101
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Kong K, Hu S, Yue J, Yang Z, Jabbour SK, Deng Y, Zhao B, Li F. Integrative genomic profiling reveals characteristics of lymph node metastasis in small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:295-311. [PMID: 36895932 PMCID: PMC9989804 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive lung cancer subtype, with more than 70% of patients having metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. However, no integrated multi-omics analysis has been performed to explore novel differentially expressed genes (DEGs) or significantly mutated genes (SMGs) associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in SCLC. Methods In this study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-sequencing were performed on tumor specimens to investigate the association between genomic and transcriptome alterations and LNM in SCLC patients with (N+, n=15) or without (N0, n=11) LNM. Results The results of WES revealed that the most common mutations occurred in TTN (85%) and TP53 (81%). The SMGs, including ZNF521, CDH10, ZNF429, POLE, and FAM135B, were associated with LNM. Cosmic signature analysis showed that mutation signatures 2, 4, and 7 were associated with LNM. Meanwhile, DEGs, including MAGEA4, FOXI3, RXFP2, and TRHDE, were found to be associated with LNM. Furthermore, we found that the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of RB1 (P=0.0087), AFF3 (P=0.058), TDG (P=0.05), and ANKRD28 (P=0.042) were significantly correlated with copy number variants (CNVs), and ANKRD28 expression was consistently lower in N+ tumors than in N0 tumors. Further validation in cBioPortal revealed a significant correlation between LNM and poor prognosis in SCLC (P=0.014), although there was no significant correlation between LNM and overall survival (OS) in our cohort (P=0.75). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first integrative genomics profiling of LNM in SCLC. Our findings are particularly important for early detection and the provision of reliable therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangle Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi Yue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziheng Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Salma K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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102
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Groves SM, Panchy N, Tyson DR, Harris LA, Quaranta V, Hong T. Involvement of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Genes in Small Cell Lung Cancer Phenotypic Plasticity. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1477. [PMID: 36900269 PMCID: PMC10001072 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive cancer recalcitrant to treatment, arising predominantly from epithelial pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) cells. Intratumor heterogeneity plays critical roles in SCLC disease progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. At least five transcriptional SCLC NE and non-NE cell subtypes were recently defined by gene expression signatures. Transition from NE to non-NE cell states and cooperation between subtypes within a tumor likely contribute to SCLC progression by mechanisms of adaptation to perturbations. Therefore, gene regulatory programs distinguishing SCLC subtypes or promoting transitions are of great interest. Here, we systematically analyze the relationship between SCLC NE/non-NE transition and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-a well-studied cellular process contributing to cancer invasiveness and resistance-using multiple transcriptome datasets from SCLC mouse tumor models, human cancer cell lines, and tumor samples. The NE SCLC-A2 subtype maps to the epithelial state. In contrast, SCLC-A and SCLC-N (NE) map to a partial mesenchymal state (M1) that is distinct from the non-NE, partial mesenchymal state (M2). The correspondence between SCLC subtypes and the EMT program paves the way for further work to understand gene regulatory mechanisms of SCLC tumor plasticity with applicability to other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Groves
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Nicholas Panchy
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Darren R. Tyson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Leonard A. Harris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Tian Hong
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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103
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Werba G, Weissinger D, Kawaler EA, Zhao E, Kalfakakou D, Dhara S, Wang L, Lim HB, Oh G, Jing X, Beri N, Khanna L, Gonda T, Oberstein P, Hajdu C, Loomis C, Heguy A, Sherman MH, Lund AW, Welling TH, Dolgalev I, Tsirigos A, Simeone DM. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the effects of chemotherapy on human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its tumor microenvironment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:797. [PMID: 36781852 PMCID: PMC9925748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a complex ecosystem that drives tumor progression; however, in-depth single cell characterization of the PDAC TME and its role in response to therapy is lacking. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing on freshly collected human PDAC samples either before or after chemotherapy. Overall, we find a heterogeneous mixture of basal and classical cancer cell subtypes, along with distinct cancer-associated fibroblast and macrophage subpopulations. Strikingly, classical and basal-like cancer cells exhibit similar transcriptional responses to chemotherapy and do not demonstrate a shift towards a basal-like transcriptional program among treated samples. We observe decreased ligand-receptor interactions in treated samples, particularly between TIGIT on CD8 + T cells and its receptor on cancer cells, and identify TIGIT as the major inhibitory checkpoint molecule of CD8 + T cells. Our results suggest that chemotherapy profoundly impacts the PDAC TME and may promote resistance to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Werba
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Daniel Weissinger
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Emily A Kawaler
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Ende Zhao
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Despoina Kalfakakou
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Surajit Dhara
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Lidong Wang
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Heather B Lim
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Grace Oh
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Xiaohong Jing
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Nina Beri
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Lauren Khanna
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Tamas Gonda
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Paul Oberstein
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Cristina Hajdu
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Cynthia Loomis
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Mara H Sherman
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Amanda W Lund
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Theodore H Welling
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA. .,Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA.
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA. .,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA. .,Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, 10016, USA.
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104
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Molecular Classification of Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinomas With Emphasis on POU2F3-positive Tuft Cell Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2023; 47:183-193. [PMID: 36253891 PMCID: PMC9833113 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (EP-NECs) are associated with a poor clinical outcome, and limited information is available on the biology and treatment of EP-NECs. We studied EP-NECs by applying the recent novel findings from studies of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas, including POU2F3, the master regulator of tuft cell variant of small cell lung carcinomas. A cohort of 190 patients with surgically resected EP-NECs or poorly differentiated carcinomas (PDCs) were established. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for POU2F3 along with ASCL1, NEUROD1, YAP1, and conventional neuroendocrine markers was performed on tissue microarrays. Selected cases with or without POU2F3 expression were subjected to targeted gene expression profiling using nCounter PanCancer Pathway panel. POU2F3-positive tuft cell carcinomas were present in 12.6% of EP-NEC/PDCs, with variable proportions according to organ systems. POU2F3 expression was negatively correlated with the expression levels of ASCL1, NEUROD1, and conventional neuroendocrine markers ( P <0.001), enabling IHC-based molecular classification into ASCL1-dominant, NEUROD1-dominant, POU2F3-dominant, YAP1-dominant, and not otherwise specified subtypes. Compared wih POU2F3-negative cases, POU2F3-positive tuft cell carcinomas showed markedly higher expression levels of PLCG2 and BCL2 , which was also validated in the entire cohort by IHC. In addition to POU2F3, YAP1-positive tumors were a distinct subtype among EP-NEC/PDCs, characterized by unique T-cell inflamed microenvironment. We found rare extrapulmonary POU2F3-positive tumors arising from previously unappreciated cells of origin. Our data show novel molecular pathologic features of EP-NEC/PDCs including potential therapeutic vulnerabilities, thereby emphasizing the need for focusing on unique features of EP-NEC/PDCs.
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105
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Li X, Li Y, Zhao Z, Miao N, Liu G, Deng L, Wei S, Hou J. Immunogenicity of small-cell lung cancer associates with STING pathway activation and is enhanced by ATR and TOP1 inhibition. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4864-4881. [PMID: 35957613 PMCID: PMC9972012 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The activation of STING (stimulator of interferon genes) pathway enhances antitumor immunity in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), while the DNA damage induced by non-cGAMP-based agonists is a potent inducer of STING activity. Here, we investigate the intrinsic expression of STING in cancer cells and evaluate the value of the combination of ATR and TOP1 inhibitors in enhancing antitumor immunity. METHODS STING expression was assessed at mRNA and protein levels in SCLC and normal lung tissues. Transcriptomic subsets of SCLC were identified based on STING-related genes. Distinct mutation and immunogenomic profiles of these subsets were determined. The direct antitumor efficacy and the potential of enhancing antitumor immunity of the strategy using the ATR-TOP1-inhibitor combination were tested in SCLC cell lines. RESULTS The intrinsic expression of STING was significantly reduced in SCLC compared to normal lung tissues (p < 0.0001). Three STING-related SCLC subtypes were identified in which the STING-high subtype was associated with (1) high immune infiltration, (2) high expression of genes related to MHC and immune checkpoints, and (3) high EMT and ferroptosis score. On the contrary, the STING-low subtype was enriched with pathways related to DNA damage response (DDR) and cell cycle progression. The association between the DDR pathway activity and the STING-IFN innate immune response was verified by in vitro experiments in which the inhibition of ATR and TOP1 triggered the expression of genes encoding type I IFN signaling and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in a STING-low SCLC cell line. CONCLUSION Our study verifies that activation of the STING-IFN response by ATR and TOP1 inhibitors might be a therapeutic strategy to improve the response to immune checkpoint therapy in STING-low SCLC. Furthermore, the combinations of ATR and TOP1 inhibitors can augment tumor inflammation in STING-low SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Li
- The Laboratory of Computational Medicine and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziwen Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nabo Miao
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guorong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liaoyuan Deng
- The Laboratory of Computational Medicine and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuquan Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Hou
- The Laboratory of Computational Medicine and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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106
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Li F, Yang Y, Xu Y, Li K, Song L, Xue Y, Dong D. Comparative study of the genomic landscape and tumor microenvironment among large cell carcinoma of the lung, large cell neuroendocrine of the lung, and small cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32781. [PMID: 36705391 PMCID: PMC9876020 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the genomic profiles and tumor microenvironment (TME) in large cell carcinomas of the lung (LCC), large cell neuroendocrine of the lung (LCNEC), and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) might contribute to a better understanding of lung cancer and then improve outcomes. Ten LCC patients, 12 LCNEC patients, and 18 SCLC patients were enrolled. Targeted next-generation sequencing was used to investigate the genomic profiles of LCC, LCNEC, and SCLC. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) within cancer cell nests and in cancer stroma were counted separately. Precise 60% of LCNEC patients harbored classical non-small cell lung cancer driver alterations, occurring in BRAF, KRAS, ROS1, and RET. More than 70% of SCLC patients harbored TP53-RB1 co-alterations. Moreover, 88.9%, 40%, and 77.8% of LCC, LCNEC, and SCLC cases had a high tumor mutation burden level with more than 7 mutations/Mb. Furthermore, high index of CD68+ CD163+ (TILs within cancer cell nests/ TILs within cancer cell nests and in cancer stroma, P = .041, 548 days vs not reached) and CD163+ TILs (P = .041, 548 days vs not reached) predicted a shorter OS in SCLC. Our findings revealed the distinct genomic profiles and TME contexture among LCC, LCNEC, and SCLC. Our findings suggest that stratifying LCNEC/SCLC patients based on TME contexture might help clinical disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Li
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linhong Song
