101
|
Liu HH, Li XQ, Liu JF, Cui S, Liu H, Hu B, Huang SB, Wang L, Yang W, Wang CC, Meng Y. miR-6869-5p Transported by Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Mediates Renal Tubule Injury and Renin-Angiotensin System Activation in Obesity. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:725598. [PMID: 34568382 PMCID: PMC8455906 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.725598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of other diseases, including kidney disease. Local renal tubular renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation may play a role in obesity-associated kidney disease. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) transmit necessary information in obesity and cause remote organ damage, but the mechanism is unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the plasma EVs cargo miR-6869-5p causes RAS activation and renal tubular damage. We isolated plasma EVs from obese and lean subjects and analyzed differentially-expressed miRNAs using RNA-seq. Then, EVs were co-cultured with human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) in vitro. Immunohistochemical pathology was used to assess the degree of RAS activation and tubule injury in vivo. The tubule damage-associated protein and RAS activation components were detected by Western blot. Obesity led to renal tubule injury and RAS activation in humans and mice. Obese-EVs induce RAS activation and renal tubular injury in PTECs. Importantly, miR-6869-5p-treated PTECs caused RAS activation and renal tubular injury, similar to Obese-EVs. Inhibiting miR-6869-5p decreased RAS activation and renal tubular damage. Our findings indicate that plasma Obese-EVs induce renal tubule injury and RAS activation via miR-6869-5p transport. Thus, miR-6869-5p in plasma Obese-EVs could be a therapeutic target for local RAS activation in obesity-associated kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia-Qing Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Bo Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Nephrology Department, Southern Medical University Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wah Yang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Jinan University Institute of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cun-Chuan Wang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Jinan University Institute of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, China.,Jinan University Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Abu-El-Rub E, Khasawneh RR, Almahasneh F, Altaany Z, Bataineh N, Zegallai H, Sekaran S. Mesenchymal stem cells and COVID-19: What they do and what they can do. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1318-1337. [PMID: 34630865 PMCID: PMC8474724 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exhausted the health systems in many countries with thousands cases diagnosed daily. The currently used treatment guideline is to manage the common symptoms like fever and cough, but doesn't target the virus itself or halts serious complications arising from this viral infection. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 exhibits many genetic modulations which have been associated with the appearance of highly contagious strains. The number of critical cases of COVID-19 increases markedly, and many of the infected people die as a result of respiratory failure and multiple organ dysfunction. The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been extensively studied and confirmed. The impressive immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory activity of MSCs have been recognized as a golden opportunity for the treatment of COVID-19 and its associated complications. Moreover, MSCs regenerative and repairing abilities have been corroborated by many studies with positive outcomes and high recovery rates. Based on that, MSCs infusion could be an effective mechanism in managing and stemming the serious complications and multiple organ failure associated with COVID-19. In the present review, we discuss the commonly reported complications of COVID-19 viral infection and the established and anticipated role of MSCs in managing these complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ejlal Abu-El-Rub
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R2H2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, IRBID 21163, Jordan.
| | - Ramada R Khasawneh
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, IRBID 21163, Jordan
| | - Fatimah Almahasneh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, IRBID 21163, Jordan
| | - Zaid Altaany
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, IRBID 21163, Jordan
| | - Nesreen Bataineh
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, IRBID 21163, Jordan
| | - Hana Zegallai
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R2H2A6, Canada
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals to be University, Chennai 600077, India
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Coffin E, Grangier A, Perrod G, Piffoux M, Marangon I, Boucenna I, Berger A, M'Harzi L, Assouline J, Lecomte T, Chipont A, Guérin C, Gazeau F, Wilhelm C, Cellier C, Clément O, Silva AKA, Rahmi G. Extracellular vesicles from adipose stromal cells combined with a thermoresponsive hydrogel prevent esophageal stricture after extensive endoscopic submucosal dissection in a porcine model. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14866-14878. [PMID: 34533159 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01240a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the combination of extracellular (nano) vesicles (EVs) from pig adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and a thermoresponsive gel, Pluronic® F-127 (PF-127), to prevent stricture formation after endoscopic resection in a porcine model. ADSC EVs were produced at a liter scale by a high-yielding turbulence approach from ADSCs 3D cultured in bioreactors and characterized in terms of size, morphology and membrane markers. The thermoresponsive property of the PF-127 gel was assessed by rheology. The pro-regenerative potency of ADSC EVs was investigated ex vivo in esophageal biopsies under starvation. In vivo tests were performed in a porcine model after extended esophageal endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD). Pigs were randomized into 3 groups: control (n = 6), gel (n = 6) or a combination of 1.45 × 1012 EVs + gel (n = 6). Application of gel ± EVs was performed just after ESD with a follow-up finalized on day 21 post-ESD. There was a trend towards less feeding disorder in the EV + gel group in comparison with the gel and the control groups (16.67% vs. 66.7% vs. 83.33%, respectively) but without reaching a statistically significant difference. A significant decrease in the esophageal stricture rate was confirmed by endoscopic, radiological and histological examination for the EV + gel group. A decrease in the mean fibrosis area and larger regenerated muscularis mucosae were observed for the EV + gel group. In summary, the application of EVs + gel after extended esophageal endoscopic resection succeeded in preventing stricture formation with an anti-fibrotic effect. This nano-therapy may be of interest to tackle an unmet medical need considering that esophageal stricture is the most challenging delayed complication after extended superficial cancer resection by endoscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Coffin
