101
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Krzywiecki M, Grządziel L, Powroźnik P, Kwoka M, Rechmann J, Erbe A. Oxide-organic heterostructures: a case study of charge transfer disturbance at a SnO 2-copper phthalocyanine buried interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16092-16101. [PMID: 29855007 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01976b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduced tin dioxide/copper phthalocyanine (SnOx/CuPc) heterojunctions recently gained much attention in hybrid electronics due to their defect structure, allowing tuning of the electronic properties at the interface towards particular needs. In this work, we focus on the creation and analysis of the interface between the oxide and organic layer. The inorganic/organic heterojunction was created by depositing CuPc on SnOx layers prepared with the rheotaxial growth and vacuum oxidation (RGVO) method. Exploiting surface sensitive photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, angle dependent X-ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopy (ADXPS and UPS, respectively), supported by semi-empirical simulations, the role of carbon from adventitious organic adsorbates directly at the SnOx/CuPc interface was investigated. The adventitious organic adsorbates were blocking electronic interactions between the environment and surface, hence pinning energy levels. A significant interface dipole of 0.4 eV was detected, compensating for the difference in work functions of the materials in contact, however, without full alignment of the energy levels. From the ADXPS and UPS results, a detailed diagram of the interfacial electronic structure was constructed, giving insight into how to tailor SnOx/CuPc heterojunctions towards specific applications. On the one hand, parasitic surface contamination could be utilized in technology for passivation-like processes. On the other hand, if one needs to keep the oxide's surficial interactions fully accessible, like in the case of stacked electronic systems or gas sensor applications, carbon contamination must be carefully avoided at each processing step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Krzywiecki
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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102
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Axially phenoxy-derivative disubstituted phthalocyanine: synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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103
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Electric field dependence of charge mobility in linear conjugated polymers. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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104
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Bonardi AH, Dumur F, Grant TM, Noirbent G, Gigmes D, Lessard BH, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. High Performance Near-Infrared (NIR) Photoinitiating Systems Operating under Low Light Intensity and in the Presence of Oxygen. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Bonardi
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux De Mulhouse, IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361 - UHA, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - F. Dumur
- Aix Marseille
Univ, CNRS, ICR, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - T. M. Grant
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - G. Noirbent
- Aix Marseille
Univ, CNRS, ICR, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - D. Gigmes
- Aix Marseille
Univ, CNRS, ICR, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - B. H. Lessard
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - J.-P. Fouassier
- Ecole Nationale
Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Mulhouse, France
| | - J. Lalevée
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux De Mulhouse, IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361 - UHA, 68057 Mulhouse, France
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105
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Pagenkopf F, Müller E, Knupfer M. Electronic excitations of manganese phthalocyanine molecules. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:044701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5008916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Müller
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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106
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Nar I, Atsay A, Pekbelgin Karaoğlu H, Altındal A, Hamuryudan E. π-Extended hexadeca-substituted cobalt phthalocyanine as an active layer for organic field-effect transistors. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15017-15023. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02948b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The structural modification of the phthalocyanine skeleton with a hexadeca substitution pattern is a promising approach for the fabrication of active layers for OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgın Nar
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- İstanbul Technical University
- 34469 Maslak
- Turkey
| | - Armağan Atsay
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- İstanbul Technical University
- 34469 Maslak
- Turkey
| | - Hande Pekbelgin Karaoğlu
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- İstanbul Technical University
- 34469 Maslak
- Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altındal
- Faculty of Science and Art
- Department of Physics
- Yıldız Technical University
- 34722 Esenler
- Turkey
| | - Esin Hamuryudan
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- İstanbul Technical University
- 34469 Maslak
- Turkey
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107
