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Nakajima M, Nagahashi M, Rashid OM, Takabe K, Wakai T. The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in the tumor microenvironment and its clinical implications. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317699133. [PMID: 28381169 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317699133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the interaction between cancer and non-cancer cells, such as blood vessels, immune cells, and other stromal cells, in the tumor microenvironment is imperative in understanding the mechanisms underlying cancer progression and metastasis, which is expected to lead to the development of new therapeutics. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a bioactive lipid mediator that promotes cell survival, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis, and immune responsiveness, which are all factors involved in cancer progression. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is generated inside cancer cells by sphingosine kinases and then exported into the tumor microenvironment. Although sphingosine-1-phosphate is anticipated to play an important role in the tumor microenvironment and cancer progression, determining sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in the tumor microenvironment has been difficult due to a lack of established methods. We have recently developed a method to measure sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in the interstitial fluid that bathes cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, and reported that high levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate exist in the tumor interstitial fluid. Importantly, sphingosine-1-phosphate can be secreted from cancer cells and non-cancer components such as immune cells and vascular/lymphatic endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, sphingosine-1-phosphate affects both cancer and non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment promoting cancer progression. Here, we review the roles of sphingosine-1-phosphate in the interaction between cancer and non-cancer cells in tumor microenvironment, and discuss future possibilities for targeted therapies against sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakajima
- 1 Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- 1 Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Omar M Rashid
- 2 Michael and Dianne Bienes Comprehensive Cancer Center, Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,3 Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,4 Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- 5 Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,6 Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- 1 Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Plasma cross-gestational sphingolipidomic analyses reveal potential first trimester biomarkers of preeclampsia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175118. [PMID: 28384202 PMCID: PMC5383057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational disorder, manifested in the second half of pregnancy by maternal hypertension, proteinuria and generalized edema. PE is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, accounting for nearly 40% of all premature births worldwide. Bioactive sphingolipids are emerging as key molecules involved in etiopathogenesis of PE, characterized by maternal angiogenic imbalance and symptoms of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the cross-gestational profile of circulating bioactive sphingolipids in maternal plasma from preeclamptic (PE) versus normotensive control (CTL) subjects with the goal of identifying sphingolipids as candidate first trimester biomarkers of PE for early prediction of the disease. Methods A prospective cohort of patients was sampled at the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy for each patient (11–14, 22–24, and 32–36 weeks´ gestation). A retrospective stratified study design was used to quantify different classes of sphingolipids in maternal plasma. We used a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) approach for determining different sphingolipid molecular species (sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), dihydro-sphingosine-1-phosphate (DH-S1P), sphingomyelins (SM) and ceramides (Cer)) in cross-gestational samples of human plasma from PE (n = 7, 21 plasma samples across pregnancy) and CTL (n = 7, 21 plasma samples across pregnancy) patients. Results Plasma levels of angiogenic S1P did not change significantly in control and in preeclamptic patients´ group across gestation. DH-S1P was significantly decreased in second trimester plasma of PE patients in comparison to their first trimester, which could contribute to reduced endothelial barrier observed in PE. The major ceramide species (Cer 16:0 and Cer 24:0) tended to be up-regulated in plasma of control and PE subjects across gestation. The levels of a less abundant plasma ceramide species (Cer 14:0) were significantly lower in first trimester plasma of PE patients when compared with their gestational-matched control samples (p = 0.009). Major plasma sphingomyelin species (SM 16:0, SM 18:1 and SM 24:0) tended to be higher in control pregnancies across gestation. However, in PE patients, SM 16:0, SM 18:0 and SM 18:1 showed significant up-regulation across gestation, pointing to atherogenic properties of the sphingomyelins and particularly the potential contribution of SM 18:0 to the disease development. In addition, two major sphingomyelins, SM 16:0 and SM 18:0, were significantly lower in first trimester plasma of PE patients versus first trimester samples of respective controls (p = 0.007 and p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions Cross-gestational analysis of maternal plasma of preeclamptic and normotensive women identifies differences in the biochemical profile of major sphingolipids (DH-S1P, sphingomyelins and ceramides) between these two groups. In addition, first trimester maternal plasma sphingolipids (Cer 14:0, SM 16:0 and SM 18:0) may serve in the future as early biomarkers of PE occurrence and development.
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103
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Wollny T, Wątek M, Durnaś B, Niemirowicz K, Piktel E, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Góźdź S, Bucki R. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism and Its Role in the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040741. [PMID: 28362332 PMCID: PMC5412326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond their role as structural molecules, sphingolipids are involved in many important cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and migration. Altered sphingolipid metabolism is observed in many pathological conditions including gastrointestinal diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a state of complex, unpredictable, and destructive inflammation of unknown origin within the gastrointestinal tract. The mechanisms explaining the pathophysiology of IBD involve signal transduction pathways regulating gastro-intestinal system’s immunity. Progressive intestinal tissue destruction observed in chronic inflammation may be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingolipid metabolite, functions as a cofactor in inflammatory signaling and becomes a target in the treatment of IBD, which might prevent its conversion to cancer. This paper summarizes new findings indicating the impact of (S1P) on IBD development and IBD-associated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wollny
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Marzena Wątek
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Faculty of Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Aleja IX Wieków Kielc, 25-317 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Bonita Durnaś
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Faculty of Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Aleja IX Wieków Kielc, 25-317 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Niemirowicz
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
| | | | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Faculty of Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Aleja IX Wieków Kielc, 25-317 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
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104
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Bladder cancer cell growth and motility implicate cannabinoid 2 receptor-mediated modifications of sphingolipids metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42157. [PMID: 28191815 PMCID: PMC5304189 DOI: 10.1038/srep42157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects demonstrated by activation of cannabinoid receptors (CB) on cancer proliferation and migration may also play critical roles in controlling bladder cancer (BC). CB expression on human normal and BC specimens was tested by immunohistochemistry. Human BC cells RT4 and RT112 were challenged with CB agonists and assessed for proliferation, apoptosis, and motility. Cellular sphingolipids (SL) constitution and metabolism were evaluated after metabolic labelling. CB1-2 were detected in BC specimens, but only CB2 was more expressed in the tumour. Both cell lines expressed similar CB2. Exposure to CB2 agonists inhibited BC growth, down-modulated Akt, induced caspase 3-activation and modified SL metabolism. Baseline SL analysis in cell lines showed differences linked to unique migratory behaviours and cytoskeletal re-arrangements. CB2 activation changed the SL composition of more aggressive RT112 cells by reducing (p < 0.01) Gb3 ganglioside (−50 ± 3%) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P, −40 ± 4%), which ended up to reduction in cell motility (−46 ± 5%) with inhibition of p-SRC. CB2-selective antagonists, gene silencing and an inhibitor of SL biosynthesis partially prevented CB2 agonist-induced effects on cell viability and motility. CB2 activation led to ceramide-mediated BC cell apoptosis independently of SL constitutive composition, which instead was modulated by CB2 agonists to reduce cell motility.
