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Betancur LI, Muñoz DL, Guillen A, Echeverri LF, Balcazar N, Acín S. Major triterpenoids from Eucalyptus tereticornis have enhanced beneficial effects in cellular models when mixed with minor compounds present in raw extract. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20201351. [PMID: 34468491 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120201351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus development and is characterized by an abnormal expansion of adipose tissue and low-grade chronic inflammation that contribute to insulin resistance. Although there are multiple treatments, most therapies can produce undesirable side effects and therefore, new and effective treatments with fewer side effects are necessary. Previously, we demonstrated that a natural extract from the leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis (OBE100) has anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities. The major compounds identified in OBE100 were three pentacyclic triterpenoids, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid lactone. Triterpenoids have shown multiples biological activities. This current study compared the biological effect produced by OBE100 with five different reconstituted mixtures of these triterpenoids. Different cell lines were used to evaluate cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production, inflammatory cytokine expression, glucose uptake induction, leptin and adiponectin expression, and lipid accumulation. OBE100 treatment was the most efficacious and none of the formulated triterpenoid mixtures significantly improved on this. Moreover, OBE100 was less toxic and reduced reactive oxygen species production. Our study showed that the proven beneficial properties of triterpenoids may be enhanced due to the interaction with minor secondary metabolites present in the natural extract improving their anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Betancur
- GENMOL Group/Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Cl. 62 #52-59, University of Antioquia, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Diana L Muñoz
- University of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Cra. 51d #62-29, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Alis Guillen
- GENMOL Group/Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Cl. 62 #52-59, University of Antioquia, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Luis F Echeverri
- QOPN Group/Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Cl. 62 #52-59, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Norman Balcazar
- GENMOL Group/Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Cl. 62 #52-59, University of Antioquia, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.,University of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Cra. 51d #62-29, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Sergio Acín
- GENMOL Group/Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Cl. 62 #52-59, University of Antioquia, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.,University of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Cra. 51d #62-29, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, 050010 Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
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102
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Shi Z, Pan S, Wang L, Li S. Oleanolic Acid Attenuates Morphine Withdrawal Symptoms in Rodents: Association with Regulation of Dopamine Function. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:3685-3696. [PMID: 34465980 PMCID: PMC8402955 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Oleanolic acid (OA) has been shown to be useful for the treatment of mental disorders. Methods In this study, we investigated the effects of OA in animal models of spontaneous withdrawal and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal and evaluated the effects of OA on the acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Results OA significantly improved symptoms of withdrawal, and significantly reduced the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Moreover, OA significantly reduced the serum content of 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in a dose-dependent manner, and reduced norepinephrine (NE) and 5-HT content in the frontal cortex (PFC), while significantly increasing endorphin content in rats. OA also significantly reduced serum DA content in mice. Conclusion These results indicate that OA can improve the withdrawal symptoms of rats and mice by regulating the DA system and suggest that OA may be useful in treatment of morphine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou Institute of Industry and Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Longsha Medical Research Institute, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shugang Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, 213022, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luolin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- Longsha Medical Research Institute, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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103
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Rosa W, da Silva Domingos O, de Oliveira Salem PP, Caldas IS, Murgu M, Lago JHG, Sartorelli P, Dias DF, Chagas-Paula DA, Soares MG. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of Fabaceae species extracts screened by a new ex vivo assay using human whole blood. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:859-883. [PMID: 33594803 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plants have been considered a promising source for discovering new compounds with pharmacological activities. The Fabaceae family comprises a large variety of species that produce substances with diverse therapeutic potential, including anti-inflammatory activity. The limitations of current anti-inflammatories generate the need to research new anti-inflammatory structures with higher efficacy as well as develop methods for screening multiple samples, reliably and ethically, to assess such therapeutic properties. OBJECTIVE Validate and apply a quantification method for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) production from an ex vivo assay in human blood in order to screen anti-inflammatory activity present in many Fabaceae species extracts. METHODS Human blood was incubated with extracts from 47 Fabaceae species. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, PGE2 was quantified in the plasma by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The extracts that presented PGE2 production inhibition were further assessed through in vivo assay and then chemically characterised through an analysis of ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS2 ) data. RESULTS The new ex vivo anti-inflammatory assay showed that five out of the 47 Fabaceae species inhibited PGE2 production. Results from an in vivo assay and the metabolic profile of the active extracts supported the anti-inflammatory potential of four species. CONCLUSION The quantification method for PGE2 demonstrated fast, sensitive, precise, and accurate results. The new ex vivo anti-inflammatory assay comprised a great, reliable, and ethical approach for the screening of a large number of samples before an in vivo bioassay. Additionally, the four active extracts in both ex vivo and in vivo assays may be useful for the development of more efficient anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welton Rosa
- Institute of Chemistry - Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ivo Santana Caldas
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Michael Murgu
- Waters Corporation, Alphaville, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Sartorelli
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marisi Gomes Soares
- Institute of Chemistry - Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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104
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. Dietary Bioactive Ingredients Modulating the cAMP Signaling in Diabetes Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093038. [PMID: 34578916 PMCID: PMC8467569 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the prevalence of diabetes increases progressively, research to develop new therapeutic approaches and the search for more bioactive compounds are attracting more attention. Over the past decades, studies have suggested that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the important intracellular second messenger, is a key regulator of metabolism and glucose homeostasis in diverse physiopathological states in multiple organs including the pancreas, liver, gut, skeletal muscle, adipose tissues, brain, and kidney. The multiple characteristics of dietary compounds and their favorable influence on diabetes pathogenesis, as well as their intersections with the cAMP signaling pathway, indicate that these compounds have a beneficial effect on the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the diverse functions of cAMP in different organs involved in glucose homeostasis and show that a diversity of bioactive ingredients from foods activate or inhibit cAMP signaling, resulting in the improvement of the diabetic pathophysiological process. It aims to highlight the diabetes-preventative or -therapeutic potential of dietary bioactive ingredients targeting cAMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Qing Liu
- Jilin Green Food Engineering Research Institute, Changchun 130022, China;
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muangun 58554, Korea;
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (T.T.)
| | - Tao Tong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (T.T.)
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105
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Pagna JIM, Mbekou IMK, Tsamo AT, Mkounga P, Frese M, Stammler HG, Fekam FB, Lenta BN, Sewald N, Nkengfack AE. Antibacterial activity of some chemical constituents from Trichilia prieuriana (Meliaceae). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The chemical study of hydroethanolic extracts from different parts of Trichilia prieuriana (Meliaceae) led to the isolation and identification of 22 compounds: 2β,3β,4β-trihydroxypregnan-16-one (1), prieurianin (2), flindissone (3), deoxyflindissone (4), picraquassin E (5), ursolic acid (6), 3β-acetoxy-11α-hydroxyurs-12-en (7), 3β-acetoxy-urs-12-en-11-one (8), 3β-acetoxy-β-amyrin (9), friedelin-3-ol (10), 3-oxo, friedelin (11), 3-oxo, fridelin-28-ol (12), oleanolic acid (13), hederagenin (14), mixture of stigmasterol (15), β-sitosterol (16), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (17) and stigmasterol-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (18), erythrodiol (19), scopoletin (20), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid (21) and shikimic acid (22). The absolute configurations and crystal structures of compounds 1 and 2 are reported herein for the first time. Crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against nine bacterial strains. Crude extracts from the root wood of T. prieuriana exhibited good antibacterial potency with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 31.25 to 500 µg mL−1 on the test bacteria. The ethyl acetate fraction from root wood and n-hexane-ethyl acetate (3:1) fraction from leaves showed a moderate antibacterial activity with MIC value of 250 μg mL−1 on all test bacteria. Isolated compounds exhibited significant antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 4.09 to 71.8 µm. Compounds 3, 6 and 7 were the most active with a broad spectrum of activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Issah Mawouma Pagna
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 812 , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Ines Michèle Kanko Mbekou
- Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, The University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Armelle Tontsa Tsamo
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 812 , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Pierre Mkounga
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 812 , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Marcel Frese
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , D-33501 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , D-33501 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Fabrice Boyom Fekam
- Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, The University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Bruno Ndjakou Lenta
- Department of Chemistry , Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 47 , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University , D-33501 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Augustin Ephrem Nkengfack
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I , P.O. Box 812 , Yaoundé , Cameroon
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106
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Baer-Dubowska W, Narożna M, Krajka-Kuźniak V. Anti-Cancer Potential of Synthetic Oleanolic Acid Derivatives and Their Conjugates with NSAIDs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164957. [PMID: 34443544 PMCID: PMC8398353 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid oleanolic acid (OA) serves as a good scaffold for additional modifications to achieve synthetic derivatives. Therefore, a large number of triterpenoids have been synthetically modified in order to increase their bioactivity and their protective or therapeutic effects. Moreover, attempts were performed to conjugate synthetic triterpenoids with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other functional groups. Among hundreds of synthesized triterpenoids, still the most promising is 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), which reached clinical trials level of investigations. The new group of synthetic triterpenoids are OA oximes. The most active among them is 3-hydroxyiminoolean-12-en-28-oic acid morpholide, which additionally improves the anti-cancer activity of standard NSAIDs. While targeting the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways is the main mechanism of synthetic OA derivatives′ anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity, most of these compounds exhibit multifunctional activity, and affect cross-talk within the cellular signaling network. This short review updates the earlier data and describes the new OA derivatives and their conjugates in the context of modification of signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cell survival and subsequently in cancer development.