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, PARCC, INSERM U970, Laboratoire de Recherches Biochirugicales (Fondation Carpentier), Université de Paris, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Alice Grangier
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Guillaume Perrod
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, PARCC, INSERM U970, Laboratoire de Recherches Biochirugicales (Fondation Carpentier), Université de Paris, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Max Piffoux
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Iris Marangon
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Imane Boucenna
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Arthur Berger
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, PARCC, INSERM U970, Laboratoire de Recherches Biochirugicales (Fondation Carpentier), Université de Paris, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Leila M'Harzi
- Department of Surgery, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc 75015, France
| | - Jessica Assouline
- Departement of Radiology, Hôpital Saint Louis, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Lecomte
- CIRE Plateform, UMR 0085, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des comportements, INRA, Centre Val De Loire, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Christophe Cellier
- Gastro-Enteroloy and Endoscopy Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc 75015, France.
| | - Olivier Clément
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc 75015, France
| | - Amanda Karine Andriola Silva
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Gabriel Rahmi
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, PARCC, INSERM U970, Laboratoire de Recherches Biochirugicales (Fondation Carpentier), Université de Paris, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
- Gastro-Enteroloy and Endoscopy Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc 75015, France.
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Cheng H, Huang H, Guo Z, Chang Y, Li Z. Role of prostaglandin E2 in tissue repair and regeneration. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8836-8854. [PMID: 34522214 PMCID: PMC8419039 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration following injury from disease or medical treatment still represents a challenge in regeneration medicine. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which involves diverse physiological processes via E-type prostanoid (EP) receptor family, favors the regeneration of various organ systems following injury for its capabilities such as activation of endogenous stem cells, immune regulation, and angiogenesis. Understanding how PGE2 modulates tissue regeneration and then exploring how to elevate the regenerative efficiency of PGE2 will provide key insights into the tissue repair and regeneration processes by PGE2. In this review, we summarized the application of PGE2 to guide the regeneration of different tissues, including skin, heart, liver, kidney, intestine, bone, skeletal muscle, and hematopoietic stem cell regeneration. Moreover, we introduced PGE2-based therapeutic strategies to accelerate the recovery of impaired tissue or organs, including 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) inhibitors boosting endogenous PGE2 levels and biomaterial scaffolds to control PGE2 release.
Collapse
|
105
|
Exosomes: Emerging Therapy Delivery Tools and Biomarkers for Kidney Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:7844455. [PMID: 34471412 PMCID: PMC8405320 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7844455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanometer-sized small EVs coated with bilayer structure, which are released by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Exosomes are rich in a variety of biologically active substances, such as proteins, nucleotides, and lipids. Exosomes are widely present in various body fluids and cell culture supernatants, and it mediates the physiological and pathological processes of the body through the shuttle of these active ingredients to target cells. In recent years, studies have shown that exosomes from a variety of cell sources can play a beneficial role in acute and chronic kidney disease. In particular, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have significant curative effects on the prevention and treatment of kidney disease in preclinical trials. Besides, some encapsulated substances are demonstrated to exert beneficial effects on various diseases, so they have attracted much attention. In addition, exosomes have extensive sources, stable biological activity, and good biocompatibility and are easy to store and transport; these advantages endow exosomes with superior diagnostic value. With the rapid development of liquid biopsy technology related to exosomes, the application of exosomes in the rapid diagnosis of kidney disease has become more prominent. In this review, the latest development of exosomes, including the biosynthesis process, the isolation and identification methods of exosomes are systematically summarized. The utilization of exosomes in diagnosis and their positive effects in the repair of kidney dysfunction are discussed, along with the specific mechanisms. This review is expected to be helpful for relevant studies and to provide insight into future applications in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
106
|
Kharbikar BN, Zhong JX, Cuylear DL, Perez CA, Desai TA. Theranostic biomaterials for tissue engineering. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 19. [PMID: 35529078 PMCID: PMC9075690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering strategies, notably biomaterials, can be modularly designed and tuned to match specific patient needs. Although many challenges within tissue engineering remain, the incorporation of diagnostic strategies to create theranostic (combined therapy and diagnostic) biomaterials presents a unique platform to provide dual monitoring and treatment capabilities and advance the field toward personalized technologies. In this review, we summarize recent developments in this young field of regenerative theranostics and discuss the clinical potential and outlook of these systems from a tissue engineering perspective. As the need for precision and personalized medicines continues to increase to address diseases in all tissues in a patient-specific manner, we envision that such theranostic platforms can serve these needs.
