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Dongiovanni P, Meroni M, Aiello G, D’Amato A, Cenzato N, Casati S, Damiani G, Fenoglio C, Galimberti D, Grossi E, Prati D, Lamorte G, Bianco C, Valenti L, Soggiu A, Zapperi S, La Porta CAM, Del Fabbro M, Tartaglia GM. Salivary proteomic profile of young healthy subjects. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1327233. [PMID: 38099196 PMCID: PMC10720708 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1327233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has been rapidly ramped up worldwide. Hence, there is an urgent need to non-invasively detect NCDs possibly by exploiting saliva as a 'liquid biopsy' to identify biomarkers of the health status. Since, the absence of standardized procedures of collection/analysis and the lack of normal ranges makes the use of saliva still tricky, our purpose was to outline a salivary proteomic profile which features healthy individuals. Methods: We collected saliva samples from 19 young blood donors as reference population and the proteomic profile was investigated through mass-spectrometry. Results: We identified 1,004 proteins of whose 243 proteins were shared by all subjects. By applying a data clustering approach, we found a set of six most representative proteins across all subjects including Coronin-1A, F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha, Immunoglobulin J chain, Prosaposin, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein and Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A and 1B. Conclusion: All of these proteins are involved in immune system activation, cellular stress responses, proliferation, and invasion thus suggesting their use as biomarkers in patients with NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Dongiovanni
- Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Meroni
- Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gilda Aiello
- Department of Human Science and Quality of Life Promotion, Telematic University San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - A. D’Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - N. Cenzato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S. Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Damiani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Fenoglio
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - D. Galimberti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E. Grossi
- Villa Santa Maria Foundation, Tavernerio, Italy
| | - D. Prati
- Biological Resource Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Lamorte
- Biological Resource Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Bianco
- Biological Resource Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Valenti
- Biological Resource Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Soggiu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S. Zapperi
- Department of Physics, Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C. A. M. La Porta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- SC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - G. M. Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- SC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Gabriel A, Miller T, Bianco C, Sokos G, Caccamo M, Lagazzi L. A Rare Case of COVID-19 Induced Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adult (MIS-A) Requiring Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO). J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [PMCID: PMC8988543 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction MIS-A is a rare COVID-19 induced condition defined by fever, new-onset severe cardiac illness, rash, encephalopathy, and elevated inflammatory markers in the setting of positive serum COVID-19 antibodies. This inflammatory cascade can cause significant biventricular dysfunction and subsequent cardiogenic shock. Patients with MIS-A can require temporary cardiac support including VA-ECMO. We present a case of a patient requiring VA-ECMO secondary to MIS-A induced heart failure and cardiogenic shock, with eventual myocardial recovery. Case Report 30-year-old male with type two diabetes was admitted with acute hypoxic respiratory failure, multiorgan failure, acute systolic biventricular heart failure, and COVID-19 infection four weeks prior. He was intubated and placed on vasopressors, antibiotics, and steroids for concerns for combined cardiogenic and septic shock. TTE noted global hypokinesis and 10-15% EF. EKG was sinus rhythm. He had mildly elevated troponins. Inflammatory markers including D-dimer, fibrinogen, and IL-6 were highly elevated. Despite antibiotics and supportive measures, the patient developed worsening hypoxia and hypotension. IVIG was also initiated, with deferral of plasmapheresis. At this time, MIS-A was suspected. The patient was approved for VA-ECMO as a means for bridging to cardiac recovery. He required VA-ECMO for four days, with ability to decannulate, extubate, and wean off vasopressors. COVID-19 antibody testing was positive. Infectious workup was negative, with the patient transitioned off antibiotics and steroid regimen after completing treatment course. Inflammatory markers improved. Repeat TTE noted 44% EF with improved biventricular function. Cardiac MRI one day later, noted 61% EF without evidence of scar, myocarditis, or perimyocarditis. He was discharged home after a total of 8 days of treatment with follow-ups scheduled. Summary This case highlights a severe presentation of MIS-A and showcases the benefit of VA-ECMO as a bridge to myocardial recovery. VA-ECMO has been shown to improve in-hospital survival and serve as a mechanism for cardiac recovery in acutely ill patients. Long-term cardiac effects and recovery rates post COVID-19 induced MIS-A remain unknown.
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Bianco C, Issaurat P, Vallet H. Désaturation et accident vasculaire cérébral chez une patiente âgée aux urgences : quand le foramen s’en mêle ! Ann Fr Med Urgence 2022. [DOI: 10.3166/afmu-2022-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Seekings AH, Warren CJ, Thomas SS, Mahmood S, James J, Byrne AMP, Watson S, Bianco C, Nunez A, Brown IH, Brookes SM, Slomka MJ. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N6 (clade 2.3.4.4b) has a preferable host tropism for waterfowl reflected in its inefficient transmission to terrestrial poultry. Virology 2021; 559:74-85. [PMID: 33839461 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly-pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N6 (clade 2.3.4.4b) incurred into Europe in late 2017 and was predominantly detected in wild birds, with very few terrestrial poultry cases. Pekin ducks directly-infected with a UK virus (H5N6-2017) were donors of infection to investigate contact transmission to three recipient species: Ducks, chickens and turkeys. H5N6-2017 transmission to ducks was 100% efficient, but transmission to in-contact galliforme species was infrequent and unpredictable, thereby reflecting the European 2017-2018 H5N6 epidemiology. Although only two of 28 (7%) infected ducks died, the six turkeys and one chicken which became infected all died and displayed systemic H5N6-2017 dissemination, while pathogenesis in ducks was generally milder. Analysis of H5N6-2017 progeny in the contacts revealed no emergent polymorphisms in an infected duck, but the galliforme species included changes in the polymerase (PB2 A199T, PA D347A), matrix (M1 T218A) and neuraminidase genes (T88I). H5N6-2017 environmental contamination was associated with duck shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Seekings
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - C J Warren
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - S S Thomas
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - S Mahmood
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - J James
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - A M P Byrne
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - S Watson
- Animal Sciences Unit, APHA-Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - C Bianco
- Pathology Department, APHA-Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - A Nunez
- Pathology Department, APHA-Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - I H Brown
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - S M Brookes
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - M J Slomka
- Avian Virology and Mammalian Influenza Research, Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.