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105
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He M, van Wijk E, van Wietmarschen H, Wang M, Sun M, Koval S, van Wijk R, Hankemeier T, van der Greef J. Spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission in correlation to inflammatory metabolism and oxidative stress in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 168:98-106. [PMID: 28199905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis has driven the development of new approaches and technologies for investigating the pathophysiology of this devastating, chronic disease. From the perspective of systems biology, combining comprehensive personal data such as metabolomics profiling with ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) data may provide key information regarding the complex pathophysiology underlying rheumatoid arthritis. In this article, we integrated UPE with metabolomics-based technologies in order to investigate collagen-induced arthritis, a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis, at the systems level, and we investigated the biological underpinnings of the complex dataset. Using correlation networks, we found that elevated inflammatory and ROS-mediated plasma metabolites are strongly correlated with a systematic reduction in amine metabolites, which is linked to muscle wasting in rheumatoid arthritis. We also found that increased UPE intensity is strongly linked to metabolic processes (with correlation co-efficiency |r| value >0.7), which may be associated with lipid oxidation that related to inflammatory and/or ROS-mediated processes. Together, these results indicate that UPE is correlated with metabolomics and may serve as a valuable tool for diagnosing chronic disease by integrating inflammatory signals at the systems level. Our correlation network analysis provides important and valuable information regarding the disease process from a system-wide perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard van Wijk
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Herman van Wietmarschen
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; TNO, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Mei Wang
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; SU Biomedicine, Utrechtseweg 48, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Slavik Koval
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Greef
- Analytical BioSciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; TNO, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
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106
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Grant MG, Patterson VL, Grimes DT, Burdine RD. Modeling Syndromic Congenital Heart Defects in Zebrafish. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 124:1-40. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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107
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Kitchen SA, Weis VM. The sphingosine rheostat is involved in the cnidarian heat stress response but not necessarily in bleaching. J Exp Biol 2017; 220:1709-1720. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.153858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids play important roles in mitigating cellular heat and oxidative stress by altering membrane fluidity, receptor clustering and gene expression. Accumulation of signaling sphingolipids that comprise the sphingosine rheostat, pro-apoptotic sphingosine (Sph) and pro-survival sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is key to determining cell fate. Reef-building corals and other symbiotic cnidarians living in shallow tropical waters can experience elevated seawater temperature and high UV irradiance, two stressors that are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change. In symbiotic cnidarians, these stressors disrupt the photosynthetic machinery of the endosymbiont and ultimately result in the collapse of the partnership (dysbiosis), known as cnidarian bleaching. In a previous study, exogenously applied sphingolipids altered heat-induced bleaching in the symbiotic anemone Aiptasia pallida, but endogenous regulation of these lipids is unknown. Here, we characterized the role of the rheostat in the cnidarian heat stress response (HSR) and in dysbiosis. Gene expression of rheostat enzymes sphingosine kinase (AP-SPHK) and S1P phosphatase (AP-SGPP), and concentrations of sphingolipids were quantified from anemones incubated at elevated temperatures. We observed a biphasic HSR in A. pallida. At early exposure, rheostat gene expression and lipid levels were suppressed while gene expression of a heat stress biomarker increased and 40% of symbionts were lost. After longer incubations at the highest temperature, AP-SGPP and then Sph levels both increased. These results indicate that the sphingosine rheostat in A. pallida does not participate in initiation of dysbiosis, but instead functions in the chronic response to prolonged heat stress that promotes host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila A. Kitchen
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Virginia M. Weis
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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108
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Łukomska A, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Budkowska M, Pilutin A, Tarnowski M, Dec K, Dołęgowska B, Metryka E, Chlubek D, Gutowska I. The effect of low levels of lead (Pb) in the blood on levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and expression of S1P receptor 1 in the brain of the rat in the perinatal period. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 166:221-229. [PMID: 27697711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are the main components of the lipid membrane. They also perform structural functions and participate in many signal transmission processes. One of the bioactive sphingolipids is sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a ligand for five G protein-coupled receptors (S1PRs1-5), which can also act as an intracellular second messenger. S1P is responsible for the stimulation of progenitor cells in the brain, but it can also induce apoptosis of mature neurons. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of pre- and neonatal exposure to permissible Pb concentrations on S1P levels and S1PR1 (EDG1) expression in the prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus of rats. The concentrations of S1P were determined by RP-HPLC, S1PR1 expression was determined by RT PCR and Western Blot, and receptor immunolocalization was determined by immunohistochemistry method. Our results showed that even low blood Pb concentrations, i.e. within the acceptable limit of 10 μg/dL caused changes in the concentration of S1P in the cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Our data also showed a significant decrease in the level of S1PR1 in all studied part of brain, without significant changes in S1PR1 gene expression. Pre- and neonatal exposure to Pb also resulted in a decrease in the expression of S1PR1 in glial cells in all regions of the Cornu Ammonis (CA1-CA4) and Dentate Gyrus in the hippocampus, as well as in all layers of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex, compared to the unexposed control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Łukomska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - I Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - M Budkowska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Pilutin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Dec
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - B Dołęgowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - E Metryka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - D Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - I Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
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109
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Bajwa A, Huang L, Kurmaeva E, Ye H, Dondeti KR, Chroscicki P, Foley LS, Balogun ZA, Alexander KJ, Park H, Lynch KR, Rosin DL, Okusa MD. Sphingosine Kinase 2 Deficiency Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis via IFN- γ. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:1145-1161. [PMID: 27799486 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive repair after AKI may lead to progressive fibrosis and decline in kidney function. Sphingosine 1-phosphate has an important role in kidney injury and pleiotropic effects in fibrosis. We investigated the involvement of sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 (SphK1 and SphK2), which phosphorylate sphingosine to produce sphingosine 1-phosphate, in kidney fibrosis induced by folic acid (FA) or unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Analysis of Masson trichrome staining and fibrotic marker protein and mRNA expression 14 days after AKI revealed that wild-type (WT) and Sphk1-/- mice exhibited more kidney fibrosis than Sphk2-/- mice. Furthermore, kidneys of FA-treated WT and Sphk1-/- mice had greater immune cell infiltration and expression of fibrotic and inflammatory markers than kidneys of FA-treated Sphk2-/- mice. In contrast, kidneys of Sphk2-/- mice exhibited greater expression of Ifng and IFN-γ-responsive genes (Cxcl9 and Cxcl10) than kidneys of WT or Sphk1-/- mice did at this time point. Splenic T cells from untreated Sphk2-/- mice were hyperproliferative and produced more IFN-γ than did those of WT or Sphk1-/- mice. IFN-γ blocking antibody administered to Sphk2-/- mice or deletion of Ifng (Sphk2-/-Ifng-/- mice) blocked the protective effect of SphK2 deficiency in fibrosis. Moreover, adoptive transfer of Sphk2-/- (but not Sphk2-/-Ifng-/- ) CD4 T cells into WT mice blocked FA-induced fibrosis. Finally, a selective SphK2 inhibitor blocked FA-induced kidney fibrosis in WT mice. These studies demonstrate that SphK2 inhibition may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for attenuating kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Bajwa
- Division of Nephrology, .,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Elvira Kurmaeva
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Hong Ye
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Krishna R Dondeti
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Piotr Chroscicki
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Leah S Foley
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Z Ayoade Balogun
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Kyle J Alexander
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Hojung Park
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Kevin R Lynch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Diane L Rosin
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology.,Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
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Norman BH, McDermott JS. Targeting the Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Pathway in Drug Discovery. Potential Applications to New Therapies for Chronic Pain. J Med Chem 2016; 60:66-88. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan H. Norman
- Discovery Chemistry
Research and Technologies and ‡Neurophysiology, Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Lilly
Corporate Center, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jeff S. McDermott
- Discovery Chemistry
Research and Technologies and ‡Neurophysiology, Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Lilly
Corporate Center, Indiana 46285, United States
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111
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Dong MJ, Jiang KQ, He SQ, Jin JF. Alkaline ceramidases: Biochemical properties, biological function, and role in liver cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:3884-3890. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i27.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaline ceramidases (ACERs) are a class of ceramidases (CDase), and three types including ACER1, ACER2, and ACER3 have been identified. ACERs can catalyze the hydrolysis of ceramide (Cer) to generate sphingosine (SPH), and SPH is further phosphorylated to produce sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Cer, SPH, and S1P are several important bioactive metabolites of sphingolipids. ACERs regulate the balance of Cer, SPH and S1P, and thus mediate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and tumor initiation and development. This article reviews the biochemical properties and biological function of ACER and its role in liver cancer.
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112
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Hernández-Coronado CG, Guzmán A, Rodríguez A, Mondragón JA, Romano MC, Gutiérrez CG, Rosales-Torres AM. Sphingosine-1-phosphate, regulated by FSH and VEGF, stimulates granulosa cell proliferation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 236:1-8. [PMID: 27342378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive polar sphingolipid which stimulates proliferation, growth and survival in various cell types. In the ovary S1P has been shown protect the granulosa cells and oocytes from insults such as oxidative stress and radiotherapy, and S1P concentrations are greater in healthy than atretic large follicles. Hence, we postulate that S1P is fundamental in follicle development and that it is activated in ovarian granulosa cells in response to FSH and VEGF. To test this hypothesis we set out: i) to evaluate the effect of FSH and VEGF on S1P synthesis in cultured bovine granulosa cells and ii) to analyse the effect of S1P on proliferation and survival of bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Seventy five thousand bovine granulosa cells from healthy medium-sized (4-7mm) follicles were cultured in 96-well plates in McCoy's 5a medium containing 10ng/mL of insulin and 1ng/mL of LR-IGF-I at 37°C in a 5% CO2/air atmosphere at 37°C. Granulosa cell production of S1P was tested in response to treatment with FSH (0, 0.1, 1 and 10ng/mL) and VEGF (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100ng/mL) and measured by HPLC. Granulosa cells produced S1P at 48 and 96h, with the maximum production observed with 1ng/mL of FSH. Likewise, 0.01ng/mL of VEGF stimulated S1P production at 48, but not 96h of culture. Further, the granulosa cell expression of sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1), responsible for S1P synthesis, was demonstrated by Western blot after 48h of culture. FSH increased the expression of phosphorylated SK1 (P<0.05) and the addition of a SK1 inhibitor reduced the constitutive and FSH-stimulated S1P synthesis (P<0.05). Sphingosine-1-phosphate had a biphasic effect on granulosa cell number after culture. At low concentration S1P (0.1μM) increased granulosa cell number after 48h of culture (P<0.05) and the proportion of cells in the G2 and M phase of the cell cycle (P<0.05), whereas higher concentrations decreased cell number (10μM; P<0.05) by an increase (P<0.05) in the proportion of cells in apoptosis (hypodiploid cells). In addition, treatment with SK-178 suppressed the FSH- and VEGF-stimulated rise of the granulosa cells number (P<0.05). Interestingly, the effect of 0.1μM S1P on granulosa cell number and their proportion in G2/M phases is similar to that observed with 1ng/mL FSH. The results of this study are the first to demonstrate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) synthesis in granulosa cells under the control of FSH and VEGF. The later achieved through the regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 expression. This S1P augments the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle that translates in increased granulosa cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Hernández-Coronado
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Estudiante del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Mexico
| | - A Guzmán
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Departamento Producción Agrícola y Animal, Calzada del Hueso 1100, CP 04960 México City, Mexico
| | - A Rodríguez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Av. Universidad 3000, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - J A Mondragón
- CINVESTAV, I.P.N. Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Código Postal 07360 México City, Mexico
| | - M C Romano
- CINVESTAV, I.P.N. Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Código Postal 07360 México City, Mexico
| | - C G Gutiérrez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Av. Universidad 3000, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - A M Rosales-Torres
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Departamento Producción Agrícola y Animal, Calzada del Hueso 1100, CP 04960 México City, Mexico.