Collapse
|
107
|
Liu D, Du Y, Jin FY, Xu XL, Du YZ. Renal Cell-Targeted Drug Delivery Strategy for Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Mini-Review. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3206-3222. [PMID: 34337953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), have become a global public health concern associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, at present, very few effective and specific drug therapies are available, owing to the poor therapeutic efficacy and systemic side effects. Kidney-targeted drug delivery, as a potential strategy for solving these problems, has received great attention in the fields of AKI and CKD in recent years. Here, we review the literature on renal targeted, more specifically, renal cell-targeted formulations of AKI and CKD that offered biodistribution data. First, we provide a broad overview of the unique structural characteristics and injured cells of acute and chronic injured kidneys. We then separately summarize literature examples of renal targeted formulations according to the difference of target cells and elaborate on the appropriate formulation design criteria for AKI and CKD. Finally, we propose a hypothetic strategy to improve the renal accumulation of glomerular cell-targeted formulation by escaping the uptake of the reticuloendothelial system and provide some perspectives for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei-Yang Jin
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Tang H, Zhang P, Zeng L, Zhao Y, Xie L, Chen B. Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate renal fibrosis by galectin-3/Akt/GSK3β/Snail signaling pathway in adenine-induced nephropathy rat. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:409. [PMID: 34271976 PMCID: PMC8283866 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is one of the main pathological features of various progressive renal damages and chronic kidney diseases. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been verified with significant improvement in the therapy of fibrosis diseases, but the mechanism is still unclear. We attempted to explore the new mechanism and therapeutic target of MSCs against renal fibrosis based on renal proteomics. METHODS TIF model was induced by adenine gavage. Bone marrow-derived MSCs was injected by tail vein after modeling. Renal function and fibrosis related parameters were assessed by Masson, Sirius red, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. Renal proteomics was analyzed using iTRAQ-based mass spectrometry. Further possible mechanism was explored by transfected galectin-3 gene for knockdown (Gal-3 KD) and overexpression (Gal-3 OE) in HK-2 cells with lentiviral vector. RESULTS MSCs treatment clearly decreased the expression of α-SMA, collagen type I, II, III, TGF-β1, Kim-1, p-Smad2/3, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα compared with model rats, while p38 MAPK increased. Proteomics showed that only 40 proteins exhibited significant differences (30 upregulated, 10 downregulated) compared MSCs group with the model group. Galectin-3 was downregulated significantly in renal tissues and TGF-β1-induced rat tubular epithelial cells and interstitial fibroblasts, consistent with the iTRAQ results. Gal-3 KD notably inhibited the expression of p-Akt, p-GSK3β and snail in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells fibrosis. On the contrary, Gal-3 OE obviously increased the expression of p-Akt, p-GSK3β and snail. CONCLUSION The mechanism of MSCs anti-renal fibrosis was probably mediated by galectin-3/Akt/GSK3β/Snail signaling pathway. Galectin-3 may be a valuable target for treating renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Lingxiang Road, Matan Long District, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, 646000
| | - Peiyue Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Lingxiang Road, Matan Long District, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, 646000
| | - Lianlin Zeng
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Lingxiang Road, Matan Long District, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, 646000
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Lingxiang Road, Matan Long District, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, 646000
| | - Libo Xie
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Lingxiang Road, Matan Long District, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, 646000.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Zhao Y, Pu M, Wang Y, Yu L, Song X, He Z. Application of nanotechnology in acute kidney injury: From diagnosis to therapeutic implications. J Control Release 2021; 336:233-251. [PMID: 34171444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a major health issue concerning ~50% of patients treated in intensive care units, generally leads to severe renal damage associated with high mortality rate. The application of nanotechnology for the management of AKI has profound potential of further development, providing innovative strategies for predicting the early onset and progression of renal disease and improving the treatment efficacy of the life-threating AKI. This review has comprehensively summarized the nanomedicines in the application of AKI diagnosis and emphatically discussed the unique potential of various nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems (e.g., polymeric nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, hydrogels etc.) in the treatment of AKI, allowing for improved therapeutic index by enhancing both efficacy and safety concurrently. These approaches may mechanically mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial and other organellar damage, etc. In addition, the combination of nanotechnology with stem cells-based therapy or gene therapy has been explored for reducing renal tissues damage and promoting kidney repair or recovery from AKI. The review provides insights into the synthesis, advantages, and limitations of innovative nanomedicine application in the early detection and effective treatment of AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mingju Pu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Xinyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhiyu He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to the Rescue of Renal Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126596. [PMID: 34202940 PMCID: PMC8235408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are rising in global prevalence and cause significant morbidity for patients. Current treatments are limited to slowing instead of stabilising or reversing disease progression. In this review, we describe mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their constituents, extracellular vesicles (EVs) as being a novel therapeutic for CKD. MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles, including exosomes, which carry genetic information that mimics the phenotype of their cell of origin. MSC-EVs deliver their cargo of mRNA, miRNA, cytokines, and growth factors to target cells as a form of paracrine communication. This genetically reprograms pathophysiological pathways, which are upregulated in renal failure. Since the method of exosome preparation significantly affects the quality and function of MSC-exosomes, this review compares the methodologies for isolating exosomes from MSCs and their role in tissue regeneration. More specifically, it summarises the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-EVs in 60 preclinical animal models of AKI and CKD and the cargo of biomolecules they deliver. MSC-EVs promote tubular proliferation and angiogenesis, and inhibit apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and fibrosis, to alleviate AKI and CKD. By reprogramming these pathophysiological pathways, MSC-EVs can slow or even reverse the progression of AKI to CKD, and therefore offer potential to transform clinical practice.
