101
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Surja SS, Adawiyah R, Houbraken J, Rozaliyani A, Sjam R, Yunihastuti E, Wahyuningsih R. Talaromyces atroroseus in HIV and non-HIV patient: A first report from Indonesia. Med Mycol 2021; 58:560-563. [PMID: 31504774 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myz090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed morphology, molecular study and antifungal susceptibility test on 10 Talaromyces sp. isolates: eight clinical isolates (human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV-patient) and two isolates from rats. All strains produced red soluble pigment and microscopically showed Penicillium-like structure in room temperature and yeast-like structure in 37°C. Based on molecular analysis, nine isolates were identified as Talaromyces atroroseus (including the isolates from rats) and one as T. marneffei. Our susceptibility result of T. marneffei supports the use of amphotericin B, itraconazole for talaromycosis marneffei management. Talaromyces atroroseus showed variable MIC to echinocandin, azole derivatives, 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sem Samuel Surja
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia.,Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya
| | - Robiatul Adawiyah
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Rozaliyani
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
| | - Ridhawati Sjam
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
| | - Evy Yunihastuti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia.,Rumah Sakit Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Retno Wahyuningsih
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia
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102
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van Wyk S, Wingfield BD, De Vos L, van der Merwe NA, Steenkamp ET. Genome-Wide Analyses of Repeat-Induced Point Mutations in the Ascomycota. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:622368. [PMID: 33597932 PMCID: PMC7882544 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.622368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Repeat-Induced Point (RIP) mutation pathway is a fungus-specific genome defense mechanism that mitigates the deleterious consequences of repeated genomic regions and transposable elements (TEs). RIP mutates targeted sequences by introducing cytosine to thymine transitions. We investigated the genome-wide occurrence and extent of RIP with a sliding-window approach. Using genome-wide RIP data and two sets of control groups, the association between RIP, TEs, and GC content were contrasted in organisms capable and incapable of RIP. Based on these data, we then set out to determine the extent and occurrence of RIP in 58 representatives of the Ascomycota. The findings were summarized by placing each of the fungi investigated in one of six categories based on the extent of genome-wide RIP. In silico RIP analyses, using a sliding-window approach with stringent RIP parameters, implemented simultaneously within the same genetic context, on high quality genome assemblies, yielded superior results in determining the genome-wide RIP among the Ascomycota. Most Ascomycota had RIP and these mutations were particularly widespread among classes of the Pezizomycotina, including the early diverging Orbiliomycetes and the Pezizomycetes. The most extreme cases of RIP were limited to representatives of the Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes. By contrast, the genomes of the Taphrinomycotina and Saccharomycotina contained no detectable evidence of RIP. Also, recent losses in RIP combined with controlled TE proliferation in the Pezizomycotina subphyla may promote substantial genome enlargement as well as the formation of sub-genomic compartments. These findings have broadened our understanding of the taxonomic range and extent of RIP in Ascomycota and how this pathway affects the genomes of fungi harboring it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Emma T. Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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103
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Shapiro T, Chekanov K, Alexandrova A, Dolnikova G, Ivanova E, Lobakova E. Revealing of Non-Cultivable Bacteria Associated with the Mycelium of Fungi in the Kerosene-Degrading Community Isolated from the Contaminated Jet Fuel. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7010043. [PMID: 33440907 PMCID: PMC7826599 DOI: 10.3390/jof7010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuel (especially kerosene) biodamage is a challenge for global industry. In aviation, where kerosene is a widely used type of fuel, its biodeterioration leads to significant damage. Six isolates of micromycetes from the TS-1 aviation kerosene samples were obtained. Their ability to grow on the fuel was studied, and the difference between biodegradation ability was shown. Micromycetes belonged to the Talaromyces, Penicillium, and Aspergillus genera. It was impossible to obtain bacterial isolates associated with their mycelium. However, 16S rRNA metabarcoding and microscopic observations revealed the presence of bacteria in the micromycete isolates. It seems to be that kerosene-degrading fungi were associated with uncultured bacteria. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were abundant in the fungal cultures isolated from the TS-1 jet fuel samples. Most genera among these phyla are known as hydrocarbon degraders. Only bacteria-containing micromycete isolates were able to grow on the kerosene. Most likely, kerosene degradation mechanisms are based on synergism of bacteria and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Shapiro
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.); (A.A.); (G.D.); (E.L.)
| | - Konstantin Chekanov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.); (A.A.); (G.D.); (E.L.)
- Centre for Humanities Research and Technology, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoye highway, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alina Alexandrova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.); (A.A.); (G.D.); (E.L.)
| | - Galina Dolnikova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.); (A.A.); (G.D.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Ivanova
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, National University of Oil and Gas “Gubkin University”, 65 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elena Lobakova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.); (A.A.); (G.D.); (E.L.)
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104
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Fernandez-Bunster G. Diversity, Phylogenetic Profiling of Genus Penicillium, and Their Potential Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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105
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Lim HJ, Nguyen TTT, Lee HB. Six Newly Recorded Fungal Taxa from Freshwater Niche in Korea. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 49:105-121. [PMID: 37970186 PMCID: PMC10635171 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1862472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Six interesting fungal strains were isolated during a survey of fungal diversity associated with freshwater; these strains were designated as CNUFC YJW2-22, CNUFC MSW11-6-2, CNUFC HRS5-3, CNUFC MSW242-6, CNUFC DMW2-2, and CNUFC CPWS-1. Based on a polyphasic approach including phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed space (ITS), large subunit (LSU), beta-tubulin (BenA), and calmodulin (CaM) gene sequences, morphological analyses, the six strains were found to be identical to Acremonium guillematii, Cadophora novi-eboraci, Lectera nordwiniana, Mycoarthris corallina, Talaromyces siamensis, and Tetracladium globosum, respectively. To our knowledge, these are the first records of the rare Lectera, Mycoarthris, and Tetracladium genera in Korea, and the first reports of A. guillematii, C. novi-eboraci, L. nordwiniana, M. corallina, T. siamensis, and Te. globosum in a freshwater environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Lim
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Thuong T. T Nguyen
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyang Burm Lee
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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106
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Zhang R, He W, Wang Y, Zhao J, Zhou R, Li L, He Y, Cen S, Yu L. New butyrolactone derivatives from the endophytic Fungus Talaromyces sp. CPCC 400783 of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 74:225-232. [PMID: 33361780 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-00388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Six new butyrolactone derivatives (1, 2a/2b, 3a/3b and 4), together with another two known derivatives (5 and 6) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. CPCC 400783. Their structures were established by a combination of spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and HRESIMS. The absolute configurations were elucidated by ECD experiments. Subsequently, compound 1, 3b, 4 and 5 exhibited good inhibitory effect against influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus with IC50 values of 21.93 ± 1.51, 21.54 ± 3.75, 18.36 ± 2.15 and 23.80 ± 3.05 μM respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenni He
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - JianYuan Zhao
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yize He
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shan Cen
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liyan Yu
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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107
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Fungal Planet description sheets: 1112-1181. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 2020; 45:251-409. [PMID: 34456379 PMCID: PMC8375349 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Austroboletus asper on soil, Cylindromonium alloxyli on leaves of Alloxylon pinnatum, Davidhawksworthia quintiniae on leaves of Quintinia sieberi, Exophiala prostantherae on leaves of Prostanthera sp., Lactifluus lactiglaucus on soil, Linteromyces quintiniae (incl. Linteromyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Quintinia sieberi, Lophotrichus medusoides from stem tissue of Citrus garrawayi, Mycena pulchra on soil, Neocalonectria tristaniopsidis (incl. Neocalonectria gen. nov.) and Xyladictyochaeta tristaniopsidis on leaves of Tristaniopsis collina, Parasarocladium tasmanniae on leaves of Tasmannia insipida, Phytophthora aquae-cooljarloo from pond water, Serendipita whamiae as endophyte from roots of Eriochilus cucullatus, Veloboletus limbatus (incl. Veloboletus gen. nov.) on soil. Austria, Cortinarius glaucoelotus on soil. Bulgaria, Suhomyces rilaensis from the gut of Bolitophagus interruptus found on a Polyporus sp. Canada, Cantharellus betularum among leaf litter of Betula, Penicillium saanichii from house dust. Chile, Circinella lampensis on soil, Exophiala embothrii from rhizosphere of Embothrium coccineum.China, Colletotrichum cycadis on leaves of Cycas revoluta.Croatia, Phialocephala melitaea on fallen branch of Pinus halepensis. Czech Republic, Geoglossum jirinae on soil, Pyrenochaetopsis rajhradensis from dead wood of Buxus sempervirens.Dominican Republic, Amanita domingensis on litter of deciduous wood, Melanoleuca dominicana on forest litter. France, Crinipellis nigrolamellata (Martinique) on leaves of Pisonia fragrans, Talaromyces pulveris from bore dust of Xestobium rufovillosum infesting floorboards. French Guiana, Hypoxylon hepaticolor on dead corticated branch. Great Britain, Inocybe ionolepis on soil. India, Cortinarius indopurpurascens among leaf litter of Quercus leucotrichophora.Iran, Pseudopyricularia javanii on infected leaves of Cyperus sp., Xenomonodictys iranica (incl. Xenomonodictys gen. nov.) on wood of Fagus orientalis.Italy, Penicillium vallebormidaense from compost. Namibia, Alternaria mirabibensis on plant litter, Curvularia moringae and Moringomyces phantasmae (incl. Moringomyces gen. nov.) on leaves and flowers of Moringa ovalifolia, Gobabebomyces vachelliae (incl. Gobabebomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Vachellia erioloba, Preussia procaviae on dung of Procavia capensis.Pakistan, Russula shawarensis from soil on forest floor. Russia, Cyberlindnera dauci from Daucus carota. South Africa, Acremonium behniae on leaves of Behnia reticulata, Dothiora aloidendri and Hantamomyces aloidendri (incl. Hantamomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Aloidendron dichotomum, Endoconidioma euphorbiae on leaves of Euphorbia mauritanica, Eucasphaeria proteae on leaves of Protea neriifolia, Exophiala mali from inner fruit tissue of Malus sp., Graminopassalora geissorhizae on leaves of Geissorhiza splendidissima, Neocamarosporium leipoldtiae on leaves of Leipoldtia schultzii, Neocladosporium osteospermi on leaf spots of Osteospermum moniliferum, Neometulocladosporiella seifertii on leaves of Combretum caffrum, Paramyrothecium pituitipietianum on stems of Grielum humifusum, Phytopythium paucipapillatum from roots of Vitis sp., Stemphylium carpobroti and Verrucocladosporium carpobroti on leaves of Carpobrotus quadrifolius, Suttonomyces cephalophylli on leaves of Cephalophyllum pilansii. Sweden, Coprinopsis rubra on cow dung, Elaphomyces nemoreus from deciduous woodlands. Spain, Polyscytalum pini-canariensis on needles of Pinus canariensis, Pseudosubramaniomyces septatus from stream sediment, Tuber lusitanicum on soil under Quercus suber.Thailand, Tolypocladium flavonigrum on Elaphomyces sp. USA, Chaetothyrina spondiadis on fruits of Spondias mombin, Gymnascella minnisii from bat guano, Juncomyces patwiniorum on culms of Juncus effusus, Moelleriella puertoricoensis on scale insect, Neodothiora populina (incl. Neodothiora gen. nov.) on stem cankers of Populus tremuloides, Pseudogymnoascus palmeri from cave sediment. Vietnam, Cyphellophora vietnamensis on leaf litter, Tylopilus subotsuensis on soil in montane evergreen broadleaf forest. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
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108