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107
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Gupta N. A Review on Recent Developments in the Anticancer Potential of Oleanolic acid and its analogs (2017-2020). Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:600-616. [PMID: 35135459 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210810153627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid class of natural product known to possess a broad range of biological activities, specifically, anticancer. Considering the anticancer potential of OA, a large number of analogs have been prepared by several researchers through modifications at C-3, C-12 and C-28 -COOH to develop the potent anticancer agents with improved cytotoxicity and pharmaceutical properties. Some of the synthesized derivatives have been assessed in clinical trials also. This review summarizes the most recent synthetic and biological efforts in the development of oleanolic acid and its analogs during the period 2017-2020. Reports published during this period revealed that both OA and its analogs possess a remarkable potential for the development of effective anticancer agents along with several others such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-microbial and anti-diabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MM College of Pharmacy, M. M. University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana. India
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108
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Triterpenoid-PEG Ribbons Targeting Selectivity in Pharmacological Effects. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080951. [PMID: 34440155 PMCID: PMC8391127 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To compare the effect of selected triterpenoids with their structurally resembling derivatives, designing of the molecular ribbons was targeted to develop compounds with selectivity in their pharmacological effects. (2) Methods: In the synthetic procedures, Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition was applied as a key synthetic step for introducing a 1,2,3-triazole ring as a part of a junction unit in the molecular ribbons. (3) Results: The antimicrobial activity, antiviral activity, and cytotoxicity of the prepared compounds were studied. Most of the molecular ribbons showed antimicrobial activity, especially on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis, with a 50–90% inhibition effect (c = 25 µg·mL−1). No target compound was effective against HSV-1, but 8a displayed activity against HIV-1 (EC50 = 50.6 ± 7.8 µM). Cytotoxicity was tested on several cancer cell lines, and 6d showed cytotoxicity in the malignant melanoma cancer cell line (G-361; IC50 = 20.0 ± 0.6 µM). Physicochemical characteristics of the prepared compounds were investigated, namely a formation of supramolecular gels and a self-assembly potential in general, with positive results achieved with several target compounds. (4) Conclusions: Several compounds of a series of triterpenoid molecular ribbons showed better pharmacological profiles than the parent compounds and displayed certain selectivity in their effects.
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109
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Jin J, He H, Zhang X, Wu R, Gan L, Li D, Lu Y, Wu P, Wong WL, Zhang K. The in vitro and in vivo study of oleanolic acid indole derivatives as novel anti-inflammatory agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and mechanistic analysis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104981. [PMID: 34020279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a well-known natural product possessing many important pharmacological activities; however, its weak bioactivities significantly restrict the potential application in drug development. The structural modification of oleanolic acid is an effective mean to enhance its bioactivity with lower toxicity but it is challenging. In the present study, we systematically synthesized a series of new 11-oxooleanolic acid derivatives and evaluated their anti-inflammatory activities with a LPS induced BV2 cells inflammation model and a 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced ear inflammation mice model. It was found that compounds 8 and 9 show more potent anti-inflammatory effects than OA and exhibit a low cytotoxicity. The possible mechanism of action was also investigated. The in vitro and in vivo results revealed that these two new 11-oxooleanolic acid derivatives may exert anti-inflammatory activities through the inhibition of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, MCP-1 and MIP-1α) and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), which may be caused by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB, MAPKs and PI3K/Akt related inflammatory signaling pathways and the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. The results suggest that these two 11-oxooleanolic acid derivatives may be potential candidates for further anti-inflammatory drug development and our study demonstrated an important and practical strategy for drug discovery through the rational modification of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Jin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Hao He
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China
| | - Yujing Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China.
| | - Wing-Leung Wong
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, PR China; School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Li W, Zeng H, Xu M, Huang C, Tao L, Li J, Zhang T, Chen H, Xia J, Li C, Li X. Oleanolic Acid Improves Obesity-Related Inflammation and Insulin Resistance by Regulating Macrophages Activation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:697483. [PMID: 34393781 PMCID: PMC8361479 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.697483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissues, primarily mediated by adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), is the key pathogenic link between obesity and metabolic disorders. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid possessing anti-diabetic and anti-inflammation effects, but the machinery is poorly understood. This study investigated the detailed mechanisms of OA on adipose tissue inflammation in obese mice. C57BL/6J mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, then daily intragastric administrated with vehicle, 25 and 50 mg/kg OA for 4 weeks. Comparing with vehicle, OA administration in obese mice greatly improved insulin resistance, and reduced adipose tissue hypertrophy, ATM infiltration as well as the M1/M2 ratio. The pro-inflammatory markers were significantly down-regulated by OA in both adipose tissue of obese mice and RAW264.7 macrophages treated with interferon gamma/lipopolysaccharide (IFN-γ/LPS). Furthermore, it was found that OA suppressed activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome through decreasing voltage dependent anion channels (VDAC) expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This is the first report that oleanolic acid exerts its benefits by affecting mitochondrial function and macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunli Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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111
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Shan T, Ye J, Jia J, Wang Z, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zheng K, Ren Z. Viral UL8 Is Involved in the Antiviral Activity of Oleanolic Acid Against HSV-1 Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:689607. [PMID: 34354687 PMCID: PMC8329587 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.689607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is highly prevalent in humans and can cause severe diseases, especially in immunocompromised adults and newborns, such as keratitis and herpes simplex encephalitis. At present, the clinical therapeutic drug against HSV-1 infection is acyclovir (ACV), and its extensive usage has led to the emergence of ACV-resistant strains. Therefore, it is urgent to explore novel therapeutic targets and anti-HSV-1 drugs. This study demonstrated that Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely existing in natural product, had strong antiviral activity against both ACV-sensitive and -resistant HSV-1 strains in different cells. Mechanism studies showed that Oleanolic acid exerted its anti-HSV-1 activity in the immediate early stage of infection, which involved the dysregulation of viral UL8, a component of viral helicase-primase complex critical for viral replication. In addition, Oleanolic acid significantly ameliorated the skin lesions in an HSV-1 infection mediated zosteriform model. Together, our study suggested that Oleanolic acid could be a potential candidate for clinical therapy of HSV-1 infection-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Shan
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ju Ye
- Key Laboratory of Plant Chemistry in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining, China
| | - Jiaoyan Jia
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhou Jiang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiliang Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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112
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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113
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Law KP, He W, Tao J, Zhang C. Characterization of the Exometabolome of Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 by Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:658781. [PMID: 34276593 PMCID: PMC8281238 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Thaumarchaeota (formerly known as the marine group I archaea) have received much research interest in recent years since these chemolithoautotrophic organisms are abundant in the subsurface ocean and oxidize ammonium to nitrite, which makes them a major contributor to the marine carbon and nitrogen cycles. However, few studies have investigated the chemical composition of their exometabolome and their contributions to the pool of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in seawater. This study exploits the recent advances in ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) and integrates this instrumental capability with bioinformatics to reassess the exometabolome of a model ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, Nitrosopumilus maritimus strain SCM1. Our method has several advantages over the conventional approach using an Orbitrap or ion cyclotron resonance mass analyzer and allows assignments or annotations of spectral features to known metabolites confidently and indiscriminately, as well as distinction of biological molecules from background organics. Consistent with the results of a previous report, the SPE-extracted exometabolome of N. maritimus is dominated by biologically active nitrogen-containing metabolites, in addition to peptides secreted extracellularly. Cobalamin and associated intermediates, including α-ribazole and α-ribazole 5'-phosphate, are major components of the SPE-extracted exometabolome of N. maritimus. This supports the proposition that Thaumarchaeota have the capacity of de novo biosynthesizing cobalamin. Other biologically significant metabolites, such as agmatidine and medicagenate, predicted by genome screening are also detected, which indicates that Thaumarchaeota have remarkable metabolic potentials, underlining their importance in driving elemental cycles critical to biological processes in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai P. Law
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianchang Tao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanlun Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai, China
