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Xu J, Zhang Z, Gan S, Gao H, Kong H, Song Z, Ge X, Bao Y, Niu L. Highly Stretchable Fiber-Based Potentiometric Ion Sensors for Multichannel Real-Time Analysis of Human Sweat. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2834-2842. [PMID: 32854495 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wearable potentiometric ion sensors are attracting attention for real-time ion monitoring in biological fluids. One of the key challenges lies in keeping the analytical performances under a stretchable state. Herein, we report a highly stretchable fiber-based ion-selective electrode (ISE) prepared by coating an ion-selective membrane (ISM) on a stretchable gold fiber electrode. The fiber ISE ensures high stretchability up to 200% strain with only 2.1% increase in resistance of the fiber electrode. Owing to a strong attachment between the ISM and gold fiber electrode substrate, the ISE discloses favorable stability and potential repeatability. The Nernst slope of the ion response fluctuates from 59.2 to 57.4 mV/dec between 0 and 200% strain. Minor fluctuation of the intercept (E0) (±4.97 mV) also results. The ISE can endure 1000 cycles at the maximum stretch. Sodium, chloride, and pH fiber sensors were fabricated and integrated into a hairband for real-time analysis of human sweat. The result displays a high accuracy compared with ex situ analysis. The integrated sensors were calibrated before and just after on-body measurements, and they offer reliable results for sweat analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Gan
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Han Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yu Bao
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
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102
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Teymourian H, Parrilla M, Sempionatto JR, Montiel NF, Barfidokht A, Van Echelpoel R, De Wael K, Wang J. Wearable Electrochemical Sensors for the Monitoring and Screening of Drugs. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2679-2700. [PMID: 32822166 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wearable electrochemical sensors capable of noninvasive monitoring of chemical markers represent a rapidly emerging digital-health technology. Recent advances toward wearable continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have ignited tremendous interest in expanding such sensor technology to other important fields. This article reviews for the first time wearable electrochemical sensors for monitoring therapeutic drugs and drugs of abuse. This rapidly emerging class of drug-sensing wearable devices addresses the growing demand for personalized medicine, toward improved therapeutic outcomes while minimizing the side effects of drugs and the related medical expenses. Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of therapeutic drugs within bodily fluids empowers clinicians and patients to correlate the pharmacokinetic properties with optimal outcomes by realizing patient-specific dose regulation and tracking dynamic changes in pharmacokinetics behavior while assuring the medication adherence of patients. Furthermore, wearable electrochemical drug monitoring devices can also serve as powerful screening tools in the hands of law enforcement agents to combat drug trafficking and support on-site forensic investigations. The review covers various wearable form factors developed for noninvasive monitoring of therapeutic drugs in different body fluids and toward on-site screening of drugs of abuse. The future prospects of such wearable drug monitoring devices are presented with the ultimate goals of introducing accurate real-time drug monitoring protocols and autonomous closed-loop platforms toward precise dose regulation and optimal therapeutic outcomes. Finally, current unmet challenges and existing gaps are discussed for motivating future technological innovations regarding personalized therapy. The current pace of developments and the tremendous market opportunities for such wearable drug monitoring platforms are expected to drive intense future research and commercialization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazhir Teymourian
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Marc Parrilla
- AXES Research Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Juliane R. Sempionatto
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Noelia Felipe Montiel
- AXES Research Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abbas Barfidokht
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Robin Van Echelpoel
- AXES Research Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES Research Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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103
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104
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Mazzaracchio V, Fiore L, Nappi S, Marrocco G, Arduini F. Medium-distance affordable, flexible and wireless epidermal sensor for pH monitoring in sweat. Talanta 2020; 222:121502. [PMID: 33167215 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, wearable sensors have gained a key role on biomedical research field for reliable health state monitoring. A wide plethora of physics marker sensors is already commercially available, including activity tracker, heart rate devices, and fitness smartwatch. On the contrary, wearable and epidermal sensors for chemical biomarker monitoring in several biofluids are not ready yet. Herein, we report a wireless and flexible epidermal device for pH monitoring in sweat, fabricated by encompassing a screen-printed potentiometric sensor, an integrated circuit, and antenna embedded onto the same Kapton substrate. An iridium oxide film was electrodeposited onto the graphite working electrode providing the pH sensitive layer, while the integrated circuit board allows for data acquisition and storing. Furthermore, a radio frequency identification antenna surrounding the entire system enables data transmission to an external reader up to nearly 2 m in the most favourable case. The potentiometric sensor was firstly characterised by cyclic voltammetry experiments, then the iridium oxide electrodeposition procedure was optimised. Next, the sensor was tested toward pH detection in buffer solutions with a near-Nernstian response equal to -0.079 ± 0.002 V for unit of pH. Interference studies of common sweat ions, including Na+, K+ and Cl-, showed any influence on the pH sensor response. Finally, the integrated epidermal device was tested for real-time on-body pH sweat monitoring during a running activity. Data recorded for a running subject were wireless transmitted to an external receiver, showing a pH value close to 5.5, in agreement with value obtained by pH-meter reference measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mazzaracchio
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Fiore
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Nappi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Informatics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico,1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marrocco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Informatics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico,1, 00133, Rome, Italy; RADIO6ENSE, Via del Politecnico, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Arduini
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy; SENSE4MED, via Renato Rascel 30, 00128, Rome, Italy.
