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Kovacs B, Giannopoulos AA, Bogun F, Pazhenkottil AP, Bonetti NR, Manka R, Medeiros-Domingo A, Gruner C, Schmidt D, Flammer AJ, Ruschitzka F, Duru F, Kaufmann PA, Buechel RR, Saguner AM. Sustained Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias are Associated With Increased 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake Mimicking Cardiac Sarcoidosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 17:e016316. [PMID: 38456290 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.016316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Boldizsar Kovacs
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (B.K., F.B.)
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas A Giannopoulos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (A.A.G., A.P.P., P.A.K., R.R.B.)
| | - Frank Bogun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (B.K., F.B.)
| | - Aju P Pazhenkottil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (A.A.G., A.P.P., P.A.K., R.R.B.)
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Manka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (R.M.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.M.)
| | - Argelia Medeiros-Domingo
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss DNAlysis, Dübendorf, Switzerland (A.M.-D.)
| | - Christiane Gruner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dörthe Schmidt
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas J Flammer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (F.R., F.D.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC) (B.K., N.R.B., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (F.R., F.D.), University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp A Kaufmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (A.A.G., A.P.P., P.A.K., R.R.B.)
| | - Ronny R Buechel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (A.A.G., A.P.P., P.A.K., R.R.B.)
| | - Ardan M Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center (B.K., N.R.B., R.M., C.G., D.S., A.J.F., F.R., F.D., A.M.S.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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Bonetti NR, Jouppila AS, Saeedi Saravi SS, Cooley BC, Pasterk L, Liberale LL, Gobbato S, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Lassila RP, Beer JH. Intravenously administered APAC, a dual AntiPlatelet AntiCoagulant, targets arterial injury site to inhibit platelet thrombus formation and tissue factor activity in mice. Thromb Res 2023; 228:163-171. [PMID: 37331119 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arterial thrombosis is the main underlying mechanism of acute atherothrombosis. Combined antiplatelet and anticoagulant regimens prevent thrombosis but increase bleeding rates. Mast cell-derived heparin proteoglycans have local antithrombotic properties, and their semisynthetic dual AntiPlatelet and AntiCoagulant (APAC) mimetic may provide a new efficacious and safe tool for arterial thrombosis. We investigated the in vivo impact of intravenous APAC (0.3-0.5 mg/kg; doses chosen according to pharmacokinetic studies) in two mouse models of arterial thrombosis and the in vitro actions in mouse platelets and plasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet function and coagulation were studied with light transmission aggregometry and clotting times. Carotid arterial thrombosis was induced either by photochemical injury or surgically exposing vascular collagen after infusion of APAC, UFH or vehicle. Time to occlusion, targeting of APAC to the vascular injury site and platelet deposition on these sites were assessed by intra-vital imaging. Tissue factor activity (TF) of the carotid artery and in plasma was captured. RESULTS APAC inhibited platelet responsiveness to agonist stimulation (collagen and ADP) and prolonged APTT and thrombin time. After photochemical carotid injury, APAC-treatment prolonged times to occlusion in comparison with UFH or vehicle, and decreased TF both in carotid lysates and plasma. Upon binding from circulation to vascular collagen-exposing injury sites, APAC reduced the in situ platelet deposition. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous APAC targets arterial injury sites to exert local dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant actions and attenuates thrombosis upon carotid injuries in mice. Systemic APAC provides local efficacy, highlighting APAC as a novel antithrombotic to reduce cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Switzerland
| | - Annukka S Jouppila
- Helsinki University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brian C Cooley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Animal Surgery Core Lab, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lisa Pasterk
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Luca L Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Gobbato
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Trusts and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Riitta P Lassila
- Coagulation Disorders Unit, University of Helsinki and Departments of Hematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University, Faculty of Medicine, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Helsinki, Finland; Aplagon Ltd., Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Switzerland
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Baumgartner P, Reiner MF, Wiencierz A, Coslovsky M, Bonetti NR, Filipovic MG, Aeschbacher S, Kühne M, Zuern CS, Rodondi N, Oberle J, Moschovitis G, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Osswald S, Conen D, Beer JH. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Heart Rhythm, Rate, and Variability in Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc 2023:e027646. [PMID: 37259986 PMCID: PMC10381984 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous randomized control trials showed mixed results concerning the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) on atrial fibrillation (AF). The associations of n-3 FA blood levels with heart rhythm in patients with established AF are unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the associations of total and individual n-3 FA blood levels with AF type (paroxysmal versus nonparoxysmal), heart rate (HR), and HR variability in patients with AF. Methods and Results Total n-3 FAs, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid blood levels were determined in 1969 patients with known AF from the SWISS-AF (Swiss Atrial Fibrillation cohort). Individual and total n-3 FAs were correlated with type of AF, HR, and HR variability using standard logistic and linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders. Only a mild association with nonparoxysmal AF was found with total n-3 FA (odds ratio [OR], 0.97 [95% CI, 0.89-1.05]) and docosahexaenoic acid (OR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.82-1.06]), whereas other individual n-3 FAs showed no association with nonparoxysmal AF. Higher total n-3 FAs (estimate 0.99 [95% CI, 0.98-1.00]) and higher docosahexaenoic acid (0.99 [95% CI, 0.97-1.00]) tended to be associated with slower HR in multivariate analysis. Docosapentaenoic acid was associated with a lower HR variability triangular index (0.94 [95% CI, 0.89-0.99]). Conclusions We found no strong evidence for an association of n-3 FA blood levels with AF type, but higher total n-3 FA levels and docosahexaenoic acid might correlate with lower HR, and docosapentaenoic acid with a lower HR variability triangular index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Baumgartner
- Department of Internal Medicine Cantonal Hospital of Baden Baden Switzerland
| | - Martin F Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine Cantonal Hospital of Baden Baden Switzerland
| | - Andrea Wiencierz
- Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Michael Coslovsky
- Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Department of Internal Medicine Cantonal Hospital of Baden Baden Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research University of Zurich Schlieren Switzerland
| | - Mark G Filipovic
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Aeschbacher
- Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Michael Kühne
- Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Christine S Zuern
- Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine Bern University Hospital, University of Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM) University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Jolanda Oberle
- Department of General Internal Medicine Bern University Hospital, University of Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM) University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Moschovitis
- Division of Cardiology, Ende Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC) Ospedale Regionale di Lugano Lugano Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals London UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London UK
- Center for Molecular Cardiology University of Zurich Schlieren Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology University of Zurich Schlieren Switzerland
| | - Stefan Osswald
- Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - David Conen
- Population Health Research Institute McMaster University Hamilton Canada
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Department of Internal Medicine Cantonal Hospital of Baden Baden Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research University of Zurich Schlieren Switzerland
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4
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Liberale L, Puspitasari YM, Ministrini S, Akhmedov A, Kraler S, Bonetti NR, Beer G, Vukolic A, Bongiovanni D, Han J, Kirmes K, Bernlochner I, Pelisek J, Beer JH, Jin ZG, Pedicino D, Liuzzo G, Stellos K, Montecucco F, Crea F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis through PI3K/Akt modulation: a translational study. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1818-1833. [PMID: 36469488 PMCID: PMC10200023 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Variants of the junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) locus associate with acute coronary syndromes. JCAD promotes experimental atherosclerosis through the large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2)/Hippo pathway. This study investigates the role of JCAD in arterial thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS JCAD knockout (Jcad-/-) mice underwent photochemically induced endothelial injury to trigger arterial thrombosis. Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) treated with JCAD small interfering RNA (siJCAD), LATS2 small interfering RNA (siLATS2) or control siRNA (siSCR) were employed for in vitro assays. Plasma JCAD was measured in patients with chronic coronary syndrome or ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Jcad-/- mice displayed reduced thrombogenicity as reflected by delayed time to carotid occlusion. Mechanisms include reduced activation of the coagulation cascade [reduced tissue factor (TF) expression and activity] and increased fibrinolysis [higher thrombus embolization episodes and D-dimer levels, reduced vascular plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 expression]. In vitro, JCAD silencing inhibited TF and PAI-1 expression in HAECs. JCAD-silenced HAECs (siJCAD) displayed increased levels of LATS2 kinase. Yet, double JCAD and LATS2 silencing did not restore the control phenotype. si-JCAD HAECs showed increased levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/ proteinkinase B (Akt) activation, known to downregulate procoagulant expression. The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor-wortmannin-prevented the effect of JCAD silencing on TF and PAI-1, indicating a causative role. Also, co-immunoprecipitation unveiled a direct interaction between JCAD and Akt. Confirming in vitro findings, PI3K/Akt and P-yes-associated protein levels were higher in Jcad-/- animals. Lastly, as compared with chronic coronary syndrome, STEMI patients showed higher plasma JCAD, which notably correlated positively with both TF and PAI-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis by modulating coagulation and fibrinolysis. Herein, reported translational data suggest JCAD as a potential therapeutic target for atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132