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114
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Kumar A, Choudhir G, Shukla SK, Sharma M, Tyagi P, Bhushan A, Rathore M. Identification of phytochemical inhibitors against main protease of COVID-19 using molecular modeling approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 39:3760-3770. [PMID: 32448034 PMCID: PMC7284142 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1772112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel corona virus that causes corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 rapidly spread across the nations with high mortality rate even as very little is known to contain the virus at present. In the current study, we report novel natural metabolites namely, ursolic acid, carvacrol and oleanolic acid as the potential inhibitors against main protease (Mpro) of COVID-19 by using integrated molecular modeling approaches. From a combination of molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, we found three ligands bound to protease during 50 ns of MD simulations. Furthermore, the molecular mechanic/generalized/Born/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/G/P/BSA) free energy calculations showed that these chemical molecules have stable and favourable energies causing strong binding with binding site of Mpro protein. All these three molecules, namely, ursolic acid, carvacrol and oleanolic acid, have passed the ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) property as well as Lipinski's rule of five. The study provides a basic foundation and suggests that the three phytochemicals, viz. ursolic acid, carvacrol and oleanolic acid could serve as potential inhibitors in regulating the Mpro protein's function and controlling viral replication. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Pantnagar, India
- Advanced Centre for Computational and Applied Biotechnology, Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Dehradun, India
| | | | - Sanjeev Kumar Shukla
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU), Government Medical College, Haldwani, India
| | - Mansi Sharma
- Academy of Biological Science & Research Foundation (ABSRF), Udaipur, India
| | - Pankaj Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Madhu Rathore
- Academy of Biological Science & Research Foundation (ABSRF), Udaipur, India
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115
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Liu C, He Y, Xu X, He B. Phospholipase Cγ Signaling in Bone Marrow Stem Cell and Relevant Natural Compounds Therapy. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 15:579-587. [PMID: 31702518 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666191107103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Excessive bone resorption has been recognized play a major role in the development of bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Paget's disease of bone, and cancer. Phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) family members PLCγ1 and PLCγ2 are critical regulators of signaling pathways downstream of growth factor receptors, integrins, and immune complexes and play a crucial role in osteoclast. Ca2+ signaling has been recognized as an essential pathway to the differentiation of osteoclasts. With growing attention and research about natural occurring compounds, the therapeutic use of natural active plant-derived products has been widely recognized in recent years. In this review, we summarized the recent research on PLCγ signaling in bone marrow stem cells and the use of several natural compounds that were proven to inhibit RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis via modulating PLCγ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Orthopedics, Fifth Hospital of Xi’an, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaobing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Fo Shan, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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116
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Xin C, Liu S, Qu H, Wang Z. The novel nanocomplexes containing deoxycholic acid-grafted chitosan and oleanolic acid displays the hepatoprotective effect against CCl 4-induced liver injury in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:338-349. [PMID: 34171250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemical liver injury threatens seriously human health, along with the shortage of efficiency and low-toxicity drugs. Herein, the novel oral nanocomplexes composed of deoxycholic acid-grafted chitosan and oleanolic acid were constructed to reverse the CCl4-induced acute liver damage in mice. Results indicated core-shell nanocomplexes, maintained by the hydrophobic interaction between deoxycholic acid and oleanolic acid, could be dissociated in the intestine. Notably, the nanocomplexes possessed superior hepatoprotective effect in vivo, possibly due to the synergistic effect between grafted chitosan and oleanolic acid. Mechanism investigations suggested that nanocomplexes reversed CCl4-induced liver injury through improving hepatic antioxidant capacity via NrF2/Keap1 pathway and regulating inflammation response via NF-κB signaling pathway. The novel oral nanocomplexes represent an effective strategy for chemical liver injury therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hang Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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117
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Cheng Z, Li Y, Zhu X, Wang K, Ali Y, Shu W, Zhang T, Zhu L, Murray M, Zhou F. The Potential Application of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in the Prevention and Treatment of Retinal Diseases. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:511-527. [PMID: 33761574 DOI: 10.1055/a-1377-2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Retinal diseases are a leading cause of impaired vision and blindness but some lack effective treatments. New therapies are required urgently to better manage retinal diseases. Natural pentacyclic triterpenoids and their derivatives have a wide range of activities, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, and antiangiogenic properties. Pentacyclic triterpenoids have great potential in preventing and/or treating retinal pathologies. The pharmacological effects of pentacyclic triterpenoids are often mediated through the modulation of signalling pathways, including nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2, high-mobility group box protein 1, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, and Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1. This review summarizes recent in vitro and in vivo evidence for the pharmacological potential of pentacyclic triterpenoids in the prevention and treatment of retinal diseases. The present literature supports the further development of pentacyclic triterpenoids. Future research should now attempt to improve the efficacy and pharmacokinetic behaviour of the agents, possibly by the use of medicinal chemistry and targeted drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Cheng
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Yue Li
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Xue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youmna Ali
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Wenying Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ling Zhu
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Murray
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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118
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Ramírez GM, Villar CC, Saraiva L, Benítez CG, Rubio CM, Malheiros ZM, Stewart B, Kilpatrick L, Romito GA. The effect of a toothpaste containing oleanolic acid in reducing plaque and gingivitis: a proof-of-concept randomized trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19:450-463. [PMID: 34046989 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the safety and efficacy of an oleanolic acid (OA)-containing toothpaste in reducing gingival inflammation and plaque in patients with gingivitis. METHODS This proof-of-concept parallel, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial included 99 patients. Following a 1-week washout, patients were randomized into three groups: OA group (fluoride toothpaste containing 0.1% OA and placebo mouthwash); negative control (fluoride toothpaste and placebo mouthwash); and CHX group (fluoride toothpaste and 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash). Patients were clinically assessed at inclusion, pre-washout visit, baseline and after 4 days, 1 week and 2 weeks of twice-daily use of the products. Patients received a diary for documentation of bleeding on brushing and provided unstimulated saliva samples. RESULTS After two weeks, all groups showed significant reductions in all clinical parameters. The CHX group exhibited significantly greater reductions in gingival index and interproximal gingival index scores at week 2, as compared to patients in the negative control (p = 0.04). In contrast, reductions in gingival index scores did not differ between CHX and OA groups and between OA and negative control groups at week 2. The CHX group had significantly greater reductions in plaque index scores at day-4, 1-week and 2-week evaluations, as compared to the negative control and OA groups. The frequency of adverse events was similar among the groups. None of the groups reduced salivary transferrin levels. Finally, the OA group had the lowest percentage of self-reported bleeding events. CONCLUSION OA toothpaste failed to provide antiplaque and antigingivitis effects superior to those of a fluoride toothpaste after 2 weeks of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Ramírez
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Saraiva
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos G Benítez
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Colgate-Palmolive, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Carlos M Rubio
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Giuseppe A Romito
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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119
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Synthesis and in vitro activity of oleanolic acid derivatives against Chlamydia trachomatis and Staphylococcus aureus. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02741-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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120
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Rahman MA, Hannan MA, Dash R, Rahman MDH, Islam R, Uddin MJ, Sohag AAM, Rahman MH, Rhim H. Phytochemicals as a Complement to Cancer Chemotherapy: Pharmacological Modulation of the Autophagy-Apoptosis Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639628. [PMID: 34025409 PMCID: PMC8138161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive plant derived compounds are important for a wide range of therapeutic applications, and some display promising anticancer properties. Further evidence suggests that phytochemicals modulate autophagy and apoptosis, the two crucial cellular pathways involved in the underlying pathobiology of cancer development and regulation. Pharmacological targeting of autophagy and apoptosis signaling using phytochemicals therefore offers a promising strategy that is complementary to conventional cancer chemotherapy. In this review, we sought to highlight the molecular basis of the autophagic-apoptotic pathway to understand its implication in the pathobiology of cancer, and explore this fundamental cellular process as a druggable anticancer target. We also aimed to present recent advances and address the limitations faced in the therapeutic development of phytochemical-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - MD. Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rokibul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, South Korea
