101
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Hsieh HY, Jou YC, Tung CL, Tsai YS, Wang YH, Chi CL, Lin RI, Hung SK, Chuang YM, Wu SF, Li C, Shen CH, Chan MWY, Hsu CD. Epigenetic silencing of the dual-role signal mediator, ANGPTL4 in tumor tissues and its overexpression in the urothelial carcinoma microenvironment. Oncogene 2017; 37:673-686. [PMID: 29035390 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) carcinogenesis has been hypothesized to occur through epigenetic repression of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). By quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction array, we found that one potential TSG, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), was expressed at very low levels in all bladder cancer cell lines we examined. Previous studies had demonstrated that ANGPTL4 is highly expressed in some cancers, but downregulated, by DNA methylation, in others. Consequently, owing to these seemingly conflicting functions in distinct cancers, the precise role of ANGPTL4 in the etiology of UC remains unclear. In this study, using methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite pyrosequencing, we show that ANGPTL4 is transcriptionally repressed by DNA methylation in UC cell lines and primary tumor samples, as compared with adjacent noncancerous bladder epithelium. Functional studies further demonstrated that ectopic expression of ANGPTL4 potently suppressed UC cell proliferation, monolayer colony formation in vitro, and invasion, migration, and xenograft formation in vivo. Surprisingly, circulating ANGPTL4 was significantly higher in plasma samples from UC patients than normal control, suggesting it might be secreted from other cell types. Interestingly, our data also indicated that exogenous cANGPTL4 could promote cell proliferation and cell migration via activation of signaling through the Erk/focal adhesion kinase axis. We further confirmed that mouse xenograft tumor growth could be promoted by administration of exogenous cANGPTL4. Finally, immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ANGPTL4 was downregulated in tumor cells but overexpressed in tumor adjacent stromal tissues of muscle-invasive UC tissue samples. In conclusion, our data support dual roles for ANGPTL4 in UC progression, either as a tumor suppressor or oncogene, in response to microenvironmental context.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Fountain Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Jou
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - C-L Tung
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Y-S Tsai
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y-H Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - C-L Chi
- Department of Pathology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - R-I Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - S-K Hung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Y-M Chuang
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - S-F Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - C Li
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - C-H Shen
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - M W Y Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - C-D Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Fountain Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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102
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Baba K, Kitajima Y, Miyake S, Nakamura J, Wakiyama K, Sato H, Okuyama K, Kitagawa H, Tanaka T, Hiraki M, Yanagihara K, Noshiro H. Hypoxia-induced ANGPTL4 sustains tumour growth and anoikis resistance through different mechanisms in scirrhous gastric cancer cell lines. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11127. [PMID: 28894280 PMCID: PMC5594024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with scirrhous gastric cancer (SGC) frequently develop peritoneal dissemination, which leads to poor prognosis. The secreted protein angiopoietin-like-4 (ANGPTL4), which is induced by hypoxia, exerts diverse effects on cancer progression. Here, we aimed to determine the biological function of ANGPTL4 in SGC cells under hypoxia. ANGPTL4 levels were higher in SGC cells under hypoxia than in other types of gastric cancer cells. Hypoxia-induced ANGPTL4 mRNA expression was regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Under hypoxic conditions, monolayer cultures of ANGPTL4 knockdown (KD) 58As9 SGC (58As9-KD) cells were arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle through downregulation of c-Myc and upregulation of p27, in contrast to control 58As9-SC cells. Moreover, the ability of 58As9-KD xenografts to form tumours in nude mice was strongly suppressed. When 58As9-KD cells were cultured in suspension, hypoxia strongly increased their susceptibility to anoikis through suppression of the FAK/Src/PI3K-Akt/ERK pro-survival pathway, followed by activation of the apoptotic factors caspases-3, -8 and -9. The development of peritoneal dissemination by 58As9-KD cells was completely inhibited compared with that by 58As9-SC cells. In conclusion, ANGPTL4 is uniquely induced by hypoxia in cultured SGC cells and is essential for tumour growth and resistance to anoikis through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Baba
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kitajima
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan. .,Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Higashisaga Hospital, 7324, Ooaza Harakoga, Miyaki-cho, Miyaki-gun, Saga, 849-0101, Japan.
| | - Shuusuke Miyake
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Kota Wakiyama
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Okuyama
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hiraki
- Department of Surgery, Saga-ken Medical Centre Koseikan, 400, Ooaza Nakahara, Kase-machi, Saga-shi, Saga, 840-8571, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Translational Research, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Noshiro
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga-shi, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
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103
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Liu N, Cui C, Sun Y, Zhang F, Wang S, Su G, Cai X. Hydrogen peroxide promotes the expression of angiopoietin like 4 in RAW264.7 macrophages via MAPK pathways. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6128-6133. [PMID: 28849063 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies including some vivo experiments and large scale clinical trials have indicated that angiopoietin like 4 (ANGPTL4) is involved in atherosclerosis. However, the specific mechanism underlying the process remains unresolved. Similarly, cumulative evidence indicated that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. The current study investigated whether H2O2 treatment can affect ANGPTL4 release in macrophage cells cell viability assay, western blot analysis, ELISA and immunofluorescence. It was determined that treatment with 0.25 and 0.5 mM H2O2 resulted in a significant increase in ANGPTL4 protein expression in macrophage cells. Mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were implicated in the secretion of ANGPTL4 regulated by H2O2, and specific inhibitors of MAPK1 (also known as ERK) and p38 MAPK significantly decreased H2O2 induced ANGPTL4 protein expression. Accordingly, it was demonstrated that ANGPTL4 expression was regulated by H2O2 via ERK and p38 MAPK, but not the MAPK8 (also known as JNK) pathway. In view of the effects of H2O2 and ANGPTL4 on atherosclerosis, the influence of H2O2 on ANGPTL4 provided new insight into the mechanism of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Changxia Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong 277500, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Guohai Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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104
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McQueen AE, Kanamaluru D, Yan K, Gray NE, Wu L, Li ML, Chang A, Hasan A, Stifler D, Koliwad SK, Wang JC. The C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain of angiopoietin-like 4 stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis and promotes energy expenditure. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16122-16134. [PMID: 28842503 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.803973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Angptl4 (Angiopoietin-like 4) is a circulating protein secreted by white and brown adipose tissues and the liver. Structurally, Angptl4 contains an N-terminal coiled-coil domain (CCD) connected to a C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain (FLD) via a cleavable linker, and both full-length Angptl4 and its individual domains circulate in the bloodstream. Angptl4 inhibits extracellular lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and stimulates the lipolysis of triacylglycerol stored by adipocytes in the white adipose tissue (WAT). The former activity is furnished by the CCD, but the Angptl4 domain responsible for stimulating adipocyte lipolysis is unknown. We show here that the purified FLD of Angptl4 is sufficient to stimulate lipolysis in mouse primary adipocytes and that increasing circulating FLD levels in mice through adenovirus-mediated overexpression (Ad-FLD) not only induces WAT lipolysis in vivo but also reduces diet-induced obesity without affecting LPL activity. Intriguingly, reduced adiposity in Ad-FLD mice was associated with increased oxygen consumption, fat utilization, and the expression of thermogenic genes (Ucp1 and Ppargc1a) in subcutaneous WAT. Moreover, Ad-FLD mice exhibited increased glucose tolerance. Chronically enhancing WAT lipolysis could produce ectopic steatosis because of an overflow of lipids from the WAT to peripheral tissues; however, this did not occur when Ad-FLD mice were fed a high-fat diet. Rather, these mice had reductions in both circulating triacylglycerol levels and the mRNA levels of lipogenic genes in the liver and skeletal muscle. We conclude that separating the FLD from the CCD-mediated LPL-inhibitory activity of full-length Angptl4 reveals lipolytic and thermogenic properties with therapeutic relevance to obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison E McQueen
- From the Metabolic Biology Graduate Program and.,the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Deepthi Kanamaluru
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Kimberly Yan
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Nora E Gray
- From the Metabolic Biology Graduate Program and.,the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Leslie Wu
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Mei-Lan Li
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Anthony Chang
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | - Adeeba Hasan
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
| | | | - Suneil K Koliwad
- the Diabetes Center and .,the Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Jen-Chywan Wang
- From the Metabolic Biology Graduate Program and .,the Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 and
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105
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Redox regulation in tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition: molecular basis and therapeutic strategy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2017; 2:17036. [PMID: 29263924 PMCID: PMC5661624 DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized as a driving force of cancer cell metastasis and drug resistance, two leading causes of cancer recurrence and cancer-related death. It is, therefore, logical in cancer therapy to target the EMT switch to prevent such cancer metastasis and recurrence. Previous reports have indicated that growth factors (such as epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor) and cytokines (such as the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family) are major stimulators of EMT. However, the mechanisms underlying EMT initiation and progression remain unclear. Recently, emerging evidence has suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS), important cellular secondary messengers involved in diverse biological events in cancer cells, play essential roles in the EMT process in cancer cells by regulating extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cytoskeleton remodeling, cell–cell junctions, and cell mobility. Thus, targeting EMT by manipulating the intracellular redox status may hold promise for cancer therapy. Herein, we will address recent advances in redox biology involved in the EMT process in cancer cells, which will contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies by targeting redox-regulated EMT for cancer treatment.