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Xue
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Dong
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- * Correspondence: Dandan Dong, Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science, and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China (e-mail: )
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107
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Chou J, Egusa EA, Wang S, Badura ML, Lee F, Bidkar AP, Zhu J, Shenoy T, Trepka K, Robinson TM, Steri V, Huang J, Wang Y, Small EJ, Chan E, Stohr BA, Ashworth A, Delafontaine B, Rottey S, Cooke KS, Hashemi Sadraei N, Yu B, Salvati M, Bailis JM, Feng FY, Flavell RR, Aggarwal R. Immunotherapeutic Targeting and PET Imaging of DLL3 in Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:301-315. [PMID: 36351060 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Effective treatments for de novo and treatment-emergent small-cell/neuroendocrine (t-SCNC) prostate cancer represent an unmet need for this disease. Using metastatic biopsies from patients with advanced cancer, we demonstrate that delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is expressed in de novo and t-SCNC and is associated with reduced survival. We develop a PET agent, [89Zr]-DFO-DLL3-scFv, that detects DLL3 levels in mouse SCNC models. In multiple patient-derived xenograft models, AMG 757 (tarlatamab), a half-life-extended bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) immunotherapy that redirects CD3-positive T cells to kill DLL3-expressing cells, exhibited potent and durable antitumor activity. Late relapsing tumors after AMG 757 treatment exhibited lower DLL3 levels, suggesting antigen loss as a resistance mechanism, particularly in tumors with heterogeneous DLL3 expression. These findings have been translated into an ongoing clinical trial of AMG 757 in de novo and t-SCNC, with a confirmed objective partial response in a patient with histologically confirmed SCNC. Overall, these results identify DLL3 as a therapeutic target in SCNC and demonstrate that DLL3-targeted BiTE immunotherapy has significant antitumor activity in this aggressive prostate cancer subtype. SIGNIFICANCE The preclinical and clinical evaluation of DLL3-directed immunotherapy, AMG 757, and development of a PET radiotracer for noninvasive DLL3 detection demonstrate the potential of targeting DLL3 in SCNC prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Chou
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily A Egusa
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Sinan Wang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Michelle L Badura
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California
| | - Fei Lee
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Amgen, South San Francisco, California
| | - Anil P Bidkar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jun Zhu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Tanushree Shenoy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kai Trepka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Troy M Robinson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Veronica Steri
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia.,Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric J Small
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily Chan
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Bradley A Stohr
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Keegan S Cooke
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | - Brian Yu
- Global Development, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mark Salvati
- Global Development, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Julie M Bailis
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Amgen, South San Francisco, California
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert R Flavell
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
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108
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Yaeger R, Mezzadra R, Sinopoli J, Bian Y, Marasco M, Kaplun E, Gao Y, Zhao H, Paula ADC, Zhu Y, Perez AC, Chadalavada K, Tse E, Chowdhry S, Bowker S, Chang Q, Qeriqi B, Weigelt B, Nanjangud GJ, Berger MF, Der-Torossian H, Anderes K, Socci ND, Shia J, Riely GJ, Murciano-Goroff YR, Li BT, Christensen JG, Reis-Filho JS, Solit DB, de Stanchina E, Lowe SW, Rosen N, Misale S. Molecular Characterization of Acquired Resistance to KRASG12C-EGFR Inhibition in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:41-55. [PMID: 36355783 PMCID: PMC9827113 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
With the combination of KRASG12C and EGFR inhibitors, KRAS is becoming a druggable target in colorectal cancer. However, secondary resistance limits its efficacy. Using cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and patient samples, we detected a heterogeneous pattern of putative resistance alterations expected primarily to prevent inhibition of ERK signaling by drugs at progression. Serial analysis of patient blood samples on treatment demonstrates that most of these alterations are detected at a low frequency except for KRASG12C amplification, a recurrent resistance mechanism that rises in step with clinical progression. Upon drug withdrawal, resistant cells with KRASG12C amplification undergo oncogene-induced senescence, and progressing patients experience a rapid fall in levels of this alteration in circulating DNA. In this new state, drug resumption is ineffective as mTOR signaling is elevated. However, our work exposes a potential therapeutic vulnerability, whereby therapies that target the senescence response may overcome acquired resistance. SIGNIFICANCE Clinical resistance to KRASG12C-EGFR inhibition primarily prevents suppression of ERK signaling. Most resistance mechanisms are subclonal, whereas KRASG12C amplification rises over time to drive a higher portion of resistance. This recurrent resistance mechanism leads to oncogene-induced senescence upon drug withdrawal and creates a potential vulnerability to senolytic approaches. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Riccardo Mezzadra
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jenna Sinopoli
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yu Bian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michelangelo Marasco
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Esther Kaplun
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yijun Gao
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - HuiYong Zhao
- Antitumour Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Arnaud Da Cruz Paula
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Almudena Chaves Perez
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kalyani Chadalavada
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Edison Tse
- Boundless Bio, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | - Sydney Bowker
- Antitumour Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Qing Chang
- Antitumour Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Besnik Qeriqi
- Antitumour Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gouri J. Nanjangud
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael F. Berger
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Nicholas D. Socci
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jinru Shia
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gregory J. Riely
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Bob T. Li
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Jorge S. Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David B. Solit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumour Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Molecular-Based Therapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sandra Misale
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Khan P, Siddiqui JA, Kshirsagar PG, Venkata RC, Maurya SK, Mirzapoiazova T, Perumal N, Chaudhary S, Kanchan RK, Fatima M, Khan MA, Rehman AU, Lakshmanan I, Mahapatra S, Talmon GA, Kulkarni P, Ganti AK, Jain M, Salgia R, Batra SK, Nasser MW. MicroRNA-1 attenuates the growth and metastasis of small cell lung cancer through CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:1. [PMID: 36597126 PMCID: PMC9811802 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive lung cancer subtype that is associated with high recurrence and poor prognosis. Due to lack of potential drug targets, SCLC patients have few therapeutic options. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) provide an interesting repertoire of therapeutic molecules; however, the identification of miRNAs regulating SCLC growth and metastasis and their precise regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. METHODS To identify novel miRNAs regulating SCLC, we performed miRNA-sequencing from donor/patient serum samples and analyzed the bulk RNA-sequencing data from the tumors of SCLC patients. Further, we developed a nanotechnology-based, highly sensitive method to detect microRNA-1 (miR-1, identified miRNA) in patient serum samples and SCLC cell lines. To assess the therapeutic potential of miR-1, we developed various in vitro models, including miR-1 sponge (miR-1Zip) and DOX-On-miR-1 (Tet-ON) inducible stable overexpression systems. Mouse models derived from intracardiac injection of SCLC cells (miR-1Zip and DOX-On-miR-1) were established to delineate the role of miR-1 in SCLC metastasis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of miR-1 and target proteins (mouse and human tumor specimens), respectively. Dual-luciferase assay was used to validate the target of miR-1, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to investigate the protein-gene interactions. RESULTS A consistent downregulation of miR-1 was observed in tumor tissues and serum samples of SCLC patients compared to their matched normal controls, and these results were recapitulated in SCLC cell lines. Gain of function studies of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines showed decreased cell growth and oncogenic signaling, whereas loss of function studies of miR-1 rescued this effect. Intracardiac injection of gain of function of miR-1 SCLC cell lines in the mouse models showed a decrease in distant organ metastasis, whereas loss of function of miR-1 potentiated growth and metastasis. Mechanistic studies revealed that CXCR4 is a direct target of miR-1 in SCLC. Using unbiased transcriptomic analysis, we identified CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 as a unique axis that regulates SCLC growth and metastasis. Our results further showed that FOXM1 directly binds to the RRM2 promoter and regulates its activity in SCLC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that miR-1 is a critical regulator for decreasing SCLC growth and metastasis. It targets the CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis and has a high potential for the development of novel SCLC therapies. MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) downregulation in the tumor tissues and serum samples of SCLC patients is an important hallmark of tumor growth and metastasis. The introduction of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines decreases cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, miR-1 directly targets CXCR4, which further prevents FOXM1 binding to the RRM2 promoter and decreases SCLC growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Prakash G Kshirsagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | | | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ranjana Kumari Kanchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mahek Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Md Arafat Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Apar K Ganti
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA-Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung and gastrointestinal system: convergent biology and a path to better therapies. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:16-32. [PMID: 36307533 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) can develop in almost any organ and span a spectrum from well-differentiated and indolent neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) to poorly differentiated and highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). These neoplasms are thought to primarily derive from neuroendocrine precursor cells located throughout the body and can also arise through neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of organ-specific epithelial cell types. Hence, NENs constitute a group of tumour types that share key genomic and phenotypic characteristics irrespective of their site of origin, albeit with some organ-specific differences. The establishment of representative preclinical models for several of these disease entities together with analyses of human tumour specimens has provided important insights into crucial aspects of their biology with therapeutic implications. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of NENs of the gastrointestinal system and lung from clinical and biological perspectives. Research on NENs has typically been siloed by the tumour site of origin, and a cross-cutting view might enable advances in one area to accelerate research in others. Therefore, we aim to emphasize that a better understanding of the commonalities and differences of NENs arising in different organs might more effectively inform clinical research to define therapeutic targets and ultimately optimize patient care.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The unique properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs) make lung cancer untargetable for quite an extended period. The functional mechanism of this cell type has been illustrated step by step. However, the outcomes of lung cancer patients are still lower than expected clinically. The attempts made by scientists to make challenge history against stemness maintenance of lung cancer cells and their druggable targets are worth elucidating. RECENT FINDINGS Many agents, including the Bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) and AMG 119 targeting DLL3-positive cells, are a tremendous breakthrough in the preclinical and clinical treatment of SCLC. More studies focus on targeting CSCs to overcome TKI resistance in NSCLC. The combo targeting of CSC and the immune microenvironment can favor the treatment of lung cancer patients. SUMMARY The current review elucidates the characteristics and related regulating pathways of lung CSCs from essential to preclinical research. We retrospectively introduce an update on the clinical development of therapeutics targeting CSC-associated developmental signaling pathways and discuss the opportunities to target CSC-immune interactions in lung cancer.