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121
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Gudoityte E, Arandarcikaite O, Mazeikiene I, Bendokas V, Liobikas J. Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids: Plant Metabolites with Neuroprotective Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4599. [PMID: 33925641 PMCID: PMC8124962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic and oleanolic acids are secondary plant metabolites that are known to be involved in the plant defence system against water loss and pathogens. Nowadays these triterpenoids are also regarded as potential pharmaceutical compounds and there is mounting experimental data that either purified compounds or triterpenoid-enriched plant extracts exert various beneficial effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anticancer, on model systems of both human or animal origin. Some of those effects have been linked to the ability of ursolic and oleanolic acids to modulate intracellular antioxidant systems and also inflammation and cell death-related pathways. Therefore, our aim was to review current studies on the distribution of ursolic and oleanolic acids in plants, bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties of these triterpenoids and their derivatives, and to discuss their neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Gudoityte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.G.); (O.A.)
- Celignis Limited, Unit 11 Holland Road, Plassey Technology Park Castletroy, County Limerick, Ireland
| | - Odeta Arandarcikaite
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.G.); (O.A.)
| | - Ingrida Mazeikiene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai Distr., Lithuania;
| | - Vidmantas Bendokas
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai Distr., Lithuania;
| | - Julius Liobikas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.G.); (O.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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122
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Musa A, Shady NH, Ahmed SR, Alnusaire TS, Sayed AM, Alowaiesh BF, Sabouni I, Al-Sanea MM, Mostafa EM, Youssif KA, Abu-Baih DH, Elrehany MA, Abdelmohsen UR. Antiulcer Potential of Olea europea L. cv. Arbequina Leaf Extract Supported by Metabolic Profiling and Molecular Docking. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:644. [PMID: 33922167 PMCID: PMC8146603 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulceration is among the most serious humanpublic health problems. Olea europea L. cv. Arbequina is one of the numerous olive varieties which have scarcely been studied. The reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the olive plant make it a potential prophylactic natural product against gastric ulcers. Consequently, the main goal of this study is to investigate the gastroprotective effect of Olea europea L. cv. Arbequina leaf extract. LC-HRMS-based metabolic profiling of the alcoholic extract of Olea europea L. cv. Arbequina led to the dereplication of 18 putative compounds (1-18). In vivo indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in a rat model was established and the Olea europea extract was tested at a dose of 300 mg kg-1 compared to cimetidine (100 mg kg-1). The assessment of gastric mucosal lesions and histopathology of gastric tissue was done. It has been proved that Olea europea significantly decreased the ulcer index and protected the mucosa from lesions. The antioxidant potential of the extract was evaluated using three in vitro assays, H2O2 scavenging, xanthine oxidase inhibitory, and superoxide radical scavenging activities and showed promising activities. Moreover, an in silico based study was performed on the putatively dereplicated compounds, which highlighted that 3-hydroxy tyrosol (4) and oleacein (18) can target the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme (5-LOX) as a protective mechanism against the pathogenesis of ulceration. Upon experimental validation, both compounds 3-hydroxy tyrosol (HT) and oleacein (OC) (4 and 18, respectively) exhibited a significant in vitro 5-LOX inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 8.6 and 5.8 µg/mL, respectively. The present study suggested a possible implication of O. europea leaves as a potential candidate having gastroprotective, antioxidant, and 5-LOX inhibitory activity for the management of gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafa Musa
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, Minia 61111, Egypt;
| | - Shaimaa R. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia; (T.S.A.); (B.F.A.)
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt;
| | - Bassam F. Alowaiesh
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia; (T.S.A.); (B.F.A.)
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim Sabouni
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ehab M. Mostafa
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Khayrya A. Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
| | - Dalia H. Abu-Baih
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, Minia 61111, Egypt; (D.H.A.-B.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Mahmoud A. Elrehany
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, Minia 61111, Egypt; (D.H.A.-B.); (M.A.E.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, Minia 61111, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Bachořík J, Urban M. Biocatalysis in the Chemistry of Lupane Triterpenoids. Molecules 2021; 26:2271. [PMID: 33919839 PMCID: PMC8070785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes are important representatives of natural products that exhibit a wide variety of biological activities. These activities suggest that these compounds may represent potential medicines for the treatment of cancer and viral, bacterial, or protozoal infections. Naturally occurring triterpenes usually have several drawbacks, such as limited activity and insufficient solubility and bioavailability; therefore, they need to be modified to obtain compounds suitable for drug development. Modifications can be achieved either by methods of standard organic synthesis or with the use of biocatalysts, such as enzymes or enzyme systems within living organisms. In most cases, these modifications result in the preparation of esters, amides, saponins, or sugar conjugates. Notably, while standard organic synthesis has been heavily used and developed, the use of the latter methodology has been rather limited, but it appears that biocatalysis has recently sparked considerably wider interest within the scientific community. Among triterpenes, derivatives of lupane play important roles. This review therefore summarizes the natural occurrence and sources of lupane triterpenoids, their biosynthesis, and semisynthetic methods that may be used for the production of betulinic acid from abundant and inexpensive betulin. Most importantly, this article compares chemical transformations of lupane triterpenoids with analogous reactions performed by biocatalysts and highlights a large space for the future development of biocatalysis in this field. The results of this study may serve as a summary of the current state of research and demonstrate the potential of the method in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bachořík
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Milan Urban
- Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Reversed-phase chromatographic separation and downstream precipitation of lupane- and oleanane-type triterpenoids: Experiments and modeling based on the method of moments. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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125
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Li Z, Yang Y, Liu M, Zhang C, Shao J, Hou X, Tian J, Cui Q. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, bioactivities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies on Ficus carica Linn. leaves. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111393. [PMID: 33761610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Ficus carica Linn. (FC) have been widely used for medicine purposes since ancient times, and its decoction is consumed as tea. Many scientific papers have been published in the literature and the researchers across the world are still exploring the health benefits of FC leaves. In this review, we have collected the literature published since 2010 in the databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and local classic herbal literature. The summary of the chemical constituents in FC leaves, biological activities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies carried out on FC leaves is provided in this review. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of the active constituents in FC leaves are also comprehended. FC leaves are reported to 126 constituents out of which the polyphenolic compounds are predominant. Many scientific studies have proven the antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective activities. Many studies have carried out to provide the insights on molecular pathways involved in the biological activities of FC leaves. The toxicity studies have suggested that FC leaves exhibit toxicity only at very high doses. We believe this review serve as a comprehensive resource for those who are interested to understand the scientific evidence that support the medicinal values of FC leaves and also the research gaps to further improve the commercial value and health benefits of FC leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Junjing Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xuewen Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
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Porras G, Chassagne F, Lyles JT, Marquez L, Dettweiler M, Salam AM, Samarakoon T, Shabih S, Farrokhi DR, Quave CL. Ethnobotany and the Role of Plant Natural Products in Antibiotic Drug Discovery. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3495-3560. [PMID: 33164487 PMCID: PMC8183567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates creative and innovative approaches, from chemical identification and analysis to the assessment of bioactivity. Plant natural products (NPs) represent a promising source of antibacterial lead compounds that could help fill the drug discovery pipeline in response to the growing antibiotic resistance crisis. The major strength of plant NPs lies in their rich and unique chemodiversity, their worldwide distribution and ease of access, their various antibacterial modes of action, and the proven clinical effectiveness of plant extracts from which they are isolated. While many studies have tried to summarize NPs with antibacterial activities, a comprehensive review with rigorous selection criteria has never been performed. In this work, the literature from 2012 to 2019 was systematically reviewed to highlight plant-derived compounds with antibacterial activity by focusing on their growth inhibitory activity. A total of 459 compounds are included in this Review, of which 50.8% are phenolic derivatives, 26.6% are terpenoids, 5.7% are alkaloids, and 17% are classified as other metabolites. A selection of 183 compounds is further discussed regarding their antibacterial activity, biosynthesis, structure-activity relationship, mechanism of action, and potential as antibiotics. Emerging trends in the field of antibacterial drug discovery from plants are also discussed. This Review brings to the forefront key findings on the antibacterial potential of plant NPs for consideration in future antibiotic discovery and development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Porras
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - François Chassagne