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106
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Teo Z, Sng MK, Chan JSK, Lim MMK, Li Y, Li L, Phua T, Lee JYH, Tan ZW, Zhu P, Tan NS. Elevation of adenylate energy charge by angiopoietin-like 4 enhances epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inducing 14-3-3γ expression. Oncogene 2017; 36:6408-6419. [PMID: 28745316 PMCID: PMC5701092 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells acquire energy-intensive processes including increased invasiveness and chemoresistance. However, how the energy demand is met and the molecular drivers that coordinate an increase in cellular metabolic activity to drive epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), the first step of metastasis, remain unclear. Using different in vitro and in vivo EMT models with clinical patient’s samples, we showed that EMT is an energy-demanding process fueled by glucose metabolism-derived adenosine triphosphate (ATP). We identified angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) as a key player that coordinates an increase in cellular energy flux crucial for EMT via an ANGPTL4/14-3-3γ signaling axis. This augmented cellular metabolic activity enhanced metastasis. ANGPTL4 knockdown suppresses an adenylate energy charge elevation, delaying EMT. Using an in vivo dual-inducible EMT model, we found that ANGPTL4 deficiency reduces cancer metastasis to the lung and liver. Unbiased kinase inhibitor screens and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that ANGPTL4 regulates the expression of 14-3-3γ adaptor protein via the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways that culminate to activation of transcription factors, CREB, cFOS and STAT3. Using a different mode of action, as compared with protein kinases, the ANGPTL4/14-3-3γ signaling axis consolidated cellular bioenergetics and stabilized critical EMT proteins to coordinate energy demand and enhanced EMT competency and metastasis, through interaction with specific phosphorylation signals on target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - M K Sng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - J S K Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - M M K Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Y Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - L Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - T Phua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Y H Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Z W Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - P Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - N S Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, Singapore.,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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107
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ANGPTL4 T266M variant is associated with reduced cancer invasiveness. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28641978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is a secretory protein that can be cleaved to form an N-terminal and a C-terminal protein. Studies performed thus far have linked ANGPTL4 to several cancer-related and metabolic processes. Notably, several point mutations in the C-terminal ANGPTL4 (cANGPTL4) have been reported, although no studies have been performed that ascribed these mutations to cancer-related and metabolic processes. In this study, we compared the characteristics of tumors with and without wild-type (wt) cANGPTL4 and tumors with cANGPTL4 bearing the T266M mutation (T266M cANGPTL4). We found that T266M cANGPTL4 bound to integrin α5β1 with a reduced affinity compared to wt, leading to weaker activation of downstream signaling molecules. The mutant tumors exhibited impaired proliferation, anoikis resistance, and migratory capability and had reduced adenylate energy charge. Further investigations also revealed that cANGPTL4 regulated the expression of Glut2. These findings may explain the differences in the tumor characteristics and energy metabolism observed with the cANGPTL4 T266M mutation compared to tumors without the mutation.
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108
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Hata S, Nomura T, Iwasaki K, Sato R, Yamasaki M, Sato F, Mimata H. Hypoxia-induced angiopoietin-like protein 4 as a clinical biomarker and treatment target for human prostate cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:120-128. [PMID: 28560449 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is a multifunctional protein, playing roles in glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis. Recent research suggests that ANGPTL4 is induced by hypoxia and is a useful diagnostic or prognostic marker for various cancers. However, it remains unclear whether ANGPTL4 expression influences prostate cancer. Here we examined the biological and clinical relevance of ANGPTL4 expression in prostate cancer. Firstly we examined ANGPTL4 expression in the prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and LNCaP/CH incubated at 1% O2 for at least 6 months. We compared cellular proliferation, migration, and ANGPTL4 secretion in a culture medium between these cell lines. In addition, we investigated the effect of various concentrations of recombinant ANGPTL4 protein (rANGPTL4) on cellular proliferation and intracellular signaling pathways. Moreover, we used ANGPTL4 knockdown by RNA interference to investigate the influence of ANGPTL4 expression on these cell lines. Finally, we investigated the correlation between ANGPTL4 expression in prostate cancer specimens and clinicopathological parameters using immunohistochemistry. Our data suggested that the expression of ANGPTL4 in hypoxic conditions was 14.4-fold higher than that in normoxic condition. ANGPTL4 secretion in the culture medium increased 7.0-fold. In addition, rANGPTL4 increased cellular proliferation 1.72-fold via Akt activation. Moreover, ANGPTL4 knockdown decreased cell growth and its secretion by 25.7 and 41.4%, respectively, compared with the control. A multivariate analysis showed that positive ANGPTL4 expression in the resected specimens was an independent prognostic indicator of biochemical recurrence (P=0.03, hazard ratio = 2.02). Our results show that ANGPTL4 is induced by hypoxia and promotes cancer progression via the activated PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, ANGPTL4 can be used as a prognostic marker for prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinro Hata
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Takeo Nomura
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kazunori Iwasaki
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ryuta Sato
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mutsushi Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Mimata
- Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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109
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Das V, Kalyan G, Hazra S, Pal M. Understanding the role of structural integrity and differential expression of integrin profiling to identify potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:168-185. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology DivisionCSIR‐North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhat, AssamIndia
| | - Gazal Kalyan
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR)RoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
| | - Saugata Hazra
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR)RoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
- Centre for NanotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
| | - Mintu Pal
- Biological Sciences and Technology DivisionCSIR‐North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhat, AssamIndia
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110
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El-Shal AS, Zidan HE, Rashad NM, Wadea FM. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 expression 4 and their serum levels in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytokine 2017; 96:75-86. [PMID: 28371666 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th most common cancer and the 3rd leading cause of cancer causing death allover the world. The aim of this research to explore the clinical relevance of blood angiopoietin-like protein-3 (ANGPTL3) and ANGPTL4 expression and their proteins levels as non invasive biomarkers in cirrhotic and HCC patients and their influence on the clinicopathological features of HCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS This work comprised 200 patients with chronic hepatitis (120 cases complicated with cirrhosis, 80 patients with primary HCC) and 100 controls. circulating ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 expression was estimated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 protein levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The circulating ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL 4 expression was significantly elevated in HCC cases compared to chronic hepatitis patients and controls. There were much more serum ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 values in HCC and chronic hepatitis patients as compared to controls, but we couldn't detect this significance between chronic hepatitis and HCC cases as regards ANGPTL4. By Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis, an increased ANGPTL3 expression, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), serum ANGPTL 3 levels, Child-Pugh grade were significantly assosciatedassociated with increased risk of HCC. Logistic regression analysis revealed that ANGPTL 3 expression and AFP levels were the only pridectorspredictors of HCC (odd's ratio (OR)=8.9; 8.6 respectively, P=0.003). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) demonsterated that serum ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 levels were usufuluseful biomarkers discriminating chronic hepatitis cases from controls (AUC=0.820,0.887, respectively P<0.001). However, they fail to discriminate HCC patients from chronic hepatitis patients (P=0.27,0.12 respectively). Moreover, ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL 4 expression were promising biomarkers discriminating chronic hepatitis cases from controls and those HCC cases from chronic hepatitis patients (P<0.001). Combined ANGPTL3 expression and serum level wasn't useful in discriminating HCC patient from chronic hepatitis (P=0.09). In contrast, combined ANGPTL4 expression and serum level was an useful biomarker discriminating HCC cases from chronic hepatitis. CONCLUSION ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL 4 expression and serum levels can be promising non invasive biomarkers in diagnosis of chronic hepatitis and HCC especially their expression could be useful in discriminating HCC from chronic hepatitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal S El-Shal
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Haidy E Zidan
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nearmeen M Rashad
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fady M Wadea
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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111
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Phua T, Sng MK, Tan EHP, Chee DSL, Li Y, Wee JWK, Teo Z, Chan JSK, Lim MMK, Tan CK, Zhu P, Arulampalam V, Tan NS. Angiopoietin-like 4 Mediates Colonic Inflammation by Regulating Chemokine Transcript Stability via Tristetraprolin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44351. [PMID: 28287161 PMCID: PMC5347094 DOI: 10.1038/srep44351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many gastrointestinal diseases exhibit a protracted and aggravated inflammatory response that can lead to hypercytokinaemia, culminating in extensive tissue damage. Recently, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) has been implicated in many inflammation-associated diseases. However, how ANGPTL4 regulates colonic inflammation remains unclear. Herein, we show that ANGPTL4 deficiency in mice (ANGPTL4−/−) exacerbated colonic inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) or stearic acid. Microbiota was similar between the two genotypes prior DSS challenge. A microarray gene expression profile of the colon from DSS-treated ANGPTL4−/− mice was enriched for genes involved in leukocyte migration and infiltration, and showed a close association to inflamed ulcerative colitis (UC), whereas the profile from ANGPTL4+/+ littermates resembled that of non-inflamed UC biopsies. Bone marrow transplantation demonstrates the intrinsic role of colonic ANGPTL4 in regulating leukocyte infiltration during DSS-induced inflammation. Using immortalized human colon epithelial cells, we revealed that the ANGPTL4-mediated upregulation of tristetraprolin expression operates through CREB and NF-κB transcription factors, which in turn, regulates the stability of chemokines. Together, our findings suggest that ANGPTL4 protects against acute colonic inflammation and that its absence exacerbates the severity of inflammation. Our findings emphasize the importance of ANGPTL4 as a novel target for therapy in regulating and attenuating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri Phua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 16, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Ming Keat Sng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Eddie Han Pin Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Dickson Shao Liang Chee
