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Associations and correlates of general versus specific successful ageing components. Eur J Ageing 2020; 18:549-563. [PMID: 34786016 PMCID: PMC8563891 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-020-00593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity in the operationalisation of successful ageing (SA) hinders a straightforward examination of SA associations and correlates, and in turn, the identification of potentially modifiable predictors of SA. It is unclear which SA associations and correlates influence all facets of the SA construct, and whether psychosocial reserve models developed in neuropathological ageing research can also be linked to SA. It was therefore the aim of this study to disentangle the effect of various previously identified SA associations and correlates on (1) a general SA factor, which represents the shared underpinnings of three SA facets, and (2) more confined, specific factors, using bifactor modelling. The associations and correlates of three recently validated SA operationalisations were compared in 2478 participants from the German AgeCoDe study, aged 75 years and above. Based on participants’ main occupation, cognitive reserve (CR) and motivational reserve (MR) models were built. Younger age, male gender, more education, higher socio-economic status, being married or widowed, as well as more physical exercise and cognitive activities in old age were found to correlate positively with the general SA factor, indicating a simultaneous effect on all aspects of SA. Smoking and ApoE-ε4 were related only to the physiological facet of SA. CR models were significantly related to the general SA factor. Among all SA associations and correlates, proxy indicators of lifelong cognitive activity and physical exercise showed the strongest effects on SA. Future intervention studies should assess the influence of the preservation of active lifestyle across the life span on SA.
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102
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Haase KR, Kain D, Merchant S, Booth C, Koven R, Brundage M, Galica J. Older survivors of cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic: Reflections and recommendations for future care. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 12:461-466. [PMID: 33303410 PMCID: PMC7713572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Although the year after cancer treatment is challenging for all cancer survivors, older adults (≥60 years) face additional challenges due to age-related decline and high rates of comorbidity. There is a paucity of research on how health service interruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted the experience of older cancer survivors. In this study we explore older cancer survivors' reflections on the pandemic and their suggestions for future care delivery when traditionally offered resources are not available. Methods We conducted 1:1 telephone interviews with adults 60 years and older previously diagnosed with breast and colorectal cancer and recently (≤12 months) discharged from their cancer care team. We analyzed the data using descriptive thematic analysis. Results The mean sample (n = 30) age was 72.1 years (SD 5.8, Range 63–83) of whom 57% identified as female. Participants described personal and societal implications of the pandemic. that affected their ability to navigate social support, and public and clinical landscapes. These reflections informed their suggestions for future health care delivery, such as how they could have been better prepared to self-manage their post-cancer treatment journey. Participants recommendations were grouped into four sub-themes: 1) enhanced baseline information; 2) facilitate caregiver support and engagement; 3) greater technology integration; and 4) sustained use and public appreciation of personal protective equipment. Conclusion Older cancer survivors appreciate the needed shift to virtual appointments and services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific strategies to bolster older adults existing strengths and improve their readiness to engage in these measures are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Haase
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Danielle Kain
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Shaila Merchant
- Division of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Christopher Booth
- Canada Research Chair in Population Cancer Care; Principal Investigator, Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Canada; Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Medicine, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Rachel Koven
- Division of Cancer Care & Epidemiology, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Canada
| | - Michael Brundage
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada; Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Canada; Kingston Regional Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Galica
- Division of Cancer Care & Epidemiology, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Canada; School of Nursing, Queen's University, Canada
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103
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Quan NG, Lohman MC, Resciniti NV, Friedman DB. A systematic review of interventions for loneliness among older adults living in long-term care facilities. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1945-1955. [PMID: 31602993 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1673311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to review loneliness interventions for older adults living in long-term care (LTC) facilities over the past 10 years, to categorize interventions by type, and to compare effectiveness of loneliness interventions in these settings. METHODS Systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Articles matching search criteria were collected from PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from 2009 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) English language, 2) intervention studies with a quantitative measure that compares pre-trial to post-trial changes, 3) loneliness as a primary or secondary outcome 4) subjects age >65, and 5) subjects living in a LTC facility, such as a nursing home, assisted-living, or hospice. RESULTS A total of 15 intervention studies qualified for systematic review. Most of these interventions were psychological therapies and leisure/skill development interventions. Approximately, 87% of studies reported significant decreases in loneliness following intervention. Laughter therapy, horticultural therapy, and reminiscence therapy were associated with the greatest decreases in loneliness. DISCUSSION Results suggest that, although less common than interventions in the community, there are several effective interventions to reduce loneliness among older adults living in LTC facilities. Lack of standardized measures and high-quality studies limits comparisons between intervention types and generalizability to different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas G Quan
- Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Matthew C Lohman
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Nicholas V Resciniti
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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104
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Acceptance and Influencing Factors of Social Virtual Reality in the Urban Elderly. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12229345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the stage of aging society and population aging, the social needs of the elderly are widely discussed by researchers. Especially driven by the demand of tele-medical treatment and tele-rehabilitation therapy, it is vital for the elderly to integrate into virtual communities by combining social virtual reality (VR) with different medical services and entertainment needs. In addition, affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, it is more difficult for people to have face-to-face contacts. With more remote consultation, entertainment and virtual social connectivity, the application of social VR is more urgent and valuable. However, there is little discussion on the acceptability and influencing factors of social VR among the elderly at present. Therefore, in order to get further data, we used (1) early stage semi-structured interviews and then (2) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) questionnaires for investigation. One hundred fourteen elderly people aged 60–89 living in the metropolitan area of Taipei were taken as the subjects. To help them understand the situation and state of using social VR, these elderly people were asked to use a head-mounted display (HMD) to experience social VR games. The preliminary results showed that the elderly had obvious preference for entertainment (32.4%) and medical treatment (31.3%). The interview showed that this was related to the physiological condition or medical needs of the age range. In order to further understand how social VR would affect the social life of the elderly, we proposed the further demand structure of UTAUT Model based on the interview of both experts and the elderly. The model structures include (1) Performance Expectancy, (2) Perceived Enjoyment, (3) Social Influence, (4) User Attitude, (5) Behavioral Intention, and so on. These structures were applied to conduct interviews and questionnaires to find out the influence extent and relevance of the elderly on different structural needs, and suggestions were given accordingly. The results of the above interviews showed that (1) the elderly thought that the functions of entertaining and interacting of social VR could increase their social opportunities, and also meet medical needs (teleconference, cognitive decline, etc.), (2) the closeness of social relations (between family members, friends, doctors, and places), and also affect the relevance of Perceived Enjoyment (β = 0.77, p = 0.000 < 0.05). The results of these phenomena and interviews showed the interplay between the demand structures and their special relevance. They also indicated that as to social VR technologies, various demands and functional issues of the elderly need to be considered, and these demands would appear in the subtle usage, and different social VR interfaces and functions would emerge based on their special living ways and physical and psychological demands.