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Zhou WH, Wang YT, Lian ZH, Yang TT, Zeng QW, Feng SW, Fang Z, Shu WS, Huang LN, Ye ZH, Liao B, Li JT. Revegetation approach and plant identity unequally affect structure, ecological network and function of soil microbial community in a highly acidified mine tailings pond. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140793. [PMID: 32688002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its sustainability and low cost, direct revegetation (DR) has been considered a promising alternative to capped revegetation (CR) for dealing with the serious environmental problem derived from various types of mine wastelands that are widespread in the world. However, a direct comparison of the performance of these two revegetation approaches for reclamation of extremely acidic mine wastelands and the underlying mechanisms is still lacking. To bridge this critical knowledge gap, we established 5000 m2 of vegetation on a highly acidified (pH < 3) Pb/Zn mine tailings pond employing both CR and DR schemes (2500 m2 for each scheme). We then profiled the structure, ecological network and function of soil microbial communities associated with two dominant plant species of the vegetations via high-throughput sequencing. Our results showed that CR and DR achieved a vegetation coverage of 59.7% and 90.5% within two years, respectively. This pattern was accompanied by higher concentrations of plant nutrients and lower acidification potentials in topsoils of the rhizospheres of the vegetation established by DR compared to those of CR. Revegetation approach, rather than plant identity, mostly affected the structure, ecological network and function of soil microbial community in the mine tailings pond. Rhizosphere soils of the vegetation established by DR generally had higher microbial diversity, higher relative abundances of dominant microbial phyla (e.g. Nitrospirae) that can aid plant uptake of nutrients, more complicated microbial interactive networks and more microbial genes responsible for nutrient cycling than those by CR. As the first report on a direct comparison of CR and DR schemes for reclamation of an extremely acidic mine wasteland, our study has important implications for not only the understanding of microbial ecology in revegetated mine wastelands but also the further development of sustainable revegetation schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yu-Tao Wang
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zheng-Han Lian
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Tao-Tao Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Qing-Wei Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shi-Wei Feng
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zhou Fang
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wen-Sheng Shu
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Li-Nan Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Bin Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Jin-Tian Li
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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109
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Parul, Thiyam G, Dufossé L, Sharma A. Characterization of Talaromyces purpureogenus strain F extrolites and development of production medium for extracellular pigments enriched with antioxidant properties. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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110
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Caceres DH, Mohd Tap R, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Hagen F. Detection and Control of Fungal Outbreaks. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:741-745. [PMID: 33037965 PMCID: PMC7588372 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego H Caceres
- Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
- Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ratna Mohd Tap
- Mycology Laboratory, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo
- Medical Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferry Hagen
- Department of Medical Mycology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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111
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Christidis GE, Knapp CW, Venieri D, Gounaki I, Elgy C, Valsami-Jones E, Photos-Jones E. The interweaving roles of mineral and microbiome in shaping the antibacterial activity of archaeological medicinal clays. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112894. [PMID: 32348844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal Earths (MEs), natural aluminosilicate-based substances (largely kaolinite and montmorillonite), have been part of the European pharmacopoeia for well over two millennia; they were used generically as antidotes to 'poison'. AIM OF THE STUDY To test the antibacterial activity of three Lemnian and three Silesian Earths, medicinal earths in the collection of the Pharmacy Museum of the University of Basel, dating to 16th-18th century and following the methodology outlined in the graphical abstract. To compare them with natural clays of the same composition (reference clays) and synthetic clays (natural clays spiked with elements such as B, Al, Ti and Fe); to assess the parameters which drive antibacterial activity, when present, in each group of samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS a total of 31 samples are investigated chemically (ICP-MS), mineralogically (both bulk (XRD) and at the nano-sized level (TEM-EDAX)); their organic load (bacterial and fungal) is DNA-sequenced; their bioactivity (MIC60) is tested against Gram-positive, S. aureus and Gram-negative, P. aeruginosa. RESULTS Reference smectites and kaolinites show no antibacterial activity against the above pathogens. However, the same clays when spiked with B or Al (but not with Ti or Fe) do show antibacterial activity. Of the six MEs, only two are antibacterial against both pathogens. Following DNA sequencing of the bioactive MEs, we show the presence within of a fungal component, Talaromyces sp, a fungus of the family of Trichocomaceae (order Eurotiales), historically associated with Penicillium. Talaromyces is a known producer of the exometabolite bioxanthracene B, and in an earlier publication we have already identified a closely related member of the bioxanthracene group, in association with one of the LE samples examined here. By linking fungus to its exometabolite we suggest that this fungal load may be the key parameter driving antibacterial activity of the MEs. CONCLUSIONS Antibacterial activity in kaolinite and smectite clays can arise either from spiking natural clays with elements like B and Al, or from an organic (fungal) load found only within some archaeological earths. It cannot be assumed, a priori, that this organic load was acquired randomly and as a result of long-term storage in museum collections. This is because, at least in the case of medicinal Lemnian Earth, there is historical evidence to suggest that the addition of a fungal component may have been deliberate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Christidis
- School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - C W Knapp
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, UK
| | - D Venieri
- School of Environmental Engineering Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - I Gounaki
- School of Environmental Engineering Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - C Elgy
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Photos-Jones
- Analytical Services for Art and Archaeology (Ltd), Glasgow, G12 8JD, UK; Archaeology, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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112
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Okada K, Kano R, Hasegawa T, Kagawa Y. Granulomatous polyarthritis caused by Talaromyces georgiensis in a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:912-917. [PMID: 33000702 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720957964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-y-old, 3.5-kg, spayed female Toy Poodle was presented with left forelimb lameness of 2-d duration. Two months before the initial presentation, radiography showed osteolysis of the medial epicondyle of the left humerus, and the left forelimb was amputated. Grossly, the articular villi of the elbow joint were markedly thickened, and the articular cartilage surfaces of the distal humerus and proximal radius had partial erosion. Histologically, granulomatous arthritis and osteomyelitis characterized by the presence of abundant macrophages containing numerous fungi were observed. ITS and β-tubulin sequences amplified from the isolate from the specimen were 100% and 99% identical to type strain UTHSC D16-145T of Talaromyces georgiensis, respectively. Canine osteoarthritis caused by T. georgiensis has not been reported previously, to our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Kano
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
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113
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Barros Correia ACR, Barbosa RN, Frisvad JC, Houbraken J, Souza-Motta CM. The polyphasic re-identification of a Brazilian Aspergillus section Terrei collection led to the discovery of two new species. Mycol Prog 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-020-01605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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114
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Huang P, Jiang X, Wu B, Sun J. Aspergillus jilinensis sp. nov. And its thermostable alkaline enzymes evaluation. MYCOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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115
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Baranger C, Fayeulle A, Le Goff A. Microfluidic monitoring of the growth of individual hyphae in confined environments. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191535. [PMID: 32968492 PMCID: PMC7481688 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil fungi have the ability to form large mycelial networks. They rely on the resources available in the soil to produce biomass and are able to degrade complex biomolecules. Some of them can even degrade recalcitrant organic pollutants and are considered as promising candidates for soil bioremediation strategies. However, the success of this approach depends on the ability of fungi to colonize the soil matrix, where they encounter spatial and temporal variations of confinement, humidity and nutrient concentration. In this paper, we present a study of fungal growth at the scale of single hyphae in a microfluidic device, allowing fine control of nutrient and water supply. Time-lapse microscopy allowed simultaneous monitoring of the growth of dozens of hyphae of Talaromyces helicus, a soil isolate, and of the model fungus Neurospora crassa through parallel microchannels. The distributions of growth velocity obtained for each strain were compared with measurements obtained in macroscopic solid culture. For the two strains used in the study, confinement caused the growth velocity to drop in comparison with unconfined experiments. In addition, N. crassa was also limited in its growth by the nutrient supply, while the microfluidic culture conditions seemed better suited for T. helicus. Qualitative observations of fungi growing in microfluidic chambers without lateral confinement also revealed that side walls influence the branching behaviour of hyphae. This study is one of the first to consider the confinement degree within soil microporosities as a key factor of fungal growth, and to address its effect, along with physicochemical parameters, on soil colonization, notably for bioremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Baranger
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Antoine Fayeulle
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Anne Le Goff
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France
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116
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Lan D, Wu B. Chemistry and Bioactivities of Secondary Metabolites from the Genus Talaromyces. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000229. [PMID: 32432837 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fungi have especially captured the interest and fascination of natural product chemists in that they produce a dizzying array of natural organic molecules with many unique functional groups and atom arrangements. In this review, we focus on the genus Talaromyces (Trichocomaceae) which has been a hot spot of natural product studies over the last three decades. This review summarized the discovery, structures, and bioactivities of various classes of 151 compounds isolated from both terrestrial and marine derived fungal strains of the genus Talaromyces reported from 1994 to 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghe Lan
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
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117
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Biocontrol and Plant-Growth-Promoting Traits of Talaromyces apiculatus and Clonostachys rosea Consortium against Ganoderma Basal Stem Rot Disease of Oil Palm. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081138. [PMID: 32731441 PMCID: PMC7463586 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense basidiomycetous fungus is the most economically important disease in oil palms in South East Asia. Unfortunately, there is no single most effective control measure available. Tremendous efforts have been directed in incorporation of environmentally friendly biocontrol approaches in minimizing BSR disease. This study investigated the performance of two potential biocontrol agents (BCAs), AAT0115 and AAB0114 strains recovered from oil palm on suppression of BSR in planta, and also assessed their plant-growth-promoting (PGP) performance. ITS rRNA-sequence phylogeny discriminated the two ascomycetous Talaromyces apiculatus (Ta) AT0115 and Clonostachys rosea (Cr) AAB0114 biocontrol species with PGP characteristics. In vitro studies have demonstrated both Ta and Cr are capable of reducing linear mycelial growth of G. boninense. Inoculation of individual Cr and Ta—as well as Cr+Ta consortium—induced a significant increment in leaf area and bole girth of oil-palm seedlings five months post-inoculation (MPI) under nursery conditions. At five months post-inoculation, shoot and root biomass, and nutrient contents (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and boron) were significantly higher in Ta-inoculated seedlings compared to control treated with non-Ta-inoculated maize. Chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in rapidly growing oil-palm seedlings challenged with Cr, Ta or a combination of both were not negatively affected. Cr, Ta and Cr+Ta consortium treated seedlings had 4.9–60% BSR disease reduction compared to the untreated control. Co-inoculation of Cr and Ta resulted in increased BSR control efficiencies by 18–26% (compared with Cr only) and 48–55% (compared with Ta only). Collectively, Cr and Ta, either individually or in consortium showed potential as BSR biocontrol agents while also possess PGP traits in oil palm.
