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Broberg O, Weismann CG, Øra I, Wiebe T, Laaksonen R, Liuba P. Ceramides: a potential cardiovascular biomarker in young adult childhood cancer survivors? Eur Heart J Open 2024; 4:oeae026. [PMID: 38659666 PMCID: PMC11042783 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate circulating ceramides involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in young adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and their correlations to previously reported adverse cardiovascular changes in this cohort. Methods and results Fifty-seven CCS and 53 healthy controls (age 20-30 years) were studied. Plasma long-chain ceramides, known to be cardiotoxic (C16:0, C18:0, C24:0, and C24:1), were analysed by mass spectrometry. The coronary event risk test 2 (CERT2) score was calculated from the ceramide data. Cardiac and carotid artery ultrasound data and lipid data available from previous studies of this cohort were used to study partial correlations with ceramide and CERT2 score data. All four analysed ceramides were elevated in CCS compared with controls (P ≤ 0.012). The greatest difference was noted for C18:0, which was 33% higher in CCS compared with controls adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001). The CERT2 score was higher in CCS compared with controls (P < 0.001). In the CCS group, 35% had a high to very high CERT2 score (7-12) when compared with 9% in the control group (P < 0.001). The CCS subgroup with a CERT2 score ≥ 7 had higher heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and higher levels of apolipoprotein B compared with CCS with a CERT2 score < 6 (P ≤ 0.011). When adjusted for age, sex, and BMI, CERT2 score was significantly correlated with arterial stiffness, growth hormone, and cranial radiotherapy (P < 0.044). Conclusion Ceramides could be important biomarkers in understanding the pathophysiology of CVD and in predicting CVD disease risk in young adult CCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Broberg
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettgatan 48, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lasarettgatan 40, SE-221 45 Lund, Sweden
| | - Constance G Weismann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettgatan 48, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lasarettgatan 40, SE-221 45 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Klinikum Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, DE-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ingrid Øra
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lasarettgatan 40, SE-221 45 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Skane University Hospital, Lasarettgatan 48, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Wiebe
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lasarettgatan 40, SE-221 45 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Skane University Hospital, Lasarettgatan 48, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Finland
- Zora Biosciences, Biologinkuja 1, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Petru Liuba
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettgatan 48, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lasarettgatan 40, SE-221 45 Lund, Sweden
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely CH, Laaksonen R, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. Ceramides improve cardiovascular risk prediction beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Eur Heart J Open 2024; 4:oeae001. [PMID: 38292914 PMCID: PMC10826640 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Aims Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the best documented cardiovascular risk predictor and at the same time serves as a target for lipid-lowering therapy. However, the power of LDL-C to predict risk is biased by advanced age, comorbidities, and medical treatment, all known to impact cholesterol levels. Consequently, such biased patient cohorts often feature a U-shaped or inverse association between LDL-C and cardiovascular or overall mortality. It is not clear whether these constraints for risk prediction may likewise apply to other lipid risk markers in particular to ceramides and phosphatidylcholines. Methods and results In this observational cohort study, we recorded cardiovascular mortality in 1195 patients over a period of up to 16 years, comprising a total of 12 262 patient-years. The median age of patients at baseline was 67 years. All participants were either consecutively referred to elective coronary angiography or diagnosed with peripheral artery disease, indicating a high cardiovascular risk. At baseline, 51% of the patients were under statin therapy. We found a U-shaped association between LDL-C and cardiovascular mortality with a trough level of around 150 mg/dL of LDL-C. Cox regression analyses revealed that LDL-C and other cholesterol species failed to predict cardiovascular risk. In contrast, no U-shaped but linear association was found for ceramide- and phosphatidylcholine-containing markers and these markers were able to significantly predict the cardiovascular risk even after multivariate adjustment. Conclusion We thus suggest that ceramides- and phosphatidylcholine-based predictors rather than LDL-C may be used for a more accurate cardiovascular risk prediction in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Leiherer
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
- Medical Central Laboratories, Carinagasse 41, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Axel Muendlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Christoph H Saely
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- Zora Biosciences, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter Fraunberger
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
- Medical Central Laboratories, Carinagasse 41, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Heinz Drexel
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
- Vorarlberger Landeskrankenhausbetriebsgesellschaft, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
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Shoghli M, Lokki AI, Lääperi M, Sinisalo J, Lokki ML, Hilvo M, Jylhä A, Tuomilehto J, Laaksonen R. The Novel Ceramide- and Phosphatidylcholine-Based Risk Score for the Prediction of New-Onset of Hypertension. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7524. [PMID: 38137595 PMCID: PMC10743541 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides and other sphingolipids are implicated in vascular dysfunction and inflammation. They have been suggested as potential biomarkers for hypertension. However, their specific association with hypertension prevalence and onset requires further investigation. This study aimed to identify specific ceramide and phosphatidylcholine species associated with hypertension prevalence and onset. The 2002 FINRISK (Finnish non-communicable risk factor survey) study investigated the association between coronary event risk scores (CERT1 and CERT2) and hypertension using prevalent and new-onset hypertension groups, both consisting of 7722 participants, over a span of 10 years. Ceramide and phosphatidylcholine levels were measured using tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ceramide and phosphatidylcholine ratios, including ceramide (d18:1/18:0), ceramide (d18:1/24:1), phosphatidylcholine (16:0/16:0), and the ratio of ceramide (d18:1/18:0)/(d18:1/16:0), are consistently associated with both prevalence and new-onset hypertension. Ceramide (d18:1/24:0) was also linked to both hypertension measures. Adjusting for covariates, CERT1 and CERT2 showed no-longer-significant associations with hypertension prevalence, but only CERT2 predicted new-onset hypertension. Plasma ceramides and phosphatidylcholines are crucial biomarkers for hypertension, with imbalances potentially contributing to its development. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms by which ceramides will contribute to the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shoghli
- Department of Population Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - A. Inkeri Lokki
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (A.I.L.); (J.S.)
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology and Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mitja Lääperi
- Lääperi Statistical Consulting, 02770 Espoo, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (A.I.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Marja-Liisa Lokki
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mika Hilvo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 02044 Espoo, Finland;
| | - Antti Jylhä
- Zora Biosciences Oy, 02620 Espoo, Finland (R.L.)
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of International Health, National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, 02620 Espoo, Finland (R.L.)
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, 33521 Tampere, Finland
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Davies A, Wenzl FA, Li XS, Winzap P, Obeid S, Klingenberg R, Mach F, Räber L, Muller O, Matter CM, Laaksonen R, Wang Z, Hazen SL, Lüscher TF. Short and medium chain acylcarnitines as markers of outcome in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with acute coronary syndromes. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131261. [PMID: 37574027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnitine metabolism produces numerous molecular species of short-, medium-, and long-chain acylcarnitines, which play important roles in energy homeostasis and fatty acid transport in the myocardium. Given that disturbances in the carnitine metabolism are linked to cardiometabolic disease, we studied the relationship of circulating acylcarnitines with outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and evaluated differences in circulating levels of these metabolites between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. METHODS Harnessing a prospective multicentre cohort study (SPUM-ACS; NCT01000701), we measured plasma levels of acylcarnitines, carnitine, and carnitine metabolites to assess their relationship with adjudicated major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, clinically indicated revascularization, or death of any cause. The SPUM-ACS study enrolled patients presenting with ACS to Swiss University Hospitals between 2009 and 2012. Acetylcarnitine, octanoylcarnitine, proprionylcarnitine, butyrylcarnitine, pentanoylcarnitine, hexanoylcarnitine, carnitine, γ-butyrobetaine, and trimethylamine N-oxide were measured in plasma using stable isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography with online electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 1683 patients with ACS were included in the study. All measured metabolites except γ-butyrobetaine and carnitine were higher in diabetic subject (n = 294) than in non-diabetic subjects (n = 1389). On univariate analysis, all metabolites, apart from octenoylcarnitine, were significantly associated with MACE at 1 year. After multivariable adjustment for established risk factors, acetylcarnitine remained an independent predictor of MACE at 1-year (quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, adjusted hazard ratio 2.06; 95% confidence interval 1.12-3.80, P = 0.020). CONCLUSION Circulating levels of acetylcarnitine independently predict residual cardiovascular risk in patients with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Davies
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xinmin S Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Patric Winzap
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Slayman Obeid
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Aarau Cantonal Hospital, Aarau, Switzerland; Herzklinik Kreuzlingen, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Klingenberg
- Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Campus of the Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - François Mach
- Department of Cardiology, Hopital Universitaire de Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Muller
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK; Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
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5
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely CH, Geiger K, Brandtner EM, Heinzle C, Gaenger S, Mink S, Laaksonen R, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. Coronary Event Risk Test (CERT) as a Risk Predictor for the 10-Year Clinical Outcome of Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6151. [PMID: 37834795 PMCID: PMC10573503 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Ceramides are a new kind of lipid biomarker and have already been demonstrated to be valuable risk predictors in coronary patients. Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are a population with a worse prognosis and higher mortality risk compared to coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, the value of ceramides for risk prediction in PAD patients is still vague, as addressed in the present study. (2)Methods: This observational study included 379 PAD patients. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 10 years of follow-up. A set of ceramides was measured by LC-MS/MS and combined according to the Coronary Event Risk Test (CERT) score, which categorizes patients into one of four risk groups (low risk, moderate risk, high risk, very high risk). (3) Results: Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that the overall survival of patients decreased with the increasing risk predicted by the four CERT categories, advancing from low risk to very high risk. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that each one-category increase resulted in a 35% rise in overall mortality risk (HR = 1.35 [1.16-1.58]). Multivariable adjustment, including, among others, age, LDL-cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, and statin treatment before the baseline, did not abrogate this significant association (HR = 1.22 [1.04-1.43]). Moreover, we found that the beneficial effect of statin treatment is significantly stronger in patients with a higher risk, according to CERT. (4) Conclusions: We conclude that the ceramide-based risk score CERT is a strong predictor of the 10-year mortality risk in patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Leiherer
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein; (S.M.); (P.F.)
- Medical Central Laboratories, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Axel Muendlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein; (S.M.); (P.F.)
| | - Christoph H. Saely
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein; (S.M.); (P.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Kathrin Geiger
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
- Medical Central Laboratories, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Brandtner
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
| | - Christine Heinzle
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
- Medical Central Laboratories, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Stella Gaenger
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
| | - Sylvia Mink
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein; (S.M.); (P.F.)
- Medical Central Laboratories, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland;
- Zora Biosciences, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter Fraunberger
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein; (S.M.); (P.F.)
- Medical Central Laboratories, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Heinz Drexel
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; (A.M.); (K.G.); (E.-M.B.); (S.G.); (H.D.)
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein; (S.M.); (P.F.)