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - James T. Lyles
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Lewis Marquez
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 115, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Micah Dettweiler
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 105L, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Akram M. Salam
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 115, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tharanga Samarakoon
- Emory University Herbarium, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Rd NE, Room 102, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Sarah Shabih
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Darya Raschid Farrokhi
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Cassandra L. Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Emory University Herbarium, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Rd NE, Room 102, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 105L, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Whitehead 115, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Yang CC, Yang CM. Chinese Herbs and Repurposing Old Drugs as Therapeutic Agents in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Pulmonary Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:657-687. [PMID: 33707963 PMCID: PMC7940992 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s293135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several pro-inflammatory factors and proteins have been characterized that are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma, induced by oxidative stress, cytokines, bacterial toxins, and viruses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as secondary messengers and are products of normal cellular metabolism. Under physiological conditions, ROS protect cells against oxidative stress through the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, which is important for proliferation, viability, cell activation, and organ function. However, overproduction of ROS is most frequently due to excessive stimulation of either the mitochondrial electron transport chain and xanthine oxidase or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α. NADPH oxidase activation and ROS overproduction could further induce numerous inflammatory target proteins that are potentially mediated via Nox/ROS-related transcription factors triggered by various intracellular signaling pathways. Thus, oxidative stress is considered important in pulmonary inflammatory processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that redox signals can induce pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Thus, therapeutic strategies directly targeting oxidative stress may be effective for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therefore, drugs with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties may be beneficial to these diseases. Recent studies have suggested that traditional Chinese medicines, statins, and peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor agonists could modulate inflammation-related signaling processes and may be beneficial for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. In particular, several herbal medicines have attracted attention for the management of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we reviewed the pharmacological effects of these drugs to dissect how they induce host defense mechanisms against oxidative injury to combat pulmonary inflammation. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death can be protected via the induction of HO-1 by these drugs. The main objective of this review is to focus on Chinese herbs and old drugs to develop anti-inflammatory drugs able to induce HO-1 expression for the management of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
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Özdemir Z, Šaman D, Bertula K, Lahtinen M, Bednárová L, Pazderková M, Rárová L, Wimmer Z. Rapid Self-Healing and Thixotropic Organogelation of Amphiphilic Oleanolic Acid-Spermine Conjugates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2693-2706. [PMID: 33595317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural and abundant plant triterpenoids are attractive starting materials for the synthesis of conformationally rigid and chiral building blocks for functional soft materials. Here, we report the rational design of three oleanolic acid-triazole-spermine conjugates, containing either one or two spermine units in the target molecules, using the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The resulting amphiphile-like molecules 2 and 3, bearing just one spermine unit in the respective molecules, self-assemble into highly entangled fibrous networks leading to gelation at a concentration as low as 0.5% in alcoholic solvents. Using step-strain rheological measurements, we show rapid self-recovery (up to 96% of the initial storage modulus) and sol ⇔ gel transition under several cycles. Interestingly, rheological flow curves reveal the thixotropic behavior of the gels. To the best of our knowledge, this kind of behavior was not shown in the literature before, neither for a triterpenoid nor for its derivatives. Conjugate 4, having a bolaamphiphile-like structure, was found to be a nongelator. Our results indicate that the position and number of spermine units alter the gelation properties, gel strength, and their self-assembly behavior. Preliminary cytotoxicity studies of the target compounds 2-4 in four human cancer cell lines suggest that the position and number of spermine units affect the biological activity. Our results also encourage exploring other triterpenoids and their derivatives as sustainable, renewable, and biologically active building blocks for multifunctional soft organic nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulal Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 16028 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - David Šaman
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kia Bertula
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Manu Lahtinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Pazderková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Rárová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 16028 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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129
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Kim YJ, Lee JE, Jang HS, Hong SY, Lee JB, Park SY, Hwang JS. Oleanolic Acid Protects the Skin from Particulate Matter-Induced Aging. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:220-226. [PMID: 32952129 PMCID: PMC7921861 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of particulate matter (PM) in health problems including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and pneumonia is becoming increasingly clear. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, major components of PM, bind to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhRs) and promote the expression of CYP1A1 through the AhR pathway in keratinocytes. Activation of AhRs in skin cells is associated with cell differentiation in keratinocytes and inflammation, resulting in dermatological lesions. Oleanolic acid, a natural component of L. lucidum, also has anti-inflammation, anticancer, and antioxidant characteristics. Previously, we found that PM10 induced the AhR signaling pathway and autophagy process in keratinocytes. Here, we investigated the effects of oleanolic acid on PM10-induced skin aging. We observed that oleanolic acid inhibits PM10-induced CYP1A1 and decreases the increase of tumor necrosis factor–alpha and interleukin 6 induced by PM10. A supernatant derived from keratinocytes cotreated with oleanolic acid and PM10 inhibited the release of matrix metalloproteinase 1 in dermal fibroblasts. Also, the AhR-mediated autophagy disruption was recovered by oleanolic acid. Thus, oleanolic acid may be a potential treatment for addressing PM10-induced skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jin Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Youngin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Youngin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sung Jang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Youngin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yun Hong
- COSMAX R&I Center, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Bae Lee
- COSMAX R&I Center, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Park
- Creative & Innovation Center, IN2BIO, Hwaseong 18471, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Youngin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Duan JX, Li GY, Jian JP, Lü SW, Su H, Xu D, Guo YY, Kuang HX, Wang QH. Analysis of bioactive components and pharmacokinetics of Caulophyllum robustum in rat plasma after oral administration by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:258-270. [PMID: 31496278 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1529029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated the determination and pharmacokinetic study of magnoflorine, cauloside C, hederagenin, and oleanolic acid from Caulophyllum robustum. Digoxin was used as the internal standard. The pretreated plasma samples were carried out on a Waters ACQUITYUPLC HSS T3 column at 35 °C with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. This article describes the most simple, sensitive, and validated UPLC-MS/MS method to date for the simultaneous successful determination of four compounds in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of C. robustum and their pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guo-Yu Li
- Pharmaceutical College, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ji-Ping Jian
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shao-Wa Lü
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hong Su
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Wang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510224, China
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131
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Śliwińska A, Naliwajski MR, Pietrosiuk A, Sykłowska-Baranek K. In Vitro Response of Polyscias filicifolia (Araliaceae) Shoots to Elicitation with Alarmone-Diadenosine Triphosphate, Methyl Jasmonate, and Salicylic Acid. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020419. [PMID: 33671225 PMCID: PMC7922777 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of different elicitation variants in combination with alarmone application was studied in shoot cultures of Polyscias filicifolia. The shoots were elicited with 200 µM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 50 µM salicylic acid (SA) alone or in combination, and their activity was compared with those treated with the alarmone diadenosine 5′,5‴-P1P3-triphosphate (Ap3A), either alone or in combination with SA and/or MeJA. All treatments resulted in significant stimulation of phenolic acid production (chlorogenic and ferulic acids), as well as oleanolic acid (OA) compared to control, with their highest concentration noted under simultaneous elicitation with SA and MeJA. While the maximum content of caffeic acid was detected after treatment with alarmone alone. In each of the culture variants enhanced antioxidant activity was observed, however the level varied according to the treatment. In addition, the SA, Ap3A and Ap3A+SA variants demonstrated additional peroxidase isoforms, as indicated by Native-PAGE, as well as the highest α-tocopherol content. The highest antioxidant capacity of shoot extracts was correlated with the highest abundance of phenolic compounds and OA. The results indicate that ROS induction appears to participate in the signal transduction following Ap3A treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Śliwińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (A.P.); (K.S.-B.)
