101
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Jiang H, Fu J, Li M, Wang S, Zhuang B, Sun H, Ge C, Feng B, Jin Y. 3D-Printed Wearable Personalized Orthodontic Retainers for Sustained Release of Clonidine Hydrochloride. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:260. [PMID: 31332579 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1460-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic retainers are wearable customizable medical devices for dental protection or alignment. Here, clonidine hydrochloride (CH)-loaded wearable personalized 3D printed orthodontic retainers were studied for local sustained-release of drugs. CH powders were mixed with PEG 4000, Tween 80, poly(lactic acid), and polycaprolactone. The mixture was hot-melt extruded to form a filament that was 3D printed to a customizable original orthodontic retainer with the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. The original retainer showed a burst release of CH in the early stage of the dissolution process though a sustained release appeared in the late stage. The in vivo burst release of CH would lead to unexpected side effect. The original retainer was modified by coating with hydrophilic polymers or washing with buffered solutions to obtain the coated or washed retainer. The coated retainer still showed a burst release while the washed retainer showed an optimal sustained release. Many CH microparticles existed on the surface of original retainers according to the scanning electron microscopic image so that the burst release was unavoidable. The hydrophilic polymer coating method did not change the release profile because the polymer was also rapidly dissolved. However, most of the surface CH can be eliminated by washing so that the burst release dissappeared in the washed retainer. Furthermore, the simulated CH concentration-time profiles in the circulation of humans of the washed retainer showed the stable and appropriate drug levels for more than 3 days. Wearable personalized 3D printed drug-loaded orthodontic retainers are a promising drug-device for sustained release of drugs.
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102
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Towards Printed Pediatric Medicines in Hospital Pharmacies: Comparison of 2D and 3D-Printed Orodispersible Warfarin Films with Conventional Oral Powders in Unit Dose Sachets. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11070334. [PMID: 31337146 PMCID: PMC6680667 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the lack of age-appropriate medicines for many indications results in dose manipulation of commercially available dosage forms, commonly resulting in inaccurate doses. Various printing technologies have recently been explored in the pharmaceutical field due to the flexible and precise nature of the techniques. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the currently used method to produce patient-tailored warfarin doses at HUS Pharmacy in Finland with two innovative printing techniques. Dosage forms of various strengths (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg) were prepared utilizing semisolid extrusion 3D printing, inkjet printing and the established compounding procedure for oral powders in unit dose sachets (OPSs). Orodispersible films (ODFs) drug-loaded with warfarin were prepared by means of printing using hydroxypropylcellulose as a film-forming agent. The OPSs consisted of commercially available warfarin tablets and lactose monohydrate as a filler. The ODFs resulted in thin and flexible films showing acceptable ODF properties. Moreover, the printed ODFs displayed improved drug content compared to the established OPSs. All dosage forms were found to be stable over the one-month stability study and suitable for administration through a naso-gastric tube, thus, enabling administration to all possible patient groups in a hospital ward. This work demonstrates the potential of utilizing printing technologies for the production of on-demand patient-specific doses and further discusses the advantages and limitations of each method.