Genoa, Italy
| | - Yustina M Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine
and Surgery, University of Perugia, piazzale Gambuli 1, 06124
Perugia, Italy
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital
Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ana Vukolic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Dario Bongiovanni
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero
Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve
Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research
Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Jiaying Han
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Kirmes
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Isabell Bernlochner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich,
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden,
Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Zheng-Gen Jin
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University
of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester,
NY, USA
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of
Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon
Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne,
UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience
(ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für
Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site,
Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim,
Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132
Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular
Network, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Nationl Heart
and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London,
United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital
Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Saravi SSS, Bonetti NR, Vukolic A, Vdovenko D, Lee P, Liberale L, Basso C, Rizzo S, Akhmedov A, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Beer JH. Long-term dietary n3 fatty acid prevents aging-related cardiac diastolic and vascular dysfunction. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 150:107175. [PMID: 37105373 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The prevalence of left ventricular (LV) diastolic and vascular dysfunction increases with age, eventually leading to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). A preventive strategy is an unmet medical need. We and others reported previously on the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acid alpha linolenic acid (ALA) on cardiovascular disorders in animal models and translational studies. We now investigate whether long-term dietary ALA could prevent LV diastolic dysfunction and vascular aging in a murine model. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type C57BL/6 J mice were fed a chow or ALA diet for 12 months, starting at 6 months of age. Here, we show that aged (~18 months) mice recapitulate major hallmarks of HFpEF, including LV diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction, impaired vascular function, cardiac fibrosis, arterial stiffening and inflammation, as well as elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Long-term ALA supplementation upregulated the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid enzyme Idh2 and the antioxidant enzymes SOD1 and Gpx1. It also has been associated with reduced inflammation and ECM remodeling, accompanied by a significant downregulation of fibrosis biomarkers MMP-2 and TGF-β in both cardiac and vascular tissues obtained from aged mice. Our data exhibited the preventive effects of dietary ALA against LV diastolic dysfunction, impaired vasorelaxation, cardiac fibrosis, inflammation and arterial stiffening in aged mice. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence and a simplified mechanistic insight on how long-term ALA supplementation is a successful strategy to prevent the development of age-related diastolic and vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Ana Vukolic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pratintip Lee
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Basso
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial and Kings College, London, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, 5404 Baden, Switzerland.
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6
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Gaul DS, Calatayud N, Pahla J, Bonetti NR, Wang YJ, Weber J, Ambrosini S, Liberale L, Costantino S, Mohammed SA, Kraler S, Van Tits LJ, Pasterk L, Vdovenko D, Akhmedov A, Ruschitzka F, Paneni F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Matter CM. Endothelial SIRT6 deficiency promotes arterial thrombosis in mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 174:56-62. [PMID: 36414111 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arterial thrombosis may be initiated by endothelial inflammation or denudation, activation of blood-borne elements or the coagulation system. Tissue factor (TF), a central trigger of the coagulation cascade, is regulated by the pro-inflammatory NF-κB-dependent pathways. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a nuclear member of the sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases and is known to inhibit NF-κB signaling. Its constitutive deletion in mice shows early lethality with hypoglycemia and accelerated aging. Of note, the role of SIRT6 in arterial thrombosis remains unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that endothelial SIRT6 protects from arterial thrombosis by modulating inhibition of NF-κB-associated pathways. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using a laser-induced carotid thrombosis model, in vivo arterial occlusion occurred 45% faster in 12-week-old male endothelial-specific Sirt6-/- mice as compared to Sirt6fl/fl controls (n ≥ 9 per group; p = 0.0012). Levels of procoagulant TF were increased in animals lacking endothelial SIRT6 as compared to control littermates. Similarly, in cultured human aortic endothelial cells, SIRT6 knockdown increased TF mRNA, protein and activity. Moreover, SIRT6 knockdown increased mRNA levels of NF-κB-associated genes tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2); at the protein level, COX-2, VCAM-1, TNF-α, and cleaved PARP-1 remained increased after Sirt6 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Endothelium-specific Sirt6 deletion promotes arterial thrombosis in mice. In cultured human aortic endothelial cells, SIRT6 silencing enhances TF expression and activates pro-inflammatory pathways including TNF-α, cleaved PARP-1, VCAM-1 and COX-2. Hence, endogenous endothelial SIRT6 exerts a protective role in experimental arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Gaul
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Calatayud
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Pahla
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Jen Wang
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julien Weber
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lambertus J Van Tits
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Pasterk
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Çimen T, Wilzeck VC, Montrasio G, Bonetti NR, Medeiros-Domingo A, Grebmer C, Matter CM, Tanner FC, Manka R, Brunckhorst CB, Duru F, Saguner AM. Biventricular Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Associated with a Novel Heterozygous Plakophilin-2 Early Truncating Variant. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247513. [PMID: 36556128 PMCID: PMC9782591 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a hereditary condition that can cause sudden cardiac death in young, frequently athletic individuals under the age of 35 due to malignant arrhythmias. Competitive and endurance exercise may hasten the onset and progression of ARVC, leading to right ventricular dysfunction and potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias earlier in life. In this article, we present a novel, pathogenic, early truncating heterozygous variant in the PKP2 gene that causes biventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and affects a family, of which the only member with the positive phenotype is a competitive endurance athlete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Çimen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Verena C. Wilzeck
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Montrasio
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R. Bonetti
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Grebmer
- Department of Cardiology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Christian M. Matter
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix C. Tanner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Manka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corinna B. Brunckhorst
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ardan M. Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-(0)44-255-2111
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8
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Liberale L, Kraler S, Puspitasari YM, Bonetti NR, Akhmedov A, Ministrini S, Montecucco F, Marx N, Lehrke M, Hartmann NUK, Beer JH, Wenzl FA, Paneni F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. SGLT-2 inhibition by empagliflozin has no effect on experimental arterial thrombosis in a murine model of low-grade inflammation. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:843-856. [PMID: 35993135 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Low-grade inflammation couples dysmetabolic states to insulin resistance and atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease (ASCVD). Selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibition by empagliflozin improves clinical outcomes in patients with ASCVD independently of its glucose lowering effects. Yet, its mechanism of action remains largely undetermined. Here, we aimed to test whether empagliflozin affects arterial thrombus formation in baseline (BSL) conditions or low-grade inflammatory states, a systemic milieu shared among patients with ASCVD. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixteen-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to acute administration of empagliflozin (25 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle, of which a subgroup was pre-treated biweekly over 4 weeks with super-low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 5 ng/kg body weight), before carotid thrombosis was induced by photochemical injury. The between-group difference in Doppler-flow probe detected time-to-occlusion remained within the predefined equivalence margin (Δ = |10.50|), irrespective of low-grade inflammation (95% confidence interval, -9.82 to 8.85 and -9.20 to 9.69), while glucose dropped by 1.64 and 4.84 mmoL/L, respectively. Ex vivo platelet aggregometry suggested similar activation status, corroborated by unchanged circulating platelet-factor 4 plasma levels. In concert, carotid PAI-1 expression and tissue factor (TF) activity remained unaltered upon SGLT-2 inhibition, and no difference in plasma d-dimer levels was detected, suggesting comparable coagulation cascade activation and fibrinolytic activity. In human aortic endothelial cells pre-treated with LPS, empagliflozin neither changed TF activity nor PAI-1 expression. Accordingly, among patients with established ASCVD or at high CV risk randomized to a daily dose of 10 mg empagliflozin signatures of thrombotic (i.e. TF) and fibrinolytic activity (i.e. PAI-1) remained unchanged, while plasma glucose declined significantly during 3 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION SGLT-2 inhibition by empagliflozin does not impact experimental arterial thrombus formation, neither under BSL conditions nor during sustained low-grade inflammation, and has no impact on proxies of thrombotic/fibrinolytic activity in patients with ASCVD. The beneficial pleiotropic effects of empagliflozin are likely independent of pathways mediating arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Yustina M Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Niels Ulrik K Hartmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, SW3 6NP London, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Akhmedov A, Crucet M, Simic B, Kraler S, Bonetti NR, Ospelt C, Distler O, Ciurea A, Liberale L, Jauhiainen M, Metso J, Miranda M, Cydecian R, Schwarz L, Fehr V, Zilinyi R, Amrollahi-Sharifabadi M, Ntari L, Karagianni N, Ruschitzka F, Laaksonen R, Vanhoutte PM, Kollias G, Camici GG, Lüscher TF. TNFα induces endothelial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis via LOX-1 and arginase 2: reversal by monoclonal TNFα antibodies. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:254-266. [PMID: 33483748 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints and blood vessels. Despite low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), RA patients exhibit endothelial dysfunction and are at increased risk of death from cardiovascular complications, but the molecular mechanism of action is unknown. We aimed in the present study to identify the molecular mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in a mouse model of RA and in patients with RA. METHODS AND RESULTS Endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were reduced in aortae of two tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) transgenic mouse lines with either mild (Tg3647) or severe (Tg197) forms of RA in a time- and severity-dependent fashion as assessed by organ chamber myograph. In Tg197, TNFα plasma levels were associated with severe endothelial dysfunction. LOX-1 receptor was markedly up-regulated leading to increased vascular oxLDL uptake and NFκB-mediated enhanced Arg2 expression via direct binding to its promoter resulting in reduced NO bioavailability and vascular cGMP levels as shown by ELISA and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Anti-TNFα treatment with infliximab normalized endothelial function together with LOX-1 and Arg2 serum levels in mice. In RA patients, soluble LOX-1 serum levels were also markedly increased and closely related to serum levels of C-reactive protein. Similarly, ARG2 serum levels were increased. Similarly, anti-TNFα treatment restored LOX-1 and ARG2 serum levels in RA patients. CONCLUSIONS Increased TNFα levels not only contribute to RA, but also to endothelial dysfunction by increasing vascular oxLDL content and activation of the LOX-1/NFκB/Arg2 pathway leading to reduced NO bioavailability and decreased cGMP levels. Anti-TNFα treatment improved both articular symptoms and endothelial function by reducing LOX-1, vascular oxLDL, and Arg2 levels.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/enzymology
- Aorta, Thoracic/immunology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Arginase/genetics
- Arginase/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/enzymology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/enzymology
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Female
- Humans
- Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Middle Aged
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Scavenger Receptors, Class E/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class E/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Margot Crucet
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Branko Simic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Ospelt
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Ciurea
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Metso
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Melroy Miranda
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rose Cydecian
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lena Schwarz
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vera Fehr
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rita Zilinyi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Lydia Ntari
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Niki Karagianni
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere and Finnish Clinical Biobank Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, Peoples Republic of China
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK
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10
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Bonetti NR, Meister TA, Soria R, Akhmedov A, Liberale L, Ministrini S, Dogar A, Lüscher TF, Messerli FH, Rexhaj E, Camici GG, Beer JH, Scherrer U. In vitro fertilization exacerbates stroke size and neurological disability in wildtype mice. Int J Cardiol 2021; 343:92-101. [PMID: 34437933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) induce premature vascular aging in human offspring. The related alterations are well-established risk factors for stroke and predictors of adverse stroke outcome. However, given the young age of the human ART population there is no information on the incidence and outcome of cerebrovascular complications in humans. In mice, ART alters the cardiovascular phenotype similarly to humans, thereby offering the possibility to study this problem. METHODS We investigated the morphological and clinical outcome after ischemia/reperfusion brain injury induced by transient (45 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion in ART and control mice. RESULTS We found that stroke volumes were almost 3-fold larger in ART than in control mice (P < 0.001). In line with these morphological differences, neurological performance assessed by the Bederson and RotaRod tests 24 and 48 h after artery occlusion was significantly worse in ART compared with control mice. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, were also significantly increased in ART vs. control mice after stroke (P < 0.05). As potential underlying mechanisms, we identified increased blood-brain barrier permeability evidenced by increased IgG extravasation associated with decreased tight junctional protein claudin-5 and occludin expression, increased oxidative stress and decreased NO-bioactivity in ART compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS In wildtype mice, ART predisposes to significantly worse morphological and functional stroke outcomes, related at least in part to altered blood-brain barrier permeability. These findings demonstrate that ART, by inducing premature vascular aging, not only is a likely risk factor for stroke-occurrence, but also a mediator of adverse stroke-outcome. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE This study highlights that ART not only is a likely risk factor for stroke-occurrence, but also a mediator of adverse stroke-outcome. The findings should raise awareness in the ever-growing human ART population in whom these techniques cause similar alterations of the cardiovascular phenotype and encourage early preventive and diagnostic efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - T A Meister
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - R Soria
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - S Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Dogar
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - T F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Trusts, London, UK
| | - F H Messerli
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Rexhaj
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - U Scherrer
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
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11
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Liberale L, Bonetti NR, Puspitasari YM, Vukolic A, Akhmedov A, Diaz-Cañestro C, Keller S, Montecucco F, Merlini M, Semerano A, Giacalone G, Bacigaluppi M, Sessa M, Ruschitzka F, Lüscher TF, Libby P, Beer JH, Camici GG. TNF-α antagonism rescues the effect of ageing on stroke: Perspectives for targeting inflamm-ageing. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13600. [PMID: 34076259 PMCID: PMC8596431 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epidemiologic evidence links ischemic stroke to age, yet the mechanisms that underlie the specific and independent effects of age on stroke remain elusive, impeding the development of targeted treatments. This study tested the hypothesis that age directly aggravates stroke outcomes and proposes inflamm-aging as a mediator and potential therapeutic target. METHODS 3 months- (young) and 18-20 months-old (old) mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 30 minutes followed by 48 hours of reperfusion. Old animals received weekly treatment with the TNF-α neutralizing antibody adalimumab over 4 weeks before tMCAO in a separate set of experiments. Plasma levels of TNF- α were assessed in patients with ischemic stroke and correlated with age and outcome. RESULTS Old mice displayed larger stroke size than young ones with increased neuromotor deficit. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed impairment of the blood-brain barrier in old mice, i.e. increased post-stroke degradation of endothelial tight junctions and expression of tight junctions-digesting and neurotoxic matrix metalloproteinases. At baseline, old animals showed a broad modulation of several circulating inflammatory mediators. TNF-α displayed the highest increase in old animals and its inhibition restored the volume of stroke, neuromotor performance, and survival rates of old mice to the levels observed in young ones. Patients with ischemic stroke showed increased TNF-α plasma levels which correlated with worsened short-term neurological outcome as well as with age. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies TNF-α as a causative contributor to the deleterious effect of aging on stroke and points to inflamm-aging as a mechanism of age-related worsening of stroke outcomes and potential therapeutic target in this context. Thus, this work provides a basis for tailoring novel stroke therapies for the particularly vulnerable elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | | | - Ana Vukolic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan Keller
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Merlini
- Blood & Brain @ Caen-Normandie Institute, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Aurora Semerano
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacalone
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Bacigaluppi
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Sessa
- Department of Neurology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Liberale L, Akhmedov A, Bonetti NR, Puspitasari YM, Vukolic A, Montecucco F, Beer JH, Jin ZG, Liuzzo G, Stellos K, Crea F, Luscher TF, Camici GG. JCAD enhances arterial thrombosis by regulating endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue factor expression. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Arterial thrombosis underlies most acute CV events. Variants of the Junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) locus were consistently shown to associate with increased risk of acute coronary syndrome. Being a component of cell junctions, JCAD protein is highly expressed in endothelial cells and was shown to promote atherosclerosis by acting on the Hippo pathway through LATS2 kinase.
Purpose
This project investigated the effect of JCAD in arterial thrombosis by using an established in vivo mouse model of carotid injury. The translational value of animal findings was assessed in primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) as well as in CV patients.