| | - Marcin R. Naliwajski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, ul. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Agnieszka Pietrosiuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (A.P.); (K.S.-B.)
| | - Katarzyna Sykłowska-Baranek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (A.P.); (K.S.-B.)
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Han Y, Tong Z, Wang C, Li X, Liang G. Oleanolic acid exerts neuroprotective effects in subarachnoid hemorrhage rats through SIRT1-mediated HMGB1 deacetylation. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 893:173811. [PMID: 33345851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory therapy for early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage is a promising treatment for improving the prognosis. HMGB1 is the initiator of early inflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Oleanolic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with strong anti-inflammatory activity. It can relieve early brain injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage rats, but its mechanism is not very clear. Here, we study the potential mechanism of Oleanolic acid in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage. First, we demonstrated that oleanolic acid alleviated early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage, including improvement of grading score, neurological score, brain edema and permeability of brain blood barrier. Then we found that oleanolic acid could inhibit the transfer of HMGB1 from nucleus to cytoplasm and reduce the level of serum HMGB1. Furthermore, we found that oleanolic acid decreased the acetylation level of HMGB1 by increasing SIRT1 expression rather than by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 pathway. SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol eliminated all beneficial effects of oleanolic acid on subarachnoid hemorrhage, which indicated that oleanolic acid inhibited the acetylation of HMGB1 by up regulating SIRT1. In addition, oleanolic acid treatment also reduced the levels of TLR4 and apoptosis related factors and reduced neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage. In summary, our findings suggest that oleanolic acid may activate SIRT1 by acting as an activator of SIRT1, thereby reducing the acetylation of HMGB1, thus playing an anti-inflammatory role to alleviate early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China; China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenhua Tong
- Department of Science Training, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Guobiao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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Bildziukevich U, Malík M, Özdemir Z, Rárová L, Janovská L, Šlouf M, Šaman D, Šarek J, Nonappa, Wimmer Z. Spermine amides of selected triterpenoid acids: dynamic supramolecular system formation influences the cytotoxicity of the drugs. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:484-491. [PMID: 31834347 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01957j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a global disease of great importance, and the need for novel cytotoxic drugs is still eminent. A series of spermine amides of several selected triterpene acids (betulonic, heterobetulonic, oleanolic, ursolic and platanic acid) have been synthesized to search for new cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents. The compounds have also been subjected to the investigation of their physico-chemical characteristics (ability to self-assemble), and to an in silico comparative calculation of their physico-chemical and ADME parameters. In the in vitro screening tests with several target compounds (8a-8c and 11c), their cytotoxicity changed with prolonged time, which appeared to be a result of formation of dynamic supramolecular networks. This phenomenon is important in investigation of the effect of self-assembly on biological activity. The most important compounds in this series were spermine derivatives of heterobetulonic acid (3b) and ursolic acid (8b), showing cytotoxicity <5 μM and <10 μM, respectively, on all tested cancer cell lines. Comparable cytotoxicity was also displayed by 13b, formerly a model compound prepared for testing of the synthetic procedures, the 1,2-diaminoethane derivative. The target compounds 3b and 8b displayed antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Listeria monocytogenes at a concentration 6.25 μM. Supramolecular characteristics of several compounds were documented by the TEM and SEM micrographs showing fibrous, partially helical, networks, and UV measurements showing changes in the intensity of UV signals, also indicating formation of supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uladzimir Bildziukevich
- University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Oleanolic acid inhibits cervical cancer Hela cell proliferation through modulation of the ACSL4 ferroptosis signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 545:81-88. [PMID: 33548628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancerous death among women worldwide. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a substance that occurs naturally in the leaves, fruits, and rhizomes of plants and has anti-cancer activity. In this study, tumor-bearing mice were used as the animal model and Hela cells were used as cellular model. In vivo experiments have showed that OA significantly reduced the size and mass of cervical cancer tumors in mice. In vitro experiments have showed that OA significantly reduced the viability and proliferative capacity of Hela cells. In both in vivo and in vitro assays, OA increased the oxidative stress levels and Fe2+ content, and increased the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins. We found that ACSL4 was highly expressed in both xenograft models and cervical carcinoma cells with OA treatment. Further use of siRNA to interfere with ACSL4 expression in cervical cancer cells revealed that the inhibitory effect of OA on cell viability and proliferative capacity was counteracted, while a decrease in ROS levels and GPX4 was detected, suggesting that OA activated ferroptosis in Hela cells by promoting ACSL4 expression, thereby reducing the survival rate of Hela cells. Therefore, promotion of ACSL4-dependent ferroptosis by OA may be a potential approach for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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135
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Herrera-Acevedo C, Perdomo-Madrigal C, Muratov EN, Scotti L, Scotti MT. Discovery of Alternative Chemotherapy Options for Leishmaniasis through Computational Studies of Asteraceae. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1234-1245. [PMID: 33336460 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a complex disease caused by over 20 Leishmania species that primarily affects populations with poor socioeconomic conditions. Currently available drugs for treating leishmaniasis include amphotericin B, paromomycin, and pentavalent antimonials, which have been associated with several limitations, such as low efficacy, the development of drug resistance, and high toxicity. Natural products are an interesting source of new drug candidates. The Asteraceae family includes more than 23 000 species worldwide. Secondary metabolites that can be found in species from this family have been widely explored as potential new treatments for leishmaniasis. Recently, computational tools have become more popular in medicinal chemistry to establish experimental designs, identify new drugs, and compare the molecular structures and activities of novel compounds. Herein, we review various studies that have used computational tools to examine various compounds identified in the Asteraceae family in the search for potential drug candidates against Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonny Herrera-Acevedo
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Castelo Branco III, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Camilo Perdomo-Madrigal
- School of Science, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, Calle 222 n° 55-37, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Eugene N Muratov
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Castelo Branco III, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Castelo Branco III, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Castelo Branco III, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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136
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Zheng L, Sun C, Xu W, Dushkin AV, Polyakov N, Su W, Yu J. Mechanically induced solvent-free esterification method at room temperature. RSC Adv 2021; 11:5080-5085. [PMID: 35424454 PMCID: PMC8694552 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09437d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe two novel strategies for the synthesis of esters, as achieved under high-speed ball-milling (HSBM) conditions at room temperature. In the presence of I2 and KH2PO2, the reactions afford the desired esterification derivatives in 45% to 91% yields within 20 min of grinding. Meanwhile, using KI and P(OEt)3, esterification products can be obtained in 24% to 85% yields after 60 min of grinding. In addition, the I2/KH2PO2 protocol was successfully extended to the late-stage diversification of natural products showing the robustness of this useful approach. Further application of this method in the synthesis of inositol nicotinate was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Chen Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Alexandr V Dushkin
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Nikolay Polyakov
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Weike Su
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
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137
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Potential Effects of Nutraceuticals in Retinopathy of Prematurity. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020079. [PMID: 33499180 PMCID: PMC7912639 DOI: 10.3390/life11020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), the most common cause of childhood blindness, is a hypoxia-induced eye disease characterized by retinal neovascularization. In the normal retina, a well-organized vascular network provides oxygen and nutrients as energy sources to maintain a normal visual function; however, it is disrupted when pathological angiogenesis is induced in ROP patients. Under hypoxia, inadequate oxygen and energy supply lead to oxidative stress and stimulate neovasculature formation as well as affecting the function of photoreceptors. In order to meet the metabolic needs in the developing retina, protection against abnormal vascular formation is one way to manage ROP. Although current treatments provide beneficial effects in reducing the severity of ROP, these invasive therapies may also induce life-long consequences such as systemic structural and functional complications as well as neurodevelopment disruption in the developing infants. Nutritional supplements for the newborns are a novel concept for restoring energy supply by protecting the retinal vasculature and may lead to better ROP management. Nutraceuticals are provided in a non-invasive manner without the developmental side effects associated with current treatments. These nutraceuticals have been investigated through various in vitro and in vivo methods and are indicated to protect retinal vasculature. Here, we reviewed and discussed how the use of these nutraceuticals may be beneficial in ROP prevention and management.