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103
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Chandekar A, Mishra DK, Sharma S, Saraogi GK, Gupta U, Gupta G. 3D Printing Technology: A New Milestone in the Development of Pharmaceuticals. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:937-945. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190507115504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The global market of pharmaceuticals has witnessed a new revolution recently in the form of threedimensional
printing (3D) technology. 3D printing has its existence since the 1980s that uses a 3D printer to
manufacture the different dosage forms through computer-aided drug design technology. The need for 3D printing
is due to numerous advantages like personalized medicine, tailored doses, rapid disintegration in case of SLS
technique, incorporation of high doses and taste masking capacity. The different techniques used in 3D printing
are Powder based (PB), Semi-solid extrusion (EXT), Fused deposition modeling (FDM), Stereolithographic
(SLA) and Selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing. However, from the latest reports of association of pharmaceutical
3D printing technology, it is evidenced that this technology is still in its infancy and its potential is yet to
be fully explored. The present review includes sections for introduction and scope of 3D printing, personalized
medicines and their approaches, historical aspects, research milestones, and various 3D printing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Chandekar
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shirpur (Maharashtra), India
| | - Dinesh K. Mishra
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shirpur (Maharashtra), India
| | - Sanjay Sharma
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shirpur (Maharashtra), India
| | - Gaurav K. Saraogi
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shirpur (Maharashtra), India
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
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104
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Goyanes A, Madla CM, Umerji A, Duran Piñeiro G, Giraldez Montero JM, Lamas Diaz MJ, Gonzalez Barcia M, Taherali F, Sánchez-Pintos P, Couce ML, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Automated therapy preparation of isoleucine formulations using 3D printing for the treatment of MSUD: First single-centre, prospective, crossover study in patients. Int J Pharm 2019; 567:118497. [PMID: 31279771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare metabolic disorder with a worldwide prevalence of 1 in every 185,000 live births. However, certain populations display a significant overexpression of the disorder where incidence is reported to be 1 in every 52,541 new-borns. The first-line therapy for MSUD involves a strict dietary leucine restriction and oral supplementation of isoleucine and valine. The dose administered to patients requires strict tailoring according to age, weight and blood levels. In current clinical practice, however, practitioners still have to prepare extemporaneous formulations due to the lack of suitable oral treatments for MSUD. Herein, we evaluate the first time use of 3D printing in a hospital setting for the preparation of personalised therapies with the aim of improving safety and acceptability to isoleucine supplementation in paediatric patients suffering from MSUD. This investigation was a single-centre, prospective crossover experimental study. Four paediatric patients with MSUD (aged 3-16 years) were treated at the Clinic University Hospital in Santiago de Compostela, Spain which is a MSUD reference hospital in Europe. The primary objective was to evaluate isoleucine blood levels after six months of treatment with two types of formulations; conventional capsules prepared by manual compounding and personalised chewable formulations prepared by automated 3D printing. A secondary investigation was to evaluate patient acceptability of 3D printed formulations prepared with different flavours and colours. Isoleucine blood levels in patients were well controlled using both types of formulations, however, the 3D printed therapy showed mean levels closer to the target value and with less variability (200-400 µM). The 3D printed formulations were well accepted by patients regarding flavour and colour. The study demonstrates for the first time that 3D printing offers a feasible, rapid and automated approach to prepare oral tailored-dose therapies in a hospital setting. 3D printing has shown to be an effective manufacturing technology in producing chewable isoleucine printlets as a treatment of MSUD with good acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Goyanes
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Christine M Madla
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Aysha Umerji
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Goretti Duran Piñeiro
- Pharmacy Department, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Travesía Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Giraldez Montero
- Pharmacy Department, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Travesía Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - María Jesús Lamas Diaz
- Pharmacy Department, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Travesía Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Miguel Gonzalez Barcia
- Pharmacy Department, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Travesía Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Farhan Taherali
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Paula Sánchez-Pintos
- Servicio de Neonatología, Unidad de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Metabólicas Congénitas, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, CIBERER, MetabERN, Spain
| | - Maria-Luz Couce
- Servicio de Neonatología, Unidad de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Metabólicas Congénitas, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, CIBERER, MetabERN, Spain
| | - Simon Gaisford
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Abdul W Basit
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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105