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105
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Schram J, Parrilla M, Sleegers N, Samyn N, Bijvoets SM, Heerschop MWJ, van Nuijs ALN, De Wael K. Identifying Electrochemical Fingerprints of Ketamine with Voltammetry and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Its Detection in Seized Samples. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13485-13492. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Schram
- AXES Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marc Parrilla
- AXES Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nick Sleegers
- AXES Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nele Samyn
- Drugs and Toxicology Department, National Institute for Criminalistics and Criminology, Vilvoordsesteenweg 100, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan M. Bijvoets
- Dutch Customs Laboratory, Kingsfordweg 1, Amsterdam, 1043 GN, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES Group, Bioscience Engineering Department, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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106
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Qiao L, Benzigar MR, Subramony JA, Lovell NH, Liu G. Advances in Sweat Wearables: Sample Extraction, Real-Time Biosensing, and Flexible Platforms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34337-34361. [PMID: 32579332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Wearable biosensors for sweat-based analysis are gaining wide attention due to their potential use in personal health monitoring. Flexible wearable devices enable sweat analysis at the molecular level, facilitating noninvasive monitoring of physiological states via real-time monitoring of chemical biomarkers. Advances in sweat extraction technology, real-time biosensors, stretchable materials, device integration, and wireless digital technologies have led to the development of wearable sweat-biosensing devices that are light, flexible, comfortable, aesthetic, affordable, and informative. Herein, we summarize recent advances of sweat wearables from the aspects of sweat extraction, fabrication of stretchable biomaterials, and design of biosensing modules to enable continuous biochemical monitoring, which are essential for a biosensing device. Key chemical components of sweat, sweat capture methodologies, and considerations of flexible substrates for integrating real-time biosensors with electronics to bring innovations in the art of wearables are elaborated. The strategies and challenges involved in improving the wearable biosensing performance and the perspectives for designing sweat-based wearable biosensing devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laicong Qiao
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mercy Rose Benzigar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - J Anand Subramony
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Nigel H Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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107
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Steijlen ASM, Bastemeijer J, Groen WA, Jansen KMB, French PJ, Bossche A. Development of a microfluidic collection system to measure electrolyte variations in sweat during exercise. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:4085-4088. [PMID: 33018896 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of electrochemical sweat sensors are recently being developed for real-time monitoring of biomarkers. However, from a physiological perspective, little is known about how sweat biomarkers change over time. This paper presents a method to collect and analyze sweat to identify inter and intraindividual variations of electrolytes during exercise. A new microfluidic sweat collection system is developed which consists of a patch covering the collection surface and a sequence of reservoirs. Na+, Cl- and K+ are measured with ion chromatography afterwards. The measurements show that with the new collector, variations in these ion concentrations can be measured reliably over time.
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108
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109
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Wiorek A, Parrilla M, Cuartero M, Crespo GA. Epidermal Patch with Glucose Biosensor: pH and Temperature Correction toward More Accurate Sweat Analysis during Sport Practice. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10153-10161. [PMID: 32588617 PMCID: PMC7467422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We present an epidermal
patch for glucose analysis in sweat incorporating
for the first time pH and temperature correction according to local
dynamic fluctuations in sweat during on-body tests. This sort of correction
is indeed the main novelty of the paper, being crucial toward reliable
measurements in every sensor based on an enzymatic element whose activity
strongly depends on pH and temperature. The results herein reported
for corrected glucose detection during on-body measurements are supported
by a two-step validation protocol: with the biosensor operating off-
and on-bodily, correlating the results with UV–vis spectrometry
and/or ion chromatography. Importantly, the wearable device is a flexible
skin patch that comprises a microfluidic cell designed with a sweat
collection zone coupled to a fluidic channel in where the needed electrodes
are placed: glucose biosensor, pH potentiometric electrode and a temperature
sensor. The glucose biosensor presents a linear range of response
within the expected physiological levels of glucose in sweat (10–200
μM), and the calibration parameters are dynamically adjusted
to any change in pH and temperature during the sport practice by means
of a new “correction approach”. In addition, the sensor
displays a fast response time, appropriate selectivity, and excellent
reversibility. A total of 9 validated on-body tests are presented:
the outcomes revealed a great potential of the wearable glucose sensor
toward the provision of reliable physiological data linked to individuals
during sport activity. In particular, the developed “correction
approach” is expected to impact into the next generation of
wearable devices that digitalize physiological activities through
chemical information in a trustable manner for both sport and healthcare
applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wiorek
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc Parrilla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - María Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gastón A Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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110
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Pauliukaite R, Voitechovič E. Multisensor Systems and Arrays for Medical Applications Employing Naturally-Occurring Compounds and Materials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3551. [PMID: 32585936 PMCID: PMC7349305 DOI: 10.3390/s20123551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The significant improvement of quality of life achieved over the last decades has stimulated the development of new approaches in medicine to take into account the personal needs of each patient. Precision medicine, providing healthcare customization, opens new horizons in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of numerous diseases. As a consequence, there is a growing demand for novel analytical devices and methods capable of addressing the challenges of precision medicine. For example, various types of sensors or their arrays are highly suitable for simultaneous monitoring of multiple analytes in complex biological media in order to obtain more information about the health status of a patient or to follow the treatment process. Besides, the development of sustainable sensors based on natural chemicals allows reducing their environmental impact. This review is concerned with the application of such analytical platforms in various areas of medicine: analysis of body fluids, wearable sensors, drug manufacturing and screening. The importance and role of naturally-occurring compounds in the development of electrochemical multisensor systems and arrays are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Pauliukaite
- Department of Nanoengineering, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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111
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Lyu Y, Gan S, Bao Y, Zhong L, Xu J, Wang W, Liu Z, Ma Y, Yang G, Niu L. Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes: Response Mechanisms, Transducer Materials and Wearable Sensors. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10060128. [PMID: 32585903 PMCID: PMC7345918 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10060128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Wearable sensors based on solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) are currently attracting intensive attention in monitoring human health conditions through real-time and non-invasive analysis of ions in biological fluids. SC-ISEs have gone through a revolution with improvements in potential stability and reproducibility. The introduction of new transducing materials, the understanding of theoretical potentiometric responses, and wearable applications greatly facilitate SC-ISEs. We review recent advances in SC-ISEs including the response mechanism (redox capacitance and electric-double-layer capacitance mechanisms) and crucial solid transducer materials (conducting polymers, carbon and other nanomaterials) and applications in wearable sensors. At the end of the review we illustrate the existing challenges and prospects for future SC-ISEs. We expect this review to provide readers with a general picture of SC-ISEs and appeal to further establishing protocols for evaluating SC-ISEs and accelerating commercial wearable sensors for clinical diagnosis and family practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lyu
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Shiyu Gan
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Yu Bao
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Lijie Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Jianan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, c/o Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Zhenbang Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yingming Ma
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Guifu Yang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Li Niu
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.L.); (Y.B.); (L.Z.); (W.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.)