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yinliang Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Wei Kiat Wee
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ziqiang Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Soon Kiat Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Maegan Miang Kee Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Chek Kun Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Pengcheng Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Velmurugesan Arulampalam
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 16, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Agency for Science Technology &Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 229899, Singapore
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112
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Chan JSK, Tan MJ, Sng MK, Teo Z, Phua T, Choo CC, Li L, Zhu P, Tan NS. Cancer-associated fibroblasts enact field cancerization by promoting extratumoral oxidative stress. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2562. [PMID: 28102840 PMCID: PMC5386391 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histological inspection of visually normal tissue adjacent to neoplastic lesions often reveals multiple foci of cellular abnormalities. This suggests the presence of a regional carcinogenic signal that spreads oncogenic transformation and field cancerization. We observed an abundance of mutagenic reactive oxygen species in the stroma of cryosectioned patient tumor biopsies, indicative of extratumoral oxidative stress. Diffusible hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was elevated in the conditioned medium of cultured skin epithelia at various stages of oncogenic transformation, and H2O2 production increased with greater tumor-forming and metastatic capacity of the studied cell lines. Explanted cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) also had higher levels of H2O2 secretion compared with normal fibroblasts (FIBs). These results suggest that extracellular H2O2 acts as a field effect carcinogen. Indeed, H2O2-treated keratinocytes displayed decreased phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and increased Src activities because of oxidative modification. Furthermore, treating FIBs with CAF-conditioned medium or exogenous H2O2 resulted in the acquisition of an oxidative, CAF-like state. In vivo, the proliferative potential and invasiveness of composite tumor xenografts comprising cancerous or non-tumor-forming epithelia with CAFs and FIBs could be attenuated by the presence of catalase. Importantly, we showed that oxidatively transformed FIBs isolated from composite tumor xenografts retained their ability to promote tumor growth and aggressiveness when adoptively transferred into new xenografts. Higher H2O2 production by CAFs was contingent on impaired TGFβ signaling leading to the suppression of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). Finally, we detected a reduction in Smad3, TAK1 and TGFβRII expression in a cohort of 197 clinical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) CAFs, suggesting that impaired stromal TGFβ signaling may be a clinical feature of SCC. Our study indicated that CAFs and cancer cells engage redox signaling circuitries and mitogenic signaling to reinforce their reciprocal relationship, suggesting that future anticancer approaches should simultaneously target ligand receptor and redox-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Soon Kiat Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Ming Jie Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Ming Keat Sng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Ziqiang Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Terri Phua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobelsväg 16, StockholmSweden
| | - Chee Chong Choo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Liang Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Pengcheng Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore.,KK Women's and Children Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore
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113
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La Paglia L, Listì A, Caruso S, Amodeo V, Passiglia F, Bazan V, Fanale D. Potential Role of ANGPTL4 in the Cross Talk between Metabolism and Cancer through PPAR Signaling Pathway. PPAR Res 2017; 2017:8187235. [PMID: 28182091 PMCID: PMC5274667 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8187235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) protein belongs to a superfamily of secreted proteins structurally related to factors modulating angiogenesis known as angiopoietins. At first, ANGPTL4 has been identified as an adipokine exclusively involved in lipid metabolism, because of its prevalent expression in liver and adipose tissue. This protein regulates lipid metabolism by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and stimulating lipolysis of white adipose tissue (WAT), resulting in increased levels of plasma triglycerides (TG) and fatty acids. Subsequently, ANGPTL4 has been shown to be involved in several nonmetabolic and metabolic conditions, both physiological and pathological, including angiogenesis and vascular permeability, cell differentiation, tumorigenesis, glucose homoeostasis, lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, wound healing, inflammation, and redox regulation. The transcriptional regulation of ANGPTL4 can be modulated by several transcription factors, including PPARα, PPARβ/δ, PPARγ, and HIF-1α, and nutritional and hormonal conditions. Several studies showed that high levels of ANGPTL4 are associated with poor prognosis in patients with various solid tumors, suggesting an important role in cancer onset and progression, metastasis, and anoikis resistance. Here, we have discussed the potential role of ANGPTL4 in mediating the cross talk between metabolic syndromes, such as diabetes and obesity, and cancer through regulation of its expression by PPARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura La Paglia
- ICAR-CNR, National Research Council of Italy, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Listì
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, INSERM, UMR 1162, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Valeria Amodeo
- Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Francesco Passiglia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Fanale
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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114
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Müller R. PPARβ/δ in human cancer. Biochimie 2016; 136:90-99. [PMID: 27916645 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARβ/δ) can regulate its target genes by transcriptional activation or repression through both ligand-dependent and independent mechanism as well as by interactions with other transcription factors. PPARβ/δ exerts essential regulatory functions in intermediary metabolism that have been elucidated in detail, but clearly also plays a role in inflammation, differentiation, apoptosis and other cancer-associated processes, which is, however, mechanistically only partly understood. Consistent with these functions clinical associations link the expression of PPARβ/δ and its target genes to an unfavorable outcome of several human cancers. However, the available data do not yield a clear picture of PPARβ/δ's role in cancer-associated processes and are in fact partly controversial. This article provides an overview of this research area and discusses the role of PPARβ/δ in cancer in light of the complex mechanisms of its transcriptional regulation and its potential as a druggable anti-cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Müller
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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115
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Shen CJ, Chan SH, Lee CT, Huang WC, Tsai JP, Chen BK. Oleic acid-induced ANGPTL4 enhances head and neck squamous cell carcinoma anoikis resistance and metastasis via up-regulation of fibronectin. Cancer Lett 2016; 386:110-122. [PMID: 27865799 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obese patients have higher levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) in their plasma and a higher risk of cancer than their non-obese counterparts. However, the mechanisms involved in the regulation of cancer metastasis by FFAs remain unclear. In this study, we found that oleic acid (OA) induced angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) protein expression and secretion and conferred anoikis resistance to head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). The autocrine production of OA-induced ANGPTL4 further promoted HNSCC migration and invasion. In addition, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) was essential for the OA-induced ANGPTL4 expression and invasion. The levels of OA-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, such as vimentin, MMP-9, and fibronectin and its downstream effectors Rac1/Cdc42, were significantly reduced in ANGPTL4-depleted cells. Knocking down fibronectin inhibited the expression of MMP-9 and repressed OA- and recombinant ANGPTL4-induced HNSCC invasion. On the other hand, ANGPTL4 siRNA inhibited OA-induced MMP-9 expression, which was reversed in fibronectin-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, the depletion of ANGPTL4 impeded the OA-primed metastatic seeding of tumor cells in the lungs. These results demonstrate that OA enhances HNSCC metastasis through the ANGPTL4/fibronectin/Rac1/Cdc42 and ANGPTL4/fibronectin/MMP-9 signaling axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jie Shen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Hung Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Ta Lee
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Chen Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jhih-Peng Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ben-Kuen Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC.
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116
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Chen HA, Kuo TC, Tseng CF, Ma JT, Yang ST, Yen CJ, Yang CY, Sung SY, Su JL. Angiopoietin-like protein 1 antagonizes MET receptor activity to repress sorafenib resistance and cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2016; 64:1637-1651. [PMID: 27530187 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting angiogenesis, cancer invasion, and metastasis. However, little is known about the effects of ANGPTL1 on sorafenib resistance and cancer stem cell properties in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism underlying these effects. Here, we show that ANGPTL1 expression positively correlates with sorafenib sensitivity in HCC cells and human HCC tissues. ANGPTL1 significantly decreases epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-driven sorafenib resistance, cancer stemness, and tumor growth of HCC cells by repressing Slug expression. ANGPTL1 directly interacts with and inactivates MET receptor, which contributes to Slug suppression through inhibition of the extracellular receptor kinase/protein kinase B (ERK/AKT)-dependent early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1) pathway. ANGPTL1 expression inversely correlates with Slug expression, poor sorafenib responsiveness, and poor clinical outcomes in HCC patients. CONCLUSION ANGPTL1 inhibits sorafenib resistance and cancer stemness in HCC cells by repressing EMT through inhibition of the MET receptor-AKT/ERK-Egr-1-Slug signaling cascade. ANGPTL1 may serve as a novel MET receptor inhibitor for advanced HCC therapy. (Hepatology 2016;64:1637-1651).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsang-Chih Kuo
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Tseng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Graduate Program of Biotechnology in Medicine College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ti Ma
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yao Yang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Ying Sung
- Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Liang Su
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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117
