101
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Rehm FBH, Chen S, Rehm BHA. Bioengineering toward direct production of immobilized enzymes: A paradigm shift in biocatalyst design. Bioengineered 2017; 9:6-11. [PMID: 28463573 PMCID: PMC5972917 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2017.1325040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for cost-effectively produced and improved biocatalysts for industrial, pharmaceutical and environmental processes is steadily increasing. While enzyme properties themselves can be improved via protein engineering, immobilization by attachment to carrier materials remains a critical step for stabilization and process implementation. A new emerging immobilization approach, the in situ immobilization, enables simultaneous production of highly active enzymes and carrier materials using bioengineering/synthetic biology of microbial cells. In situ enzyme immobilization holds the promise of cost-effective production of highly functional immobilized biocatalysts for uses such as in bioremediation, drug synthesis, bioenergy and food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian B H Rehm
- a Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Shuxiong Chen
- b Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- b Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand.,c Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong , Australia
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102
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Cytoplasmic versus periplasmic expression of site-specifically and bioorthogonally functionalized nanobodies using expressed protein ligation. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 133:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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103
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Silvius JR, Leventis R. A Novel “Prebinding” Strategy Dramatically Enhances Sortase-Mediated Coupling of Proteins to Liposomes. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1271-1282. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R. Silvius
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, Canada H3G 1A9
| | - Rania Leventis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, Canada H3G 1A9
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104
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Du K, Zhao J, Sun J, Feng W. Specific Ligation of Two Multimeric Enzymes with Native Peptides and Immobilization with Controlled Molar Ratio. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1166-1175. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Du
- Department of Biochemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Department of Biochemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Biochemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Biochemical
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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105
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Qafari SM, Ahmadian G, Mohammadi M. One-step purification and oriented attachment of protein A on silica and graphene oxide nanoparticles using sortase-mediated immobilization. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12128h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One-step purification and oriented immobilization of protein A on functionalized carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehdi Qafari
- Systems Biotechnology Department
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB)
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ahmadian
- Systems Biotechnology Department
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB)
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Bioprocess Engineering Department
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB)
- Tehran
- Iran
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106
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Maza JC, Howard CA, Vipani MA, Travis CR, Young DD. Utilization of alkyne bioconjugations to modulate protein function. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:30-33. [PMID: 27894869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to introduce or modify protein function has widespread application to multiple scientific disciplines. The introduction of unique unnatural amino acids represents an excellent mechanism to incorporate new functionality; however, this approach is limited by ability of the translational machinery to recognize and incorporate the chemical moiety. To overcome this potential limitation, we aimed to exploit the functionality of existing unnatural amino acids to perform bioorthogonal reactions to introduce the desired protein modification, altering its function. Specifically, via the introduction of a terminal alkyne containing unnatural amino acid, we demonstrated chemically programmable protein modification through the Glaser-Hay coupling to other terminal alkynes, altering the function of a protein. In a proof-of-concept experiment, this approach has been utilized to modify the fluorescence spectrum of green fluorescent protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan C Maza
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
| | - Christina A Howard
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
| | - Megha A Vipani
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
| | - Christopher R Travis
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
| | - Douglas D Young
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA.