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105
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Older Aboriginal Australians' Health Concerns and Preferences for Healthy Ageing Programs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207390. [PMID: 33050541 PMCID: PMC7600369 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While there is strong evidence of the need for healthy ageing programs for older Aboriginal Australians, few are available. It is important to understand older Aboriginal Australians’ perspectives on healthy ageing in order to co-design culturally-appropriate programs, including views on technology use in this context. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 Aboriginal Australians aged 50 years and older from regional and urban communities to explore participants’ health concerns, preferences for healthy ageing programs, and receptiveness to technology. Qualitative data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. This study found that older Aboriginal Australians are concerned about chronic health conditions, social and emotional well-being, and difficulties accessing health services. A range of barriers and enablers to participation in current health programs were identified. From the perspective of older Aboriginal people, a successful healthy ageing program model includes physical and cognitive activities, social interaction, and health education. The program model also provides culturally safe care and transport for access as well as family, community, cultural identity, and empowerment regarding ageing well as central tenets. Technology could also be a viable approach for program delivery. These findings can be applied in the implementation and evaluation of culturally-appropriate, healthy ageing programs with older Aboriginal people.
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106
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Liu Y, Lachman ME. A Group-Based Walking Study to Enhance Physical Activity Among Older Adults: The Role of Social Engagement. Res Aging 2020; 43:368-377. [PMID: 33021146 DOI: 10.1177/0164027520963613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore social engagement and social comparisons as mechanisms to increase physical activity among older adults. METHODS Participants (N = 60, mean age = 65.7) were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. Participants in the treatment condition used the application to track their daily walking steps and interact via text messages with their group members for 4 weeks. Participants in the control group used the application only to track their own walking steps. Outcome variables included mean weekly steps, exercise self-efficacy, and social engagement. RESULTS The results revealed that participants in the experimental condition significantly increased their mean weekly steps and social engagement from the pretest to the posttest whereas the control group did not. These effects were maintained at the 1-month follow up. DISCUSSION The study expands our understanding of the motivational role of social engagement and social comparison in increasing PA among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Liu
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
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107
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Siira H, Elo S, Kyngäs H, Falck A. Well-being Supportive Home Environment of Elderly People with Visual Impairments and Health-related Quality of Life. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2020.1823789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Siira
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Research Center and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - S. Elo
- Master School, Lapland University of Applied Sciences, Kemi, Finland
| | - H. Kyngäs
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - A. Falck
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Research Center and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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108
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Abdi S, de Witte L, Hawley M. Emerging Technologies With Potential Care and Support Applications for Older People: Review of Gray Literature. JMIR Aging 2020; 3:e17286. [PMID: 32780020 PMCID: PMC7448188 DOI: 10.2196/17286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of older people with unmet care and support needs is increasing substantially due to the challenges facing the formal and informal care systems. Emerging technological developments have the potential to address some of the care and support challenges of older people. However, limited work has been done to identify emerging technological developments with the potential to meet the care and support needs of the aging population. Objective This review aimed to gain an overview of emerging technologies with potential care and support applications for older people, particularly for those living at home. Methods A scoping gray literature review was carried out by using the databases of 13 key organizations, hand searching reference lists of included documents, using funding data, and consulting technology experts. A narrative synthesis approach was used to analyze and summarize the findings of the literature review. Results A total of 39 documents were included in the final analysis. From the analysis, 8 emerging technologies were identified that could potentially be used to meet older people’s needs in various care and support domains. These emerging technologies were (1) assistive autonomous robots; (2) self-driving vehicles; (3) artificial intelligence–enabled health smart apps and wearables; (4) new drug release mechanisms; (5) portable diagnostics; (6) voice-activated devices; (7) virtual, augmented, and mixed reality; and (8) intelligent homes. These emerging technologies were at different levels of development, with some being trialed for care applications, whereas others being in the early phases of development. However, only a few documents mentioned including older people during the process of designing and developing these technologies. Conclusions This review has identified key emerging technologies with the potential to contribute to the support and care needs of older people. However, to increase the adoption of these technologies by older people, there is a need to involve them and other stakeholders, such as formal and informal carers, in the process of designing and developing these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Abdi
- Centre for Assistive Technology and Connected Healthcare, School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Luc de Witte
- Centre for Assistive Technology and Connected Healthcare, School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Hawley
- Centre for Assistive Technology and Connected Healthcare, School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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109
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Bartels SL, Assander S, Patomella AH, Jamnadas-Khoda J, Malinowsky C. Do you observe what I perceive? The relationship between two perspectives on the ability of people with cognitive impairments to use everyday technology. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1295-1305. [PMID: 31056927 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1609902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Everyday technologies (ETs) can be challenging to use, particularly for older adults with cognitive impairments. This study evaluated the relationship between the self-perceived ability to use ET and observable performance of self-chosen and familiar, but challenging ETs in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.Method: A self-perceived report, the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ), and a structured observational tool, the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META), assessing the perceived and observed ability to use ET, were used in 41 people with MCI and 38 people with dementia. Correlations were investigated with non-parametric statistical tests.Results: In the dementia group, self-perceived report and observational scores correlated on a significant medium level (Rs=0.44, p = 0.006). In the MCI group, no significant correlation was found.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest the ability of older adults with cognitive impairments to use ETs can be depicted with self-perceived reports as well as with observations. However, the combination of both approaches is recommended to get a comprehensive picture. While the S-ETUQ provides a broad picture of the use, presence and relevance of technologies in an individual's life, the META describes a specific human-technology interaction in detail. Furthermore, the results suggest people with early dementia retain the ability and insight to accurately reflect on their own ability to use ET, emphasizing the need to include their experiences in research and clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S Assander
- Division of Occupational Therapy Department of Neurobiology Care Science and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A-H Patomella
- Division of Occupational Therapy Department of Neurobiology Care Science and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Jamnadas-Khoda