- Vorarlberger Landeskrankenhausbetriebsgesellschaft, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
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Mustaniemi S, Keikkala E, Kajantie E, Nurhonen M, Jylhä A, Morin-Papunen L, Öhman H, Männistö T, Laivuori H, Eriksson JG, Laaksonen R, Vääräsmäki M. Serum ceramides in early pregnancy as predictors of gestational diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13274. [PMID: 37582815 PMCID: PMC10427660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes but it is uncertain whether they predict gestational diabetes (GDM). In this multicentre case-control study including 1040 women with GDM and 958 non-diabetic controls, early pregnancy (mean 10.7 gestational weeks) concentrations of four ceramides-Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1)-were determined by a validated mass-spectrometric method from biobanked serum samples. Traditional lipids including total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides were measured. Logistic and linear regression and the LASSO logistic regression were used to analyse lipids and clinical risk factors in the prediction of GDM. The concentrations of four targeted ceramides and total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides were higher and HDL was lower among women with subsequent GDM than among controls. After adjustments, Cer(d18:1/24:0), triglycerides and LDL were independent predictors of GDM, women in their highest quartile had 1.44-fold (95% CI 1.07-1.95), 2.17-fold (95% CI 1.57-3.00) and 1.63-fold (95% CI 1.19-2.24) odds for GDM when compared to their lowest quartiles, respectively. In the LASSO regression modelling ceramides did not appear to markedly improve the predictive performance for GDM alongside with clinical risk factors and triglycerides. However, their adverse alterations highlight the extent of metabolic disturbances involved in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Mustaniemi
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PL 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland.
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Elina Keikkala
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PL 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PL 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Markku Nurhonen
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Laure Morin-Papunen
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PL 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Hannele Laivuori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Child, Adolescence and Maternal Health, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Marja Vääräsmäki
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PL 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland
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7
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Busnelli M, Manzini S, Colombo A, Franchi E, Lääperi M, Laaksonen R, Chiesa G. Effect of Diets on Plasma and Aorta Lipidome: A Study in the apoE Knockout Mouse Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200367. [PMID: 36419336 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Specific lipid molecules circulating in plasma at low concentrations have emerged as biomarkers of atherosclerotic risk. The aim of the present study is that of evaluating, in an athero-prone mouse model, how different diets can affect plasma and aorta lipidome. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six apoE knockout mice are divided in three groups and feed 12 weeks with diets differing for cholesterol and fatty acid content. Atherosclerosis is measured at the aortic sinus and aorta. Lipids are quantified in plasma and aorta with mass spectrometry. The cholesterol content of the diets is the main driver of lipid accumulation in plasma and aorta. The fatty acid composition of the diets affects plasma levels both of essential (linoleic acid) and nonessential (myristic and arachidonic acid) ones. Lipidomics show a comparable distribution, in plasma and aorta, of the main lipid components of oxidized LDL, including cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines. Interestingly, lactosylceramide, glucosyl/galactosylceramide, and individual ceramide species are found to accumulate in diseased aortic segments. CONCLUSION Both the cholesterol and fatty acid content of the diets profoundly affect plasma lipidome. Aorta lipidome is likewise affected with the accumulation of specific lipids known as markers of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Busnelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti, 9, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Stefano Manzini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti, 9, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Alice Colombo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti, 9, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Elsa Franchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti, 9, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | | | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, 02150, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti, 9, Milan, 20133, Italy
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8
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Bjørnestad EØ, Dhar I, Svingen GFT, Pedersen ER, Ørn S, Svenningsson MM, Tell GS, Ueland PM, Sulo G, Laaksonen R, Nygård O. Circulating trimethylamine N-oxide levels do not predict 10-year survival in patients with or without coronary heart disease. J Intern Med 2022; 292:915-924. [PMID: 35916742 PMCID: PMC9804190 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an amine oxide generated by gut microbial metabolism. TMAO may contribute to atherothrombosis and systemic inflammation. However, the prognostic value of circulating TMAO for risk stratification is uncertain. METHODS We assessed prospective relationships of plasma TMAO with long-term risk of all-cause, cardiovascular (CV), and non-CV mortality in the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (WECAC; 4132 patients with suspected coronary artery disease) and the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK; 6393 community-based subjects). Risk associations were examined using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Mean follow-up was 9.8 and 10.5 years in WECAC and HUSK, respectively. Following adjustments for established CV risk factors and indices of renal function in WECAC, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) per one standard deviation increase in log-transformed plasma TMAO were 1.04 (0.97-1.12), 1.06 (0.95-1.18), and 1.03 (0.93-1.13) for all-cause, CV, and non-CV mortality, respectively. Essentially similar results were obtained in patients with angiographically significant coronary artery disease and patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Corresponding HRs (95% CIs) in the HUSK cohort were 1.03 (0.96-1.10), 1.01 (0.89-1.13), and 1.03 (0.95-1.12) for all-cause-, CV, and non-CV mortality, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Circulating TMAO did not predict long-term all-cause, CV, or non-CV mortality in patients with coronary heart disease or in community-based adults. This large study does not support a role of TMAO for patient risk stratification in primary or secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Ø Bjørnestad
- Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Indu Dhar
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gard F T Svingen
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva R Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Ørn
- Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gerhard Sulo
- Centre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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9
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Brandtner E, Saely CH, Vonbank A, Mader A, Sprenger L, Maechler M, Jylha A, Laaperi M, Laaksonen R, Maerz W, Fraunberger P, Kleber M, Drexel H. Ceramide-based lipid profiles and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes differ between patients with coronary artery disease and those with peripheral artery disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Serum lipids and metabolic diseases, in particular type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), predict the atherosclerotic diseases coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate in how far a more detailed characterization including serum lipids improves discrimination of PAD from CAD.
Method
A cohort of 274 statin-naïve patients with either PAD (n=89) or stable CAD (n=185) were referred to metabolic screening and were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance- and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based advanced lipid and lipoprotein analysis. Results were validated in an independent cohort of 1239 patients with PAD or CAD.
Results
We found a significant difference in T2D prevalence and in the ceramide-based lipid profile between PAD and CAD patients. However, neither cholesterol-based markers (including LDL-C, HDL-C) and detailed lipoprotein profiles nor the LD status differed significantly between PAD and CAD patients (figure). The difference between ceramide-based lipid profiles of CAD and PAD remained significant also after adjusting for body composition, smoking, inflammatory parameters, and T2D.
Conclusion
We conclude that PAD and CAD differ in ceramide-based lipid profiles and T2D status, but not in other lipid characteristics or metabolic diseases.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leiherer
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation & Treatment , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - A Muendlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation & Treatment , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - E Brandtner
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation & Treatment , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - C H Saely
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein , Triesen , Liechtenstein
| | - A Vonbank
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - A Mader
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - L Sprenger
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - M Maechler
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch , Feldkirch , Austria
| | - A Jylha
- Zora Biosciences , Espoo , Finland
| | | | | | - W Maerz
- Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | | | - M Kleber
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany
| | - H Drexel
- County Hospital Bregenz , Bregenz , Austria
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10
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Bjornestad E, Dhar I, Svingen GFT, Pedersen ER, Orn S, Svenningsson M, Tell GS, Ueland PM, Sulo G, Laaksonen R, Nygaard O. Long-term prognostic value of trimethylamine N-oxide in community-based adults and patients with coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an amine oxide generated by gut microbial metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests pro-atherosclerotic and pro-inflammatory properties of TMAO; however, the clinical utility of circulating TMAO in risk stratification is uncertain.
Purpose
We prospectively assessed relationships of plasma TMAO with long-term risk of all-cause, cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV mortality in community-dwelling adults and patients with coronary heart disease.
Methods
By Cox modelling, risk-associations were examined in the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK; 6393 community-based adults) and the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (WECAC; 4132 patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome).
Results
Median follow-up time was 11.0 and 10.3 years in HUSK and WECAC, respectively. Following adjustments for established CV risk factors in HUSK, the HRs (95% CIs) comparing the 4th vs. 1st TMAO-quartile were 1.11 (0.88–1.40), 0.97 (0.65–1.46) and 1.17 (0.88–1.54) for all-cause, CV and non-CV mortality, respectively. Corresponding risk estimates in WECAC were 1.07 (0.86–1.32), 1.16 (0.83–1.62) and 1.02 (0.77–1.34). Similar results were observed in patients with angiographically significant coronary artery disease and patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.
Conclusion
Plasma TMAO was not predictive of long-term all-cause, CV or non-CV mortality in patients with or without established coronary heart disease. This large-scale study does not support a role of TMAO for patient risk stratification in primary or secondary prevention.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bjornestad
- Stavanger University Hospital , Stavanger , Norway
| | - I Dhar
- University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Science , Bergen , Norway
| | - G F T Svingen
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Bergen , Norway
| | - E R Pedersen
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Bergen , Norway
| | - S Orn
- Stavanger University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Stavanger , Norway
| | - M Svenningsson
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Bergen , Norway
| | - G S Tell
- University of Bergen, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care , Bergen , Norway
| | - P M Ueland
- University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Science , Bergen , Norway
| | - G Sulo
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Disease Burden , Bergen , Norway
| | - R Laaksonen
- Tampere University, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center , Tampere , Finland
| | - O Nygaard
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Bergen , Norway
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11
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely C, Larcher B, Mader A, Maechler M, Sprenger L, Grabher V, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Jylha A, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. The ceramide- and phosphatidylcholine- based coronary event risk test2 (CERT2) and cardiovascular mortality in men and women with type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Strandberg TE, Kivimäki M, Urtamo A, Jyväkorpi S, Laaksonen R. Plasma ceramides independently predict all-cause mortality in men aged 85. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6610924. [PMID: 35716045 PMCID: PMC9206169 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background assessing cardiovascular and mortality risk with conventional biomarkers is challenging in oldest-old due to multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Ceramides are bioactive lipids shown to predict mortality in late middle-aged cohorts. Objective to assess whether plasma ceramides have independent prognostic value for mortality among oldest-old (85+). Design longitudinal cohort study (Helsinki Businessmen Study, HBS) with a 3.5-year follow-up. Setting and subjects survivors of HBS (125 men born in 1919–1934) visited the clinic for laboratory and clinical examination. Methods functional status including physical (short physical performance battery) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cognitive performance was assessed and laboratory examinations included a large set of biomarkers. Plasma ceramide concentration (Cer(d18:1/16:0)) was measured using a targeted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay. Mortality was retrieved from national registers. Results median age was 88 years, two-thirds had multimorbidity and 59% were on statin treatment. During the follow-up, 22 (18%) men died. In a model adjusted for variables associated with mortality in the whole cohort at P < 0.20 (log glucose, SPPB, MoCA and statin use), Cer(d18:1/16:0) as a continuous trait was associated with increased mortality: hazard ratio (HR) per 1 SD 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23–2.18). Compared with the bottom tertile of Cer(d18:1/16:0), HR of mortality was 5.44-fold (95% CI 1.17–25.3) in the top tertile. Conclusions these data raise the hypothesis that plasma ceramide concentrations and especially Cer(d18:1/1:60) may offer a clinically useful biomarker to evaluate prognosis in very old age. Such biomarkers are needed for geriatrics, where multimorbidity and pharmacotherapies, such as statins are prevalent hampering assessment of prognosis using conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo E Strandberg