- MOE Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (L.N.)
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112
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Ni E, Fang Y, Ma F, Ge G, Wu J, Wang Y, Lin Y, Xie H. A one-step potentiometric immunoassay for plasma cardiac troponin I using an antibody-functionalized bis-MPA-COOH dendrimer as a competitor with improved sensitivity. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:2914-2921. [PMID: 32930214 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00680g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have reported a new one-step potentiometric immunoassay for the sensitive and specific detection of human plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a biomarker of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Initially, the cTnI biomolecules were immobilized on the surface of a gold nanoparticle-functionalized screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE). Thereafter, rabbit polyclonal antibodies to cTnI were covalently conjugated to the bis-MPA-COOH dendrimers through typical carbodiimide coupling. The introduction of the target analyte caused a competitive immunoreaction between the immobilized cTnI on the electrode and the conjugated antibody on the dendrimers. The potentiometric measurement was mainly derived from the change in the surface charge on the surface of the modified electrode due to the negatively charged bis-MPA-COOH dendrimers after the immunoreaction. On increasing target cTcI, the number of charged dendrimers on the immunosensor decreased, resulting in a change in the electric potential. Under optimum conditions, the potentiometric immunosensor exhibited good potentiometric responses for the detection of cTcI and allowed the determination of the target analyte at a concentration as low as 7.3 pg mL-1. An intermediate precision of ≤8.7% was accomplished with batch-to-batch identification. Meanwhile, the potentiometric immunosensor showed good anti-interfering capacity and selectivity against other proteins and biomarkers. Importantly, our system displayed high accuracy for the analysis of human plasma serum samples containing target cTcI relative to commercial human cTcI enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erru Ni
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yizhen Fang
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Gaoshun Ge
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
| | - Huabin Xie
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
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113
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Zhang Q, Wang X, Decker V, Meyerhoff ME. Plasticizer-Free Thin-Film Sodium-Selective Optodes Inkjet-Printed on Transparent Plastic for Sweat Analysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:25616-25624. [PMID: 32426973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy to functionalize transparent flexible plastic films with an optical ion-sensing layer using an inkjet-printing technology is described. The hydrophobic sensing chemicals that include a sodium ionophore, a lipophilic proton chromoionophore, and a lipophilic ion-exchanger are co-deposited onto substrates such as transparent polyester film sheets in the absence of any plasticizer and/or hydrophobic polymer matrix. The inkjet-printing process enables the formation of optode films with nanoscale thickness/roughness that readily facilitate interfacing with aqueous samples. Using a smartphone detector, the colorimetric response of the optodes is shown to reach 95% of equilibrium values within 100 s in response to different concentrations of sodium ions, which is more rapid than traditional ion-selective optodes based on plasticized PVC films as the sensing layer. The new optodes also exhibit high selectivity to Na+ over interfering ions including K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. Chemical leaching experiments show that the highly hydrophobic optode components remain in place on the plastic substrate surface. Hence, excellent sensor stability and fully reversible optical responses are obtained, which is essential for potential continuous monitoring applications. Further testing of the sensors with undiluted human sweat samples is shown to yield accurate values for sodium concentrations. Therefore, the use of plasticizer-free ion-selective optode nanolayers that enable highly selective ion sensing on a clear plastic support is likely to expand the range of available chemical sensors suited for preparing wearable real-time sweat analysis devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Vanessa Decker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mark E Meyerhoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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114
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Anderson EL, Chopade SA, Spindler B, Stein A, Lodge TP, Hillmyer MA, Bühlmann P. Solid-Contact Ion-Selective and Reference Electrodes Covalently Attached to Functionalized Poly(ethylene terephthalate). Anal Chem 2020; 92:7621-7629. [PMID: 32351106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous ion-selective and reference electrodes have been developed over the years. Following the need for point-of-care and wearable sensors, designs have transitioned recently from bulky devices with an aqueous inner filling solution to planarizable solid-contact electrodes. However, unless the polymeric sensing and reference membranes are held in place mechanically, delamination of these membranes from the underlying solid to which they adhere physically limits sensor lifetime. Even minor external mechanical stress or thermal expansion can result in membrane delamination and, thereby, device failure. To address this problem, we designed a sensing platform based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates to which polyacrylate-based sensing and polymethacrylate-based reference membranes are attached covalently. Ion-selective membranes with covalently attached or freely dissolved ionophore- and ionic-liquid-doped reference membranes can be directly photopolymerized onto surface-functionalized poly(ethylene terephthalate), resulting in the formation of covalent bonds between the underlying substrate and the attached membranes. H+- and K+-selective electrodes thus prepared exhibit highly selective responses with the theoretically expected (Nernstian) response slope, and reference electrodes provide sample-independent reference potentials over a wide range of electrolyte concentrations. Even repeated mechanical stress does not result in the delamination of the sensing and reference membranes, leading to electrodes with much improved long-term performance. As demonstrated for poly(ethylene-co-cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol terephthalate) (PETG), this approach may be expanded to a wide range of other polyester, polyamide, and polyurethane platform materials. Covalent attachment of sensing and reference membranes to an inert plastic platform material is a very promising approach to a problem that has plagued the field of ion-selective electrodes and field effect transistors for over 30 years.