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Rice NA, Magnan F, Melville OA, Brusso JL, Lessard BH. Organic Thin Film Transistors Incorporating Solution Processable Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Thienoacenes. MATERIALS 2017; 11:ma11010008. [PMID: 29271885 PMCID: PMC5793506 DOI: 10.3390/ma11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bottom-gate bottom-contact organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) were prepared with four novel star-shaped conjugated molecules containing a fused thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moiety incorporated either in the core and/or at the periphery of the molecular framework. The molecules were soluble in CS₂, allowing for solution-processing techniques to be employed. OTFTs with different channel geometries were characterized in both air and vacuum in order to compare environmental effects on performance. Blending the small molecules with poly(styrene), an insulating polymer, facilitated the formation of an even semiconducting film, resulting in an order of magnitude increase in device mobility. The highest field-effect mobilities were in air and on the order of 10-3 cm²/Vs for three of the four molecules, with a maximum mobility of 9.2 × 10-3 cm²/Vs achieved for the most conjugated small molecule. This study explores the relationship between processing conditions and OTFT devices performance for four different molecules within this new family of materials, resulting in a deeper insight into their potential as solution-processable semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Rice
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - François Magnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Owen A Melville
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Jaclyn L Brusso
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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108
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Yamaoka R, Funahashi M. Liquid-Crystalline Phthalocyanine Derivatives Bearing Oligosiloxane Moieties: Soft Columnar Mesophases Stabilized by Nanosegregation. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Yamaoka
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering; Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho; Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0396 Japan
| | - Masahiro Funahashi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering; Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho; Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0396 Japan
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109
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Lee EK, Lee MY, Park CH, Lee HR, Oh JH. Toward Environmentally Robust Organic Electronics: Approaches and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1703638. [PMID: 28960531 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent interest in flexible electronics has led to a paradigm shift in consumer electronics, and the emergent development of stretchable and wearable electronics is opening a new spectrum of ubiquitous applications for electronics. Organic electronic materials, such as π-conjugated small molecules and polymers, are highly suitable for use in low-cost wearable electronic devices, and their charge-carrier mobilities have now exceeded that of amorphous silicon. However, their commercialization is minimal, mainly because of weaknesses in terms of operational stability, long-term stability under ambient conditions, and chemical stability related to fabrication processes. Recently, however, many attempts have been made to overcome such instabilities of organic electronic materials. Here, an overview is provided of the strategies developed for environmentally robust organic electronics to overcome the detrimental effects of various critical factors such as oxygen, water, chemicals, heat, and light. Additionally, molecular design approaches to π-conjugated small molecules and polymers that are highly stable under ambient and harsh conditions are explored; such materials will circumvent the need for encapsulation and provide a greater degree of freedom using simple solution-based device-fabrication techniques. Applications that are made possible through these strategies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kwang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Moo Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Cheol Hee Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Hae Rang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
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110
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Yamamoto S, Kuribayashi K, Murakami TN, Kwon E, Stillman MJ, Kobayashi N, Segawa H, Kimura M. Regioregular Phthalocyanines Substituted with Bulky Donors at Non-Peripheral Positions. Chemistry 2017; 23:15446-15454. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Kengo Kuribayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Takuro N. Murakami
- Research Center for Photovoltaics; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1- Higashi, Tsukuba; Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Eunsang Kwon
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 990-8578 Japan
| | - Martin J. Stillman
- Department of Biology and Chemistry; The University of Western Ontario; London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Segawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Science; The University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Megurro-ku; Tokyo Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
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111
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Near-Infrared Fluorescence of Silicon Phthalocyanine Carboxylate Esters. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12282. [PMID: 28947759 PMCID: PMC5612943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven silicon(IV) phthalocyanine carboxylate esters (SiPcs, 1–7) with non-, partially- and per-fluorinated aliphatic (linear or branched at the alpha-carbon) and aromatic ester groups have been synthesized, their solid-state structures determined and their optoelectronic properties characterized. The SiPcs exhibit quasi-reversible oxidation waves (vs. Fc+/Fc) at 0.58–0.75 V and reduction waves at −0.97 to −1.16 V centered on the phthalocyanine ring with a narrow redox gap range of 1.70–1.75 V. Strong absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) region is observed for 1–7 with the lowest-energy absorption maximum (Q band) varying little as a function of ester between 682 and 691 nm. SiPcs 1–7 fluorescence in the near-infrared with emission maxima at 691–700 nm. The photoluminescence quantum yields range from 40 to 52%. As a function of esterification, the SiPcs 1–7 exhibit moderate-to-good solubility in chlorinated solvents, such as 1,2-dichlorobenzene and chloroform.