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Goyanes A, Allahham N, Trenfield SJ, Stoyanov E, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Direct powder extrusion 3D printing: Fabrication of drug products using a novel single-step process. Int J Pharm 2019; 567:118471. [PMID: 31252147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is revolutionising how we envision manufacturing in the pharmaceutical field. Here, we report for the first time the use of direct powder extrusion 3D printing: a novel single-step printing process for the production of printlets (3D printed tablets) directly from powdered materials. This new 3D printing technology was used to prepare amorphous solid dispersions of itraconazole using four different grades of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC - UL, SSL, SL and L). All of the printlets showed good mechanical and physical characteristics and no drug degradation. The printlets showed sustained drug release characteristics, with drug concentrations higher than the solubility of the drug itself. The printlets prepared with the ultra-low molecular grade (HPC - UL) showed faster drug release compared with the other HPC grades, attributed to the fact that itraconazole was found in a higher percentage as an amorphous solid dispersion. This work demonstrates the potential of this innovate technology to overcome one of the major disadvantages of fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing by avoiding the need for preparation of filaments by hot melt extrusion (HME). This novel single-step technology could revolutionise the preparation of amorphous solid dispersions as final formulations and it may be especially suited for preclinical studies, where the quantity of drugs is limited and without the need of using traditional HME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Goyanes
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Nour Allahham
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK
| | - Sarah J Trenfield
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Edmont Stoyanov
- Nisso Chemical Europe GmbH, Berliner Allee 42, 40212 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon Gaisford
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Abdul W Basit
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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106
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Successful oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs both depends on the intraluminal behavior of drugs and of appropriate advanced drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 137:104967. [PMID: 31252052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble drugs continue to be a problematic, yet important class of pharmaceutical compounds for treatment of a wide range of diseases. Their prevalence in discovery is still high, and their development is usually limited by our lack of a complete understanding of how the complex chemical, physiological and biochemical processes that occur between administration and absorption individually and together impact on bioavailability. This review defines the challenge presented by these drugs, outlines contemporary strategies to solve this challenge, and consequent in silico and in vitro evaluation of the delivery technologies for poorly water-soluble drugs. The next steps and unmet needs are proposed to present a roadmap for future studies for the field to consider enabling progress in delivery of poorly water-soluble compounds.
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107
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3D Printing of a Multi-Layered Polypill Containing Six Drugs Using a Novel Stereolithographic Method. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11060274. [PMID: 31212649 PMCID: PMC6630370 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has demonstrated great potential for multi-material fabrication because of its capability for printing bespoke and spatially separated material conformations. Such a concept could revolutionise the pharmaceutical industry, enabling the production of personalised, multi-layered drug products on demand. Here, we developed a novel stereolithographic (SLA) 3D printing method that, for the first time, can be used to fabricate multi-layer constructs (polypills) with variable drug content and/or shape. Using this technique, six drugs, including paracetamol, caffeine, naproxen, chloramphenicol, prednisolone and aspirin, were printed with different geometries and material compositions. Drug distribution was visualised using Raman microscopy, which showed that whilst separate layers were successfully printed, several of the drugs diffused across the layers depending on their amorphous or crystalline phase. The printed constructs demonstrated excellent physical properties and the different material inclusions enabled distinct drug release profiles of the six actives within dissolution tests. For the first time, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of SLA printing as an innovative platform for multi-drug therapy production, facilitating a new era of personalised polypills.
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108
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3D printed oral theophylline doses with innovative ‘radiator-like’ design: Impact of polyethylene oxide (PEO) molecular weight. Int J Pharm 2019; 564:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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109
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MR Imaging-Histology Correlation by Tailored 3D-Printed Slicer in Oncological Assessment. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:1071453. [PMID: 31275082 PMCID: PMC6560325 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1071453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3D printing and reverse engineering are innovative technologies that are revolutionizing scientific research in the health sciences and related clinical practice. Such technologies are able to improve the development of various custom-made medical devices while also lowering design and production costs. Recent advances allow the printing of particularly complex prototypes whose geometry is drawn from precise computer models designed on in vivo imaging data. This review summarizes a new method for histological sample processing (applicable to e.g., the brain, prostate, liver, and renal mass) which employs a personalized mold developed from diagnostic images through computer-aided design software and 3D printing. Through positioning the custom mold in a coherent manner with respect to the organ of interest (as delineated by in vivo imaging data), the cutting instrument can be precisely guided in order to obtain blocks of tissue which correspond with high accuracy to the slices imaged. This approach appeared crucial for validation of new quantitative imaging tools, for an accurate imaging-histopathological correlation and for the assessment of radiogenomic features extracted from oncological lesions. The aim of this review is to define and describe 3D printing technologies which are applicable to oncological assessment and slicer design, highlighting the radiological and pathological perspective as well as recent applications of this approach for the histological validation of and correlation with MR images.