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital, Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Helsinki, Finland.,University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Annele Urtamo
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Jyväkorpi
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
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13
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Akhmedov A, Crucet M, Simic B, Kraler S, Bonetti NR, Ospelt C, Distler O, Ciurea A, Liberale L, Jauhiainen M, Metso J, Miranda M, Cydecian R, Schwarz L, Fehr V, Zilinyi R, Amrollahi-Sharifabadi M, Ntari L, Karagianni N, Ruschitzka F, Laaksonen R, Vanhoutte PM, Kollias G, Camici GG, Lüscher TF. TNFα induces endothelial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis via LOX-1 and arginase 2: reversal by monoclonal TNFα antibodies. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:254-266. [PMID: 33483748 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints and blood vessels. Despite low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), RA patients exhibit endothelial dysfunction and are at increased risk of death from cardiovascular complications, but the molecular mechanism of action is unknown. We aimed in the present study to identify the molecular mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in a mouse model of RA and in patients with RA. METHODS AND RESULTS Endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were reduced in aortae of two tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) transgenic mouse lines with either mild (Tg3647) or severe (Tg197) forms of RA in a time- and severity-dependent fashion as assessed by organ chamber myograph. In Tg197, TNFα plasma levels were associated with severe endothelial dysfunction. LOX-1 receptor was markedly up-regulated leading to increased vascular oxLDL uptake and NFκB-mediated enhanced Arg2 expression via direct binding to its promoter resulting in reduced NO bioavailability and vascular cGMP levels as shown by ELISA and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Anti-TNFα treatment with infliximab normalized endothelial function together with LOX-1 and Arg2 serum levels in mice. In RA patients, soluble LOX-1 serum levels were also markedly increased and closely related to serum levels of C-reactive protein. Similarly, ARG2 serum levels were increased. Similarly, anti-TNFα treatment restored LOX-1 and ARG2 serum levels in RA patients. CONCLUSIONS Increased TNFα levels not only contribute to RA, but also to endothelial dysfunction by increasing vascular oxLDL content and activation of the LOX-1/NFκB/Arg2 pathway leading to reduced NO bioavailability and decreased cGMP levels. Anti-TNFα treatment improved both articular symptoms and endothelial function by reducing LOX-1, vascular oxLDL, and Arg2 levels.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/enzymology
- Aorta, Thoracic/immunology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Arginase/genetics
- Arginase/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/enzymology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/enzymology
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Female
- Humans
- Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Middle Aged
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Scavenger Receptors, Class E/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class E/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Margot Crucet
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Branko Simic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Ospelt
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Ciurea
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Metso
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Melroy Miranda
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rose Cydecian
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lena Schwarz
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vera Fehr
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rita Zilinyi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Lydia Ntari
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Niki Karagianni
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere and Finnish Clinical Biobank Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, Peoples Republic of China
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK
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14
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Leiherer A, Mündlein A, Brandtner EM, Säly CH, Ramadani H, Vonbank A, Mader A, Dopheide JF, Jylhä A, Lääperi M, Laaksonen R, März W, Fraunberger P, Kleber M, Drexel H. Lipid profiles of patients with manifest coronary versus peripheral atherosclerosis - Is there a difference? J Intern Med 2021; 290:1249-1263. [PMID: 34337800 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are both caused by atherosclerosis. Serum lipids and lipoproteins are predictive of the development of atherosclerosis but it is not clear if they differ in the two manifestations, PAD and CAD. We tested whether a more detailed characterization of the lipid and lipoprotein patterns of PAD and CAD allows a clear differentiation between the two atherosclerotic phenotypes. METHODS A cohort of 274 statin-naïve patients with either newly diagnosed imaging proven PAD (n = 89) or stable CAD (n = 185) was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance- and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based advanced lipid and lipoprotein analysis. An independent cohort of 1239 patients with PAD and CAD was used for validation. RESULTS We found a significant difference in markers of inflammation as well as ceramide and phosphatidylcholine levels between patients with PAD and CAD. In contrast, basic lipid markers including total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) or detailed lipoprotein profiles did not differ significantly between patients with PAD and CAD. Applying ratios and scores derived from ceramides and phosphatidylcholines further improved the discrimination between PAD and CAD. These significant differences were independent of body composition, from the status of smoking or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also from apolipoprotein C-III and other inflammatory parameters which were different between CAD and PAD. CONCLUSION The present study clearly suggests that PAD and CAD differ in terms of their ceramide- and phosphatidylcholine-based lipid patterns but not in lipoprotein characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Leiherer
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.,Medical Central Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Axel Mündlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Eva Maria Brandtner
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Christoph H Säly
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Department of Medicine I, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Hana Ramadani
- Division of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Vonbank
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Department of Medicine I, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Arthur Mader
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Department of Medicine I, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Jörn F Dopheide
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Division of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences, Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Winfried März
- Department of Medicine V, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Fraunberger
- Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.,Medical Central Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Marcus Kleber
- Department of Medicine V, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heinz Drexel
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria.,Division of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.,Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria
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15
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Hilvo M, Jylhä A, Lääperi M, Jousilahti P, Laaksonen R. Absolute and relative risk prediction in cardiovascular primary prevention with a modified SCORE chart incorporating ceramide-phospholipid risk score and diabetes mellitus. European Heart Journal Open 2021; 1:oeab010. [PMID: 35919880 PMCID: PMC9242040 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims A risk score, CERT2, based on distinct ceramide and phosphatidylcholine lipid species, has shown robust performance in predicting cardiovascular risk in secondary prevention. Here, our aim was to investigate the predictive value of CERT2 in primary prevention compared to classical lipid biomarkers and its compatibility with clinical characteristics used in the SCORE risk chart. Methods and results Four ceramides [Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0), Cer(d18:1/24:1)] and three phosphatidylcholines [PC(14:0/22:6), PC(16:0/22:5), PC(16:0/16:0)] were analysed by targeted tandem liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method in FINRISK 2002, which is a population-based risk factor survey investigating men and women aged 25–74 years. Primary prevention subjects (N = 7324) were followed up for 10 years for the following outcomes: incident coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), stroke, and heart failure. Hazard ratios per standard deviation obtained from adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were significant for all these endpoints, and the highest for fatal ones, i.e. fatal CHD [1.45 (95% confidence interval 1.07–1.97)], CVD [1.39 (1.06–1.83)], and MACE [1.39 (1.07–1.80)]. The categorical net reclassification improvement was 0.051 for the 10-year risk of incident CVD. Incidence of fatal events was over 10-fold more frequent in the highest CERT2 category compared to the lowest risk category and modified SCORE risk charts, utilizing CERT2 and diabetes mellitus, increased granularity of risk assessment compared to a chart utilizing total cholesterol. Conclusion CERT2 is a significant predictor of incident cardiovascular outcomes and risk charts utilizing this score provide an easy tool to estimate relative and absolute risk for incident CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy , Tietotie 2C, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Antti Jylhä
- Zora Biosciences Oy , Tietotie 2C, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Mitja Lääperi
- Zora Biosciences Oy , Tietotie 2C, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy , Tietotie 2C, Espoo 02150, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University , Tampere, Finland
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16
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely CH, Larcher B, Mader A, Maechler M, Sprenger L, Mutschlechner B, Benda M, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Jylha A, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. The ceramide- and phosphatidylcholine- based Coronary Event Risk Test2 (CERT2) and cardiovascular mortality in men and women with type 2 diabetes. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The recently introduced Coronary Event Risk Test version 2 (CERT2) is a validated cardiovascular risk predictor score that uses circulating ceramide and phosphatidylcholine concentrations.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the power of CERT2 to predict cardiovascular mortality in 280 male and 121 female patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Prospectively, we recorded 55 cardiovascular deaths in men and 19 in women during a mean follow-up time of 7.6±3.6 and 8.1±3.4 years respectively.
Overall, cardiovascular survival decreased with increasing CERT2 risk categories (figure 1). In Cox regression models, CERT2 significantly predicted the incidence of cardiovascular mortality in male patients with T2DM (unadj. HR 1.82 [1.39–2.37] per standard deviation; p<0.001), the unadj. HR in women was 1.36 [0.83–2.22]; p=0.228). After adjustment for age, BMI, current smoking, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and statin use the HR in men was 1.73 [1.31–2.29]; p<0.001) and 1.40 [083–2.36]; p=0.210 in women. Interaction terms CERT2 x gender were non-significant both in univariate analysis (p=0.354) and after multivariate adjustment (p=0.359).
We conclude that sex does not significantly impact the association of CERT2 with cardiovascular mortality in patients with T2DM.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leiherer
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | | | - C H Saely
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - B Larcher
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - A Mader
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | | | | | - M Benda
- VIVIT Institute, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | | | - A Jylha
- Zora Biosciences, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - H Drexel
- County Hospital Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria
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17
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Bjornestad EO, Dhar I, Svingen GFT, Svenningsson MM, Pedersen ER, Tell GS, Ueland PM, Orn S, Laaksonen R, Nygaard O. Circulating trimethyllysine predicts total and cardiovascular mortality in patients with and without coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The carnitine precursor trimethyllysine (TML) is associated with the microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and predicts future cardiovascular events in patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD).
Purpose
To examine circulating TML as a predictor of total and cardiovascular mortality in two independent cohorts of subjects with or without CHD.
Methods
By Cox regression modelling, risk associations were examined in 6393 subjects in the community-based Hordaland Health Study (HUSK). A replication study was performed among 4117 patients undergoing coronary angiography for suspected stable angina pectoris in the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (WECAC).
Results
During a median follow-up of 10.9 years in the HUSK-cohort, 884 (13.8%) subjects died, of whom 287 from cardiovascular causes. After adjustments for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) for total mortality comparing the 4th vs. 1st TML-quartile was 1.66 (1.31–2.10, p<0.001). Particularly strong associations were observed with cardiovascular mortality (HR [95% CI] 2.04 [1.32–3.15, p=0.001]). Corresponding risk estimates in the WECAC-cohort (median follow-up of 10.3 years) were 1.35 (1.10–1.66, p=0.004) for total and 1.45 (1.06–1.98, p=0.02) for cardiovascular mortality. Additional adjustments for plasma TMAO did not materially influence the risk estimates in either cohort, and no effect modification by TMAO was observed.