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115
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Investigation of the Thermal Properties of Electrodes on the Film and Its Heating Behavior Induced by Microwave Irradiation in Mounting Processes. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a novel microwave (MW) soldering system using a cylindrical single-mode TM110 MW cavity that spatially separates the electric fields at the top and bottom of the cavity and the magnetic field at the center of the cavity. This MW reactor system automatically detects the suitable resonance frequency and provides the optimum MW irradiation conditions in the cylindrical cavity via a power feedback loop. Furthermore, we investigated the temperature properties of electrodes by MW heating with the simulation of a magnetic field in the TM110 cavity toward the mounting of electronic components by MW heating. We also developed a short-time melting technology for solder paste on polyimide substrate using MW heating and succeeded in mounting a temperature sensor using the novel MW heating system without damaging the electronic components, electronic circuits, and the substrate.
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116
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Sassa F, Biswas GC, Suzuki H. Microfabricated electrochemical sensing devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:1358-1389. [PMID: 32129358 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry provides possibilities to realize smart microdevices of the next generation with high functionalities. Electrodes, which constitute major components of electrochemical devices, can be formed by various microfabrication techniques, and integration of the same (or different) components for that purpose is not difficult. Merging this technique with microfluidics can further expand the areas of application of the resultant devices. To augment the development of next generation devices, it will be beneficial to review recent technological trends in this field and clarify the directions required for moving forward. Even when limiting the discussion to electrochemical microdevices, a variety of useful techniques should be considered. Therefore, in this review, we attempted to provide an overview of all relevant techniques in this context in the hope that it can provide useful comprehensive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Sassa
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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117
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Yu Y, Nyein HYY, Gao W, Javey A. Flexible Electrochemical Bioelectronics: The Rise of In Situ Bioanalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902083. [PMID: 31432573 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The amalgamation of flexible electronics in biological systems has shaped the way health and medicine are administered. The growing field of flexible electrochemical bioelectronics enables the in situ quantification of a variety of chemical constituents present in the human body and holds great promise for personalized health monitoring owing to its unique advantages such as inherent wearability, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low cost. It represents a promising alternative to probe biomarkers in the human body in a simpler method compared to conventional instrumental analytical techniques. Various bioanalytical technologies are employed in flexible electrochemical bioelectronics, including ion-selective potentiometry, enzymatic amperometry, potential sweep voltammetry, field-effect transistors, affinity-based biosensing, as well as biofuel cells. Recent key innovations in flexible electrochemical bioelectronics from electrochemical sensing modalities, materials, systems, fabrication, to applications are summarized and highlighted. The challenges and opportunities in this field moving forward toward future preventive and personalized medicine devices are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yu
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Hnin Yin Yin Nyein
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Ali Javey
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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118
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Lim HR, Kim HS, Qazi R, Kwon YT, Jeong JW, Yeo WH. Advanced Soft Materials, Sensor Integrations, and Applications of Wearable Flexible Hybrid Electronics in Healthcare, Energy, and Environment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901924. [PMID: 31282063 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in soft materials and system integration technologies have provided a unique opportunity to design various types of wearable flexible hybrid electronics (WFHE) for advanced human healthcare and human-machine interfaces. The hybrid integration of soft and biocompatible materials with miniaturized wireless wearable systems is undoubtedly an attractive prospect in the sense that the successful device performance requires high degrees of mechanical flexibility, sensing capability, and user-friendly simplicity. Here, the most up-to-date materials, sensors, and system-packaging technologies to develop advanced WFHE are provided. Details of mechanical, electrical, physicochemical, and biocompatible properties are discussed with integrated sensor applications in healthcare, energy, and environment. In addition, limitations of the current materials are discussed, as well as key challenges and the future direction of WFHE. Collectively, an all-inclusive review of the newly developed WFHE along with a summary of imperative requirements of material properties, sensor capabilities, electronics performance, and skin integrations is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Ryoung Lim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hee Seok Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36608, USA
| | - Raza Qazi
- Department of Electrical, Computer & Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Young-Tae Kwon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jae-Woong Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Center for Flexible and Wearable Electronics Advanced Research, Neural Engineering Center, Institute for Materials, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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119
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120
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Wang S, Bai Y, Yang X, Liu L, Li L, Lu Q, Li T, Zhang T. Highly stretchable potentiometric ion sensor based on surface strain redistributed fiber for sweat monitoring. Talanta 2020; 214:120869. [PMID: 32278417 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of stretchable potentiometric ion sensors has the observable potential for wearable devices to continuously monitoring of electrolytes in body fluids. However, the mechanical mismatch between soft elastomeric substrate and ion-selective electrode components greatly hinders sensor's fabrication and its stretching stability for long-term use. Here, we propose a new strategy to construct a potentiometric ion sensor on a surface strain redistributed elastic fiber (SSRE-fiber) with both high stretchability and high sensing stability. The SSRE-fiber is designed with a unique unilateral bead structure, which significantly changes its surface strain distribution during deformation. Benefit from this platform, the active sensing materials with high Young's modulus fabricated on the unilateral bead region can keep unchanged during stretching (0-200%). Thus, the as-prepared potentiometric sensors (ion-selective electrode and polymer/inorganic salt membrane-coated reference electrode) can perform with stable functions ignoring the stretching of the fiber. This new SSRE-fiber platform paves a way for the design of highly stretchable and stable electrochemical sensor capable of integrating into textiles for wearable biochemical detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Bai
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Xianqing Yang
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Lin Liu
- Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Department of Environmental Science, 111 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Lianhui Li
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Qifeng Lu
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Tie Li