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112
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Rückerl F, Waas D, Büchner B, Knupfer M, Zahn DRT, Haidu F, Hahn T, Kortus J. Charge transfer from and to manganese phthalocyanine: bulk materials and interfaces. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:1601-1615. [PMID: 28884064 PMCID: PMC5550819 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) is a member of the family of transition-metal phthalocyanines, which combines interesting electronic behavior in the fields of organic and molecular electronics with local magnetic moments. MnPc is characterized by hybrid states between the Mn 3d orbitals and the π orbitals of the ligand very close to the Fermi level. This causes particular physical properties, different from those of the other phthalocyanines, such as a rather small ionization potential, a small band gap and a large electron affinity. These can be exploited to prepare particular compounds and interfaces with appropriate partners, which are characterized by a charge transfer from or to MnPc. We summarize recent spectroscopic and theoretical results that have been achieved in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Waas
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Francisc Haidu
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Torsten Hahn
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 23, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Jens Kortus
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 23, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
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113
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Zhu C, Fang L. Locking the Coplanar Conformation of π‐Conjugated Molecules and Macromolecules Using Dynamic Noncovalent Bonds. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Congzhi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐3255 USA
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐3255 USA
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114
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Guo Z, Yu P, Sun K, Wang W, Wei Y, Li Z. Two-Dimensional Crystallization of Rylene Diimide Based n-Type Semiconductors Tuned by the Dimensions of the Aromatic Core at the Liquid-Solid Interface. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1104-1110. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zongxia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST); Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST); Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Kai Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Wenpin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST); Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST); Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST); Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
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115
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Li B, Wei P, de Leon A, Frey T, Pentzer E. Polymer composites with photo-responsive phthalocyanine for patterning in color and fluorescence. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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116
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Kimura M, Suzuki H, Tohata Y, Ikeuchi T, Yamamoto S, Kobayashi N. Carbazole-Fused Zinc(II)−Phthalocyanine Sensitizers. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Yuki Tohata
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Takuro Ikeuchi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
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117
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Wannebroucq A, Meunier-Prest R, Chambron JC, Brachais CH, Suisse JM, Bouvet M. Synthesis and characterization of fluorophthalocyanines bearing four 2-(2-thienyl)ethoxy moieties: from the optimization of the fluorine substitution to chemosensing. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05325h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuning of the electron-donating/withdrawing balance in phthalocyanine complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Wannebroucq
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne
- UMR CNRS 6302
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Rita Meunier-Prest
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne
- UMR CNRS 6302
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Jean-Claude Chambron
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne
- UMR CNRS 6302
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Claire-Hélène Brachais
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne
- UMR CNRS 6302
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Jean-Moïse Suisse
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne
- UMR CNRS 6302
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Marcel Bouvet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne
- UMR CNRS 6302
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
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118
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Pal AK, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Momblona C, Pertegás A, Ortí E, Bolink HJ, Zysman-Colman E. Simple design to achieve red-to-near-infrared emissive cationic Ir(iii) emitters and their use in light emitting electrochemical cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06347d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cationic Ir(iii) complexes bearing bithiazole-type ancillary ligands have been synthesised and tested as deep red-to-near-infrared emitters in solution-processed electroluminescent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan K. Pal
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife KY16 9ST
- UK
| | - David B. Cordes
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife KY16 9ST
- UK
| | | | - Cristina Momblona
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Antonio Pertegás