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Foschini F, Napolitano F, Servetto A, Marciano R, Mozzillo E, Carratù AC, Santaniello A, De Placido P, Cascetta P, Butturini G, Frigerio I, Regi P, Silvestris N, Delcuratolo S, Vasile E, Vivaldi C, Bianco C, De Placido S, Formisano L, Bianco R. FOLFIRINOX after first-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer: a retrospective comparison with FOLFOX and FOLFIRI schedules. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920947970. [PMID: 33062062 PMCID: PMC7533956 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920947970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. In cases with metastasis, the combination of 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) or gemcitabine-based chemotherapy regimens are considered the standard of care. However, the optimal sequence of these regimens is unclear. Methods This retrospective study initially evaluated 186 patients with locally advanced/metastatic pancreatic cancer at three Italian institutions between February 2013 and October 2019. All patients had progressed after receiving gemcitabine-based first-line chemotherapy and were subsequently offered second-line FOLFIRINOX, FOLFOX-6, or FOLFIRI treatment. This study evaluated progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival from the start of second-line treatment (OS2), overall survival from the start of first-line treatment (OS1), and safety outcomes. Results A total of 77 patients received ⩾4 cycles of second-line chemotherapy and were considered eligible: 15 patients received FOLFIRINOX, 32 patients received FOLFOX-6, and 30 patients received FOLFIRI. The FOLFIRINOX group had median PFS of 26.29 weeks and median OS2 of 47.86 weeks, while the FOLFIRI group had median PFS of 10.57 weeks and median OS2 of 25.00 weeks (p = 0.038). No significant differences were observed between the FOLFIRINOX and FOLFOX-6 groups in terms of PFS (26.29 weeks versus 23.07 weeks) or OS2 (47.86 weeks versus 42.00 weeks). The most common grade 3-4 toxicities were anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, which occurred more frequently in the FOLFIRINOX and FOLFOX-6 groups. Conclusion Relative to the FOLFIRI regimen, the FOLFIRINOX regimen had a favorable toxicity profile and better survival outcomes. No significant differences were observed relative to the FOLFOX-6 regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Foschini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Servetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Marciano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mozzillo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara Carratù
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Santaniello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Priscilla Cascetta
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Butturini
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Isabella Frigerio
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Regi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sabina Delcuratolo
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico Vasile
- Unit of Oncology 2, University Hospital of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Cataldo Bianco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
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Duff JP, Richey M, Holmes JP, Bianco C, Duff KP, Lawson B. Suspected collision trauma deaths in pied wagtails. Vet Rec 2020; 186:609-610. [PMID: 32527899 PMCID: PMC7365569 DOI: 10.1136/vr.m2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Richey
- APHA Shrewsbury, Kendal Road, Shrewsbury SY1 4HD
| | - J P Holmes
- APHA Shrewsbury, Kendal Road, Shrewsbury SY1 4HD
| | - C Bianco
- APHA Lasswade, Bush Loan Road, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 OPZ
| | - K P Duff
- Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2TU
| | - B Lawson
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY
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Bianco C, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Verin R, Godinho A, Weyer U, Lesellier S, Spiropoulos J, Floyd T, Everest D, Núñez A. Investigation into the Pathology of Idiopathic Systemic Amyloidosis in Four Captive Badgers (Meles meles). J Comp Pathol 2020; 176:128-132. [PMID: 32359625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Systemic idiopathic amyloidosis was described in four captive badgers (Meles meles). Two animals (B1 and B2) were not enrolled in any trial, while animals B3 and B4 took part in a vaccine efficacy study and had been challenged with Mycobacterium bovis. A full set of tissues was collected and processed routinely for histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. Splenomegaly was found in three out of four animals. Histopathological evaluation revealed congophilic, permanganate-resistant systemic amyloid deposits in the tissues of all badgers. Animals B2 and B4 displayed a marked granulomatous response to amyloid within the spleen. Animals B1 and B2 also displayed clinicopathological findings suggestive of chronic kidney disease. Ultrastructural examination identified peculiar star-shaped arrays of amyloid. Immunohistochemical studies were unrewarding. Systemic amyloidosis should be considered among the differentials of wasting in captive badgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bianco
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Lasswade, UK.
| | | | - R Verin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Godinho
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - U Weyer
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - S Lesellier
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - J Spiropoulos
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - T Floyd
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - D Everest
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - A Núñez
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
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Bianco C, Lesellier S, Barrat J, Richomme C, Boschiroli ML, Núñez A. Subclinical BCG-osis in a Captive Badger (Meles meles) with Lymphoma. J Comp Pathol 2020; 176:76-80. [PMID: 32359639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Subclinical systemic dissemination of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is described in a captive badger (Meles meles) with lymphoma. An adult female European badger was vaccinated per os with BCG and after 8 weeks post-mortem examination identified marked lymphadenomegaly and multinodular hepatic lesions. The histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed a multicentric T-cell lymphoma, associated with high BCG bacterial load in numerous tissues. The histology did not identify BCG-associated lesions. The scenario suggested that the T-cell lymphoma likely favoured the dissemination of the BCG ('BCG-osis'). Given that lymphoma is rare in badgers, this neoplasm should not interfere with the efficacy of large-scale vaccination programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bianco
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Lasswade, UK.
| | - S Lesellier
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - J Barrat
- Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Malzéville, France
| | - C Richomme
- Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Malzéville, France
| | - M-L Boschiroli
- University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - A Núñez
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
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Ciciola P, Cascetta P, Bianco C, Formisano L, Bianco R. Combining Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Anti-Angiogenic Agents. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E675. [PMID: 32138216 PMCID: PMC7141336 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has recently emerged as a novel strategy for treating different types of solid tumors, with promising results. However, still a large fraction of patients do not primarily respond to such approaches, and even responders sooner or later develop resistance. Moreover, immunotherapy is a promising strategy for certain malignancies but not for others, with this discrepancy having been attributed to a more immunogenic microenvironment of some tumors. As abnormal and augmented tumor vessels often occur in cancerogenesis, anti-angiogenic drugs have already demonstrated their effectiveness both in preclinical and in clinical settings. By targeting abnormal formation of tumor vessels, anti-angiogenetic agents potentially result in an enhanced infiltration of immune effector cells. Moreover, crosstalks downstream of the immune checkpoint axis and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) signaling may result in synergistic effects of combined treatment in tumor cells. In this review, we will describe and discuss the biological rationale of a combined therapy, underlying the modification in tumor microenvironment as well as in tumor cells after exposure to checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic drugs. Moreover, we will highlight this strategy as a possible way for overcoming drug resistance. By first discussing potential prognostic and predictive factors for combined treatment, we will then turn to clinical settings, focusing on clinical trials where this strategy is currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ciciola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Priscilla Cascetta
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.C.); (P.C.)
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Formisano L, Napolitano F, Rosa R, D'Amato V, Servetto A, Marciano R, De Placido P, Bianco C, Bianco R. Mechanisms of resistance to mTOR inhibitors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 147:102886. [PMID: 32014673 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In several tumors the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently disrupted, an event that results in uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor growth. Through the years, several compounds have been developed to inhibit the pathway at different steps: the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) seemed to be the most qualified target. However, this kinase has such a key role in cell survival that mechanisms of resistance are rapidly developed. Nevertheless, clinical results obtained with mTOR inhibitors in breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors and mantle cell lymphoma push oncologists to actively further develop these drugs, maybe by better selecting the population to which they are offered, through the research of predictive factors of responsiveness. In this review, we aim to describe mechanisms of resistance to mTOR inhibitors, from preclinical and clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Rosa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Amato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Servetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Marciano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Bianco C, Nunez A, Sanchez-Cordon P, Hansen R, Reid S, Jeckel S, Brown I, Thomas S, Poulos C, Brooks S. Pathology of Natural Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses (HPAIV) H5N8 (2017) and HPAIV H5N6 (2018) Infection in Wild Birds in the UK. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fletcher N, Bianco C, Mayers J, Skinner P, Hicks D, Brookes S, Brown I, Núñez A. Correspondence of Newcastle Disease Virulence with Virus Tropism In Ovo Using Immunohistochemistry. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Farrugia M, Bianco C, Sambamoorthi U, Mattes M. Radiation Associated Hypertension in Patients Undergoing Prostate Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Bonvini E, Bonaldo A, Mandrioli L, Sirri R, Dondi F, Bianco C, Fontanillas R, Mongile F, Gatta PP, Parma L. Effects of feeding low fishmeal diets with increasing soybean meal levels on growth, gut histology and plasma biochemistry of sea bass. Animal 2018; 12:923-930. [PMID: 29039295 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aquaculture industry depends upon the development of sustainable protein sources to replace fishmeal (FM) in aquafeeds and the products derived from soybeans are some of the most studied plant feedstuffs. A key area of investigation for continuing to improve modern aquafeeds includes the evaluation of varying proportions and combinations of plant ingredients to identify mixtures that are more efficiently utilized by the fish. This study investigated the effects of increasing soybean meal (SBM) by replacing a mix of plant ingredients in low FM (20%) diets on growth, blood biochemistry profile and gut histology on European sea bass. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated: four diets containing increasing SBM levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%; 0SBM, 10SBM, 20SBM and 30SBM, respectively) with a low content of FM (20%) and one control diet (0% SBM; 35% FM). Diets containing SBM brought to comparable performance and protein utilization, while 0SBM had negative impact on feed conversion rate and protein utilization. Blood parameters suggested an optimal nutritional status under all feeding treatments, even though slightly decreased values were reported at increasing dietary SBM. Histology examination did not show any changes indicative of soy-induced enteritis. We can conclude that for European sea bass: (i) different blends of plant protein did not affect feed intake despite the 20% FM dietary level; (ii) the inclusion of SBM maintains optimal growth and feed utilization in low FM diets; (iii) blood biochemistry profile showed a good nutritional status under all feeding regimes; (iv) no evidence of soy-induced enteritis was reported in any group fed low FM diets. For formulation of practical diets in on-growing of European sea bass, SBM up to 30% can be successfully incorporated into feeds containing low FM inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bonvini
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - A Bonaldo
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - L Mandrioli
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - R Sirri
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - F Dondi
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - C Bianco
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - R Fontanillas
- 2Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre,Stavanger 4016,Norway
| | - F Mongile
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - P P Gatta
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - L Parma
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
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de Placido S, Nuzzo F, Perrone F, Carlomagno C, Noviello A, Delrio P, di Palma E, Pini MT, Cerato PL, Bianco C. The First Breast Cancer Screening Program in Southern Italy: Preliminary Results from Three Municipalities of the Naples Province. Tumori 2018; 81:7-12. [PMID: 7754547 DOI: 10.1177/030089169508100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background It has been demonstrated that breast cancer screening induces a 30% reduction of specific mortality. In May 1990, we started a pilot screening program to assess the feasibility of carrying out such a program in Campania (southern Italy). Herein we report the results of the first round of the program from three municipalities (Giugliano, Mugnano and Qualiano) that lie within the local health district no. 23, close to the city of Naples. Methods Women between the ages of 50 and 69 years were sent a personalized letter inviting them to attend the screening test; those not responding were sent a second invitation. The screening test consisted of clinical examination followed by two-view mammography. Second–level diagnostic tools were sonography, fine needle aspiration (manual, echo-guided and stereotaxic) and surgical biopsy. Results Out of 5,732 women invited for the first round, 1,813 (31.6%) attended the screening. Attendance rate was higher among younger women. Ninety-one women were positive at the screening test and underwent further examination (recall rate, 5.0%). Among them, 19 had surgical biopsy (biopsy rate, 1.0%) that led to breast cancer diagnosis in 11 cases. The benign/malignant biopsy rate was 0.73. Detection rate was 6.07 × 1,000 screened women and varied among age categories, increasing within the 60–69 subgroup; detection rate/expected incidence ratio in the overall group was 4.5 and also increased within the older age category. Seven out of 11 cancers were at UICC stage 0-I. Among 327 self-referring women, 38 were positive (recall rate, 11.6%), and 14 underwent biopsy (biopsy rate, 4.3%), which showed cancer in 7 cases (benign/malignant biopsy rate, 1.0). In addition, 2 inflammatory cancers were diagnosed without surgical biopsy. Thus 9 cancer cases were detected in this group. Self-referring women differed from responding women in that they had a higher frequency of symptoms or familiar history of cancer, and a higher educational level and awareness of preventive medicine. Clinical examination added no diagnostic advantage in the responding group but did not significantly worsen the recall rate. In the self-referring group, one case of inflammatory cancer was missed by mammography and diagnosed by clinical examination. Conclusion The early results (recall rate = 5%, detection rate/expected incidence ratio = 4.5, benign/malignant biopsy rate = 0.73, advanced cancers = 36.4%) are encouraging and indicate the validity of the program. Strategies to improve attendance rate are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- S de Placido
- Cattedra di Oncologia Medica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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Talarico C, Dattilo V, D'Antona L, Barone A, Amodio N, Belviso S, Musumeci F, Abbruzzese C, Bianco C, Trapasso F, Schenone S, Alcaro S, Ortuso F, Florio T, Paggi MG, Perrotti N, Amato R. SI113, a SGK1 inhibitor, potentiates the effects of radiotherapy, modulates the response to oxidative stress and induces cytotoxic autophagy in human glioblastoma multiforme cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15868-84. [PMID: 26908461 PMCID: PMC4941283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive CNS tumor and is characterized by a very high frequency of clinical relapse after therapy and thus by a dismal prognosis, which strongly compromises patients survival. We have recently identified the small molecule SI113, as a potent and selective inhibitor of SGK1, a serine/threonine protein kinase, that modulates several oncogenic signaling cascades. The SI113-dependent SGK1 inhibition induces cell death, blocks proliferation and perturbs cell cycle progression by modulating SGK1-related substrates. SI113 is also able to strongly and consistently block, in vitro and in vivo, growth and survival of human hepatocellular-carcinomas, either used as a single agent or in combination with ionizing radiations. In the present paper we aim to study the effect of SI113 on human GBM cell lines with variable p53 expression. Cell viability, cell death, caspase activation and cell cycle progression were then analyzed by FACS and WB-based assays, after exposure to SI113, with or without oxidative stress and ionizing radiations. Moreover, autophagy and related reticulum stress response were evaluated. We show here, that i) SGK1 is over-expressed in highly malignant gliomas and that the treatment with SI113 leads to ii) significant increase in caspase-mediated apoptotic cell death in GBM cell lines but not in normal fibroblasts; iii)enhancement of the effects of ionizing radiations; iv) modulation of the response to oxidative reticulum stress; v) induction of cytotoxic autophagy. Evidence reported here underlines the therapeutic potential of SI113 in GBM, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy either alone or in combination with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Talarico
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dattilo
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia D'Antona
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Agnese Barone
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Belviso
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Abbruzzese
- Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Trapasso
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche e Center of Excellence per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco G Paggi
- Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Marciano R, Servetto A, Bianco C, Bianco R. Delayed response to maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy in metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2017; 11:273. [PMID: 28946921 PMCID: PMC5613388 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive tumor originating in the epithelium of the bile duct, often associated with distant dissemination. The prognosis is poor and treatment is challenging due to low response rate to standard chemotherapy and lack of targeted therapies. Case presentation Here we report the case of a 74-year-old white woman affected by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with metastatic involvement of spleen, lung, peritoneum, and intra-abdominal lymph nodes. As first-line chemotherapy, she was given cisplatin-gemcitabine chemotherapy. The treatment was well tolerated with the exception of grade 1 constipation and a single episode of grade 4 thrombocytopenia occurring after the fourth course. After the first three courses of chemotherapy a computed tomography scan evaluation demonstrated no change; her CA19-9 levels were slightly decreased. However, after the sixth course of chemotherapy a computed tomography scan revealed a dimensional enlargement of the lung metastases; her CA19-9 levels increased. She was then treated with gemcitabine alone. After 2 months of gemcitabine monotherapy a significant regression of lung and spleen metastases, as well a CA19-9 level reduction, occurred. Eight months after the start of gemcitabine monotherapy no signs of progression were reported. Conclusions Treatment of metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with gemcitabine as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy could be continued until clear evidence of disease progression since delayed responses are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Marciano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Servetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Oncology Division, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Catalogna G, Talarico C, Dattilo V, Gangemi V, Calabria F, D'Antona L, Schenone S, Musumeci F, Bianco C, Perrotti N, Amato R, Cascini GL. The SGK1 Kinase Inhibitor SI113 Sensitizes Theranostic Effects of the 64CuCl2 in Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 43:108-119. [PMID: 28848088 DOI: 10.1159/000480328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The importance of copper in the metabolism of cancer cells has been widely studied in the last 20 years and a clear-cut association between copper levels and cancer deregulation has been established. Copper-64, emitting positrons and β-radiations, is indicated for the labeling of a large number of molecules suitable for radionuclide imaging as well as radionuclide therapy. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the CNS tumor with the worse prognosis, characterized by high number of recurrences and strong resistance to chemo-radio therapy, strongly affecting patients survival. We have recently discovered and studied the small molecule SI113, as inhibitor of SGK1, a serine/threonine protein kinase, that affects several neoplastic phenotypes and signaling cascades. The SI113-dependent SGK1 inhibition induces cell death, blocks proliferation, perturbs cell cycle progression and restores chemo-radio sensibility by modulating SGK1-related substrates. In the present paper we aim to characterize the combined effects of 64CuCl2 and SI113 on human GBM cell lines with variable p53 expression. METHODS Cell viability, cell death and stress/authopagic related pathways were then analyzed by FACS and WB-based assays, after exposure to SI113 and/or 64CuCl2. RESULTS We demonstrate here, that i) 64CuCl2 is able to induce a time and dose dependent modulation of cell viability (with different IC50 values) in highly malignant gliomas and that the co-treatment with SI113 leads to ii) additive/synergistic effects in terms of cell death; iii) enhancement of the effects of ionizing radiations, probably by a TRC1 modulation; iv) modulation of the autophagic response. CONCLUSIONS Evidence reported here underlines the therapeutic potential of the combined treatment with SI113 and 64CuCl2 in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Catalogna