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- I-Lab, And Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
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121
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Zhai Q, Yap LW, Wang R, Gong S, Guo Z, Liu Y, Lyu Q, Wang J, Simon GP, Cheng W. Vertically Aligned Gold Nanowires as Stretchable and Wearable Epidermal Ion-Selective Electrode for Noninvasive Multiplexed Sweat Analysis. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4647-4655. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Zhai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Lim Wei Yap
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Shu Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Zhirui Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Quanxia Lyu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - George. P. Simon
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- New Horizon Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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122
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Park HJ, Jeong JM, Yoon JH, Son SG, Kim YK, Kim DH, Lee KG, Choi BG. Preparation of ultrathin defect-free graphene sheets from graphite via fluidic delamination for solid-contact ion-to-electron transducers in potentiometric sensors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 560:817-824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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123
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Abstract
Potentiometry is one of the most important electrochemical methods and potentiometric based sensors have been extensively studied by researchers for many years. The fact that potentiometric sensors have several advantages over other analytical devices is another reason for intensive research on the topic. In this area, hundreds of different sensors have been developed till today and introduced into the literature. The successful use of the developed sensors, particularly in real sample analysis, has made potentiometric sensors the center of attention. In this review, we highlight the studies which have been successfully applied to the developed drug samples and also to many real samples, with high recovery rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Isildak
- Department of Chemistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Oguz Özbek
- Department of Chemistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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124
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Abstract
Anions play a vital role in a broad range of environmental, technological, and physiological processes, making their detection/quantification valuable. Electroanalytical sensors offer much to the selective, sensitive, cheap, portable, and real-time analysis of anion presence where suitable combinations of selective (noncovalent) recognition and transduction can be integrated. Spurred on by significant developments in anion supramolecular chemistry, electrochemical anion sensing has received considerable attention in the past two decades. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of all electroanalytical techniques that have been used for this purpose, including voltammetric, impedimetric, capacititive, and potentiometric methods. We will confine our discussion to sensors that are based on synthetic anion receptors with a specific focus on reversible, noncovalent interactions, in particular, hydrogen- and halogen-bonding. Apart from their sensory properties, we will also discuss how electrochemical techniques can be used to study anion recognition processes (e.g., binding constant determination) and will furthermore provide a detailed outlook over future efforts and promising new avenues in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K
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125
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Dong HQ, Ma XQ, Wei TB, Yang QY, Zhang YF, Zhang QP, Yao H, Zhang YM, Lin Q. A novel AIE chemosensor based on a coumarin functionalized pillar[5]arene for multi-analyte detection and application in logic gates. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel coumarin functionalized pillar[5]arene (PX) with AIE fluorescence could sequentially detect multiple analytes in aqueous medium with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Tai-Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qin-Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - You-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
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126
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Shao Y, Ying Y, Ping J. Recent advances in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes: functional materials, transduction mechanisms, and development trends. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:4405-4465. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the design and applications of solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Shao
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Yibin Ying
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
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127
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Cuartero M, Colozza N, Fernández-Pérez BM, Crespo GA. Why ammonium detection is particularly challenging but insightful with ionophore-based potentiometric sensors – an overview of the progress in the last 20 years. Analyst 2020; 145:3188-3210. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An overview of ionophore-based electrodes for ammonium sensing critically analyzing contributions in the last 20 years and with focus in analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 10044 Stockholm
| | - Noemi Colozza
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 10044 Stockholm
| | - Bibiana M. Fernández-Pérez
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 10044 Stockholm
| | - Gastón A. Crespo
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 10044 Stockholm
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128
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Ciftci S, Cánovas R, Neumann F, Paulraj T, Nilsson M, Crespo GA, Madaboosi N. The sweet detection of rolling circle amplification: Glucose-based electrochemical genosensor for the detection of viral nucleic acid. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 151:112002. [PMID: 31999596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an isothermal padlock probe-based assay for the simple and portable detection of pathogens coupled with a glucose oxidase (GOx)-based electrochemical readout is reported. Infectious diseases remain a constant threat on a global scale, as in recurring pandemics. Rapid and portable diagnostics hold the promise to tackle the spreading of diseases and decentralising healthcare to point-of-care needs. Ebola, a hypervariable RNA virus causing fatalities of up to 90% for recent outbreaks in Africa, demands immediate attention for bedside diagnostics. The design of the demonstrated assay consists of a rolling circle amplification (RCA) technique, responsible for the generation of nucleic acid amplicons as RCA products (RCPs). The RCPs are generated on magnetic beads (MB) and subsequently, connected via streptavidin-biotin bonds to GOx. The enzymatic catalysis of glucose by the bound GOx allows for an indirect electrochemical measurement of the DNA target. The RCPs generated on the surface of the MB were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, and among other experimental conditions such as the type of buffer, temperature, concentration of GOx, sampling and measurement time were evaluated for the optimum electrochemical detection. Accordingly, 125 μg mL-1 of GOx with 5 mM glucose using phosphate buffer saline (PBS), monitored for 1 min were selected as the ideal conditions. Finally, we assessed the analytical performance of the biosensing strategy by using clinical samples of Ebola virus from patients. Overall, this work provides a proof-of-concept bioassay for simple and portable molecular diagnostics of emerging pathogens using electrochemical detection, especially in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Ciftci
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Rocío Cánovas
- Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Neumann
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Thomas Paulraj
- Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden.