Methods
JCAD knock-out (Jcad−/−) mice were exposed to photochemically-induced carotid artery endothelial injury to trigger thrombosis. Primary HAECs treated with JCAD small-interfering RNA (si-JCAD), LATS2-silencing RNA (si-LATS2) or control siRNA (si-SCR) were employed for in vitro assays. Plasma JCAD was measured in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) or ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Results
Compared to wild-type, Jcad−/− mice displayed reduced thrombus formation as underlined by delayed time to occlusion following endothelial-specific carotid damage. Suggesting a blunted activation of the extrinsic coagulation cascade, Jcad−/− animals showed reduced tissue factor (TF) protein expression and activity in carotid artery lysates (Fig. 1). Increased thrombus embolization episodes and D-dimer further suggested an increased activation of the fibrinolytic system in Jcad−/− mice. Indeed, Jcad−/− mice displayed reduced vascular expression of the fibrinolysis inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. In contrast, platelets aggregation in response to collagen and thrombin was similar in Jcad−/− and Jcad+/+ mice (Fig. 1). In line with the in vivo data, JCAD-silencing of HAECs inhibited TF and PAI-1 gene and protein expression. In accordance with previous literature, JCAD-silenced HAECs displayed increased levels of LATS2 Kinase, which blunts the Hippo pathway by increasing YAP phosphorylation. Yet, double JCAD and LATS2 silencing did not retrieve the phenotype of control HAECs. Of interest, si-JCAD HAECs showed increased levels of Akt phosphorylation, known to downregulate procoagulant expression and to directly phosphorylate YAP. Treatment with the Akt inhibitor Wortmannin prevented the effect of JCAD silencing on TF and PAI-1 indicating a causative role for this pathway (Fig. 2). Recapitulating in vitro findings, p-Akt and p-YAP levels were higher in arterial tissue of Jcad−/− animals as compared to WT (Fig. 1). Patients with STEMI showed significantly higher plasma levels of JCAD as compared to CCS (Fig. 2).
Conclusions
JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis by selectively modulating coagulation and fibrinolysis, but not platelet aggregation through endothelial TF and PAI-1. Our findings support the importance of JCAD as a novel therapeutic target for CV prevention.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Swiss National Science Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Akhmedov
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Y M Puspitasari
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Vukolic
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - F Montecucco
- University of Genoa, Department of Internal Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - J H Beer
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Z G Jin
- University of Rochester, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rochester, United States of America
| | - G Liuzzo
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - K Stellos
- The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - F Crea
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - T F Luscher
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
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13
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Saeedi Saravi SS, Bonetti NR, Vukolic A, Liberale L, Vdovenko D, Luscher TF, Camici GG, Beer JH. Lifelong dietary omega-3 fatty acid reverses cardiac and vascular dysfunction via MMP-2 modulation in aged mice. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Aging has a remarkable effect on the cardiovascular system, and negatively causes structural and functional changes in the heart including diastolic/systolic dysfunction and left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony, as well as, arterial stiffness which may develop to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in aged adults. We recently showed that the plant-derived omega-3-fatty-acid α-linolenic-acid (ALA) has emerged to confer potential protective effects against cardiovascular disease. Since cardiovascular aging is a chronic process, we hypothesized that a lifelong effective dietary supplementation with ALA will reverse or prevent age-related diastolic and arterial dysfunction during aging.
Purpose
Here, we test the hypotheses that (1) lifelong dietary ALA will prevent LV diastolic and arterial dysfunction in aged mice and that (2) lifelong dietary ALA will prevent the age-related cardiovascular dysfunction through modiulation of matrix-metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the heart and arteries.
Methods and results
6-month-old (young) wild-type C57BL/6J mice were fed a low (0.03%), as control, or high ALA (7.3%) diet for more than 12 months. Our results show that aged (>18 months) mice on low ALA diet recapitulate major hallmarks of HFpEF, including diastolic dysfunction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac interstitial fibrosis, impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation of aortic segments, and arterial stiffness. Intriguingly, we revealed that lifelong ALA-rich diet prevents diastolic dysfunction, vascular relaxation capacity, reduced pulse wave velocity, interstitial fibrosis, and coincident hemodynamic abnormalities in aged mice. Lifelong dietary ALA-in the prevention strategy-was associated with remarkably reduced cardiac and aortic MMP-2 and COX-2 expression, lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, and increased isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (Idh2) expression, decreased function of which has previously been associated with cardiac dysfunction.
Conclusions
Our data support that lifelong ALA-rich diet restores normal cardiac and vascular function in aged mice with LV diastolic and arterial dysfunction and prevents development of age-related cardiovascular dysfunction through the modulation of MMP-2 signaling.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): 1. Swiss National Science Foundation (number 324730_182328)2. the Kardio Stiftung, Baden, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Vukolic
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - D Vdovenko
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - T F Luscher
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
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14
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Puspitasari YM, Diaz-Canestro C, Liberale L, Guzik TJ, Flammer AJ, Bonetti NR, Constantino S, Paneni F, Akhmedov A, Beer JH, Ruschitzka F, Hermann M, Luscher TF, Sudano I, Camici GG. MMP-2 gene silencing attenuates age-dependent carotid stiffness via reduction of elastin degradation and increased eNOS activation. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims
Arterial stiffness is a hallmark of vascular aging. Being characterized by a loss of elasticity of large arterial walls, arterial stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The age-dependent arterial stiffness is primarily attributed to alterations in the elastic and collagen deposition that is regulated by a number of enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Nevertheless, the mechanistic link between age-dependent arterial stiffness and MMP-2 remains unclear.
In this study, we investigated the effect and efficacy of therapeutic MMP-2 knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA) on age-dependent arterial stiffness.
Methods
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was assessed in the right carotid artery of wild-type (WT) mice of different age groups. MMP-2 levels and activity in the carotid artery and plasma of young (3 months) and aged (20–25 months) WT mice were determined. Old WT mice (18–21 months) were treated for 4 weeks with either MMP-2 or scrambled siRNA, in which carotid PWV was assessed at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks after the start of the treatment. Elastin to collagen ratio, desmosin (DES) level, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathways were also evaluated and compared. Lastly, levels of circulating MMP-2 and DES, the breakdown product of elastin, were measured in a human cohort (23–86 years old), in whom carotid-femoral PWV was assessed.
Results
Carotid PWV, as well as both vascular and circulating MMP-2 levels, were elevated with increasing age in WT mice (Figure 1). Therapeutic MMP-2 knockdown in aged WT mice reduced the vascular MMP-2 expression and attenuated age-dependent carotid stiffness. Increased elastin to collagen ratio and a lower plasma DES level were observed on MMP-2 silenced treated animals (Figure 2). Moreover, siMMP-2 treated mice showed enhanced eNOS phosphorylation on Ser1177. A direct interaction between MMP-2 and eNOS was also observed, which, interestingly, is augmented with age. Finally, collected human data showed a higher level of circulating MMP-2 levels on the elderly subjects. In addition, plasma DES level is positively correlated with age and aortic PWV, indicating the involvement of vascular elastin catabolism on arterial stiffness.