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Challenges in the treatment of small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy and molecular classification. Lung Cancer 2023; 175:88-100. [PMID: 36493578 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For many years the standard of care for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has remained unchanged. Despite decades of active research, current treatment options are limited and the prognosis of patients with extended disease (ED) SCLC remains poor. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represents an exception and the only recent approval for ED-SCLC. However, the magnitude of benefit obtained with immunotherapy in SCLC is much more modest than that observed in other malignancies. Different pro-immunogenic or immunosuppressive features within the tumor microenvironment of SCLC may either modulate the sensitivity to immunotherapy or conversely dampen the efficacy of ICIs. Beside immunotherapy, a deeper understanding of the molecular biology of SCLC has led to the identification of new therapeutic targets for this lethal malignancy. Recent epigenetic and gene expression studies have resulted into a new molecular classification of four distinct subtypes of SCLC, defined by the relative expression of key transcription regulators and each characterized by specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. This review discusses the rationale for immunotherapy in SCLC and summarizes the main ICIs-trials in this tumor. We provide also an overview of new potential therapeutic opportunities and their integration with the new molecular classification of SCLC.
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Shen M, Kang Y. Cancer fitness genes: emerging therapeutic targets for metastasis. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:69-82. [PMID: 36184492 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of cancer therapeutics has traditionally focused on targeting driver oncogenes. Such an approach is limited by toxicity to normal tissues and treatment resistance. A class of 'cancer fitness genes' with crucial roles in metastasis have been identified. Elevated or altered activities of these genes do not directly cause cancer; instead, they relieve the stresses that tumor cells encounter and help them adapt to a changing microenvironment, thus facilitating tumor progression and metastasis. Importantly, as normal cells do not experience high levels of stress under physiological conditions, targeting cancer fitness genes is less likely to cause toxicity to noncancerous tissues. Here, we summarize the key features and function of cancer fitness genes and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Research Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, MI, USA.
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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Leung ELH, Fan XX, Huang JM, Huang C, Lin H, Cao YB. Holistic immunomodulation for small cell lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:96-105. [PMID: 36470543 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a high mortality rate, rapid growth, and early metastasis, which lead to a poor prognosis. Moreover, limited clinical treatment options further lower the survival rate of patients. Therefore, novel technology and agents are urgently required to enhance clinical efficacy. In this review, from a holistic perspective, we summarized the therapeutic targets, agents and strategies with the most potential for treating SCLC, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy, immunomodulating antibodies, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), and the microbiota, which have been found recently to improve the clinical outcomes and prognosis of SCLC. Multiomics technologies can be integrated to develop effective diagnostic methods and identify new targets for new drug discovery in SCLC. We discussed in depth the feasibility, potential, and challenges of these new strategies, as well as their combinational treatments, which may provide promising alternatives for enhancing the clinical efficacy of SCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ju-Min Huang
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chen Huang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Hong Lin
- Zhuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya-Bing Cao
- Department of Oncology, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
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Zhang K, Zhang C, Wang K, Teng X, Chen M. Identifying diagnostic markers and constructing a prognostic model for small-cell lung cancer based on blood exosome-related genes and machine-learning methods. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1077118. [PMID: 36620585 PMCID: PMC9814973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1077118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) usually presents as an extensive disease with a poor prognosis at the time of diagnosis. Exosomes are rich in biological information and have a powerful impact on tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, this study aimed to screen for diagnostic markers of blood exosomes in SCLC patients and to build a prognostic model. Methods We identified blood exosome differentially expressed (DE) RNAs in the exoRBase cohort and identified feature RNAs by the LASSO, Random Forest, and SVM-REF three algorithms. Then, we identified DE genes (DEGs) between SCLC tissues and normal lung tissues in the GEO cohort and obtained exosome-associated DEGs (EDEGs) by intersection with exosomal DEmRNAs. Finally, we performed univariate Cox, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses on EDEGs to construct the model. We then compared the patients' overall survival (OS) between the two risk groups and assessed the independent prognostic value of the model using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results We identified 952 DEmRNAs, 210 DElncRNAs, and 190 DEcircRNAs in exosomes and identified 13 feature RNAs with good diagnostic value. Then, we obtained 274 EDEGs and constructed a risk model containing 7 genes (TBX21, ZFHX2, HIST2H2BE, LTBP1, SIAE, HIST1H2AL, and TSPAN9). Low-risk patients had a longer OS time than high-risk patients. The risk model can independently predict the prognosis of SCLC patients with the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of 0.820 at 1 year, 0.952 at 3 years, and 0.989 at 5 years. Conclusions We identified 13 valuable diagnostic markers in the exosomes of SCLC patients and constructed a new promising prognostic model for SCLC.
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Gopal P, Petty A, Rogacki K, Bera T, Bareja R, Peacock CD, Abazeed ME. Multivalent state transitions shape the intratumoral composition of small cell lung carcinoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp8674. [PMID: 36516249 PMCID: PMC9750150 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies to date have not resolved how diverse transcriptional programs contribute to the intratumoral heterogeneity of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), an aggressive tumor associated with a dismal prognosis. Here, we identify distinct and commutable transcriptional states that confer discrete functional attributes in individual SCLC tumors. We combine an integrative approach comprising the transcriptomes of 52,975 single cells, high-resolution measurement of cell state dynamics at the single-cell level, and functional and correlative studies using treatment naïve xenografts with associated clinical outcomes. We show that individual SCLC tumors contain distinctive proportions of stable cellular states that are governed by bidirectional cell state transitions. Using drugs that target the epigenome, we reconfigure tumor state composition in part by altering individual state transition rates. Our results reveal new insights into how single-cell transition behaviors promote cell state equilibrium in SCLC and suggest that facile plasticity underlies its resistance to therapy and lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gopal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Aaron Petty
- Department of Translational Hematology Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St./NE-6, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Kevin Rogacki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Titas Bera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Craig D. Peacock
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Biomedical Research Building 647B, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mohamed E. Abazeed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St., Galter Pavilion LC-178, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St./Lurie 7, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Kirk NA, Kim KB, Park KS. Effect of chromatin modifiers on the plasticity and immunogenicity of small-cell lung cancer. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:2118-2127. [PMID: 36509828 PMCID: PMC9794818 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are often involved in maintaining homeostasis. Loss of tumor suppressor functions causes cellular plasticity that drives numerous types of cancer, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive type of lung cancer. SCLC is largely driven by numerous loss-of-function mutations in TSGs, often in those encoding chromatin modifiers. These mutations present a therapeutic challenge because they are not directly actionable. Alternatively, understanding the resulting molecular changes may provide insight into tumor intervention strategies. We hypothesize that despite the heterogeneous genomic landscape in SCLC, the impacts of mutations in patient tumors are related to a few important pathways causing malignancy. Specifically, alterations in chromatin modifiers result in transcriptional dysregulation, driving mutant cells toward a highly plastic state that renders them immune evasive and highly metastatic. This review will highlight studies in which imbalance of chromatin modifiers with opposing functions led to loss of immune recognition markers, effectively masking tumor cells from the immune system. This review also discusses the role of chromatin modifiers in maintaining neuroendocrine characteristics and the role of aberrant transcriptional control in promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition during tumor development and progression. While these pathways are thought to be disparate, we highlight that the pathways often share molecular drivers and mediators. Understanding the relationships among frequently altered chromatin modifiers will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of SCLC development and progression and therefore may reveal preventive and therapeutic vulnerabilities of SCLC and other cancers with similar mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Kirk
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
| | - Kee-Beom Kim
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Sik Park
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
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Li C, Liu D, Yang S, Hua K. Integrated single-cell transcriptome analysis of the tumor ecosystems underlying cervical cancer metastasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:966291. [PMID: 36569924 PMCID: PMC9780385 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.966291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most frequent female malignancies worldwide. However, the molecular mechanism of lymph node metastasis in CC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the transcriptome profile of 51,507 single cells from primary tumors, positive lymph nodes (P-LN), and negative lymph nodes (N-LN) using single-cell sequencing. Validation experiments were performed using bulk transcriptomic datasets and immunohistochemical assays. Our results indicated that epithelial cells in metastatic LN were associated with cell- cycle-related signaling pathways, such as E2F targets, and mitotic spindle, and immune response-related signaling pathways, such as allograft rejection, IL2_STAT5_signaling, and inflammatory response. However, epithelial cells in primary tumors exhibited high enrichment of epithelial-mesenchymal translation (EMT), oxidative phosphorylation, and interferon alpha response. Our analysis then indicated that metastasis LN exhibited an early activated tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by the decrease of naive T cells and an increase of cytotoxicity CD8 T cells, NK cells, FOXP3+ Treg cells compared with normal LN. By comparing the differently expressed gene of macrophages between tumor and metastatic LN, we discovered that C1QA+ MRC1low macrophages were enriched in a tumor, whereas C1QA+ MRC1high macrophages were enriched in metastatic LN. Finally, we demonstrated that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in P-LN were associated with immune regulation, while CAFs in tumor underwent EMT. Our findings offered novel insights into the mechanisms of research, diagnosis, and therapy of CC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danyang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Keqin Hua,