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138
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Ito Y, Morishita K, Nagasawa T. Oleanolic acid induces lipolysis and antioxidative activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.27.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Ito
- Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
| | - Kouki Morishita
- Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
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139
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Development and Evaluation of Oleanolic Acid Dosage Forms and Its Derivatives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1308749. [PMID: 33299854 PMCID: PMC7710427 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1308749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound that exists widely in medicinal herbs and other plants. Because of the extensive pharmacological activity, oleanolic acid has attracted more and more attention. However, the structural characteristics of oleanolic acid prevent it from being directly made into new drugs, which limits the application of oleanolic acid. Through the application of modern preparation techniques and methods, different oleanolic acid dosage forms and derivatives have been designed and synthesized. These techniques can improve the water solubility and bioavailability of oleanolic acid and lay a foundation for the new drug development. In this review, the recent progress in understanding the oleanolic acid dosage forms and its derivatives are discussed. Furthermore, these products were evaluated comprehensively from the perspective of characterization and pharmacokinetics, and this work may provide ideas and references for the development of oleanolic acid preparations.
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140
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Yang J, Li X, Yang H, Long C. Oleanolic Acid Improves the Symptom of Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Urol Int 2020; 105:215-220. [PMID: 33291121 DOI: 10.1159/000506778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of oleanolic acid (OA) on the renal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) and the possible mechanism. METHODS The RIRI model was successfully established in rats. OA, LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor), and OA combined with LY294002 were dosed to rats in 3 therapeutic groups, respectively. The blood was collected to detect the concentration of Cr and BUN by ELISA. The kidney of each rat was collected to detect the concentration of renal injury factor (Kim-1) and the HE staining was performed. Western blot was used to detect the expression level of PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, PDK1, Skp2, and p27 in the renal tissue homogenate. RESULTS The symptom of vacuolar degeneration and interstitial edema was greatly improved in the rat kidney from the 3 therapeutic groups, compared with that from the RIRI model group. No significant difference was observed among the 3 therapeutic groups. The concentration of Cr in the 3 therapeutic groups was greatly lower than that in the RIRI model group. The expression level of p-AKT/AKT, PI3K, PDK1, Skp2, and p27 in OA group, LY294002 group, and OA combined with LY294002 group was significantly lower than that in the RIRI model group, respectively. CONCLUSION OA could improve the symptom of RIRI, possibly by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinRan Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang City, China
| | - Xinchang Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang City, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang City, China
| | - Chenmei Long
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang City, China,
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141
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Oleanolic acid-conjugated poly (D, l-lactide)-based micelles for effective delivery of doxorubicin and combination chemotherapy in oral cancer. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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142
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Mattonai M, Watanabe A, Ribechini E. Characterization of volatile and non-volatile fractions of spices using evolved gas analysis and multi-shot analytical pyrolysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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143
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Pawełczyk A, Olender D, Sowa-Kasprzak K, Zaprutko L. Linked drug-drug conjugates based on triterpene and phenol structures. Rational synthesis, molecular properties, toxicity and bioactivity prediction. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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144
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Rodríguez de Vera C, Herrera-Herrera AV, Jambrina-Enríquez M, Sossa-Ríos S, González-Urquijo J, Lazuen T, Vanlandeghem M, Alix C, Monnier G, Pajović G, Tostevin G, Mallol C. Micro-contextual identification of archaeological lipid biomarkers using resin-impregnated sediment slabs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20574. [PMID: 33239666 PMCID: PMC7689525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing organic matter preserved in archaeological sediment is crucial to behavioral and paleoenvironmental investigations. This task becomes particularly challenging when considering microstratigraphic complexity. Most of the current analytical methods rely on loose sediment samples lacking spatial and temporal resolution at a microstratigraphic scale, adding uncertainty to the results. Here, we explore the potential of targeted molecular and isotopic biomarker analysis on polyester resin-impregnated sediment slabs from archaeological micromorphology, a technique that provides microstratigraphic control. We performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectromety (GC-IRMS) analyses on a set of samples including drill dust from resin-impregnated experimental and archaeological samples, loose samples from the same locations and resin control samples to assess the degree of interference of polyester resin in the GC-MS and Carbon-IRMS signals of different lipid fractions (n-alkanes, aromatics, n-ketones, alcohols, fatty acids and other high polarity lipids). The results show that biomarkers within the n-alkane, aromatic, n-ketone, and alcohol fractions can be identified. Further work is needed to expand the range of identifiable lipid biomarkers. This study represents the first micro-contextual approach to archaeological lipid biomarkers and contributes to the advance of archaeological science by adding a new method to obtain behavioral or paleoenvironmental proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Rodríguez de Vera
- Archaeological Micromorphology and Biomarkers Laboratory (AMBI Lab), Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Antonio V Herrera-Herrera
- Archaeological Micromorphology and Biomarkers Laboratory (AMBI Lab), Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Margarita Jambrina-Enríquez
- Archaeological Micromorphology and Biomarkers Laboratory (AMBI Lab), Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Santiago Sossa-Ríos
- Departamento de Historia e Historia del Arte, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avenida de Cataluña, 35, 43002, Tarragona, Spain
- Institut Català de Paleoecología Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades Universitat Rovira I Virgili (Edificio W3), 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jesús González-Urquijo
- Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria, IIIPC-University of Cantabria, Edificio Interfacultativo, Universidad de Cantabria, Avenida de Los Castros, 52, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Talia Lazuen
- CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199, Université de Bordeaux, 33600, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Marine Vanlandeghem
- UMR 7041 ArScAn, Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, 21 allée de l'université, 92023, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Claire Alix
- Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, 8096 ArchAm, 21 allée de l'université, 92023, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Gilliane Monnier
- Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Goran Pajović
- National Museum of Montenegro, Novice Cerovića, 7, 81250, Cetinje, Montenegro
| | - Gilbert Tostevin
- Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carolina Mallol
- Archaeological Micromorphology and Biomarkers Laboratory (AMBI Lab), Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Geografía e Historia, UDI Prehistoria, Arqueología e Historia Antigua, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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145
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Juang YP, Liang PH. Biological and Pharmacological Effects of Synthetic Saponins. Molecules 2020; 25:E4974. [PMID: 33121124 PMCID: PMC7663351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are amphiphilic molecules consisting of carbohydrate and either triterpenoid or steroid aglycone moieties and are noted for their multiple biological activities-Fungicidal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects have all been observed. Saponins from natural sources have long been used in herbal and traditional medicines; however, the isolation of complexed saponins from nature is difficult and laborious, due to the scarce amount and structure heterogeneity. Chemical synthesis is considered a powerful tool to expand the structural diversity of saponin, leading to the discovery of promising compounds. This review focuses on recent developments in the structure optimization and biological evaluation of synthetic triterpenoid and steroid saponin derivatives. By summarizing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) results, we hope to provide the direction for future development of saponin-based bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