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110
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Vithani K, Goyanes A, Jannin V, Basit AW, Gaisford S, Boyd BJ. A Proof of Concept for 3D Printing of Solid Lipid-Based Formulations of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs to Control Formulation Dispersion Kinetics. Pharm Res 2019; 36:102. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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111
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Elbadawi M. Rheological and Mechanical Investigation into the Effect of Different Molecular Weight Poly(ethylene glycol)s on Polycaprolactone-Ciprofloxacin Filaments. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5412-5423. [PMID: 31459706 PMCID: PMC6648292 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fused deposition fabrication (FDF) three-dimensional printing is a potentially transformative technology for fabricating pharmaceuticals. The state-of-the-art technology is still in its infancy and requires a concerted effort to realize its potential. One aspect includes the processing parameters of FDF and the effect of formulation thereto, which, to date, have not been thoroughly investigated. To progress understanding, the effect of different molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEG) on polycaprolactone (PCL) loaded with ciprofloxacin (CIP) was investigated. A rheometer was used, and adapted accordingly, to analyze three processing aspects pertaining to FDF: viscosity, solidification, and adhesion. The results revealed that both CIP and PEG affected all three processing parameters. The salient findings were that the ternary blend with 10% w/w PEG 8000 exhibited rheological and adhesive properties ideal for FDF, as it provided a desirably shear-thinning filament that solidified rapidly, and improved the adhesion strength, in comparison to both the PCL-CIP binary blend and other ternary blends. In contrast, the ternary blend with 15% w/w PEG 200 was unfavorable; despite having a greater plasticizing effect, whereby the viscosity was markedly reduced, the sample provided no benefit to the solidification behavior of PCL-CIP and, in addition, failed to display adhesive behavior, which is a necessity for a successful print in FDF. The original findings herein set the precedent that the effect of drug and PEG on FDF processing should be considered beyond solely modifying the viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elbadawi
- Control Engineering Group,
Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
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112
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Awad A, Fina F, Trenfield SJ, Patel P, Goyanes A, Gaisford S, Basit AW. 3D Printed Pellets (Miniprintlets): A Novel, Multi-Drug, Controlled Release Platform Technology. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11040148. [PMID: 30934899 PMCID: PMC6523578 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11040148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a single-step three-dimensional printing (3DP) process that can be leveraged to engineer a wide array of drug delivery systems. The aim of this work was to utilise SLS 3DP, for the first time, to produce small oral dosage forms with modified release properties. As such, paracetamol-loaded 3D printed multiparticulates, termed miniprintlets, were fabricated in 1 mm and 2 mm diameters. Despite their large surface area compared with a conventional monolithic tablet, the ethyl cellulose-based miniprintlets exhibited prolonged drug release patterns. The possibility of producing miniprintlets combining two drugs, namely paracetamol and ibuprofen, was also investigated. By varying the polymer, the dual miniprintlets were programmed to achieve customised drug release patterns, whereby one drug was released immediately from a Kollicoat Instant Release matrix, whilst the effect of the second drug was sustained over an extended time span using ethyl cellulose. Herein, this work has highlighted the versatility of SLS 3DP to fabricate small and intricate formulations containing multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients with distinct release properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atheer Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Fabrizio Fina
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Sarah J Trenfield
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Pavanesh Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK.
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R + D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Simon Gaisford
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK.
| | - Abdul W Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
- FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK.