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107
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Rehm FBH, Chen S, Rehm BHA. Enzyme Engineering for In Situ Immobilization. Molecules 2016; 21:E1370. [PMID: 27754434 PMCID: PMC6273058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are used as biocatalysts in a vast range of industrial applications. Immobilization of enzymes to solid supports or their self-assembly into insoluble particles enhances their applicability by strongly improving properties such as stability in changing environments, re-usability and applicability in continuous biocatalytic processes. The possibility of co-immobilizing various functionally related enzymes involved in multistep synthesis, conversion or degradation reactions enables the design of multifunctional biocatalyst with enhanced performance compared to their soluble counterparts. This review provides a brief overview of up-to-date in vitro immobilization strategies while focusing on recent advances in enzyme engineering towards in situ self-assembly into insoluble particles. In situ self-assembly approaches include the bioengineering of bacteria to abundantly form enzymatically active inclusion bodies such as enzyme inclusions or enzyme-coated polyhydroxyalkanoate granules. These one-step production strategies for immobilized enzymes avoid prefabrication of the carrier as well as chemical cross-linking or attachment to a support material while the controlled oriented display strongly enhances the fraction of accessible catalytic sites and hence functional enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian B H Rehm
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Shuxiong Chen
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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108
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Meldal M, Schoffelen S. Recent advances in covalent, site-specific protein immobilization. F1000Res 2016; 5:F1000 Faculty Rev-2303. [PMID: 27785356 PMCID: PMC5022707 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9002.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of biosensors, biomedical implants, and other materials based on immobilized proteins greatly depend on the method employed to couple the protein molecules to their solid support. Covalent, site-specific immobilization strategies are robust and can provide the level of control that is desired in this kind of application. Recent advances include the use of enzymes, such as sortase A, to couple proteins in a site-specific manner to materials such as microbeads, glass, and hydrogels. Also, self-labeling tags such as the SNAP-tag can be employed. Last but not least, chemical approaches based on bioorthogonal reactions, like the azide-alkyne cycloaddition, have proven to be powerful tools. The lack of comparative studies and quantitative analysis of these immobilization methods hampers the selection process of the optimal strategy for a given application. However, besides immobilization efficiency, the freedom in selecting the site of conjugation and the size of the conjugation tag and the researcher's expertise regarding molecular biology and/or chemical techniques will be determining factors in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Meldal
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanne Schoffelen
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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109
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Cruz-Teran CA, Carlin KB, Efimenko K, Genzer J, Rao BM. Targeted Mutagenesis and Combinatorial Library Screening Enables Control of Protein Orientation on Surfaces and Increased Activity of Adsorbed Proteins. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8660-8667. [PMID: 27490089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
While nonspecific adsorption is widely used for immobilizing proteins on solid surfaces, the random nature of protein adsorption may reduce the activity of immobilized proteins due to occlusion of the active site. We hypothesized that the orientation a protein assumes on a given surface can be controlled by systematically introducing mutations into a region distant from its active site, thereby retaining activity of the immobilized protein. To test this hypothesis, we generated a combinatorial protein library by randomizing six targeted residues in a binding protein derived from highly stable, nonimmunoglobulin Sso7d scaffold; mutations were targeted in a region that is distant from the binding site. This library was screened to isolate binders that retain binding to its cognate target (chicken immunoglobulin Y, cIgY) as well as exhibit adsorption on unmodified silica at pH 7.4 and high ionic strength conditions. A single mutant, Sso7d-2B5, was selected for further characterization. Sso7d-2B5 retained binding to cIgY with an apparent dissociation constant similar to that of the parent protein; both mutant and parent proteins saturated the surface of silica with similar densities. Strikingly, however, silica beads coated with Sso7d-2B5 could achieve up to 7-fold higher capture of cIgY than beads coated with the parent protein. These results strongly suggest that mutations introduced in Sso7d-2B5 alter its orientation relative to the parent protein, when adsorbed on silica surfaces. Our approach also provides a generalizable strategy for introducing mutations in proteins so as to improve their activity upon immobilization, and has direct relevance to development of protein-based biosensors and biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Cruz-Teran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kevin B Carlin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kirill Efimenko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Balaji M Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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110
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Díaz-Ayala R, Moya-Rodríguez A, Pietri R, Cadilla CL, López-Garriga J. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a (Lys)6-Tagged Sulfide-Reactive Hemoglobin I from Lucina pectinata. Mol Biotechnol 2016; 57:1050-62. [PMID: 26482241 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A poly-Lys tag was fused to the Lucina pectinata hemoglobin I (HbI) coding sequence and purified using an efficient and fast process. HbI is a hemeprotein that binds hydrogen sulfide (H2S) with high affinity and it has been used to understand physiologically relevant reactions of this signaling molecule. The (Lys)6-tagged rHbI construct was expressed in E. coli and purified by immobilization on a cation exchange matrix, followed by size-exclusion chromatography. The identity, structure, and function of the (Lys)6-tagged rHbI were assessed by mass spectrometry, small and wide X-ray scattering, optical spectroscopy, and kinetic analysis. The scattering and spectroscopic results showed that the (Lys)6-tagged rHbI is structurally and functionally analogous to the native protein as well as to the (His)6-tagged rHbI. Kinetics studies with H2S indicated that the association (k on) and dissociation (k off) rate constants were 1.4 × 10(5)/M/s and 0.1 × 10(-3)/s, respectively. This results confirmed that the (Lys)6-tagged rHbI binds H2S with the same high affinity as its homologue.