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Liao YH, Chiang KH, Shieh JM, Huang CR, Shen CJ, Huang WC, Chen BK. Epidermal growth factor-induced ANGPTL4 enhances anoikis resistance and tumour metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2016; 36:2228-2242. [PMID: 27797381 PMCID: PMC5415642 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is important for cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in many types of cancer. However, the mechanisms involved in EGF-induced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) metastasis remain largely unknown. In this study, we reveal that angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) plays an important role in the regulation of EGF-induced cancer metastasis. We showed that EGF-induced ANGPTL4 expression promoted anoikis resistance and cancer cell migration and invasion in HNSCC. In addition, depletion of ANGPTL4 inhibited EGF-induced cancer cell invasion. Autocrine production of EGF-induced ANGPTL4 regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The induction of MMP-1 gene expression by ANGPTL4-activated integrin β1 signalling occurred through the AP-1 binding site in the MMP-1 gene promoter. Furthermore, down-regulation of MMP-1 impeded EGF- and recombinant ANGPTL4-enhanced HNSCC cell migration and invasion. Depletion of ANGPTL4 significantly blocked EGF-primed extravasation and metastatic seeding of tumour cells and MMP-1 expression in lungs. However, no effect of ANGPTL4 on tumour growth was observed. These results suggest that EGF-induced expression and autocrine production of ANGPTL4 enhances HNSCC metastasis via the up-regulation of MMP-1 expression. Inhibition of ANGPTL4 expression may be a potential strategy for the treatment of EGFR-mediated HNSCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Liao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - K-H Chiang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - J-M Shieh
- Department of Chest Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C-R Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C-J Shen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - W-C Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - B-K Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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118
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Gomez Perdiguero E, Liabotis-Fontugne A, Durand M, Faye C, Ricard-Blum S, Simonutti M, Augustin S, Robb BM, Paques M, Valenzuela DM, Murphy AJ, Yancopoulos GD, Thurston G, Galaup A, Monnot C, Germain S. ANGPTL4-αvβ3 interaction counteracts hypoxia-induced vascular permeability by modulating Src signalling downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. J Pathol 2016; 240:461-471. [PMID: 27577973 DOI: 10.1002/path.4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic control of endothelial cell junctions is essential for vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. We recently provided genetic evidence that ANGPTL4 is a key regulator of vascular integrity both during developmental and in hypoxia-induced pathological conditions. The purpose of the present study was to decipher the molecular mechanisms through which ANGPTL4 regulates vascular integrity. Using surface plasmon resonance and proximity ligation assays, we show that ANGPTL4 binds integrin αvβ3. In vitro and in vivo functional assays with Angptl4-deficient mice demonstrate that ANGPTL4-αvβ3 interaction is necessary to mediate ANGPTL4 vasoprotective effects. Mechanistically, ANGPTL4-αvβ3 interaction enhances Src recruitment to integrin αvβ3 and inhibits Src signalling downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEFGR2), thereby repressing hypoxia-induced breakdown of VEGFR2-VE-cadherin and VEGFR2-αvβ3 complexes. We further demonstrate that intravitreal injection of recombinant human ANGPTL4 limits vascular permeability and leads to increased adherens junction and tight junction integrity. These findings identify a novel mechanism by which ANGPTL4 counteracts hypoxia-driven vascular permeability through integrin αvβ3 binding, modulation of VEGFR2-Src kinase signalling, and endothelial junction stabilization. We further demonstrate that Angptl4-deficient mice show increased vascular leakage in vivo in a model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, indicating that this newly identified ANGPTL4-αvβ3 axis might be a target for pharmaceutical intervention in pathological conditions. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Ecole Doctorale 394: Physiologie, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Athanasia Liabotis-Fontugne
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Ecole Doctorale 394: Physiologie, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Durand
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Clément Faye
- UMR 5086 CNRS Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- UMR 5086 CNRS Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Lyon, France
| | - Manuel Simonutti
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Augustin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Bryan M Robb
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Michel Paques
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.,Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Ariane Galaup
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Monnot
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Germain
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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119
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE For a healthy cell to turn into a cancer cell and grow out to become a tumor, it needs to undergo a series of complex changes and acquire certain traits, summarized as "The Hallmarks of Cancer." These hallmarks can all be regarded as the result of altered signal transduction cascades and an understanding of these cascades is essential for cancer treatment. RECENT ADVANCES Redox signaling is a long overlooked form of signal transduction that proceeds through the reversible oxidation of cysteines in proteins and that uses hydrogen peroxide as a second messenger. CRITICAL ISSUES In this article, we provide examples that show that redox signaling is involved in the regulation of proteins and signaling cascades that play roles in every hallmark of cancer. FUTURE DIRECTIONS An understanding of how redox signaling and "classical" signal transduction are intertwined could hold promising strategies for cancer therapy in the future. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 300-325.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marten Hornsveld
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias B Dansen
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
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120
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Milanovic D, Sticht C, Röhrich M, Maier P, Grosu AL, Herskind C. Inhibition of 13-cis retinoic acid-induced gene expression of reactive-resistance genes by thalidomide in glioblastoma tumours in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 6:28938-48. [PMID: 26362268 PMCID: PMC4745702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell differentiation potential of 13-cis retinoic acid (RA) has not succeeded in the clinical treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) so far. However, RA may also induce the expression of resistance genes such as HOXB7 which can be suppressed by Thalidomide (THAL). Therefore, we tested if combined treatment with RA+THAL may inhibit growth of glioblastoma in vivo. Treatment with RA+THAL but not RA or THAL alone significantly inhibited tumour growth. The synergistic effect of RA and THAL was corroborated by the effect on proliferation of glioblastoma cell lines in vitro. HOXB7 was not upregulated but microarray analysis validated by real-time PCR identified four potential resistance genes (IL-8, HILDPA, IGFBPA, and ANGPTL4) whose upregulation by RA was suppressed by THAL. Furthermore, genes coding for small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA) were identified as a target for RA for the first time, and their upregulation was maintained after combined treatment. Pathway analysis showed upregulation of the Ribosome pathway and downregulation of pathways associated with proliferation and inflammation. In conclusion, combined treatment with RA + THAL delayed growth of GBM xenografts and suppressed putative resistance genes associated with hypoxia and angiogenesis. This encourages further pre-clinical and clinical studies of this drug combination in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Milanovic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Centre for Medical Research, Universitaetsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manuel Röhrich
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Maier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitaetsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anca-L Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Herskind
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitaetsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Tanaka T, Imamura T, Yoneda M, Irie A, Ogi H, Nagata M, Yoshida R, Fukuma D, Kawahara K, Shinohara M, Nakayama H. Enhancement of active MMP release and invasive activity of lymph node metastatic tongue cancer cells by elevated signaling via the TNF-α-TNFR1-NF-κB pathway and a possible involvement of angiopoietin-like 4 in lung metastasis. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1377-84. [PMID: 27511626 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the role of TNF-α in tongue cancer metastasis, we made highly metastatic cells from a human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SAS) by repeating the passage in which the cells were injected into a nude mouse tongue and harvested from metastasized cervical lymph nodes. Cancer cells after 5 passages (GSAS/N5) increased invasive activity 7-fold in a TNF-α receptor 1 (TNFR1)-dependent manner and enhanced mRNA expression of TNF-α and TNFR1. In the highly metastatic cells, NF-κB activation was upregulated via elevated phosphorylation of Akt and Ikkα/β in the signaling pathway and secretion of TNF-α, active MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased. Suppression of increase of TNF-α mRNA expression and MMP secretion by NF-κB inhibitor NBD peptide suggested a positive feedback loop in GSAS/N5 cells; TNF-α activates NF-κB and activated NF-κB induces further TNF-α secretion, leading to increase of active MMP release and promotion of invasion and metastasis of the cells. GSAS/N5 cells that had been injected into the nude mouse tongue and harvested from metastasized lungs multiplied angiopoietin-like 4 (angptl4) expression with enhanced migration activity, which indicated a possible involvement of angptl4 in lung metastasis of the cells. These results suggest that TNF-α and angptl4 promote metastasis of the oral cancer cells, thus, these molecules may be therapeutic targets for patients with tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahisa Imamura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yoneda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Atsushi Irie
- Department of Immunogenetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hidenao Ogi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masashi Nagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Daiki Fukuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Shinohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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The downregulation of ANGPTL4 inhibits the migration and proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 71:144-149. [PMID: 27505034 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common malignant cancer in the oral cavity, with a high rate of metastasis to the neck lymphoid node. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) and microvessel density (MVD) may be novel indicators for tumor metastasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and function of ANGPTL4 in TSCC and the relationship between ANGPTL4 and MVD. METHODS The expression levels of ANGPTL4 and MVD (CD34) were analyzed in 65 TSCC specimens and the adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC). siRNA was delivered into TSCCA cells to downregulate ANGPTL4 expression. Subsequently, validation with real-time RT-PCR and western blot analyses was performed to analyze ANGPTL4 expression levels. In addition, a proliferation assay, migration and invasion assays were carried out. RESULTS ANGPTL4 expression was associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and MVD expression. Cox regression analysis showed that high levels of ANGPTL4 expression were closely associated with poor survival time. In vitro analyses using qRT-PCR and western blot confirmed that ANGPTL4 was successfully inhibited in TSCCA cells. Suppressing ANGPTL4 resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration, but neither invasion nor cisplatin resistance was significantly affected. CONCLUSION High expression levels of ANGPTL4 are associated with the T stage, lymphatic metastasis, angiogenesis and poor overall survival in TSCC patients. The downregulation of ANGPTL4 inhibits the migration and proliferation of cells in TSCC. Taken together, ANGPTL4 may serve as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for TSCC.