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - C Malinowsky
- Division of Occupational Therapy Department of Neurobiology Care Science and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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110
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Liao S, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wang R. Variety, frequency, and type of Internet use and its association with risk of depression in middle- and older-aged Chinese: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2020; 273:280-290. [PMID: 32421614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet use is beneficial to mental health has been acknowledged, but its specific patterns await further investigation in China's context of urban-rural disparity. Therefore, we aimed to understand the patterns of Internet use and measure their associations with risk of depression in China from three dimensions: variety, frequency and type. METHODS We selected 18,492 urban and rural Chinses respondents aged 45 years and older from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 dataset. Risk of depression was measured by 10-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies (CES-D 10). Internet use was measured from three dimensions: variety, frequency and type, whereas its relationship with risk of depression was examined by multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS In the whole sample, 67.2% of respondents had no risk of depression, and approximately 7% used Internet, which was inversely associated with risk of depression (AOR=0.617, 95% CI=0.444, 0.858). Rural respondents had higher risk of depression (37.1% VS 26.2%) and lower prevalence of Internet use (2.6% VS 13%). Among rural respondents, using Internet occasionally (AOR=0.338; 95% CI=0.130, 0.881), using one type of device (AOR=0.293; 95% CI=0.113, 0.760), especially mobile phone (AOR=0.427; 95% CI=0.187, 0.978) were associated with lower odds of depression. No significant associations were observed in urban respondents. LIMITATIONS The causal relationship between variables awaits further investigation with a longitudinal design. CONCLUSION Internet use was negatively associated with risks of depression, especially in rural but not in urban participants. Rural-urban disparities should be considered when designing strategies to encourage moderate Internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Liao
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Affiliated Mental Health Center of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430012, China; Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Yifeng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Research center for Rural Health Services, Hubei Province Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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111
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Designing ICTs for Users with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Usability Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145153. [PMID: 32708861 PMCID: PMC7399939 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Research has supported the cost-effectiveness of cognitive training tools enhanced by information and communication technologies (ICT) in several populations, including individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and age-related cognitive decline. The implementation of ICTs in this population, however, is sometimes challenging to their cognitive and age characteristics. Ultimately, this might compromise the effectiveness of ICT-enhanced therapies in this population. The aim of this study is to test the usability and acceptability of a European project prototype for elderly care, in an attempt to explore the ICT design needs of users with MCI. Methods: Participants were 28 individuals aged 58–95 years and with a diagnosis of MCI. Results: The results showed a low perception of peripheral elements and the need to place main interaction elements in the centre of the screen. The correlation between the general level of autonomy (daily life activities) and the ICT autonomy level was significant and positive. The speed of audio help had a significant impact on performance. Conclusion: The present work contributes to the literature on ICT usability needs of users with MCI. Some usability recommendations for designing interfaces for this type of user are provided in the text.
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112
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Petrescu-Prahova M, Osterhage K, Taylor JO, Painter I, Choi Y, Turner AM. Older Adult Health-Related Support Networks: Implications for the Design of Digital Communication Tools. Innov Aging 2020; 4:igaa020. [PMID: 32665982 PMCID: PMC7325148 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Digital communication tools facilitate the provision of health-related social support to older adults. However, little is known about what design features make such tools most useful and feasible. The purpose of this study was to describe health-related social support networks of older adults and outline recommendations for the design of tools that facilitate the giving and receiving of support. Research Design and Methods We collected data through validated instruments and semistructured qualitative interviews with 88 older adults. We calculated descriptive statistics for the quantitative data and analyzed qualitative data using directed content analysis. Results Health-related support networks described by our sample of generally healthy older adults varied in size from 0 to 10 members. Some networks did not include any family members, and others did not include any friends. Seventy-four percent of network members lived in the same state as the older adult participant, but only 15% of them lived with the participant. Emotional support was the main type of health-related support provided, followed by instrumental, informational, and appraisal support. Discussion and Implications Health-related support networks of older adults are varied and complex. Our results suggest that digital communication tools to promote and leverage support from network members should facilitate the involvement of friends and family regardless of their physical location, allow for the transparent allocation of concrete tasks to prevent overburdening any one network member, and facilitate sharing of personal health information with family and friends while ensuring privacy and autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Osterhage
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jean O Taylor
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Ian Painter
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Yong Choi
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Anne M Turner
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
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113
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Akhter-Khan SC, Au R. Why Loneliness Interventions Are Unsuccessful: A Call for Precision Health. ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2020; 2:e200016. [PMID: 36037052 PMCID: PMC9410567 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Loneliness has drawn increasing attention over the past few decades due to rising recognition of its close connection with serious health issues, like dementia. Yet, researchers are failing to find solutions to alleviate the globally experienced burden of loneliness. Purpose This review aims to shed light on possible reasons for why interventions have been ineffective. We suggest new directions for research on loneliness as it relates to precision health, emerging technologies, digital phenotyping, and machine learning. Results Current loneliness interventions are unsuccessful due to (i) their inconsideration of loneliness as a heterogeneous construct and (ii) not being targeted at individuals' needs and contexts. We propose a model for how loneliness interventions can move towards finding the right solution for the right person at the right time. Taking a precision health approach, we explore how transdisciplinary research can contribute to creating a more holistic picture of loneliness and shift interventions from treatment to prevention. Conclusions We urge the field to rethink metrics to account for diverse intra-individual experiences and trajectories of loneliness. Big data sharing and evolving technologies that emphasize human connection raise hope for realizing our model of precision health applied to loneliness. There is an urgent need for precise, integrated, and theory-driven interventions that focus on individuals' needs and the subjective burden of loneliness in the ageing context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia C. Akhter-Khan
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University Graduate School, NC 27705, USA
| | - Rhoda Au
- Departments of Anatomy & Neurobiology and Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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114