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Dobierzewska A, Palominos M, Sanchez M, Dyhr M, Helgert K, Venegas-Araneda P, Tong S, Illanes SE. Impairment of Angiogenic Sphingosine Kinase-1/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors Pathway in Preeclampsia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157221. [PMID: 27284992 PMCID: PMC4902228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), is a serious pregnancy disorder characterized in the early gestation by shallow trophoblast invasion, impaired placental neo-angiogenesis, placental hypoxia and ischemia, which leads to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Here we hypothesized that angiogenic sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors pathway is impaired in PE. We found that SPHK1 mRNA and protein expression are down-regulated in term placentae and term chorionic villous explants from patients with PE or severe PE (PES), compared with controls. Moreover, mRNA expression of angiogenic S1PR1 and S1PR3 receptors were decreased in placental samples of PE and PES patients, whereas anti-angiogenic S1PR2 was up-regulated in chorionic villous tissue of PES subjects, pointing to its potential atherogenic and inflammatory properties. Furthermore, in in vitro (JAR cells) and ex vivo (chorionic villous explants) models of placental hypoxia, SPHK1 mRNA and protein were strongly up-regulated under low oxygen tension (1% 02). In contrast, there was no change in SPHK1 expression under the conditions of placental physiological hypoxia (8% 02). In both models, nuclear protein levels of HIF1A were increased at 1% 02 during the time course, but there was no up-regulation at 8% 02, suggesting that SPHK1 and HIF1A might be the part of the same canonical pathway during hypoxia and that both contribute to placental neovascularization during early gestation. Taken together, this study suggest the SPHK1 pathway may play a role in the human early placentation process and may be involved in the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Dobierzewska
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
| | - Macarena Palominos
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marianela Sanchez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Dyhr
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katja Helgert
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pia Venegas-Araneda
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stephen Tong
- Translational Obstetrics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian E. Illanes
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Clinica Davila, Santiago, Chile
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114
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Inhibition of ceramide glucosylation sensitizes lung cancer cells to ABC294640, a first-in-class small molecule SphK2 inhibitor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 476:230-236. [PMID: 27221045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) is proposed as a novel oncotarget for lung cancer. Here, we studied the anti-lung cancer cell activity by ABC294640, a first-in-class SphK2 inhibitor. We showed that ABC294640 suppressed growth of primary and A549 human lung cancer cells, but sparing SphK2-low lung epithelial cells. Inhibition of SphK2 by ABC294640 increased ceramide accumulation, but decreased pro-survival sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) content, leading to lung cancer cell apoptosis activation. Significantly, we show that glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) might be a major resistance factor of ABC294640. The GCS inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP) or GCS shRNA/siRNA knockdown facilitated ABC294640-induced ceramide production and lung cancer cell apoptosis. Reversely, forced overexpression of GCS reduced ABC294640's sensitivity, resulting in decreased ceramide accumulation and apoptosis induction in A549 cells. These findings provide further evidences to support that targeting SphK2 by ABC294640 may be a rational treatment option for lung cancer. Ceramide glucosylation inhibition may further sensitize lung cancer cells to ABC294640.
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Kitada Y, Kajita K, Taguchi K, Mori I, Yamauchi M, Ikeda T, Kawashima M, Asano M, Kajita T, Ishizuka T, Banno Y, Kojima I, Chun J, Kamata S, Ishii I, Morita H. Blockade of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Signaling Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Systemic Glucose Intolerance in Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1839-51. [PMID: 26943364 PMCID: PMC4870879 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is known to regulate insulin resistance in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and pancreatic β-cells. Among its 5 cognate receptors (S1pr1-S1pr5), S1P seems to counteract insulin signaling and confer insulin resistance via S1pr2 in these cells. S1P may also regulate insulin resistance in adipocytes, but the S1pr subtype(s) involved remains unknown. Here, we investigated systemic glucose/insulin tolerance and phenotypes of epididymal adipocytes in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed wild-type and S1pr2-deficient (S1pr2(-/-)) mice. Adult S1pr2(-/-) mice displayed smaller body/epididymal fat tissue weights, but the differences became negligible after 4 weeks with HFD. However, HFD-fed S1pr2(-/-) mice displayed better scores in glucose/insulin tolerance tests and had smaller epididymal adipocytes that expressed higher levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen than wild-type mice. Next, proliferation/differentiation of 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A preadipocytes were examined in the presence of various S1pr antagonists: JTE-013 (S1pr2 antagonist), VPC-23019 (S1pr1/S1pr3 antagonist), and CYM-50358 (S1pr4 antagonist). S1P or JTE-013 treatment of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes potently activated their proliferation and Erk phosphorylation, whereas VPC-23019 inhibited both of these processes, and CYM-50358 had no effects. In contrast, S1P or JTE-013 treatment inhibited adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes, whereas VPC-23019 activated it. The small interfering RNA knockdown of S1pr2 promoted proliferation and inhibited differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes, whereas that of S1pr1 acted oppositely. Moreover, oral JTE-013 administration improved glucose tolerance/insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice. Taken together, S1pr2 blockade induced proliferation but suppressed differentiation of (pre)adipocytes both in vivo and in vitro, highlighting a novel therapeutic approach for obesity/type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Kitada
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kajita
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Koichiro Taguchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Ichiro Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamauchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takahide Ikeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Mikako Kawashima
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Motochika Asano
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Toshiko Kajita
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ishizuka
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Banno
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Itaru Kojima
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Jerold Chun
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kamata
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Isao Ishii
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of General Internal Medicine (Y.K., K.K., K.T., I.M., M.Y., T.Ik., M.K., M.A., T.K., H.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (T.Is.), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan; Department of Dermatology (Y.B.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Laboratory of Cell Physiology (I.K.), Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8512, Japan; Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department (J.C.), Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biochemistry (S.K., I.I.), Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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Gao Z, Wang H, Xiao FJ, Shi XF, Zhang YK, Xu QQ, Zhang XY, Ha XQ, Wang LS. SIRT1 mediates Sphk1/S1P-induced proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 74:152-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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117
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Qiu L, Feng B, Ni Z, Wu X, Sun W. Exposure to a 50-Hz magnetic field induced ceramide generation in cultured cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:215-21. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2016.1144943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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118
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Titz B, Boué S, Phillips B, Talikka M, Vihervaara T, Schneider T, Nury C, Elamin A, Guedj E, Peck MJ, Schlage WK, Cabanski M, Leroy P, Vuillaume G, Martin F, Ivanov NV, Veljkovic E, Ekroos K, Laaksonen R, Vanscheeuwijck P, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Cessation, and Switching to Two Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco Products on Lung Lipid Metabolism in C57BL/6 and Apoe-/- Mice-An Integrative Systems Toxicology Analysis. Toxicol Sci 2016; 149:441-57. [PMID: 26582801 PMCID: PMC4725611 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cigarette smoke (CS), a major cause of lung diseases, on the composition and metabolism of lung lipids is incompletely understood. Here, we integrated quantitative lipidomics and proteomics to investigate exposure effects on lung lipid metabolism in a C57BL/6 and an Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mouse study. In these studies, mice were exposed to high concentrations of 3R4F reference CS, aerosol from potential modified risk tobacco products (MRTPs) or filtered air (Sham) for up to 8 months. The 2 assessed MRTPs, the prototypical MRTP for C57BL/6 mice and the Tobacco Heating System 2.2 for Apoe(-/-) mice, utilize "heat-not-burn" technologies and were each matched in nicotine concentrations to the 3R4F CS. After 2 months of CS exposure, some groups were either switched to the MRTP or underwent cessation. In both mouse strains, CS strongly affected several categories of lung lipids and lipid-related proteins. Candidate surfactant lipids, surfactant proteins, and surfactant metabolizing proteins were increased. Inflammatory eicosanoids, their metabolic enzymes, and several ceramide classes were elevated. Overall, CS induced a coordinated lipid response controlled by transcription regulators such as SREBP proteins and supported by other metabolic adaptations. In contrast, most of these changes were absent in the mice exposed to the potential MRTPs, in the cessation group, and the switching group. Our findings demonstrate the complex biological response of the lungs to CS exposure and support the benefits of cessation or switching to a heat-not-burn product using a design such as those employed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Titz