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118
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Morales-Oyervides L, Ruiz-Sánchez JP, Oliveira JC, Sousa-Gallagher MJ, Méndez-Zavala A, Giuffrida D, Dufossé L, Montañez J. Biotechnological approaches for the production of natural colorants by Talaromyces/Penicillium: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107601. [PMID: 32682871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
There has been an increased interest in replacing synthetic colorants by colorants obtained from natural sources, especially microbial pigments. Monascus pigments have been used as natural colorings and food additives in Asia for centuries but have raised toxicity issues. Recently, Talaromyces/Penicillium species have been recognized as potential strains to produce natural pigments similar to those produced by Monascus species. To date, it has not been published a literature compilation about the research and development activity of Talaromyces/Penicillium pigments. Developing a new bioprocess requires several steps, from an initial concept to a practical and feasible application. Industrial applications of fungal pigments will depend on: (i) characterization of the molecules to assure a safe consumption, (ii) stability of the pigments to the processing conditions required by the products where they will be incorporated, (iii) optimizing process conditions to achieve high yields, iv) implementing an efficient product recovery and (v) scale-up of the bioprocess. The above aspects have been reviewed in detail to evaluate the feasibility of reaching a commercial scale of the pigments produced by Talaromyces/Penicillium. Finally, the biological activities of the pigments and their potential applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Morales-Oyervides
- School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan Pablo Ruiz-Sánchez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Daniele Giuffrida
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels & ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Université de la Réunion, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Julio Montañez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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119
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Li JX, Zhang F, Jiang DD, Li J, Wang FL, Zhang Z, Wang W, Zhao XQ. Diversity of Cellulase-Producing Filamentous Fungi From Tibet and Transcriptomic Analysis of a Superior Cellulase Producer Trichoderma harzianum LZ117. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1617. [PMID: 32760377 PMCID: PMC7372938 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are widely used for producing cellulolytic enzymes to degrade lignocellulosic biomass. Microbial resources from Tibet have received great attention due to the unique geographic and climatic conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, studies on cellulase producing fungal strains originated from Tibet remain very limited, and so far no studies have been focused on regulation of cellulase production of the specific strains thereof. Here, filamentous fungal strains were isolated from soil, plant, and other environments in Tibet, and cellulase-producing strains were further investigated. A total of 88 filamentous fungal strains were identified, and screening of cellulase-producing fungi revealed that 16 strains affiliated with the genera Penicillium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, and Talaromyces exhibited varying cellulolytic activities. Among these strains, T. harzianum isolate LZ117 is the most potent producer. Comparative transcriptome analysis using T. harzianum LZ117 and the control strain T. harzianum K223452 cultured on cellulose indicated an intensive modulation of gene transcription related to protein synthesis and quality control. Furthermore, transcription of xyr1 which encodes the global transcriptional activator for cellulase expression was significantly up-regulated. Transcription of cre1 and other predicted repressors controlling cellulase gene expression was decreased in T. harzianum LZ117, which may contribute to enhancing formation of primary cellulases. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the transcription landscape at the early enzyme production stage of T. harzianum was comprehensively described, and detailed analysis on modulation of transporters, regulatory proteins as well as protein synthesis and processing was presented. Our study contributes to increasing the catalog of publicly available transcriptome data from T. harzianum, and provides useful clues for unraveling the biotechnological potential of this species for lignocellulosic biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Li
- R&D Center, JALA Group Co., Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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120
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Sun BD, Chen AJ, Houbraken J, Frisvad JC, Wu WP, Wei HL, Zhou YG, Jiang XZ, Samson RA. New section and species in Talaromyces. MycoKeys 2020; 68:75-113. [PMID: 32733145 PMCID: PMC7360636 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.68.52092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Talaromyces is a monophyletic genus containing seven sections. The number of species in Talaromyces grows rapidly due to reliable and complete sequence data contributed from all over the world. In this study agricultural soil samples from Fujiang, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Shandong, Tibet and Zhejiang provinces of China were collected and analyzed for fungal diversity. Based on a polyphasic approach including phylogenetic analysis of partial ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 gene sequences, macro- and micro-morphological analyses, six of them could not be assigned to any described species, and one cannot be assigned to any known sections. Morphological characters as well as their phylogenetic relationship with other Talaromyces species are presented for these putative new species. Penicillium resedanum is combined in Talaromyces section Subinflati as T. resedanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Da Sun
- China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of MicrobiologyBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, ChinaInstitute of Materia MedicaBeijingChina
| | - Amanda J. Chen
- China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of MicrobiologyBeijingChina
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The NetherlandsWesterdijk Fungal Biodiversity InstituteUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jens C. Frisvad
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Wen-Ping Wu
- Novozymes China, No. 14, Xinxi Rd, Shangdi, Beijing, ChinaUnaffiliatedBeijingChina
| | - Hai-Lei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningBeijingChina
| | - Yu-Guang Zhou
- China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of MicrobiologyBeijingChina
| | - Xian-Zhi Jiang
- Microbiome Research Center, Moon (Guangzhou) Biotech Ltd., Guangzhou 510535, ChinaMicrobiome Research CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Robert A. Samson
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The NetherlandsWesterdijk Fungal Biodiversity InstituteUtrechtNetherlands
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121
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Conidial heat resistance of various strains of the food spoilage fungus Paecilomyces variotii correlates with mean spore size, spore shape and size distribution. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109514. [PMID: 33233149 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Contamination by spores is often the cause of fungal food spoilage. Some distinct strains of the food spoilage fungus Paecilomyces variotii are able to produce airborne conidia that are more heat-resistant than similar species. These ellipsoid asexual spores can vary in size between strains, but also within strains. Here, we compared four measurement techniques to measure conidia size and distribution of five heat-sensitive and five heat-resistant P. variotii strains. Light microscopy (LM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Coulter Counter (CC) were used to measure and compare the spherical equivalent diameter, while CC and flow cytometry were used to study spore size distributions. The flow cytometry data was useful to study spore size distributions, but only relative spore sizes were obtained. There was no statistic difference between the method used of spore size measurement between LM, SEM and CC, but spore size was significantly different between strains with a 2.4-fold volume difference between the extremes. Various size distribution and shape parameters were correlated with conidial heat resistance. We found significant correlations in mean spore size, aspect ratio, roundness and skewness in relation to heat resistance, which suggests that these parameters are indicative for the conidial heat resistance of a P. variotii strain.
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122
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Scaramuzza N, Mutti P, Cigarini M, Berni E. Effect of peracetic acid on ascospore-forming molds and test microorganisms used for bio-validations of sanitizing processes in food plants. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 332:108772. [PMID: 32622248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Industrial sterilization of packaging and filling machineries by peracetic acid (PAA) is a widespread practice. In our study we assessed the resistance to PAA of three ascospore-forming molds (Chaetomium globosum ATCC 6205; Talaromyces bacillisporus SSICA 10915; Aspergillus hiratsukae SSICA 3913) compared to that of Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 and Bacillus atrophaeus DSM 675, that are currently used as test microorganisms during industrial bio-validations of food packaging and machineries. Tests were carried out at 40 °C using 1,000 mg/l of PAA, with or without a supporting material (aluminium, tin-plate, PET). At all conditions tested, a greater resistance to PAA was registered for C. globosum, followed by T. bacillisporus, A. hiratsukae, A. brasiliensis and B. atrophaeus. D-values of C. globosum varied from 23 to 68 min, whereas T. bacillisporus showed D-values from 83 to 352 s and A. hiratsukae showed D-values from 32 to 65 s. Surprisingly, both test microorganisms (A. brasiliensis and B. atrophaeus) proved less resistant than ascospore-forming molds tested, their D-values being always lower than 30 s. Cells treated without a supporting material proved more resistant than those deposited on plastic or metallic strips, with the exception of tin-plate, where results approaching those obtained without a supporting materials were obtained. Based on the results obtained in this paper, test microorganisms currently used for bio-validations in industrial plants and also heat-resistant strains proved sensibly less resistant to PAA than C. globosum. Therefore, for practical purposes C. globosum should be furtherly studied to understand if its use during bio-validations of sanitizing processes could lead to more performing results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Scaramuzza
- Stazione Sperimentale per l'Industria delle Conserve Alimentari, SSICA, Viale F. Tanara, 31/A, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Mutti
- Stazione Sperimentale per l'Industria delle Conserve Alimentari, SSICA, Viale F. Tanara, 31/A, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo Cigarini
- Stazione Sperimentale per l'Industria delle Conserve Alimentari, SSICA, Viale F. Tanara, 31/A, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Elettra Berni
- Stazione Sperimentale per l'Industria delle Conserve Alimentari, SSICA, Viale F. Tanara, 31/A, 43121 Parma, Italy.