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111
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Piscitelli A, Pennacchio A, Longobardi S, Velotta R, Giardina P. Vmh2 hydrophobin as a tool for the development of “self-immobilizing” enzymes for biosensing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:46-52. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Piscitelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; via Cinthia Naples 4 80126 Italy
| | - Anna Pennacchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; via Cinthia Naples 4 80126 Italy
| | - Sara Longobardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; via Cinthia Naples 4 80126 Italy
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Naples Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; via Cinthia Naples 4 80126 Italy
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112
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Li M, Yue Y, Zhang ZJ, Wang ZY, Tan TW, Fan LH. Site-Specific and High-Loading Immobilization of Proteins by Using Cohesin-Dockerin and CBM-Cellulose Interactions. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1579-83. [PMID: 27357145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of enzymes enhances their properties for application in industrial processes as reusable and robust biocatalysts. Here, we developed a new immobilization method by mimicking the natural cellulosome system. A group of cohesin and carbohydrate-binding module (CBM)-containing scaffoldins were genetically engineered, and their length was controlled by cohesin number. To use green fluorescent protein (GFP) as an immobilization model, its C-terminus was fused with a dockerin domain. GFP was able to specifically bind to scaffoldin via cohesin-dockerin interaction, while the scaffoldin could attach to cellulose by CBM-cellulose interaction. Our results showed that this mild and convenient approach was able to achieve site-specific immobilization, and the maximum GFP loading capacity reached ∼0.508 μmol/g cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beisanhuan East Road #15, Beijing, China 100029
| | - Yi Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beisanhuan East Road #15, Beijing, China 100029
| | - Zi-Jian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beisanhuan East Road #15, Beijing, China 100029
| | - Zai-Yu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beisanhuan East Road #15, Beijing, China 100029
| | - Tian-Wei Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beisanhuan East Road #15, Beijing, China 100029
| | - Li-Hai Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beisanhuan East Road #15, Beijing, China 100029
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113
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Ta DT, Guedens W, Vranken T, Vanschoenbeek K, Steen Redeker E, Michiels L, Adriaensens P. Enhanced Biosensor Platforms for Detecting the Atherosclerotic Biomarker VCAM1 Based on Bioconjugation with Uniformly Oriented VCAM1-Targeting Nanobodies. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 6:bios6030034. [PMID: 27399790 PMCID: PMC5039653 DOI: 10.3390/bios6030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Surface bioconjugation of biomolecules has gained enormous attention for developing advanced biomaterials including biosensors. While conventional immobilization (by physisorption or covalent couplings using the functional groups of the endogenous amino acids) usually results in surfaces with low activity, reproducibility and reusability, the application of methods that allow for a covalent and uniformly oriented coupling can circumvent these limitations. In this study, the nanobody targeting Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (NbVCAM1), an atherosclerotic biomarker, is engineered with a C-terminal alkyne function via Expressed Protein Ligation (EPL). Conjugation of this nanobody to azidified silicon wafers and Biacore™ C1 sensor chips is achieved via Copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) “click” chemistry to detect VCAM1 binding via ellipsometry and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), respectively. The resulting surfaces, covered with uniformly oriented nanobodies, clearly show an increased antigen binding affinity, sensitivity, detection limit, quantitation limit and reusability as compared to surfaces prepared by random conjugation. These findings demonstrate the added value of a combined EPL and CuAAC approach as it results in strong control over the surface orientation of the nanobodies and an improved detecting power of their targets—a must for the development of advanced miniaturized, multi-biomarker biosensor platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Tien Ta
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Can Tho University of Technology, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam.
| | - Wanda Guedens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
| | - Tom Vranken
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
| | - Katrijn Vanschoenbeek
- Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute (Biomed) and School of Life Sciences, Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
| | - Erik Steen Redeker
- Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
| | - Luc Michiels
- Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute (Biomed) and School of Life Sciences, Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
- Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium.