Collapse
|
111
|
Pethe P, Kale V. Placenta: A gold mine for translational research and regenerative medicine. Reprod Biol 2021; 21:100508. [PMID: 33930790 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has gained much impetus in regenerative medicine due to some of the encouraging results obtained in the laboratory as well as in translational/clinical studies. Although stem cells are of various types and their therapeutic potential has been documented in several studies, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have an edge, as in addition to being multipotent, these cells are easy to obtain and expand, pose fewer ethical issues, and possess immense regenerative potential when used in a scientifically correct manner. Currently, MSCs are being sourced from various tissues such as bone marrow, cord, cord blood, adipose tissue, dental tissue, etc., and, quite often, the choice depends on the availability of the source. One such rich source of tissue suitable for obtaining good quality MSCs in large numbers is the placenta obtained in a full-term delivery leading to a healthy child's birth. Several studies have demonstrated the regenerative potential of human placenta-derived MSCs (hPMSC), and most show that these MSCs possess comparable, in some instances, even better, therapeutic potential as that shown by human bone marrow-derived (hBMSC) or human umbilical cord-derived (hUC-MSC) MSCs. The placenta can be easily sourced from the OB/GYN department of any hospital, and if its derivatives such as hPMSC or their EVs are produced under GMP conditions, it could serve as a gold mine for translational/clinical research. Here, we have reviewed recent studies revealing the therapeutic potential of hPMSC and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) published over the past three years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Pethe
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International University, Pune, 412115, India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International University, Pune, 412115, India.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Corrêa RR, Juncosa EM, Masereeuw R, Lindoso RS. Extracellular Vesicles as a Therapeutic Tool for Kidney Disease: Current Advances and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115787. [PMID: 34071399 PMCID: PMC8198688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been described as important mediators of cell communication, regulating several physiological processes, including tissue recovery and regeneration. In the kidneys, EVs derived from stem cells have been shown to support tissue recovery in diverse disease models and have been considered an interesting alternative to cell therapy. For this purpose, however, several challenges remain to be overcome, such as the requirement of a high number of EVs for human therapy and the need for optimization of techniques for their isolation and characterization. Moreover, the kidney’s complexity and the pathological process to be treated require that EVs present a heterogeneous group of molecules to be delivered. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the use of EVs as a therapeutic tool for kidney diseases. Moreover, we give an overview of the new technologies applied to improve EVs’ efficacy, such as novel methods of EV production and isolation by means of bioreactors and microfluidics, bioengineering the EV content and the use of alternative cell sources, including kidney organoids, to support their transfer to clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Rodrigues Corrêa
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Estela Mancheño Juncosa
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (R.S.L.); Tel.: +31-30-253-3529 (R.M.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-6520 (R.S.L.)