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Chen AT, Slattery K, Tomasino KN, Rubanovich CK, Bardsley LR, Mohr DC. Challenges and Benefits of an Internet-Based Intervention With a Peer Support Component for Older Adults With Depression: Qualitative Analysis of Textual Data. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e17586. [PMID: 32543448 PMCID: PMC7327601 DOI: 10.2196/17586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Technological interventions provide many opportunities for improving the health and quality of life of older adults. However, interaction with new technologies can also cause frustration. Although these themes have been explored in extant research, much remains to be learned with regard to how the challenges of aging and technology use and the experiences of participating in a social and learning environment are interrelated. Objective This study aimed to perform a qualitative analysis of data collected from MoodTech, a pilot study of an internet-based intervention with a peer support component for older adults with symptoms of depression, to better understand the participants’ experience of using technological interventions, including the challenges and benefits that they experienced over the course of these interventions. Methods We employed an inductive qualitative analysis method based on grounded theory methodology and interpretative phenomenological analysis to analyze participant textual data. These textual data were of 3 main types: (1) assignments in which participants challenged their negative thoughts, (2) status updates, and (3) comments in the peer support component of the intervention. Results We have presented the results through 3 main themes: (1) the challenges of aging as seen through the participants’ comments, (2) the difficulties experienced by the participants in using MoodTech, and (3) the benefits they derived from participating. Conclusions This paper offers several contributions concerning study participants’ experiences with internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) interventions with a peer support component and design considerations for developing complex technological interventions that support the challenges participants experience due to aging and cognitive difficulties. First, technical issues encountered by older adults within the context of the intervention can interact with and exacerbate the insecurities they experience in life, and it is important to consider how intervention components might be designed to mitigate these issues. Second, peer support can be employed as a mechanism to facilitate communication, support, and collaborative problem solving among participants in an intervention. The insights from this paper can inform the design of iCBT interventions for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie T Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Krystal Slattery
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kathryn N Tomasino
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Caryn Kseniya Rubanovich
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Leland R Bardsley
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David C Mohr
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Chen K. Use of Gerontechnology to Assist Older Adults to Cope with the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:983-984. [PMID: 32546395 PMCID: PMC7241410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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116
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Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore associations between internet/email use in a large sample of older English adults with their social isolation and loneliness. Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Wave 8 were used, with complete data available for 4,492 men and women aged ⩾ 50 years (mean age = 64.3, standard deviation = 13.3; 51.7% males). Binomial logistic regression was used to analyse cross-sectional associations between internet/email use and social isolation and loneliness. The majority of older adults reported using the internet/email every day (69.3%), fewer participants reported once a week (8.5%), once a month (2.6%), once every three months (0.7%), less than every three months (1.5%) and never (17.4%). No significant associations were found between internet/email use and loneliness, however, non-linear associations were found for social isolation. Older adults using the internet/email either once a week (odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.49–0.72) or once a month (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.45–0.80) were significantly less likely to be socially isolated than every day users; those using internet/email less than once every three months were significantly more likely to be socially isolated than every day users (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.28–6.40). Once every three months and never users showed no difference in social isolation compared with every day users. Weak associations were found between different online activities and loneliness, and strong associations were found with social isolation. The study updated knowledge of older adults’ internet/email habits, devices used and activities engaged in online. Findings may be important for the design of digital behaviour change interventions in older adults, particularly in groups at risk of or interventions targeting loneliness and/or social isolation.
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117
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Ethical Applications of Big Data-Driven AI on Social Systems: Literature Analysis and Example Deployment Use Case. INFORMATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/info11050235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of technological solutions to address the production of goods and offering of services is ubiquitous. Health and social issues, however, have only slowly been permeated by technological solutions. Whilst several advances have been made in health in recent years, the adoption of technology to combat social problems has lagged behind. In this paper, we explore Big Data-driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) applied to social systems; i.e., social computing, the concept of artificial intelligence as an enabler of novel social solutions. Through a critical analysis of the literature, we elaborate on the social and human interaction aspects of technology that must be in place to achieve such enabling and address the limitations of the current state of the art in this regard. We review cultural, political, and other societal impacts of social computing, impact on vulnerable groups, and ethically-aligned design of social computing systems. We show that this is not merely an engineering problem, but rather the intersection of engineering with health sciences, social sciences, psychology, policy, and law. We then illustrate the concept of ethically-designed social computing with a use case of our ongoing research, where social computing is used to support safety and security in home-sharing settings, in an attempt to simultaneously combat youth homelessness and address loneliness in seniors, identifying the risks and potential rewards of such a social computing application.
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118
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Zambianchi M, Rönnlund M, Carelli MG. Attitudes Towards and Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) Among Older Adults in Italy and Sweden: the Influence of Cultural Context, Socio-Demographic Factors, and Time Perspective. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2020; 34:291-306. [PMID: 31079248 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-019-09370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined determinants of attitudes towards and use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in older adults, including variations in cultural context, socio-demographic factors (age, education, and gender) and the individual's time perspective. Towards this end, 638 older adults in Italy (n = 262, M = 71.7 years) and Sweden (n = 376, M = 69.9 years) completed the Swedish Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI), the Attitude toward Technologies Questionnaire (ATTQ), and questions regarding use of specific digital technologies (e.g. Internet, Skype, Facebook); data were collected in 2013-2014. The results showed more positive attitudes toward ICTs in Swedish compared with Italian elderly as well as more frequent use of technologies. Regardless of nationality, younger age and higher levels of educational attainment was positively associated with attitudes towards ICTs. Male gender was associated with higher ATTQ scores in the Italian, but not in the Swedish, sample. Time perspective accounted for significant variance beyond the foregoing variables. S-ZTPI Past Negative, Future Negative and Present Fatalistic in particular, were (negatively) related to ATTQ scores, with a similar pattern for ICT use. Future Positive and Present Hedonistic were positively associated with ATTQ scores, across the samples. In conclusion, between-person differences in time perspective organization are an important factor to account for variability in attitudes towards and use of ICTs in old age, and appears to exert an influence over and beyond other significant predictors, such as cultural context, age/cohort membership, and educational level.