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Scienze della Salute", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Talarico
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Scienze della Salute", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dattilo
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Scienze della Salute", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gangemi
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Calabria
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia D'Antona
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Scienze della Salute", Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Cataldo Bianco
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Scienze della Salute", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Scienze della Salute", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe L Cascini
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Dept. of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", Catanzaro, Italy
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Meece L, Al-Kindi S, Bianco C, Dhakal B, Ginwalla M, Elamm C, Oliveira G. Employment Status and Wait-List Outcomes in Patients Bridged with Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Dattilo V, D’Antona L, Talarico C, Capula M, Catalogna G, Iuliano R, Schenone S, Roperto S, Bianco C, Perrotti N, Amato R. SGK1 affects RAN/RANBP1/RANGAP1 via SP1 to play a critical role in pre-miRNA nuclear export: a new route of epigenomic regulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45361. [PMID: 28358001 PMCID: PMC5371792 DOI: 10.1038/srep45361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK1) controls cell transformation and tumor progression. SGK1 affects mitotic stability by regulating the expression of RANBP1/RAN. Here, we demonstrate that SGK1 fluctuations indirectly modify the maturation of pre-miRNAs, by modulating the equilibrium of the RAN/RANBP1/RANGAP1 axis, the main regulator of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport. The levels of pre-miRNAs and mature miRNAs were assessed by qRT-PCR, in total extracts and after differential nuclear/cytoplasmic extraction. RANBP1 expression is the limiting step in the regulation of SGK1-SP1 dependent nuclear export. These results were validated in unrelated tumor models and primary human fibroblasts and corroborated in tumor-engrafted nude mice. The levels of pri-miRNAs, DROSHA, DICER and the compartmental distribution of XPO5 were documented. Experiments using RANGTP conformational antibodies confirmed that SGK1, through RANBP1, decreases the level of the GTP-bound state of RAN. This novel mechanism may play a role in the epigenomic regulation of cell physiology and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Dattilo
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia D’Antona
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Talarico
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mjriam Capula
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giada Catalogna
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Iuliano
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Schenone
- University of Genova, Dept of Farmacia, Viale Benedetto XV 3, Genova, Italy
| | - Sante Roperto
- University “Federico II” of Naple, Dept of Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Via Federico Delpino 1, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Dept. of “Scienze della Salute”, Viale Europa Catanzaro, Italy
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Sharma RR, Lozano M, Fearon M, Bigham M, Djoudi R, Gallian P, Woimant G, Lee C, Leung JNS, Tsoi WC, Marwaha N, Sachdev S, Tadokoro K, Tani Y, Matsukura H, Shantseva N, Zhiburt E, Hindawi S, Chay J, Huang T, Teo D, Moleli N, Oyonarte S, Jayasekara SBA, Bokhorst A, van den Burg P, Hewitt P, Bianco C, Kessler D. Vox Sanguinis International Forum on donor notification and counselling strategies for markers of transfusion-transmissible infections. Vox Sang 2017; 112:e1-e21. [PMID: 28318012 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Fearon
- Medical Microbiology, Canadian Blood Services, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Bigham
- Canadian Blood Services, 4750 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 2N9, Canada
| | - R Djoudi
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 20, avenue du stade de France, 93218, La Plaine Saint Denis Paris, France
| | - P Gallian
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Qualification Biologique du Don, 149 Boulevard Baille, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - G Woimant
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Médecine, la Recherche et l'Innovation, La Plaine Saint-Denis Île-de-France, France
| | - C Lee
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, 15, King's Park Rise, Kowloon Hong Kong, China
| | - J N S Leung
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Blood Collection and Donor Recruitment Department, 15 King's Park Rise, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - W C Tsoi
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Laboratory Department, 15 King's Park Rise, Kowloon Hong Kong, China
| | - N Marwaha
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S Sachdev
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - K Tadokoro
- Japanese Red Cross Blood Service, 1-1-3 Shiba Daimon Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8521, Japan
| | - Y Tani
- Japanese Red Cross Osaka Blood Center, 2-4-43 Morinomiya Joto-ku, Osaka, 536-8505, Japan
| | - H Matsukura
- Japanase Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center, 7-5-17 Saito Asagi, Ibaraki, 567-0085, Japan
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- State Health Care Facility Sverdlovsk Regional Blood Transfusion Station, 8 Palmyro Tolyatti Street, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russia
| | - N Shantseva
- Laboratory Diagnosis' Department, 7A, Lenin Street, Apt. 50, Pervouralsk, Sverdlovsk Reg, 623111, Russsia
| | - E Zhiburt
- Blood Transfusion Department, Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, 70, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya ul., Moscow, 105203, Russia
| | - S Hindawi
- Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Chay
- Blood Services Group, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, Singapore, 169078, Singapore
| | - T Huang
- Blood Services Group, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, Singapore, 169078, Singapore
| | - D Teo
- Blood Services Group, 11 Outram Road, Singapore, 169078, Singapore
| | - N Moleli
- South African National Blood Service, 1 Constantia Boulevard, Constantia Kloof Ext 22, 1709, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - S Oyonarte
- Blood Transfusion Center, Seville, Spain
| | - S B A Jayasekara
- National Blood Centre, 555/5D, Elvitigala Mawatha, Narahenpita Colombo 05, Sri Lanka
| | - A Bokhorst
- Sanquin Blood Supply, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P van den Burg
- Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin Blood Supply, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Hewitt
- NHS Blood and Transplant, London, UK
| | - C Bianco
- International Society of Blood Transfusion, 6524 Elgin Lane, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - D Kessler
- New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Sharma RR, Lozano M, Fearon M, Bigham M, Djoudi R, Gallian P, Woimant G, Lee C, Leung JNS, Tsoi WC, Marwaha N, Sachdev S, Tadokoro K, Tani Y, Matsukura H, Shantseva N, Zhiburt E, Hindawi S, Chay J, Huang T, Teo D, Moleli N, Oyonarte S, Jayasekara SBA, Bokhorst A, van den Burg P, Hewitt P, Bianco C, Kessler D. Vox Sanguinis International Forum on donor notification and counselling strategies for markers of transfusion-transmissible infections: summary. Vox Sang 2017; 112:388-396. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Sharma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research; Sector 12 Chandigarh 160012 India
| | - M. Lozano
- Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis; University Clinic Hospital; Villaroel 170 Barcelona 08036 Spain
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Bianco C, Forlani A, Ressel L, Verin R, Ricci E. Cerebellar Histomorphometry for Age Determination of Puppies in Veterinary Forensic Pathology. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bianco C, Verin R, Ressel L, Ricci E. Histopathology and Quantitative Pathology of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Starved Dogs: Relevant Forensic Oriented Findings. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Talarico C, Dattilo V, D'Antona L, Menniti M, Bianco C, Ortuso F, Alcaro S, Schenone S, Perrotti N, Amato R. SGK1, the New Player in the Game of Resistance: Chemo-Radio Molecular Target and Strategy for Inhibition. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016; 39:1863-1876. [DOI: 10.1159/000447885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK) family consists of three members, SGK1, SGK2 and SGK3, all displaying serine/threonine kinase activity and sharing structural and functional similarities with the AKT family of kinases. SGK1 was originally described as a key enzyme in the hormonal regulation of several ion channels and pumps. Over time, growing and impressive evidence has been accumulated, linking SGK1 to the cell survival, de-differentiation, cell cycle control, regulation of caspases, response to chemical, mechanical and oxidative injury in cancer models as well as to the control of mitotic stability. Much evidence shows that SGK1 is over-expressed in a variety of epithelial tumors. More recently, many contributions to the published literature demonstrate that SGK1 can mediate chemo-and radio-resistance during the treatment of various human tumors, both in vitro and in vivo. SGK1 appears therefore as a dirty player in the stress response to chemical and radio-agents, responsible of a selective advantage that favors the uncontrolled tumor progression and the selection of the most aggressive clones. The purpose of this review is the analysis of the literature describing SGK1 as central node of the cell resistance, and a summary of the possible strategies in the pharmacological targeting of SGK1.