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Rey B, Dégletagne C, Bodennec J, Monternier PA, Mortz M, Roussel D, Romestaing C, Rouanet JL, Tornos J, Duchamp C. Hormetic response triggers multifaceted anti-oxidant strategies in immature king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus). Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:577-587. [PMID: 27449544 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Repeated deep dives are highly pro-oxidative events for air-breathing aquatic foragers such as penguins. At fledging, the transition from a strictly terrestrial to a marine lifestyle may therefore trigger a complex set of anti-oxidant responses to prevent chronic oxidative stress in immature penguins but these processes are still undefined. By combining in vivo and in vitro approaches with transcriptome analysis, we investigated the adaptive responses of sea-acclimatized (SA) immature king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) compared with pre-fledging never-immersed (NI) birds. In vivo, experimental immersion into cold water stimulated a higher thermogenic response in SA penguins than in NI birds, but both groups exhibited hypothermia, a condition favouring oxidative stress. In vitro, the pectoralis muscles of SA birds displayed increased oxidative capacity and mitochondrial protein abundance but unchanged reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation per g tissue because ROS production per mitochondria was reduced. The genes encoding oxidant-generating proteins were down-regulated in SA birds while mRNA abundance and activity of the main antioxidant enzymes were up-regulated. Genes encoding proteins involved in repair mechanisms of oxidized DNA or proteins and in degradation processes were also up-regulated in SA birds. Sea life also increased the degree of fatty acid unsaturation in muscle mitochondrial membranes resulting in higher intrinsic susceptibility to ROS. Oxidative damages to protein or DNA were reduced in SA birds. Repeated experimental immersions of NI penguins in cold-water partially mimicked the effects of acclimatization to marine life, modified the expression of fewer genes related to oxidative stress but in a similar way as in SA birds and increased oxidative damages to DNA. It is concluded that the multifaceted plasticity observed after marine life may be crucial to maintain redox homeostasis in active tissues subjected to high pro-oxidative pressure in diving birds. Initial immersions in cold-water may initiate an hormetic response triggering essential changes in the adaptive antioxidant response to marine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rey
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France; Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Cyril Dégletagne
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Jacques Bodennec
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Neuroscience Research Centre, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Pierre-Axel Monternier
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Mathieu Mortz
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Damien Roussel
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Caroline Romestaing
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Rouanet
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Jeremy Tornos
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Claude Duchamp
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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ANGPTL2/LILRB2 signaling promotes the propagation of lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:21004-15. [PMID: 26056041 PMCID: PMC4673246 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune inhibitory receptors expressed on various types of immune cells deliver inhibitory signals that maintain the homeostasis of the immune system. Recently we demonstrated that leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 (LILRB2) and its murine homolog, paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PIRB), are expressed on hematopoietic stem cells and acute myeloid leukemia stem cells and function in maintenance of stemness. Herein, we determined that both LILRB2 and its soluble ligand ANGPTL2 are highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples, and levels are adversely related to patient prognosis. Inhibition of LILRB2 expression in NSCLC cell lines, such as A549 cells, resulted in a dramatic decrease in proliferation, colony formation, and migration. Mechanistic analyses indicated that ANGPTL2 binds LILRB2 to support the growth of lung cancer cells and that the SHP2/CaMK1/CREB axis controls the proliferation of lung cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that signaling involving ANGPTL2 and LILRB2 is important for lung cancer development and represents a novel target for treatment of this type of cancer.
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Schumann T, Adhikary T, Wortmann A, Finkernagel F, Lieber S, Schnitzer E, Legrand N, Schober Y, Nockher WA, Toth PM, Diederich WE, Nist A, Stiewe T, Wagner U, Reinartz S, Müller-Brüsselbach S, Müller R. Deregulation of PPARβ/δ target genes in tumor-associated macrophages by fatty acid ligands in the ovarian cancer microenvironment. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13416-33. [PMID: 25968567 PMCID: PMC4537024 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) is a lipid ligand-inducible transcription factor associated with macrophage polarization. However, its function in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has not been investigated to date. Here, we report the PPARβ/δ-regulated transcriptome and cistrome for TAMs from ovarian carcinoma patients. Comparison with monocyte-derived macrophages shows that the vast majority of direct PPARβ/δ target genes are upregulated in TAMs and largely refractory to synthetic agonists, but repressible by inverse agonists. Besides genes with metabolic functions, these include cell type-selective genes associated with immune regulation and tumor progression, e.g., LRP5, CD300A, MAP3K8 and ANGPTL4. This deregulation is not due to increased expression of PPARβ/δ or its enhanced recruitment to target genes. Instead, lipidomic analysis of malignancy-associated ascites revealed high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular linoleic acid, acting as potent PPARβ/δ agonists in macrophages. These fatty acid ligands accumulate in lipid droplets in TAMs, thereby providing a reservoir of PPARβ/δ ligands. These observations suggest that the deregulation of PPARβ/δ target genes by ligands of the tumor microenvironment contributes to the pro-tumorigenic polarization of ovarian carcinoma TAMs. This conclusion is supported by the association of high ANGPTL4 expression with a shorter relapse-free survival in serous ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schumann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Till Adhikary
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Annika Wortmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Lieber
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Schnitzer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Legrand
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schober
- Metabolomics Core Facility and Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - W Andreas Nockher
- Metabolomics Core Facility and Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philipp M Toth
- Medicinal Chemistry Core Facility and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Wibke E Diederich
- Medicinal Chemistry Core Facility and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Wagner
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Silke Reinartz
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Müller
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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Heo JC, Jung TH, Lee S, Kim HY, Choi G, Jung M, Jung D, Lee HK, Lee JO, Park JH, Hwang D, Seol HJ, Cho H. Effect of bexarotene on differentiation of glioblastoma multiforme compared with ATRA. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 33:417-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Shafik NM, Mohamed DA, Bedder AE, El-Gendy AM. Significance of Tissue Expression and Serum Levels of Angiopoietin-like Protein 4 in Breast Cancer Progression: Link to NF-κB /P65 Activity and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:8579-87. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gache Y, Brellier F, Rouanet S, Al-Qaraghuli S, Goncalves-Maia M, Burty-Valin E, Barnay S, Scarzello S, Ruat M, Sevenet N, Avril MF, Magnaldo T. Basal Cell Carcinoma in Gorlin's Patients: a Matter of Fibroblasts-Led Protumoral Microenvironment? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145369. [PMID: 26694869 PMCID: PMC4687848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the commonest tumor in human. About 70% sporadic BCCs bear somatic mutations in the PATCHED1 tumor suppressor gene which encodes the receptor for the Sonic Hedgehog morphogen (SHH). PATCHED1 germinal mutations are associated with the dominant Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS), a major hallmark of which is a high susceptibility to BCCs. Although the vast majority of sporadic BCCs arises exclusively in sun exposed skin areas, 40 to 50% BCCs from NBCCS patients develop in non photo-exposed skin. Since overwhelming evidences indicate that microenvironment may both be modified by- and influence the- epithelial tumor, we hypothesized that NBCCS fibroblasts could contribute to BCCs in NBCCS patients, notably those developing in non photo-exposed skin areas. The functional impact of NBCCS fibroblasts was then assessed in organotypic skin cultures with control keratinocytes. Onset of epidermal differentiation was delayed in the presence of primary NBCCS fibroblasts. Unexpectedly, keratinocyte proliferation was severely reduced and showed high levels of nuclear P53 in both organotypic skin cultures and in fibroblast-led conditioning experiments. However, in spite of increased levels of senescence associated β-galactosidase activity in keratinocytes cultured in the presence of medium conditioned by NBCCS fibroblasts, we failed to observe activation of P16 and P21 and then of bona fide features of senescence. Constitutive extinction of P53 in WT keratinocytes resulted in an invasive phenotype in the presence of NBCCS fibroblasts. Finally, we found that expression of SHH was limited to fibroblasts but was dependent on the presence of keratinocytes. Inhibition of SHH binding resulted in improved epidermal morphogenesis. Altogether, these data suggest that the repertoire of diffusible factors (including SHH) expressed by primary NBCCS fibroblasts generate a stress affecting keratinocytes behavior and epidermal homeostasis. Our findings suggest that defects in dermo/epidermal interactions could contribute to BCC susceptibility in NBCCS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Gache
- INSERM U1081—CNRS UMR7284 –UNS, Nice, France
- Université de Nice–Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Florence Brellier
- CNRS FRE2939, Université de Paris Sud—Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Rouanet
- INSERM U1081—CNRS UMR7284 –UNS, Nice, France
- Université de Nice–Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Sahar Al-Qaraghuli
- INSERM U1081—CNRS UMR7284 –UNS, Nice, France
- Université de Nice–Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Maria Goncalves-Maia
- INSERM U1081—CNRS UMR7284 –UNS, Nice, France
- Université de Nice–Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Elodie Burty-Valin
- CNRS FRE2939, Université de Paris Sud—Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Sabine Scarzello
- INSERM U1081—CNRS UMR7284 –UNS, Nice, France
- Université de Nice–Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Martial Ruat
- CNRS UMR9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Gif‑sur‑Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Sevenet
- INSERM U916 & Institut Bergonié, Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Thierry Magnaldo
- INSERM U1081—CNRS UMR7284 –UNS, Nice, France
- Université de Nice–Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
- * E-mail:
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Bai L, Wang F, Zhang DS, Li C, Jin Y, Wang DS, Chen DL, Qiu MZ, Luo HY, Wang ZQ, Li YH, Wang FH, Xu RH. A plasma cytokine and angiogenic factor (CAF) analysis for selection of bevacizumab therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17717. [PMID: 26620439 PMCID: PMC4664961 DOI: 10.1038/srep17717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study intends to identify biomarkers that could refine the selection of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) for bevacizumab treatment. Pretreatment 36 plasma cytokines and angiogenic factors (CAFs) were first measured by protein microarray analysis in patients who received first-line bevacizumab-containing therapies (discovery cohort, n = 64), and further evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in patients treated on regimens with or without bevacizumab (validation cohort, n = 186). Factor levels were correlated with clinical outcomes, predictive values were assessed using a treatment by marker interaction term in the Cox model. Patients with lower pretreatment levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or VEGF-A121 gain much more benefit from bevacizumab treatment as measured by progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), while angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) levels negatively correlated with PFS and response rate following bevacizumab (all adjusted interaction P < 0.05). A baseline CAF signature combining these three markers has greater predictive ability than individual markers. Signature-negative patients showed impaired survival following bevacizumab treatment (PFS, 7.3 vs 7.0 months; hazard ratio [HR] 1.03; OS, 29.9 vs 21.1 months, HR 1.33) compared with signature-positive patients (PFS, 6.5 vs 11.9 months, HR 0.52; OS, 28.0 vs 55.3 months, HR 0.67). These promising results warrant further prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, P. R. China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - De-Shen Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Liang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Yan Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
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Peters JM, Gonzalez FJ, Müller R. Establishing the Role of PPARβ/δ in Carcinogenesis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:595-607. [PMID: 26490384 PMCID: PMC4631629 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in carcinogenesis is controversial because conflicting studies indicate that it both inhibits and promotes tumorigenesis. In this review, we focus on recent studies on PPARβ/δ including the significance of increased or decreased PPARβ/δ expression in cancers; a range of opposing mechanisms describing how PPARβ/δ agonists, antagonists, and inverse agonists regulate tumorigenesis and/or whether there may be cell context-specific mechanisms; and whether activating or inhibiting PPARβ/δ is feasible for cancer chemoprevention and/or therapy. Research questions that need to be addressed are highlighted to establish whether PPARβ/δ can be effectively targeted for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Peters
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and The Center of Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rolf Müller
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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131
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Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:791060. [PMID: 26508818 PMCID: PMC4609868 DOI: 10.1155/2015/791060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the syndrome of cancer cachexia and that of metastasis are related with a poor prognostic for cancer patients. They are considered multifactorial processes associated with a proinflammatory environment, to which tumour microenvironment and other tissues from the tumour bearing individuals contribute. The aim of the present review is to address the role of ghrelin, myostatin, leptin, HIF, IL-6, TNF-α, and ANGPTL-4 in the regulation of energy balance, tumour development, and tumoural cell invasion. Hypoxia induced factor plays a prominent role in tumour macro- and microenvironment, by modulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines.