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119
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Rocheleau JN, Cobigo V, Chalghoumi H, Jahan A, Jutai J, Lake J, Farrell S, Lachapelle Y. Factors affecting information technology use from the perspective of aging persons with cognitive disabilities: A scoping review of qualitative research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/tad-190242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginie Cobigo
- School of Psychology and Centre for Research on Educational and Community Services, University of Ottawa, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Alhadi Jahan
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Jutai
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences and LIFE Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Johanna Lake
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Yves Lachapelle
- Psychoéducation Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Lin L, Jing XC, Lv SJ, Liang JH, Tian L, Li HL, Puts M, Xu Y. Mobile device use and the cognitive function and depressive symptoms of older adults living in residential care homes. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:41. [PMID: 32013915 PMCID: PMC6998827 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-1427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the fast-paced aging and increasing digitalization of society, there has been a growing interest in the effect of mobile device use on cognitive function and depression in older adults. However, research examining this issue among older adults in residential care homes (RCHs) is scant. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of mobile device use on the cognitive function and depressive symptoms of older adults living in RCHs. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Results A total of 235 senior residents (aged 82.58 ± 5.54) in four RCHs were surveyed. Users of mobile devices had a significantly higher total MoCA score (25.02 ± 4.14) and a significantly lower GDS-15 score (3.28 ± 2.74) than non-users (MoCA: 19.34 ± 5.21, GDS-15: 4.69 ± 2.90). Multivariate linear regression indicate that mobile device use is significantly associated with total MoCA score, six of the seven sub-scores (visuospatial abilities and execution functions, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation)(P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that mobile device use was significantly associated with the level of depressive symptoms (OR = 0.458, 95%CI = 0.249–0.845). Conclusions Use of mobile devices has a significant association with the cognitive function and depressive symptoms of older adults living in RCHs, and thus should be encouraged as a measure to maintain and improve cognition and prevent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Chen Jing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shu-Jiao Lv
- School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing-Hong Liang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui-Ling Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Martine Puts
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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121
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Carr D, Utz RL. Families in Later Life: A Decade in Review. JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY 2020; 82:346-363. [PMID: 33633412 PMCID: PMC7904069 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Later-life families encompass the legal, biological, romantic, and kin-like relationships of persons ages 65 and older. Research on older families has flourished over the past decade, as population aging has intensified concerns regarding the capacities of families to care for older adults and the adequacy of public pension systems to provide an acceptable standard of living. Shifting patterns of family formation over the past half-century have created a context in which contemporary older adults' family lives differ markedly from earlier generations. Decreasing numbers of adults are growing old with their first and only spouse, with rising numbers divorcing, remarrying, forming non-marital romantic partnerships, or living single by choice. Remarriage and the formation of stepfamilies pose challenges and opportunities as older adults negotiate complex decisions such as inheritance and caregiving. Family relationships are consequential for older adults' well-being, operating through both biological and psychosocial mechanisms. We synthesize research from the past decade, revealing how innovations in data and methods have refined our understanding of late-life families against a backdrop of demographic change. We show how contemporary research refines classic theoretical frameworks and tests emerging conceptual models. We organize the article around two main types of family relationships: (1) marriage and romantic partnerships and (2) intergenerational relationships. We discuss how family caregiving occurs within these relationships, and offer three promising avenues for future research: ethnic minority and immigrant families; older adults without close kin ("elder orphans"); and the potentials of rapidly evolving technologies for intergenerational relationships and caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Carr
- Department of Sociology, Boston University, 100 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Rebecca L Utz
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Social & Behavior Sciences Building, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0250
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122
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Abstract
The aging population is growing at an unprecedented rate globally and robotics-enabled solutions are being developed to provide better independent living for older adults. In this study, we report the results from a systematic review of the state-of-the-art in home robotics research for caring for older adults. This review aims to address two questions: (1) What research is being done towards integrating robotics for caring for older adults? (2) What are the research and technology challenges that robots are facing in the home? Sixty-three papers have been identified and studied in this review by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Common themes that are consistent across the reviewed papers are distinguished and consolidated as follows: (1) Ambient assisted living, where smart home environments and physical support tools are studied; (2) Robot ecosystem, where robotic devices are used to provide various services; (3) Social interaction, where the social isolation problem has been targeted. We also summarize the results of similar literature reviews we came across during our search. The results of this study present the current research trends and technologies used in each category. The challenges and limitations of robotics applications are also identified. Suggestions for accelerating the deployment of robots at home for providing older adults with independent care in the home are presented based on the results and insights from this study.
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123
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Jarvis MA, Padmanabhanunni A, Balakrishna Y, Chipps J. The effectiveness of interventions addressing loneliness in older persons: An umbrella review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2019.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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124
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ten Bruggencate T, Luijkx KG, Sturm J. Friends or Frenemies? The Role of Social Technology in the Lives of Older People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16244969. [PMID: 31817808 PMCID: PMC6950725 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
By having a healthy and happy social life, social needs are fulfilled. When social needs are not fulfilled, loneliness and social isolation can occur, which have negative consequences for one’s physical and mental health. Social technology, technology that enables social interaction, can be a resource to fulfil the social needs of older people. In this study, we aimed to learn what role social technology plays in the social life of older people. We held 15 interviews with people aged over 70 who regularly use some form of social technology. Our results indicate that social technology plays different roles in the lives of older people. It strengthens the existing social relationships and social structures. It also brings depth and fun to the social contacts of older people and in this way, enriches their social lives. Social technology also gives a sense of safety and peace of mind to the older people themselves but also to their network members. However, there are barriers in the use of social technology. The older people struggled with using social technology and feel that social technology sometimes stands in the way of real human contact. In supporting and facilitating people’s relationship with others, a community and society, technology helps fulfil older people’s need for connectedness, meaningfulness and independence. However, the relationship with independence is ambiguous. Their life experience gives older people a thoughtful way of looking at social technology and the role it plays in their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina ten Bruggencate
- Department of Tranzo, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands;
- Chair of People and Technology, Institute for HRM and Psychology, Fontys University of Applied Science, 5612 AR Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-885-079-183
| | - Katrien G. Luijkx
- Department of Tranzo, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands;
| | - Janienke Sturm
- Chair of People and Technology, Institute for HRM and Psychology, Fontys University of Applied Science, 5612 AR Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
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125