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Talarico C, D'Antona L, Scumaci D, Barone A, Gigliotti F, Fiumara CV, Dattilo V, Gallo E, Visca P, Ortuso F, Abbruzzese C, Botta L, Schenone S, Cuda G, Alcaro S, Bianco C, Lavia P, Paggi MG, Perrotti N, Amato R. Preclinical model in HCC: the SGK1 kinase inhibitor SI113 blocks tumor progression in vitro and in vivo and synergizes with radiotherapy. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37511-25. [PMID: 26462020 PMCID: PMC4741945 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The SGK1 kinase is pivotal in signal transduction pathways operating in cell transformation and tumor progression. Here, we characterize in depth a novel potent and selective pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-based SGK1 inhibitor. This compound, named SI113, active in vitro in the sub-micromolar range, inhibits SGK1-dependent signaling in cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We recently showed that SI113 slows down tumor growth and induces cell death in colon carcinoma cells, when used in monotherapy or in combination with paclitaxel. We now demonstrate for the first time that SI113 inhibits tumour growth in hepatocarcinoma models in vitro and in vivo. SI113-dependent tumor inhibition is dose- and time-dependent. In vitro and in vivo SI113-dependent SGK1 inhibition determined a dramatic increase in apoptosis/necrosis, inhibited cell proliferation and altered the cell cycle profile of treated cells. Proteome-wide biochemical studies confirmed that SI113 down-regulates the abundance of proteins downstream of SGK1 with established roles in neoplastic transformation, e.g. MDM2, NDRG1 and RAN network members. Consistent with knock-down and over-expressing cellular models for SGK1, SI113 potentiated and synergized with radiotherapy in tumor killing. No short-term toxicity was observed in treated animals during in vivo SI113 administration. These data show that direct SGK1 inhibition can be effective in hepatic cancer therapy, either alone or in combination with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Talarico
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia D'Antona
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica Scumaci
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Agnese Barone
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Gigliotti
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Vincenza Fiumara
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dattilo
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Section of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Section of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Abbruzzese
- Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Botta
- Department of Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Department of "Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Marco G Paggi
- Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of "Scienze della Salute", University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
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Fabiano R, Molinaro M, Santoro M, Mazzei E, Molè R, Destito A, Pingitore D, Bianco C. EP-1324: High risk early stage endometrial cancer: lymphadenectomy with brachytherapy as alternative to EBRT. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Costantino N, Margheriti V, Santoro M, Mazzei E, Molinaro M, Mole R, Destito A, Pingitore D, Bianco C. EP-1188: The protective role of lipofilling in women subjected to radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sirri R, Bianco C, Beraldo P, Mandrioli L, Pulvirenti I, Brachelente C, Galeotti M, Sarli G. Rhabdomyosarcoma of Soft Tissues in an Adult Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). J Comp Pathol 2015; 153:190-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Marvaso G, Barone A, Amodio N, Cascini GL, Scotti V, Bianco C. The current status of novel PET radio-pharmaceuticals in radiotherapy treatment planning of glioma. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2015; 14:1099-104. [PMID: 24725130 DOI: 10.2174/1389201015666140408122318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is a primary tumor of the central nervous system, representing a major cause of mortality in a young, productive subset of population. The management of this neoplasm requires aggressive treatments, including radiotherapy. Accurate imaging plays a central role in treatment planning process with curative intent based on radiation therapy. In order to maximize the radiation dose to the tumor and to minimize the damage to the normal surrounding tissue, a reliable identification of viable tumor margins is indeed required. The use of PET in the treatment planning process has become more promising over the years, although many important questions must be addressed. The aim of this article is to critically review the evidence supporting PET in radiotherapy planning, with special emphasis on the role of novel radiopharmaceuticals, comparing its sensitivity and specificity with respect to 18F-FDG and other anatomic imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cataldo Bianco
- Researcher of Radiation Oncology "Magna Graecia University" and "T. Campanella" Cancer Center, viale Europa (localita' Germaneto), 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Ortuso F, Amato R, Artese A, D'antona L, Costa G, Talarico C, Gigliotti F, Bianco C, Trapasso F, Schenone S, Musumeci F, Botta L, Perrotti N, Alcaro S. In silico identification and biological evaluation of novel selective serum/glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 inhibitors based on the pyrazolo-pyrimidine scaffold. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:1828-32. [PMID: 24896223 DOI: 10.1021/ci500235f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The serum/glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (Sgk1) has demonstrated antiapoptotic function and the capability to regulate cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. A pivotal role of Sgk1 in carcinogenesis and in resistance to anticancer therapy has been suggested. With the aim of identifying new Sgk1 modulators, 322 pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives have been virtually screened with respect to a crystallographic model of Sgk1. The top five ranked compounds have been evaluated demonstrating Sgk1 inhibition in vitro and selectivity compared to RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ortuso
- Departments of "Scienze della Salute" and ‡"Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica", University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro , Viale Europa Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Vethe H, Finne K, Skogstrand T, Vaudel M, Vikse BE, Hultstrom M, Placier S, Scherer A, Tenstad O, Marti HPP, Milanesi S, Rocca C, Gregorini M, Corradetti V, Pattonieri EF, Cannone M, Maggi N, Bosio F, Esposito P, Bianco C, Benzoni I, Maestri M, Avanzini MA, Rampino T, Dal Canton A, Kadoya H, Satoh M, Sasaki T, Kashihara N, Pongsakul N, Thongboonkerd V, Hsu HH, Chen KH, Tian YC, Chen YC, Hung CC, Yang CW, Yamamoto Y, Iyoda M, Wada Y, Suzuki T, Matsumoto K, Shindo-Hirai Y, Kuno Y, Saito T, Iseri K, Shibata T, Da Silva AF, Teixeira VC, Schor N, Paterno J, Naves MA, Visiona I, Schor N, Teixeira VP, Borda B, Lengyel C, Varkonyi T, Ivanyi B, Keresztes C, Lazar G, Edamatsu T, Fujieda A, Ezawa A, Itoh Y, Detsika MG, Duann P, Carvalho FF, Teixeira VP, Almeida WS, Schor N, Wagner S, Schnorr J, Glaser J, Gemeinhardt I, Ebert M, Klopfleisch R, Taupitz M, Frangou EA, Rizou M, Prakoura N, Zoidakis J, Vlahou A, Gakiopoulou H, Liapis G, Charonis A, Kayukov I, Parastaeva M, Beresneva O, Ivanova G, Kucher A, Karunnaya H, Zarayski M, Smirnov A, Chandak PG, Smirnov A, Sipovski V, Beresneva O, Parastaeva M, Ivanova G, Kucher A, Sipovski E, Zarayski M, Karunnaya H, Dobronravov V, Kayukov I, Masola V, Zaza G, Granata S, Secchi MF, Onisto M, Lupo A, Gambaro G, Kim JI, Jang HS, Han SJ, Park KM, Grchevska L, Paterno JC, Ramos MDFP, Razvickas CV, Rehder VL, Schor N, Teixeira VP, Raya AI, Pineda CM, Guerrero F, Rios R, Aguilera E, Peralta A, Lopez I, Parastaeva M, Beresneva O, Kucher A, Ivanova G, Kayukov I, Smirnov A, Takenaka T, Inoue T, Miyazaki T, Hayashi M, Suzuki H, Garrido P, Fernandes J, Ribeiro S, Vala H, Belo L, Costa E, Santos-Silva A, Reis F, Shi Y, Tsuboi N, Maruyama S, Matsuo S, Piecha D, Koch S, Steppan S, Loser K. EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Marvaso G, Barone A, Amodio N, Raimondi L, Agosti V, Altomare E, Scotti V, Lombardi A, Bianco R, Bianco C, Caraglia M, Tassone P, Tagliaferri P. Sphingosine analog fingolimod (FTY720) increases radiation sensitivity of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:797-805. [PMID: 24657936 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.28556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most effective therapeutic strategies for breast cancer patients, although its efficacy may be reduced by intrinsic radiation resistance of cancer cells. Recent investigations demonstrate a link between cancer cell radio-resistance and activation of sphingosine kinase (SphK1), which plays a key role in the balance of lipid signaling molecules. Sphingosine kinase (SphK1) activity can alter the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/ceramide ratio leading to an imbalance in the sphingolipid rheostat. Fingolimod (FTY720) is a novel sphingosine analog and a potent immunosuppressive drug that acts as a SphK1 antagonist, inhibits the growth, and induces apoptosis in different human cancer cell lines. We sought to investigate the in vitro radiosensitizing effects of FTY720 on the MDA-MB-361 breast cancer cell line and to assess the effects elicited by radiation and FTY720 combined treatments. We found that FTY720 significantly increased anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects induced by a single dose of ionizing radiation while causing autophagosome accumulation. At the molecular level, FTY720 significantly potentiated radiation effects on perturbation of signaling pathways involved in regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis, such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK. In conclusion, our data highlight a potent radiosensitizing effect of FTY720 on breast cancer cells and provide the basis of novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marvaso