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123
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Shi Q, Liu Y, Shi A, Cai Z, Nian H, Hartmann M, Lian T. Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Communities of Aluminum-Tolerant and -Sensitive Soybean Genotypes Respond Differently to Aluminum Stress in an Acid Soil. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1177. [PMID: 32547532 PMCID: PMC7270577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Different soybean genotypes can differ in their tolerance toward aluminum stress depending on their rhizosphere-inhabiting microorganisms. However, there is limited understanding of the response of fungal communities to different aluminum concentrations across different genotypes. Here, we used metabarcoding of fungal ribosomal markers to assess the effects of aluminum stress on the rhizosphere fungal community of aluminum-tolerant and aluminum-sensitive soybean genotypes. Shifts in fungal community structure were related to changes in plant biomass, fungal abundance and soil chemical properties. Aluminum stress increased the difference in fungal community structure between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. Penicillium, Cladosporium and Talaromyces increased with increasing aluminum concentration. These taxa associated with the aluminum-tolerant genotypes were enriched at the highest aluminum concentration. Moreover, complexity of the co-occurrence network associated with the tolerant genotypes increased at the highest aluminum concentration. Collectively, increasing aluminum concentrations magnified the differences in fungal community structure between the two studied tolerant and sensitive soybean genotypes. This study highlights the possibility to focus on rhizosphere fungal communities as potential breeding target to produce crops that are more tolerant toward heavy metal stress or toxicity in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihan Shi
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuantai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aoqing Shi
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhandong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tengxiang Lian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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124
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Ezekiel CN, Kraak B, Sandoval-Denis M, Sulyok M, Oyedele OA, Ayeni KI, Makinde OM, Akinyemi OM, Krska R, Crous PW, Houbraken J. Diversity and toxigenicity of fungi and description of Fusarium madaense sp. nov. from cereals, legumes and soils in north-central Nigeria. MycoKeys 2020; 67:95-124. [PMID: 32565683 PMCID: PMC7295817 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.67.52716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycological investigation of various foods (mainly cowpea, groundnut, maize, rice, sorghum) and agricultural soils from two states in north-central Nigeria (Nasarawa and Niger), was conducted in order to understand the role of filamentous fungi in food contamination and public health. A total of 839 fungal isolates were recovered from 84% of the 250 food and all 30 soil samples. Preliminary identifications were made, based on macro- and micromorphological characters. Representative strains (n = 121) were studied in detail using morphology and DNA sequencing, involving genera/species-specific markers, while extrolite profiles using LC-MS/MS were obtained for a selection of strains. The representative strains grouped in seven genera (Aspergillus, Fusarium, Macrophomina, Meyerozyma, Neocosmospora, Neotestudina and Phoma). Amongst the 21 species that were isolated during this study was one novel species belonging to the Fusariumfujikuroi species complex, F.madaensesp. nov., obtained from groundnut and sorghum in Nasarawa state. The examined strains produced diverse extrolites, including several uncommon compounds: averantinmethylether in A.aflatoxiformans; aspergillimide in A.flavus; heptelidic acid in A.austwickii; desoxypaxillin, kotanin A and paspalitrems (A and B) in A.aflatoxiformans, A.austwickii and A.cerealis; aurasperon C, dimethylsulochrin, fellutanine A, methylorsellinic acid, nigragillin and pyrophen in A.brunneoviolaceus; cyclosporins (A, B, C and H) in A.niger; methylorsellinic acid, pyrophen and secalonic acid in A.piperis; aspulvinone E, fonsecin, kojic acid, kotanin A, malformin C, pyranonigrin and pyrophen in A.vadensis; and all compounds in F.madaense sp. nov., Meyerozyma, Neocosmospora and Neotestudina. This study provides snapshot data for prediction of food contamination and fungal biodiversity exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibundu N Ezekiel
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria.,Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Tulln Austria
| | - Bart Kraak
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Sandoval-Denis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Tulln Austria
| | - Oluwawapelumi A Oyedele
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria
| | - Kolawole I Ayeni
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria
| | - Oluwadamilola M Makinde
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin M Akinyemi
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria
| | - Rudolf Krska
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Tulln Austria.,Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK Queen's University Belfast Belfast United Kingdom
| | - Pedro W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Utrecht Netherlands
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Coelho E, Reis TA, Cotrim M, Mullan TK, Corrêa B. Resistant fungi isolated from contaminated uranium mine in Brazil shows a high capacity to uptake uranium from water. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126068. [PMID: 32045976 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Osamu Utsumi uranium mine occupies a 20 km2 area in the city of Caldas, which is located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Since mining activities ended at Osamu Utsumi 24 years ago, the surrounding area has become contaminated by acid effluents containing high concentrations of uranium. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the uranium bioremediation capacity of 57 fungi isolated from the mine area. In tolerance tests, 38% (22) of the fungal isolates were considered tolerant to uranium, including 10 Penicillium species. At a uranium concentration of 2000 mg L-1 48 fungi did not exhibit mycelial growth index inhibition. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis showed growth of 25 fungi above a uranium concentration of 8000 mg L-1. At high uranium concentrations, some fungi (i.e., Talaromyces amestolkiae and Penicillium citrinum) showed morphological changes and pigment (melanin) production. Among the fungal isolates, those considered to be more tolerant to uranium were isolated from soil and sediment samples containing higher concentrations of heavy metal. When comparing the results of resistance/tolerance tests with those for uranium biosorption capacity, we concluded that the fungi isolated from the Osamu Utsumi mine with the best potential for uranium bioremediation were Gongronella butleri, Penicillium piscarium, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium ludwigii, and Talaromyces amestolkiae. Biosorption tests with live fungal biomass showed that 11 species had a high potential for uranium uptake from contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ednei Coelho
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, CEP, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Alves Reis
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, CEP, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marycel Cotrim
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente (CQMA) - Instituto de Pesquisa Energéticas e Nucleares. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, CEP, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thomas K Mullan
- Civil & Environmental Engineering - University of Strathclyde. James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Benedito Corrêa
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, CEP, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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126
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Barral B, Chillet M, Doizy A, Grassi M, Ragot L, Léchaudel M, Durand N, Rose LJ, Viljoen A, Schorr-Galindo S. Diversity and Toxigenicity of Fungi that Cause Pineapple Fruitlet Core Rot. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12050339. [PMID: 32455651 PMCID: PMC7291148 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12050339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identity of the fungi responsible for fruitlet core rot (FCR) disease in pineapple has been the subject of investigation for some time. This study describes the diversity and toxigenic potential of fungal species causing FCR in La Reunion, an island in the Indian Ocean. One-hundred-and-fifty fungal isolates were obtained from infected and healthy fruitlets on Reunion Island and exclusively correspond to two genera of fungi: Fusarium and Talaromyces. The genus Fusarium made up 79% of the isolates, including 108 F. ananatum, 10 F. oxysporum, and one F. proliferatum. The genus Talaromyces accounted for 21% of the isolated fungi, which were all Talaromyces stollii. As the isolated fungal strains are potentially mycotoxigenic, identification and quantification of mycotoxins were carried out on naturally or artificially infected diseased fruits and under in vitro cultures of potential toxigenic isolates. Fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB1-FB2) and beauvericin (BEA) were found in infected fruitlets of pineapple and in the culture media of Fusarium species. Regarding the induction of mycotoxin in vitro, F.proliferatum produced 182 mg kg⁻1 of FB1 and F. oxysporum produced 192 mg kg⁻1 of BEA. These results provide a better understanding of the causal agents of FCR and their potential risk to pineapple consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Barral
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, Reunion, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262-2-62-49-27-88
| | - Marc Chillet
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, Reunion, France
| | - Anna Doizy
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, Reunion, France;
| | - Maeva Grassi
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
| | - Laetitia Ragot
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
| | - Mathieu Léchaudel
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, F-97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Noel Durand
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Lindy Joy Rose
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa; (L.J.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Altus Viljoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa; (L.J.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Sabine Schorr-Galindo
- Qualisud, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, F-34398 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (M.G.); (L.R.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (S.S.-G.)
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Venkatachalam M, Shum-Chéong-Sing A, Dufossé L, Fouillaud M. Statistical Optimization of the Physico-Chemical Parameters for Pigment Production in Submerged Fermentation of Talaromyces albobiverticillius 30548. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050711. [PMID: 32403428 PMCID: PMC7284600 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Talaromyces albobiverticillius 30548 is a marine-derived pigment producing filamentous fungus, isolated from the La Réunion island, in the Indian Ocean. The objective of this study was to examine and optimize the submerged fermentation (SmF) process parameters such as initial pH (4–9), temperature (21–27 °C), agitation speed (100–200 rpm), and fermentation time (0–336 h), for maximum production of pigments (orange and red) and biomass, using the Box–Behnken Experimental Design and Response Surface Modeling (BBED and RSM). This methodology allowed consideration of multifactorial interactions between a set of parameters. Experiments were carried out based on the BBED using 250 mL shake flasks, with a 100 mL working volume of potato dextrose broth (PDB). From the experimental data, mathematical models were developed to predict the pigments and biomass yields. The individual and interactive effects of the process variables on the responses were also investigated (RSM). The optimal conditions for maximum production of pigments and biomass were derived by the numerical optimization method, as follows—initial pH of 6.4, temperature of 24 °C, agitation speed of 164 rpm, and fermentation time of 149 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekala Venkatachalam
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels-EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, Ile de la Réunion, France; (M.V.); (A.S.-C.-S.); (L.D.)
| | - Alain Shum-Chéong-Sing
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels-EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, Ile de la Réunion, France; (M.V.); (A.S.-C.-S.); (L.D.)
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels-EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, Ile de la Réunion, France; (M.V.); (A.S.-C.-S.); (L.D.)
- Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien-ESIROI, 2 Rue Joseph Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Mireille Fouillaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels-EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, Ile de la Réunion, France; (M.V.); (A.S.-C.-S.); (L.D.)
- Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien-ESIROI, 2 Rue Joseph Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262-262-483-363
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128
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Antioxidant Activity and Role of Culture Condition in the Optimization of Red Pigment Production by Talaromyces purpureogenus KKP Through Response Surface Methodology. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1780-1789. [PMID: 32328751 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The red pigment production by Talaromyces purpureogenus KKP, a soil isolate, was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) in the present study. The cultural parameters, such as pH, temperature, dextrose, and peptone concentrations, were optimized for red pigment production using the central composite design (CCD) experimental design. A second-order quadratic model was used to calculate the relationships between the values at different levels of response. The optimum values of the selected variables under coded factors are 6.0, 27 °C, 2.25%, and 1.10% for pH, temperature, dextrose, and peptone, respectively. The selected variables were most effective in the enhancement of red pigment production at optimized culture conditions. In addition to optimization, the antioxidant activity of the pigment isolated in the present study was found to be promising with IC50 value (40 µg/ml). The HRMS data revealed the identification of delphinidin, limonene, 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin, D-mannose 6-phosphate, and CDP-DG (18:0/18:0). The results of the present investigation will be added to the existing literature of red pigment production and its optimization by T. purpureogenus.
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129
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Susca A, Villani A, Moretti A, Stea G, Logrieco A. Identification of toxigenic fungal species associated with maize ear rot: Calmodulin as single informative gene. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 319:108491. [PMID: 31935649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate identification of fungi occurring on agrofood products is the key aspect of any prevention and pest management program, offering valuable information in leading crop health and food safety. Fungal species misidentification can dramatically impact biodiversity assessment, ecological studies, management decisions, and, concerning toxigenic fungi, health risk assessment, since they can produce a wide range of toxic secondary metabolites, referred to as mycotoxins. Since each toxigenic fungal species can have its own mycotoxin profile, a correct species identification, hereby attempted with universal DNA barcoding approach, could have a key role in mycotoxins prevention strategies. Currently, identification of single marker for species resolution in fungi has not been achieved and the analysis of multiple genes is used, with the advantage of an accurate species identification and disadvantage of difficult setting up of PCR-based diagnostic assays. In the present paper, we describe our strategy to set up a DNA-based species identification of fungal species associated with maize ear rot, combining DNA barcoding approach and species-specific primers design for PCR based assays. We have (i) investigated the appropriate molecular marker for species identification, limited to mycobiota possibly occurring on maize, identifying calmodulin gene as single taxonomically informative entity; (ii) designed 17 sets of primers for rapid identification of 14 Fusarium, 10 Aspergillus, 2 Penicillium, and 2 Talaromyces species or species groups, and finally (iii) tested specificity of the 17 set of primers, in combination with 3 additional sets previously developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Susca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Villani
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Stea
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
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130
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Newly reported alkaloids produced by marine-derived Penicillium species (covering 2014-2018). Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103840. [PMID: 32305696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids, especially heterocyclic alkaloids, have received remarkable attention due to their intriguing structures and potential pharmacological activities. The marine fungi residing in extreme environmental conditions are among the richest sources of these basic nitrogen-containing compounds. Fungal species belonging to the genus Penicillium have been studied worldwide for their biosynthetic potential for generating bioactive alkaloids. This paper offers a systematic review of the newly reported alkaloids produced by marine-derived Penicillium species over the past five years (covering the literature from the beginning of 2014 through the end of 2018) and describes the structural diversity, biological activities, and plausible biosynthetic pathway of the reported compounds. A total of 106 alkaloids and 81 references are included in this review, which is expected to be beneficial for drug development and biosynthesis in the near future.