Conclusions
Therapeutic MMP-2 gene silencing, specifically targeting vascular MMP-2, attenuates age-dependent carotid stiffness. This effect is mediated by augmenting eNOS activation and reducing elastin degradation. Thus, our findings indicate MMP-2 as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate age-dependent arterial stiffness and CVD.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Swiss National Science Foundation,Foundation for Cardiovascular Research–Zurich Heart House Figure 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Puspitasari
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Canestro
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - T J Guzik
- Cardiovascular Research Centre of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A J Flammer
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Constantino
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - F Paneni
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Akhmedov
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - F Ruschitzka
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Hermann
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T F Luscher
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - I Sudano
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
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15
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Diaz-Canestro C, Puspitasari YM, Liberale L, Guzik TJ, Flammer AJ, Bonetti NR, Wüst P, Costantino S, Paneni F, Akhmedov A, Varga Z, Ministrini S, Beer JH, Ruschitzka F, Hermann M, Lüscher TF, Sudano I, Camici GG. MMP-2 knockdown blunts age-dependent carotid stiffness by decreasing elastin degradation and augmenting eNOS activation. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2385-2396. [PMID: 34586381 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Arterial stiffness is a hallmark of vascular aging that precedes and strongly predicts the development of cardiovascular diseases. Age-dependent stiffening of large elastic arteries is primarily attributed to increased levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). However, the mechanistic link between age-dependent arterial stiffness and MMP-2 remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of MMP-2 knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA) on age-dependent arterial stiffness. METHODS AND RESULTS Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was assessed in right carotid artery of wild type (WT) mice from different age groups. MMP-2 levels in the carotid artery and plasma of young (3 months) and old (20-25 months) WT mice were determined. Carotid PWV as well as vascular and circulating MMP-2 were elevated with increasing age in mice. Old WT mice (18-21-month-old) were treated for 4 weeks with either MMP-2 or scrambled (Scr) siRNA via tail vein injection. Carotid PWV was assessed at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks after start of the treatment. MMP-2 knockdown reduced vascular MMP-2 levels and attenuated age-dependent carotid stiffness. siMMP-2 treated mice showed increased elastin to collagen ratio, lower plasma desmosine (DES), enhanced phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and higher levels of vascular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). An age-dependent increase in direct protein-protein interaction between MMP-2 and eNOS was also observed. Lastly, DES, an elastin breakdown product, was measured in a patient cohort (n = 64, 23-86 years old), where carotid-femoral PWV was also assessed; here, plasma levels of DES directly correlated with age and arterial stiffness. CONCLUSION MMP-2 knockdown attenuates age-dependent carotid stiffness by blunting elastin degradation and augmenting eNOS bioavailability. Given the increasing clinical use of siRNA technology, MMP2 knockdown should be investigated further as a possible strategy to mitigate age-dependent arterial stiffness and related CV diseases. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Arterial stiffness is a hallmark of vascular aging that precedes and strongly predicts the development of cardiovascular diseases. This study provides translational evidence to support a key role for MMP-2 on the development of age-associated arterial stiffness. Silencing of MMP-2 using siRNA technology shows an effect on aged mice where it attenuates age-dependent carotid stiffness by reducing elastin degradation and increasing eNOS bioavailability. Additionally, in humans we show that elastin breakdown increases with age and increased PWV. These findings indicate MMP-2 knockdown as a promising novel strategy to attenuate age-dependent arterial stiffness and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Cracow, Poland
| | - Andreas J Flammer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Wüst
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Hermann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabella Sudano
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Liberale L, Akhmedov A, Vlachogiannis NI, Bonetti NR, Nageswaran V, Miranda MX, Puspitasari YM, Schwarz L, Costantino S, Paneni F, Beer JH, Ruschitzka F, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Stamatelopoulos K, Stellos K, Camici GG. Sirtuin 5 promotes arterial thrombosis by blunting the fibrinolytic system. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2275-2288. [PMID: 32931562 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Arterial thrombosis as a result of plaque rupture or erosion is a key event in acute cardiovascular events. Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) belongs to the lifespan-regulating sirtuin superfamily and has been implicated in acute ischaemic stroke and cardiac hypertrophy. This project aims at investigating the role of SIRT5 in arterial thrombus formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Sirt5 transgenic (Sirt5Tg/0) and knock-out (Sirt5-/-) mice underwent photochemically induced carotid endothelial injury to trigger arterial thrombosis. Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with SIRT5 silencing-RNA (si-SIRT5) as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and non-ACS controls (case-control study, total n = 171) were used to increase the translational relevance of our data. Compared to wild-type controls, Sirt5Tg/0 mice displayed accelerated arterial thrombus formation following endothelial-specific damage. Conversely, in Sirt5-/- mice, arterial thrombosis was blunted. Platelet function was unaltered, as assessed by ex vivo collagen-induced aggregometry. Similarly, activation of the coagulation cascade as assessed by vascular and plasma tissue factor (TF) and TF pathway inhibitor expression was unaltered. Increased thrombus embolization episodes and circulating D-dimer levels suggested augmented activation of the fibrinolytic system in Sirt5-/- mice. Accordingly, Sirt5-/- mice showed reduced plasma and vascular expression of the fibrinolysis inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. In HAECs, SIRT5-silencing inhibited PAI-1 gene and protein expression in response to TNF-α. This effect was mediated by increased AMPK activation and reduced phosphorylation of the MAP kinase ERK 1/2, but not JNK and p38 as shown both in vivo and in vitro. Lastly, both PAI-1 and SIRT5 gene expressions are increased in ACS patients compared to non-ACS controls after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, while PAI-1 expression increased across tertiles of SIRT5. CONCLUSION SIRT5 promotes arterial thrombosis by modulating fibrinolysis through endothelial PAI-1 expression. Hence, SIRT5 may be an interesting therapeutic target in the context of atherothrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Vanasa Nageswaran
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melroy X Miranda
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Yustina M Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lena Schwarz
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, University of Athens, Lourou 4-2, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Rd, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Saeedi Saravi SS, Bonetti NR, Pugin B, Constancias F, Pasterk L, Gobbato S, Akhmedov A, Liberale L, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Beer JH. Lifelong dietary omega-3 fatty acid suppresses thrombotic potential through gut microbiota alteration in aged mice. iScience 2021; 24:102897. [PMID: 34401676 PMCID: PMC8355916 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including thrombotic events. The gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of thrombotic risk. Plant-derived omega-3 fatty acid ɑ-linolenic acid (ALA) confers beneficial anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory effects. Hence, antithrombotic activity elicited by ALA may be partly dependent on its interaction with gut microbiota during aging. Here, we demonstrate that lifelong dietary ALA decreases platelet hyperresponsiveness and thrombus formation in aged mice. These phenotypic changes can be partly attributed to alteration of microbial composition and reduction of its metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, as well as the upregulated production of short-chain fatty acid acetate. ALA-rich diet also dampens secretion of increased procoagulant factors, tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, in aged mice. Our results suggest long-term ALA supplementation as an attractive, accessible, and well-tolerated nutritional strategy against age-associated platelet hyperreactivity and thrombotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R. Bonetti
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Pugin
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florentin Constancias
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Pasterk
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sara Gobbato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H. Beer
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
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18
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Liberale L, Gaul DS, Akhmedov A, Bonetti NR, Nageswaran V, Costantino S, Pahla J, Weber J, Fehr V, Vdovenko D, Semerano A, Giacalone G, Kullak-Ublick GA, Sessa M, Eriksson U, Paneni F, Ruschitzka F, Montecucco F, Beer JH, Lüscher TF, Matter CM, Camici GG. Endothelial SIRT6 blunts stroke size and neurological deficit by preserving blood-brain barrier integrity: a translational study. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:1575-1587. [PMID: 31603194 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Aging is an established risk factor for stroke; genes regulating longevity are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke where to date, therapeutic options remain limited. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucially involved in ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) brain injury thus representing an attractive target for developing novel therapeutic agents. Given the role of endothelial cells in the BBB, we hypothesized that the endothelial-specific expression of the recently described longevity gene SIRT6 may exhibit protective properties in stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS SIRT6 endothelial expression was reduced following stroke. Endothelial-specific Sirt6 knockout (eSirt6-/-) mice, as well as animals in which Sirt6 overexpression was post-ischaemically induced, underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). eSirt6-/- animals displayed increased infarct volumes, mortality, and neurological deficit after tMCAO, as compared to control littermates. Conversely, post-ischaemic Sirt6 overexpression decreased infarct size and neurological deficit. Analysis of ischaemic brain sections revealed increased BBB damage and endothelial expression of cleaved caspase-3 in eSIRT6-/- mice as compared to controls. In primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs), hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) reduced SIRT6 expression and SIRT6 silencing impaired the barrier function (transendothelial resistance) similar to what was observed in mice exposed to I/R. Further, SIRT6-silenced HBMVECs exposed to H/R showed reduced viability, increased cleaved caspase-3 expression and reduced activation of the survival pathway Akt. In ischaemic stroke patients, SIRT6 expression was higher in those with short-term neurological improvement as assessed by NIHSS scale and correlated with stroke outcome. CONCLUSION Endothelial SIRT6 exerts a protective role in ischaemic stroke by blunting I/R-mediated BBB damage and thus, it may represent an interesting novel therapeutic target to be explored in future clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Daniel S Gaul
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden 5404, Switzerland
| | - Vanasa Nageswaran
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Pahla
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Julien Weber
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Vera Fehr
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Aurora Semerano
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milano 20132, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacalone
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milano 20132, Italy
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Sessa
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milano 20132, Italy
| | - Urs Eriksson
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,GZO Spital Wetzikon, Spitalstrasse 66, Wetzikon 8620, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, L.go R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden 5404, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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19
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Liberale L, Bonetti NR, Puspitasari YM, Schwarz L, Akhmedov A, Montecucco F, Ruschitzka F, Beer JH, Lüscher TF, Simard J, Libby P, Camici GG. Postischemic Administration of IL-1α Neutralizing Antibody Reduces Brain Damage and Neurological Deficit in Experimental Stroke. Circulation 2020; 142:187-189. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy (L.L.)
| | - Nicole R. Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Switzerland (N.R.B., J.H.B.)
| | - Yustina M. Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Lena Schwarz
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa–Italian Cardiovascular Network, Italy (F.M.)
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Italy (F.M.)
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland (F.R., G.G.C.)
| | - Jürg H. Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Switzerland (N.R.B., J.H.B.)
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (T.F.L.)
| | | | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.L.)
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland (L.L, N.R.B., Y.M.P., L.S., A.A., J.H.B., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland (F.R., G.G.C.)