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Khan P, Fatima M, Khan MA, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Emerging role of chemokines in small cell lung cancer: Road signs for metastasis, heterogeneity, and immune response. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:117-126. [PMID: 36371025 PMCID: PMC10199458 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant, relatively immune-cold, and deadly subtype of lung cancer. SCLC has been viewed as a single or homogenous disease that includes deletion or inactivation of the two major tumor suppressor genes (TP53 and RB1) as a key hallmark. However, recent sightings suggest the complexity of SCLC tumors that comprises highly dynamic multiple subtypes contributing to high intratumor heterogeneity. Furthermore, the absence of targeted therapies, the understudied tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and subtype plasticity are also responsible for therapy resistance. Secretory chemokines play a crucial role in immunomodulation by trafficking immune cells to the tumors. Chemokines and cytokines modulate the anti-tumor immune response and wield a pro-/anti-tumorigenic effect on SCLC cells after binding to cognate receptors. In this review, we summarize and highlight recent findings that establish the role of chemokines in SCLC growth and metastasis, and sophisticated intratumor heterogeneity. We also discuss the chemokine networks that are putative targets or modulators for augmenting the anti-tumor immune responses in targeted or chemo-/immuno-therapeutic strategies, and how these combinations may be utilized to conquer SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mahek Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Md Arafat Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Klocke J, Kim SJ, Skopnik CM, Hinze C, Boltengagen A, Metzke D, Grothgar E, Prskalo L, Wagner L, Freund P, Görlich N, Muench F, Schmidt-Ott KM, Mashreghi MF, Kocks C, Eckardt KU, Rajewsky N, Enghard P. Urinary single-cell sequencing captures kidney injury and repair processes in human acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1359-1370. [PMID: 36049643 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health issue, the outcome of which depends primarily on damage and reparative processes of tubular epithelial cells. Mechanisms underlying AKI remain incompletely understood, specific therapies are lacking and monitoring the course of AKI in clinical routine is confined to measuring urine output and plasma levels of filtration markers. Here we demonstrate feasibility and potential of a novel approach to assess the cellular and molecular dynamics of AKI by establishing a robust urine-to-single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) pipeline for excreted kidney cells via flow cytometry sorting. We analyzed 42,608 single cell transcriptomes of 40 urine samples from 32 patients with AKI and compared our data with reference material from human AKI post-mortem biopsies and published mouse data. We demonstrate that tubular epithelial cells transcriptomes mirror kidney pathology and reflect distinct injury and repair processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue rearrangement. We also describe an AKI-specific abundant urinary excretion of adaptive progenitor-like cells. Thus, single cell transcriptomics of kidney cells excreted in urine provides noninvasive, unprecedented insight into cellular processes underlying AKI, thereby opening novel opportunities for target identification, AKI sub-categorization, and monitoring of natural disease course and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Klocke
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M Skopnik
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Hinze
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anastasiya Boltengagen
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Metzke
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emil Grothgar
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luka Prskalo
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Wagner
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Freund
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Görlich
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frédéric Muench
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai M Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Kocks
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
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Rong YT, Zhu YC, Wu Y. A novel nomogram predicting cancer-specific survival in small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastasis. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 11:4289-4302. [PMID: 36644187 PMCID: PMC9834596 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Brain metastasis (BM) is one of the most common metastatic sites in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and the prognosis remains very poor. This study aimed to establish a novel nomogram for predicting the cancer-specific survival (CSS) in SCLC patients with BM. Methods SCLC patients with BM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors, which were further used to construct the prognostic nomogram. The discrimination and calibration of nomogram were evaluated by concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under ROC curve (AUC) and calibration plot. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical usefulness. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was applied to analyze the survival outcome. Results A total of 2,462 patients were enrolled in this study, and randomly assigned into training cohort (n=1,723) and validation cohort (n=739). Age, N stage, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, bone metastasis, liver metastasis and lung metastasis were identified as independent prognostic factors of CSS. The C-indexes of nomogram was 0.683 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.667-0.699] in the training cohort, and 0.659 (95% CI: 0.634-0.684) in the validation cohort. The AUC values of 6-, 9- and 12-month CSS were 0.723, 0.742 and 0.737 respectively in the training cohort, while 0.715, 0.737 and 0.739 in the validation cohort. The ROC, calibration and DCA curves showed good discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability of this nomogram in predicting prognosis. Moreover, patients in high-risk group had a worse survival outcome than patients in medium-risk and low-risk groups. Conclusions A novel nomogram was constructed and validated for predicting individual prognosis in SCLC patients with BM. This nomogram could help clinicians make effective treatment strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Rong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ying-Chun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Zhang Q, Jin S, Zou X. scAB detects multiresolution cell states with clinical significance by integrating single-cell genomics and bulk sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:12112-12130. [PMID: 36440766 PMCID: PMC9757078 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although single-cell sequencing has provided a powerful tool to deconvolute cellular heterogeneity of diseases like cancer, extrapolating clinical significance or identifying clinically-relevant cells remains challenging. Here, we propose a novel computational method scAB, which integrates single-cell genomics data with clinically annotated bulk sequencing data via a knowledge- and graph-guided matrix factorization model. Once combined, scAB provides a coarse- and fine-grain multiresolution perspective of phenotype-associated cell states and prognostic signatures previously not visible by single-cell genomics. We use scAB to enhance live cancer single-cell RNA-seq data, identifying clinically-relevant previously unrecognized cancer and stromal cell subsets whose signatures show a stronger poor-survival association. The identified fine-grain cell subsets are associated with distinct cancer hallmarks and prognosis power. Furthermore, scAB demonstrates its utility as a biomarker identification tool, with the ability to predict immunotherapy, drug responses and survival when applied to melanoma single-cell RNA-seq datasets and glioma single-cell ATAC-seq datasets. Across multiple single-cell and bulk datasets from different cancer types, we also demonstrate the superior performance of scAB in generating prognosis signatures and survival predictions over existing models. Overall, scAB provides an efficient tool for prioritizing clinically-relevant cell subsets and predictive signatures, utilizing large publicly available databases to improve prognosis and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinran Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Computational Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Suoqin Jin
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 027 68752957; Fax: +86 027 68752256;
| | - Xiufen Zou
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Xiufen Zou. Tel: +86 027 68752957; Fax: +86 027 68752256;
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Pulmonary cancers across different histotypes share hybrid tuft cell/ionocyte-like molecular features and potentially druggable vulnerabilities. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:979. [PMID: 36402755 PMCID: PMC9675833 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuft cells are chemosensory epithelial cells in the respiratory tract and several other organs. Recent studies revealed tuft cell-like gene expression signatures in some pulmonary adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas (SQCC), small cell carcinomas (SCLC), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC). Identification of their similarities could inform shared druggable vulnerabilities. Clinicopathological features of tuft cell-like (tcl) subsets in various lung cancer histotypes were studied in two independent tumor cohorts using immunohistochemistry (n = 674 and 70). Findings were confirmed, and additional characteristics were explored using public datasets (RNA seq and immunohistochemical data) (n = 555). Drug susceptibilities of tuft cell-like SCLC cell lines were also investigated. By immunohistochemistry, 10-20% of SCLC and LCNEC, and approximately 2% of SQCC expressed POU2F3, the master regulator of tuft cells. These tuft cell-like tumors exhibited "lineage ambiguity" as they co-expressed NCAM1, a marker for neuroendocrine differentiation, and KRT5, a marker for squamous differentiation. In addition, tuft cell-like tumors co-expressed BCL2 and KIT, and tuft cell-like SCLC and LCNEC, but not SQCC, also highly expressed MYC. Data from public datasets confirmed these features and revealed that tuft cell-like SCLC and LCNEC co-clustered on hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, only tuft cell-like subsets among pulmonary cancers significantly expressed FOXI1, the master regulator of ionocytes, suggesting their bidirectional but immature differentiation status. Clinically, tuft cell-like SCLC and LCNEC had a similar prognosis. Experimentally, tuft cell-like SCLC cell lines were susceptible to PARP and BCL2 co-inhibition, indicating synergistic effects. Taken together, pulmonary tuft cell-like cancers maintain histotype-related clinicopathologic characteristics despite overlapping unique molecular features. From a therapeutic perspective, identification of tuft cell-like LCNECs might be crucial given their close kinship with tuft cell-like SCLC.
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Hsieh WC, Budiarto BR, Wang YF, Lin CY, Gwo MC, So DK, Tzeng YS, Chen SY. Spatial multi-omics analyses of the tumor immune microenvironment. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:96. [DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the past decade, single-cell technologies have revealed the heterogeneity of the tumor-immune microenvironment at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels and have furthered our understanding of the mechanisms of tumor development. Single-cell technologies have also been used to identify potential biomarkers. However, spatial information about the tumor-immune microenvironment such as cell locations and cell–cell interactomes is lost in these approaches. Recently, spatial multi-omics technologies have been used to study transcriptomes, proteomes, and metabolomes of tumor-immune microenvironments in several types of cancer, and the data obtained from these methods has been combined with immunohistochemistry and multiparameter analysis to yield markers of cancer progression. Here, we review numerous cutting-edge spatial ‘omics techniques, their application to study of the tumor-immune microenvironment, and remaining technical challenges.
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125
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Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in the tumor microenvironment: Perspectives for immunotherapy of SCLC. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:273-285. [PMID: 35288298 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive form of lung cancer characterized by dismal prognosis. Although SCLC may initially respond well to platinum-based chemotherapy, it ultimately relapses and is almost universally resistant to this treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved as the first- and third-line therapeutic regimens for extensive-stage or relapsed SCLC, respectively. Despite this, only a minority of patients with SCLC respond to ICIs partly due to a lack of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Transforming the immune "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors that are more likely to respond to ICIs is the main challenge for SCLC therapy. Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis represent the newly discovered immunogenic cell death (ICD) forms. Promoting ICD may alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the influx of TILs, and combination of their inducers and ICIs plays a synergistical role in enhancing antitumor effects. Nevertheless, the combination of the above two modalities has not been systematically discussed in SCLC therapy. In the present review, we summarize the roles of distinct ICD mechanisms on antitumor immunity and recent advances of ferroptosis-, necroptosis- and pyroptosis-inducing agents, and present perspectives on these cell death mechanisms in immunotherapy of SCLC.