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132
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Lee K, Jeong JE, Kim IH, Kim KS, Ju BG. Cyclo(phenylalanine-proline) induces DNA damage in mammalian cells via reactive oxygen species. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2851-64. [PMID: 26416514 PMCID: PMC4687708 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) is produced by various organisms such as animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. It has diverse biological functions including anti‐fungal activity, anti‐bacterial activity and molecular signalling. However, a few studies have demonstrated the effect of cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) on the mammalian cellular processes, such as cell growth and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated whether cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) affects cellular responses associated with DNA damage in mammalian cells. We found that treatment of 1 mM cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) induces phosphorylation of H2AX (S139) through ATM‐CHK2 activation as well as DNA double strand breaks. Gene expression analysis revealed that a subset of genes related to regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and production is suppressed by the cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) treatment. We also found that cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) treatment induces perturbation of the mitochondrial membrane, resulting in increased ROS, especially superoxide, production. Collectively, our study suggests that cyclo(phenylalanine‐proline) treatment induces DNA damage via elevation of ROS in mammalian cells. Our findings may help explain the mechanism underlying the bacterial infection‐induced activation of DNA damage response in host mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghyun Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Hwang Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun-Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Gun Ju
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
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133
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Wilson SS, Wong A, Toupadakis CA, Yellowley CE. Expression of angiopoietin-like protein 4 at the fracture site: Regulation by hypoxia and osteoblastic differentiation. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:1364-73. [PMID: 25864912 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vascular disruption that occurs as a consequence of bone fracture, leads to hypoxia at the site of damage. Hypoxia regulates the expression of a number of genes that can modulate energy conservation, cell survival, tissue regeneration and angiogenesis. In this study we investigated the expression of Angiopoietin-like 4, an adipocytokine that has additional roles in angiogenesis, at the fracture site. We demonstrate that Angptl4 mRNA expression increased early during fracture healing (day 3) returning close to baseline at day14. In the callus, Angptl4 mRNA was visualized in areas of condensing mesenchymal cells, callus cartilage and was especially high in mineralizing osteoblasts located in areas of new bone formation. In vitro, Angptl4 mRNA expression in osteoblasts increased under hypoxic conditions and in cells treated with the hypoxia mimetic desferrioxamine. Angptl4 levels were strongly induced at day 14 in differentiating MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. Exogenous ANGPTL4 increased expression of Runx2, Spp1, vegfa, and Alp mRNA in differentiating osteoblasts. We suggest that the distribution of Angptl4 in the callus may be driven by hypoxia and that Angptl4 may play a role in osteoblastic differentiation, and possibly angiogenesis via regulation of VEGF. Further studies could reveal a dual role for Angptl4 in angiogenesis and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina S Wilson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Alice Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Chrisoula A Toupadakis
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Clare E Yellowley
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, California, 95616
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134
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Guo L, Li S, Zhao Y, Qian P, Ji F, Qian L, Wu X, Qian G. Silencing Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 (ANGPTL4) Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Via Regulating SIRT1 /NF-kB Pathway. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2390-402. [PMID: 25727991 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Institute of Respiratory Disease; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Shaoying Li
- Institute of Respiratory Disease; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - Pin Qian
- Institute of Field Internal Medicine; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Fuyun Ji
- Institute of Respiratory Disease; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Lanlan Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Disease; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Xueling Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Disease; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Guisheng Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Disease; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
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135
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Ren YH, Liu KJ, Wang M, Yu YN, Yang K, Chen Q, Yu B, Wang W, Li QW, Wang J, Hou ZY, Fang JY, Yeh ET, Yang J, Yi J. De-SUMOylation of FOXC2 by SENP3 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:7093-104. [PMID: 25216525 PMCID: PMC4196186 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cellular oxidative stress in promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been noticed. Our previous study shows that SENP3, a redox-sensitive SUMO2/3-specific protease, accumulates in a variety of cancers, but whether SENP3 and SUMOylation involve in the regulation of EMT is unclear. The present study uncovers a novel role of SENP3 in promoting the EMT process in gastric cancer via regulating an EMT-inducing transcription factor, forkhead box C2 (FOXC2). We demonstrate that the expression of mesenchymal marker genes and cell migration ability are enhanced in SENP3-overexpressing gastric cancer cells and attenuated in SENP3-knockdown cells. A nude mouse model and a set of patient's specimens suggest the correlation between SENP3 and gastric cancer metastasis. Biochemical assays identify FOXC2 as a substrate of SENP3. Meanwhile N-cadherin is verified as a target gene of FOXC2, which is transcriptionally activated by a SUMO-less FOXC2. Additionally, reactive oxygen species-induced de-SUMOylation of FOXC2 can be blocked by silencing endogenous SENP3. In conclusion, SENP3, which is increased in gastric cancer cells, potentiates the transcriptional activity of FOXC2 through de-SUMOylation, in favor of the induction of specific mesenchymal gene expression in gastric cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-hua Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Institute of Neuroscience, Wenzhou Medical University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China. These authors contribute equally to the work
| | - Ke-jia Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. These authors contribute equally to the work
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-nan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-wei Li
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Biliary- Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-yuan Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-yuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Edward T Yeh
- Department of Cardiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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136
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Larijani B, Perani M, Alburai'si K, Parker PJ. Functional proteomic biomarkers in cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1346:1-6. [PMID: 25801208 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Beyond penetrant germline and somatic mutations, there are substantial challenges in extrapolating phenotypes from linear DNA sequences and transcriptomics. This brings a molecular pathology emphasis to the properties of the main players responsible for executing actions, proteins. The proteomic attribute most frequently determined in pathology is (relative) content, but for many candidate biomarkers this is not the most important feature to understand. In keeping pace with the depth of knowledge of the mechanisms underlying pathologies, we need to ask more sophisticated questions about the state of proteins, for example, their oligomerization status, modification status, and location. This demands hitherto nonroutine approaches to proteomics, which we will discuss in this brief perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafshe Larijani
- Cell Biophysics Laboratory, Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science and Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Michela Perani
- King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter J Parker
- King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, United Kingdom
- London Research Institute Cancer Research UK, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, United Kingdom
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137
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Ma J, Chen X, Li JS, Peng L, Wei SY, Zhao SL, Li T, Zhu D, He YX, Wei QJ, Li B. Upregulation of podocyte-secreted angiopoietin-like-4 in diabetic nephropathy. Endocrine 2015; 49:373-84. [PMID: 25424436 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury plays a key role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Understanding the changes in podocyte structure and function in diabetes mellitus may lead to novel diagnostic tools and treatment strategies for DN. Albuminuria, histological alterations, and podocyte injury were detected at different time points in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Increased urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios (ACR) and podocyte injury were significantly observed 4 weeks post-STZ injection. We determined the glomerular expression and distribution of angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) by immunofluorescence and real-time PCR. Glomerular Angptl4 expression was mostly colocalized with synaptopodin, a podocyte marker, with substantial additional overlap with the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). This finding indicated that Angptl4 might be primarily secreted by podocytes and moved toward the GBM. Moreover, we observed by Western blot analysis and ELISA that the urinary Angptl4 level was gradually upregulated in both STZ-induced rats and diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria. We further found that the increased glomerular Angptl4 expression was closely related to the urinary ACR level and podocyte injury. In addition, the urinary Angptl4 expression was closely associated with albuminuria in the rats and patients with DN. This study is the first to show that podocyte-secreted Angptl4 is upregulated in DN and can be detected in urine. Angptl4 might function as a podocyte injury marker and could be a potential and novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Nephrology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
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138
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Xu L, Guo ZN, Yang Y, Xu J, Burchell SR, Tang J, Zhang J, Xu J, Zhang JH. Angiopoietin-like 4: A double-edged sword in atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke? Exp Neurol 2015; 272:61-6. [PMID: 26033474 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death in the world, and thus is a major public health concern. Atherosclerosis, also known as atherogenesis, is a crucial risk factor for cerebral ischemia, yet how it develops remains largely unknown. It has been found, however, that angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), a protein expressed in vascular endothelial cells, plays a role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and may therefore be involved in ischemic stroke. ANGPTL4 activity is associated with endothelial cell integrity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. ANGPTL4 also serves as a potent inhibitor of the lipoprotein lipase, and may inhibit atherogenesis via regulating inflammatory signaling and lipid metabolism. In addition, ANGPTL4 plays a role in the regulation of oxidative stress. However, there currently exists a controversy on the role of ANGPTL4 in endothelial cells. Some studies indicate that ANGPTL4 can protect the integrity of endothelial cells, while others have shown that it can be destructive to the endothelium, thereby leading to the initiation of atherosclerosis. Thus, the effects of ANGPTL4 on development of atherosclerosis and thereby ischemic stroke, are undefined. Further research is needed to better understand ANGPTL4-mediated signaling pathways in endothelial function and to determine its potentials as therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sherrefa R Burchell
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA, USA.