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland (G.G.C.)
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20
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Diaz-Cañestro C, Bonetti NR, Wüst P, Nageswaran V, Liberale L, Beer JH, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Bohacek J, Camici GG. Apold1 deficiency associates with increased arterial thrombosis in vivo. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13191. [PMID: 31797367 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cells regulate the formation of blood clots; thus, genes selectively expressed in these cells could primarily determine thrombus formation. Apold1 (apolipoprotein L domain containing 1) is a gene expressed by endothelial cells; whether Apold1 directly contributes to arterial thrombosis has not yet been investigated. Here, we assessed the effect of Apold1 deletion on arterial thrombus formation using an in vivo model of carotid thrombosis induced by photochemical injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Apold1 knockout (Apold1-/- ) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates underwent carotid thrombosis induced by photochemical injury, and time to occlusion was recorded. Tissue factor (TF) activity and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways were analysed by colorimetric assay and Western blotting in both Apold1-/- and WT mice. Finally, platelet reactivity was assessed using light transmission aggregometry. RESULTS After photochemical injury, Apold1-/- mice exhibited shorter time to occlusion as compared to WT mice. Moreover, TF activity was increased in carotid arteries of Apold1-/- when compared to WT mice. Underlying mechanistic markers such as TF mRNA and MAPKs activation were unaffected in Apold1-/- mice. In contrast, phosphorylation of Akt was reduced in Apold1-/- as compared to WT mice. Additionally, Apold1-/- mice displayed increased platelet reactivity to stimulation with collagen compared with WT animals. CONCLUSIONS Deficiency of Apold1 results in a prothrombotic phenotype, accompanied by increased vascular TF activity, decreased PI3K/Akt activation and increased platelet reactivity. These findings suggest Apold1 as an interesting new therapeutic target in the context of arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Wüst
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Vanasa Nageswaran
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Bohacek
- Lab of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Akhmedov A, Bonetti NR, Reiner MF, Spescha RD, Amstalden H, Merlini M, Gaul DS, Diaz-Cañestro C, Briand-Schumacher S, Spescha RS, Semerano A, Giacalone G, Savarese G, Montecucco F, Kulic L, Nitsch RM, Matter CM, Kullak-Ublick GA, Sessa M, Lüscher TF, Beer JH, Liberale L, Camici GG. Deleterious role of endothelial lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 in ischaemia/reperfusion cerebral injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:2233-2245. [PMID: 30073881 PMCID: PMC6827115 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18793266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is implicated in cardiovascular disease by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress. We hypothesized that LOX-1 may be involved in pathophysiology of stroke by mediating ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)-dependent cell death. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was performed in wild-type (WT) mice, endothelial-specific LOX-1 transgenic mice (eLOX-1TG) and WT animals treated with LOX-1 silencing RNA (siRNA). In WT mice exposed to tMCAO, LOX-1 expression and function were increased in the MCA. Compared to WT animals, eLOX-1TG mice displayed increased stroke volumes and worsened outcome after I/R. Conversely, LOX-1-silencing decreased both stroke volume and neurological impairment. Similarly, in HBMVECs, hypoxia/reoxygenation increased LOX-1 expression, while LOX-1 overexpressing cells showed increased death following hypoxia reoxygenation. Increased caspase-3 activation was observed following LOX-1 overexpression both in vivo and in vitro, thus representing a likely mediator. Finally, monocytes from ischaemic stroke patients exhibited increased LOX-1 expression which also correlated with disease severity. Our data unequivocally demonstrate a key role for LOX-1 in determining outcome following I/R brain damage. Our findings could be corroborated in human brain endothelial cells and monocytes from patients, underscoring their translational relevance and suggesting siRNA-mediated LOX-1 knockdown as a novel therapeutic strategy for stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Martin F Reiner
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Remo D Spescha
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Heidi Amstalden
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Mario Merlini
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S Gaul
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Candela Diaz-Cañestro
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Rebecca S Spescha
- Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aurora Semerano
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacalone
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Savarese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luka Kulic
- Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger M Nitsch
- Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Sessa
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Diaz-Cañestro C, Reiner MF, Bonetti NR, Liberale L, Merlini M, Wüst P, Amstalden H, Briand-Schumacher S, Semerano A, Giacalone G, Sessa M, Beer JH, Akhmedov A, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. AP-1 (Activated Protein-1) Transcription Factor JunD Regulates Ischemia/Reperfusion Brain Damage via IL-1β (Interleukin-1β). Stroke 2019; 50:469-477. [PMID: 30626291 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.023739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Inflammation is a major pathogenic component of ischemia/reperfusion brain injury, and as such, interventions aimed at inhibiting inflammatory mediators promise to be effective strategies in stroke therapy. JunD-a member of the AP-1 (activated protein-1) family of transcription factors-was recently shown to regulate inflammation by targeting IL (interleukin)-1β synthesis and macrophage activation. The purpose of the present study was to assess the role of JunD in ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury. Methods- WT (wild type) mice randomly treated with either JunD or scramble (control) siRNA were subjected to 45 minutes of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. Stroke size, neurological deficit, plasma/brain cytokines, and oxidative stress determined by 4-hydroxynonenal immunofluorescence staining were evaluated 24 hours after reperfusion. Additionally, the role of IL-1β was investigated by treating JunD siRNA mice with an anti-IL-1β monoclonal antibody on reperfusion. Finally, JunD expression was assessed in peripheral blood monocytes isolated from patients with acute ischemic stroke. Results- In vivo JunD knockdown resulted in increased stroke size, reduced neurological function, and increased systemic inflammation, as confirmed by higher neutrophil count and lymphopenia. Brain tissue IL-1β levels were augmented in JunD siRNA mice as compared with scramble siRNA, whereas no difference was detected in IL-6, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), and 4-hydroxynonenal levels. The deleterious effects of silencing of JunD were rescued by treating mice with an anti-IL-1β antibody. In addition, JunD expression was decreased in peripheral blood monocytes of patients with acute ischemic stroke at 6 and 24 hours after onset of stroke symptoms compared with sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Conclusions- JunD blunts ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury via suppression of IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela Diaz-Cañestro
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Martin F Reiner
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.).,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Switzerland (M.F.R., J.H.B.)
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Luca Liberale
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.).,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy (L.L.)
| | - Mario Merlini
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco (M.M.)
| | - Patricia Wüst
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Heidi Amstalden
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Sylvie Briand-Schumacher
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Aurora Semerano
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (A.S., G.G.)
| | - Giacomo Giacalone
- Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (A.S., G.G.)
| | - Maria Sessa
- SC Neurologia, Dipartimento Interaziendale Neuroscienze Cremona-Mantova, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) di cremona, Cremona, Italy (M.S.)
| | - Jürg H Beer
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.).,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Switzerland (M.F.R., J.H.B.)
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.)
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.).,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (T.F.L.)
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (C.D.-C., M.F.R., N.R.B., L.L., P.W., H.A., S.B.-S., J.H.B., A.A., T.F.L., G.G.C.).,Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Switzerland (G.G.C.)
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23
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Bonetti NR, Liberale L, Pasterk L, Diaz-Canestro C, Akhmedov A, Gobbato S, Luescher TF, Beer JH, Camici GG. P6286Old age significantly worsens stroke outcome in old mice through a mechanism of inflamm-aging successfully countered by the tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody infliximab. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the number one cause of adult disability worldwide. As a strongly age-dependant disease, its prevalence is expected to rise along with the average age in western populations. While the epidemiological evidence linking stroke to age is non-refutable, the specific and independent effects of age on stroke remain elusive.
This presents an important missing link for developing targeted treatments tailored to the growing elderly population.
A potential mechanism pertinent to stroke outcome in the elderly is a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, coined “inflamm-aging”. Such a phenomenon could not only increase the risk for stroke, but also negatively affect its outcome and thus offers both preventive and therapeutic value.
Purpose
To determine the specific effects of age on the outcome after stroke in mice and delineate culprit molecular pathways with a focus on inflammatory mediators and to assess the efficacy of specific anti-inflammatory treatment with the TNF-α antibody Infliximab in this setting.
Methods
Old (18–20 months) C57BL/6 wildtype mice were compared to young (12 weeks) controls. Baseline levels of inflammatory cytokines were assayed in plasma and brain homogenates by ELISA. Ischemic stroke was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (30 minutes/48 h). Neurological function was assessed by a Bederson based score and the RotaRod test. Anti-inflammatory treatment with Infliximab was administered to a subset of old mice via weekly intraperitoneal injections (10 mg/kg) for 4 weeks prior to stroke induction. Young and old control animals received vehicle.