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Henk J. Bolink
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife KY16 9ST
- UK
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119
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Krzywiecki M, Grządziel L, Sarfraz A, Erbe A. Charge transfer quantification in a SnOx/CuPc semiconductor heterostructure: investigation of buried interface energy structure by photoelectron spectroscopies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11816-11824. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interfacial electronic properties of the tin oxide/copper phthalocyanine layer stack were investigated with two complementary photoemission methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Krzywiecki
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH
- 40237 Düsseldorf
- Germany
- Institute of Physics – Center for Science and Education
- Silesian University of Technology
| | - Lucyna Grządziel
- Institute of Physics – Center for Science and Education
- Silesian University of Technology
- 44-100 Gliwice
- Poland
| | - Adnan Sarfraz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH
- 40237 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Andreas Erbe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH
- 40237 Düsseldorf
- Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- NTNU
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120
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Melville OA, King B, Imperiale C, Lessard BH. Orthogonally Processable Carbazole-Based Polymer Thin Films by Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:13640-13648. [PMID: 27958753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linking of hole-transporting polymer thin films in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been shown to increase device efficacy when subsequent layers are deposited from solution. This improvement, due to resistance of the films to dissolution, could also be achieved by covalently grafting the polymer film to the substrate. Using nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP), we synthesized a novel poly(9-(4-vinylbenzyl)-9H-carbazole) (poly(VBK)) copolymer which can be cross-linked and also developed two simple methods for the grafting-to or grafting-from, also known as surface-initiated polymerization, of poly(VBK) to indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. All three of these methods produced thin films that could be orthogonally processed; that is, they resisted dissolution when the spin-coating of a subsequent layer was simulated. Similar electrochemical behavior for the poly(VBK) films was observed regardless of the technique used, suggesting that all three techniques could be used in the engineering of organic electronic devices. We expect that all three methods would be worth investigating in the solution-based assembly of OLEDs and other organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen A Melville
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa , 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Benjamin King
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa , 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Christian Imperiale
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa , 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa , 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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121
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Thuau D, Abbas M, Wantz G, Hirsch L, Dufour I, Ayela C. Piezoelectric polymer gated OFET: Cutting-edge electro-mechanical transducer for organic MEMS-based sensors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38672. [PMID: 27924853 PMCID: PMC5141423 DOI: 10.1038/srep38672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based sensors on the electronic market is forecast to be invigorated soon by the development of a new branch of MEMS-based sensors made of organic materials. Organic MEMS have the potential to revolutionize sensor products due to their light weight, low-cost and mechanical flexibility. However, their sensitivity and stability in comparison to inorganic MEMS-based sensors have been the major concerns. In the present work, an organic MEMS sensor with a cutting-edge electro-mechanical transducer based on an active organic field effect transistor (OFET) has been demonstrated. Using poly(vinylidenefluoride/trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) piezoelectric polymer as active gate dielectric in the transistor mounted on a polymeric micro-cantilever, unique electro-mechanical properties were observed. Such an advanced scheme enables highly efficient integrated electro-mechanical transduction for physical and chemical sensing applications. Record relative sensitivity over 600 in the low strain regime (<0.3%) was demonstrated, which represents a key-step for the development of highly sensitive all organic MEMS-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Thuau
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Mamatimin Abbas
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Wantz
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Hirsch
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Dufour
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Cédric Ayela
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac Cedex, France
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122