- Radiation Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Agnese Barone
- Radiation Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valter Agosti
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro; Catanzaro, Italy; CIS for Genomics and Molecular Pathology; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Altomare
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology; Second University of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology; Biomorphological and Functional Sciences; University "Federico II" of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Cataldo Bianco
- Radiation Oncology; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology; Second University of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Medical Oncology Unit; Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro and T. Campanella Cancer Center; Catanzaro, Italy
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Marvaso G, Barone A, Vaccaro C, Bruzzaniti V, Grespi S, Scotti V, Bianco C. Repeat stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of brain metastases from NSCLC: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:897-900. [PMID: 24137433 PMCID: PMC3796397 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of radiotherapeutic treatment of brain metastases include maintaining neurocognitive function and improvement of survival. Based on these premises, we present a case report in which the role of repeat stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) was investigated in a patient with a recurrent brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer in the same area as previously treated with radiosurgery. A 40-year-old male caucasian patient was diagnosed with brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and underwent SRS. The patient developed a recurrence of the disease and a second SRS on the same area was performed. After 8 months, tumor restaging demonstrated a lesion compatible with a recurrence and the patient underwent surgery. Histological diagnosis following surgery revealed only the occurrence of radionecrosis. Radiotherapy was well-tolerated and no grade 3/4 neurological toxicity occurred. To date, no consensus exists on the efficacy of retreatment with SRS. Despite the limited number of studies in this field, in the present case report, we outline the outcomes of this unconventional approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marvaso
- Medical Radiation Oncology Unit, Magna Graecia University and Cancer Center, Germaneto, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
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Catalano F, Mariano F, Maina G, Bianco C, Nuzzo J, Stella M. An unusual case of extensive self-inflicted cement burn. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2013; 26:40-43. [PMID: 23966898 PMCID: PMC3741007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cement is a fine powder used to bind sand and stones into a matrix of concrete, making up the world's most frequently used building material in the construction industry. First described by Ramazzini in his book "De Morbis Artificia Diatriba" in 1700, the effect of cement on the skin was presumed to be due to contact dermatitis. The first cement burns case was published by Rowe and Williams in 1963. Cement handling has been found to be responsible for many cases of occupational burns (generally full-thickness) usually affecting a limited TBSA, rarely greater than 5%, with localization especially in the lower limbs. We describe an unusual case of a self-inflicted cement burn involving 75% TBSA. A 28-yr-old building worker attempted suicide by jumping into a cement mixer in a truck. Upon arrival at our burn centre, clinical examination revealed extensive burn (75% TBSA - 40% full-thickness) involving face, back, abdomen, upper limbs and circumferentially lower limbs, sparing the hands and feet. The patient was sedated, mechanically ventilated, and subjected to escharotomy of the lower limbs in the emergency room. The following day, the deep burns in the lower limbs were excised down to the fascia and covered with meshed allografts. Owing to probable intestinal and skin absorption of cement, metal toxicity was suspected and dialysis and forced diuresis were therefore initiated on day 3. The patient's clinical conditions gradually worsened and he died on day 13 from the multi-organ failure syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Catalano
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Specialties, Messina University Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - F. Mariano
- Department of Medicine Area, Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, CTO Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - G. Maina
- Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedic and Occupational Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C. Bianco
- Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedic and Occupational Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - J. Nuzzo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns Unit, CTO Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - M. Stella
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns Unit, CTO Hospital, Turin, Italy
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Zanelli G, Bianco C, Cusi MG. Testicular involvement during Toscana virus infection: an unusual manifestation? Infection 2012; 41:735-6. [PMID: 23160838 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Damiano V, Diisernia G, Ciardiello F, Pepe S, Bianco A, Bianco C, Ruggiero A, Baldassarre G, Merlo G, Tortora G. Overexpression of wild-type p53 overrides the mitogenic effect of ri-alpha subunit of protein-kinase-a in human breast cells. Int J Oncol 2012; 7:331-6. [PMID: 21552843 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.7.2.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase A type I (PKAI) and its regulatory subunit RI alpha are overexpressed in cancer cells and are induced by mitogenic hormones and growth factors in nontransformed cells. RI alpha/PKAI are directly involved in the G1>S transition and cell proliferation of non-transformed human breast MCF-10A cells. Retroviral vector-mediated overexpression of RI alpha in these cells (MCF-10A RI alpha) confers the ability to grow in serum-free medium. p53 controls a G1 check point before transition to the S phase, playing a key role in the regulation of cell proliferation and in the preservation of DNA integrity. In this study we evaluated the interaction of p53 and RI alpha on cell cycle progression and cell proliferation of MCF-10A cells. Retroviral vector-mediated overexpression of wild-type p53 in the MCF-10A neo and MCF-10A RI alpha cells determined a marked inhibition of RI alpha protein expression in MCF-10A-p53 cells and induced G0/G1 accumulation, cell gowth arrest and changes in cell morphology not due to apoptosis in both MCF-10A-p53 and MCF-10A RI alpha-p53 cells. On the other hand, in the MCF-10A RI alpha cells we observed an increased expression of the endogenous p53, although these cells were still able to proliferate. These results suggest that overexpression of wildtype p53 acts in a dominant fashion to abrogate the RI alpha induction of G1>S transition and cell proliferation. Moreover, overexpression of RI alpha leads to increased synthesis of endogenous p53 which, however, is unable to interfere with the RI alpha-dependent mitogenic signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Damiano
- UNIV NAPLES FEDERICO II,FAC MED & CHIRURG,DIPARTIMENTO ENDOCRINOL ONCOL MOLEC & CLIN,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY. FRIEDRICH MIESCHER INST,CH-4002 BASEL,SWITZERLAND