| | - Gaston A Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Narayanan Madaboosi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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129
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Keene ST, Fogarty D, Cooke R, Casadevall CD, Salleo A, Parlak O. Wearable Organic Electrochemical Transistor Patch for Multiplexed Sensing of Calcium and Ammonium Ions from Human Perspiration. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1901321. [PMID: 31714014 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wearable health monitoring has garnered considerable interest from the healthcare industry as an evolutionary alternative to standard practices with the ability to provide rapid, off-site diagnosis and patient-monitoring. In particular, sweat-based wearable biosensors offer a noninvasive route to continuously monitor a variety of biomarkers for a range of physiological conditions. Both the accessibility and wealth of information of sweat make it an ideal target for noninvasive devices that can aid in early diagnosis of disease or to monitor athletic performance. Here, the integration of ammonium (NH4 + ) and calcium (Ca2+ ) ion-selective membranes with a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)-based (PEDOT:PSS) organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) for multiplexed sensing of NH4 + and Ca2+ in sweat with high sensitivity and selectivity is reported for the first time. The presented wearable sweat sensor is designed by combining a flexible and stretchable styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene substrate with a laser-patterned microcapillary channel array for direct sweat acquisition and delivery to the ion-selective OECT. The resulting dermal sensor exhibits a wide working range between 0.01 × 10-3 and 100 × 10-3 m, well within the physiological levels of NH4 + and Ca2+ in sweat. The integrated devices are successfully implemented with both ex situ measurements and on human subjects with real-time analysis using a wearable sensor assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T. Keene
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Daragh Fogarty
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Ross Cooke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Carlos D. Casadevall
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Onur Parlak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall Stanford CA 94305 USA
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130
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Gualandi I, Tessarolo M, Mariani F, Tonelli D, Fraboni B, Scavetta E. Organic Electrochemical Transistors as Versatile Analytical Potentiometric Sensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:354. [PMID: 31824941 PMCID: PMC6882742 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentiometric transduction is an important tool of analytical chemistry to record chemical signals, but some constraints in the miniaturization and low-cost fabrication of the reference electrode are a bottleneck in the realization of more-advanced devices such as wearable and lab-on-a-chip sensors. Here, an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) has been designed with an alternative architecture that allows to record the potentiometric signals of gate electrodes, which have been chemically modified to obtain Ag/AgnX interfaces (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, and S2-), without the use of a reference electrode. When the OECT is immersed in a sample solution, it reaches an equilibrium state, because PEDOT:PSS exchanges charges with the electrolyte until its Fermi level is aligned to the one of Ag/AgnX. The latter is controlled by Xn- concentration in the solution. As a consequence, in this spontaneous process, the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS changes with the electrochemical potential of the modified gate electrode without any external bias. The sensor works by applying only a fixed drain current or drain voltage and thus the OECT sensor operates with just two terminals. It is also demonstrated that, in this configuration, gate potential values extracted from the drain current are in good agreement with the ones measured with respect to a reference electrode being perfectly correlated (linear slope equal to 1.00 ± 0.03). In the case of the sulfide anion, the OECT performance overcomes the limit represented by the Nernst equation, with a sensitivity of 0.52 V decade-1. The presented results suggest that OECTs could be a viable option to fabricate advanced sensors based on potentiometric transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isacco Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Tessarolo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Mariani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenica Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Fraboni
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Erika Scavetta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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131
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Sempionatto JR, Jeerapan I, Krishnan S, Wang J. Wearable Chemical Sensors: Emerging Systems for On-Body Analytical Chemistry. Anal Chem 2019; 92:378-396. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane R. Sempionatto
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Itthipon Jeerapan
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Sadagopan Krishnan
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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132
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Piro B, Mattana G, Noël V. Recent Advances in Skin Chemical Sensors. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19204376. [PMID: 31658706 PMCID: PMC6832670 DOI: 10.3390/s19204376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the latest developments in the field of skin chemical sensors, in particular wearable ones. Five major applications are covered in the present work: (i) sweat analysis, (ii) skin hydration, (iii) skin wounds, (iv) perspiration of volatile organic compounds, and (v) general skin conditions. For each application, the detection of the most relevant analytes is described in terms of transduction principles and sensor performances. Special attention is paid to the biological fluid collection and storage and devices are also analyzed in terms of reusability and lifetime. This review highlights the existing gaps between current performances and those needed to promote effective commercialization of sensors; future developments are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Piro
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Giorgio Mattana
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Noël
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
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133
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Recent Progress in Wireless Sensors for Wearable Electronics. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19204353. [PMID: 31600870 PMCID: PMC6848938 DOI: 10.3390/s19204353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of wearable electronics has emphasized user-comfort, convenience, security, and improved medical functionality. Several previous research studies transformed various types of sensors into a wearable form to more closely monitor body signals and enable real-time, continuous sensing. In order to realize these wearable sensing platforms, it is essential to integrate wireless power supplies and data communication systems with the wearable sensors. This review article discusses recent progress in wireless technologies and various types of wearable sensors. Also, state-of-the-art research related to the application of wearable sensor systems with wireless functionality is discussed, including electronic skin, smart contact lenses, neural interfaces, and retinal prostheses. Current challenges and prospects of wireless sensor systems are discussed.
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134
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Ferreira PC, Ataíde VN, Silva Chagas CL, Angnes L, Tomazelli Coltro WK, Longo Cesar Paixão TR, Reis de Araujo W. Wearable electrochemical sensors for forensic and clinical applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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135