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Krishna NV, Anusha PT, Rao SV, Giribabu L. Optical, electrochemical and third-order nonlinear optical studies of triphenylamine substituted zinc phthalocyanine. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616500838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc phthalocyanine possessing triphenylamine at its peripheral position has been synthesized and its optical, emission, electrochemical and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated. Soret band was broadened due to the presence of triphenylamine moiety. Electrochemical properties indicated that both oxidation and reduction processes were ring centered. Emission spectra were recorded in different solvents and the fluorescence yields obtained were in the range of 0.02–0.17 while the time-resolved fluorescence data revealed radiative lifetimes of typically few ns. Third-order NLO properties of this molecule have been examined using the Z-scan technique with picosecond (ps) and femtoseocnd (fs) pulses. Closed and open aperture Z-scan data were recorded with 2 ps/1 50 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm and NLO coefficients were extracted from both the data. Our data clearly suggests the potential of this molecule for photonics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narra Vamsi Krishna
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, India
| | - Puliparambil Thilakan Anusha
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - S. Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - L. Giribabu
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, India
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123
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Han S, Cheng J, Fan H, Yu J, Li L. Achievement of High-Response Organic Field-Effect Transistor NO₂ Sensor by Using the Synergistic Effect of ZnO/PMMA Hybrid Dielectric and CuPc/Pentacene Heterojunction. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16101763. [PMID: 27775653 PMCID: PMC5087547 DOI: 10.3390/s16101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High-response organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based NO₂ sensors were fabricated using the synergistic effect the synergistic effect of zinc oxide/poly(methyl methacrylate) (ZnO/PMMA) hybrid dielectric and CuPc/Pentacene heterojunction. Compared with the OFET sensors without synergistic effect, the fabricated OFET sensors showed a remarkable shift of saturation current, field-effect mobility and threshold voltage when exposed to various concentrations of NO₂ analyte. Moreover, after being stored in atmosphere for 30 days, the variation of saturation current increased more than 10 folds at 0.5 ppm NO₂. By analyzing the electrical characteristics, and the morphologies of organic semiconductor films of the OFET-based sensors, the performance enhancement was ascribed to the synergistic effect of the dielectric and organic semiconductor. The ZnO nanoparticles on PMMA dielectric surface decreased the grain size of pentacene formed on hybrid dielectric, facilitating the diffusion of CuPc molecules into the grain boundary of pentacene and the approach towards the conducting channel of OFET. Hence, NO₂ molecules could interact with CuPc and ZnO nanoparticles at the interface of dielectric and organic semiconductor. Our results provided a promising strategy for the design of high performance OFET-based NO₂ sensors in future electronic nose and environment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Jiang Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Research Institute for New Materials and Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China.
| | - Huidong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Research Institute for New Materials and Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China.
| | - Lu Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Research Institute for New Materials and Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China.
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124
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Korychenska O, Acebo C, Bezuglyi M, Serra A, Grazulevicius J. Epoxy-thiol thermosets modified by carbazole decorated hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) for optical applications. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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125
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Xu J, Wang Y, Shan H, Lin Y, Chen Q, Roy VAL, Xu Z. Ultrasound-Induced Organogel Formation Followed by Thin Film Fabrication via Simple Doctor Blading Technique for Field-Effect Transistor Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:18991-18997. [PMID: 27377991 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate doctor blading technique to fabricate high performance transistors made up of printed small molecular materials. In this regard, we synthesize a new soluble phthalocyanine, tetra-n-butyl peripheral substituted copper(II) phthalocaynine (CuBuPc), that can easily undergo gel formation upon ultrasonic irradiation, leading to the formation of three-dimensional (3D) network composed of one-dimensional (1D) nanofibers structure. Finally, taking the advantage of thixotropic nature of the CuBuPc organogel, we use the doctor blade processing technique that limits the material wastage for the fabrication of transistor devices. Due to the ultrasound induced stronger π-π interaction, the transistor fabricated by doctor blading based on CuBuPc organogel exhibits significant increase in charge carrier mobility in comparison with other solution process techniques, thus paving a way for a simple and economically viable preparation of electronic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaju Xu
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Haiquan Shan
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - V A L Roy
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, SAR
| | - Zongxiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen, P. R. China
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126