Conclusions
Circulating TML is associated with increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality in both subjects with and without CHD.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Bjornestad
- Stavanger University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Stavanger, Norway
| | - I Dhar
- University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Science, Bergen, Norway
| | - G F T Svingen
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bergen, Norway
| | - M M Svenningsson
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bergen, Norway
| | - E R Pedersen
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bergen, Norway
| | - G S Tell
- University of Bergen, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Health Care, Bergen, Norway
| | - P M Ueland
- University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Science, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Orn
- Stavanger University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Stavanger, Norway
| | - R Laaksonen
- Tampere University, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - O Nygaard
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bergen, Norway
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18
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Mishra PP, Mishra BH, Lyytikäinen LP, Hilvo M, Juonala M, Kähönen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Fotiadis DI, Raitakari OT, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. Assessment of plasma ceramides as predictor for subclinical atherosclerosis. Atheroscler Plus 2021; 45:25-31. [PMID: 36643994 PMCID: PMC9833256 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Ceramides have been identified as novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) related events and mortality but their role in etiology of subclinical atherosclerosis is unknown. We aimed to assess association between plasma ceramides and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and evaluate predictive value of the ceramides for high CIMT over traditional CVD risk factors. Methods Association between plasma ceramides and CIMT in the Young Finns Study participants was analyzed with CIMT as outcome and ceramides along with traditional risk factors as predictors with regression model. Predictive value of the ceramides and related coronary event risk test (CERT) score for high CIMT as surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by comparing logistic regression-based prediction models including, i) traditional risk factors and ceramides, ii) traditional risk factors and CERT score, iii) age, sex and ceramides or alternatively CERT score with a reference model including only traditional risk factors. The prediction models were fitted to training data (70% data) and tested on test data (30% data). The predictive models were assessed with area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). The variance of AUC was estimated by repeating the model fitting and testing for 1000 bootstraps of the original data. Results Predictive models with plasma ceramides or alternatively with CERT score in addition to age and sex variables were able to predict high CIMT with AUC 0.726 and 0.720 respectively. However, the ceramides and CERT score did not have statistically significant added predictive value for high CIMT over traditional risk factors. Conclusions The new systemic biomarkers, high-risk plasma ceramides and CERT score, showed promising predictive performance for high CIMT with only age and sex as additional variables. This may help in predicting subclinical atherosclerosis for primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pashupati P. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland,Corresponding author. Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland.
| | - Binisha H. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Dimitrios I. Fotiadis
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biomedical Research, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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19
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Mishra BH, Mishra PP, Mononen N, Hilvo M, Sievänen H, Juonala M, Laaksonen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Viikari J, Kähönen M, Raitakari OT, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. Uncovering the shared lipidomic markers of subclinical osteoporosis-atherosclerosis comorbidity: The Young Finns Study. Bone 2021; 151:116030. [PMID: 34098163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are complex multifactorial diseases sharing common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms suggesting that these are comorbidities. Omics studies identifying joint molecular markers associated with these diseases are sparse. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we quantified 437 molecular lipid species from the Young Finns Study cohort (aged 30-45 years and 57% women) and performed lipidome-wide multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with early markers for both diseases. Carotid intima-media thickness for atherosclerosis measured with ultrasound and bone mineral density from distal radius and tibia for osteoporosis measured with peripheral quantitative computed tomography were used as early markers of the diseases. RESULTS MANOVA adjusted with age, sex and body mass index, identified eight statistically significant (adjusted p-value (padj) < 0.05) and 15 suggestively significant (padj < 0.25) molecular lipid species associated with the studied markers. Similar analysis adjusted additionally for smoking habit, physical activity and alcohol consumption identified four significant and six suggestively significant molecular lipid species. These most significant lipid classes/species jointly associated with the studied markers were glycerolipid/TAG(18:0/18:0/18:1), glycerophospholipid/PC(40:3), sphingolipid/Gb3(d18:1/22:0), and sphingolipid/Gb3(d18:1/24:0). CONCLUSION Our results support the osteoporosis-atherosclerosis comorbidity hypothesis and present potential new joint lipid biomarkers for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binisha H Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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20
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Signori C, Meessen JMTA, Laaksonen R, Maggioni AP, Novelli D, Blanda A, Jylhä A, Nicolis E, Targher G, Tavazzi L, Tognoni G, Hilvo M, Latini R. Coffee, Atrial Fibrillation, and Circulating Ceramides in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:11236-11245. [PMID: 34533314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are sphingolipids that play roles as structural lipids and as second messengers in biological processes. Circulating ceramides are influenced by diet/food and predict major cardiovascular (CV) events, such as atrial fibrillation (AF). In 1227 patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure (HF), an association between diet and ceramides was found for coffee consumption of ≥3 cups and Cer(d18:1/24:0). Increased Cer(d18:1/24:0) was associated with lower incident AF (24.3% vs 15.4% tertile 1 vs 3, P = 0.016) and lower CV mortality (28.4% vs 12.0% tertile 1 vs 3, P < 0.0001). For coffee consumption, only an association with incident AF was found (24.5% never, 5.2% ≥3 cups). These inverse associations with AF were confirmed in survival analyses corrected for biomarkers (Cer(d18:1/24:0) HR: 0.79, P = 0.018; coffee consumption HR: 0.22, P = 0.001). In conclusion, higher coffee intake was associated with a lower risk of incident AF and with higher concentrations of Cer(d18:1/24:0). Cer(d18:1/24:0) was inversely associated to risk of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Signori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - Jennifer M T A Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | | | | | - Deborah Novelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - Adriana Blanda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Nicolis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona 37126, Italy
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy
| | - Gianni Tognoni
- Department of Anestesia-Rianimazione e Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan 20157, Italy
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21
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Lindqvist HM, Bärebring L, Gjertsson I, Jylhä A, Laaksonen R, Winkvist A, Hilvo M. A Randomized Controlled Dietary Intervention Improved the Serum Lipid Signature towards a Less Atherogenic Profile in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Metabolites 2021; 11:632. [PMID: 34564448 PMCID: PMC8472309 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). One explanation for this is its effect on specific lipids. However, knowledge on how the lipidome is affected is limited. We aimed to investigate if diet can change the new ceramide- and phospholipid-based CVD risk score CERT2 and the serum lipidome towards a more favorable CVD signature. In a crossover trial (ADIRA), 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had 10 weeks of a Mediterranean-style diet intervention or a Western-style control diet and then switched diets after a 4-month wash-out-period. Five hundred and thirty-eight individual lipids were measured in serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Lipid risk scores were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test or mixed model and lipidomic data with multivariate statistical methods. In the main analysis, including the 46 participants completing ≥1 diet period, there was no significant difference in CERT2 after the intervention compared with the control, although several CERT2 components were changed within periods. In addition, triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters, phosphatidylcholines, alkylphosphatidylcholines and alkenylphosphatidylcholines had a healthier composition after the intervention compared to after the control diet. This trial indicates that certain dietary changes can improve the serum lipid signature towards a less atherogenic profile in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lindqvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linnea Bärebring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inger Gjertsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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22
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Hilvo M, Lääperi M, Jylhä A, Kleber ME, Hurme R, Scharnagl H, März W, Sinisalo J, Laaksonen R. Prior myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease extent, diabetes mellitus, and CERT2 score for risk stratification in stable coronary artery disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 29:e159-e162. [PMID: 34453528 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Mitja Lääperi
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Antti Jylhä
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 13-17, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim GmbH, Harrlachweg 1, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Reini Hurme
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 13-17, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria.,SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Gubener Straße 39, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, and Helsinki University, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34 33520 Tampere, Finland
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23
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Leiherer A, Mündlein A, Laaksonen R, Lääperi M, Jylhä A, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. Comparison of recent ceramide-based coronary risk prediction scores in cardiovascular disease patients. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 29:947-956. [PMID: 34417607 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cholesterol-based risk prediction is often insufficient in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Ceramides are a new kind of biomarkers for CVD. The Coronary Event Risk Test (CERT) is a validated cardiovascular risk predictor that uses only circulating ceramide levels, determined by coupled liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, to allocate patients into one of four risk categories. This test has recently been modified (CERT2) by additionally including phosphatidylcholine levels. METHODS AND RESULTS In this observational cohort study, we have recruited 999 Austrian patients with CVD and followed them for up to 13 years. We found that CERT and CERT2 both predicted cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and overall mortality. CERT2 had the higher performance compared to CERT and also to the recent cardiovascular risk score of the ESC/EAS guidelines (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE)) for low-risk European countries. Combining CERT2 with the ESC/EAS-SCORE, predictive capacity was further increased leading to a hazard ratio of 3.58 (2.02-6.36; P < 0.001) for cardiovascular events, 11.60 (2.72-49.56; P = 0.001) for cardiovascular mortality, and 9.86 (4.23-22.99; P < 0.001) for overall mortality when patients with very high risk (category 4) were compared to those with low risk (category 1). The use of the combined score instead of the ESC/EAS-SCORE significantly improved the predictive power according to the integrated discrimination improvement index (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION We conclude that CERT and CERT2 are powerful predictors of cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and overall mortality in CVD patients. Including phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide-based score increases the predictive performance and is best in combination with classical risk factors as used in the ESC/EAS-SCORE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Leiherer
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria.,Medical Central Laboratories, Carinagasse 41, A-6807, Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24 FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Axel Mündlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24 FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.,Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Mitja Lääperi
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Antti Jylhä
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter Fraunberger
- Medical Central Laboratories, Carinagasse 41, A-6807, Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24 FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Heinz Drexel
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria.,Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Dorfstrasse 24 FL-9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein.,Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Bregenz, Carl-Pedenz-Str. 2, A-6900 Bregenz, Austria.,Drexel University College of Medicine, 2900 W Qeen Ln, PA 19129 Philadelphia, PA, USA
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24
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Bjørnestad EØ, Dhar I, Svingen GFT, Pedersen ER, Svenningsson MM, Tell GS, Ueland PM, Ørn S, Sulo G, Laaksonen R, Nygård O. Trimethyllysine predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling adults and patients with coronary heart disease. European Heart Journal Open 2021; 1:oeab007. [PMID: 35919088 PMCID: PMC9242046 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aims Trimethyllysine (TML) is involved in carnitine synthesis, serves as a precursor of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and is associated with cardiovascular events in patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD). We prospectively examined circulating TML as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling adults and patients with CHD. Methods and results By Cox regression modelling, risk associations were examined in 6393 subjects in the community-based Hordaland Health Study (HUSK). A replication study was conducted among 4117 patients with suspected stable angina pectoris in the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (WECAC). During a mean follow-up of 10.5 years in the HUSK-cohort, 884 (13.8%) subjects died, of whom 287 from cardiovascular causes. After multivariable adjustments for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] for all-cause mortality comparing the 4th vs. 1st TML-quartile was 1.66 (1.31–2.10, P < 0.001). Particularly strong associations were observed for cardiovascular mortality [HR (95% CI) 2.04 (1.32–3.15, P = 0.001)]. Corresponding risk-estimates in the WECAC (mean follow-up of 9.8 years) were 1.35 [1.10–1.66, P = 0.004] for all-cause and 1.45 [1.06–1.98, P = 0.02] for cardiovascular mortality. Significant correlations between plasma TML and TMAO were observed in both cohorts (rs ≥ 0.42, P < 0.001); however, additional adjustments for TMAO did not materially influence the risk associations, and no effect modification by TMAO was found. Conclusions Elevated TML-levels were associated with increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality both in subjects with and without established CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Ø Bjørnestad
- Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital , Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Indu Dhar
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gard F T Svingen
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva R Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804 NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mads M Svenningsson
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen , Årstadveien 17, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804 NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Ørn
- Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital , Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens gate 8, 4011 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Gerhard Sulo
- Centre for Disease Burden, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Zander Kaaesgate 7, 5015 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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25
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Hilvo M, Dhar I, Lääperi M, Lysne V, Sulo G, Tell GS, Jousilahti P, Nygård OK, Brenner H, Schöttker B, Laaksonen R. Primary cardiovascular risk prediction by LDL-cholesterol in Caucasian middle-aged and older adults: a joint analysis of three cohorts. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 29:e128-e137. [PMID: 34060615 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an established causal driver of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but its performance and age-dependency as a biomarker for incident events and mortality arising from ASCVD is less clear. The aim was to determine the value of LDL-C as a susceptibility/risk biomarker for incident coronary heart disease (CHD), ASCVD, and stroke events and deaths, for the age groups <50 and ≥50 years. METHODS AND RESULTS The performance of LDL-C was evaluated in three cohorts, FINRISK 2002 (n = 7709), HUSK (n = 5431), and ESTHER (n = 4559), by Cox proportional hazards models, C-statistics, and net reclassification index calculations. Additionally, the hazard ratios (HRs) for the three cohorts were pooled by meta-analysis. The most consistent association was observed for CHD [95% confidence interval (CI) for HRs per standard deviation ranging from 0.99 to 1.37], whereas the results were more modest for ASCVD (0.96-1.18) due to lack of association with stroke (0.77-1.24). The association and discriminatory value of LDL-C with all endpoints in FINRISK 2002 and HUSK were attenuated in subjects 50 years and older [HRs (95% CI) obtained from meta-analysis 1.11 (1.04-1.18) for CHD, 1.15 (1.02-1.29) for CHD death, 1.02 (0.98-1.06) for ASCVD, 1.12 (1.02-1.23) for ASCVD death, and 0.97 (0.89-1.05) for stroke]. CONCLUSION In middle-aged and older adults, associations between LDL-C and all the studied cardiovascular endpoints were relatively weak, while LDL-C showed stronger association with rare events of pre-mature CHD or ASCVD death among middle-aged adults. The predictive performance of LDL-C also depends on the studied cardiovascular endpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Indu Dhar
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Nutrition, University of Bergen, Klinisk institutt 1, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mitja Lääperi
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Vegard Lysne
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Nutrition, University of Bergen, Klinisk institutt 1, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gehard Sulo
- Centre for Disease Burden, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Zander Kaaesgate 7, 5015 Bergen, Norway
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5020 Bergen, Norway.,Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Zander Kaaes gate 7, 5808 Bergen, Norway
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ottar K Nygård
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Strasse 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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26
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Weichwald S, Candreva A, Burkholz R, Klingenberg R, Räber L, Heg D, Manka R, Gencer B, Mach F, Nanchen D, Rodondi N, Windecker S, Laaksonen R, Hazen SL, von Eckardstein A, Ruschitzka F, Lüscher TF, Buhmann JM, Matter CM. Improving 1-year mortality prediction in ACS patients using machine learning. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2021; 10:855-865. [PMID: 34015112 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score is an established clinical risk stratification tool for patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We developed and internally validated a model for 1-year all-cause mortality prediction in ACS patients. METHODS Between 2009 and 2012, 2'168 ACS patients were enrolled into the Swiss SPUM-ACS Cohort. Biomarkers were determined in 1'892 patients and follow-up was achieved in 95.8% of patients. 1-year all-cause mortality was 4.3% (n = 80). In our analysis we consider all linear models using combinations of 8 out of 56 variables to predict 1-year all-cause mortality and to derive a variable ranking. RESULTS 1.3% of 1'420'494'075 models outperformed the GRACE 2.0 Score. The SPUM-ACS Score includes age, plasma glucose, NT-proBNP, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), Killip class, history of peripheral artery disease (PAD), malignancy, and cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. For predicting 1-year mortality after ACS, the SPUM-ACS Score outperformed the GRACE 2.0 Score which achieves a 5-fold cross-validated AUC of 0.81 (95% CI 0.78-0.84). Ranking individual features according to their importance across all multivariate models revealed age, trimethylamine N-oxide, creatinine, history of PAD or malignancy, LVEF, and haemoglobin as the most relevant variables for predicting 1-year mortality. CONCLUSIONS The variable ranking and the selection for the SPUM-ACS Score highlight the relevance of age, markers of heart failure, and comorbidities for prediction of all-cause death. Before application, this score needs to be externally validated and refined in larger cohorts. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01000701.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Weichwald
- Department of Computer Science, Institute for Machine Learning, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.,Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Candreva
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebekka Burkholz
- Department of Computer Science, Institute for Machine Learning, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Klingenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.,Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Campus of the Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dik Heg
- Clinical Trial Unit, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Manka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Baris Gencer
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Nanchen
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Switzerland.,Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences, Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Cardiology, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim M Buhmann
- Department of Computer Science, Institute for Machine Learning, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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27
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely CH, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Larcher B, Mader A, Maechler M, Sprenger L, Mutschlechner B, Vonbank A, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. COMPARISON OF TWO RECENT CERAMIDE-BASED CORONARY RISK PREDICTION SCORES: CERT AND CERT-2. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(21)02925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Hilvo M, Meikle PJ, Pedersen ER, Tell GS, Dhar I, Brenner H, Schöttker B, Lääperi M, Kauhanen D, Koistinen KM, Jylhä A, Huynh K, Mellett NA, Tonkin AM, Sullivan DR, Simes J, Nestel P, Koenig W, Rothenbacher D, Nygård O, Laaksonen R. Development and validation of a ceramide- and phospholipid-based cardiovascular risk estimation score for coronary artery disease patients. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:371-380. [PMID: 31209498 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Distinct ceramide lipids have been shown to predict the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, especially cardiovascular death. As phospholipids have also been linked with CVD risk, we investigated whether the combination of ceramides with phosphatidylcholines (PCs) would be synergistic in the prediction of CVD events in patients with atherosclerotic coronary heart disease in three independent cohort studies. METHODS AND RESULTS Ceramides and PCs were analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in three studies: WECAC (The Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort) (N = 3789), LIPID (Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease) trial (N = 5991), and KAROLA (Langzeiterfolge der KARdiOLogischen Anschlussheilbehandlung) (N = 1023). A simple risk score, based on the ceramides and PCs showing the best prognostic features, was developed in the WECAC study and validated in the two other cohorts. This score was highly significant in predicting CVD mortality [multiadjusted hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence interval) per standard deviation were 1.44 (1.28-1.63) in WECAC, 1.47 (1.34-1.61) in the LIPID trial, and 1.69 (1.31-2.17) in KAROLA]. In addition, a combination of the risk score with high-sensitivity troponin T increased the HRs to 1.63 (1.44-1.85) and 2.04 (1.57-2.64) in WECAC and KAROLA cohorts, respectively. The C-statistics in WECAC for the risk score combined with sex and age was 0.76 for CVD death. The ceramide-phospholipid risk score showed comparable and synergistic predictive performance with previously published CVD risk models for secondary prevention. CONCLUSION A simple ceramide- and phospholipid-based risk score can efficiently predict residual CVD event risk in patients with coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Eva Ringdal Pedersen
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies veg 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Indu Dhar
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Network Ageing Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Network Ageing Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mitja Lääperi
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | - Antti Jylhä
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia
| | - David R Sullivan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 50 Missenden Road, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Simes
- The NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, 92-94 Parramatta Rd, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Nestel
- Heart Centre, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Lazarettstr. 36, D-80636 Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Lazarettstr. 36, D-80636 Munich, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Helmholtzstr. 22, D-89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dietrich Rothenbacher
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Helmholtzstr. 22, D-89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies veg 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Tietotie 2C, 02150 Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Clinical Biobank Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 12, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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29
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Gencer B, Morrow DA, Braunwald E, Goodrich EL, Hilvo M, Kauhanen D, Sabatine MS, Laaksonen R, O’Donoghue ML. Plasma ceramide and phospholipid-based risk score and the risk of cardiovascular death in patients after acute coronary syndrome. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 29:895-902. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Ceramide (Cer) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids are associated with pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular (CV) diseases. A previously derived and validated plasma Cer-PC risk score (CERT2) was associated with CV death risk in patients with stable disease, but its prognostic value has not been evaluated in patients early post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods and results
Prespecified plasma Cer and PC species of CERT2 risk score were measured in 4871 subjects from SOLID-TIMI 52, which enrolled patients ≤30 days after ACS (median follow-up 2.5 years). The CERT2 score (scale 0–12 points) was calculated as previously defined. The primary outcome was CV death; CV death or heart failure (HF) hospitalization (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and all-cause death were also analysed. Poisson models included baseline characteristics and established biomarkers. Patients with higher CERT2 risk scores were more likely to be older, female, current smokers, presenting with STEMI, and to have impaired renal function and higher LDL-C. After multivariable adjustment, patients in the highest risk score category remained at a nearly two-fold higher risk of CV death (adj relative risk [RR] 1.92, 95% CI 1.01–3.66, P = 0.047). Patients in the highest risk score category were also at higher risk of all-cause death (adj RR 2.01, 95% CI 1.21–3.35, P = 0.007), whereas the relationships with HF, MI, and stroke were attenuated with multivariable adjustment.
Conclusions
A plasma ceramide and phospholipid-based risk score are associated with the risk of CV death independent of established clinical risk factors and biomarkers in patients after ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Gencer
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Morrow
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eugene Braunwald
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erica L Goodrich
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Marc S Sabatine
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Michelle L O’Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely C, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Vonbank A, Larcher B, Mader A, Fraunberger P, Baumgartner I, Dopheide J, Drexel H. Serum ceramides and type 2 diabetes are mutually independent predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely C, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Vonbank A, Larcher B, Mader A, Baumgartner I, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. The ceramide-based coronary event risk test (CERT) predicts cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients with type 2 diabetes as well as in those without diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely C, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Vonbank A, Larcher B, Mader A, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. Serum ceramide ratios predict cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes independently from the presence of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely C, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Vonbank A, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. Comparison of two recent ceramide-based coronary risk prediction scores: CERT and CERT-2. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The Coronary Event Risk Test (CERT) is a validated cardiovascular risk predictor that uses circulating ceramide concentrations to allocate patients into one of four risk categories. This test has recently been updated (CERT-2), now additionally including phosphatidylcholine concentrations.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the power of CERT and CERT-2 to predict cardiovascular mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
We investigated a cohort of 999 patients with established CVD.
Overall, comparing survival curves (figure) for over 12 years of follow up and the predictive power of survival models using net reclassification improvement (NRI), CERT-2 was the best predictor of cardiovascular mortality, surpassing CERT (NRI=0.456; p=0.01) and also the 2019 ESC-SCORE (NRI=0.163; p=0.04). Patients in the highest risk category of CERT as compared to the lowest category had a HR of 3.63 [2.09–6.30] for cardiovascular death; for CERT-2 the corresponding HR was 6.02 [2.47–14.64]. Among patients with T2DM (n=322), the HR for cardiovascular death was 3.00 [1.44–6.23] using CERT and 7.06 [1.64–30.50] using CERT-2; the corresponding HRs among non-diabetic subjects were 2.99 [1.20–7.46] and 3.43 [1.03–11.43], respectively.