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Bott N, Wexler S, Drury L, Pollak C, Wang V, Scher K, Narducci S. A Protocol-Driven, Bedside Digital Conversational Agent to Support Nurse Teams and Mitigate Risks of Hospitalization in Older Adults: Case Control Pre-Post Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e13440. [PMID: 31625949 PMCID: PMC6913375 DOI: 10.2196/13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalized older adults often experience isolation and disorientation while receiving care, placing them at risk for many inpatient complications, including loneliness, depression, delirium, and falls. Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are technological entities that can interact with people through spoken conversation. Some ECAs are also relational agents, which build and maintain socioemotional relationships with people across multiple interactions. This study utilized a novel form of relational ECA, provided by Care Coach (care.coach, inc): an animated animal avatar on a tablet device, monitored and controlled by live health advocates. The ECA implemented algorithm-based clinical protocols for hospitalized older adults, such as reorienting patients to mitigate delirium risk, eliciting toileting needs to prevent falls, and engaging patients in social interaction to facilitate social engagement. Previous pilot studies of the Care Coach avatar have demonstrated the ECA's usability and efficacy in home-dwelling older adults. Further study among hospitalized older adults in a larger experimental trial is needed to demonstrate its effectiveness. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the effect of a human-in-the-loop, protocol-driven relational ECA on loneliness, depression, delirium, and falls among diverse hospitalized older adults. METHODS This was a clinical trial of 95 adults over the age of 65 years, hospitalized at an inner-city community hospital. Intervention participants received an avatar for the duration of their hospital stay; participants on a control unit received a daily 15-min visit from a nursing student. Measures of loneliness (3-item University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale), depression (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale), and delirium (confusion assessment method) were administered upon study enrollment and before discharge. RESULTS Participants who received the avatar during hospitalization had lower frequency of delirium at discharge (P<.001), reported fewer symptoms of loneliness (P=.01), and experienced fewer falls than control participants. There were no significant differences in self-reported depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The study findings validate the use of human-in-the-loop, relational ECAs among diverse hospitalized older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Bott
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Psychology, PGSP-Stanford Consortium, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | | | - Lin Drury
- Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Kathleen Scher
- Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sharon Narducci
- Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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126
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Meshi D, Cotten SR, Bender AR. Problematic Social Media Use and Perceived Social Isolation in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Gerontology 2019; 66:160-168. [PMID: 31522178 DOI: 10.1159/000502577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation in older adults is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes. In today's digital society, if individuals perceive themselves to be socially isolated, they can take steps to interact with others on social media platforms. Research with younger adults indicates that social media use is positively linked to social isolation. However, less is known about social media use and social isolation in older adults. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between social isolation and degree of social media use in older adults. METHODS Using Internet sources, we recruited 213 participants (79.8% female; mean age 62.6 years, SD 8.3) who responded to an online survey focusing on living situation, depression, social isolation, and 2 measures of social media use: estimated daily time on social media and problematic social media use. Next, using binary logistic regression, we assessed associations between social isolation and social media use. RESULTS Our analyses failed to identify a relationship between perceived social isolation and estimated daily time on social media; however, higher problematic social media use was associated with higher perceived social isolation (OR 1.17). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Although no causal attribution can be made, our findings demonstrate an association between problematic social media use and perceived social isolation in older adults. Researchers conducting social media interventions in older adults should note this potential and monitor maladaptive use of these platforms. Overall, our results provide an important starting point for future studies on social media use and social isolation in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dar Meshi
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA,
| | - Shelia R Cotten
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew R Bender
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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127
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Fuss BG, Dorstyn D, Ward L. Computer-mediated communication and social support among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review of cross-sectional data. Australas J Ageing 2019; 38:e103-e113. [PMID: 31379102 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically assess the relationship between computer-mediated communication and social function in older adults aged 55 or older. METHODS Embase, PsycINFO and PubMed were searched (database inception to December 2018). Where available, effect sizes (correlation r) with 95% confidence intervals and P values were calculated for individual studies. Of 4,139 eligible articles retrieved, 17 studies involving a pooled sample of 17,640 participants were included. RESULTS Frequent computer-mediated communication was significantly, albeit weakly, associated with higher levels of social support and connectedness (r range = 0.08 to 0.33, P < 0.05). One discrepant negative relationship was noted (r = -0.16, 95% CI [-0.30, -0.02], P = 0.03), involving a distinct sample of gamers. CONCLUSIONS Computer-mediated communication is related to amount of social functioning in older adults, although the causal nature of this relationship requires further longitudinal investigation. Sample confounds (eg socio-economic status and successful ageing) may limit the interpretation of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda G Fuss
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Diana Dorstyn
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lynn Ward
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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128
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Schehl B, Leukel J, Sugumaran V. Understanding differentiated internet use in older adults: A study of informational, social, and instrumental online activities. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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129
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Marston HR, Genoe R, Freeman S, Kulczycki C, Musselwhite C. Older Adults' Perceptions of ICT: Main Findings from the Technology In Later Life (TILL) Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2019; 7:healthcare7030086. [PMID: 31277387 PMCID: PMC6787574 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7030086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Technology is entwined in 21st Century society, and within the lives of people across all ages. The Technology In Later Life (TILL) study is the first piece of work contributing to the impact, behavior, and perception of technology use, by adults aged ≥70 years, residing in rural and suburban areas. TILL is an international, multi-centred, multi-methods study investigating and conceptualizing how various technologies impact the lives of older adults; residing in urban and rural locations in the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada. This in-depth study recruited 37 participants via a multi-methods approach. Analysis of the findings ascertained two overarching themes: facilitators of technology use (i.e., sharing of information and feeling secure), and detractors of technology (i.e., feelings of apprehension of use). Proposed recommendations include promotion of technology from a strengths-based perspective focusing on positive opportunities technology to improve health and wellbeing, creating a peer support network to assist with learning of new technology, and the need to examine further how intergenerational relationships may be enhanced through the use of technology. The distinction of these themes narrates to the originality of this initial study and milieu of recruited participants, intersecting across the fields of gerontology, geography, social sciences, and gerontechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ramsden Marston
- Health and Wellbeing Priority Research Area, School of Health, Wellbeing and Social Care, The Open University, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire Milton Keynes MK7 6BJ, UK.
| | - Rebecca Genoe
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Shannon Freeman
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Cory Kulczycki
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
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The Best Day of the Week: New Technology Enhancing Quality of Life in a Care Home. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16061000. [PMID: 30893945 PMCID: PMC6466428 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16061000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Older people living in residential aged care facilities tend to be physically as well as socially inactive, which leads to poorer health and reduced wellbeing. A lack of recognition of the importance of social support, limited resources, lack of training and task-oriented work routines leave little time for staff to meet the social needs of residents. Through qualitative ethnographic fieldwork, this study investigates the potential for new technologies to enhance quality of life and facilitate meaningful engagement in physical and social activities among culturally and linguistically diverse residents and staff in care facilities. A continuum from nonparticipation to full participation among residents was observed when Touch Screen Technology activities were implemented. Data indicate that resident’s engagement is impacted by five interdependent factors, including environmental, organisational, caregiver, patient, and management- &government-related. Findings show that new technologies can be used to increase meaningful physical and social engagement, including transcending language and cultural barriers. However, the successful application of new technologies to enhance quality of life is dependent on their integration into the daily routine and social relationships of staff and residents, with the full support of management. Guidelines governing the use of new technologies to support meaningful engagement of older people in residential care are lacking: this project highlights the importance of attention to the social relational dimensions of technology interventions to support best practice in their use.