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Nishiga Y, Drainas AP, Baron M, Bhattacharya D, Barkal AA, Ahrari Y, Mancusi R, Ross JB, Takahashi N, Thomas A, Diehn M, Weissman IL, Graves EE, Sage J. Radiotherapy in combination with CD47 blockade elicits a macrophage-mediated abscopal effect. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1351-1366. [PMID: 36411318 PMCID: PMC9701141 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00456-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment but does not always lead to complete tumor regression. Here we combine radiotherapy with blockade of the 'don't-eat-me' cell-surface molecule CD47 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a highly metastatic form of lung cancer. CD47 blockade potently enhances the local antitumor effects of radiotherapy in preclinical models of SCLC. Notably, CD47 blockade also stimulates off-target 'abscopal' effects inhibiting non-irradiated SCLC tumors in mice receiving radiation. These abscopal effects are independent of T cells but require macrophages that migrate into non-irradiated tumor sites in response to inflammatory signals produced by radiation and are locally activated by CD47 blockade to phagocytose cancer cells. Similar abscopal antitumor effects were observed in other cancer models treated with radiation and CD47 blockade. The systemic activation of antitumor macrophages following radiotherapy and CD47 blockade may be particularly important in patients with cancer who suffer from metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Nishiga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexandros P Drainas
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maya Baron
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Debadrita Bhattacharya
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amira A Barkal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yasaman Ahrari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Mancusi
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason B Ross
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maximilian Diehn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edward E Graves
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Yamada Y, Bohnenberger H, Kriegsmann M, Kriegsmann K, Sinn P, Goto N, Nakanishi Y, Seno H, Chigusa Y, Fujimoto M, Minamiguchi S, Haga H, Simon R, Sauter G, Ströbel P, Marx A. Tuft cell-like carcinomas: novel cancer subsets present in multiple organs sharing a unique gene expression signature. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1876-1885. [PMID: 35999270 PMCID: PMC9643388 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuft cells are chemosensory epithelial cells playing a role in innate immunity. Recent studies revealed cancers with a tuft cell-like gene expression signature in the thorax. We wondered whether this signature might also occur in extrathoracic cancers. METHODS We examined mRNA expression of tuft cell markers (POU2F3, GFI1B, TRPM5, SOX9, CHAT, and AVIL) in 19 different types of cancers in multiple extrathoracic organs with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (N = 6322). Four different extrathoracic cancers in our local archives (N = 909) were analysed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Twenty-two (0.35%) extrathoracic tumours with co-expression of POU2F3 and other tuft cell markers were identified in various TCGA datasets. Twelve of the 22 "tuft cell-like tumours" shared poor differentiation and a gene expression pattern, including KIT, anti-apoptotic BCL2, and ionocyte-associated genes. In our archival cases, eleven (1.21%) tumours co-expressing POU2F3, KIT, and BCL2 on immunohistochemistry, i.e., were presumable tuft cell-like cancers. In three among five TCGA cohorts, the tuft cell-like cancer subsets expressed SLFN11, a promising biomarker of PARP inhibitor susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS Tuft cell-like carcinomas form distinct subsets in cancers of many organs. It appears warranted to investigate their shared gene expression signature as a predictive biomarker for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamada
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hanibal Bohnenberger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Cancer Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norihiro Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Chigusa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Hironori Haga
- Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Liu Z, Li H, Dang Q, Weng S, Duo M, Lv J, Han X. Integrative insights and clinical applications of single-cell sequencing in cancer immunotherapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:577. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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129
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Luo H, Shan J, Zhang H, Song G, Li Q, Xu CX. Targeting the epigenetic processes to enhance antitumor immunity in small cell lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:960-970. [PMID: 35189321 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and modulation of chromatin states, drives aberrant transcription that promotes initiation and progression of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Accumulating evidence has proven crucial roles of epigenetic machinery in modulating immune cell functions and antitumor immune response. Epigenetics-targeting drugs such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and histone methyltransferase inhibitors involved in preclinical and clinical trials may trigger antitumor immunity. Herein, we summarize the impact of epigenetic processes on tumor immunogenicity and antitumor immune cell functions in SCLC. Furthermore, we review current clinical trials of epigenetic therapy against SCLC and the mechanisms of epigenetic inhibitors to boost antitumor immunity. Eventually, we discuss the opportunities of developing therapeutic regimens combining epigenetic agents with immunotherapy for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Luo
- College of Bioengineering, Key Lab of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Jinlu Shan
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China.
| | - Guanbin Song
- College of Bioengineering, Key Lab of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Qing Li
- College of Bioengineering, Key Lab of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Cheng-Xiong Xu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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130
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Barker CA, Riaz N. A macrophage-activated abscopal effect. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1282-1283. [PMID: 36411321 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Barker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Quintanal-Villalonga Á, Chan JM, Masilionis I, Gao VR, Xie Y, Allaj V, Chow A, Poirier JT, Pe'er D, Rudin CM, Mazutis L. Protocol to dissociate, process, and analyze the human lung tissue using single-cell RNA-seq. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101776. [PMID: 36313536 PMCID: PMC9597186 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a protocol for obtaining high-quality single-cell transcriptomics data from human lung biospecimens acquired from core needle biopsies, fine-needle aspirates, surgical resection, and pleural effusions. The protocol relies upon the brief mechanical and enzymatic disruption of tissue, enrichment of live cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). The protocol also details a procedure for analyzing the scRNA-seq data. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Chan et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Chan
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ignas Masilionis
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vianne Ran Gao
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yubin Xie
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viola Allaj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Chow
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linas Mazutis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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The spatial transcriptomic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5983. [PMID: 36216799 PMCID: PMC9551067 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases (BrMs) are a common occurrence in lung cancer with a dismal outcome. To understand the mechanism of metastasis to inform prognosis and treatment, here we analyze primary and metastasized tumor specimens from 44 non-small cell lung cancer patients by spatial RNA sequencing, affording a whole transcriptome map of metastasis resolved with morphological markers for the tumor core, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and tumor brain microenvironment (TBME). Our data indicate that the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the brain, including the TIME and TBME, undergoes extensive remodeling to create an immunosuppressive and fibrogenic niche for the BrMs. Specifically, the brain TME is characterized with reduced antigen presentation and B/T cell function, increased neutrophils and M2-type macrophages, immature microglia, and reactive astrocytes. Differential gene expression and network analysis identify fibrosis and immune regulation as the major functional modules disrupted in both the lung and brain TME. Besides providing systems-level insights into the mechanism of lung cancer brain metastasis, our study uncovers potential prognostic biomarkers and suggests that therapeutic strategies should be tailored to the immune and fibrosis status of the BrMs. Brain metastases (BrMs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are associated with dismal outcomes, and are possibly sustained by the brain microenvironment. Here, the authors analyse NSCLC BrMs using Digital Spatial Profiling and reveal fibrosis, immune suppression, and cell reprogramming in the BrM microenvironment.
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133
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Wang K, Zhang H, Li X, Ding Y, Li J, Wang Z, Liu X, Sun S, Sun D. Bibliometric analysis of global research trends on small-cell lung cancer (2012–2021). Front Oncol 2022; 12:955259. [PMID: 36276088 PMCID: PMC9583519 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.955259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant tumor with a poor prognosis. With the rise of SCLC research in the past decade, this study aims to analyze the foundation and frontiers of SCLC research through bibliometric analysis. Methods Relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection were retrieved on January 3, 2022. R package bibliometrix and EXCEL2019 were used to analyze quantitative variables. Bibliometric mapping was constructed by VOS viewer and CiteSpace software to visualize citation, co-authorship, co-occurrence, and co-citation analysis of countries/regions, organizations, authors, references, and keywords. Results A total of 2,361 publications related to SCLC were identified with the total amount of articles steadily increasing, where China is the most productive country with 859 papers. Scholars and organizations from the United States, China, and Europe are primary sources of this research, among which the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center made the most contribution to the field with 122 papers. Lung Cancer published the highest number of SCLC-related articles with a total of 121, while the Journal of Thoracic Oncology received the most citations totaling 3,098. Rudin, Charles M., and Sage, Julien are the most creative author. Leora, Horn, 2018, New Engl J Med and Rudin, Charles M., Nat Genet, 2012 can be categorized as classic literature owing to their high citations or strong sigma value. “Heterogeneity & Subtypes” and “Immunotherapy” may be the new frontiers in the SCLC domain. Conclusion Research on SCLC showed an upward trend based on the current global situation. Moreover, the current scope of collaboration in SCLC research is chiefly regional, which should further focus on transnational cooperation in the future. More attention should be devoted to “Heterogeneity & Subtypes” and “Immunotherapy”, which will be the hotspots in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiuzhen Li
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zixiao Wang
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Daqiang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Daqiang Sun,
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Tian Y, Li Q, Yang Z, Zhang S, Xu J, Wang Z, Bai H, Duan J, Zheng B, Li W, Cui Y, Wang X, Wan R, Fei K, Zhong J, Gao S, He J, Gay CM, Zhang J, Wang J, Tang F. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals the tumor heterogeneity of small-cell lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:346. [PMID: 36195615 PMCID: PMC9532437 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive and lethal subtype of lung cancer, for which, better understandings of its biology are urgently needed. Single-cell sequencing technologies provide an opportunity to profile individual cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and investigate their roles in tumorigenic processes. Here, we performed high-precision single-cell transcriptomic analysis of ~5000 individual cells from primary tumors (PTs) and matched normal adjacent tissues (NATs) from 11 SCLC patients, including one patient with both PT and relapsed tumor (RT). The comparison revealed an immunosuppressive landscape of human SCLC. Malignant cells in SCLC tumors exhibited diverse states mainly related to the cell cycle, immune, and hypoxic properties. Our data also revealed the intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) of key transcription factors (TFs) in SCLC and related gene expression patterns and functions. The non-neuroendocrine (non-NE) tumors were correlated with increased inflammatory gene signatures and immune cell infiltrates in SCLC, which contributed to better responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. These findings indicate a significant heterogeneity of human SCLC, and intensive crosstalk between cancer cells and the TME at single-cell resolution, and thus, set the stage for a better understanding of the biology of SCLC as well as for developing new therapeutics for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlin Yang
- Department of Throacic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Throacic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueli Cui
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Throacic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kailun Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, China. .,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Targeting the untargetable: RB1-deficient tumours are vulnerable to Skp2 ubiquitin ligase inhibition. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:969-975. [PMID: 35752713 PMCID: PMC9470583 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins that regulate the cell cycle are accumulated and degraded in a coordinated manner during the transition from one cell cycle phase to the next. The rapid loss of a critical protein, for example, to allow the cell to move from G1/G0 to S phase, is often regulated by its ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Protein ubiquitination is mediated by a series of three ligases, of which the E3 ligases provide the specificity for a particular protein substrate. One such E3 ligase is SCFSkp1/Cks1, which has a substrate recruiting subunit called S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2). Skp2 regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, can act as an oncogene, and is overexpressed in human cancer. A primary target of Skp2 is the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 (CDKN1b) that regulates the cell cycle at several points. The RB1 tumour suppressor gene regulates Skp2 activity by two mechanisms: by controlling its mRNA expression, and by an effect on Skp2's enzymatic activity. For the latter, the RB1 protein (pRb) directly binds to the substrate-binding site on Skp2, preventing protein substrates from being ubiquitinated and degraded. Inactivating mutations in RB1 are common in human cancer, becoming more frequent in aggressive, metastatic, and drug-resistant tumours. Hence, RB1 mutation leads to the loss of pRb, an unrestrained increase in Skp2 activity, the unregulated decrease in p27, and the loss of cell cycle control. Because RB1 mutations lead to the loss of a functional protein, its direct targeting is not possible. This perspective will discuss evidence validating Skp2 as a therapeutic target in RB1-deficient cancer.