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131
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Ezekiel CN, Oyedele OA, Kraak B, Ayeni KI, Sulyok M, Houbraken J, Krska R. Fungal Diversity and Mycotoxins in Low Moisture Content Ready-To-Eat Foods in Nigeria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:615. [PMID: 32328050 PMCID: PMC7161469 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low moisture content ready-to-eat foods vended in Nigerian markets could be pre-packaged or packaged at point of sale. These foods are widely and frequently consumed across Nigeria as quick foods. Despite their importance in the daily diets of Nigerians, a comprehensive study on the diversity of fungi, fungal metabolite production potential, and mycotoxin contamination in the foods has not yet been reported. Therefore, this study assessed the diversity of fungi in 70 samples of low moisture content ready-to-eat foods [cheese balls, garri (cassava-based), granola (a mix of cereals and nuts) and popcorn] in Nigeria by applying a polyphasic approach including morphological examination, genera/species-specific gene marker sequencing and secondary metabolite profiling of fungal cultures. Additionally, mycotoxin levels in the foods were determined by LC-MS/MS. Fungal strains (n = 148) were recovered only from garri. Molecular analysis of 107 representative isolates revealed 27 species belonging to 12 genera: Acremonium, Allophoma, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Microdochium, Penicillium, Sarocladium, Talaromyces, and Tolypocladium in the Ascomycota, and Fomitopsis and Trametes in the Basidiomycota. To the best of our knowledge Allophoma, Fomitopsis, Microdochium, Tolypocladium, and Trametes are reported in African food for the first time. A total of 21 uncommon metabolites were found in cultures of the following species: andrastin A and sporogen AO1 in Aspergillus flavus; paspalin in A. brunneoviolaceus; lecanoic acid and rugulusovin in A. sydowii; sclerotin A in P. citrinum and Talaromyces siamensis; barceloneic acid, festuclavine, fumigaclavine, isochromophilons (IV, VI, and IX), ochrephilone, sclerotioramin, and sclerotiorin in P. sclerotium; epoxyagroclavine, infectopyron, methylorsellinic acid and trichodermamide C in P. steckii; moniliformin and sporogen AO1 in P. copticola; and aminodimethyloctadecanol in Tolypocladium. Twenty-four mycotoxins in addition to other 73 fungal and plant toxins were quantified in the foods. In garri, cheeseballs, popcorn and granola were 1, 6, 12, and 23 mycotoxins detected, respectively. Deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, moniliformin, aflatoxins and citrinin contaminated 37, 31, 31, 20, and 14% of all food samples, respectively. Overall, citrinin had the highest mean concentration of 1481 μg/kg in the foods, suggesting high citrinin exposures in the Nigerian populace. Fungal and mycotoxin contamination of the foods depend on pre-food and post-food processing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibundu N. Ezekiel
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Nigeria
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA–Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | | | - Bart Kraak
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan, Netherlands
| | - Kolawole I. Ayeni
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Nigeria
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA–Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan, Netherlands
| | - Rudolf Krska
- Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA–Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Aboutalebian S, Mahmoudi S, Okhovat A, Khodavaisy S, Mirhendi H. Otomycosis Due to the Rare Fungi Talaromyces purpurogenus, Naganishia albida and Filobasidium magnum. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:569-575. [PMID: 32232764 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Otomycosis is a common finding in otorhinolaryngology clinics and is usually caused by species of Candida and Aspergillus, particularly black aspergilli. Meanwhile, other fungi can give rise to this infection, and the identification of these requires accurate methods. Here, we report three cases of otomycosis due to rare fungal pathogens. All the patients were young females, and manipulation of the ear canal was identified as a common potentially predisposing factor. In direct examination, filamentous fungal elements (in one case) and yeast cells (in two other cases) were seen. Culture was positive in all cases. Based on PCR-sequencing of internal transcribed spacers and β-tubulin (for mold isolate), the isolated fungi were identified as Talaromyces purpurogenus, Naganishia albida and Filobasidium magnum. By susceptibility testing of the isolates to fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B, the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration values were observed for amphotericin B followed by voriconazole. Patients were successfully treated by a combination of antifungals and corticosteroids with no relapse over the next year, except for the case due to F. magnum, in which, despite partial recovery, a course of relapse was reported in the 1-year follow-up call.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Aboutalebian
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahram Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Okhovat
- Department of Otolaryngology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirhendi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Stošić S, Ristić D, Gašić K, Starović M, Ljaljević Grbić M, Vukojević J, Živković S. Talaromyces minioluteus: New Postharvest Fungal Pathogen in Serbia. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:656-667. [PMID: 31961769 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-19-1806-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Talaromyces minioluteus is one of the important species of genus Talaromyces, which has cosmopolitan distribution and is encountered on a wide range of different habitats. This species has not been considered as an important plant pathogen, even though it has been isolated from various plant hosts. Fruits and vegetables with Penicillium-like mold symptoms were collected from 2015 to 2017 from markets in Serbia. Isolates originating from quince, tomato, and orange fruits, onion bulbs, and potato tubers were identified and characterized on a morphological, physiological, and molecular level. Morphological and physiological examination included observing micromorphology, testing growth on six different media and at five different temperatures, and production of three enzymes. Molecular identification and characterization were performed using four molecular markers: internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, calmodulin, and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II second largest subunit. The results of morphological and molecular analyses were in agreement, and they proved that the obtained isolates are T. minioluteus. In the pathogenicity assay, T. minioluteus was confirmed as a pathogen of all species tested with the exception of potato tubers. This is the first report of T. minioluteus as a postharvest plant pathogen on quince, tomato, and orange fruit and onion bulbs. Also, this is the first record of T. minioluteus in Serbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stošić
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Ristić
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Gašić
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mira Starović
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Ljaljević Grbić
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vukojević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Živković
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Houbraken J, Kocsubé S, Visagie C, Yilmaz N, Wang XC, Meijer M, Kraak B, Hubka V, Bensch K, Samson R, Frisvad J. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera ( Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Stud Mycol 2020; 95:5-169. [PMID: 32855739 PMCID: PMC7426331 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Eurotiales is a relatively large order of Ascomycetes with members frequently having positive and negative impact on human activities. Species within this order gain attention from various research fields such as food, indoor and medical mycology and biotechnology. In this article we give an overview of families and genera present in the Eurotiales and introduce an updated subgeneric, sectional and series classification for Aspergillus and Penicillium. Finally, a comprehensive list of accepted species in the Eurotiales is given. The classification of the Eurotiales at family and genus level is traditionally based on phenotypic characters, and this classification has since been challenged using sequence-based approaches. Here, we re-evaluated the relationships between families and genera of the Eurotiales using a nine-gene sequence dataset. Based on this analysis, the new family Penicillaginaceae is introduced and four known families are accepted: Aspergillaceae, Elaphomycetaceae, Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae. The Eurotiales includes 28 genera: 15 genera are accommodated in the Aspergillaceae (Aspergillago, Aspergillus, Evansstolkia, Hamigera, Leiothecium, Monascus, Penicilliopsis, Penicillium, Phialomyces, Pseudohamigera, Pseudopenicillium, Sclerocleista, Warcupiella, Xerochrysium and Xeromyces), eight in the Trichocomaceae (Acidotalaromyces, Ascospirella, Dendrosphaera, Rasamsonia, Sagenomella, Talaromyces, Thermomyces, Trichocoma), two in the Thermoascaceae (Paecilomyces, Thermoascus) and one in the Penicillaginaceae (Penicillago). The classification of the Elaphomycetaceae was not part of this study, but according to literature two genera are present in this family (Elaphomyces and Pseudotulostoma). The use of an infrageneric classification system has a long tradition in Aspergillus and Penicillium. Most recent taxonomic studies focused on the sectional level, resulting in a well-established sectional classification in these genera. In contrast, a series classification in Aspergillus and Penicillium is often outdated or lacking, but is still relevant, e.g., the allocation of a species to a series can be highly predictive in what functional characters the species might have and might be useful when using a phenotype-based identification. The majority of the series in Aspergillus and Penicillium are invalidly described and here we introduce a new series classification. Using a phylogenetic approach, often supported by phenotypic, physiologic and/or extrolite data, Aspergillus is subdivided in six subgenera, 27 sections (five new) and 75 series (73 new, one new combination), and Penicillium in two subgenera, 32 sections (seven new) and 89 series (57 new, six new combinations). Correct identification of species belonging to the Eurotiales is difficult, but crucial, as the species name is the linking pin to information. Lists of accepted species are a helpful aid for researchers to obtain a correct identification using the current taxonomic schemes. In the most recent list from 2014, 339 Aspergillus, 354 Penicillium and 88 Talaromyces species were accepted. These numbers increased significantly, and the current list includes 446 Aspergillus (32 % increase), 483 Penicillium (36 % increase) and 171 Talaromyces (94 % increase) species, showing the large diversity and high interest in these genera. We expanded this list with all genera and species belonging to the Eurotiales (except those belonging to Elaphomycetaceae). The list includes 1 187 species, distributed over 27 genera, and contains MycoBank numbers, collection numbers of type and ex-type cultures, subgenus, section and series classification data, information on the mode of reproduction, and GenBank accession numbers of ITS, beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) gene sequences.
