J, Chen D, Cao Y, Zhao J. High Dimensional Mass Cytometry Analysis Reveals Characteristics of the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Diffuse Astrocytomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:78. [PMID: 32117733 PMCID: PMC7010913 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role in tumor development, progression, and prognosis. However, the characteristics of the TIME in diffuse astrocytoma (DA) are still unclear. Leveraging mass cytometry with a panel of 33 markers, we analyzed the infiltrating immune cells from 10 DA and 4 oligodendroglioma (OG) tissues and provided a single cell-resolution landscape of the intricate immune microenvironment. Our study profiled the composition of the TIME in DA and confirmed the presence of immune cells, such as glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and natural killer cells. Increased percentages of PD-1+ CD8+ T cells, TIM-3+ CD4+ T cell subpopulations, Tregs and pro-tumor phenotype GAMs substantially contribute to the local immunosuppressive microenvironment in DA. DAs and OGs share similar compositions in terms of immune cells, while GAMs in DA exhibit more inhibitory characteristics than those in OG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilun Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Institute of Hepatology, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You'an Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiancong Weng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Institute of Hepatology, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You'an Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Rahimi Kalateh Shah Mohammad G, Ghahremanloo A, Soltani A, Fathi E, Hashemy SI. Cytokines as potential combination agents with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for cancer treatment. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5449-5460. [PMID: 31970790 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has caused a paradigm shift in the treatment of several malignancies, particularly the blockade of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its specific receptor/ligand PD-L1 that have revolutionized the treatment of a variety of malignancies, but significant durable responses only occur in a small percentage of patients, and other patients failed to respond to the treatment. Even those who initially respond can ultimately relapse despite maintenance treatment, there is considerable potential for synergistic combinations of immunotherapy and chemotherapy agents with immune checkpoint inhibitors into conventional cancer treatments. The clinical experience in the use of cytokines in the clinical setting indicated the efficiency of cytokine therapy in cancer immunotherapy. Combinational approaches to enhancing PD-L1/PD-1 pathways blockade efficacy with several cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-15, IL-21, IL-12, IL-10, and interferon-α (IFN-α) may result in additional benefits. In this review, the current state of knowledge about PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, the date in the literature to ascertain the combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with cytokines is discussed. Finally, it is noteworthy that novel therapeutic approaches based on the efficient combination of recombinant cytokines with the PD-L1/PD-1 blockade therapy can enhance antitumor immune responses against various malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Atefeh Ghahremanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Esmat Fathi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Cruceriu D, Baldasici O, Balacescu O, Berindan-Neagoe I. The dual role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in breast cancer: molecular insights and therapeutic approaches. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:1-18. [PMID: 31900901 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide and the fifth cause of death among all cancer patients. Breast cancer development is driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) playing an essential role in disease progression and evolution through mechanisms like inflammation promotion. TNF-α is one of the essential pro-inflammatory cytokines found in the TME of breast cancer patients, being secreted both by stromal cells, mainly by tumor-associated macrophages, and by the cancer cells themselves. In this review, we explore the biological and clinical impact of TNF-α in all stages of breast cancer development. First of all, we explore the correlation between TNF-α expression levels at the tumor site or in plasma/serum of breast cancer patients and their respective clinical status and outcome. Secondly, we emphasize the role of TNF-α signaling in both estrogen-positive and -negative breast cancer cells. Thirdly, we underline TNF-α involvement in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of breast cancer cells, and we point out the contribution of TNF-α to the development of acquired drug resistance. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data reveal a pro-tumorigenic role of TNF-α during breast cancer progression and metastasis. We systemize the knowledge regarding TNF-α-related therapies in breast cancer, and we explain how TNF-α may act as both a target and a drug in different breast cancer therapeutic approaches. By corroborating the known molecular effects of TNF-α signaling in breast cancer cells with the results from several preclinical and clinical trials, including TNF-α-related clinical observations, we conclude that the potential of TNF-α in breast cancer therapy promises to be of great interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cruceriu
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Baldasici