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113
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Afsana, Jain V, Haider N, Jain K. 3D Printing in Personalized Drug Delivery. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5062-5071. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190215122208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Personalized medicines are becoming more popular as they enable the use of patient’s
genomics and hence help in better drug design with fewer side effects. In fact, several doses can be combined into
one dosage form which suits the patient’s demography. 3 Dimensional (3D) printing technology for personalized
medicine is a modern day treatment method based on genomics of patient.
Methods:
3D printing technology uses digitally controlled devices for formulating API and excipients in a layer
by layer pattern for developing a suitable personalized drug delivery system as per the need of patient. It includes
various techniques like inkjet printing, fused deposition modelling which can further be classified into continuous
inkjet system and drop on demand. In order to formulate such dosage forms, scientists have used various polymers
to enhance their acceptance as well as therapeutic efficacy. Polymers like polyvinyl alcohol, poly (lactic
acid) (PLA), poly (caprolactone) (PCL) etc can be used during manufacturing.
Results:
Varying number of dosage forms can be produced using 3D printing technology including immediate
release tablets, pulsatile release tablets, and transdermal dosage forms etc. The 3D printing technology can be
explored successfully to develop personalized medicines which could play a vital role in the treatment of lifethreatening
diseases. Particularly, for patients taking multiple medicines, 3D printing method could be explored to
design a single dosage in which various drugs can be incorporated. Further 3D printing based personalized drug
delivery system could also be investigated in chemotherapy of cancer patients with the added advantage of the
reduction in adverse effects.
Conclusion:
In this article, we have reviewed 3D printing technology and its uses in personalized medicine.
Further, we also discussed the different techniques and materials used in drug delivery based on 3D printing along
with various applications of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsana
- Centre of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Jain
- Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafis Haider
- Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Keerti Jain
- Centre of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
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114
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Tian P, Yang F, Yu LP, Lin MM, Lin W, Lin QF, Lv ZF, Huang SY, Chen YZ. Applications of excipients in the field of 3D printed pharmaceuticals. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:905-913. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1576723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- College of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping Yu
- College of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Mei Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Lin
- College of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Feng Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu-Fen Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Dosage Forms of Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Araújo MRP, Sa-Barreto LL, Gratieri T, Gelfuso GM, Cunha-Filho M. The Digital Pharmacies Era: How 3D Printing Technology Using Fused Deposition Modeling Can Become a Reality. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11030128. [PMID: 30893842 PMCID: PMC6471727 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry is set to join the fourth industrial revolution with the 3D printing of medicines. The application of 3D printers in compounding pharmacies will turn them into digital pharmacies, wrapping up the telemedicine care cycle and definitively modifying the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of patients. Fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology melts extruded drug-loaded filaments into any dosage form; and allows the obtainment of flexible dosages with different shapes, multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients and modulated drug release kinetics—in other words, offering customized medicine. This work aimed to present an update on this technology, discussing its challenges. The co-participation of the pharmaceutical industry and compounding pharmacies seems to be the best way to turn this technology into reality. The pharmaceutical industry can produce drug-loaded filaments on a large scale with the necessary quality and safety guarantees; while digital pharmacies can transform the filaments into personalized medicine according to specific prescriptions. For this to occur, adaptations in commercial 3D printers will need to meet health requirements for drug products preparation, and it will be necessary to make advances in regulatory gaps and discussions on patent protection. Thus, despite the conservatism of the sector, 3D drug printing has the potential to become the biggest technological leap ever seen in the pharmaceutical segment, and according to the most optimistic prognostics, it will soon be within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa R P Araújo
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Livia L Sa-Barreto
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
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116
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Nukala PK, Palekar S, Solanki N, Fu Y, Patki M, Shohatee AA, Trombetta L, Patel K. Investigating the application of FDM 3D printing pattern in preparation of patient-tailored dosage forms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2018-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of printing pattern on physical attributes and dissolution of fused deposition modeling 3D printed caplets. Methods: Hydrochlorothiazide-loaded polyvinyl alcohol filaments were prepared by hot melt extrusion. Caplets printed in hexagonal (HexCap), diamond infill (DiaCap) in three different sizes using fused deposition modeling 3D printer and evaluated for hardness, disintegration and dissolution. Results: DiaCaps exhibited higher hardness than HexCaps. Disintegration time for HexCaps was <20 mins. while DiaCaps took 25–40 mins. DiaCaps showed 20–30% lower release at all time points compared with HexCaps. Conclusion: Although composition, processing parameters were same, mere change in printing pattern alters disintegration and dissolution. Findings of this study can be invaluable in developing patient-tailored medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar Nukala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Siddhant Palekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Nayan Solanki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Yige Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Manali Patki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ali A Shohatee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Louis Trombetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ketan Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Albert's Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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117