We conclude that both, CERT and CERT-2 scores are powerful predictors of cardiovascular mortality in CVD patients, especially in those patients with T2D. Performance is even higher with CERT-2.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leiherer
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - A Muendlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation & Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria
| | - C.H Saely
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | | | | | - A Vonbank
- Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | - H Drexel
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
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34
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Meeusen JW, Donato LJ, Kopecky SL, Vasile VC, Jaffe AS, Laaksonen R. Ceramides improve atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk assessment beyond standard risk factors. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:138-142. [PMID: 33058843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides are bioactive lipids that act as secondary messengers for both intra- and inter-cellular signaling. Elevated plasma concentrations of ceramides are associated with multiple risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and comorbidities including obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, atherosclerotic plaques have been shown to be highly enriched with ceramides. Increases in ceramide content may accelerate atherosclerosis development by promoting LDL infiltration to the endothelium and aggregation within the intima of artery walls. Thus, ceramides appear to play a key role in the development of cardiometabolic disease due to their central location in major metabolic pathways that intersect lipid and glucose metabolism. Recently published data have shown that ceramides are not only of scientific interest but may also have diagnostic value. Their independent prognostic value for future cardiovascular outcomes over and above LDL cholesterol and other traditional risk factors have consistently been shown in numerous clinical studies. Thus, ceramide testing with a mass spectrometer offers a simple, reproducible and cost-effective blood test for risk stratification in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Meeusen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
| | - Leslie J Donato
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Vlad C Vasile
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Allan S Jaffe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Zelnik ID, Volpert G, Viiri LE, Kauhanen D, Arazi T, Aalto-Setälä K, Laaksonen R, Futerman AH. Different rates of flux through the biosynthetic pathway for long-chain versus very-long-chain sphingolipids. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1341-1346. [PMID: 32651186 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The backbone of all sphingolipids (SLs) is a sphingoid long-chain base (LCB) to which a fatty acid is N-acylated. Considerable variability exists in the chain length and degree of saturation of both of these hydrophobic chains, and recent work has implicated ceramides with different LCBs and N-acyl chains in distinct biological processes; moreover, they may play different roles in disease states and possibly even act as prognostic markers. We now demonstrate that the half-life, or turnover rate, of ceramides containing diverse N-acyl chains is different. By means of a pulse-labeling protocol using stable-isotope, deuterated free fatty acids, and following their incorporation into ceramide and downstream SLs, we show that very-long-chain (VLC) ceramides containing C24:0 or C24:1 fatty acids turn over much more rapidly than long-chain (LC) ceramides containing C16:0 or C18:0 fatty acids due to the more rapid metabolism of the former into VLC sphingomyelin and VLC hexosylceramide. In contrast, d16:1 and d18:1 ceramides show similar rates of turnover, indicating that the length of the sphingoid LCB does not influence the flux of ceramides through the biosynthetic pathway. Together, these data demonstrate that the N-acyl chain length of SLs may not only affect membrane biophysical properties but also influence the rate of metabolism of SLs so as to regulate their levels and perhaps their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris D Zelnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Giora Volpert
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leena E Viiri
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere Finland
| | | | - Tamar Arazi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Hilvo M, Wallentin L, Ghukasyan Lakic T, Held C, Kauhanen D, Jylhä A, Lindbäck J, Siegbahn A, Granger CB, Koenig W, Stewart RAH, White H, Laaksonen R. Prediction of Residual Risk by Ceramide-Phospholipid Score in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease on Optimal Medical Therapy. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015258. [PMID: 32375553 PMCID: PMC7660846 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Identification of patients with stable coronary heart disease who are at significant residual risk could be helpful for targeted prevention. Our aim was to determine the prognostic value of the recently introduced ceramide‐ and phospholipid‐based risk score, the Cardiovascular Event Risk Test (CERT2), in patients with stable coronary heart disease on optimal medical therapy and to identify biological processes that contribute to the CERT2 score. Methods and Results Plasma samples (n=11 222) obtained from the STABILITY (Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy) trial were analyzed using a tandem liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method. STABILITY was a trial in patients with stable coronary heart disease randomized to the lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 inhibitor darapladib or placebo on optimized medical therapy at baseline, with a median follow‐up of 3.7 years. Hazard ratios per SD for the CERT2 risk score were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.25–1.39) for major adverse cardiovascular event, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.35–1.59) for cardiovascular death, 1.32 (95% CI, 1.16–1.49) for stroke, 1.23 (95% CI, 1.14–1.33) for myocardial infarction, and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.39–1.76) for hospitalization due to heart failure, when adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. CERT2 showed correlation (P<0.001, r>0.2) with inflammatory markers high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, interleukin 6, the heart failure marker N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. After also adjusting for levels of other prognostic biomarkers, the CERT2 score was still independently related to the risk of cardiovascular death but not to nonfatal events. Conclusions The CERT2 risk score can detect residual risk in patients with stable coronary heart disease and is associated with biomarkers indicating inflammation, myocardial necrosis, myocardial dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and dyslipidemia. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00799903.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Claes Held
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München Technische Universität München München Germany and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry University of Ulm Germany
| | - Ralph A H Stewart
- N Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland New Zealand
| | - Harvey White
- N Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland New Zealand
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy Espoo Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center University of Tampere Finland.,Finnish Clinical Biobank Tampere Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
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Mantovani A, Lunardi G, Bonapace S, Dugo C, Altomari A, Molon G, Conti A, Bovo C, Laaksonen R, Byrne CD, Bonnet F, Targher G. Association between increased plasma ceramides and chronic kidney disease in patients with and without ischemic heart disease. Diabetes Metab 2020; 47:101152. [PMID: 32283179 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Plasma levels of certain ceramides are increased in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Many risk factors for IHD are also risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD), but it is currently uncertain whether plasma ceramide levels are increased in patients with CKD. METHODS We measured six previously identified high-risk plasma ceramide concentrations [Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/20:0), Cer(d18:1/22:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1)] in 415 middle-aged individuals who attended our clinical Cardiology and Diabetes services over a period of 9 months. RESULTS A total of 97 patients had CKD (defined as e-GFRCKD-EPI<60ml/min/1.73m2 and/or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio≥30mg/g), 117 had established IHD and 242 had type 2 diabetes. Patients with CKD had significantly (P=0.005 or less) higher levels of plasma Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/20:0), Cer(d18:1/22:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0), and Cer(d18:1/24:1) compared to those without CKD. The presence of CKD remained significantly associated with higher levels of plasma ceramides (standardized beta coefficients ranging from 0.124 to 0.227, P<0.001) even after adjustment for body mass index, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, prior IHD, plasma LDL-cholesterol, hs-C-reactive protein levels and use of any lipid-lowering medications. Notably, more advanced stages of CKD and abnormal albuminuria were both associated (independently of each other) with increased levels of plasma ceramides. These results were consistent in all subgroups considered, including patients with and without established IHD or those with and without diabetes. CONCLUSION Increased levels of plasma ceramides are associated with CKD independently of pre-existing IHD, diabetes and other established cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mantovani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - G Lunardi
- Medical Analysis Laboratory, "IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria" Hospital, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - S Bonapace
- Division of Cardiology, "IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria" Hospital, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - C Dugo
- Division of Cardiology, "IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria" Hospital, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - A Altomari
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - G Molon
- Division of Cardiology, "IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria" Hospital, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - A Conti
- Medical Analysis Laboratory, "IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria" Hospital, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - C Bovo
- Medical Direction, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - R Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - C D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK; Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - F Bonnet
- University Hospital of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, CHU, Rennes, France
| | - G Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
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Mishra BH, Mishra PP, Mononen N, Hilvo M, Sievänen H, Juonala M, Laaksonen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Viikari J, Kähönen M, Raitakari OT, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. Lipidomic architecture shared by subclinical markers of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Bone 2020; 131:115160. [PMID: 31759205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are comorbid conditions sharing common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. Understanding these is crucial in order to develop shared methods for risk stratification, prevention, diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to apply a system-level bioinformatics approach to lipidome-wide data in order to pinpoint the lipidomic architecture jointly associated with surrogate markers of these complex comorbid diseases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study was based on the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study cohort from the 2007 follow-up (n = 1494, aged 30-45 years, women: 57%). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyse the serum lipidome, involving 437 molecular lipid species. The subclinical osteoporotic markers included indices of bone mineral density and content, measured using peripheral quantitative computer tomography from the distal and shaft sites of both the tibia and the radius. The subclinical atherosclerotic markers included carotid and bulbus intima media thickness measured with high-resolution ultrasound. Weighted co-expression network analysis was performed to identify networks of densely interconnected lipid species (i.e. lipid modules) associated with subclinical markers of both osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. The levels of lipid species (lipid profiles) of each of the lipid modules were summarized by the first principal component termed as module eigenlipid. Then, Pearson's correlation (r) was calculated between the module eigenlipids and the markers. Lipid modules that were significantly and jointly correlated with subclinical markers of both osteoporosis and atherosclerosis were considered to be related to the comorbidities. The hypothesis that the eigenlipids and profiles of the constituent lipid species in the modules have joint effects on the markers was tested with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS Among twelve studied molecular lipid modules, we identified one module with 105 lipid species significantly and jointly associated with both subclinical markers of both osteoporosis (r = 0.24, p-value = 2 × 10-20) and atherosclerosis (r = 0.16, p-value = 2 × 10-10). The majority of the lipid species in this module belonged to the glycerolipid (n = 60), glycerophospholipid (n = 13) and sphingolipid (n = 29) classes. The module was also enriched with ceramides (n = 20), confirming their significance in cardiovascular outcomes and suggesting their joint role in the comorbidities. The top three of the 37 statistically significant (adjusted p-value < 0.05) lipid species jointly associated with subclinical markers of both osteoporosis and atherosclerosis within the module were all triacylglycerols (TAGs) - TAG(18:0/18:0/18:1) with an adjusted p-value of 8.6 × 10-8, TAG(18:0/18:1/18:1) with an adjusted p-value of 3.7 × 10-6, and TAG(16:0/18:0/18:1) with an adjusted p-value of 8.5 × 10-6. CONCLUSION This study identified a novel lipid module associated with both surrogate markers of both subclinical osteoporosis and subclinical atherosclerosis. Alterations in the metabolism of the identified lipid module and, more specifically, the TAG related molecular lipids within the module may provide potential new biomarkers for testing the comorbidities, opening avenues for the emergence of dual-purpose prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binisha H Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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39