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (R.S.L.); Tel.: +31-30-253-3529 (R.M.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-6520 (R.S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Zheng D, Zhou H, Wang H, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Li Q, Li T, Liu L. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles improve intestinal barrier function by restoring mitochondrial dynamic balance in sepsis rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:299. [PMID: 34039427 PMCID: PMC8152336 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a major cause of death in ICU, and intestinal barrier dysfunction is its important complication, while the treatment is limited. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles (MMVs) attract much attention as a strategy of cell-free treatment; whether MMVs are therapeutic in sepsis induced-intestinal barrier dysfunction is obscure. METHODS In this study, cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis rats and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated intestinal epithelial cells to investigate the effect of MMVs on intestinal barrier dysfunction. MMVs were harvested from mesenchymal stem cells and were injected into sepsis rats, and the intestinal barrier function was measured. Afterward, MMVs were incubated with intestinal epithelial cells, and the effect of MMVs on mitochondrial dynamic balance was measured. Then the expression of mfn1, mfn2, OPA1, and PGC-1α in MMVs were measured by western blot. By upregulation and downregulation of mfn2 and PGC-1α, the role of MMVs in mitochondrial dynamic balance was investigated. Finally, the role of MMV-carried mitochondria in mitochondrial dynamic balance was investigated. RESULTS MMVs restored the intestinal barrier function by improving mitochondrial dynamic balance and metabolism of mitochondria. Further study revealed that MMVs delivered mfn2 and PGC-1α to intestinal epithelial cells, and promoted mitochondrial fusion and biogenesis, thereby improving mitochondrial dynamic balance. Furthermore, MMVs delivered functional mitochondria to intestinal epithelial cells and enhanced energy metabolism directly. CONCLUSION MMVs can deliver mfn2, PGC-1α, and functional mitochondria to intestinal epithelial cells, synergistically improve mitochondrial dynamic balance of target cells after sepsis, and restore the mitochondrial function and intestinal barrier function. The study illustrated that MMVs might be a promising strategy for the treatment of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Henan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liangming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Department, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Yang Y, Geng X, Chi K, Liu C, Liu R, Chen X, Hong Q, Cai G. Ultrasound enhances the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells wrapped in greater omentum for aristolochic acid nephropathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:261. [PMID: 33941258 PMCID: PMC8091698 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to promote regeneration in both subjects with acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), but their efficacy remains limited, probably because most of the cells accumulate in the lungs, liver, and spleen after an intravenous infusion. Therefore, ultrasound-guided administration of MSCs represents a possible approach to solve this problem. The greater omentum is used to promote cell survival due to its rich vasculature. We hypothesized that ultrasound-guided administration of MSCs combined with greater omentum might be more curative than currently available approaches. Methods In this study, we established an aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) model by intraperitoneally administering aristolochic acid I sodium salt (AA-I) at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight on alternate days for 4 weeks. Subsequently, a laparotomy was performed, and the left kidney from which the capsule had been removed was wrapped with the greater omentum. A dose of 2 × 107 MSCs was injected into the space between the greater omentum and the left kidney. Equal amounts of MSCs were administered under ultrasound guidance every second week for a total of 4 treatments. Mice were sacrificed 4 weeks after surgery. Serum creatinine and blood urea levels were measured to assess renal function. qPCR, Western blot, and histological analyses were conducted to further investigate the therapeutic mechanism of MSCs. Results Ultrasound-guided injection of MSCs into the greater omentum that surrounds the kidney enriched cells in the kidney region for up to 5 days. Renal function tests indicated that MSCs improved renal function to a great extent, as reflected by decreased blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. In addition, histological analyses showed that MSCs noticeably attenuated kidney injury, as evidenced by the amelioration of tubular necrosis and peritubular interstitial fibrosis. Mitigation of renal interstitial fibrosis was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and western blotting after MSC treatment. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining revealed that MSCs alleviated inflammatory responses by increasing the counts of CD206+ cells and decreasing the counts of CD68+ cells. MSC migration was initiated in response to AA-I-treated renal epithelial cells in an in vitro migration assay. Conclusions These findings suggested that administration of MSCs into the cavity formed by the injured kidney and the greater omentum under ultrasound guidance improved renal function, attenuated kidney injury, and mitigated renal interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory responses. Thus, this approach might be a safe and effective therapy for CKD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02243-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaodong Geng
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Kun Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Du J, Li Y, Sun Q, Wang Z, Wang F, Chen F, Wang H, Liu Y, Zhou H, Shang G, Chen X, Ding S, Li C, Wu D, Zhang W, Zhong M. Urinary exosomal CD26 is associated with recovery from acute kidney injury in intensive care units: a prospective cohort study. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:1535-1546. [PMID: 33882205 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently there is no validated method to predict renal reversal and recovery after acute kidney injury (AKI). As exosomes have the potential for AKI prognosis and CD26 is involved in the mechanisms in AKI, this study aims to investigate whether urinary exosomal CD26 is associated with renal-related outcomes and explore its prospect as a novel prognosis biomarker. METHODS This was a single-center, prospective cohort study. A total of 133 AKI patients and 68 non-AKI patients admitted to ICU in Qilu Hospital Shandong University from January 2017 to January 2018. Urine samples were collected at enrollment and the relative expression of CD26 (CD26 percentage) in urinary exosomes was examined, that was then categorized into a low-CD26 level and a high-CD26 level. RESULTS CD26 percentage was significantly lower in the AKI cohort than in the control cohort. Within the AKI cohort, a high-CD26 level was associated with lower incidence of major adverse kidney events within 90 days, but higher incidence of reversal within 28 days. In AKI survivors, a high-CD26 level had a 4.67-, 3.50- and 4.66-fold higher odds than a low-CD26 level for early reversal, recovery and reversal, respectively, after adjustment for clinical factors. Prediction performance was moderate for AKI survivors but improved for non-septic AKI survivors. CONCLUSIONS Urinary exosomal CD26 is associated with renal reversal and recovery from AKI and is thus a promising prognosis biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yirui Liu