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131
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Fang Y, Chau AKC, Fung HH, Woo J. Loneliness Shapes the Relationship between Information and Communications Technology Use and Psychological Adjustment among Older Adults. Gerontology 2019; 65:198-206. [PMID: 30814472 DOI: 10.1159/000495461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given findings that generally support the benefits of information and communication technology (ICT) for older adults' psychosocial adjustment, one might surmise that lonely older adults, who have a stronger need for psychological support, would reap more psychosocial benefits from ICT use. However, scant research has examined this view, much less the likelihood that ICT use might worsen the psychological well-being of lonely older adults, as has been shown to be the case in younger adults. OBJECTIVE To examine whether the association between ICT use and psychological adjustment (i.e., psychological distress and sense of community [SOC]) among older adults depends on their loneliness levels. METHODS A representative sample of 738 Hong Kong SAR Chinese older adults aged 60 years or older (56% female) was interviewed in 2017 on loneliness, frequency of ICT use (i.e., Internet and smart devices), psychological distress (6-item Kessler scale; K6), and SOC. RESULTS Regression analyses showed that loneliness significantly moderated the relationship between ICT use frequency and psychological adjustment (psychological distress and SOC); more frequent ICT use was associated with more psychological distress and less SOC, with higher levels of loneliness. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ICT use may be a mixed blessing for older adults, i.e., using more ICT might predict worse psychological adjustment among lonelier older adults. Efforts that promote ICT use among older adults should take their loneliness levels into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fang
- CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong,
| | - Anson K C Chau
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Helene H Fung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Jean Woo
- CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
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132
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Saeed N, Manzoor M, Khosravi P. An exploration of usability issues in telecare monitoring systems and possible solutions: a systematic literature review. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2019; 15:271-281. [DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2019.1578998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Saeed
- Informatics Department, Jonkoping International Business School, Jonkoping, Sweden
| | - Mirfa Manzoor
- Department of Computer Science, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Pouria Khosravi
- Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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133
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Vázquez A, Jenaro C, Flores N, Bagnato MJ, Pérez MC, Cruz M. E-Health Interventions for Adult and Aging Population With Intellectual Disability: A Review. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2323. [PMID: 30534103 PMCID: PMC6275307 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To answer the question about which e-health and e-therapy applications are being used with people with intellectual disabilities, we searched the PsycINFO, Medline, PubMed, ERIC, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. This is an extensive search. Inclusion criteria were academic journals and any design type that addressed the topic of interest. Studies that do not include adults or elderly, and studies that do not focus on people with disabilities but on third parties, were excluded. After an initial selection of 515 articles, 32 full-text articles were subjected to in-depth analysis leading to the final selection of 18 articles. We used the AAID framework definition of intellectual disability to analyze the dimensions explored by the selected studies and found that the majority of studies focused on the use of technology as supports to instrumental activities of daily life. The ISO classification of assistive products allowed us to identify that many e-health products are aimed at providing psychological or medical treatment. In summary, this review suggests that there is a very small number of studies focusing on the use of technology by older persons with intellectual disabilities. The studies present substantial limitations regarding generalization and replication and pay little attention to the maintenance of cognitive abilities in this population. These aspects, together with premature aging generally associated with many conditions that lead to intellectual disability, underscore the need to pay more attention to and develop e-health interventions for cognitive stimulation for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vázquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Jenaro
- Facultad de Psicología/INICO, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noelia Flores
- Facultad de Psicología/INICO, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María José Bagnato
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ma Carmen Pérez
- Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Maribel Cruz
- Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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134
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Fang Y, Chau AKC, Wong A, Fung HH, Woo J. Information and communicative technology use enhances psychological well-being of older adults: the roles of age, social connectedness, and frailty status. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:1516-1524. [PMID: 28777010 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1358354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Information and communicative technology (ICT) use is a potential vehicle for improving the psychological well-being (PWB) of older people. We examined the roles of age, frailty, and social connectedness in the relationship between ICT use and PWB. METHOD Telephone interviews were conducted in mid-2016 with 1201 participants aged 50 and above (55.7% female) residing in Hong Kong, China. The participants reported PWB, ICT use (frequency of using the Internet and smart devices), frailty status, contact with family, friends, and neighbors, self-rated health, subjective financial sufficiency, education level, and employment status. RESULTS We found that the association between ICT and PWB was moderated by age: ICT was associated with PWB only among old-olds (75+), but not in other age groups. This moderation was mediated by contact with family, but not with friends or neighbors. The moderation was further qualified by frailty status: the ICT-by-age moderation was found only among frail, but not pre-frail or robust older adults. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that ICT use can potentially enhance the PWB of older adults aged 75+ through facilitating their contact with family members. These benefits might be particularly salient for those who were frail. Improving ICT access and literacy among older adults may be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fang
- a CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Sha Tin , Hong Kong
| | - Anson K C Chau
- a CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Sha Tin , Hong Kong
| | - Anna Wong
- a CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Sha Tin , Hong Kong
| | - Helene H Fung
- b Department of Psychology , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Sha Tin , Hong Kong
| | - Jean Woo
- a CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Sha Tin , Hong Kong.,c Department of Medicine and Therapeutics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Sha Tin , Hong Kong
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135
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Baker S, Warburton J, Waycott J, Batchelor F, Hoang T, Dow B, Ozanne E, Vetere F. Combatting social isolation and increasing social participation of older adults through the use of technology: A systematic review of existing evidence. Australas J Ageing 2018; 37:184-193. [PMID: 30022583 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are growing concerns that social isolation presents risks to older people's health and well-being. Thus, the objective of the review was to explore how technology is currently being utilised to combat social isolation and increase social participation, hence improving social outcomes for older people. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted across the social science and human-computer interaction databases. RESULTS A total of 36 papers met the inclusion criteria and were analysed using a four-step process. Findings were threefold, suggesting that: (i) technologies principally utilised social network services and touch-screen technologies; (ii) social outcomes are often ill-defined or not defined at all; and (iii) methodologies used to evaluate interventions were often limited and small-scale. CONCLUSION Results suggest a need for studies that examine new and innovative forms of technology, evaluated with rigorous methodologies, and drawing on clear definitions about how these technologies address social isolation/participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Baker
- Microsoft Research Centre for Social Natural User Interfaces, School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeni Warburton
- John Richards Initiative, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jenny Waycott
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Thuong Hoang
- Microsoft Research Centre for Social Natural User Interfaces, School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Briony Dow
- National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Ozanne
- Department of Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Vetere
- Microsoft Research Centre for Social Natural User Interfaces, School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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136
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The Technology Integration Model (TIM). Predicting the continued use of technology. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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137
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The Design of New Technology Supporting Wellbeing, Independence and Social Participation, for Older Adults Domiciled in Residential Homes and/or Assisted Living Communities. TECHNOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/technologies6010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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138
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Poscia A, Stojanovic J, La Milia DI, Duplaga M, Grysztar M, Moscato U, Onder G, Collamati A, Ricciardi W, Magnavita N. Interventions targeting loneliness and social isolation among the older people: An update systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2017; 102:133-144. [PMID: 29199121 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to summarize and update the current knowledge on the effectiveness of the existing interventions for alleviating loneliness and social isolation among older persons. A search of PubMed, ISI Web of science, SCOPUS, The Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases was performed. The terminology combined all possible alternatives of the following keywords: social isolation, loneliness, old people, intervention and effectiveness. Eligible studies were published between January 2011 and February 2016 in English or Italian language and regarded the implementation of loneliness/social isolation interventions among the older generations. Outcome measures in terms of the intervention effects needed to be reported. In total, 15 quantitative and five qualitative studies were ultimately included in this review. Eighteen interventions were reported across the quantitative studies. Six out of 11 group interventions (55%), one out of four mixed interventions (25%) and all three individual interventions reported at least one significant finding related to loneliness or social isolation. Our review suggested that new technologies and community engaged arts might be seen as a promising tool for tackling social isolation and loneliness among the older individuals. Future studies need to work on methodological quality and take into consideration the suggestions of the present literature in order to provide firm evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Poscia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Jovana Stojanovic
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Ignazio La Milia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariusz Duplaga
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Grysztar
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Umberto Moscato
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Graziano Onder
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Collamati
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Walter Ricciardi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Magnavita
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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139
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Barbosa Neves B, Franz R, Judges R, Beermann C, Baecker R. Can Digital Technology Enhance Social Connectedness Among Older Adults? A Feasibility Study. J Appl Gerontol 2017; 38:49-72. [DOI: 10.1177/0733464817741369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the feasibility of a novel communication technology to enhance social connectedness among older adults in residential care. Research suggests that technology can create opportunities for social connectedness, helping alleviate social isolation and loneliness. Studies on implementation and feasibility of such technological interventions, particularly among frail and institutionalized older adults, are scant. Data were gathered in a 3-month deployment with 12 older adults, including semistructured interviews with participants and relatives/friends, psychometric scales, field observations, and usability tests. Data were analyzed with qualitative profiling, thematic analysis, and Friedman tests. The technology was a feasible communication tool, although requiring an adaptation period. Use increased perceived social interaction with ties, but increased social connectedness (meaningful social interaction) was only reported by participants with geographically distant relatives. Sense of well-being and confidence with technology was enhanced, but negative effects were also observed. Findings are useful for researchers and practitioners interested in technological interventions.