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146
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Althurwi SI, Yu JQ, Beale P, Huq F. Sequenced Combinations of Cisplatin and Selected Phytochemicals towards Overcoming Drug Resistance in Ovarian Tumour Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207500. [PMID: 33053689 PMCID: PMC7589098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, cisplatin, artemisinin, and oleanolic acid were evaluated alone, and in combination, on human ovarian A2780, A2780ZD0473R, and A2780cisR cancer cell lines, with the aim of overcoming cisplatin resistance and side effects. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT reduction assay. Combination index (CI) values were used as a measure of combined drug effect. MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS and 2-DE gel electrophoresis were used to identify protein biomarkers in ovarian cancer and to evaluate combination effects. Synergism from combinations was dependent on concentration and sequence of administration. Generally, bolus was most synergistic. Moreover, 49 proteins differently expressed by 2 ≥ fold were: CYPA, EIF5A1, Op18, p18, LDHB, P4HB, HSP7C, GRP94, ERp57, mortalin, IMMT, CLIC1, NM23, PSA3,1433Z, and HSP90B were down-regulated, whereas hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2/B1, EF2, GOT1, EF1A1, VIME, BIP, ATP5H, APG2, VINC, KPYM, RAN, PSA7, TPI, PGK1, ACTG and VDAC1 were up-regulated, while TCPA, TCPH, TCPB, PRDX6, EF1G, ATPA, ENOA, PRDX1, MCM7, GBLP, PSAT, Hop, EFTU, PGAM1, SERA and CAH2 were not-expressed in A2780cisR cells. The proteins were found to play critical roles in cell cycle regulation, metabolism, and biosynthetic processes and drug resistance and detoxification. Results indicate that appropriately sequenced combinations of cisplatin with artemisinin (ART) and oleanolic acid (OA) may provide a means to reduce side effects and circumvent platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiah Ibrahim Althurwi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; (S.I.A.); (J.Q.Y.)
| | - Jun Q. Yu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; (S.I.A.); (J.Q.Y.)
| | - Philip Beale
- Department of Medical Oncology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord NSW 2137, Australia;
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Eman Research Ltd., Canberra ACT 2609, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-411235462
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147
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Dong N, Xue C, Zhang L, Zhang T, Wang C, Bi C, Shan A. Oleanolic acid enhances tight junctions and ameliorates inflammation in Salmonella typhimurium-induced diarrhea in mice via the TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK pathway. Food Funct 2020; 11:1122-1132. [PMID: 31825448 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01718f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella typhimurium (S.T) is a common cause of acute, self-limiting food-borne diarrhea with severe intestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier damage. Oleanolic acid (OA), isolated from almost 2000 plant species, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory roles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of OA on S.T-induced diarrhea and enteritis and to elucidate its anti-inflammatory mechanisms. A total of eighty BALB/c mice (4-week-old) were randomly divided into the control group (no S.T, no OA), the S.T group (S.T only), the S.T + OA group (S.T plus 100 mg kg-1 OA) and the OA group (100 mg kg-1 OA only). Compared with the S.T group, OA administration significantly reduced clinical symptoms and weight loss, and the severity of diarrhea and intestinal structural damage was significantly alleviated, which was confirmed by a decrease in the diarrhea index (DI) and jejunal histological damage. In addition, in the infected jejunum, OA maintained the expression and localization of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1 to protect the jejunal barrier, thereby maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier. Finally, OA treatment not only reduced the levels of COX-2 and iNOS but also inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Furthermore, western blotting results showed that OA treatment significantly inhibited IκB phosphorylation and degradation in intestinal tissues and the nuclear translocation of p65, and OA also decreased the level of TLR4 and the activation of the MAPK pathway. To summarise, OA can maintain the intestinal tight junction barrier and prevent diarrhea caused by S.T. as well as reduce intestinal inflammation through the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Dong
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
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148
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Enhanced separation of bioactive triterpenic acids with a triacontylsilyl silica gel adsorbent: From impulse and breakthrough experiments to the design of a simulated moving bed unit. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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149
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Luo W, Ip FCF, Fu G, Cheung K, Tian Y, Hu Y, Sinha A, Cheng EYL, Wu X, Bustos V, Greengard P, Li YM, Sinha SC, Ip NY. A Pentacyclic Triterpene from Ligustrum lucidum Targets γ-Secretase. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2827-2835. [PMID: 32786303 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta peptides generated by β-secretase- and γ-secretase-mediated successive cleavage of amyloid precursor protein are believed to play a causative role in Alzheimer's disease. Thus, reducing amyloid-beta generation by modulating γ-secretase remains a promising approach for Alzheimer's disease therapeutic development. Here, we screened fruit extracts of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (Oleaceae) and identified active fractions that increase the C-terminal fragment of amyloid precursor protein and reduce amyloid-beta production in a neuronal cell line. These fractions contain a mixture of two isomeric pentacyclic triterpene natural products, 3-O-cis- or 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyl maslinic acid (OCMA), in different ratios. We further demonstrated that trans-OCMA specifically inhibits γ-secretase and decreases amyloid-beta levels without influencing cleavage of Notch. By using photoactivatable probes targeting the subsites residing in the γ-secretase active site, we demonstrated that trans-OCMA selectively affects the S1 subsite of the active site in this protease. Treatment of Alzheimer's disease transgenic model mice with trans-OCMA or an analogous carbamate derivative of a related pentacyclic triterpene natural product, oleanolic acid, rescued the impairment of synaptic plasticity. This work indicates that the naturally occurring compound trans-OCMA and its analogues could become a promising class of small molecules for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Fanny C. F. Ip
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, Shenzhen−Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518057
| | - Guangmiao Fu
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kit Cheung
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Yueqing Hu
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anjana Sinha
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Elaine Y. L. Cheng
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xianzhong Wu
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Victor Bustos
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Paul Greengard
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Subhash C. Sinha
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Nancy Y. Ip
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, Shenzhen−Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518057
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150
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Wu T, Yao X, Wang G, Liu X, Chen H, Yang Z, Zheng X. Oleanolic Acid Derived from Plants: Synthesis and Pharmacological Properties of A-ring Modified Derivatives. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999200420115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Oleanolic Acid (OA) is a ubiquitous product of triterpenoid compounds.
Due to its inexpensive availability, unique bioactivities, pharmacological effects and non-toxic
properties, OA has attracted tremendous interest in the field of drug design and synthesis. Furthermore,
many OA derivatives have been developed for ameliorating the poor water solubility and bioavailability.
Objective:
Over the past few decades, various modifications of the OA framework structure have led
to the observation of enhancement in bioactivity. Herein, we focused on the synthesis and medicinal
performance of OA derivatives modified on A-ring. Moreover, we clarified the relationship between
structures and activities of OA derivatives with different functional groups in A-ring. The future application
of OA in the field of drug design and development also was discussed and inferred.
Conclusion:
This review concluded the novel achievements that could add paramount information
to the further study of OA-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xu Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaohe Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zehua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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