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139
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Yang W, Zou L, Huang C, Lei Y. Redox regulation of cancer metastasis: molecular signaling and therapeutic opportunities. Drug Dev Res 2015; 75:331-41. [PMID: 25160073 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. Accumulated evidence has shown that high-metastasis potential cancer cells have more reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation compared with low-metastasis potential cancer cells. ROS can function as second messengers to regulate multiple cancer metastasis-related signaling pathways via reversible oxidative posttranslational modifications of cysteine in key redox-sensitive proteins, which leads to the structural and functional change of these proteins. Because ROS can promote cancer metastasis, therapeutic strategies aiming at inducing/reducing cellular ROS level or targeting redox sensors involved in metastasis hold great potential in developing new efficient approaches for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarize recent findings on regulation of tumor metastasis by key redox sensors and describe the potential of targeting redox signaling pathways for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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140
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A membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP)-discoidin domain receptor 1 axis regulates collagen-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116006. [PMID: 25774665 PMCID: PMC4638154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During tumour dissemination, invading breast carcinoma cells become confronted with a reactive stroma, a type I collagen-rich environment endowed with anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties. To develop metastatic capabilities, tumour cells must acquire the capacity to cope with this novel microenvironment. How cells interact with and respond to their microenvironment during cancer dissemination remains poorly understood. To address the impact of type I collagen on the fate of tumour cells, human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells were cultured within three-dimensional type I collagen gels (3D COL1). Using this experimental model, we have previously demonstrated that membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), a proteinase overexpressed in many aggressive tumours, promotes tumour progression by circumventing the collagen-induced up-regulation of BIK, a pro-apoptotic tumour suppressor, and hence apoptosis. Here we performed a transcriptomic analysis to decipher the molecular mechanisms regulating 3D COL1-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Control and MT1-MMP expressing MCF-7 cells were cultured on two-dimensional plastic plates or within 3D COL1 and a global transcriptional time-course analysis was performed. Shifting the cells from plastic plates to 3D COL1 activated a complex reprogramming of genes implicated in various biological processes. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a 3D COL1-mediated alteration of key cellular functions including apoptosis, cell proliferation, RNA processing and cytoskeleton remodelling. By using a panel of pharmacological inhibitors, we identified discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a receptor tyrosine kinase specifically activated by collagen, as the initiator of 3D COL1-induced apoptosis. Our data support the concept that MT1-MMP contributes to the inactivation of the DDR1-BIK signalling axis through the cleavage of collagen fibres and/or the alteration of DDR1 receptor signalling unit, without triggering a drastic remodelling of the transcriptome of MCF-7 cells.
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141
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Lin MI, Price EN, Boatman S, Hagedorn EJ, Trompouki E, Satishchandran S, Carspecken CW, Uong A, DiBiase A, Yang S, Canver MC, Dahlberg A, Lu Z, Zhang CC, Orkin SH, Bernstein ID, Aster JC, White RM, Zon LI. Angiopoietin-like proteins stimulate HSPC development through interaction with notch receptor signaling. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 25714926 PMCID: PMC4371382 DOI: 10.7554/elife.05544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like proteins (angptls) are capable of ex vivo expansion of mouse and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Despite this intriguing ability, their mechanism is unknown. In this study, we show that angptl2 overexpression is sufficient to expand definitive HSPCs in zebrafish embryos. Angptl1/2 are required for definitive hematopoiesis and vascular specification of the hemogenic endothelium. The loss-of-function phenotype is reminiscent of the notch mutant mindbomb (mib), and a strong genetic interaction occurs between angptls and notch. Overexpressing angptl2 rescues mib while overexpressing notch rescues angptl1/2 morphants. Gene expression studies in ANGPTL2-stimulated CD34(+) cells showed a strong MYC activation signature and myc overexpression in angptl1/2 morphants or mib restored HSPCs formation. ANGPTL2 can increase NOTCH activation in cultured cells and ANGPTL receptor interacted with NOTCH to regulate NOTCH cleavage. Together our data provide insight to the angptl-mediated notch activation through receptor interaction and subsequent activation of myc targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle I Lin
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Emily N Price
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sonja Boatman
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Elliott J Hagedorn
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Eirini Trompouki
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sruthi Satishchandran
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Charles W Carspecken
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Audrey Uong
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Anthony DiBiase
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Song Yang
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Matthew C Canver
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Ann Dahlberg
- Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Zhigang Lu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Cheng Cheng Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Jon C Aster
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Richard M White
- Department of Cancer Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston's Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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142
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Li L, Chong HC, Ng SY, Kwok KW, Teo Z, Tan EHP, Choo CC, Seet JE, Choi HW, Buist ML, Chow VTK, Tan NS. Angiopoietin-like 4 Increases Pulmonary Tissue Leakiness and Damage during Influenza Pneumonia. Cell Rep 2015; 10:654-663. [PMID: 25660016 PMCID: PMC7185373 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive host inflammatory responses negatively impact disease outcomes in respiratory infection. Host-pathogen interactions during the infective phase of influenza are well studied, but little is known about the host's response during the repair stage. Here, we show that influenza infection stimulated the expression of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) via a direct IL6-STAT3-mediated mechanism. ANGPTL4 enhanced pulmonary tissue leakiness and exacerbated inflammation-induced lung damage. Treatment of infected mice with neutralizing anti-ANGPTL4 antibodies significantly accelerated lung recovery and improved lung tissue integrity. ANGPTL4-deficient mice also showed reduced lung damage and recovered faster from influenza infection when compared to their wild-type counterparts. Retrospective examination of human lung biopsy specimens from infection-induced pneumonia with tissue damage showed elevated expression of ANGPTL4 when compared to normal lung samples. These observations underscore the important role that ANGPTL4 plays in lung infection and damage and may facilitate future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of influenza pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Han Chung Chong
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Say Yong Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ka Wai Kwok
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ziqiang Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Eddie Han Pin Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Chee Chong Choo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Hyung Won Choi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Martin Lindsay Buist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Vincent Tak Kwong Chow
- Host and Pathogen Interactivity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.