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland; *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland;
| | - Stéphanie Boué
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Blaine Phillips
- Philip Morris International Research Laboratories, 50 Science Park Road, Singapore, Singapore; and
| | - Marja Talikka
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Schneider
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Nury
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Ashraf Elamin
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Peck
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Walter K Schlage
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Maciej Cabanski
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Leroy
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Vuillaume
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Martin
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Emilija Veljkovic
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Kim Ekroos
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Biologinkuja 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Patrick Vanscheeuwijck
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- *Philip Morris International Research and Development, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland;
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Liu Z, Roy NC, Guo Y, Jia H, Ryan L, Samuelsson L, Thomas A, Plowman J, Clerens S, Day L, Young W. Human Breast Milk and Infant Formulas Differentially Modify the Intestinal Microbiota in Human Infants and Host Physiology in Rats. J Nutr 2016; 146:191-9. [PMID: 26674765 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.223552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the absence of human breast milk, infant and follow-on formulas can still promote efficient growth and development. However, infant formulas can differ in their nutritional value. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the effects of human milk (HM) and infant formulas in human infants and a weanling rat model. METHODS In a 3 wk clinical randomized controlled trial, babies (7- to 90-d-old, male-to-female ratio 1:1) were exclusively breastfed (BF), exclusively fed Synlait Pure Canterbury Stage 1 infant formula (SPCF), or fed assorted standard formulas (SFs) purchased by their parents. We also compared feeding HM or SPCF in weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 d. We examined the effects of HM and infant formulas on fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bacterial composition in human infants, and intestinal SCFAs, the microbiota, and host physiology in weanling rats. RESULTS Fecal Bifidobacterium concentrations (mean log copy number ± SEM) were higher (P = 0.003) in BF (8.17 ± 0.3) and SPCF-fed infants (8.29 ± 0.3) compared with those fed the SFs (6.94 ± 0.3). Fecal acetic acid (mean ± SEM) was also higher (P = 0.007) in the BF (5.5 ± 0.2 mg/g) and SPCF (5.3 ± 2.4 mg/g) groups compared with SF-fed babies (4.3 ± 0.2 mg/g). Colonic SCFAs did not differ between HM- and SPCF-fed rats. However, cecal acetic acid concentrations were higher (P = 0.001) in rats fed HM (42.6 ± 2.6 mg/g) than in those fed SPCF (30.6 ± 0.8 mg/g). Cecal transcriptome, proteome, and plasma metabolite analyses indicated that the growth and maturation of intestinal tissue was more highly promoted by HM than SPCF. CONCLUSIONS Fecal bacterial composition and SCFA concentrations were similar in babies fed SPCF or HM. However, results from the rat study showed substantial differences in host physiology between rats fed HM and SPCF. This trial was registered at Shanghai Jiào tong University School of Medicine as XHEC-C-2012-024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Yanhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Leigh Ryan
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Linda Samuelsson
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ancy Thomas
- Proteins and Biomaterials Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand; and
| | - Jeff Plowman
- Proteins and Biomaterials Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand; and
| | - Stefan Clerens
- Proteins and Biomaterials Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand; and Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Li Day
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand;
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Marycz K, Krzak J, Marędziak M, Tomaszewski KA, Szczurek A, Moszak K. The influence of metal-based biomaterials functionalized with sphingosine-1-phosphate on the cellular response and osteogenic differentaion potenial of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. J Biomater Appl 2016; 30:1517-33. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216628711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, stable, homogenous and thin titania dioxide coatings (TiO2) on stainless steel substrate doped with two dosages of bioactive sphingolipids S1P were fabricated using the sol-gel method. S1P belongs to a family of sphingolipids acting as important extracellular signaling molecules and chemoattractants. This study investigated the effect of TiO2, doped with S1P in two different dosages on cellular response as well as osteogenic differentiation potential of human adipose derived multipotent stromal stem cells (hASC). The authors have shown that S1P mediates hASCs morphology, proliferation activity and population doubling time in a dose-dependent manner. They have also demonstrated that functionalization of TiO2 coating with a higher dosage of S1P, i.e. 80 ng/ml [(TiO2/S1P(CII)] activated both S1PR type 1 and type 2 on mRNA level. The results indicated an increase in secretion of BMP-2, Osteopontin and Osteocalcin by osteoblasts progenitor when cultured on [TiO2/S1P(CIIm)]. In addition, the authors observed the highest extracellular matrix mineralization as well as osteonodules formation by the osteoblasts precursors when cultured onto [TiO2/S1P(CIIm)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Biology, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
- Wrocławskie Centrum Badan EIT +, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Krzak
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Technology,Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Marędziak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Anna Szczurek
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Technology,Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Moszak
- Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Mizutani N, Omori Y, Kawamoto Y, Sobue S, Ichihara M, Suzuki M, Kyogashima M, Nakamura M, Tamiya-Koizumi K, Nozawa Y, Murate T. Resveratrol-induced transcriptional up-regulation of ASMase (SMPD1) of human leukemia and cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:851-6. [PMID: 26809095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a plant-derived phytoalexin present in plants, whose pleiotropic effects for health benefits have been previously reported. Its anti-cancer activity is among the current topics for novel cancer treatment. Here, effects of RSV on cell proliferation and the sphingolipid metabolism of K562, a human leukemia cell line, were analyzed. Some experiments were also performed in HCT116, a human colon cancer cell line. RSV inhibited cell proliferation of both cell lines. Increased cellular ceramide and decreased sphingomyelin and S1P by RSV were observed in RSV-treated K562 cells. Further analysis revealed that acid sphingomyelinase mRNA and enzyme activity levels were increased by RSV. Desipramine, a functional ASMase inhibitor, prevented RSV-induced ceramide increase. RSV increased ATF3, EGR1, EGR3 proteins and phosphorylated c-Jun and FOXO3. However, co-transfection using these transcription factor expression vectors and ASMase promoter reporter vector revealed positive effects of EGR1 and EGR3 but not others. Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay demonstrated the direct binding of EGR1/3 transcription factors with ASMase 5'-promoter. These results indicate that increased EGR1/3 and ASMase expression play an important role in cellular ceramide increase by RSV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Mizutani
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yukari Omori
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Sayaka Sobue
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | | | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kyogashima
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Drug Information, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Murate
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan.
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Substrate specificity, kinetic properties and inhibition by fumonisin B1 of ceramide synthase isoforms from Arabidopsis. Biochem J 2015; 473:593-603. [PMID: 26635357 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ceramide makes up the acyl-backbone of sphingolipids and plays a central role in determining the function of these essential membrane lipids. In Arabidopsis, the varied chemical composition of ceramide is determined by the specificity of three different isoforms of ceramide synthase, denoted LAG one homologue 1, -2 and -3 (LOH1, LOH2 and LOH3), for a range of long-chain base (LCB) and acyl-CoA substrates. The contribution of each of these isoforms to the synthesis of ceramide was investigated by in vitro ceramide synthase assays. The plant LCB phytosphingosine was efficiently used by the LOH1 and LOH3 isoforms, with LOH1 having the lowest Km for the LCB substrate of the three isoforms. In contrast, sphinganine was used efficiently only by the LOH2 isoform. Acyl-CoA specificity was also distinguished between the three isoforms with LOH2 almost completely specific for palmitoyl-CoA whereas the LOH1 isoform showed greatest activity with lignoceroyl- and hexacosanoyl-CoAs. Interestingly, unsaturated acyl-CoAs were not used efficiently by any isoform whereas unsaturated LCB substrates were preferred by LOH2 and 3. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a general inhibitor of ceramide synthases but LOH1 was found to have a much lower Ki than the other isoforms pointing towards the origin of FB1 sensitivity in plants. Overall, the data suggest distinct roles and modes of regulation for each of the ceramide synthases in Arabidopsis sphingolipid metabolism.