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Saladini F, Meini G, Bianco C, Monno L, Punzi G, Pecorari M, Borghi V, Pietro MD, Filice G, Gismondo M, Micheli V, Penco G, Carli T, De Luca A, Zazzi M. Prevalence of HIV-1 integrase mutations related to resistance to dolutegravir in raltegravir naïve and pretreated patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 18:E428-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rossetti B, Bianco C, De Luca A. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen seroconversion after pegylated interferon-alpha treatment in an HIV-infected individual with chronic hepatitis B. Infection 2011; 40:347-9. [PMID: 22002731 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-011-0198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Benjamin RJ, Bianco C, Goldman M, Seed CR, Yang H, Lee J, Keller AJ, Wendel S, Biagini S, Murray J, Devine DV, Zhu Y, Turek P, Moftah FM, Kullaste R, Pillonel J, Danic B, Bigey F, Folléa G, Seifried E, Mueller MM, Lin CK, Makroo RN, Grazzini G, Pupella S, Velati C, Tadokoro K, Bravo Lindoro A, D’Artote González A, Giner VT, Flanagan P, Olaussen RW, Letowska M, Rosiek A, Poglod R, Zhiburt E, Mali P, Rozman P, Gulube S, Castro Izaguirre E, Ekermo B, Barnes SM, McLaughlin L, Eder AF, Panzer S, Reesink HW. Deferral of males who had sex with other males. Vox Sang 2011; 101:339-67. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2011.01489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Reesink HW, Engelfriet CP, Hyland CA, Coghlan P, Tait B, Wsolak M, Keller AJ, Henn G, Mayr WR, Thomas I, Osselaer JC, Lambermont M, Beaten M, Wendel S, Qiu Y, Georgsen J, Krusius T, Mäki T, Andreu G, Morel P, Lefrère JJ, Rebulla P, Giovanelli S, Butti B, Lecchi L, Mozzi F, Van Hilten JA, Zwaginga JJ, Flanagan P, Flesland Ø, Brojer E, Łętowska M, Åkerblom O, Norda R, Prowse C, Dow B, Jarvis L, Davidson F, Kleinman S, Bianco C, Stramer SL, Dodd RY, Busch MP. Biobanks of blood from donors and recipients of blood products. Vox Sang 2008; 94:242-260. [PMID: 18225990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2007.01020.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Strizzi L, Bianco C, Hirota M, Watanabe K, Mancino M, Hamada S, Raafat A, Lawson S, Ebert AD, D'Antonio A, Losito S, Normanno N, Salomon DS. Development of leiomyosarcoma of the uterus in MMTV-CR-1 transgenic mice. J Pathol 2007; 211:36-44. [PMID: 17072826 DOI: 10.1002/path.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of Cripto-1 (CR-1) in FVB/N mice using the MMTV-LTR promoter results in increased mammary tumourigenesis in these female transgenic mice (MMTV-CR-1). Here, we characterize uterine tumours that developed in 15/76 (19.7%) of MMTV-CR-1 female nulliparous or multiparous mice during 24 months of observation compared with 0/33 (0%) of FVB/N normal control mice observed during the same time period (p < 0.01). The uterine tumours collected from the MMTV-CR-1 mice were classified as leiomyosarcomas and found to express the CR-1 transgene by polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunohistochemistry. Detection by western blot analysis showed higher levels of phosphorylated (P) forms of c-src, Akt, GSK-3beta, and dephosphorylated (DP)-beta-catenin in lysates from MMTV-CR-1 uterine leiomyosarcomas in comparison with lysates from normal control FVB/N uteri. Immunostaining showed increased nuclear localization of beta-catenin in the MMTV-CR-1 uterine leiomyosarcomas. Increased immunostaining for CR-1 was detected in 9/13 (69.2%) cases of human leiomyosarcoma compared with staining in 3/15 (20%) human leiomyoma sections. Stronger immunostaining for P-src, P-Akt, P-GSK-3beta and increased nuclear localization of beta-catenin was also seen in human leiomyosarcomas in comparison with leiomyomas. Normal human uterine smooth muscle (UtSM) cells treated with exogenous soluble rhCR-1 showed increased levels of P-src, P-Akt, P-GSK-3beta and dephosphorylated (DP)-beta-catenin and increased proliferation (p < 0.05) and migration (p < 0.01) in comparison with untreated control UtSM cells. Inhibitors against c-src, Akt or beta-catenin, individually or in combination, significantly reduced CR-1-induced migration. These results suggest a role for CR-1 during uterine tumourigenesis either directly by activating c-src and Akt and/or via cross-talk with the canonical Wnt signalling pathway, as suggested by the increased expression of P-GSK-3beta, DP-beta-catenin, and increased nuclear localization of beta-catenin in human and MMTV-CR-1 mice leiomyosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Strizzi
- Mammary Biology and Tumorigenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Bianco C, Giovannetti E, Ciardiello F, Mey V, Nannizzi S, Tortora G, Troiani T, Pasqualetti F, Eckhardt G, de Liguoro M, Ricciardi S, Del Tacca M, Raben D, Cionini L, Danesi R. Synergistic Antitumor Activity of ZD6474, An Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling, with Gemcitabine and Ionizing Radiation against Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:7099-107. [PMID: 17145834 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Standard treatments have modest effect against pancreatic cancer, and current research focuses on agents targeting molecular pathways involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis. This study investigated the interactions between ZD6474, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), gemcitabine, and ionizing radiation in human pancreatic cancer cells and analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying this combination. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ZD6474, ionizing radiation, and gemcitabine, alone or in combination, were given in vitro to MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, and Capan-1 cells and in vivo to MIA PaCa-2 tumor xenografts. The effects of treatments were studied by the evaluation of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle, EGFR and Akt phosphorylation, modulation of gene expression of enzymes related to gemcitabine activity (deoxycytidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase), as well as vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemistry and microvessel count. RESULTS In vitro, ZD6474 dose dependently inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis, and synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic activity of gemcitabine and ionizing radiation. Moreover, ZD6474 inhibited phosphorylation of EGFR and Akt and triggered cell apoptosis. PCR analysis showed that ZD6474 increased the ratio between gene expression of deoxycytidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase. In vivo, ZD6474 showed significant antitumor activity alone and in combination with radiotherapy and gemcitabine, and the combination of all three modalities enhanced MIA PaCA-2 tumor growth inhibition compared with gemcitabine alone. CONCLUSIONS ZD6474 decreases EGFR and Akt phosphorylation, enhances apoptosis, favorably modulates gene expression in cancer cells, and acts synergistically with gemcitabine and radiotherapy to inhibit tumor growth. These findings support the investigation of this combination in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Bianco
- Division of Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, Transplants and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Bianco C, Imperlini E, Calogero R, Senatore B, Pucci P, Defez R. Indole-3-acetic acid regulates the central metabolic pathways in Escherichia coli. Microbiology (Reading) 2006; 152:2421-2431. [PMID: 16849805 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.28765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The physiological changes induced by indoleacetic acid (IAA) treatment were investigated in the totally sequenced Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655. DNA macroarrays were used to measure the mRNA levels for all the 4290 E. coli protein-coding genes; 50 genes (1.1 %) exhibited significantly different expression profiles. In particular, genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the glyoxylate shunt and amino acid biosynthesis (leucine, isoleucine, valine and proline) were up-regulated, whereas the fermentative adhE gene was down-regulated. To confirm the indications obtained from the macroarray analysis the activity of 34 enzymes involved in central metabolism was measured; this showed an activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate shunt. The malic enzyme, involved in the production of pyruvate, and pyruvate dehydrogenase, required for the channelling of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, were also induced in IAA-treated cells. Moreover, it was shown that the enhanced production of acetyl-CoA and the decrease of NADH/NAD+ ratio are connected with the molecular process of the IAA response. The results demonstrate that IAA treatment is a stimulus capable of inducing changes in gene expression, enzyme activity and metabolite level involved in central metabolic pathways in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bianco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati Traverso', via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - E Imperlini
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati Traverso', via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - R Calogero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Ospedale S. Luigi, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - B Senatore
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati Traverso', via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - P Pucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biochimica, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - R Defez
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati Traverso', via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Frederick B, Gustafson D, Bianco C, Ciardiello F, Dimery I, Raben D. ZD6474, an inhibitor of VEGFR and EGFR tyrosine kinase activity in combination with radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 64:33-7. [PMID: 16377413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Revised: 05/04/2005] [Accepted: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Radiation enhances both epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, which are a part of key pathways for tumor progression. Some tumors may not respond well to EGFR inhibitors alone or may develop resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Therefore, drug therapy targeted to VEGF receptors and EGFRs, when combined with radiotherapy (RT), may improve tumor control and provide wider applicability. This article focuses on ZD6474, an inhibitor of EGFR and VEGF receptor signaling in combination with RT. We discuss preclinical and clinical studies with RT and inhibitors of VEGF or EGFR signaling first. We then address issues associated with ZD6474 pharmacokinetic dosing, and scheduling when combined with RT. We also discuss ZD6474 in the context of anti-EGFR therapy resistance. Dual inhibition of EGFR and VEGF receptor signaling pathways shows promise in enhancing RT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Frederick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80010-0510, USA