Results
At baseline (prior to stroke), old animals showed significantly higher plasma levels of TNF-α compared to young (Fig. 1A), while IL-6 and IL-1β remained below detection level in both groups. In brain homogenates of healthy old and young animals, TNF-α and IL-1β did not differ, while IL-6 was below detection level.
Old mice showed significantly larger stroke sizes (Fig.1B), performed worse neurologically (Fig. 1C) and suffered from higher post-stroke mortality compared to young (Fig. 1D). Pre-treatment with the TNF-α inhibitor Infliximab significantly decreased stroke size, neurological impairment and mortality in old animals (Fig1B-D).
Figure 1
Conclusions
In a model lacking additional confounding factors, we demonstrate a direct adverse effect of age per se on stroke outcome and mortality. Elevated TNF-α plasma levels in old mice outline the mechanism of “inflamm-aging” as a possible culprit. This concept is strongly supported by the beneficial effect of Infliximab on stroke outcome in old animals. Further investigation of the downstream mediators of the observed effect could help in tailoring treatments to the particularly vulnerable and growing elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Pasterk
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Canestro
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Akhmedov
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Gobbato
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - T F Luescher
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - J H Beer
- Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Internal Medicine, Baden, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
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24
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Bonetti NR, Diaz-Canestro C, Pasterk L, Liberale L, Vdovenko D, Gobbato S, Luescher TF, Camici GG, Beer JH. P4468Dietary plant derived omega-3 fatty acid alpha linolenic acid prevents age-dependent arterial stiffness and improves outcome after stroke in mice. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A fundamental determinant of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases is vascular aging, characterized by arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events and mortality.
Fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids (n3-FA) have been described to decrease cardiovascular events in high risk populations. Little is known on the effects of the plant-derived n3 FA alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). More insight is urgently needed, because of the low costs and abundant global supply of ALA. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of a long-term dietary intervention with ALA on age-dependent arterial stiffness and the magnitude of these effects on a specific vascular endpoint – ischemic stroke – in a mouse model of aging.
Methods
C57BL/6 wildtype males were either fed an ALA-rich (high ALA, 7.3 g%) or a respective control (0.3 g%) diet for 12 months, starting from 6 months of age.
At 9, 15 and 18 months, arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the right common carotid artery using a Vevo 3100 system (VisualSonics, Fig. 1A).
At 18 months, ischemic stroke was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (30 mins/48 h). Stroke size was assessed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and neurological function by a Bederson based score.
Results
Arterial stiffness steadily and significantly increased in controls over time, while ALA clearly and effectively prevented it (PWV at 9 vs. 18 months: controls + 95%; p<0,0001 vs. High ALA + 15%; ns) (Fig 1A).
Stroke size at 18 months was significantly decreased in ALA-fed animals compared to controls (28.39 mm3 vs. 51.77 mm3 p=0.0017) (Fig. 1B). In line with the morphological changes, controls performed significantly worse neurologically (Fig. 1C). Additionally, post-stroke survival at 48 h was improved in ALA-fed animals compared to controls, with 85% survival compared to 57% (Fig. 1D).
Figure 1
Conclusion
We demonstrate that long-term dietary supplementation with the plant-derived ALA fully prevents the development of age-dependent arterial stiffness.
The magnitude of this effect is clearly reflected in biologically relevant decreased stroke size, improved neurological performance and even post-stroke survival.
This study not only demonstrates vasoprotective effects of ALA, but also links them to improved outcome of a specific clinical endpoint. Future analyses will aim at delineating the molecular basis of the observed benefits. This will result in a better understanding of some ambiguous results from clinical trials and likely define the population which benefits from ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Canestro
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Pasterk
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - D Vdovenko
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Gobbato
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - T F Luescher
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Internal Medicine, Baden, Switzerland
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25
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Stivala S, Sorrentino S, Gobbato S, Bonetti NR, Camici GG, Lüscher TF, Medalia O, Beer JH. Glycoprotein Ib clustering in platelets can be inhibited by α-linolenic acid as revealed by cryo-electron tomography. Haematologica 2019; 105:1660-1666. [PMID: 31439672 PMCID: PMC7271563 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.220988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet adhesion to the sub-endothelial matrix and damaged endothelium occurs through a multi-step process mediated in the initial phase by glycoprotein Ib binding to von Willebrand factor (vWF), which leads to the subsequent formation of a platelet plug. The plant-derived ω-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid is an abundant alternative to fish-derived n-3 fatty acids and has anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. In this study, we investigated the impact of α-linolenic acid on human platelet binding to vWF under high-shear flow conditions (mimicking blood flow in stenosed arteries). Pre-incubation of fresh human blood from healthy donors with α-linolenic acid at dietary relevant concentrations reduced platelet binding and rolling on vWF-coated microchannels at a shear rate of 100 dyn/cm2. Depletion of membrane cholesterol by incubation of platelet-rich plasma with methyl-β cyclodextrin abrogated platelet rolling on vWF. Analysis of glycoprotein Ib by applying cryo-electron tomography to intact platelets revealed local clusters of glycoprotein Ib complexes upon exposure to shear force: the formation of these complexes could be prevented by treatment with α-linolenic acid. This study provides novel findings on the rapid local rearrangement of glycoprotein Ib complexes in response to high-shear flow and highlights the mechanism of in vitro inhibition of platelet binding to and rolling on vWF by α-linolenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stivala
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Sorrentino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Gobbato
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ohad Medalia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland .,Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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26
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Bonetti NR, Diaz-Cañestro C, Liberale L, Crucet M, Akhmedov A, Merlini M, Reiner MF, Gobbato S, Stivala S, Kollias G, Ruschitzka F, Lüscher TF, Beer JH, Camici GG. Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Inhibition Improves Stroke Outcome in a Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2173. [PMID: 30778120 PMCID: PMC6379411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder where incidence and severity of myocardial infarction are increased. Data on the incidence and outcome of stroke are conflicting. Thus, we investigated outcome after Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) brain injury in a mouse model of RA and assessed for the role of the tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor Infliximab herein. We used a TNF-α reliant mouse model of RA. RA and wildtype (WT) animals were treated with vehicle (RA/WT) or Infliximab (RA Infliximab) for 4 weeks, before undergoing I/R brain injury. RA-animals displayed larger strokes and poorer neurological performance. Immunohistochemistry on brain sections revealed increased numbers of resident and peripheral innate immune cells (microglia and macrophages); increased Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB)-disruption; decreased levels of the tight junction proteins (TJPs) claudin-5 and occludin; increased expression of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 and -9 and enhanced lipid peroxidation. Treatment with Infliximab corrected these alterations. We show that RA associates to worse stroke-outcome via exacerbated BBB degradation by decrease of the TJPs claudin-5 and occludin. We identified MMPs-3 and -9 and increased oxidative stress as potential mediators thereof. Increased numbers of resident and peripheral innate immune cells (microglia and macrophages) may in turn contribute to all these effects. Infliximab-treatment restored the phenotype of RA-mice to baseline. Our data provide evidence clearly linking RA to adverse stroke-outcome in mice and indicate an approved TNF-α inhibitor as a potential strategy to reduce stroke-burden in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Cañestro
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Crucet
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - M Merlini
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease; UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M F Reiner
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Gobbato
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Stivala
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - G Kollias
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center, Varkiza, Greece
| | - F Ruschitzka
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals Trust, London, UK
| | - J H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
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27
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Bonetti NR, Stivala S, Pasterk L, Gobbato S, Reiner MF, Diaz-Canestro C, Luescher TF, Beer JH, Camici GG. P6069Age-dependent platelet changes and their putative role for stroke in a mouse model of aging. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Stivala
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Pasterk
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - S Gobbato
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - M F Reiner
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Canestro
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - T F Luescher
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - J H Beer
- Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Internal Medicine, Baden, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
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28
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Akhmedov A, Bonetti NR, Reiner MF, Spescha RD, Merlini M, Gaul DS, Diaz-Canestro C, Savarese G, Montecucco F, Matter CM, Kullak-Ublick GA, Luscher TF, Beer JH, Liberale L, Camici G. P2494Deleterious role of endothelial lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) in ischemia/reperfusion-induced cerebral injury. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Akhmedov
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - M F Reiner
- Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Department of Internal Medicine, Baden, Switzerland
| | - R D Spescha
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - M Merlini
- University of California San Francisco, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - D S Gaul
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Canestro
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - G Savarese
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Montecucco
- University of Genoa, Department of Internal Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - C M Matter
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - G A Kullak-Ublick
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T F Luscher