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Xing XQ, Li YL, Zhang YX, Xiao Y, Li ZD, Liu LQ, Zhou YS, Zhang HY, Liu YH, Zhang LH, Zhuang M, Chen YP, Ouyang SR, Wu XW, Yang J. Sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate signalling pathway as a potential therapeutic target of pulmonary hypertension. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:11930-5. [PMID: 26550106 DOI: pmid/26550106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by extensive vascular remodelling, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and eventual death due to right heart failure. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension involves vascular endothelial dysfunction and disordered vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, but the exact processes remain unknown. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lysophospholipid involved in a wide spectrum of biological processes. S1P has been shown to regulate VSMC proliferation and migration and vascular tension via a family of five S1P G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-SIP5). S1P has been shown to have both a vasoconstrictive and vasodilating effect. The S1P receptors S1P1 and S1P3 promote, while S1P2 inhibits VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro in response to S1P. Moreover, it has been reported recently that sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P2 inhibitors might be useful therapeutic agents in the treatment of empirical pulmonary hypertension. The sphingosine kinase 1/S1P signalling pathways may play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Modulation of this pathway may offer novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Qian Xing
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan-Li Li
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Zhang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Li
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Qiong Liu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhou
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Hui Zhang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan-Ping Chen
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheng-Rong Ouyang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xu-Wei Wu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Hair Cell Loss Induced by Sphingosine and a Sphingosine Kinase Inhibitor in the Rat Cochlea. Neurotox Res 2015; 29:35-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Sphingosine Kinase Regulates Microtubule Dynamics and Organelle Positioning Necessary for Proper G1/S Cell Cycle Transition in Trypanosoma brucei. mBio 2015; 6:e01291-15. [PMID: 26443455 PMCID: PMC4611037 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01291-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sphingolipids are important constituents of cell membranes and also serve as mediators of cell signaling and cell recognition. Sphingolipid metabolites such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide regulate signaling cascades involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, autophagy, inflammation, and apoptosis. Little is known about how sphingolipids and their metabolites function in single-celled eukaryotes. In the present study, we investigated the role of sphingosine kinase (SPHK) in the biology of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, the agent of African sleeping sickness. T. brucei SPHK (TbSPHK) is constitutively but differentially expressed during the life cycle of T. brucei. Depletion of TbSPHK in procyclic-form T. brucei causes impaired growth and attenuation in the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. TbSPHK-depleted cells also develop organelle positioning defects and an accumulation of tyrosinated α-tubulin at the elongated posterior end of the cell, known as the "nozzle" phenotype, caused by other molecular perturbations in this organism. Our studies indicate that TbSPHK is involved in G1-to-S cell cycle progression, organelle positioning, and maintenance of cell morphology. Cytotoxicity assays using TbSPHK inhibitors revealed a favorable therapeutic index between T. brucei and human cells, suggesting TbSPHK to be a novel drug target. IMPORTANCE Trypanosoma brucei is a single-celled parasite that is transmitted between humans and other animals by the tsetse fly. T. brucei is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, where over 70 million people and countless livestock are at risk of developing T. brucei infection, called African sleeping sickness, resulting in economic losses of ~$35 million from the loss of cattle alone. New drugs for this infection are sorely needed and scientists are trying to identify essential enzymes in the parasite that can be targets for new therapies. One possible enzyme target is sphingosine kinase, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of lipids important for cell surface integrity and regulation of cell functions. In this study, we found that sphingosine kinase is essential for normal growth and structure of the parasite, raising the possibility that it could be a good target for new chemotherapy for sleeping sickness.
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126
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Xun C, Chen MB, Qi L, Tie-Ning Z, Peng X, Ning L, Zhi-Xiao C, Li-Wei W. Targeting sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) by ABC294640 inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:94. [PMID: 26337959 PMCID: PMC4559903 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem in China and around the world. It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Research groups are thus searching for novel and more efficient anti-CRC agents. RESULTS Here we demonstrated that ABC294640, a novel SphK2 inhibitor, induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in transformed and primary CRC cells. The SphK activity was remarkably inhibited by ABC294640, accompanied by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) depletion and ceramide incensement in CRC cells. Exogenously-added S1P inhibited ABC294640-induced HT-29 cell lethality. While C6 ceramide and SphK1 inhibitor SKI-II facilitated ABC294640-induced cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells. ABC294640 inhibited AKT-S6K1, but activated JNK signaling in transformed and primary CRC cells. JNK inhibitors (SP600125 and JNKi-II) alleviated ABC294640-induced CRC cell apoptosis. Moreover, a low concentration of ABC294640 sensitized the activity of 5-FU and cisplatin in vitro. In vivo, ABC294640 oral administration dramatically inhibited HT-29 xenografts growth in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Targeting of SphK2 by ABC294640 potently inhibits CRC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo, ABC294640 could be developed as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Xun
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China.
| | - Li Qi
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China.
| | - Zhang Tie-Ning
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China.
| | - Xue Peng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China.
| | - Li Ning
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China.
| | - Chen Zhi-Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China.
| | - Wang Li-Wei
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, Hongkou District, 200080, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Wronowska W, Charzyńska A, Nienałtowski K, Gambin A. Computational modeling of sphingolipid metabolism. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2015; 9:47. [PMID: 26275400 PMCID: PMC4537549 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-015-0176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background As suggested by the origin of the word, sphingolipids are mysterious molecules with various roles in antagonistic cellular processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, sphingolipids have recently been recognized as important messengers in cellular signaling pathways. Notably, sphingolipid metabolism disorders have been observed in various pathological conditions such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Results The existing formal models of sphingolipid metabolism focus mainly on de novo ceramide synthesis or are limited to biochemical transformations of particular subspecies. Here, we propose the first comprehensive computational model of sphingolipid metabolism in human tissue. Contrary to the previous approaches, we use a model that reflects cell compartmentalization thereby highlighting the differences among individual organelles. Conclusions The model that we present here was validated using recently proposed methods of model analysis, allowing to detect the most sensitive and experimentally non-identifiable parameters and determine the main sources of model variance. Moreover, we demonstrate the usefulness of our model in the study of molecular processes underlying Alzheimer’s disease, which are associated with sphingolipid metabolism. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-015-0176-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Wronowska
- Institute of Computer Science Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Charzyńska
- Faculty of Biology University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. .,Bioinformatics Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karol Nienałtowski
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Gambin
- Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Blaess M, Le HP, Claus RA, Kohl M, Deigner HP. Stereospecific induction of apoptosis in tumor cells via endogenous C16-ceramide and distinct transcripts. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15013. [PMID: 27551447 PMCID: PMC4979478 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Concentration and distribution of individual endogenous ceramide species is crucial for apoptosis induction in response to various stimuli. Exogenous ceramide analogs induce apoptosis and can in turn modify the composition/concentrations of endogenous ceramide species and associated signaling. In this study, we show here that the elevation of endogenous C16-ceramide levels is a common feature of several known apoptosis-inducing triggers like mmLDL, TNF-alpha, H2O2 and exogenous C6-ceramide. Vice versa apoptosis requires elevation of endogenous C16-ceramide levels in cells. Enantiomers of a synthetic ceramide analog HPL-1RS36N have been developed as probes and vary in their capacity to inducing apoptosis in macrophages and HT-29 cells. Apoptosis induction by the two synthetic ceramide analogs HPL-39N and HPL-1R36N correlates with generation of cellular C16-ceramide concentration. In contrast to the S-enantiomer HPL-1S36N, the R-enantiomer HPL-1R36N shows significant effects on the expression of distinct genes known to be involved in cell cycle, cell growth and cell death (CXCL10, CCL5 and TNF-alpha), similarly on apoptosis induction. Enantioselective effects on transcription induced by metabolically stable synthetic probes provide clues on molecular mechanisms of ceramide-induced signaling, as well as leads for future anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blaess
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany; Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - H P Le
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University , Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - R A Claus
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany; Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - M Kohl
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University , Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - H-P Deigner
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute IZI, Leipzig, EXIM Department, Schillingallee 68, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
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129
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Abstract
The topic of ceramidases has experienced an enormous boost during the last few years. Ceramidases catalyze the degradation of ceramide to sphingosine and fatty acids. Ceramide is not only the central hub of sphingolipid biosynthesis and degradation, it is also a key molecule in sphingolipid signaling, promoting differentiation or apoptosis. Acid ceramidase inhibition sensitizes certain types of cancer to chemo- and radio-therapy and this is suggestive of a role of acid ceramidase inhibitors as chemo-sensitizers which can act synergistically with chemo-therapeutic drugs. In this review, we summarize the development of ceramide analogues as first-generation ceramidase inhibitors together with data on their activity in cells and disease models. Furthermore, we describe the recent developments that have led to highly potent second-generation ceramidase inhibitors that act at nanomolar concentrations. In the third part, various assays of ceramidases are described and their relevance for accurately measuring ceramidase activities and for the development of novel inhibitors is highlighted. Besides potential clinical implications, the recent improvements in ceramidase inhibition and assaying may help to better understand the mechanisms of ceramide biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa M Saied
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Berlin, Germany; Suez Canal University, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Berlin, Germany.