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Saviano M, Aquino RP, Del Gaudio P, Sansone F, Russo P. Poly(vinyl alcohol) 3D printed tablets: The effect of polymer particle size on drug loading and process efficiency. Int J Pharm 2019; 561:1-8. [PMID: 30817983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fused deposition modeling by 3D-printing is a rapid technique for the production of personalized drug dosage forms. One of the most delicate step of the whole process is the drug loading onto the thermoplastic polymer to obtain the drug-loaded filament used as feedstock for 3D FDM printers. With the aim of improving the drug loading, a systematic study on the influence of polymer size distribution on the quantity of drug able to adhere onto the polymer surface was conducted. Several solid mixtures were prepared, using five PVA batches (4000-5000 µm, 1000-2000 µm, 600-1000 µm, 250-600 µm, <250 µm) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride as active compound in different ratios. Operative specifics and printer's parameters were tuned for an optimal print of drug-loaded filaments into the desired dosage forms, i.e. cylindrical printlets, fully characterized in terms of homogeneity, process efficiency, physical properties, drug content and release kinetics. The PVA particle size affected the polymer ability to form homogeneous mixture with the drug and the efficiency of the extrusion process. In particular, finest PVA batches showed better processability and reduced the drug loss during the drug/polymer mixing and the extrusion process. Drug-loaded filaments with different drug concentrations were successfully printed and the obtained printlets dissolution profiles were almost superimposable, taking an important step for the future application of 3D-printing manufacturing process to obtain personalized galenic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Saviano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paola Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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118
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Linares V, Casas M, Caraballo I. Printfills: 3D printed systems combining fused deposition modeling and injection volume filling. Application to colon-specific drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 134:138-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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119
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Li F, Macdonald NP, Guijt RM, Breadmore MC. Increasing the functionalities of 3D printed microchemical devices by single material, multimaterial, and print-pause-print 3D printing. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 19:35-49. [PMID: 30475367 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00826d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
3D printing has emerged as a valuable approach for the fabrication of fluidic devices and may replace soft-lithography as the method of choice for rapid prototyping. The potential of this disruptive technology is much greater than this - it allows for functional integration in a single, highly automated manufacturing step in a cost and time effective manner. Integration of functionality with a 3D printer can be done through spatial configuration of a single material, inserting pre-made components mid-print in a print-pause-print approach, and/or through the precise spatial deposition of different materials with a multimaterial printer. This review provides an overview on the ways in which 3D printing has been exploited to create and use fluidic devices with different functionality, which provides a basis for critical reflection on the current deficiencies and future opportunities for integration by 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
| | - Niall P Macdonald
- Analytical-Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosanne M Guijt
- Deakin University, Centre for Rural and Regional Futures, Private Bag 20000, 3220 Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
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120
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Haque S, Md S, Whittaker M, Kaminskas LM. The Applications of 3D Printing in Pulmonary Drug Delivery and Treatment of Respiratory Disorders. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 24:5072-5080. [PMID: 30520370 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666181206123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary diseases are the third leading cause of morbidity worldwide, however treatment and diagnosis of these diseases continue to be challenging due to the complex anatomical structure as well as physiological processes in the lungs. METHODS 3D printing is progressively finding new avenues in the medical field and this technology is constantly being used for diseases where diagnosis and treatment heavily rely on the thorough understanding of complex structural-physiology relationships. The structural and functional complexity of the pulmonary system makes it well suited to 3D printing technology. RESULTS 3D printing can be used to deconstruct the complex anatomy of the lungs and improve our understanding of its physiological mechanisms, cell interactions and pathophysiology of pulmonary diseases. Thus, this technology can be quite helpful in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets, new drugs and devices for the treatment of lung diseases. CONCLUSION The intention of this review is to detail our current understanding of the applications of 3D printing in the design and evaluation of inhalable medicines and to provide an overview on its application in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases. This review also discusses other technical and regulatory challenges associated with the progression of 3D printing into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadabul Haque