- People's Hospital of Lingcheng District, Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guokai Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
The effect of extracellular vesicles on the regulation of mitochondria under hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:358. [PMID: 33824273 PMCID: PMC8024302 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are indispensable organelles for maintaining cell energy metabolism, and also are necessary to retain cell biological function by transmitting information as signal organelles. Hypoxia, one of the important cellular stresses, can directly regulates mitochondrial metabolites and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), which affects the nuclear gene expression through mitochondrial retrograde signal pathways, and also promotes the delivery of signal components into cytoplasm, causing cellular injury. In addition, mitochondria can also trigger adaptive mechanisms to maintain mitochondrial function in response to hypoxia. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as a medium of information transmission between cells, can change the biological effects of receptor cells by the release of cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, mitochondria, and their compositions. The secretion of EVs increases in cells under hypoxia, which indirectly changes the mitochondrial function through the uptake of contents by the receptor cells. In this review, we focus on the mitochondrial regulation indirectly through EVs under hypoxia, and the possible mechanisms that EVs cause the changes in mitochondrial function. Finally, we discuss the significance of this EV-mitochondria axis in hypoxic diseases.
Collapse
|
117
|
Mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles in therapy against kidney diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:219. [PMID: 33789750 PMCID: PMC8011150 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases pose a threat to human health due to their rising incidence and fatality rate. In preclinical and clinical studies, it has been acknowledged that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective and safe when used to treat kidney diseases. MSCs play their role mainly by secreting trophic factors and delivering extracellular vesicles (EVs). The genetic materials and proteins contained in the MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs), as an important means of cellular communication, have become a research focus for targeted therapy of kidney diseases. At present, MSC-EVs have shown evident therapeutic effects on acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and atherosclerotic renovascular disease (ARVD); however, their roles in the transplanted kidney remain controversial. This review summarises the mechanisms by which MSC-EVs treat these diseases in animal models and proposes certain problems, expecting to facilitate corresponding future clinical practice.
Collapse
|
118
|
Loussouarn C, Pers YM, Bony C, Jorgensen C, Noël D. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Regulate the Mitochondrial Metabolism via Transfer of miRNAs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:623973. [PMID: 33796099 PMCID: PMC8007981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.623973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the most commonly tested adult progenitor cells in regenerative medicine. They stimulate tissue repair primarily through the secretion of immune-regulatory and pro-regenerative factors. There is increasing evidence that most of these factors are carried on extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released by MSCs, either spontaneously or after activation. Exosomes and microvesicles are the most investigated types of EVs that act through uptake by target cells and cargo release inside the cytoplasm or through interactions with receptors expressed on target cells to stimulate downstream intracellular pathways. They convey different types of molecules, including proteins, lipids and acid nucleics among which, miRNAs are the most widely studied. The cargo of EVs can be impacted by the culture or environmental conditions that MSCs encounter and by changes in the energy metabolism that regulate the functional properties of MSCs. On the other hand, MSC-derived EVs are also reported to impact the metabolism of target cells. In the present review, we discuss the role of MSC-EVs in the regulation of the energy metabolism and oxidative stress of target cells and tissues with a focus on the role of miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Loussouarn
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves-Marie Pers
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Bony
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Shen K, Jia Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Liu K, Wang J, Cai W, Li J, Li S, Zhao M, Wang Y, Hu D. Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells alleviate the inflammation and oxidative stress via regulating Nrf2/HO-1 axis in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:54-66. [PMID: 33476797 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ADSCs exosomes, an important means of intercellular communication, can regulate an array of biological processes, including promoting tissue repairs and regeneration, and attenuating inflammation. In this study, we found that ADSCs exosomes could polarize macrophage to an anti-inflammatory phenotype via regulating the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, and improve inflammatory reaction and injury of multi-organ in sepsis. We revealed that ADSCs exosomes could alleviate LPS induced accumulation of ROS and the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in macrophages. Western blot and Flow cytometry results indicated that expression of M1 markers (iNOS and CD86) in LPS stimulated macrophages were significantly declined, while M2 (Arg1 and CD206) were enhanced when pretreated with ADSCs exosomes. Besides, the stress-related molecule HO-1 was upregulated when pretreated with ADSCs exosomes. Further H0-1 interference experiment indicated that anti-inflammatory effect of ADSCs exosomes was dependent on HO-1. Moreover, ADSCs exosomes enhanced expression and nucleus translocation of Nrf2, while downregulated its negative mediator Keap1. In in vivo sepsis models, intravenous injection of ADSCs exosomes relieved inflammatory cytokines storm and organ injury, while promoted expression of HO-1. In conclusion, we proved that ADSCs exosomes alleviated LPS induced inflammation and exerted protective effect in sepsis via regulating Nrf2/HO-1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Shen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xujie Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. Address: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Kaituo Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shaohui Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yunchuan Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Nie W, Wu G, Zhong H, Xie HY. Membrane vesicles nanotheranostic systems: sources, engineering methods, and challenges. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:022009. [PMID: 33307545 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abd2c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell secretory native components with long-circulation, good biocompatibility, and physiologic barriers cross ability. EVs derived from different donor cells inherit varying characteristics and functions from their original cells and are favorable to serve as vectors for diagnosing and treating various diseases. However, EVs nanotheranostics are still in their infancy because of their limited accumulation at lesion sites and compromised therapy efficiency. Hence, engineering modification of EVs is usually needed to further enhance their stability, biological activity, and lesion-targeting capacity. Herein, we overview the characteristics of EVs from different sources, as well as the latest developments of surface engineering and cargo loading methods. We also focus especially on advances in EVs-based disease theranostics. At the end of the review, we predict the obstacles and prospects of the future clinical application of EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Nie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
121
|
Zhao M, Liu S, Wang C, Wang Y, Wan M, Liu F, Gong M, Yuan Y, Chen Y, Cheng J, Lu Y, Liu J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Mitochondrial Damage and Inflammation by Stabilizing Mitochondrial DNA. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1519-1538. [PMID: 33369392 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key feature of injury to numerous tissues and stem cell aging. Although the tissue regenerative role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) is well known, their specific role in regulating mitochondrial function in target cells remains elusive. Here, we report that MSC-EVs attenuated mtDNA damage and inflammation after acute kidney injury (AKI) and that this effect was at least partially dependent on the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) pathway. In detail, TFAM and mtDNA were depleted by oxidative stress in MSCs from aged or diabetic donors. Higher levels of TFAM mRNA and mtDNA were detected in normal control (NC) MSC-EVs than in TFAM-knockdown (TFAM-KD) and aged EVs. EV-mediated TFAM mRNA transfer in recipient cells was unaffected by transcriptional inhibition. Accordingly, the application of MSC-EVs restored TFAM protein and TFAM-mtDNA complex (nucleoid) stability, thereby reversing mtDNA deletion and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) defects in injured renal tubular cells. Loss of TFAM also led to downregulation of multiple anti-inflammatory miRNAs and proteins in MSC-EVs. In vivo, intravenously injected EVs primarily accumulated in the liver, kidney, spleen, and lung. MSC-EVs attenuated renal lesion formation, mitochondrial damage, and inflammation in mice with AKI, whereas EVs from TFAM-KD or aged MSCs resulted in poor therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, TFAM overexpression (TFAM-OE) improved the rescue effect of MSC-EVs on mitochondrial damage and inflammation to some extent. This study suggests that MSC-EVs are promising nanotherapeutics for diseases characterized by mitochondrial damage, and TFAM signaling is essential for maintaining their regenerative capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng Gong
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Li JK, Yang C, Su Y, Luo JC, Luo MH, Huang DL, Tu GW, Luo Z. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Acute Kidney Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684496. [PMID: 34149726 PMCID: PMC8209464 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and potential life-threatening disease in patients admitted to hospital, affecting 10%-15% of all hospitalizations and around 50% of patients in the intensive care unit. Severe, recurrent, and uncontrolled AKI may progress to chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease. AKI thus requires more efficient, specific therapies, rather than just supportive therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be promising cells for cellular therapy because of their ease of harvesting, low immunogenicity, and ability to expand in vitro. Recent research indicated that the main therapeutic effects of MSCs were mediated by MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). Furthermore, compared with MSCs, MSC-EVs have lower immunogenicity, easier storage, no tumorigenesis, and the potential to be artificially modified. We reviewed the therapeutic mechanism of MSCs and MSC-EVs in AKI, and considered recent research on how to improve the efficacy of MSC-EVs in AKI. We also summarized and analyzed the potential and limitations of EVs for the treatment of AKI to provide ideas for future clinical trials and the clinical application of MSC-EVs in AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Kun Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Chao Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Hao Luo
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Lei Huang
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhe Luo, ; Guo-Wei Tu,
| | - Guo-Wei Tu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhe Luo, ; Guo-Wei Tu,
| | - Zhe Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhe Luo, ; Guo-Wei Tu,
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Emerging strategies for labeling and tracking of extracellular vesicles. J Control Release 2020; 328:141-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
124
|