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130
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Lee SY, Hong IK, Kim BR, Shim SM, Sung Lee J, Lee HY, Soo Choi C, Kim BK, Park TS. Activation of sphingosine kinase 2 by endoplasmic reticulum stress ameliorates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice. Hepatology 2015; 62:135-46. [PMID: 25808625 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal organelle in the cell for protein folding and trafficking, lipid synthesis, and cellular calcium homeostasis. Perturbation of ER function results in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and is implicated in abnormal lipid biosynthesis and development of insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated whether transcription of sphingosine kinase (Sphk)2 is regulated by ER stress-mediated UPR pathways. Sphk2, a major isotype of sphingosine kinase in the liver, was transcriptionally up-regulated by tunicamycin and lipopolysaccharides. Transcriptional regulation of Sphk2 was mediated by activation of activating transcription factor (ATF)4 as demonstrated by promoter assays, immunoblotting, and small interfering RNA analyses. In primary hepatocytes, adenoviral Sphk2 expression elevated cellular sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) and activated protein kinase B phosphorylation, with no alteration of insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation. Hepatic overexpression of Sphk2 in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) led to elevated S1P and reduced ceramide, sphingomyelin, and glucosylceramide in plasma and liver. Hepatic accumulation of lipid droplets by HFD feeding was reduced by Sphk2-mediated up-regulation of fatty acid (FA) oxidizing genes and increased FA oxidation in liver. In addition, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance were ameliorated by improved hepatic insulin signaling through Sphk2 up-regulation. CONCLUSION Sphk2 is transcriptionally up-regulated by acute ER stress through activation of ATF4 and improves perturbed hepatic glucose and FA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Lee
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Sungnam, Korea
| | - In-Kyung Hong
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Sungnam, Korea
| | - Bo-Rahm Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Sungnam, Korea
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hui-Young Lee
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, Functional Genomics Institute, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Sungnam, Korea
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131
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Luttgeharm KD, Cahoon EB, Markham JE. A mass spectrometry-based method for the assay of ceramide synthase substrate specificity. Anal Biochem 2015; 478:96-101. [PMID: 25725359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The acyl composition of sphingolipids is determined by the specificity of the enzyme ceramide synthase (EC 2.3.1.24). Ceramide contains a long-chain base (LCB) linked to a variety of fatty acids to produce a lipid class with potentially hundreds of structural variants. An optimized procedure for the assay of ceramide synthase in yeast microsomes is reported that uses mass spectrometry to detect any possible LCB and fatty acid combination synthesized from unlabeled substrates provided in the reaction. The assay requires the delivery of substrates with bovine serum albumin for maximum activity within defined limits of substrate concentration and specific methods to stop the reaction and extract the lipid that avoid the non-enzymatic synthesis of ceramide. The activity of ceramide synthase in yeast microsomes is demonstrated with the four natural LCBs found in yeast along with six saturated and two unsaturated fatty acyl-coenzyme As from 16 to 26 carbons in length. The procedure allows for the determination of substrate specificity and kinetic parameters toward natural substrates for ceramide synthase from potentially any organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Luttgeharm
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Edgar B Cahoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Jennifer E Markham
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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132
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Romero-Guevara R, Cencetti F, Donati C, Bruni P. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling pathway in inner ear biology. New therapeutic strategies for hearing loss? Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:60. [PMID: 25954197 PMCID: PMC4407579 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent conditions around the world, in particular among people over 60 years old. Thus, an increase of this affection is predicted as result of the aging process in our population. In this context, it is important to further explore the function of molecular targets involved in the biology of inner ear sensory cells to better individuate new candidates for therapeutic application. One of the main causes of deafness resides into the premature death of hair cells and auditory neurons. In this regard, neurotrophins and growth factors such as insulin like growth factor are known to be beneficial by favoring the survival of these cells. An elevated number of published data in the last 20 years have individuated sphingolipids not only as structural components of biological membranes but also as critical regulators of key biological processes, including cell survival. Ceramide, formed by catabolism of sphingomyelin (SM) and other complex sphingolipids, is a strong inducer of apoptotic pathway, whereas sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), generated by cleavage of ceramide to sphingosine and phosphorylation catalyzed by two distinct sphingosine kinase (SK) enzymes, stimulates cell survival. Interestingly S1P, by acting as intracellular mediator or as ligand of a family of five distinct S1P receptors (S1P1–S1P5), is a very powerful bioactive sphingolipid, capable of triggering also other diverse cellular responses such as cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, and is critically involved in the development and homeostasis of several organs and tissues. Although new interesting data have become available, the information on S1P pathway and other sphingolipids in the biology of the inner ear is limited. Nonetheless, there are several lines of evidence implicating these signaling molecules during neurogenesis in other cell populations. In this review, we discuss the role of S1P during inner ear development, also as guidance for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Romero-Guevara
- Department Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", University of Florence Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", University of Florence Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", University of Florence Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", University of Florence Firenze, Italy
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133
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Weth D, Benetti C, Rauch C, Gstraunthaler G, Schmidt H, Geisslinger G, Sabbadini R, Proia RL, Kress M. Activated platelets release sphingosine 1-phosphate and induce hypersensitivity to noxious heat stimuli in vivo. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:140. [PMID: 25954148 PMCID: PMC4406086 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
At the site of injury activated platelets release various mediators, one of which is sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). It was the aim of this study to explore whether activated human platelets had a pronociceptive effect in an in vivo mouse model and whether this effect was based on the release of S1P and subsequent activation of neuronal S1P receptors 1 or 3. Human platelets were prepared in different concentrations (10(5)/μl, 10(6)/μl, 10(7)/μl) and assessed in mice with different genetic backgrounds (WT, S1P1 (fl/fl), SNS-S1P1 (-/-), S1P3 (-/-)). Intracutaneous injections of activated human platelets induced a significant, dose-dependent hypersensitivity to noxious thermal stimulation. The degree of heat hypersensitivity correlated with the platelet concentration as well as the platelet S1P content and the amount of S1P released upon platelet activation as measured with LC MS/MS. Despite the significant correlations between S1P and platelet count, no difference in paw withdrawal latency (PWL) was observed in mice with a global null mutation of the S1P3 receptor or a conditional deletion of the S1P1 receptor in nociceptive primary afferents. Furthermore, neutralization of S1P with a selective anti-S1P antibody did not abolish platelet induced heat hypersensitivity. Our results suggest that activated platelets release S1P and induce heat hypersensitivity in vivo. However, the platelet induced heat hypersensitivity was caused by mediators other than S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Weth
- Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
| | - Camilla Benetti
- Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
| | - Caroline Rauch
- Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Gstraunthaler
- Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Schmidt
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical PharmacologyFrankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical PharmacologyFrankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Richard L. Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michaela Kress
- Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
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134
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Xu JD, Xing WM, Yuan TJ, Chen J, Lu H. Metabolic changes in the urine of andrographolide sodium bisulfite-treated rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:162-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327115579429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, andrographolide sodium bisulfite (ASB) has been reported to cause acute renal failure frequently in clinical practice. We hypothesized that changes in metabolic profile could have occurred after administration of ASB. To investigate the metabolic changes caused by ASB-induced nephrotoxicity, metabonomics method was utilized to depict the urine metabolic characteristics and find the specific urine biomarkers associated with ASB-induced nephrotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three experimental groups. They received a single daily injection of vehicle (0.9% sodium chloride solution) or ASB at a dose of 100 or 600 mg kg−1 day−1 for 7 days. Twelve-hour urine was collected after the last administration. The routine urinalysis was measured by a urine automatic analyzer while urinary metabolites were evaluated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The acquired data were processed by multivariate principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal PLS-DA. After 7-day administration of ASB, the positive urine samples in protein, occult blood, and ketones were increased, presenting dose dependence. The PCA and PLS-DA models were capable of distinguishing the difference between ASB-treated group and control. Biomarkers such as 1,5-anhydroglucitol, d-erythro-sphingosine, and 2-ketoadipate were identified as the most influential factors in ASB-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- JD Xu
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - WM Xing
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - TJ Yuan
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Lu
- School of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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135
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Tang X, Benesch MGK, Brindley DN. Lipid phosphate phosphatases and their roles in mammalian physiology and pathology. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2048-60. [PMID: 25814022 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r058362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs) are a group of enzymes that belong to a phosphatase/phosphotransferase family. Mammalian LPPs consist of three isoforms: LPP1, LPP2, and LPP3. They share highly conserved catalytic domains and catalyze the dephosphorylation of a variety of lipid phosphates, including phosphatidate, lysophosphatidate (LPA), sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), ceramide 1-phosphate, and diacylglycerol pyrophosphate. LPPs are integral membrane proteins, which are localized on plasma membranes with the active site on the outer leaflet. This enables the LPPs to degrade extracellular LPA and S1P, thereby attenuating their effects on the activation of surface receptors. LPP3 also exhibits noncatalytic effects at the cell surface. LPP expression on internal membranes, such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, facilitates the metabolism of internal lipid phosphates, presumably on the luminal surface of these organelles. This action probably explains the signaling effects of the LPPs, which occur downstream of receptor activation. The three isoforms of LPPs show distinct and nonredundant effects in several physiological and pathological processes including embryo development, vascular function, and tumor progression. This review is intended to present an up-to-date understanding of the physiological and pathological consequences of changing the activities of the different LPPs, especially in relation to cell signaling by LPA and S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Tang