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Hilvo M, Vasile VC, Donato LJ, Hurme R, Laaksonen R. Ceramides and Ceramide Scores: Clinical Applications for Cardiometabolic Risk Stratification. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:570628. [PMID: 33133018 PMCID: PMC7550651 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.570628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are bioactive lipids that have an important role in many cellular functions such as apoptosis and inflammation. During the past decade emerging clinical data have shown that ceramides are not only of great biochemical interest but may also have diagnostic utility. Ceramides have shown independent predictive value for negative cardiovascular outcomes as well as for the onset of type 2 diabetes. Based on abundant published data, risk score using the concentrations of circulating ceramides have been developed and adapted for routine clinical practice. Currently serum ceramides are used clinically as efficient risk stratifiers for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). A direct cause-effect relationship between CVD and ceramide has not been established to date. As ceramide-specific medications are being developed, conventional strategies such as lipid lowering agents and lifestyle interventions can be used to reduce overall risk. Ceramides can identify a very high-risk coronary heart disease category of patients in need for more intense medical attention, specifically those patients at higher risk as highlighted in the 2019 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for stable chronic coronary syndrome patients. In addition, the ceramide risk score may be used as a decision-making tool in primary prevention patients with moderate CVD risk. Finally, the ceramide risk score may have a unique utility as a motivational tool to increase patient's adherence to medical therapy and lifestyle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vlad C. Vasile
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Leslie J. Donato
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- *Correspondence: Reijo Laaksonen
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40
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Ruuth M, Nguyen SD, Vihervaara T, Hilvo M, Laajala TD, Kondadi PK, Gisterå A, Lähteenmäki H, Kittilä T, Huusko J, Uusitupa M, Schwab U, Savolainen MJ, Sinisalo J, Lokki ML, Nieminen MS, Jula A, Perola M, Ylä-Herttula S, Rudel L, Öörni A, Baumann M, Baruch A, Laaksonen R, Ketelhuth DFJ, Aittokallio T, Jauhiainen M, Käkelä R, Borén J, Williams KJ, Kovanen PT, Öörni K. Susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein particles to aggregate depends on particle lipidome, is modifiable, and associates with future cardiovascular deaths. Eur Heart J 2019; 39:2562-2573. [PMID: 29982602 PMCID: PMC6047440 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) through their retention, modification, and accumulation within the arterial intima. High plasma concentrations of LDL drive this disease, but LDL quality may also contribute. Here, we focused on the intrinsic propensity of LDL to aggregate upon modification. We examined whether inter-individual differences in this quality are linked with LDL lipid composition and coronary artery disease (CAD) death, and basic mechanisms for plaque growth and destabilization. Methods and results We developed a novel, reproducible method to assess the susceptibility of LDL particles to aggregate during lipolysis induced ex vivo by human recombinant secretory sphingomyelinase. Among patients with an established CAD, we found that the presence of aggregation-prone LDL was predictive of future cardiovascular deaths, independently of conventional risk factors. Aggregation-prone LDL contained more sphingolipids and less phosphatidylcholines than did aggregation-resistant LDL. Three interventions in animal models to rationally alter LDL composition lowered its susceptibility to aggregate and slowed atherosclerosis. Similar compositional changes induced in humans by PCSK9 inhibition or healthy diet also lowered LDL aggregation susceptibility. Aggregated LDL in vitro activated macrophages and T cells, two key cell types involved in plaque progression and rupture. Conclusion Our results identify the susceptibility of LDL to aggregate as a novel measurable and modifiable factor in the progression of human ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Ruuth
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Su Duy Nguyen
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mika Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences, Biologinkuja 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Teemu D Laajala
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, P.O. Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20014 University of Turku, Finland
| | - Pradeep Kumar Kondadi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SU Sahlgrenska, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anton Gisterå
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Solna 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiia Kittilä
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Huusko
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, P.O. Box 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, P.O. Box 8000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Lokki
- Transplantation Laboratory, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku S Nieminen
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttula
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.,Heart Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, P.O. Box 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lawrence Rudel
- Department of Biochemistry Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anssi Öörni
- Information Systems, Åbo Akademi University, Fänriksgatan 3A, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Marc Baumann
- Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amos Baruch
- Genentech Research and Early Development, 1 DNA Way Mailstop 258A, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences, Biologinkuja 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Kalevantie 4, 33100 Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Clinical Biobank Tampere, University Hospital of Tampere, Arvo Ylpön katu 6, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniel F J Ketelhuth
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Solna 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, P.O. Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20014 University of Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland.,Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit, Helsinki Institute for Life Science (HiLIFE), Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SU Sahlgrenska, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kevin Jon Williams
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SU Sahlgrenska, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petri T Kovanen
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katariina Öörni
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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41
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Busnelli M, Manzini S, Bonacina F, Soldati S, Barbieri SS, Amadio P, Sandrini L, Arnaboldi F, Donetti E, Laaksonen R, Paltrinieri S, Scanziani E, Chiesa G. Fenretinide treatment accelerates atherosclerosis development in apoE-deficient mice in spite of beneficial metabolic effects. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:328-345. [PMID: 31621898 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Fenretinide, a synthetic retinoid derivative first investigated for cancer prevention and treatment, has been shown to ameliorate glucose tolerance, improve plasma lipid profile and reduce body fat mass. These effects, together with its ability to inhibit ceramide synthesis, suggest that fenretinide may have an anti-atherosclerotic action. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH To this aim, nine-week-old apoE-knockout (EKO) female mice were fed for twelve weeks a Western diet, without (control) or with (0.1% w/w) fenretinide. As a reference, wild-type (WT) mice were treated similarly. Growth and metabolic parameters were monitored throughout the study. Atherosclerosis development was evaluated in the aorta and at the aortic sinus. Blood and lymphoid organs were further characterized with thorough cytological/histological and immunocytofluorimetric analyses. KEY RESULTS Fenretinide treatment significantly lowered body weight, glucose levels and plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids. In the liver, fenretinide remarkably reduced hepatic glycogenosis and steatosis driven by the Western diet. Treated spleens were abnormally enlarged, with severe follicular atrophy and massive extramedullary haematopoiesis. Severe renal hemosiderin deposition was observed in treated EKO mice. Treatment resulted in a threefold increase of total leukocytes (WT and EKO) and raised the activated/resting monocyte ratio in EKO mice. Finally, atherosclerosis development was markedly increased at the aortic arch, thoracic and abdominal aorta of fenretinide-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We provide the first evidence that, despite beneficial metabolic effects, fenretinide treatment may enhance the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Busnelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Manzini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bonacina
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Soldati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Leonardo Sandrini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Arnaboldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Donetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saverio Paltrinieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione UniMi, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Laaksonen R, Hilvo M, Kauhanen D, Lakic TG, Lindback J, Held C, Granger CB, Koenig W, Stewart RAH, White HD, Siegbahn A, Wallentin L. P3640Association of ceramide and phospholipid levels and cardiovascular events in stable coronary heart disease: findings from the STABILITY Biomarkers substudy. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Both levels of protein and lipid biomarkers have been found associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). There are few large-scale studies comparing the prognostic value of and interactions between these two groups of biomarkers in CHD.
Methods
In the 15,828 CHD patients included in the STABILITY trial 10,205 provided plasma samples at baseline allowing measurements of distinct ceramide and phospholipid species by mass spectrometry and markers of cardiac dysfunction (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]), high sensitivity cardiac troponin-T [cTnT-hs]), renal dysfunction (cystatin-C), oxidative stress (growth differentiation factor 15 [GDF-15]) by electro-immunoassays. During 3.7 years median follow-up, 1291 CVD, MI, and stroke events occurred. A previously developed ceramide and phospholipid species based risk score (CERT) and its associations to outcomes before and after adjustment were evaluated by Cox-regression models.
Results
The CERT model was significantly associated to all cardiovascular outcomes before and after adjustment for clinical characteristics and routine laboratory tests. However, the associations were attenuated after adjustment for other prognostic biomarkers. The data are summarized in Table 1 below.
Table 1. HR per 1 SD increase in CERT HR (95% CI) p-value MACE Model 1 1.30 (1.24–1.37) <0.0001 Model 2 1.23 (1.16–1.31) <0.0001 Model 3 1.08 (1.02–1.15) 0.0120 CVD Death Model 1 1.57 (1.45–1.69) <0.0001 Model 2 1.38 (1.26–1.50) <0.0001 Model 3 1.14 (1.04–1.26) 0.0052 MACE = CVD death, stroke and MI. Model 1 includes score and randomized treatment. Model 2 includes score, randomized treatment, age, gender, and prior (MI, coronary revas., multivessel CHD), B/L diabetes, hypertension, history of smoking, PVD, region, B/L systolic BP, B/L BMI, HB, WBC, CKD-EPI, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG. Model 3 includes the following covariates in addition to Model 2: TnT-hs, proBNP, Cystatin-C, CRP-hs and IL-6.
Conclusion
A ceramide/phospholipids based risk score is associated with the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in patients with stable CHD. The score is attenuated by adjustment for biomarkers indicating cardiorenal dysfunction and inflammatory activity and may be related to underlying mechanisms for adverse outcomes in stable CHD.
Acknowledgement/Funding
The original STABILITY study was funded by GlaxoSmithKline
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Hilvo
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | | | - C Held
- Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C B Granger
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States of America
| | - W Koenig
- German Heart Center of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - H D White
- The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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43
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely CH, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Vonbank A, Larcher B, Mader A, Baumgartner I, Fraunberger P, Drexel H. P4992The ceramide-based Coronary Event Risk Test (CERT) predicts cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as in those without diabetes. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The recently introduced Coronary Event Risk Test (CERT) is a validated cardiovascular risk predictor that uses circulating ceramide concentrations to allocate patients into one of four risk categories.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the power of CERT to predict cardiovascular mortality in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) including patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods
We investigated a total of 1087 patients with established CVD, including 360 patients with T2DM.
At baseline, the prevalence of T2DM increased through CERT categories (29.1, 31.1, 37.4, and 53.4%, respectively, ptrend<0.001). Prospectively, cardiovascular deaths were recorded during a mean follow-up time of 8.1±3.2 years.
Results
A total of 130 cardiovascular deaths occurred. Overall, cardiovascular mortality increased with increasing CERT categories (figure) and was higher in T2DM patients than in those who did not have diabetes (17.7 vs. 9.4%; p<0.001). In Cox regression models, CERT categories predicted cardiovascular mortality in patients with T2DM (unadjusted HR 1.60 [1.28–2.01]; p<0.001; HR adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and statin use 1.65 [1.27–2.15]; p<0.001) and in those without diabetes (unadjusted HR 1.43 [1.10–1.85]; p=0.008 and adjusted HR 1.41 [1.07–1.85]; p=0.015).
Cardiovascular survival of CVD patients
Conclusion
We conclude that CERT predicts cardiovascular mortality in CVD patients with T2DM as well as in those without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C H Saely
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | | | | | - A Vonbank
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine I, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - B Larcher
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine I, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - A Mader
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine I, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - I Baumgartner
- Swiss Cardiovacular Center; University Hospital, Division of Angiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - H Drexel
- Swiss Cardiovacular Center; University Hospital, Division of Angiology, Bern, Switzerland
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44
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Leiherer A, Muendlein A, Saely CH, Laaksonen R, Laaperi M, Vonbank A, Larcher B, Mader A, Fraunberger P, Dopheide JF, Baumgartner I, Drexel H. P4497Serum ceramides and type 2 diabetes are mutually independent predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ceramides are enriched in atherosclerotic plaques, and a set of circulating ceramides including Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/24:1), and Cer(d18:1/24:0) has recently emerged as predictors of cardiovascular outcomes in coronary artery disease patients.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate their power to predict cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).
Methods
We measured the serum concentrations of the above mentioned ceramides in a cohort of 380 patients with sonographically proven PAD, of whom 107 had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Prospectively, we recorded 221 cardiovascular events over a mean follow-up time of 6.3±2.3 years.
Results
Cardiovascular event risk was higher in T2DM patients than in those who did not have diabetes (69 vs. 52%, p=0.001). The ceramides Cer(18:1/16:0) and Cer(18:1/24:1) and the respective ratios Cer(18:1/16:0) / Cer(18:1/24:0) and Cer(18:1/24:1) / Cer(18:1/24:0) were significant predictors of cardiovascular events both univariately and after multivariate adjustment including the presence of T2DM (figure). Conversely, T2DM predicted cardiovascular events independently from the investigated ceramides (adjusted HR 1.76 [1.31–2.35], p<0.001).