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
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29
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Bonetti NR, Diaz-Canestro C, Liberale L, Crucet M, Akhmedov A, Merlini M, Reiner MF, Luescher TF, Beer JH, Camici GG. P2495Rheumatoid arthritis and stroke - The role of chronic inflammation in ischemia/reperfusion brain injury. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N R Bonetti
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - C Diaz-Canestro
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - L Liberale
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - M Crucet
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - A Akhmedov
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - M Merlini
- University of California San Francisco, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - M F Reiner
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - T F Luescher
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Internal Medicine, Baden, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- University of Zurich, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
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30
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Diaz-Cañestro C, Merlini M, Bonetti NR, Liberale L, Wüst P, Briand-Schumacher S, Klohs J, Costantino S, Miranda M, Schoedon-Geiser G, Kullak-Ublick GA, Akhmedov A, Paneni F, Beer JH, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. Sirtuin 5 as a novel target to blunt blood–brain barrier damage induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Cardiol 2018; 260:148-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Liberale L, Diaz-Cañestro C, Bonetti NR, Paneni F, Akhmedov A, Beer JH, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. Post-ischaemic administration of the murine Canakinumab-surrogate antibody improves outcome in experimental stroke. Eur Heart J 2018; 39:3511-3517. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
| | - Candela Diaz-Cañestro
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino 10 Largo Benzi, Genoa, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Winterthurer Strasse 190, Zurich, Switzerland
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32
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Münzel T, Camici GG, Maack C, Bonetti NR, Fuster V, Kovacic JC. Impact of Oxidative Stress on the Heart and Vasculature: Part 2 of a 3-Part Series. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70:212-229. [PMID: 28683969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular disease and heart failure impart an enormous burden in terms of global morbidity and mortality. Although there are many different causes of cardiac and vascular disease, most causes share an important pathological mechanism: oxidative stress. In the failing heart, oxidative stress occurs in the myocardium and correlates with left ventricular dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) negatively affect myocardial calcium handling, cause arrhythmia, and contribute to cardiac remodeling by inducing hypertrophic signaling, apoptosis, and necrosis. Similarly, oxidative balance in the vasculature is tightly regulated by a wealth of pro- and antioxidant systems that orchestrate region-specific ROS production and removal. Reactive oxygen species also regulate multiple vascular cell functions, including endothelial and smooth muscle cell growth, proliferation, and migration; angiogenesis; apoptosis; vascular tone; host defenses; and genomic stability. However, excessive levels of ROS promote vascular disease through direct and irreversible oxidative damage to macromolecules, as well as disruption of redox-dependent vascular wall signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology Mainz, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Christoph Maack
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Fuster
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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Akhmedov A, Camici GG, Reiner MF, Bonetti NR, Costantino S, Holy EW, Spescha RD, Stivala S, Schaub Clerigué A, Speer T, Breitenstein A, Manz J, Lohmann C, Paneni F, Beer JH, Lüscher TF. Endothelial LOX-1 activation differentially regulates arterial thrombus formation depending on oxLDL levels: role of the Oct-1/SIRT1 and ERK1/2 pathways. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:498-507. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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34
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Reiner MF, Breitenstein A, Holy EW, Glanzmann M, Amstalden H, Stämpfli SF, Bonetti NR, Falk V, Keller S, Savarese G, Benussi S, Maisano F, Lüscher TF, Beer JH, Steffel J, Camici GG. Ticagrelor, but not clopidogrel active metabolite, displays antithrombotic properties in the left atrial endocardium. Eur Heart J 2017; 38:916-919. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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35
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Reiner MF, Stivala S, Limacher A, Bonetti NR, Méan M, Egloff M, Rodondi N, Aujesky D, von Schacky C, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Beer JH. Omega-3 fatty acids predict recurrent venous thromboembolism or total mortality in elderly patients with acute venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:47-56. [PMID: 27790827 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Essentials The role of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) in recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unknown. Association of n-3 FAs with recurrent VTE or total mortality was investigated in 826 patients. Whole blood n-3 FAs were inversely correlated with recurrent VTE or total mortality. Major and non-major bleeding was not increased in patients with higher levels of n-3 FAs. SUMMARY Background The role of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) in recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unknown. Objectives To investigate the association of n-3 FAs with recurrent VTE or total mortality at 6 months and 3 years. Methods N-3 FAs were assessed in 826 patients aged ≥ 65 years, categorized into low, medium and high based on the 25th and 75th percentile. Mean follow-up was 29 months. Results At 6 months, subjects with medium (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22-0.62) and high n-3 FA levels (adjusted HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20-0.67) were less likely to develop recurrent VTE or total mortality, compared with those with low n-3 FAs. At 3 years, medium levels (adjusted HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.96) were associated with lower risk of recurrent VTE or total mortality. As compared with low n-3 FAs, the adjusted sub-hazard ratio [SHR] of recurrent VTE was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.15-0.99) in patients with medium and 0.17 (95% CI, 0.03-0.82) in patients with high n-3 FAs. The cumulative incidence of recurrent VTE was lower in the medium and high n-3 FA groups as compared with the low n-3 FA groups, but seems to have worn off after 3 years. The incidence of major and non-major bleeding was not greater in the high n-3 FA group. Conclusion Higher levels of n-3 FAs were associated with a lower risk of recurrent VTE or total mortality in elderly patients with VTE, but not with greater bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Reiner
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - S Stivala
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - A Limacher
- Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, and Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - N R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - M Méan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Egloff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - N Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Aujesky
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C von Schacky
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T F Lüscher
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - G G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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Reiner MF, Akhmedov A, Stivala S, Keller S, Gaul DS, Bonetti NR, Savarese G, Glanzmann M, Zhu C, Ruf W, Yang Z, Matter CM, Lüscher TF, Camici GG, Beer JH. Ticagrelor, but not clopidogrel, reduces arterial thrombosis via endothelial tissue factor suppression. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 113:61-69. [PMID: 28028070 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor reduces mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), compared with clopidogrel, and the mechanisms underlying this effect are not clearly understood. Arterial thrombosis is the key event in ACS; however, direct vascular effects of either ticagrelor or clopidogrel with focus on arterial thrombosis and its key trigger tissue factor have not been previously investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Human aortic endothelial cells were treated with ticagrelor or clopidogrel active metabolite (CAM) and stimulated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); effects on procoagulant tissue factor (TF) expression and activity, its counter-player TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and the underlying mechanisms were determined. Further, arterial thrombosis by photochemical injury of the common carotid artery, and TF expression in the murine endothelium were examined in C57BL/6 mice treated with ticagrelor or clopidogrel. Ticagrelor, but not CAM, reduced TNF-α-induced TF expression via proteasomal degradation and TF activity, independently of the P2Y12 receptor and the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1), an additional target of ticagrelor. In C57BL/6 mice, ticagrelor prolonged time to arterial occlusion, compared with clopidogrel, despite comparable antiplatelet effects. In line with our in vitro results, ticagrelor, but not clopidogrel, reduced TF expression in the endothelium of murine arteries. CONCLUSION Ticagrelor, unlike clopidogrel, exhibits endothelial-specific antithrombotic properties and blunts arterial thrombus formation. The additional antithrombotic properties displayed by ticagrelor may explain its greater efficacy in reducing thrombotic events in clinical trials. These findings may provide the basis for new indications for ticagrelor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Reiner
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Aging and Stroke, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Laboratory for Endothelial Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Simona Stivala
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Keller
- Laboratory of Aging and Stroke, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Endothelial Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Gaul
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Aging and Stroke, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Gianluigi Savarese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna (MedS), K2, Z5:00, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Glanzmann
- Laboratory for Endothelial Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Cuicui Zhu
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Laboratory for Endothelial Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Aging and Stroke, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juerg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Laboratory for Platelet Research, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; .,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
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Laube ES, Bonetti NR, Bächli E, Beer JH. [Survey involving Swiss heads of departments: somatic causes of fatigue]. Rev Med Suisse 2015; 11:910-917. [PMID: 26072597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Patients often complain of fatigue, sleepiness or tiredness to their treating physician. Somatic causes should not be missed. According to answers in a survey involving experienced Swiss Heads of medicine departments, somatic causes of fatigue are discussed in this article with focus on obstacles and near-missed cases. Diagnostic tools and treatment options, if available, are mentioned.
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