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Matthew G K Benesch
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - David N Brindley
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
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136
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Li W, Tian Z, Qin H, Li N, Zhou X, Li J, Ni B, Ruan Z. High expression of sphingosine kinase 1 is associated with poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:341-7. [PMID: 25778867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), an oncogenic enzyme, was involved in the development and progression of a number of human cancers. However, the role of SPHK1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is largely unknown. The present study aimed to characterize the expression of SPHK1 in human NPC and evaluate its clinical significance. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses showed that the expression of SPHK1 mRNA and protein in NPC specimens was significantly higher than that in non-tumorous nasopharyngeal mucosa biopsies. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to characterize the expression pattern of SPHK1 in 142 archived paraffin-embedded NPC specimens. Statistical analyses revealed that high levels of SPHK1 expression were associated with the clinical stages, locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis of NPC. NPC patients with high levels of SPHK1 expression had shorter survival time, whereas those with lower levels of SPHK1 expression survived longer. Moreover, multivariate analysis suggested that SPHK1 up-regulation was an independent prognostic factor for NPC. Our results suggest for the first time that SPHK1 is involved in the development and progression of NPC, which can be used as a useful prognostic marker for NPC patients and may be an effective target for treating NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Bing Ni
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Zhihua Ruan
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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137
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Ji F, Mao L, Liu Y, Cao X, Xie Y, Wang S, Fei H. K6PC-5, a novel sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) activator, alleviates dexamethasone-induced damages to osteoblasts through activating SphK1-Akt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:568-575. [PMID: 25680461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Long-term glucocorticoid usage is a common cause of non-traumatic femoral head osteonecrosis. Glucocorticoids (i.e. dexamethasone (Dex)) could directly induce damages to osteoblasts. In the current study, we investigated the potential activity of K6PC-5 [N-(1,3-dihydroxyisopropyl)-2-hexyl-3-oxo-decanamide], a novel sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) activator, against this process. Our data revealed that both osteoblastic-like MC3T3-E1 cells and primary murine osteoblasts were responsible to K6PC-5. K6PC-5 activated SphK1, increased sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) production and induced Akt phosphorylation in cultured osteoblasts. Functionally, K6PC-5 protected osteoblasts from Dex-induced apoptosis and necrosis. Such signaling and functional effects by K6PC-5 were prevented by the SphK1 inhibitor N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS), and by SphK1-siRNAs. On the other hand, exogenously-added S1P activated Akt and reduced Dex-induced osteoblast damages. LY294002 and MK-2206, two established Akt inhibitors, alleviated K6PC-5- or S1P-mediated osteoblast protection against Dex. Together, our results suggest that K6PC-5 alleviates Dex-induced osteoblast injuries through activating SphK1-Akt signaling. K6PC-5 might be further investigated in animal or clinical studies for its anti-glucocorticoids-associated osteonecrosis potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Shouguo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Haodong Fei
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
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138
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Wu TT, Zhou SH. Nanoparticle-based targeted therapeutics in head-and-neck cancer. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:187-200. [PMID: 25589895 PMCID: PMC4293184 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.10083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Head-and-neck cancer is a major form of the disease worldwide. Treatment consists of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but these have not resulted in improved survival rates over the past few decades. Versatile nanoparticles, with selective tumor targeting, are considered to have the potential to improve these poor outcomes. Application of nanoparticle-based targeted therapeutics has extended into many areas, including gene silencing, chemotherapeutic drug delivery, radiosensitization, photothermal therapy, and has shown much promise. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the field of nanoparticle-mediated targeted therapeutics for head-and-neck cancer, with an emphasis on the description of targeting points, including future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, China
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139
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Rüger K, Ottenlinger F, Schröder M, Živković A, Stark H, Pfeilschifter JM, Radeke HH. Modulation of IL-33/ST2-TIR and TLR Signalling Pathway by Fingolimod and Analogues in Immune Cells. Scand J Immunol 2014; 80:398-407. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Rüger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES; Clinic of the J.W. Goethe University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - F. Ottenlinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES; Clinic of the J.W. Goethe University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - M. Schröder
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES; Clinic of the J.W. Goethe University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- BioMed X Innovation Center; Heildelberg Germany
| | - A. Živković
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Goethe University Frankfurt; Biozentrum; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - H. Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Goethe University Frankfurt; Biozentrum; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry; Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - J. M. Pfeilschifter
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES; Clinic of the J.W. Goethe University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - H. H. Radeke
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES; Clinic of the J.W. Goethe University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
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140
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Li P, Liu Y, Wang H, He Y, Wang X, He Y, Lv F, Chen H, Pang X, Liu M, Shi T, Yi Z. PubAngioGen: a database and knowledge for angiogenesis and related diseases. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 43:D963-7. [PMID: 25392416 PMCID: PMC4383947 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of generating new blood vessels based on existing ones, which is involved in many diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Recently, great efforts have been made to explore the mechanisms of angiogenesis in various diseases and many angiogenic factors have been discovered as therapeutic targets in anti- or pro-angiogenic drug development. However, the resulted information is sparsely distributed and no systematical summarization has been made. In order to integrate these related results and facilitate the researches for the community, we conducted manual text-mining from published literature and built a database named as PubAngioGen (http://www.megabionet.org/aspd/). Our online application displays a comprehensive network for exploring the connection between angiogenesis and diseases at multilevels including protein–protein interaction, drug-target, disease-gene and signaling pathways among various cells and animal models recorded through text-mining. To enlarge the scope of the PubAngioGen application, our database also links to other common resources including STRING, DrugBank and OMIM databases, which will facilitate understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis and drug development in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yongrui Liu
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huan Wang
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuan He
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xue Wang
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yundong He
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fang Lv
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huaqing Chen
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tieliu Shi
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- The center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
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141
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Meierhofer D, Weidner C, Sauer S. Integrative analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data of white adipose and liver tissue of high-fat diet and rosiglitazone-treated insulin-resistant mice identified pathway alterations and molecular hubs. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:5592-602. [PMID: 25287014 DOI: 10.1021/pr5005828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incidences of obesity and type 2 diabetes are rapidly increasing and have evolved into a global epidemic. In this study, we analyzed the molecular effects of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin-resistance on mice in two metabolic target tissues, the white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver. Additionally, we analyzed the effects of drug treatment using the specific PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone. We integrated transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome data sets for a combined holistic view of molecular mechanisms in type 2 diabetes. Using network and pathway analyses, we identified hub proteins such as SDHB and SUCLG1 in WAT and deregulation of major metabolic pathways in the insulin-resistant state, including the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and branched chain amino acid metabolism. Rosiglitazone treatment resulted mainly in modulation via PPAR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in WAT only. Interestingly, in HFD liver, we could observe a decrease of proteins involved in vitamin B metabolism such as PDXDC1 and DHFR and the according metabolites. Furthermore, we could identify sphingosine (Sph) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (SP1) as a drug-specific marker pair in the liver. In summary, our data indicate physiological plasticity gained by interconnected molecular pathways to counteract metabolic dysregulation due to high calorie intake and drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics , Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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142
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Yang W, Li Q, Pan Z. Sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes extravillous trophoblast cell invasion by activating MEK/ERK/MMP-2 signaling pathways via S1P/S1PR1 axis activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106725. [PMID: 25188412 PMCID: PMC4154763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful placentation depends on the proper invasion of extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells into maternal tissues. Previous reports demonstrated that S1P receptors are expressed in the EVT cells and S1P could regulate migration and function of trophoblast cells via S1P receptors. However, little is known about roles of S1P in the invasion of EVT cells. Our study was performed to investigate S1P effect on the invasion of EVT cells. We used the extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo cells to evaluate the effect. In vitro invasion assay was employed to determine the invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells induced by S1P. MMP-2 enzyme activity and relative level in the supernatants of HTR8/SVneo was assessed by gelatin zymography and western blot. Based on the above, siRNA and specific inhibitors were used for the intervention and study of potential signal pathways, and Real-time qPCR and western blot were used to test the mRNA and protein level of potential signal targets. We found that S1P could promote HTR8/SVneo cell invasion and upregulates activity and level of MMP-2. The promotion requires activation of MEK-ERK and is dependent on the axis of S1P/S1PR1. Our investigation of S1P may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of EVT invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- Pharmacy and Biological Science School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qinghua Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhifang Pan
- Pharmacy and Biological Science School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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143