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143
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Akazawa-Ogawa Y, Shichiri M, Nishio K, Yoshida Y, Niki E, Hagihara Y. Singlet-oxygen-derived products from linoleate activate Nrf2 signaling in skin cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 79:164-75. [PMID: 25499849 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Linoleates are required for normal mammalian health and development, but they are also prone to oxidation, resulting in biologically active metabolites such as hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs). To investigate the biological activity of 9-EZ-HODE, 10-EZ-HODE, 12-ZE-HODE, and 13-ZE-HODE, the metabolites of singlet-oxygen-derived products from linoleates, we assessed adaptive cytoprotection in HaCaT skin cells. Treating HaCaT cells with sublethal concentrations of 10-EZ-HODE and 12-ZE-HODE, which are singlet-oxygen-mediated specific oxidation metabolites of linoleates, but not 9-EZ-HODE and 13-ZE-HODE, caused resistance to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage. Microarray analysis of HaCaT cells revealed that 10-EZ-HODE and 12-ZE-HODE induced cellular antioxidant genes that are responsive to nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), such as heme oxygenase-1 and glutathione synthesis enzymes. Although 10-EZ-HODE and 12-ZE-HODE did not induce Nrf2 mRNA, treatment with these metabolites increased the intranuclear expression of Nrf2. These results suggest that 10-EZ-HODE and 12-ZE-HODE initiate adaptive responses that reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Akazawa-Ogawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Keiko Nishio
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Etsuo Niki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Hagihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
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144
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Kanwar N, Hu P, Bedard P, Clemons M, McCready D, Done SJ. Identification of genomic signatures in circulating tumor cells from breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:332-44. [PMID: 25529931 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood have prognostic value in early and metastatic breast cancer. CTCs also show varying degrees of concordance with molecular markers of primary tumors they originate from. It is expected that individual cells reflect the heterogeneity and evolution of tumor cells as they acquire new functions and differential responses to chemotherapy. However, a degree of commonality is also plausible, highlighting alterations that allow tumor cells to perform CTC-defining activities such as invasion and intravasation. Using a matched tumor-normal approach, we performed high-resolution copy number profiling of CTCs from breast cancer to identify occult changes occurring during progression to metastasis. We identified a signature of recurrent gain in CTCs, consisting of 90 minimal common regions (MCRs) of copy number gain. These were predominantly found across chromosome 19 and were identified at low frequencies (3-4%) in 787 primary breast carcinomas examined. CTC genomic signatures clustered into two groups independent of subtype: a dormancy-related signature with 16 MCRs (AKT2, PTEN, CADM2); and a tumor-aggressiveness related signature with 358 MCRs (ANGPTL4, BSG, MIR-373). There were two MCRs in common between the groups on 19q13 and 21q21, containing genes involved in resistance to anoikis, TGFβ-signaling and metastasis (TFF3, LTBP4, NUMBL). Furthermore, a region harboring the ERBB2 gene was gained in a majority of patients. Regions 20q13 and 15q24 were associated with distant metastasis. The distinctiveness of CTC signatures highlights cell populations with different functional or metastatic potential. Such novel targets could help to specifically identify and block dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kanwar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Philippe Bedard
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark Clemons
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David McCready
- Division of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan J Done
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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145
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Lv J, Fu Z, Shi M, Xia K, Ji C, Xu P, Lv M, Pan B, Dai L, Xie H. Systematic analysis of gene expression pattern in has-miR-760 overexpressed resistance of the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell to doxorubicin. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 69:162-9. [PMID: 25661353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Chemoresistance of breast cancer is a growing problem and still a major clinical obstacle to successful treatment in clinical patients. miR-760 was significantly downregulated in chemoresistance breast cancer tissues compared to chemo-sensitive tissues in our previous study. However, the role of miR-760 in modulating drug resistance remains largely unexplored. In this study, we sought to determine the expression pattern of miR-760 targeted mRNAs, and explore their potential functions and participated-pathways in breast cancer drug resistance cells. RESULTS Compared to parental cell line MCF-7, miR-760 was downregulated by 6.15 folds in MCF-7/Adr cells. The qRT-PCR result showed that compared to miR-760 negative control cells group, miR-760 was up-regulated 15.817 folds after miR-760 lentiviral transfection in miR-760 mimics group. The microarray data showed that 270 genes were dysregulated over 2-fold change in MCF-7/Adr cells after miR-760 overexpressed, including 241 up-regulated and 29 downregulated genes. GO analysis result appeared that the predicted target genes of miR-760 mainly regulated DNA binding, protein binding, molecular function, nucleic acid binding, and so on; the pathway analysis data demonstrated that these target genes mainly involved in cell cycle, TGF-beta signaling pathway, mRNA processing reactome, G protein signaling, apoptosis, Wnt signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways. There were 3 predicted target genes (RHOB, ANGOTL4, ABCA1) of miR-760 were selected at a P value<0.05 and the fold enrichment was>40. CONCLUSION Our study explored the genes expression pattern after miR-760 overexpresssed, and confirmed 3 dominantly dysregulated genes, which could expand the insights into the miR-760 function and molecular mechanisms in drug resistance of breast cancer. This study might afford a comprehensive understanding of miR-760 as prognostic biomarkers during clinical treatment, and we supposed that the miR-760 expression levels in drug resistance carcinoma tissues could be pursued to develop new strategies for targeted therapies in chemoresistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Lv
- Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated with Yangzhou Medical University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Min Shi
- Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated with Yangzhou Medical University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Kai Xia
- The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Chenbo Ji
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Mingming Lv
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated with Yangzhou Medical University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Luxian Dai
- Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated with Yangzhou Medical University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China; The People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province/The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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146
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MicroRNAs associated with the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in biliary tract cancer cell lines. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:20134-57. [PMID: 25380521 PMCID: PMC4264160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151120134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a palliative treatment option for unresectable hilar biliary tract cancer (BTC) showing a considerable benefit for survival and quality of life with few side effects. Currently, factors determining the cellular response of BTC cells towards PDT are unknown. Due to their multifaceted nature, microRNAs (miRs) are a promising analyte to investigate the cellular mechanisms following PDT. For two photosensitizers, Photofrin® and Foscan®, the phototoxicity was investigated in eight BTC cell lines. Each cell line (untreated) was profiled for expression of n=754 miRs using TaqMan® Array Human MicroRNA Cards. Statistical analysis and bioinformatic tools were used to identify miRs associated with PDT efficiency and their putative targets, respectively. Twenty miRs correlated significantly with either high or low PDT efficiency. PDT was particularly effective in cells with high levels of clustered miRs 25-93*-106b and (in case of miR-106b) a phenotype characterized by high expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin and high proliferation (cyclinD1 and Ki67 expression). Insensitivity towards PDT was associated with high miR-200 family expression and (for miR-cluster 200a/b-429) expression of differentiation markers Ck19 and Ck8/18. Predicted and validated downstream targets indicate plausible involvement of miRs 20a*, 25, 93*, 130a, 141, 200a, 200c and 203 in response mechanisms to PDT, suggesting that targeting these miRs could improve susceptibility to PDT in insensitive cell lines. Taken together, the miRNome pattern may provide a novel tool for predicting the efficiency of PDT and-following appropriate functional verification-may subsequently allow for optimization of the PDT protocol.
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147
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Ser70 phosphorylation of Bcl-2 by selective tyrosine nitration of PP2A-B56δ stabilizes its antiapoptotic activity. Blood 2014; 124:2223-34. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-03-563296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Points
O2− modifies B56δ at Y289 to block the PP2A holoenzyme assembly. This results in S70 Bcl-2 phosphorylation and promotes tumor chemoresistance. Primary lymphomas with low SOD1 have high B56δ tyrosine nitration and S70pBcl-2.
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148
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Gurski LA, Knowles LM, Basse PH, Maranchie JK, Watkins SC, Pilch J. Relocation of CLIC1 promotes tumor cell invasion and colonization of fibrin. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:273-80. [PMID: 25205595 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) has been shown to be upregulated in various malignancies but its exact function remains unclear. Here, it is revealed that CLIC1 is critical for the stability of invadopodia in endothelial and tumor cells embedded in a 3-dimensional (3D) matrix of fibrin. Invadopodia stability was associated with the capacity of CLIC1 to induce stress fiber and fibronectin matrix formation following its β3 integrin (ITGB3)-mediated recruitment into invadopodia. This pathway, in turn, was relevant for fibrin colonization as well as slug (SNAI2) expression and correlated with a significant role of CLIC1 in metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, a reduction of myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) in CLIC1-depleted as well as β3 integrin-depleted cells suggests an important role of CLIC1 for integrin-mediated actomyosin dynamics in cells embedded in fibrin. Overall, these results indicate that CLIC1 is an important contributor to tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. IMPLICATIONS This study uncovers an important new function of CLIC1 in the regulation of cell-extracellular matrix interactions and ability of tumor cells to metastasize to distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Gurski
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Shadyside Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lynn M Knowles
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Shadyside Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Per H Basse
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jodi K Maranchie
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Shadyside Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon C Watkins
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jan Pilch
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Shadyside Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saarland, Germany.
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149
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Buchheit CL, Weigel KJ, Schafer ZT. Cancer cell survival during detachment from the ECM: multiple barriers to tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer 2014; 14:632-41. [PMID: 25098270 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells require attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM) for survival. However, during tumour progression and metastasis, cancerous epithelial cells must adapt to and survive in the absence of ECM. During the past 20 years, several cellular changes, including anoikis, have been shown to regulate cell viability when cells become detached from the ECM. In this Opinion article, we review in detail how cancer cells can overcome or take advantage of these specific processes. Gaining a better understanding of how cancer cells survive during detachment from the ECM will be instrumental in designing chemotherapeutic strategies that aim to eliminate ECM-detached metastatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Buchheit
- 1] Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA. [2]
| | - Kelsey J Weigel
- 1] Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA. [2]
| | - Zachary T Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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150
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Ng KTP, Xu A, Cheng Q, Guo DY, Lim ZXH, Sun CKW, Fung JHS, Poon RTP, Fan ST, Lo CM, Man K. Clinical relevance and therapeutic potential of angiopoietin-like protein 4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:196. [PMID: 25148701 PMCID: PMC4149052 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Development of novel adjuvant therapy to eradicate tumor angiogenesis and metastasis is a pressing need for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate the clinical relevance and therapeutic potential of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) in HCC. Methods ANGPTL4 mRNA levels in tumor and non-tumor liver tissues of HCC patients were analyzed to investigate its clinical relevance. The mechanisms of deregulation of ANGPTL4 in HCC were studied by copy number variation (CNV) and CpG methylation analyses. The orthotopic liver tumor nude mice model was applied using a human metastatic cell line. ANGPTL4-overexpressing adenovirus (Ad-ANGPTL4) was injected via portal vein to investigate its anti-tumorigenic and anti-metastatic potentials. Results HCC tissues expressed significantly lower levels of ANGPTL4 mRNA than non-tumor tissues. The copy number of ANGPTL4 gene in tumor tissues was significantly lower than in non-tumor tissues of HCC patients. Higher frequency of methylation of CpG sites of ANGPTL4 promoter was detected in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues. Downregulation of ANGPTL4 mRNA in HCC was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, presence of venous infiltration, poor differentiation, higher AFP level, appearance of tumor recurrence, and poor postoperative overall and disease-free survivals of HCC patients. Treatment with Ad-ANGPTL4 significantly inhibited the in vivo tumor growth, invasiveness and metastasis by promoting tumoral apoptosis, inhibiting tumoral angiogenesis and motility, and suppressing tumor-favorable microenvironment. Moreover, administration of recombinant ANGPTL4 protein suppressed the motility of HCC cells and altered the secretion profile of cytokines from macrophages. Conclusion ANGPTL4 is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC patients and a potential therapeutic agent to suppress HCC growth, angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery and Centre for Cancer Research, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Room L9-55, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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