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136
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Pitter KL, Grbovic-Huezo O, Joost S, Singhal A, Blum M, Wu K, Holm M, Ferrena A, Bhutkar A, Hudson A, Lecomte N, de Stanchina E, Chaligne R, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Pe’er D, Tammela T. Systematic Comparison of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Models Identifies a Conserved Highly Plastic Basal Cell State. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3549-3560. [PMID: 35952360 PMCID: PMC9532381 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity and cellular plasticity have emerged as hallmarks of cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As PDAC portends a dire prognosis, a better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning cellular diversity in PDAC is crucial. Here, we investigated the cellular heterogeneity of PDAC cancer cells across a range of in vitro and in vivo growth conditions using single-cell genomics. Heterogeneity contracted significantly in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture models but was restored upon orthotopic transplantation. Orthotopic transplants reproducibly acquired cell states identified in autochthonous PDAC tumors, including a basal state exhibiting coexpression and coaccessibility of epithelial and mesenchymal genes. Lineage tracing combined with single-cell transcriptomics revealed that basal cells display high plasticity in situ. This work defines the impact of cellular growth conditions on phenotypic diversity and uncovers a highly plastic cell state with the capacity to facilitate state transitions and promote intratumoral heterogeneity in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE This work provides important insights into how different model systems of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma mold the phenotypic space of cancer cells, highlighting the power of in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth L. Pitter
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Current address: Department of Radiation Oncology, OSUCCC and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Olivera Grbovic-Huezo
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Simon Joost
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Anupriya Singhal
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Melissa Blum
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Katherine Wu
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Matilda Holm
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Alexander Ferrena
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Arjun Bhutkar
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, MA
| | - Anna Hudson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Nicolas Lecomte
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065
| | - Ronan Chaligne
- The Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dana Pe’er
- The Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, NY 10065; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Tuomas Tammela
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
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137
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Yang K, Yang T, Yang T, Yuan Y, Li F. Unraveling tumor microenvironment heterogeneity in malignant pleural mesothelioma identifies biologically distinct immune subtypes enabling prognosis determination. Front Oncol 2022; 12:995651. [PMID: 36237331 PMCID: PMC9552848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.995651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and intractable disease exhibiting a remarkable intratumoral heterogeneity and dismal prognosis. Although immunotherapy has reshaped the therapeutic strategies for MPM, patients react with discrepant responsiveness. Methods Herein, we recruited 333 MPM patients from 5 various cohorts and developed an in-silico classification system using unsupervised Non-negative Matrix Factorization and Nearest Template Prediction algorithms. The genomic alterations, immune signatures, and patient outcomes were systemically analyzed across the external TCGA-MESO samples. Machine learning-based integrated methodology was applied to identify a gene classifier for clinical application. Results The gene expression profiling-based classification algorithm identified immune-related subtypes for MPMs. In comparison with the non-immune subtype, we validated the existence of abundant immunocytes in the immune subtype. Immune-suppressed MPMs were enriched with stroma fraction, myeloid components, and immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) as well exhibited increased TGF-β signature that informs worse clinical outcomes and reduced efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment. The immune-activated MPMs harbored the highest lymphocyte infiltration, growing TCR and BCR diversity, and presented the pan-cancer immune phenotype of IFN-γ dominant, which confers these tumors with better drug response when undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Genetically, BAP1 mutation was most commonly found in patients of immune-activated MPMs and was associated with a favorable outcome in a subtype-specific pattern. Finally, a robust 12-gene classifier was generated to classify MPMs with high accuracy, holding promise value in predicting patient survival. Conclusions We demonstrate that the novel classification system can be exploited to guide the identification of diverse immune subtypes, providing critical biological insights into the mechanisms driving tumor heterogeneity and responsible for cancer-related patient prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
- *Correspondence: Kaidi Yang, ; Fang Li,
| | - Tongxin Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
- *Correspondence: Kaidi Yang, ; Fang Li,
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138
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Groves SM, Ildefonso GV, McAtee CO, Ozawa PMM, Ireland AS, Stauffer PE, Wasdin PT, Huang X, Qiao Y, Lim JS, Bader J, Liu Q, Simmons AJ, Lau KS, Iams WT, Hardin DP, Saff EB, Holmes WR, Tyson DR, Lovly CM, Rathmell JC, Marth G, Sage J, Oliver TG, Weaver AM, Quaranta V. Archetype tasks link intratumoral heterogeneity to plasticity and cancer hallmarks in small cell lung cancer. Cell Syst 2022; 13:690-710.e17. [PMID: 35981544 PMCID: PMC9615940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors comprise heterogeneous mixtures of cell states, categorized into neuroendocrine (NE) and non-neuroendocrine (non-NE) transcriptional subtypes. NE to non-NE state transitions, fueled by plasticity, likely underlie adaptability to treatment and dismal survival rates. Here, we apply an archetypal analysis to model plasticity by recasting SCLC phenotypic heterogeneity through multi-task evolutionary theory. Cell line and tumor transcriptomics data fit well in a five-dimensional convex polytope whose vertices optimize tasks reminiscent of pulmonary NE cells, the SCLC normal counterparts. These tasks, supported by knowledge and experimental data, include proliferation, slithering, metabolism, secretion, and injury repair, reflecting cancer hallmarks. SCLC subtypes, either at the population or single-cell level, can be positioned in archetypal space by bulk or single-cell transcriptomics, respectively, and characterized as task specialists or multi-task generalists by the distance from archetype vertex signatures. In the archetype space, modeling single-cell plasticity as a Markovian process along an underlying state manifold indicates that task trade-offs, in response to microenvironmental perturbations or treatment, may drive cell plasticity. Stifling phenotypic transitions and plasticity may provide new targets for much-needed translational advances in SCLC. A record of this paper's Transparent Peer Review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Groves
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Geena V Ildefonso
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Caitlin O McAtee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Patricia M M Ozawa
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Philip E Stauffer
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Perry T Wasdin
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Huang
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yi Qiao
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jing Shan Lim
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jackie Bader
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Alan J Simmons
- Epithelial Biology Center and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Ken S Lau
- Epithelial Biology Center and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Wade T Iams
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Doug P Hardin
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Edward B Saff
- Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - William R Holmes
- Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Darren R Tyson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gabor Marth
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alissa M Weaver
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Chan JM, Zaidi S, Love JR, Zhao JL, Setty M, Wadosky KM, Gopalan A, Choo ZN, Persad S, Choi J, LaClair J, Lawrence KE, Chaudhary O, Xu T, Masilionis I, Linkov I, Wang S, Lee C, Barlas A, Morris MJ, Mazutis L, Chaligne R, Chen Y, Goodrich DW, Karthaus WR, Pe’er D, Sawyers CL. Lineage plasticity in prostate cancer depends on JAK/STAT inflammatory signaling. Science 2022; 377:1180-1191. [PMID: 35981096 PMCID: PMC9653178 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance in cancer is often linked to changes in tumor cell state or lineage, but the molecular mechanisms driving this plasticity remain unclear. Using murine organoid and genetically engineered mouse models, we investigated the causes of lineage plasticity in prostate cancer and its relationship to antiandrogen resistance. We found that plasticity initiates in an epithelial population defined by mixed luminal-basal phenotype and that it depends on increased Janus kinase (JAK) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) activity. Organoid cultures from patients with castration-resistant disease harboring mixed-lineage cells reproduce the dependency observed in mice by up-regulating luminal gene expression upon JAK and FGFR inhibitor treatment. Single-cell analysis confirms the presence of mixed-lineage cells with increased JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) and FGFR signaling in a subset of patients with metastatic disease, with implications for stratifying patients for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Chan
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jillian R. Love
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Current address: Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Jimmy L. Zhao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Manu Setty
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Current address: Basic sciences division and translational data science IRC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer research center
| | - Kristine M. Wadosky
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zi-Ning Choo
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sitara Persad
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Justin LaClair
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kayla E Lawrence
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ojasvi Chaudhary
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tianhao Xu
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ignas Masilionis
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Irina Linkov
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shangqian Wang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cindy Lee
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Afsar Barlas
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael J. Morris
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Linas Mazutis
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ronan Chaligne
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David W. Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Wouter R. Karthaus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Current address: Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, 1015 Switzerland
| | - Dana Pe’er
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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140
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Carpentier J, Pavlyk I, Mukherjee U, Hall PE, Szlosarek PW. Arginine Deprivation in SCLC: Mechanisms and Perspectives for Therapy. LUNG CANCER (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2022; 13:53-66. [PMID: 36091646 PMCID: PMC9462517 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s335117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arginine deprivation has gained increasing traction as a novel and safe antimetabolite strategy for the treatment of several hard-to-treat cancers characterised by a critical dependency on arginine. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) displays marked arginine auxotrophy due to inactivation of the rate-limiting enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1), and as a consequence may be targeted with pegylated arginine deiminase or ADI-PEG20 (pegargiminase) and human recombinant pegylated arginases (rhArgPEG, BCT-100 and pegzilarginase). Although preclinical studies reveal that ASS1-deficient SCLC cell lines are highly sensitive to arginine-degrading enzymes, there is a clear disconnect with the clinic with minimal activity seen to date that may be due in part to patient selection. Recent studies have explored resistance mechanisms to arginine depletion focusing on tumor adaptation, such as ASS1 re-expression and autophagy, stromal cell inputs including macrophage infiltration, and tumor heterogeneity. Here, we explore how arginine deprivation may be combined strategically with novel agents to improve SCLC management by modulating resistance and increasing the efficacy of existing agents. Moreover, recent work has identified an intriguing role for targeting arginine in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors and clinical trials are in progress. Thus, future studies of arginine-depleting agents with chemoimmunotherapy, the current standard of care for SCLC, may lead to enhanced disease control and much needed improvements in long-term survival for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joséphine Carpentier