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Key Words
- Acidotalaromyces Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Acidotalaromyces lignorum (Stolk) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Ascospirella Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Ascospirella lutea (Zukal) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Aspergillus chaetosartoryae Hubka, Kocsubé & Houbraken
- Classification
- Evansstolkia Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Evansstolkia leycettana (H.C. Evans & Stolk) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Hamigera brevicompacta (H.Z. Kong) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Infrageneric classification
- New combinations, series
- New combinations, species
- New genera
- New names
- New sections
- New series
- New taxa
- Nomenclature
- Paecilomyces lagunculariae (C. Ram) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Penicillaginaceae Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Penicillago kabunica (Baghd.) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Penicillago mirabilis (Beliakova & Milko) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Penicillago moldavica (Milko & Beliakova) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Phialomyces arenicola (Chalab.) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Phialomyces humicoloides (Bills & Heredia) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Phylogeny
- Polythetic classes
- Pseudohamigera Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Pseudohamigera striata (Raper & Fennell) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Talaromyces resinae (Z.T. Qi & H.Z. Kong) Houbraken & X.C. Wang
- Talaromyces striatoconidius Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Taxonomic novelties: New family
- Thermoascus verrucosus (Samson & Tansey) Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- Thermoascus yaguchii Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson
- in Aspergillus: sect. Bispori S.W. Peterson, Varga, Frisvad, Samson ex Houbraken
- in Aspergillus: ser. Acidohumorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- in Aspergillus: ser. Inflati (Stolk & Samson) Houbraken & Frisvad
- in Penicillium: sect. Alfrediorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- in Penicillium: ser. Adametziorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- in Penicillium: ser. Alutacea (Pitt) Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Crypta Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Eremophila Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Formosana Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Griseola Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Inusitata Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Lasseniorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Polypaecilum Houbraken & Frisvad
- sect. Raperorum S.W. Peterson, Varga, Frisvad, Samson ex Houbraken
- sect. Silvatici S.W. Peterson, Varga, Frisvad, Samson ex Houbraken
- sect. Vargarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Alliacei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Ambigui Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Angustiporcata Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Arxiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Atramentosa Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Aurantiobrunnei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Avenacei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Bertholletiarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Biplani Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Brevicompacta Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Brevipedes Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Brunneouniseriati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Buchwaldiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Calidousti Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Canini Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Carbonarii Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Cavernicolarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Cervini Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Chevalierorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Cinnamopurpurea Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Circumdati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Clavigera Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Conjuncti Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Copticolarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Coremiiformes Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Corylophila Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Costaricensia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Cremei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Crustacea (Pitt) Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Dalearum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Deflecti Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Egyptiaci Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Erubescentia (Pitt) Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Estinogena Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Euglauca Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Fennelliarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Flavi Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Flavipedes Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Fortuita Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Fumigati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Funiculosi Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Gallaica Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Georgiensia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Goetziorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Gracilenta Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Halophilici Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Herqueorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Heteromorphi Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Hoeksiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Homomorphi Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Idahoensia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Implicati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Improvisa Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Indica Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Japonici Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Jiangxiensia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Kalimarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Kiamaensia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Kitamyces Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Lapidosa (Pitt) Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Leporum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Leucocarpi Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Livida Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Longicatenata Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Macrosclerotiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Monodiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Multicolores Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Neoglabri Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Neonivei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Nidulantes Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Nigri Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Nivei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Nodula Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Nomiarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Noonimiarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Ochraceorosei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Olivimuriarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Osmophila Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Paradoxa Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Paxillorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Penicillioides Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Phoenicea Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Pinetorum (Pitt) Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Polypaecilum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Pulvini Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Quercetorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Raistrickiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Ramigena Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Restricti Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Robsamsonia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Rolfsiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Roseopurpurea Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Rubri Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Salinarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Samsoniorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Saturniformia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Scabrosa Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Sclerotigena Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Sclerotiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Sheariorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Simplicissima Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Soppiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Sparsi Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Spathulati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Spelaei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Speluncei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Spinulosa Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Stellati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Steyniorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Sublectatica Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Sumatraensia Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Tamarindosolorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Teporium Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Terrei Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Thermomutati Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Thiersiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Thomiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Unguium Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Unilaterales Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Usti Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Verhageniorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Versicolores Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Virgata Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Viridinutantes Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Vitricolarum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Wentiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Westlingiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Whitfieldiorum Houbraken & Frisvad
- ser. Xerophili Houbraken & Frisvad
- series Tularensia (Pitt) Houbraken & Frisvad
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S. Kocsubé
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - C.M. Visagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, P. Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - N. Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, P. Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - X.-C. Wang
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, 1st Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - M. Meijer
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B. Kraak
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - V. Hubka
- Department of Botany, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K. Bensch
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R.A. Samson
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J.C. Frisvad
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, B. 221, Kongens Lyngby, DK 2800, Denmark
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Gebbie L, Dam TT, Ainscough R, Palfreyman R, Cao L, Harrison M, O'Hara I, Speight R. A snapshot of microbial diversity and function in an undisturbed sugarcane bagasse pile. BMC Biotechnol 2020; 20:12. [PMID: 32111201 PMCID: PMC7049217 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane bagasse is a major source of lignocellulosic biomass, yet its economic potential is not fully realised. To add value to bagasse, processing is needed to gain access to the embodied recalcitrant biomaterials. When bagasse is stored in piles in the open for long periods it is colonised by microbes originating from the sugarcane, the soil nearby or spores in the environment. For these microorganisms to proliferate they must digest the bagasse to access carbon for growth. The microbial community in bagasse piles is thus a potential resource for the discovery of useful and novel microbes and industrial enzymes. We used culturing and metabarcoding to understand the diversity of microorganisms found in a uniquely undisturbed bagasse storage pile and screened the cultured organisms for fibre-degrading enzymes. RESULTS Samples collected from 60 to 80 cm deep in the bagasse pile showed hemicellulose and partial lignin degradation. One hundred and four microbes were cultured from different layers and included a high proportion of oleaginous yeast and biomass-degrading fungi. Overall, 70, 67, 70 and 57% of the microbes showed carboxy-methyl cellulase, xylanase, laccase and peroxidase activity, respectively. These percentages were higher in microbes selectively cultured from deep layers, with all four activities found for 44% of these organisms. Culturing and amplicon sequencing showed that there was less diversity and therefore more selection in the deeper layers, which were dominated by thermophiles and acid tolerant organisms, compared with the top of pile. Amplicon sequencing indicated that novel fungi were present in the pile. CONCLUSIONS A combination of culture-dependent and independent methods was successful in exploring the diversity in the bagasse pile. The variety of species that was found and that are known for biomass degradation shows that the bagasse pile was a valuable selective environment for the identification of new microbes and enzymes with biotechnological potential. In particular, lignin-modifying activities have not been reported previously for many of the species that were identified, suggesting future studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Gebbie
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Tuan Tu Dam
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Rebecca Ainscough
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Robin Palfreyman
- Metabolomics Australia, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Li Cao
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Mark Harrison
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Ian O'Hara
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Robert Speight
- Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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136
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Nguyen TTT, Pangging M, Bangash NK, Lee HB. Five New Records of the Family Aspergillaceae in Korea, Aspergillus europaeus, A. pragensis, A. tennesseensis, Penicillium fluviserpens, and P. scabrosum. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:81-94. [PMID: 32363036 PMCID: PMC7178850 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1726563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
During an investigation of the fungi from the Aspergillaceae family obtained from different environmental sources in Korea, we isolated six strains, including CNUFC WJC9-1, CNUFC BPM36-33, CNUFC MSW6, CNUFC ESW1, CNUFC TM6-2, and CNUFC WD17-1. The morphology and phylogeny of these isolates were analyzed based on their partial β-tubulin (BenA) and calmodulin (CaM) gene sequences. Based on the morphological characteristics and sequence analyses, the isolates CNUFC WJC9-1, CNUFC BPM36-33, CNUFC TM6-2, and CNUFC WD17-1 were identified as A. europaeus, A. pragensis, Penicillium fluviserpens, and P. scabrosum, respectively, and isolates CNUFC MSW6 and CNUFC ESW1 were identified as A. tennesseensis. To the best of our knowledge, the species A. europaeus, A. pragensis, A. tennesseensis, P. fluviserpens, and P. scabrosum have not been previously reported in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuong T. T. Nguyen
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Monmi Pangging
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Naila Khan Bangash
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyang Burm Lee
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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137
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Andrianopoulos A. Laboratory Maintenance and Growth of Talaromyces marneffei. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:e97. [PMID: 32040264 DOI: 10.1002/cpmc.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei is an important opportunistic human pathogen endemic to Southeast Asia. It is one of a number of pathogenic fungi that exhibits thermally controlled dimorphism. At 25°C, T. marneffei grows in a multicellular, filamentous hyphal form that can differentiate to produce dormant spores called conidia. These conidia are the likely infectious agent. At 37°C, T. marneffei grows as a uninucleate yeast that divides by fission. The yeast cells are the pathogenic form of this fungus. The protocols described here explain how to grow T. marneffei in the two vegetative growth forms in vitro, grow yeast cells inside mammalian macrophages, produce conidial stocks, and store strains both short and long term. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Basic Protocol 1: Growth of the vegetative hyphal form on solid medium Alternate Protocol 1: Growth of the vegetative hyphal form in liquid suspension Basic Protocol 2: Growth of the vegetative yeast form on solid medium Alternate Protocol 2: Growth of the vegetative yeast form in liquid suspension Basic Protocol 3: Growth for production of dormant conidia Support Protocol: Preparation of Miracloth filter tubes Basic Protocol 4: Growth of Talaromyces marneffei in mammalian macrophages Basic Protocol 5: Storage of Talaromyces marneffei strains Alternate Protocol 3: Lyophilization of Talaromyces marneffei strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Andrianopoulos
- Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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138
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Characterization of Penicillium s.s. and Aspergillus sect. nigri causing postharvest rots of pomegranate fruit in Southern Italy. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 314:108389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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139
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Li L, Chen K, Dhungana N, Jang Y, Chaturvedi V, Desmond E. Characterization of Clinical Isolates of Talaromyces marneffei and Related Species, California, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:1765-1768. [PMID: 31441765 PMCID: PMC6711226 DOI: 10.3201/eid2509.190380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei and other Talaromyces species can cause opportunistic invasive fungal infections. We characterized clinical Talaromyces isolates from patients in California, USA, a non-Talaromyces-endemic area, by a multiphasic approach, including multigene phylogeny, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and phenotypic methods. We identified 10 potentially pathogenic Talaromyces isolates, 2 T. marneffei.