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Cánovas R, Padrell Sánchez S, Parrilla M, Cuartero M, Crespo GA. Cytotoxicity Study of Ionophore-Based Membranes: Toward On-Body and in Vivo Ion Sensing. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2524-2535. [PMID: 31448593 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We present the most complete study to date comprising in vitro cytotoxicity tests of ion-selective membranes (ISMs) in terms of cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion assays with human dermal fibroblasts. ISMs were prepared with different types of plasticizers and ionophores to be tested in combination with assays that focus on the medium-term and long-term leaching of compounds. Furthermore, the ISMs were prepared in different configurations considering (i) inner-filling solution-type electrodes, (ii) all-solid-state electrodes based on a conventional drop-cast of the membrane, (iii) peeling after the preparation of a wearable sensor, and (iv) detachment from a microneedle-based sensor, thus covering a wide range of membrane shapes. One of the aims of this study, other than the demonstration of the biocompatibility of various ISMs and materials tested herein, is to create an awareness in the scientific community surrounding the need to perform biocompatibility assays during the very first steps of any sensor development with an intended biomedical application. This will foster meeting the requirements for subsequent on-body application of the sensor and avoiding further problems during massive validations toward the final in vivo use and commercialization of such devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Cánovas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Padrell Sánchez
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, and Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc Parrilla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - María Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gastón A. Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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136
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Stekolshchikova AA, Radaev AV, Orlova OY, Nikolaev KG, Skorb EV. Thin and Flexible Ion Sensors Based on Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Assembled onto the Carbon Adhesive Tape. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15421-15427. [PMID: 31572842 PMCID: PMC6761682 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel flexible ion-selective sensor for potassium and sodium detection was proposed. Flexible ion-selective electrodes with pseudo-liquid internal solution on contrary to the system with a solid contact provided a more stable analytical signal. Such advantages were achieved because of polyelectrolyte (PEI/PSS) layers adsorption on the conduct substrate with a layer-by-layer technique. Such an approach demonstrated that ion-selective electrodes save sensitivity with Nernstian dependence: 56.2 ± 1.4 mV/dec a Na+ and 56.3 ± 1.9 mV/dec a K+ , as well as a fast time of response for potassium (5 s) and sodium (8 s) was shown. The sensing platform proposed demonstrates a better time of response and is close to the Nernstian value of sensitivity with a sensor low cost. The results proposed confirm a pseudo-liquid junction for the ion-selective electrode. Biocompatibility of an ion-selective sensing platform was demonstrated at potassium potentiometric measurements in Escherichia coli biofilms. Potassium levels in a biofilm were measured with potentiometry and showed agreement with the previous results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anton V. Radaev
- Chromas
Core Facility, St. Petersburg University, Research Park 2/5, Oranienbaum Highway, St. Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Yu. Orlova
- ITMO
University, Lomonosova str. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ekaterina V. Skorb
- ITMO
University, Lomonosova str. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation
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137
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Abdalla NS, E Amr AEG, S M El-Tantawy A, A Al-Omar M, H Kamel A, Khalifa NM. Tailor-Made Specific Recognition of Cyromazine Pesticide Integrated in a Potentiometric Strip Cell for Environmental and Food Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1526. [PMID: 31546880 PMCID: PMC6780653 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Screen-printed ion-selective electrodes were designed and characterized for the assessment of cyromazine (CYR) pesticide. A novel approach is to design tailor-made specific recognition sites in polymeric membranes using molecularly imprinted polymers for cyromazine (CR) determination (sensor I). Another sensor (sensor II) is the plasticized PVC membrane incorporating cyromazine/tetraphenyl borate ion association complex. The charge-transfer resistance and water layer reached its minimal by incorporating Polyaniline (PANI) solid-contact ISE. The designed electrodes demonstrated Nernstain response over a linear range 1.0 × 10-2-5.2 × 10-6 and 1.0 × 10-2-5.7 × 10-5 M with a detection limit 2.2 × 10-6 and 8.1 × 10-6 M for sensors I and II, respectively. The obtained slopes were 28.1 ± 2.1 (r2 = 0.9999) and 36.4 ± 1.6 (r2 = 0.9991) mV/decade, respectively. The results showed that the proposed electrodes have a fast and stable response, good reproducibility, and applicability for direct measurement of CYR content in commercial pesticide preparations and soil samples sprayed with CYR pesticide. The results obtained from the proposed method are fairly in accordance with those using the standard official method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa S Abdalla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Galil E Amr
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Aliaa S M El-Tantawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza 22311, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Al-Omar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman H Kamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagy M Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
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138
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S. M. Hassan S, Galal Eldin A, E. Amr AEG, A. Al-Omar M, H. Kamel A, Khalifa NM. Improved Solid-Contact Nitrate Ion Selective Electrodes Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an Ion-to-Electron Transducer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E3891. [PMID: 31505891 PMCID: PMC6766930 DOI: 10.3390/s19183891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Possible improvement of the performance characteristics, reliability and selectivity of solid-contact nitrate ion-selective electrodes (ISE) (SC/NO3--ISE) is attained by the application of a nitron-nitrate (Nit+/NO3-) ion association complex and inserting multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an ion-to-electron transducer between the ion sensing membrane (ISM) and the electronic conductor glassy carbon (GC) substrate. The potentiometric performance of the proposed electrode revealed a Nernstian slope -55.1 ± 2.1 (r² = 0.997) mV/decade in the range from 8.0 × 10-8-1 × 10-2 M with a detection limit of 2.8 × 10-8 (1.7 ng/mL). Selectivity, repeatability and reproducibility of the proposed sensors were considerably improved as compared to the coated disc electrode (GC/NO3--ISE) without insertion of a MWCNT layer. Short-term potential stability and capacitance of the proposed sensors were tested using a current-reversal chronopotentiometric technique. The potential drift in presence of a MWCNT layer decreased from 167 μVs-1 (i.e., in absence of MWCNTs) to 16.6 μVs-1. In addition, the capacitance was enhanced from 5.99 μF (in absence of MWCNTs) to 60.3 μF (in the presence of MWCNTs). The presented electrodes were successfully applied for nitrate determination in real samples with good accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad S. M. Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Galal Eldin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Abd El-Galil E. Amr
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-O.); (N.M.K.)
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Al-Omar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-O.); (N.M.K.)
| | - Ayman H. Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Nagy M. Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-O.); (N.M.K.)