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Iuliia Pavlyk
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Uma Mukherjee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Peter E Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Peter W Szlosarek
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, EC1A 7BE, UK
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141
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Fushimi A, Morimoto Y, Ishikawa S, Yamashita N, Bhattacharya A, Daimon T, Rajabi H, Jin C, Hagiwara M, Yasumizu Y, Luan Z, Suo W, Wong KK, Withers H, Liu S, Long MD, Kufe D. Dependence on the MUC1-C Oncoprotein in Classic, Variant, and Non-neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1379-1390. [PMID: 35612556 PMCID: PMC9437561 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant malignancy defined by subtypes on the basis of differential expression of the ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3 transcription factors. The MUC1-C protein is activated in pulmonary epithelial cells by exposure to environmental carcinogens and promotes oncogenesis; however, there is no known association between MUC1-C and SCLC. We report that MUC1-C is expressed in classic neuroendocrine (NE) SCLC-A, variant NE SCLC-N and non-NE SCLC-P cells and activates the MYC pathway in these subtypes. In SCLC cells characterized by NE differentiation and DNA replication stress, we show that MUC1-C activates the MYC pathway in association with induction of E2F target genes and dysregulation of mitotic progression. Our studies further demonstrate that the MUC1-C→MYC pathway is necessary for induction of (i) NOTCH2, a marker of pulmonary NE stem cells that are the proposed cell of SCLC origin, and (ii) ASCL1 and NEUROD1. We also show that the MUC1-C→MYC→NOTCH2 network is necessary for self-renewal capacity and tumorigenicity of NE and non-NE SCLC cells. Analyses of datasets from SCLC tumors confirmed that MUC1 expression in single SCLC cells significantly associates with activation of the MYC pathway. These findings demonstrate that SCLC cells are addicted to MUC1-C and identify a potential new target for SCLC treatment. IMPLICATIONS This work uncovers addiction of SCLC cells to MUC1-C, which is a druggable target that could provide new opportunities for advancing SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masayuki Hagiwara
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yota Yasumizu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhou Luan
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wenhao Suo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Henry Withers
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.,Corresponding Authors: Donald Kufe, Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: ; and Mark D. Long, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carlton & Elm Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263. E-mail:
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Corresponding Authors: Donald Kufe, Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: ; and Mark D. Long, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carlton & Elm Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263. E-mail:
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142
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Szeitz B, Megyesfalvi Z, Woldmar N, Valkó Z, Schwendenwein A, Bárány N, Paku S, László V, Kiss H, Bugyik E, Lang C, Szász AM, Pizzatti L, Bogos K, Hoda MA, Hoetzenecker K, Marko-Varga G, Horvatovich P, Döme B, Schelch K, Rezeli M. In-depth proteomic analysis reveals unique subtype-specific signatures in human small-cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1060. [PMID: 36149789 PMCID: PMC9506422 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) molecular subtypes have been primarily characterized based on the expression pattern of the following key transcription regulators: ASCL1 (SCLC‐A), NEUROD1 (SCLC‐N), POU2F3 (SCLC‐P) and YAP1 (SCLC‐Y). Here, we investigated the proteomic landscape of these molecular subsets with the aim to identify novel subtype‐specific proteins of diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. Methods Pellets and cell media of 26 human SCLC cell lines were subjected to label‐free shotgun proteomics for large‐scale protein identification and quantitation, followed by in‐depth bioinformatic analyses. Proteomic data were correlated with the cell lines’ phenotypic characteristics and with public transcriptomic data of SCLC cell lines and tissues. Results Our quantitative proteomic data highlighted that four molecular subtypes are clearly distinguishable at the protein level. The cell lines exhibited diverse neuroendocrine and epithelial–mesenchymal characteristics that varied by subtype. A total of 367 proteins were identified in the cell pellet and 34 in the culture media that showed significant up‐ or downregulation in one subtype, including known druggable proteins and potential blood‐based markers. Pathway enrichment analysis and parallel investigation of transcriptomics from SCLC cell lines outlined unique signatures for each subtype, such as upregulated oxidative phosphorylation in SCLC‐A, DNA replication in SCLC‐N, neurotrophin signalling in SCLC‐P and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in SCLC‐Y. Importantly, we identified the YAP1‐driven subtype as the most distinct SCLC subgroup. Using sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis, we identified proteins that clearly distinguish four SCLC subtypes based on their expression pattern, including potential diagnostic markers for SCLC‐Y (e.g. GPX8, PKD2 and UFO). Conclusions We report for the first time, the protein expression differences among SCLC subtypes. By shedding light on potential subtype‐specific therapeutic vulnerabilities and diagnostic biomarkers, our results may contribute to a better understanding of SCLC biology and the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Szeitz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nicole Woldmar
- Division of Clinical Protein Science, & Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences (Lund) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Proteomics of Blood/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zsuzsanna Valkó
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nándor Bárány
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Paku
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória László
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Kiss
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Edina Bugyik
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Marcell Szász
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luciana Pizzatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Proteomics of Blood/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Krisztina Bogos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Division of Clinical Protein Science, & Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences (Lund) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Horvatovich
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Balázs Döme
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Schelch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melinda Rezeli
- Division of Clinical Protein Science, & Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences (Lund) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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143
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Torborg SR, Li Z, Chan JE, Tammela T. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of plasticity in cancer. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:735-746. [PMID: 35618573 PMCID: PMC9388572 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are plastic - they can assume a wide range of distinct phenotypes. Plasticity is integral to cancer initiation and progression, as well as to the emergence and maintenance of intratumoral heterogeneity. Furthermore, plastic cells can rapidly adapt to and evade therapy, which poses a challenge for effective cancer treatment. As such, targeting plasticity in cancer holds tremendous promise. Yet, the principles governing plasticity in cancer cells remain poorly understood. Here, we provide an overview of the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie plasticity in cancer and in other biological contexts, including development and regeneration. We propose a key role for high-plasticity cell states (HPCSs) as crucial nodes for cell state transitions and enablers of intra-tumoral heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R Torborg
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zhuxuan Li
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jason E Chan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Tuomas Tammela
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Corbett V, Hallenbeck P, Rychahou P, Chauhan A. Evolving role of seneca valley virus and its biomarker TEM8/ANTXR1 in cancer therapeutics. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:930207. [PMID: 36090051 PMCID: PMC9458967 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.930207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have made a significant inroad in cancer drug development. Numerous clinical trials are currently investigating oncolytic viruses both as single agents or in combination with various immunomodulators. Oncolytic viruses (OV) are an integral pillar of immuno-oncology and hold potential for not only delivering durable anti-tumor responses but also converting “cold” tumors to “hot” tumors. In this review we will discuss one such promising oncolytic virus called Seneca Valley Virus (SVV-001) and its therapeutic implications. SVV development has seen seismic evolution over the past decade and now boasts of being the only OV with a practically applicable biomarker for viral tropism. We discuss relevant preclinical and clinical data involving SVV and how bio-selecting for TEM8/ANTXR1, a negative tumor prognosticator can lead to first of its kind biomarker driven oncolytic viral cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Corbett
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Piotr Rychahou
- Department of Surgery, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Aman Chauhan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- *Correspondence: Aman Chauhan,
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Ma J, Tian Y, Hao S, Zheng L, Hu W, Zhai X, Meng D, Zhu H. Outcomes of first-line anti-PD-L1 blockades combined with brain radiotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer with brain metastasis. J Neurooncol 2022; 159:685-693. [PMID: 35976547 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (Anti-PD-L1) blockades have become the first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) from CASPIAN and IMpower133 trials. SCLC has a high incidence of brain metastasis (BM) and brain radiotherapy (BRT) is the main local treatment method, but there is limited data on the BRT-immunotherapy scheme. The aim of the retrospective study is to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of the first-line anti-PD-L1 blockades combined with BRT in ES-SCLC with BM. METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed ES-SCLC with baseline BMs at Shandong Cancer Hospital and Research Institute between 2017 and 2021 were selected. Patients were divided into the anti-PD-L1+BRT group and BRT group. We also assessed the leukoencephalopathy in both groups. RESULTS A total of 46 patients were selected. Fifteen were divided into anti-PD-L1+BRT group and 31 to BRT group. The median overall survival (OS) was not reached (NR) vs 15.9 m (P = 0.172). Progression-free survival (PFS) was numerically prolonged with anti-PD-L1 blockades, but the significance was not reached (median: 9.4 m vs 7.4 m, P = 0.362). The median intracranial PFS was not improved, neither (median: 8.2 m vs 8.9 m, P = 0.620). Objective response rate (ORR) in the two groups was 73.33% vs 77.42% (P = 0.949) and disease control rate (DCR) was both 100%. Intracranial ORR and DCR were 53.33% vs 70.97% (P = 0.239) and 73.33% vs 80.65% (P = 0.855), respectively. There was no significant difference in leukoencephalopathy incidence between the two groups. CONCLUSION The combination of first-line anti-PD-L1 blockades with BRT did not confer a significant survival benefit in ES-SCLC with BM, without enhancing cranial neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Leling, Leling, China
| | - Yaru Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shaoyu Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Liangjie Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Leling, Leling, China
| | - Weibo Hu
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Leling, Leling, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dongfang Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, China.