Conclusion
We conclude that the investigated ceramides and T2DM are mutually independent predictors of cardiovascular events in PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C H Saely
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | | | | | - A Vonbank
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine I, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - B Larcher
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine I, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - A Mader
- Academic Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine I, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | - J F Dopheide
- Swiss Cardiovacular Center; University Hospital, Division of Angiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - I Baumgartner
- Swiss Cardiovacular Center; University Hospital, Division of Angiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - H Drexel
- Swiss Cardiovacular Center; University Hospital, Division of Angiology, Bern, Switzerland
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45
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Karjalainen JP, Mononen N, Hutri-Kähönen N, Lehtimäki M, Hilvo M, Kauhanen D, Juonala M, Viikari J, Kähönen M, Raitakari O, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. New evidence from plasma ceramides links apoE polymorphism to greater risk of coronary artery disease in Finnish adults. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1622-1629. [PMID: 31270131 PMCID: PMC6718445 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m092809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
apoE, a key regulator of plasma lipids, mediates altered functionalities in lipoprotein metabolism and thus affects the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). The significance of different apoE polymorphisms remains unclear; although the ε4 allele is clearly associated with increased cholesterol levels (which inform CAD risk), direct studies about apoE polymorphisms on CAD risk and development have yielded controversial results. Furthermore, certain species of ceramides-complex lipids abundant in plasma LDL-are markers of increased risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Using a high-throughput MS approach, we quantified 30 molecular plasma ceramide species from a cohort of 2,160 apoE-genotyped (rs7412, rs429358) young adults enrolled in the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. We then searched this lipidome data set to identify new indications of pathways influenced by apoE polymorphisms and possibly related to CAD risk. This approach revealed a previously unreported association between apoE polymorphism and a consistently documented high-risk CAD marker, Cer(d18:1/16:0). Compared with the apoE ε3/3 reference group, plasma levels of apoE ε4 were elevated and those of apoE ε2 were lowered in all subjects without evidence of apoE-by-sex interactions. apoE associated with seven ceramides that are connected to atherogenically potent macrophages and/or lipoprotein particles; these associations could indicate a plausible linkage between apoE polymorphism and ceramide metabolism, leading to adverse plasma LDL metabolism and atherogenesis. In conclusion, new evidence from plasma ceramides links apoE polymorphism with an increased risk of CAD and extends our understanding of the role of apoE in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho-Pekka Karjalainen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Miikael Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, and Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy Espoo, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Finnish Clinical Biobank, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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46
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Alexanova A, Viiri L, Laaksonen R, Kiamehr M, Aalto-Setälä K. Modeling Lipid Metabolism Of Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Hepatocytes. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Mantovani A, Bonapace S, Lunardi G, Salgarello M, Dugo C, Gori S, Barbieri E, Verlato G, Laaksonen R, Byrne CD, Targher G. Association of Plasma Ceramides With Myocardial Perfusion in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Stress Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2854-2861. [PMID: 30571175 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- It is known that specific plasma ceramides are associated with stress-induced reversible myocardial perfusion defects in patients with established or suspected coronary artery disease undergoing myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS). However, it is currently uncertain whether plasma ceramides are also associated with reduced poststress myocardial perfusion in these patients. Approach and Results- We measured 6 previously identified high-risk plasma ceramide species (ceramide [d18:1/16:0], ceramide [d18:1/18:0], ceramide [d18:1/20:0], ceramide [d18:1/22:0], ceramide [d18:1/24:0], and ceramide [d18:1/24:1]) in 167 consecutive patients with established or suspected coronary artery disease undergoing stress MPS for clinical indications. Plasma ceramides were measured by a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay both at baseline and after MPS. Multivariable linear regression analysis was undertaken to examine the associations (standardized B coefficients) between plasma ceramides and the percentage of poststress myocardial perfusion after adjustment for multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Seventy-eight patients had stress-induced myocardial ischemia on MPS (mainly located in the anteroapical wall). Of the 6 measured plasma ceramides, higher levels of basal ceramide (d18:1/18:0; B=-0.182; P=0.019), ceramide (d18:1/20:0; B=-0.224; P=0.004), ceramide (d18:1/22:0; B=-0.163; P=0.035), and ceramide (d18:1/24:1; B=-0.20; P=0.010) were associated with lower poststress anteroapical wall perfusion. Notably, these significant associations persisted even after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, previous coronary artery disease, electrocardiographic left bundle branch block, left ventricular ejection fraction and type of stress testing. Similar results were observed for poststress plasma ceramides. Conclusions- Higher circulating levels of specific ceramides, both at baseline and after stress, were independently associated with lower poststress anteroapical wall perfusion in patients with suspected or established coronary artery disease referred for clinically indicated MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mantovani
- From the Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Italy (A.M., G.T.)
| | - Stefano Bonapace
- Division of Cardiology (S.B., C.D., E.B.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lunardi
- Division of Medical Oncology (G.L., S.G.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Matteo Salgarello
- Division of Nuclear Medicine (M.S.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Clementina Dugo
- Division of Cardiology (S.B., C.D., E.B.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Stefania Gori
- Division of Medical Oncology (G.L., S.G.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Enrico Barbieri
- Division of Cardiology (S.B., C.D., E.B.), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Verlato
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy (G.V.)
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (R.L.).,Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland (R.L.)
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, United Kingdom (C.D.B.).,Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Southampton, United Kingdom (C.D.B.)
| | - Giovanni Targher
- From the Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Italy (A.M., G.T.)
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48
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de Boer S, Baran Y, Garcia-Garcia HM, Eskin I, Lenzen MJ, Kleber ME, Regar E, de Jaegere PJ, Ligthart JM, van Geuns RJ, Lehtimäki T, Laaksonen R, Boersma E, Marz W, Halperin E, Serruys PW, Koenig W. The European Collaborative Project on Inflammation and Vascular Wall Remodeling in Atherosclerosis - Intravascular Ultrasound (ATHEROREMO-IVUS) study. EUROINTERVENTION 2019; 14:194-203. [PMID: 28943493 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-17-00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The European Collaborative Project on Inflammation and Vascular Wall Remodeling in Atherosclerosis - Intravascular Ultrasound (ATHEROREMO-IVUS) study was designed as an exploratory clinical study in order to investigate the associations between genetic variation, coronary atherosclerosis phenotypes, and plaque vulnerability as determined by IVUS. METHODS AND RESULTS The ATHEROREMO-IVUS study was a prospective, observational study of 581 patients with stable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who were referred for coronary angiography to the Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, enriched with 265 IBIS-2 participants (total population, n=846). Prior to catheterisation, blood samples were drawn for genetic analyses. During the catheterisation procedure, IVUS was performed in a non-culprit coronary artery. The primary endpoint was the presence of vulnerable plaque as determined by IVUS virtual histology (VH). In addition, we performed a genome-wide association study of plaque morphology. We observed strong signals associated with plaque morphology in several chromosomal regions: twelve SNPs (rs17300022, rs6904106, rs17177818, rs2248165, rs2477539, rs16865681, rs2396058, rs4753663, rs4082252, rs6932, rs12862206, rs6780676) in or near eight different genes (GNA12, NMBR, SFMBT2, CUL3, SESN3, SLC22A25, EFBN2, SEC62) were most significant. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we found twelve SNPs in or in the proximity of eight genes, which were possibly associated with markers of vulnerable plaque. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01789411.
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49
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Mononen N, Lyytikäinen LP, Seppälä I, Mishra PP, Juonala M, Waldenberger M, Klopp N, Illig T, Leiviskä J, Loo BM, Laaksonen R, Oksala N, Kähönen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Raitakari O, Lehtimäki T, Raitoharju E. Whole blood microRNA levels associate with glycemic status and correlate with target mRNAs in pathways important to type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8887. [PMID: 31222113 PMCID: PMC6586838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the associations between whole blood microRNA profiles and the indices of glucose metabolism and impaired fasting glucose and examined whether the discovered microRNAs correlate with the expression of their mRNA targets. MicroRNA and gene expression profiling were performed for the Young Finns Study participants (n = 871). Glucose, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured, the insulin resistance index (HOMA2-IR) was calculated, and the glycemic status (normoglycemic [n = 534]/impaired fasting glucose [IFG] [n = 252]/type 2 diabetes [T2D] [n = 24]) determined. Levels of hsa-miR-144-5p, -122-5p, -148a-3p, -589-5p, and hsa-let-7a-5p associated with glycemic status. hsa-miR-144-5p and -148a-3p associated with glucose levels, while hsa-miR-144-5p, -122-5p, -184, and -339-3p associated with insulin levels and HOMA2-IR, and hsa-miR-148a-3p, -15b-3p, -93-3p, -146b-5p, -221-3p, -18a-3p, -642a-5p, and -181-2-3p associated with HbA1c levels. The targets of hsa-miR-146b-5p that correlated with its levels were enriched in inflammatory pathways, and the targets of hsa-miR-221-3p were enriched in insulin signaling and T2D pathways. These pathways showed indications of co-regulation by HbA1c-associated miRNAs. There were significant differences in the microRNA profiles associated with glucose, insulin, or HOMA-IR compared to those associated with HbA1c. The HbA1c-associated miRNAs also correlated with the expression of target mRNAs in pathways important to the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Norman Klopp
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jaana Leiviskä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Britt-Marie Loo
- Joint Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of the University of Turku and Turku University Central Hospital and Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niku Oksala
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Centre for Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre for Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Fimlab Laboratories, and the Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Kiamehr M, Heiskanen L, Laufer T, Düsterloh A, Kahraman M, Käkelä R, Laaksonen R, Aalto-Setälä K. Dedifferentiation of Primary Hepatocytes is Accompanied with Reorganization of Lipid Metabolism Indicated by Altered Molecular Lipid and miRNA Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122910. [PMID: 31207892 PMCID: PMC6627955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) undergo dedifferentiation upon the two-dimensional (2D) culture, which particularly hinders their utility in long-term in vitro studies. Lipids, as a major class of biomolecules, play crucial roles in cellular energy storage, structure, and signaling. Here, for the first time, we mapped the alterations in the lipid profile of the dedifferentiating PHHs and studied the possible role of lipids in the loss of the phenotype of PHHs. Simultaneously, differentially expressed miRNAs associated with changes in the lipids and fatty acids (FAs) of the dedifferentiating PHHs were investigated. Methods: PHHs were cultured in monolayer and their phenotype was monitored morphologically, genetically, and biochemically for five days. The lipid and miRNA profile of the PHHs were analyzed by mass spectrometry and Agilent microarray, respectively. In addition, 24 key genes involved in the metabolism of lipids and FAs were investigated by qPCR. Results: The typical morphology of PHHs was lost from day 3 onward. Additionally, ALB and CYP genes were downregulated in the cultured PHHs. Lipidomics revealed a clear increase in the saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) containing lipids, but a decrease in the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) containing lipids during the dedifferentiation of PHHs. In line with this, FASN, SCD, ELOVL1, ELOVL3, and ELOVL7 were upregulated but ELOVL2 was downregulated in the dedifferentiated PHHs. Furthermore, differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, and the constantly upregulated miR-27a and miR-21, and downregulated miR-30 may have regulated the synthesis, accumulation and secretion of PHH lipids during the dedifferentiation. Conclusion: Our results showed major alterations in the molecular lipid species profiles, lipid-metabolizing enzyme expression as wells as miRNA profiles of the PHHs during their prolonged culture, which in concert could play important roles in the PHHs’ loss of phenotype. These findings promote the understanding from the dedifferentiation process and could help in developing optimal culture conditions, which better meet the needs of the PHHs and support their original phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Kiamehr
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | | | - Thomas Laufer
- Hummingbird Diagnostics GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | | | - Mustafa Kahraman
- Hummingbird Diagnostics GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit, Helsinki Institute for Life Science (HiLIFE) and Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
- Zora Biosciences, 02150 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
- Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
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