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Chow SYS, Ng DKP. Synthesis of an ABCD-Type Phthalocyanine by Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction. Org Lett 2016; 18:3234-7. [PMID: 27309120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Unsymmetrical phthalocyanines with a low symmetry can exhibit unique and intriguing properties that can facilitate their applications in certain disciplines. The synthesis of these compounds, however, has posed a great difficulty. A novel and unprecedented approach for phthalocyanine synthesis is reported that involves intramolecular cyclization of prelinked tetrakisphthalonitriles. By using this strategy, the first ABCD-type phthalocyanine has been prepared in 7.2% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Y S Chow
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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127
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Suzuki H, Kawano K, Ohta K, Shimizu Y, Kobayashi N, Kimura M. Topological Control of Columnar Stacking Made of Liquid-Crystalline Thiophene-Fused Metallonaphthalocyanines. Chemistry 2016; 5:150-6. [PMID: 27308226 PMCID: PMC4906472 DOI: 10.1002/open.201500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The spontaneous organization of two-dimensional polyaromatic molecules into well-defined nanostructures through noncovalent interactions is important in the development of organic-based electronic and optoelectronic devices. Two regioisomers of thiophene-fused zinc naphthalocyanines ZnTNcendo and ZnTNcexo have been designed and synthesized to obtain photo- and electroactive liquid crystalline materials. Both compounds exhibited liquid crystalline behavior over a wide temperature range through intermolecular π-π interactions and local phase segregation between the aromatic cores and peripheral side chains. The structural differences between ZnTNcendo and ZnTNcexo affected the stacking mode in self-assembled columns, as well as symmetry of the two-dimensional rectangular columnar lattice. The columnar structure in liquid crystalline phase exhibited an ambipolar charge-transport behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Koki Kawano
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Kansai-Center 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda Osaka 563-8577 Japan
| | - Kazuchika Ohta
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Yo Shimizu
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Kansai-Center 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda Osaka 563-8577 Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
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128
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Wu K, Xie ML, Chen JF, Le Y. A Novel Routine for the Fabrication of Y-Type Oxotitanium Phthalocyanine Nanocrystals in High-Gravity Rotating Packed Beds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao-Ling Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
- Research
Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and
Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Le
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
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129
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Gsänger M, Bialas D, Huang L, Stolte M, Würthner F. Organic Semiconductors based on Dyes and Color Pigments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3615-45. [PMID: 27028553 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic dyes and pigments constitute a large class of industrial products. The utilization of these compounds in the field of organic electronics is reviewed with particular emphasis on organic field-effect transistors. It is shown that for most major classes of industrial dyes and pigments, i.e., phthalocyanines, perylene and naphthalene diimides, diketopyrrolopyrroles, indigos and isoindigos, squaraines, and merocyanines, charge-carrier mobilities exceeding 1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) have been achieved. The most widely investigated molecules due to their n-channel operation are perylene and naphthalene diimides, for which even values close to 10 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) have been demonstrated. The fact that all of these π-conjugated colorants contain polar substituents leading to strongly quadrupolar or even dipolar molecules suggests that indeed a much larger structural space shows promise for the design of organic semiconductor molecules than was considered in this field traditionally. In particular, because many of these dye and pigment chromophores demonstrate excellent thermal and (photo-)chemical stability in their original applications in dyeing and printing, and are accessible by straightforward synthetic protocols, they bear a particularly high potential for commercial applications in the area of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Gsänger
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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130
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Zysman-Colman E, Ghosh S, Xie G, Varghese S, Chowdhury M, Sharma N, Cordes D, Slawin AMZ, Samuel IDW. Solution-Processable Silicon Phthalocyanines in Electroluminescent and Photovoltaic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:9247-9253. [PMID: 26990151 PMCID: PMC4832396 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines and their main group and metal complexes are important classes of organic semiconductor materials but are usually highly insoluble and so frequently need to be processed by vacuum deposition in devices. We report two highly soluble silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) diester compounds and demonstrate their potential as organic semiconductor materials. Near-infrared (λ(EL) = 698-709 nm) solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated and exhibited external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of up to 1.4%. Binary bulk heterojunction solar cells employing P3HT or PTB7 as the donor and the SiPc as the acceptor provided power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of up to 2.7% under simulated solar illumination. Our results show that soluble SiPcs are promising materials for organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST U.K.