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania. .,11th Department of Medical Oncology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania. .,Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. .,MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Liu W, Xie X, Wu J. Mechanism of lung adenocarcinoma spine metastasis induced by CXCL17. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 43:311-320. [PMID: 31832986 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Spine metastases are common in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Improving the clinical outcome of spine metastasis LUAD patients requires knowledge on the mechanism underlying the metastatic process. Here, we sought to decipher the effect and mechanism of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CXCL17) on LUAD spine metastasis. METHODS Clinical tumor tissue samples, lung cancer cell lines and a TCGA dataset were used for CXCL17 expression analyses. A transwell invasion assay was used to assess the chemotaxis capacity of mononuclear macrophages induced by CXCL17. Western blotting was performed to explore the mechanism of mononuclear macrophage chemotaxis towards CXCL17. A cell counting kit-8 assay was employed to investigate the effect of conditioned medium from M1 and M2 macrophages on the proliferation of lung cancer cells. RESULTS We found that the expression of CXCL17 was higher in clinical LUAD samples and LUAD cell lines than in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) samples and cell lines. Moreover, we found that CXCL17 increased the migration of THP-1 mononuclear macrophages by activating the Src/FAK pathway. In addition, we found that conditioned medium from M2 macrophages promoted the proliferation of LUAD cells. CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that CXCL17 is a key regulator of LUAD spine metastasis. CXCL17 and its downstream Src/FAK pathway may serve as clinical intervention targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangmi Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiankuan Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Ding W, Tan Y, Qian Y, Xue W, Wang Y, Jiang P, Xu X. Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophages in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223971. [PMID: 31618252 PMCID: PMC6795444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) deserve more focus because of its clinicopathologic and prognostic roles in solid tumors. However, the prognostic value of TAMs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to resolve the issue. METHODS We selected relevant studies from the Cochrane Library, Embase and PubMed databases. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated employing fixed-effect or random-effect models depending on the heterogeneity of the included trials. Moreover, we also performed subgroup analysis, cumulative meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis (Egger's test). RESULTS A total of 20 observational studies with 4297 patients were enrolled. For TAMs subsets, high density of CD68+ TAMs in either intratumor (IT) (pooled HR = 1.417; 95% CI = 1.092-1.839; P = 0.009) or peritumor (PT) (pooled HR = 1.393; 95% CI = 1.022-1.899; P = 0.036) was associated with a poor OS. High density of CD68+ TAMs in IT was also associated with high AFP value, large tumor size, absent encapsulation, present vascular invasion, and later tumor-nodes-metastasis (TNM) stage. High density of CD163+ macrophages in serum was associated with a poor OS (pooled HR = 5.698; 95% CI = 3.062-10.603; P < 0.001). High density of CD204+ TAMs in IT was associated with a poor OS (pooled HR = 1.947; 95% CI = 1.387-2.733; P < 0.001. High density of CD206+ TAMs in IT was associated with a poor OS (pooled HR = 1.723; 95% CI = 1.308-2.270; P < 0.001) and DFS (pooled HR = 1.711; 95% CI = 1.214-2.412; P = 0.002). However, high density of CD169+ TAMs in IT was associated with a good OS (pooled HR = 0.471; 95% CI = 0.343-0.647; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS TAMs could serve as independent predictive indicators and therapeutic targets for HCC. Further trials are needed to elucidate the exact relationship and the underlying mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yulin Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Respiration, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xuezhong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Mukherjee S, Sonanini D, Maurer A, Daldrup-Link HE. The yin and yang of imaging tumor associated macrophages with PET and MRI. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:7730-7748. [PMID: 31695797 PMCID: PMC6831464 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) are key players in the cancer microenvironment. Molecular imaging modalities such as MRI and PET can be used to track and monitor TAM dynamics in tumors non-invasively, based on specific uptake and quantification of MRI-detectable nanoparticles or PET-detectable radiotracers. Particular molecular signatures can be leveraged to target anti-inflammatory TAM, which support tumor growth, and pro-inflammatory TAM, which suppress tumor growth. In addition, TAM-directed imaging probes can be designed to include immune modulating properties, thereby leading to combined diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) effects. In this review, we will discuss the complementary role of TAM-directed radiotracers and iron oxide nanoparticles for monitoring cancer immunotherapies with PET and MRI technologies. In addition, we will outline how TAM-directed imaging and therapy is interdependent and can be connected towards improved clinical outcomes
Collapse
|
141
|
Lu C, Rong D, Zhang B, Zheng W, Wang X, Chen Z, Tang W. Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:130. [PMID: 31464625 PMCID: PMC6714090 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on the rise due to the prevalence of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Although there are surgical and chemotherapy treatment avenues the mortality rate of HCC remains high. Immunotherapy is currently the new frontier of cancer treatment and the immunobiology of HCC is emerging as an area for further exploration. The tumor microenvironment coexists and interacts with various immune cells to sustain the growth of HCC. Thus, immunosuppressive cells play an important role in the anti-tumor immune response. This review will discuss the current concepts of immunosuppressive cells, including tumor-associated macrophages, marrow-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated neutrophils, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and regulatory T cell interactions to actively promote tumorigenesis. It further elaborates on current treatment modalities and future areas of exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dawei Rong
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Betty Zhang
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wubin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|