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140
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Rezvani A, Khosravi P, Dong L. Motivating users toward continued usage of information systems: Self-determination theory perspective. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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141
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King AC, Dwan C. Electronic memory aids for people with dementia experiencing prospective memory loss: A review of empirical studies. DEMENTIA 2017; 18:1994-2007. [DOI: 10.1177/1471301217735180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper details a review of the literature on the use of electronic aids for prospective memory for people with dementia. Key findings of the review are that: electronic memory aids show potential for supporting people’s prospective memory but the devices and software applications need further development in order to function reliably; sample sizes of studies are often very small, limiting the generalisability of their findings; few studies of devices are conducted in users’ home environments; and most of the studies focus on the effectiveness of the electronic memory aid, rather than outcomes for users, such as improved daily functioning, quality of life, or social connectedness. The review concludes that future studies with robust devices are required that explicitly focus on the varying needs and capacities of people with dementia, in order to generate additional evidence for the effectiveness of electronic memory aids for this cohort.
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142
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Chipps J, Jarvis MA, Ramlall S. The effectiveness of e-Interventions on reducing social isolation in older persons: A systematic review of systematic reviews. J Telemed Telecare 2017; 23:817-827. [PMID: 28958209 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x17733773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
As the older adult population group has been increasing in size, there has been evidence of growing social isolation and loneliness in their lives. The increased use of information communication technology and Internet-supported interventions has stimulated an interest in the benefits of e-Interventions for older people and specifically in having a role in increasing social networks and decreasing loneliness. A systematic review of e-Interventions to reduce loneliness in older people was conducted with the aim to synthesize high quality evidence on the effectiveness of e-Interventions to decrease social isolation/loneliness for older people living in community/residential care. A systematic search of 12 databases for reviews published between 2000-2017 was conducted using search term synonyms for older people, social isolation and interventions. Three independent researchers screened articles and two reviewers extracted data. The Revised-Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews was used to assess the quality of reviews. The final search identified 12 reviews, which included 22 unique primary research studies evaluating e-Interventions for social isolation or loneliness. The reviews were of moderate quality and the primary studies showed a lack of rigor. Loneliness was most frequently measured using the University California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale. Despite the limitations of the reviewed studies, there is inconsistent and weak evidence on using e-Interventions for loneliness in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Ann Jarvis
- 2 School of Nursing and Public Health, 72753 University of KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa
| | - Suvira Ramlall
- 3 School of Clinical Medicine, 72753 University of KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa
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143
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Supporting Optimal Aging through the Innovative Use of Virtual Reality Technology. MULTIMODAL TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERACTION 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/mti1040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although virtual reality (VR) technology has been implemented as a tool to address the health issues of older adults, its applicability to social connectedness is underrepresented in the literature, and less is known about its efficacy in this area in contributing to overall wellness and well-being in later life. Expanding the VR possibilities beyond traditional entertainment purposes holds considerable potential for the older adult market. Technological tools have been employed in the elder health care field for many years, and cutting-edge developments such as virtual and augmented reality have begun to be used to facilitate optimal wellness in aging. Such technological advances have the potential to significantly impact one of the most important issues that older people face: social isolation and loneliness. This paper will serve as an introductory exploration of what is currently known about the use of virtual reality technology with an older cohort.
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144
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Ball C, Francis J, Huang KT, Kadylak T, Cotten SR, Rikard RV. The Physical-Digital Divide: Exploring the Social Gap Between Digital Natives and Physical Natives. J Appl Gerontol 2017; 38:1167-1184. [PMID: 29165009 DOI: 10.1177/0733464817732518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults are the most digitally divided demographic group. The present study explores how older adults perceive the physical use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), particularly across generations and contexts. Data for the present study come from nine focus groups. Seniors acknowledge that ICTs help them connect with geographically distant social ties, but that they lead to feelings of disconnection with geographically close social ties. We label this phenomenon the "physical-digital divide," which exists when a group feels ostracized or offended when those around them engage with ICTs while they themselves are not or cannot engage with ICTs. Younger generations are often referred to as "digital natives" and older generations as "digital immigrants." A more apt label for older adults may be "physical natives," as their preferred method of communication involves physical face-to-face interactions and traditional codes of etiquette. Suggestions are made for reducing the physical-digital divide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - R V Rikard
- 1 Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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145
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Berg T, Winterton R, Petersen M, Warburton J. ‘Although we're isolated, we're not really isolated’: The value of information and communication technology for older people in rural Australia. Australas J Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Turi Berg
- John Richards Initiative School of Science, Health and Engineering La Trobe University Wodonga Victoria Australia
| | - Rachel Winterton
- John Richards Initiative School of Science, Health and Engineering La Trobe University Wodonga Victoria Australia
| | - Maree Petersen
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Jeni Warburton
- John Richards Initiative School of Science, Health and Engineering La Trobe University Wodonga Victoria Australia
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