| | - Sanjay
S. Ghosh
- Organic Semiconductor
Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16
9SS U.K.
| | - Guohua Xie
- Organic Semiconductor
Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16
9SS U.K.
| | - Shinto Varghese
- Organic Semiconductor
Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16
9SS U.K.
| | - Mithun Chowdhury
- Organic Semiconductor
Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16
9SS U.K.
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST U.K.
- Organic Semiconductor
Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16
9SS U.K.
| | - David
B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST U.K.
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST U.K.
| | - Ifor D. W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor
Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16
9SS U.K.
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131
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Division of Chemistry and MaterialsFaculty of Textile Science and TechnologyShinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry and MaterialsFaculty of Textile Science and TechnologyShinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and MaterialsFaculty of Textile Science and TechnologyShinshu University Ueda 386-8567 Japan
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132
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Chow SYS, Lo PC, Ng DKP. An acid-cleavable phthalocyanine tetramer as an activatable photosensitiser for photodynamic therapy. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13021-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel self-quenched phthalocyanine tetramer has been prepared which can be activated in acidic environments, resulting in enhanced fluorescence emission and singlet oxygen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Y. S. Chow
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- China
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133
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Pithan L, Meister E, Jin C, Weber C, Zykov A, Sauer K, Brütting W, Riegler H, Opitz A, Kowarik S. Thermally driven smoothening of molecular thin films: Structural transitions in n-alkane layers studied in real-time. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:164707. [PMID: 26520543 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We use thermal annealing to improve smoothness and to increase the lateral size of crystalline islands of n-tetratetracontane (TTC, C44H90) films. With in situ x-ray diffraction, we find an optimum temperature range leading to improved texture and crystallinity while avoiding an irreversible phase transition that reduces crystallinity again. We employ real-time optical phase contrast microscopy with sub-nm height resolution to track the diffusion of TTC across monomolecular step edges which causes the unusual smoothing of a molecular thin film during annealing. We show that the lateral island sizes increase by more than one order of magnitude from 0.5 μm to 10 μm. This desirable behavior of 2d-Ostwald ripening and smoothing is in contrast to many other organic molecular films where annealing leads to dewetting, roughening, and a pronounced 3d morphology. We rationalize the smoothing behavior with the highly anisotropic attachment energies and low surface energies for TTC. The results are technically relevant for the use of TTC as passivation layer and as gate dielectric in organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Pithan
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduard Meister
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Chenyu Jin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christopher Weber
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Zykov
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrein Sauer
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans Riegler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Andreas Opitz
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kowarik
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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134
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H. Lessard B, P. Bender T. Controlled and selective placement of boron subphthalocyanines on either chain end of polymers synthesized by nitroxide mediated polymerization. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2015.4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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135
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Casey A, Han Y, Wyatt MF, Anthopoulos TD, Heeney M. Novel soluble thieno[3,2-b]thiophene fused porphyrazine. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17859b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the first soluble thieno[3,2-b]thiophene based porphyrazine (ZnTTPz) is reported from the cyclisation of 2,3-dicyano-5-octylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Casey
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - Yang Han
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - Mark F. Wyatt
- EPSRC UK National Mass Spectrometry Facility (NMSF)
- Swansea University Medical School
- Swansea
- SA2 8PP UK
| | - Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics Imperial College London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
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Bian Y, Jiang J. Recent Advances in Phthalocyanine-Based Functional Molecular Materials. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2015_194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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