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140
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You YH, Aktaruzzaman M, Heo I, Park JM, Hong JW, Hong SB. Talaromyces halophytorum sp. nov. Isolated from Roots of Limonium tetragonum in Korea. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:133-138. [PMID: 32363041 PMCID: PMC7178876 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1723389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Talaromyces halophytorum sp. nov. was isolated from the roots of halophyte Limonium tetragonum collected from Seocheon-gun, Korea in November 2015. It showed a slow growth on yeast extract sucrose agar at 25 °C, no growth at 4 °C or 37 °C and produced smooth-walled and globose to sub-globose conidia. T. halophytorum is phylogenetically distinct from the other reported Talaromyces species of section Trachyspermi based on multi-locus sequence typing results using partial fragments of β-tubulin, calmodulin, ITS, and RNA polymerase II genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyun You
- Microorganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Md. Aktaruzzaman
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Inbeom Heo
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Jong Myong Park
- Department of Infectious Disease Diagnosis, Incheon Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Hong
- Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energies, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, South Korea
- CONTACT Seung-Beom Hong
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Peng L, Li L, Liu X, Chen J, Shi C, Guo W, Xu Q, Fan G, Liu X, Li D. Chromosome-Level Comprehensive Genome of Mangrove Sediment-Derived Fungus Penicillium variabile HXQ-H-1. J Fungi (Basel) 2019; 6:jof6010007. [PMID: 31878043 PMCID: PMC7151134 DOI: 10.3390/jof6010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Penicillium is an ascomycetous genus widely distributed in the natural environment and is one of the dominant fungi involved in the decomposition of mangroves, which can produce a variety of antitumor compounds and bioactive substances. However, in mangrove ecosystems there is no complete genome in this genus. In this study, we isolated a fungus strain named Penicillium variabile HXQ-H-1 from coast mangrove (Fujian Province, China). We generated a chromosome-level genome with total size of 33.32 Mb, scaffold N50 of 5.23 Mb and contig N50 of 96.74 kb. Additionally, we anchored about 95.91% assembly sequences into the longest seven scaffolds, and predicted 10,622 protein-coding genes, in which 99.66% could be annotated by eight protein databases. The secondary metabolites analysis reveals the strain has various gene clusters involving polyketide synthase (PKS), non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and terpene synthase that may have a largely capacity of biotechnological potential. Comparison genome analysis between Penicillium variabile and Talaromyces islandicus reveals a small difference in the total number of genes, whereas HXQ-H-1 has a higher gene number with COG functional annotation. Evolutionary relationship of Penicillum based on genome-wide data was carried out for the first time, showing the strain HXQ-H-1 is closely related to Talaromyces islandicus. This genomic resource may provide a new resource for development of novel bioactive antibiotics, drug candidates and precursors in Penicillium variabile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Peng
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Liangwei Li
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Xiaochuan Liu
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Jianwei Chen
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Chengcheng Shi
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Wenjie Guo
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Qiwu Xu
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
| | - Guangyi Fan
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xin Liu
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; (L.P.); (L.L.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (G.F.)
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (D.L.); Tel.: +86-532-5571-1134 (X.L.); +86-532-8203-1619 (D.L.)
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (D.L.); Tel.: +86-532-5571-1134 (X.L.); +86-532-8203-1619 (D.L.)
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Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Lombard L, Roets F, Swart WJ, Alvarado P, Carnegie AJ, Moreno G, Luangsaard J, Thangavel R, Alexandrova AV, Baseia IG, Bellanger JM, Bessette AE, Bessette AR, De la Peña-Lastra S, García D, Gené J, Pham THG, Heykoop M, Malysheva E, Malysheva V, Martín MP, Morozova OV, Noisripoom W, Overton BE, Rea AE, Sewall BJ, Smith ME, Smyth CW, Tasanathai K, Visagie CM, Adamčík S, Alves A, Andrade JP, Aninat MJ, Araújo RVB, Bordallo JJ, Boufleur T, Baroncelli R, Barreto RW, Bolin J, Cabero J, Caboň M, Cafà G, Caffot MLH, Cai L, Carlavilla JR, Chávez R, de Castro RRL, Delgat L, Deschuyteneer D, Dios MM, Domínguez LS, Evans HC, Eyssartier G, Ferreira BW, Figueiredo CN, Liu F, Fournier J, Galli-Terasawa LV, Gil-Durán C, Glienke C, Gonçalves MFM, Gryta H, Guarro J, Himaman W, Hywel-Jones N, Iturrieta-González I, Ivanushkina NE, Jargeat P, Khalid AN, Khan J, Kiran M, Kiss L, Kochkina GA, Kolařík M, Kubátová A, Lodge DJ, Loizides M, Luque D, Manjón JL, Marbach PAS, Massola NS, Mata M, Miller AN, Mongkolsamrit S, Moreau PA, Morte A, Mujic A, Navarro-Ródenas A, Németh MZ, Nóbrega TF, Nováková A, Olariaga I, Ozerskaya SM, Palma MA, Petters-Vandresen DAL, Piontelli E, Popov ES, Rodríguez A, Requejo Ó, Rodrigues ACM, Rong IH, Roux J, Seifert KA, Silva BDB, Sklenář F, Smith JA, Sousa JO, Souza HG, De Souza JT, Švec K, Tanchaud P, Tanney JB, Terasawa F, Thanakitpipattana D, Torres-Garcia D, Vaca I, Vaghefi N, van Iperen AL, Vasilenko OV, Verbeken A, Yilmaz N, Zamora JC, Zapata M, Jurjević Ž, Groenewald JZ. Fungal Planet description sheets: 951-1041. PERSOONIA 2019; 43:223-425. [PMID: 32214501 PMCID: PMC7085856 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica, Apenidiella antarctica from permafrost, Cladosporium fildesense from an unidentified marine sponge. Argentina, Geastrum wrightii on humus in mixed forest. Australia, Golovinomyces glandulariae on Glandularia aristigera, Neoanungitea eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis, Teratosphaeria corymbiicola on leaves of Corymbia ficifolia, Xylaria eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus radiata. Brazil, Bovista psammophila on soil, Fusarium awaxy on rotten stalks of Zea mays, Geastrum lanuginosum on leaf litter covered soil, Hermetothecium mikaniae-micranthae (incl. Hermetothecium gen. nov.) on Mikania micrantha, Penicillium reconvexovelosoi in soil, Stagonosporopsis vannaccii from pod of Glycine max. British Virgin Isles, Lactifluus guanensis on soil. Canada, Sorocybe oblongispora on resin of Picea rubens. Chile, Colletotrichum roseum on leaves of Lapageria rosea. China, Setophoma caverna from carbonatite in Karst cave. Colombia, Lareunionomyces eucalypticola on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis. Costa Rica, Psathyrella pivae on wood. Cyprus, Clavulina iris on calcareous substrate. France, Chromosera ambigua and Clavulina iris var. occidentalis on soil. French West Indies, Helminthosphaeria hispidissima on dead wood. Guatemala, Talaromyces guatemalensis in soil. Malaysia, Neotracylla pini (incl. Tracyllales ord. nov. and Neotracylla gen. nov.) and Vermiculariopsiella pini on needles of Pinus tecunumanii. New Zealand, Neoconiothyrium viticola on stems of Vitis vinifera, Parafenestella pittospori on Pittosporum tenuifolium, Pilidium novae-zelandiae on Phoenix sp. Pakistan, Russula quercus-floribundae on forest floor. Portugal, Trichoderma aestuarinum from saline water. Russia, Pluteus liliputianus on fallen branch of deciduous tree, Pluteus spurius on decaying deciduous wood or soil. South Africa, Alloconiothyrium encephalarti, Phyllosticta encephalarticola and Neothyrostroma encephalarti (incl. Neothyrostroma gen. nov.) on leaves of Encephalartos sp., Chalara eucalypticola on leaf spots of Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Clypeosphaeria oleae on leaves of Olea capensis, Cylindrocladiella postalofficium on leaf litter of Sideroxylon inerme, Cylindromonium eugeniicola (incl. Cylindromonium gen. nov.) on leaf litter of Eugenia capensis, Cyphellophora goniomatis on leaves of Gonioma kamassi, Nothodactylaria nephrolepidis (incl. Nothodactylaria gen. nov. and Nothodactylariaceae fam. nov.) on leaves of Nephrolepis exaltata, Falcocladium eucalypti and Gyrothrix eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Gyrothrix oleae on leaves of Olea capensis subsp. macrocarpa, Harzia metrosideri on leaf litter of Metrosideros sp., Hippopotamyces phragmitis (incl. Hippopotamyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Phragmites australis, Lectera philenopterae on Philenoptera violacea, Leptosillia mayteni on leaves of Maytenus heterophylla, Lithohypha aloicola and Neoplatysporoides aloes on leaves of Aloe sp., Millesimomyces rhoicissi (incl. Millesimomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Rhoicissus digitata, Neodevriesia strelitziicola on leaf litter of Strelitzia nicolai, Neokirramyces syzygii (incl. Neokirramyces gen. nov.) on leaf spots of Syzygium sp., Nothoramichloridium perseae (incl. Nothoramichloridium gen. nov. and Anungitiomycetaceae fam. nov.) on leaves of Persea americana, Paramycosphaerella watsoniae on leaf spots of Watsonia sp., Penicillium cuddlyae from dog food, Podocarpomyces knysnanus (incl. Podocarpomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Podocarpus falcatus, Pseudocercospora heteropyxidicola on leaf spots of Heteropyxis natalensis, Pseudopenidiella podocarpi, Scolecobasidium podocarpi and Ceramothyrium podocarpicola on leaves of Podocarpus latifolius, Scolecobasidium blechni on leaves of Blechnum capense, Stomiopeltis syzygii on leaves of Syzygium chordatum, Strelitziomyces knysnanus (incl. Strelitziomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Strelitzia alba, Talaromyces clemensii from rotting wood in goldmine, Verrucocladosporium visseri on Carpobrotus edulis. Spain, Boletopsis mediterraneensis on soil, Calycina cortegadensisi on a living twig of Castanea sativa, Emmonsiellopsis tuberculata in fluvial sediments, Mollisia cortegadensis on dead attached twig of Quercus robur, Psathyrella ovispora on soil, Pseudobeltrania lauri on leaf litter of Laurus azorica, Terfezia dunensis in soil, Tuber lucentum in soil, Venturia submersa on submerged plant debris. Thailand, Cordyceps jakajanicola on cicada nymph, Cordyceps kuiburiensis on spider, Distoseptispora caricis on leaves of Carex sp., Ophiocordyceps khonkaenensis on cicada nymph. USA, Cytosporella juncicola and Davidiellomyces juncicola on culms of Juncus effusus, Monochaetia massachusettsianum from air sample, Neohelicomyces melaleucae and Periconia neobrittanica on leaves of Melaleuca styphelioides × lanceolata, Pseudocamarosporium eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Pseudogymnoascus lindneri from sediment in a mine, Pseudogymnoascus turneri from sediment in a railroad tunnel, Pulchroboletus sclerotiorum on soil, Zygosporium pseudomasonii on leaf of Serenoa repens. Vietnam, Boletus candidissimus and Veloporphyrellus vulpinus on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - L Lombard
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F Roets
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - W J Swart
- Department of Plant Sciences (Division of Plant Pathology), University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - P Alvarado
- ALVALAB, La Rochela 47, 39012 Santander, Spain
| | - A J Carnegie
- Forest Health & Biosecurity, Forest Science, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia
| | - G Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Luangsaard
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - R Thangavel
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand
| | - A V Alexandrova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 6 Miklouho-Maclay Str., 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - I G Baseia
- Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - J-M Bellanger
- CEFE, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, INSERM, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - S De la Peña-Lastra
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D García
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Gené
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - T H G Pham
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Saint Petersburg State Forestry University, 194021, 5U Institutsky Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Heykoop
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Malysheva
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - V Malysheva
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - M P Martín
- Real Jardín Botánico RJB-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - O V Morozova
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - W Noisripoom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - B E Overton
- Department of Biology, 205 East Campus Science Center, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA
| | - A E Rea
- Department of Biology, 205 East Campus Science Center, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA
| | - B J Sewall
- Department of Biology, 1900 North 12th Street, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - M E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology & Florida Museum of Natural History, 2527 Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA
| | - C W Smyth
- Department of Biology, 205 East Campus Science Center, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA
| | - K Tasanathai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - C M Visagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
- Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council - Plant Health and Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa
| | - S Adamčík
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J P Andrade
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil and Faculdades Integradas de Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - M J Aninat
- Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Valparaíso, Unidad de Fitopatología, Antonio Varas 120, Valparaíso, Código Postal 2360451, Chile
| | - R V B Araújo
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J J Bordallo
- Laboratorio de Investigacion, San Vicente Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - T Boufleur
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 09, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - R Baroncelli
- Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Calle del Duero, 12; 37185 Villamayor (Salamanca), Spain
| | - R W Barreto
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - J Bolin
- 7340 Viale Sonata, Lake Worth, FL 33467, USA
| | - J Cabero
- Asociación Micológica Zamorana, 49080 Zamora, Spain
| | - M Caboň
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - G Cafà
- CABI Europe-UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK
| | - M L H Caffot
- Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas (INECOA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, CP 4600, San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy, Argentina
| | - L Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - J R Carlavilla
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Chávez
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 917002, Santiago, Chile
| | - R R L de Castro
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 09, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - L Delgat
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - M M Dios
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - L S Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Micología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - H C Evans
- CAB International, UK Centre, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK
| | - G Eyssartier
- Attaché honoraire au Muséum national d'histoire naturelle de Paris, 180 allée du Château, F-24660 Sanilhac, France
| | - B W Ferreira
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | | | - F Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | | | | | - C Gil-Durán
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 917002, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Glienke
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - M F M Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - H Gryta
- Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - J Guarro
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - W Himaman
- Forest Entomology and Microbiology Research Group, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, 61 Phaholyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - N Hywel-Jones
- BioAsia Life Sciences Institute, 1938 Xinqun Rd, Pinghu, Zhejiang 314200, PR China
| | - I Iturrieta-González
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - N E Ivanushkina
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - P Jargeat
- Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - A N Khalid
- Department of Botany, University of Punjab, Quaid e Azam campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - J Khan
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan
| | - M Kiran
- Department of Botany, University of Punjab, Quaid e Azam campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - L Kiss
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - G A Kochkina
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Kolařík
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - A Kubátová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - D J Lodge
- Department of Plant Pathology, 2105 Miller Plant Sciences Bldg., University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA
| | | | - D Luque
- C/Severo Daza 31, 41820 Carrión de los Céspedes (Sevilla), Spain
| | - J L Manjón
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - P A S Marbach
- Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - N S Massola
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 09, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - M Mata
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - A N Miller
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA
| | - S Mongkolsamrit
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - P-A Moreau
- Université de Lille, Faculté de pharmacie de Lille, EA 4483, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - A Morte
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Mujic
- Department of Biology, Fresno State University, 2555 East San Ramon Ave, Fresno CA 93740, USA
| | - A Navarro-Ródenas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M Z Németh
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1022, Herman Otto út 15, Hungary
| | - T F Nóbrega
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - A Nováková
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - I Olariaga
- Biology and Geology Physics and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Rey Juan Carlos university, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - S M Ozerskaya
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M A Palma
- Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Valparaíso, Unidad de Fitopatología, Antonio Varas 120, Valparaíso, Código Postal 2360451, Chile
| | | | - E Piontelli
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Facultad de Medicina, Profesor Emérito Cátedra de Micología, Angámos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar, Código Postal 2540064, Chile
| | - E S Popov
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ó Requejo
- Grupo Micológico Gallego, San Xurxo, A Laxe 12b, 36470, Salceda de Caseleas, Spain
| | - A C M Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - I H Rong
- Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council - Plant Health and Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa
| | - J Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - K A Seifert
- Biodiversity (Mycology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - B D B Silva
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - F Sklenář
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - J A Smith
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0680, USA
| | - J O Sousa
- Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - H G Souza
- Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J T De Souza
- Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - K Švec
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - P Tanchaud
- 2 rue des Espics, F-17250 Soulignonne, France
| | - J B Tanney
- Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 506 Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - F Terasawa
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - D Thanakitpipattana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - D Torres-Garcia
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - I Vaca
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Vaghefi
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - A L van Iperen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - O V Vasilenko
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - A Verbeken
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J C Zamora
- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Zapata
- Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Chillán, Unidad de Fitopatología, Claudio Arrau 738, Chillán, Código Postal 3800773, Chile
| | - Ž Jurjević
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Akinfala TO, Houbraken J, Sulyok M, Adedeji AR, Odebode AC, Krska R, Ezekiel CN. Moulds and their secondary metabolites associated with the fermentation and storage of two cocoa bean hybrids in Nigeria. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 316:108490. [PMID: 31874327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fungi and mycotoxin contamination of cocoa beans during fermentation and storage may constitute a hazard in the cocoa value chain and risk to consumers of its products. In this study, fungal profile and secondary metabolite patterns in two cocoa bean hybrids, F and T series, during fermentation and storage were determined. Additionally, secondary metabolite production by the recovered fungi in the beans was examined in culture media. Fungal isolates spanned six genera and eight species: Aspergillus niger, A. tamarii, Paecilomyces variotii, Penicillium citrinum, Pseudopithomyces palmicola, Simplicillium sp., Talaromyces atroroseus and Talaromyces sp.. In both hybrids, Aspergilli (38%) dominated the other fungi while more than one half of all the fungal isolates were from the beans in storage. Among the diverse secondary metabolites produced in media by the isolates were uncommon compounds, e.g. aspulvinone E produced by A. niger, aspterric acid by P. variotii, scalusamid A and sydowinin A by P. citrinum, norlichexanthone and siccanol by Simplicillium, and fallacinol and orsellinic acid by Talaromyces. The strains of P. citrinum produced up to 372 mg/kg citrinin. Forty-four fungal metabolites were quantified in both bean hybrids across the various processing stages, with about 86% occurring in the fermented beans stored for 30 days. The nephrotoxic citrinin, which was not previously reported in cocoa beans worldwide, was the only mycotoxin found in the fermented beans at overall mean concentration of 368 μg/kg. Additionally, its metabolite, dihydrocitrinone, was detected in fermented and stored beans. Consumption of freshly fermented cocoa beans may result in citrinin exposure. Appropriate fungal and mycotoxin control measures are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taye O Akinfala
- Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Abiodun R Adedeji
- Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Rudolf Krska
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Chibundu N Ezekiel
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria; Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
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145
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Garcia MV, Bernardi AO, Parussolo G, Stefanello A, Lemos JG, Copetti MV. Spoilage fungi in a bread factory in Brazil: Diversity and incidence through the bread-making process. Food Res Int 2019; 126:108593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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146
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Sanitization of packaging and machineries in the food industry: Effect of hydrogen peroxide on ascospores and conidia of filamentous fungi. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 316:108421. [PMID: 31743823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the food industry, sterilization of packaging and filling machines by hydrogen peroxide (HP) is a widespread practice. Its effectiveness is usually tested by means of inactivation tests on selected test microorganisms that were any case chosen without taking into account that food products could be also spoiled by microorganisms presumably resistant to HP. For this reason, the aim of this work was to assess the resistance of different ascospore-forming moulds (Talaromyces bacillisporus, Aspergillus hiratsukae, Chaetomium globosum) to HP, in order to find the most resistant to this kind of chemical stress, and to compare their resistance with that registered for other moulds, including test microorganism Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404. Tests were carried out from 50 to 60 °C on spores or conidia, depending on the strain, either by immersing inoculated strips (aluminium, tin-plate, HDPE, PET) in HP, or by directly inoculating cells in the sanitizing medium. In both tests, T. bacillisporus proved the most resistant strain, followed by A. hiratsukae, C. globosum and A. brasiliensis at all temperatures tested. In test without a supporting material, D values of T. bacillisporus varied from 6 to 23 s. In test with metallic or plastic strips, D values of T. bacillisporus were higher on plastic materials, compared to those obtained on metallic ones up to 53 °C, whereas at higher temperatures D values proved similar. For A. hiratsukae, D values were similar if different materials were compared, except for D50 on aluminium and HDPE, which proved slightly higher (3.1-3.4 s) than those obtained on tin-plate and PET (2.7-2.8 s). Analogously, ascospores of C. globosum behaved in a similar way if different materials were compared, except for D50 values that varied in a wide range (from 2.9 s on tin-plate to 4.0 s on HDPE). A. brasiliensis was rapidly inactivated by the synergistic effect of heat and hydrogen peroxide, so for this strain it was not possible to calculate any D value. Based on the results obtained in this paper, tested ascospore-forming moulds proved to be sensibly more resistant to HP than other heat-sensitive strains tested, their D values always being significantly higher, regardless of the strain considered and the supporting material assessed. Ascospore-forming moulds could be furtherly investigated, as for practical purposes they seemed most suitable as target microorganisms than heat-sensitive microorganisms such as Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404, their use during bio-validations of sanitizing processes on machineries used for refrigerated products (pH > 4.5) or non-refrigerated acid products (pH ≤ 4.5) leading to more performing results.
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147
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Peterson SW, Jurjević Ž. The Talaromyces pinophilus species complex. Fungal Biol 2019; 123:745-762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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148
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Chen C, Sun W, Liu X, Wei M, Liang Y, Wang J, Zhu H, Zhang Y. Anti-inflammatory spiroaxane and drimane sesquiterpenoids from Talaromyces minioluteus (Penicillium minioluteum). Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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149
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Caenorhabditis elegans as a model animal for investigating fungal pathogenesis. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 209:1-13. [PMID: 31555911 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00635-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality associated with systemic fungal infections in humans cannot be underestimated. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has become popular for the in vivo study of the pathogenesis of human fungal pathogens and as an antifungal drug-screening tool. C. elegans offers many advantages as a model organism for the study of human fungal diseases, including lack of ethics requirements, easy maintenance in the laboratory, fully sequenced genome, availability of genetic mutants, and the possibility of liquid assays for high-throughput antifungal screening. Its major drawbacks include the inability to grow at 37 °C and absence of an adaptive immune response. However, several virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of medically important fungal pathogens have been identified using the C. elegans model, consequently providing new leads for drug discovery and potential drug targets. We review the use of C. elegans as a model animal to understand the pathogenesis of medically important human fungal pathogens and the discovery of novel antifungal compounds. The review makes a case for C. elegans as a suitable invertebrate model for a plethora of practical applications in the investigation of fungal pathogenesis as well as its amenability for liquid-based high-throughput screening of potential antifungal compounds.
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150
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Whipple KM, Shmalberg JW, Joyce AC, Beatty SS. Cytologic identification of fungal arthritis in a Labrador Retriever with disseminated
Talaromyces helicus
infection. Vet Clin Pathol 2019; 48:449-454. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kellie M. Whipple
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Justin W. Shmalberg
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Ashley C. Joyce
- University of Florida Veterinary Hospitals University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Sarah S. Beatty
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
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