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Xiong H, Wang J, Guan H, Wu J, Xu R, Wang M, Rong X, Huang K, Huang J, Liao Q, Fu Y, Yuan J. SphK1 confers resistance to apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by downregulating Bim via stimulating Akt/FoxO3a signaling. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1369-73. [PMID: 25109605 PMCID: PMC4148362 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), an enzyme that catalyzes the production of sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP), is upregulated in human gastric cancer and predicts poor clinical outcome. In the present study, we used known differential effects of UV irradiation on human MGC-803 gastric cancer cells to determine their effect on SphK1 activity. Ectopic expression of SphK1 in MGC-803 gastric cancer cells markedly enhanced their resistance to UV irradiation, whereas silencing endogenous SphK1 with shRNAs weakened this ability. Furthermore, these anti-apoptotic effects were significantly associated with decrease of Bim, an apoptosis-related protein. We further demonstrated that SphK1 could downregulate the transcriptional activity of forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) by inducing its phosphorylation, which was found to be associated with the PI3K/Akt signaling. Taken together, our study supports the theory that SphK1 confers resistance to apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Xiong
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Jicheng Wang
- Guangdong Women's and Children's Hospital, Medical Genetics Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ru Xu
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Xia Rong
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Ke Huang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Jieting Huang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Yongshui Fu
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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144
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Chang SE, Kim KJ, Ro KH, Lim YJ, Choi JH, Moon KC, Sung KJ. Sphingosine May Have Cytotoxic EffectsviaApoptosis on the Growth of Keloid Fibroblasts. J Dermatol 2014; 31:1-5. [PMID: 14739495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2004.tb00495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2003] [Accepted: 09/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Keloids are often resistant to treatment, causing much suffering to the patient. Our previous work found that ceramide (Cer) inhibits growth of fibroblasts via apoptosis. However, when compared to normal fibroblasts (NFs), which are quiescent, keloid fibroblasts (KFs) rapidly proliferate and are reported to be resistant to apoptosis via Cer. Sphingosine (Sph) is a metabolite product of ceramide that has some different biochemical properties. Thereofore, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of Sph on cultured fibroblasts from keloid lesions and normal skin in order to evaluate the possibility of using Sph in the treatment of keloid. We used the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) method, MTT method, and propidium iodide (PI) method. Sph had cytotoxic effects via apoptosis on both the KFs and NFs. Our results indicate that Sph may be applicable to the future treatment of keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
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145
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate transporters as targets for cancer therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:651727. [PMID: 25133174 PMCID: PMC4123566 DOI: 10.1155/2014/651727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic lipid mediator that regulates cell survival, migration, the recruitment of immune cells, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis, all of which are involved in cancer progression. S1P is generated inside cancer cells by sphingosine kinases then exported outside of the cell into the tumor microenvironment where it binds to any of five G protein coupled receptors and proceeds to regulate a variety of functions. We have recently reported on the mechanisms underlying the “inside-out” signaling of S1P, its export through the plasma membrane, and its interaction with cell surface receptors. Membrane lipids, including S1P, do not spontaneously exchange through lipid bilayers since the polar head groups do not readily go through the hydrophobic interior of the plasma membrane. Instead, specific transporter proteins exist on the membrane to exchange these lipids. This review summarizes what is known regarding S1P transport through the cell membrane via ATP-binding cassette transporters and the spinster 2 transporter and discusses the roles for these transporters in cancer and in the tumor microenvironment. Based on our research and the emerging understanding of the role of S1P signaling in cancer and in the tumor microenvironment, S1P transporters and S1P signaling hold promise as new therapeutic targets for cancer drug development.
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146
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Wang M, Lu L, Liu Y, Gu G, Tao R. FTY720 attenuates hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 97:218-24. [PMID: 25034934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
FTY720, sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist, is a potent immunosuppressive agent. Numerous studies have documented a relationship between S1P and cardioprotection. We therefore hypothesized that a S1P analogue FTY720 would attenuate hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) induced cadiomyocyte apoptosis. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were employed to establish an in vitro model of H/R. Cells were treated or not with different doses of FTY720. Cell viability was measured by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Western blot was used to analyze downstream signaling pathway. We observed that FTY720 inhibits the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and activates both AKT and ERK1/2 pathways. AKT pathway can be blocked by MEK kinase inhibitor PD98059. ERK1/2 pathway can be blocked by the phosphoinositide-3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin. AKT and ERK1/2 activation can also be inhibited by S1P1/3 receptor antagonist VPC23019, Gi antagonist PTX. The protein levels of TNF-α and IL1ß were upregulated during hypoxia/reoxygenation and were attenuated by FTY720. We conclude that FTY720, via its cargo of S1P, can protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. This effect is achieved by inhibiting caspase-3 expression, inflammatory cytokine levels and activating AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. The prosurvival signal activation is dependent on S1P1, 3 subtype receptors and Gi protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yehong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Rong Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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147
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Geng X, Guo L, Zeng W, Ma L, Ou X, Luo C, Quan S, Li H. Effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate on gene expression of two cell mouse embryos induced by C2-Ceramide. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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148
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Knockdown of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibits the migration and invasion of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by down-regulating the PI3K/AKT activation and MMP-2/9 production in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5157-65. [PMID: 24816639 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) on the migration, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). RA-FLS were transfected control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA. The migration and invasion of unmanipulated control, control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA- transfected RA-FLS in vitro were measured by the transwell system. The relative levels of SPHK1, PI3K, and AKT as well as AKT phosphorylation in RA-FLS were determined by Western blot. The levels of MMP-2/9 secreted by RA-FLS were detected by ELISA. Knockdown of SPHK1 significantly inhibited the spontaneous migration and invasion of RA-FLS, accompanied by significantly reduced levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. Similarly, treatment with LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS. Knockdown of SPHK1 and treatment with the inhibitor synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS, by further reducing the levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. In addition, knockdown of SPHK1 or treatment with LY294002 inhibited the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and both synergistically reduced the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in RA-FLS in vitro. Knockdown of SPHK1 expression inhibits the PI3K/AKT activation, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, and human RA-FLS migration and invasion in vitro. Potentially, SPHK1 may be a novel therapeutic target for RA.
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149
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Ginsenoside compound K inhibits angiogenesis via regulation of sphingosine kinase-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 37:1183-92. [PMID: 24687256 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a metabolite of the protopanaxadiol-type saponins of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), has long been used to treat against the development of cancer, inflammation, allergies, and diabetes. This study examined the anti-angiogenic properties of CK against sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-induced cell migration via regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Studies on S1P-induced cell migration, expression of SPHK1 and MMPs and analysis of sphingolipid metabolites by LC-MS/MS were examined after the treatment of CK (2.5, 5, 10 μg/mL) in HUVEC. S1P produced by SPHK1 is also involved in cell growth, migration, and protection of apoptosis; therefore, we sought to investigate whether ginsenosides are able to regulate SPHK1. For this purpose, we developed an inhibitory assay of SPHK1 activity and an analytical method for detection of S1P and other sphingolipid metabolites in HUVEC. Ginsenoside CK inhibited 100 nM S1P-induced cell migrations in a dose-dependent manner. Among tested ginsenosides, CK exclusively inhibited S1P production, SPHK1 activity and SPHK1 expression in HUVEC, whereas expression of the pro-apoptotic sphingolipids, sphingosine and ceramide, was increased in response to CK. The major subspecies of the increased ceramide was C24:0-ceramide. CK also disrupted the sphingolipid rheostat, which ultimately influences cell fate, and dose-dependently inhibited HUVEC migration by reducing expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs). Ginsenoside CK acts as a unique HUVEC migration inhibitor by regulating MMP expression, as well as the activity of SPHK1 and its related sphingolipid metabolites.
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150
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Marvaso G, Barone A, Amodio N, Raimondi L, Agosti V, Altomare E, Scotti V, Lombardi A, Bianco R, Bianco C, Caraglia M, Tassone P, Tagliaferri P. Sphingosine analog fingolimod (FTY720) increases radiation sensitivity of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:797-805. [PMID: 24657936 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.28556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most effective therapeutic strategies for breast cancer patients, although its efficacy may be reduced by intrinsic radiation resistance of cancer cells. Recent investigations demonstrate a link between cancer cell radio-resistance and activation of sphingosine kinase (SphK1), which plays a key role in the balance of lipid signaling molecules. Sphingosine kinase (SphK1) activity can alter the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/ceramide ratio leading to an imbalance in the sphingolipid rheostat. Fingolimod (FTY720) is a novel sphingosine analog and a potent immunosuppressive drug that acts as a SphK1 antagonist, inhibits the growth, and induces apoptosis in different human cancer cell lines. We sought to investigate the in vitro radiosensitizing effects of FTY720 on the MDA-MB-361 breast cancer cell line and to assess the effects elicited by radiation and FTY720 combined treatments. We found that FTY720 significantly increased anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects induced by a single dose of ionizing radiation while causing autophagosome accumulation. At the molecular level, FTY720 significantly potentiated radiation effects on perturbation of signaling pathways involved in regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis, such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK. In conclusion, our data highlight a potent radiosensitizing effect of FTY720 on breast cancer cells and provide the basis of novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marvaso
- Radiation Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Agnese Barone
- Radiation Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valter Agosti
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro; Catanzaro, Italy; CIS for Genomics and Molecular Pathology; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Altomare
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology; Second University of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology; Biomorphological and Functional Sciences; University "Federico II" of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Radiation Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology; Second University of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
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