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Bianco C, Imperlini E, Calogero R, Senatore B, Amoresano A, Carpentieri A, Pucci P, Defez R. Indole-3-acetic acid improves Escherichia coli’s defences to stress. Arch Microbiol 2006; 185:373-82. [PMID: 16555073 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-006-0103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Revised: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a ubiquitous molecule playing regulatory roles in many living organisms. To elucidate the physiological changes induced by IAA treatment, we used Escherichia coli K-12 as a model system. By microarray analysis we found that 16 genes showed an altered expression level in IAA-treated cells. One-third of these genes encode cell envelope components, or proteins involved in bacterial adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions. We thus investigated the effect of IAA treatment on some of the structural components of the envelope that may be involved in cellular response to stresses. This showed that IAA-treated cells had increased the production of trehalose, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), exopolysaccharide (EPS) and biofilm. We demonstrated further that IAA triggers an increased tolerance to several stress conditions (heat and cold shock, UV-irradiation, osmotic and acid shock and oxidative stress) and different toxic compounds (antibiotics, detergents and dyes) and this correlates with higher levels of the heat shock protein DnaK. We suggest that IAA triggers an increased level of alert and protection against external adverse conditions by coordinately enhancing different cellular defence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bianco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati Traverso, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Damiano V, Melisi D, Bianco C, Raben D, Caputo R, Fontanini G, Bianco R, Ryan A, Bianco AR, De Placido S, Ciardiello F, Tortora G. Cooperative Antitumor Effect of Multitargeted Kinase Inhibitor ZD6474 and Ionizing Radiation in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:5639-44. [PMID: 16061883 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma multiforme is an aggressive disease in which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the EGF receptor (EGFR) are implicated in tumor growth, relapse, and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The VEGF receptors VEGFR-1 (flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR), typically present on endothelial cells, have also been identified in human glioblastoma tissues and cell lines. In addition, EGFR is dysregulated in the majority of human glioblastomas and EGFR overexpression correlates with shorter survival. We have investigated the antitumor and antiangiogenic effect of ZD6474, an inhibitor of both VEGFR and EGFR signaling as a single agent and in combination with ionizing radiation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have used ZD6474 and/or ionizing radiation in human glioblastoma cell lines D54 and U251 in vitro and in nude mice bearing established xenografts. The effects of treatment on tumor blood vessels and protein expression were evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS As single agents, ionizing radiation and ZD6474 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of soft agar growth in D54 and U251 cell lines, whereas a cooperative effect was obtained in combination. Treatment of mice bearing D54 xenografts with either ZD6474 or radiotherapy alone caused tumor growth inhibition that was reversible upon treatment cessation. A cooperative and long-lasting inhibition of tumor growth was obtained with ZD6474 in combination with concomitant radiotherapy. The antiproliferative effect was accompanied by inhibition of VEGF protein expression and inhibition of angiogenesis as measured by vessel counting. CONCLUSION This study shows the antitumor activity of ZD6474 in combination with ionizing radiation in glioblastoma both in vitro and in vivo, and provides a scientific rationale to evaluate ZD6474 alone or in combination with radiotherapy in patients affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Damiano
- Cattedra di Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Molecolare e Clinica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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Normanno N, Bianco C, Strizzi L, Mancino M, Maiello MR, De Luca A, Caponigro F, Salomon DS. The ErbB receptors and their ligands in cancer: an overview. Curr Drug Targets 2005; 6:243-57. [PMID: 15857286 DOI: 10.2174/1389450053765879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview on the most recent advances on the role of ErbB receptors and growth factors of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-family of peptides in cancer pathogenesis and progression. The ErbB tyrosine kinases and the EGF-like peptides form a complex system. In fact, the interactions occurring between receptors and ligands of these families affect the type and the duration of the intracellular signals that derive from receptor activation. Interestingly, activation of ErbB receptors is also driven by different classes of membrane receptor, suggesting that ErbB kinases can amplify growth promoting signals carried by different pathways. The importance of ErbB receptors and EGF-like peptides in development of organs and tissues has been demonstrated by using different mouse models. In vitro and in vivo studies have also shown that ErbB receptors and their ligands can act as transforming genes. However, evidence suggests that cooperation of different receptors and ligands is necessary to induce a fully transformed phenotype. Indeed, co-expression of different ErbB receptors and EGF-like growth factors is a common phenomenon in human primary carcinomas. This observation suggests that the growth and the survival of carcinoma cells is sustained by a network of receptors/ligands of the ErbB family. In this respect, the contemporary expression of different ErbB tyrosine kinases and/or EGF-like growth factors in human carcinomas might also affect tumor response to target based agents directed against the ErbB receptor/ligand system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Normanno
- Cell Biology and Preclinical Models Unit, INT-Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Tobler LH, Bianco C, Glynn SA, Schreiber GB, Dille BJ, Prince HE, Lanciotti RS, Linnen JM, Gallarda J, Shyamala V, Smith D, Kleinman SH, Busch MP. Detection of West Nile virus RNA and antibody in frozen plasma components from a voluntary market withdrawal during the 2002 peak epidemic. Transfusion 2005; 45:480-6. [PMID: 15819666 DOI: 10.1111/j.0041-1132.2005.04266.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The US West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic in the summer and fall of 2002 included the first documented cases of transfusion-transmitted WNV infection. In December 2002, the FDA supported a voluntary market withdrawal by the blood banking community of frozen blood components collected in WNV high-activity areas. At the time, the prevalence of viremia and serologic markers for WNV in the blood supply was undefined. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In collaboration with America's Blood Centers, 1468 frozen plasma components (of approx. 60,000 frozen units voluntarily withdrawn from the market) were selectively retrieved from the peak epidemic regions and season (June 23, 2002-September 28, 2002). These units were unlinked, subaliquoted, and tested by WNV enzyme immunoassays (EIAs; Focus Technologies and Abbott Laboratories) and nucleic acid amplification tests (NATs; Gen-Probe Inc. and Roche Molecular Systems). RESULTS Of the 1468 EIA results from Abbott and Focus, 7 were anti-immunoglobulin M (IgM)- and anti-immunoglobulin G (IgG)-reactive by both assays, 8 and 1 were IgM-only-reactive, and 8 and 23 were IgG-only-reactive, respectively. NAT by Gen-Probe and Roche Molecular Systems yielded one RNA-positive, antibody-negative unit containing approximately 440 RNA copies per mL. An additional 10-fold replicate NAT testing by Gen-Probe on 14 of 15 IgM-reactive specimens yielded 2 additional IgM- and IgG-reactive units with low-level viremia (i.e., 7/10 and 2/10 replicates tested reactive). CONCLUSION The prevalence of acute (RNA-positive) and recent (IgM-seroreactive) WNV infections indicates that transfusion risk in high-risk areas could have been considerable and that voluntary market withdrawal of frozen components likely averted some WNV transfusion transmissions. The existence of very-low-level viremic units raises concerns, because WNV minipool NAT screening will miss such units and individual NAT may not completely correct this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Tobler
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.
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