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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139
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Legner C, Kalwa U, Patel V, Chesmore A, Pandey S. Sweat sensing in the smart wearables era: Towards integrative, multifunctional and body-compliant perspiration analysis. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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140
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S M Hassan S, E Amr AEG, H A Elbehery N, A Al-Omar M, H Kamel A. Non-Equilibrium Potential Responses towards Neutral Orcinol Using All-Solid-State Potentiometric Sensors Integrated with Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11081232. [PMID: 31349581 PMCID: PMC6723434 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) receptors have been synthesized, characterized, and applied as new selective receptors in solid-contact ion selective electrodes (ISEs) towards non-dissociated 3,5-dihydroxytoluene (orcinol). Two monomers, namely methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylamide (AA), were used in the preparation of MIP receptors. Graphene (Gr) was used as the solid contact material between the sensing membrane and the electrical contact substrate. Based on non-equilibrium sensing mechanism, the proposed sensors reveal observably enhanced detection sensitivity towards orcinol with detection limits 1.7 × 10−5 and 3.3 × 10−6 M for sensors based on MIP/MAA and MIP/AA, respectively. The selectivity coefficients measured by the modified separate solution method (MSSM) for the proposed sensors showed good selectivity towards orcinol over most common other phenols and inorganic anions. All measurements were made in the presence of 30 mM phosphate buffer solution (PBS) with a pH of 7.0. Potential stability for the proposed sensors was tested by constant-current chronopotentiometry. No water films were formed between the sensing membrane and the electron conductor substrate. The applicability of MIP/MAA incorporated ISE has been checked by recovery test of orcinol in the presence of soil matrix and by standard addition method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad S M Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abd El-Galil E Amr
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Nada H A Elbehery
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Al-Omar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman H Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
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141
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Parrilla M, Ortiz-Gómez I, Cánovas R, Salinas-Castillo A, Cuartero M, Crespo GA. Wearable Potentiometric Ion Patch for On-Body Electrolyte Monitoring in Sweat: Toward a Validation Strategy to Ensure Physiological Relevance. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8644-8651. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Parrilla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inmaculada Ortiz-Gómez
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Cánovas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Salinas-Castillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gastón A. Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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142
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Park HJ, Yoon JH, Lee KG, Choi BG. Potentiometric performance of flexible pH sensor based on polyaniline nanofiber arrays. NANO CONVERGENCE 2019; 6:9. [PMID: 30880366 PMCID: PMC6421353 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report potentiometric performance of a polyaniline nanofiber array-based pH sensor fabricated by combining a dilute chemical polymerization and low-cost and simple screen printing process. The pH sensor had a two-electrode configuration consisting of polyaniline nanofiber array sensing electrode and Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Measurement of electromotive force between sensing and reference electrodes provided various electrochemical properties of pH sensors. The pH sensor show excellent sensor performances of sensitivity of 62.4 mV/pH, repeatability of 97.9% retention, response time of 12.8 s, and durability of 3.0 mV/h. The pH sensor could also measure pH changes as the milk is spoiled, which is similar to those of a commercial pH meter. The pH sensors were highly flexible, and thus can measure the fruit decay on the curved surface of an apple. This flexible and miniature pH sensor opens new opportunities for monitoring of water, product process, human health, and chemical (or bio) reactions even using small volumes of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913 Republic of Korea
| | - Jo Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G. Lee
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913 Republic of Korea
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143
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Modern creatinine (Bio)sensing: Challenges of point-of-care platforms. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:110-124. [PMID: 30731344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The importance of knowing creatinine levels in the human body is related to the possible association with renal, muscular and thyroid dysfunction. Thus, the accurate detection of creatinine may indirectly provide information surrounding those functional processes, therefore contributing to the management of the health status of the individual and early diagnosis of acute diseases. The questions at this point are: to what extent is creatinine information clinically relevant?; and do modern creatinine (bio)sensing strategies fulfil the real needs of healthcare applications? The present review addresses these questions by means of a deep analysis of the creatinine sensors reported in the literature over the last five years. There is a wide range of techniques for detecting creatinine, most of them based on optical readouts (20 of the 33 papers collected in this review). However, the use of electrochemical techniques (13 of the 33 papers) is recently emerging in alignment with the search for a definitive and trustworthy creatinine detection at the point-of-care level. In this sense, biosensors (7 of the 33 papers) are being established as the most promising alternative over the years. While creatinine levels in the blood seem to provide better information about patient status, none of the reported sensors display adequate selectivity in such a complex matrix. In contrast, the analysis of other types of biological samples (e.g., saliva and urine) seems to be more viable in terms of simplicity, cross-selectivity and (bio)fouling, besides the fact that its extraction does not disturb individual's well-being. Consequently, simple tests may likely be used for the initial check of the individual in routine analysis, and then, more accurate blood detection of creatinine could be necessary to provide a more genuine diagnosis and/or support the corresponding decision-making by the physician. Herein, we provide a critical discussion of the advantages of current methods of (bio)sensing of creatinine, as well as an overview of the drawbacks that impede their definitive point-of-care establishment.
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144
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Cuartero M, Parrilla M, Crespo GA. Wearable Potentiometric Sensors for Medical Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E363. [PMID: 30658434 PMCID: PMC6359219 DOI: 10.3390/s19020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Wearable potentiometric sensors have received considerable attention owing to their great potential in a wide range of physiological and clinical applications, particularly involving ion detection in sweat. Despite the significant progress in the manner that potentiometric sensors are integrated in wearable devices, in terms of materials and fabrication approaches, there is yet plenty of room for improvement in the strategy adopted for the sample collection. Essentially, this involves a fluidic sampling cell for continuous sweat analysis during sport performance or sweat accumulation via iontophoresis induction for one-spot measurements in medical settings. Even though the majority of the reported papers from the last five years describe on-body tests of wearable potentiometric sensors while the individual is practicing a physical activity, the medical utilization of these devices has been demonstrated on very few occasions and only in the context of cystic fibrosis diagnosis. In this sense, it may be important to explore the implementation of wearable potentiometric sensors into the analysis of other biofluids, such as saliva, tears and urine, as herein discussed. While the fabrication and uses of wearable potentiometric sensors vary widely, there are many common issues related to the analytical characterization of such devices that must be consciously addressed, especially in terms of sensor calibration and the validation of on-body measurements. After the assessment of key wearable potentiometric sensors reported over the last five years, with particular attention paid to those for medical applications, the present review offers tentative guidance regarding the characterization of analytical performance as well as analytical and clinical validations, thereby aiming at generating debate in the scientific community to allow for the establishment of well-conceived protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Marc Parrilla
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gaston A Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zheng M, Cao YJ, Cai WH, Shi X, Wang MF, Deng YJ. Phytic acid-based copper(ii) ion-selective electrode on graphene oxide for potentiometric immunoassay of breast cancer antigen 15-3. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01834d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A potentiometric immunoassay based on a copper(ii) ion-selective electrode (Cu-ISE) was designed for the quantitative determination of carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3; a tumor marker associated with breast cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350005
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jin Cao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
- Fujian 350005
- P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hua Cai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
- Fujian 350005
- P. R. China
| | - Xi Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350005
- P. R. China
| | - Mou-Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350005
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350005
- P. R. China
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