Xu HK, Chen LJ, Zhou SN, Li YF, Xiang C. Multifunctional role of microRNAs in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in treatment of diseases. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1276-1294. [PMID: 33312398 PMCID: PMC7705472 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells can be replaced by exosomes for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, injury repair, degenerative diseases, and tumors. Exosomes are small vesicles rich in a variety of nucleic acids [including messenger RNA, Long non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA], proteins, and lipids. Exosomes can be secreted by most cells in the human body and are known to play a key role in the communication of information and material transport between cells. Like exosomes, miRNAs were neglected before their role in various activities of organisms was discovered. Several studies have confirmed that miRNAs play a vital role within exosomes. This review focuses on the specific role of miRNAs in MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) and the methods commonly used by researchers to study miRNAs in exosomes. Taken together, miRNAs from MSC-exosomes display immense potential and practical value, both in basic medicine and future clinical applications, in treating several diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Kang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Si-Ning Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Charlie Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Wang Z, Wang L, Luo J, Zhang J. Protection against acute renal injury by naturally occurring medicines which act through Nrf2 signaling pathway. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13556. [PMID: 33152804 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cellular defense pathway plays a key role in maintaining the homeostasis, tissues and organisms. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as a key cell signaling pathway, plays an important role in encoding detoxification enzymes and other stress response mediators. Recent studies have shown that it is closely related to the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI). Therefore, this article reviews the protective effects of Nrf2-related signaling pathways on acute kidney injury, and summarizes the strategies of natural pharmaceutical ingredients such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes, phenylpropionic acid, polyphenols, and polysaccharides to prevent and treat acute kidney injury. It is of great significance to further study the relationship between Nrf2 regulated signal pathway and kidney disease and the development of new medicines for acute kidney injury treatment. It can also provide new ideas and treatment strategies for clinical treatment of acute kidney injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This article reviewed the mechanisms by which the active ingredients of natural medicines slow down acute kidney injury through the Nrf2 pathway. It will help us to understand the regulatory role of the Nrf2 pathway in AKI more comprehensively, and provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism of more natural drugs to reduce acute kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Changchun Institute of Technology School of Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jiacheng Luo
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Changchun Institute of Technology School of Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Ma Y, Yan C, Guo Z, Tan G, Niu D, Li Y, Zhu W. Spatio‐Temporally Reporting Dose‐Dependent Chemotherapy via Uniting Dual‐Modal MRI/NIR Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21143-21150. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Guang Tan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Dechao Niu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wei‐Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Ma Y, Yan C, Guo Z, Tan G, Niu D, Li Y, Zhu W. Spatio‐Temporally Reporting Dose‐Dependent Chemotherapy via Uniting Dual‐Modal MRI/NIR Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Guang Tan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Dechao Niu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wei‐Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Shao S, Fang H, Li Q, Wang G. Extracellular vesicles in Inflammatory Skin Disorders: from Pathophysiology to Treatment. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9937-9955. [PMID: 32929326 PMCID: PMC7481415 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), naturally secreted by almost all known cell types into extracellular space, can transfer their bioactive cargos of nucleic acids and proteins to recipient cells, mediating cell-cell communication. Thus, they participate in many pathogenic processes including immune regulation, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell death, angiogenesis, among others. Cumulative evidence has shown the important regulatory effects of EVs on the initiation and progression of inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. In dermatology, recent studies indicate that EVs play key immunomodulatory roles in inflammatory skin disorders, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, bullous pemphigoid, systemic lupus erythematosus, and wound healing. Importantly, EVs can be used as biomarkers of pathophysiological states and/or therapeutic agents, both as carriers of drugs or even as a drug by themselves. In this review, we will summarize current research advances of EVs from different cells and their implications in inflammatory skin disorders, and further discuss their future applications, updated techniques, and challenges in clinical translational medicine.
Collapse
|
129
|
Liu S, Xu X, Liang S, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Qian A, Hu L. The Application of MSCs-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Disorders: Novel Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:619. [PMID: 32793590 PMCID: PMC7387669 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is crucial for supporting the body, protecting other organs, providing minerals, and secreting hormone to regulate other organ's function. Bone disorders result in pain and disability, severely affecting human health, reducing the quality of life and increasing costs to society. With the rapid increase in the aging population worldwide, bone disorders have become one major disease. As a result, efficacious therapies of bone disorders have become the focus of attention worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely explored as a new therapeutic method for numerous diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are mainly mediated by their extracellular vesicles (EV). MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (MSCs-EV) is indicated as a novel cell-free alternative to cell therapy with MSCs in regenerative medicine. Here, we review the current knowledge of EV and highlight the application studies of MSCs-EV in bone disorders by focusing on osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis (OP), and bone fracture. Moreover, we discuss the key issues and perspectives of MSCs-EV as a clinical therapeutic strategy for bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shujing Liang
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- Laboratary for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|