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Whittaker
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Lisa M Kaminskas
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville VIC, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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121
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Palekar S, Nukala PK, Mishra SM, Kipping T, Patel K. Application of 3D printing technology and quality by design approach for development of age-appropriate pediatric formulation of baclofen. Int J Pharm 2018; 556:106-116. [PMID: 30513398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric population is a sensitive sector of the healthcare and pharmaceutical field with additional needs compared to the adult population. Extemporaneous formulations for children are generally prepared by manipulating adult formulations, but medication errors can result in suboptimal efficacy and with significant safety concerns. The aim of proposed project was to explore a 3D printing technology for the development of customized minicaplets of baclofen for the pediatric population. Based on results of 3-point bend test, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with sorbitol (10% w/w) were selected for preparation of baclofen loaded filaments using hot melt extrusion (HME). Effect of dimension, infill percentage and infill pattern on dose, disintegration time and release profile were investigated. Characteristic crystalline peaks of baclofen were absent in DSC thermograms and XRD pattern of filament and minicaplets. Minicaplets printed in diamond (fast) infill pattern with 100% infill showed higher disintegration time (38 mins) compared to linear, sharkfill and hexagonal pattern. 32 full factorial orthogonal design suggested that baclofen release (D50 and D85) was marginally affected by infill percentage but significantly affected by caplet dimension (p < 0.05). Thus, low cost FDM 3D printing technique can be a promising alternative for preparation of dose and release customized pediatric dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Palekar
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Pavan Kumar Nukala
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Saurabh M Mishra
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | | | - Ketan Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA.
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Aho J, Bøtker JP, Genina N, Edinger M, Arnfast L, Rantanen J. Roadmap to 3D-Printed Oral Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Feedstock Filament Properties and Characterization for Fused Deposition Modeling. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:26-35. [PMID: 30445005 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Application of additive manufacturing techniques (3D printing) for mass-customized products has boomed in the recent years. In pharmaceutical industry and research, the interest has grown particularly with the future scenario of more personalized medicinal products. Understanding a broad range of material properties and process behavior of the drug-excipient combinations is necessary for successful 3D printing of dosage forms. This commentary reviews recent 3D-printing studies by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique in pharmaceutical sciences, extending into the fields of polymer processing and rapid prototyping, where more in-depth studies on the feedstock material properties, modeling, and simulation of the FDM process have been performed. A case study of a model oral dosage form from custom-prepared indomethacin-polycaprolactone feedstock filament was used as an example in the pharmaceutical context. The printability was assessed in the different process steps: preparation of customized filaments for FDM, filament feeding, deposition, and solidification. These were linked with the rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties and their characterization, relevant for understanding the printability of drug products by FDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Aho
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Peter Bøtker
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natalja Genina
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magnus Edinger
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lærke Arnfast
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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123
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An Overview of 3D Printing Technologies for Soft Materials and Potential Opportunities for Lipid-based Drug Delivery Systems. Pharm Res 2018; 36:4. [PMID: 30406349 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a rapidly growing additive manufacturing process and it is predicted that the technology will transform the production of goods across numerous fields. In the pharmaceutical sector, 3DP has been used to develop complex dosage forms of different sizes and structures, dose variations, dose combinations and release characteristics, not possible to produce using traditional manufacturing methods. However, the technology has mainly been focused on polymer-based systems and currently, limited information is available about the potential opportunities for the 3DP of soft materials such as lipids. METHODS This review paper emphasises the most commonly used 3DP technologies for soft materials such as inkjet printing, binder jetting, selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography (SLA), fused deposition modeling (FDM) and semi-solid extrusion, with the current status of these technologies for soft materials in biological, food and pharmaceutical applications. RESULT The advantages of 3DP, particularly in the pharmaceutical field, are highlighted and an insight is provided about the current studies for lipid-based drug delivery systems evaluating the potential of 3DP to fabricate innovative products. Additionally, the challenges of the 3DP technologies associated with technical processing, regulatory and material issues of lipids are discussed in detail. CONCLUSION The future utility of 3DP for printing soft materials, particularly for lipid-based drug delivery systems, offers great advantages and the technology will potentially support patient compliance and drug effectiveness via a personalised medicine approach.