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146
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Keogh A, Finn S, Radonic T. Emerging Biomarkers and the Changing Landscape of Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153772. [PMID: 35954436 PMCID: PMC9367597 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive cancer representing 15% of all lung cancers. Unlike other types of lung cancer, treatments for SCLC have changed very little in the past 20 years and therefore, the survival rate remains low. This is due, in part, to the lack of understanding of the biological basis of this disease and the previous idea that all SCLCs are the same. Multiple recent studies have identified that SCLCs have varying biological activity and can be divided into four different groups. The advantage of this is that each of these four groups responds differently to new treatments, which hopefully will dramatically improve survival. Additionally, the aim of these new treatments is to specifically target these biological differences in SCLC so normal/non cancer cells are unaffected, leading to decreased side effects and a better quality of life. There is still a lot unknown about SCLC, but these new findings offer a glimmer of hope for patients in the future. Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine malignancy with an aggressive behavior and dismal prognosis. 5-year overall survival remains a disappointing 7%. Genomically, SCLCs are homogeneous compared to non-small cell lung cancers and are characterized almost always by functional inactivation of RB1 and TP53 with no actionable mutations. Additionally, SCLCs histologically appear uniform. Thus, SCLCs are currently managed as a single disease with platinum-based chemotherapy remaining the cornerstone of treatment. Recent studies have identified expression of dominant transcriptional signatures which may permit classification of SCLCs into four biologically distinct subtypes, namely, SCLC-A, SCLC-N, SCLC-P, and SCLC-I. These groups are readily detectable by immunohistochemistry and also have potential predictive utility for emerging therapies, including PARPi, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and DLL3 targeted therapies. In contrast with their histology, studies have identified that SCLCs display both inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Identification of subpopulations of cells with high expression of PLCG2 has been linked with risk of metastasis. SCLCs also display subtype switching under therapy pressure which may contribute furthermore to metastatic ability and chemoresistance. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in the understanding of the biology of SCLCs, and discuss the potential diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment opportunities the four proposed subtypes may present for the future. We also discuss the emerging evidence of tumor heterogeneity and plasticity in SCLCs which have been implicated in metastasis and acquired therapeutic resistance seen in these aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Keogh
- Department of Histopathology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 HD53 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Stephen Finn
- Department of Histopathology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 HD53 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Teodora Radonic
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VUMC, University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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147
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Wang H, Lin Z, Nian Z, Zhang W, Liu W, Yan F, Xiao Z, Wang X, Zhang Z, Ma Z, Liu Z. Hematopoietic transcription factor GFI1 promotes anchorage independence by sustaining ERK activity in cancer cells. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:149551. [PMID: 35819844 PMCID: PMC9433100 DOI: 10.1172/jci149551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The switch from anchorage-dependent to anchorage-independent growth is essential for epithelial metastasis. The underlying mechanism, however, is not fully understood. In this study, we identified growth factor independent-1 (GFI1), a transcription factor that drives the transition from adherent endothelial cells to suspended hematopoietic cells during hematopoiesis, as a critical regulator of anchorage independence in lung cancer cells. GFI1 elevated the numbers of circulating and lung-infiltrating tumor cells in xenograft models and predicted poor prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Mechanistically, GFI1 inhibited the expression of multiple adhesion molecules and facilitated substrate detachment. Concomitantly, GFI1 reconfigured the chromatin structure of the RASGRP2 gene and increased its expression, causing Rap1 activation and subsequent sustained ERK activation upon detachment, and this led to ERK signaling dependency in tumor cells. Our studies unveiled a mechanism by which carcinoma cells hijacked a hematopoietic factor to gain anchorage independence and suggested that the intervention of ERK signaling may suppress metastasis and improve the therapeutic outcome of patients with GFI1-positive lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenzhen Lin
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Nian
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenxu Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zengtuan Xiao
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenfa Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyi Ma
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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148
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Wang J, Lin W, Li R, Cheng H, Sun S, Shao F, Yang Y, Zhang L, Feng X, Gao S, Gao Y, He J. The Deubiquitinase USP13 Maintains Cancer Cell Stemness by Promoting FASN Stability in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899987. [PMID: 35898882 PMCID: PMC9309731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
USP13 is significantly amplified in over 20% of lung cancer patients and critical for tumor progression. However, the functional role of USP13 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the deubiquitinase USP13 is highly expressed in SCLC tumor samples and positively associated with poor prognosis in multiple cohorts. In vitro and in vivo depletion of USP13 inhibited SCLC cancer stem cells (CSCs) properties and tumorigenesis, and this inhibitory effect was rescued by reconstituted expression of wide type (WT) USP13 but not the enzyme-inactive USP13 mutant. Mechanistically, USP13 interacts with fatty acid synthase (FASN) and enhances FASN protein stability. FASN downregulation suppresses USP13-enhanced cell renewal regulator expression, sphere formation ability, and de novo fatty acids biogenesis. Accordingly, we found FASN expression is upregulated in surgical resected SCLC specimens, positively correlated with USP13, and associated with poor prognosis of SCLC patients. More importantly, the small molecule inhibitor of FASN, TVB-2640, significantly inhibits lipogenic phenotype and attenuates self-renewal ability, chemotherapy resistance and USP13-mediated tumorigenesis in SCLC. Thus, our study highlights a critical role of the USP13-FASN-lipogenesis axis in SCLC cancer stemness maintenance and tumor growth, and reveals a potential combination therapy for SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Renda Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sijin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shao
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yannan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Gao, ; Jie He,
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Gao, ; Jie He,
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Tan Y, Zhao L, Yang YG, Liu W. The Role of Osteopontin in Tumor Progression Through Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Front Oncol 2022; 12:953283. [PMID: 35898884 PMCID: PMC9309262 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.953283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional phosphorylated protein. It is widely involved in solid tumor progression, such as intensification of macrophage recruitment, inhibition of T-cell activity, aggravation of tumor interstitial fibrosis, promotion of tumor metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and angiogenesis. Most of these pathologies are affected by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs have been extensively characterized, including their subsets, phenotypes, activation status, and functions, and are considered a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review focuses on the interaction between OPN and TAMs in mediating tumor progression. We discuss the strategies for targeting OPN and TAMs to treat cancer and factors that may affect the therapeutic outcomes of blocking OPN or depleting TAMs. We also discuss the role of cancer cell- vs. TAM-derived OPN in tumorigenesis, the mechanisms of how OPN affects TAM recruitment and polarization, and why OPN could mediate anti-tumor and pro-tumor effects, as well as previously reported discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National–Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National–Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National–Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Guang Yang, ; Wentao Liu,
| | - Wentao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National–Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Guang Yang, ; Wentao Liu,
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Nguyen EM, Taniguchi H, Chan JM, Zhan YA, Chen X, Qiu J, de Stanchina E, Allaj V, Shah NS, Uddin F, Manoj P, Liu M, Cai SF, Levine R, Quintanal-Villalonga Á, Sen T, Chow A, Rudin CM. Targeting Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 Rescues Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Antigen Presentation and Overcomes Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Blockade Resistance in SCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022; 17:1014-1031. [PMID: 35691495 PMCID: PMC9357096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SCLC is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine tumor that is characterized by early acquired therapeutic resistance and modest benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Repression of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) represents a key mechanism driving resistance to T cell-based immunotherapies. METHODS We evaluated the role of the lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) as a determinant of MHC-I expression, functional antigen presentation, and immune activation in SCLC in vitro and in vivo through evaluation of both human SCLC cell lines and immunocompetent mouse models. RESULTS We found that targeted inhibition of LSD1 in SCLC restores MHC-I cell surface expression and transcriptionally activates genes encoding the antigen presentation pathway. LSD1 inhibition further activates interferon signaling, induces tumor-intrinsic immunogenicity, and sensitizes SCLC cells to MHC-I-restricted T cell cytolysis. Combination of LSD1 inhibitor with ICB augments the antitumor immune response in refractory SCLC models. Together, these data define a role for LSD1 as a potent regulator of MHC-I antigen presentation and provide rationale for combinatory use of LSD1 inhibitors with ICB to improve therapeutic response in SCLC. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic silencing of MHC-I in SCLC contributes to its poor response to ICB. Our study identifies a previously uncharacterized role for LSD1 as a regulator of MHC-I antigen presentation in SCLC. LSD1 inhibition enables MHC-I-restricted T cell cytolysis, induces immune activation, and augments the antitumor immune response to ICB in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn M Nguyen
- Cancer Biology Program, Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joseph M Chan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yingqian A Zhan
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Juan Qiu
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Viola Allaj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nisargbhai S Shah
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Fathema Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael Liu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sheng F Cai
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ross Levine
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew Chow
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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