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124
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Trenfield SJ, Goyanes A, Telford R, Wilsdon D, Rowland M, Gaisford S, Basit AW. 3D printed drug products: Non-destructive dose verification using a rapid point-and-shoot approach. Int J Pharm 2018; 549:283-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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125
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Alomari M, Vuddanda PR, Trenfield SJ, Dodoo CC, Velaga S, Basit AW, Gaisford S. Printing T 3 and T 4 oral drug combinations as a novel strategy for hypothyroidism. Int J Pharm 2018; 549:363-369. [PMID: 30063938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is a chronic and debilitating disease that is estimated to affect 3% of the general population. Clinical experience has highlighted the synergistic value of combining triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) for persistent or recurrent symptoms. However, thus far a platform that enables the simultaneous and independent dosing of more than one drug for oral administration has not been developed. Thermal inkjet (TIJ) 2D printing is a potential solution to enable the dual deposition of T3 and T4 onto orodispersible films (ODFs) for therapy personalisation. In this study, a two-cartridge TIJ printer was modified such that it could print separate solutions of T3 and T4. Dose adjustments were achieved by printing solutions adjacent to each other, enabling therapeutic T3 (15-50 μg) and T4 dosages (60-180 μg) to be successfully printed. Excellent linearity was observed between the theoretical and measured dose for both T3 and T4 (R2 = 0.982 and 0.985, respectively) by changing the length of the print objective (Y-value). Rapid disintegration of the ODFs was achieved (<45 s). As such, this study for the first time demonstrates the ability to produce personalised dose combinations by TIJ printing T3 and T4 onto the same substrate for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alomari
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Parameswara R Vuddanda
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; Pharmaceutical and Biomaterial Research Group, Division of Medical Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden
| | - Sarah J Trenfield
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Cornelius C Dodoo
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Sitaram Velaga
- Pharmaceutical and Biomaterial Research Group, Division of Medical Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden
| | - Abdul W Basit
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Simon Gaisford
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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Trenfield SJ, Madla CM, Basit AW, Gaisford S. The Shape of Things to Come: Emerging Applications of 3D Printing in Healthcare. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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127
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Khairuzzaman A. Regulatory Perspectives on 3D Printing in Pharmaceuticals. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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128
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A New Dimension: 4D Printing Opportunities in Pharmaceutics. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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3D Printing Technologies, Implementation and Regulation: An Overview. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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130
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Fused Deposition Modelling: Advances in Engineering and Medicine. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Fina F, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Powder Bed Fusion: The Working Process, Current Applications and Opportunities. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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The History, Developments and Opportunities of Stereolithography. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Trenfield SJ, Madla CM, Basit AW, Gaisford S. Binder Jet Printing in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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134
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The Role of Semi-Solid Extrusion Printing in Clinical Practice. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90755-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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