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114
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Mejía-Manzano LA, González-Valdez J, Mayolo-Deloisa K, Escalante-Vázquez EJ, Rito-Palomares M. Covalent immobilization of antibodies for the preparation of immunoaffinity chromatographic supports. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1174264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Mejía-Manzano
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - José González-Valdez
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Karla Mayolo-Deloisa
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
| | | | - Marco Rito-Palomares
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
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115
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Qi YK, Chang HN, Pan KM, Tian CL, Zheng JS. Total chemical synthesis of the site-selective azide-labeled [I66A]HIV-1 protease. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:14632-5. [PMID: 26289550 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04846j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The first total chemical synthesis of the site-selective azide-labeled [I66A]HIV-1 protease is described by native chemical ligation. Chemical synthesis of azide-labeled proteins would provide useful protein tools for biochemical, biophysical or medical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kun Qi
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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116
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Guzman NA, Guzman DE. An emerging micro-scale immuno-analytical diagnostic tool to see the unseen. Holding promise for precision medicine and P4 medicine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1021:14-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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117
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Matsumoto T, Isogawa Y, Minamihata K, Tanaka T, Kondo A. Twigged streptavidin polymer as a scaffold for protein assembly. J Biotechnol 2016; 225:61-6. [PMID: 27002233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein assemblies are an emerging tool that is finding many biological and bioengineering applications. We here propose a method for the site-specific assembly of proteins on a twigged streptavidin (SA) polymer using streptavidin as a functional scaffold. SA was genetically appended with a G tag (sortase A recognition sequence) and a Y tag (HRP recognition sequence) on its N- and C-termini, respectively, to provide G-SA-Y. G-SA-Y was polymerized using HPR-mediated tyrosine coupling, then fluorescent proteins were immobilized on the polymer by biotin-SA affinity and sortase A-mediated ligation. Fluorescence measurements showed that the proteins were immobilized in close proximity to each other. Hydrolyzing enzymes were also functionally assembled on the G-SA-Y polymer. The site-specific assembly of proteins on twigged SA polymer may find new applications in various biological and bioengineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsumoto
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Isogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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118
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Wegner SV, Schenk FC, Spatz JP. Cobalt(III)-Mediated Permanent and Stable Immobilization of Histidine-Tagged Proteins on NTA-Functionalized Surfaces. Chemistry 2016; 22:3156-62. [PMID: 26809102 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We present the cobalt(III)-mediated interaction between polyhistidine (His)-tagged proteins and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-modified surfaces as a general approach for a permanent, oriented, and specific protein immobilization. In this approach, we first form the well-established Co(2+) -mediated interaction between NTA and His-tagged proteins and subsequently oxidize the Co(2+) center in the complex to Co(3+) . Unlike conventionally used Ni(2+) - or Co(2+) -mediated immobilization, the resulting Co(3+) -mediated immobilization is resistant toward strong ligands, such as imidazole and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and washing off over time because of the high thermodynamic and kinetic stability of the Co(3+) complex. This immobilization method is compatible with a wide variety of surface coatings, including silane self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on glass, thiol SAMs on gold surfaces, and supported lipid bilayers. Furthermore, once the cobalt center has been oxidized, it becomes inert toward reducing agents, specific and unspecific interactions, so that it can be used to orthogonally functionalize surfaces with multiple proteins. Overall, the large number of available His-tagged proteins and materials with NTA groups make the Co(3+) -mediated interaction an attractive and widely applicable platform for protein immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraphine V Wegner
- Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. .,Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Franziska C Schenk
- Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim P Spatz
- Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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119
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Kruis IC, Löwik DWPM, Boelens WC, van Hest JCM, Pruijn GJM. An integrated, peptide-based approach to site-specific protein immobilization for detection of biomolecular interactions. Analyst 2016; 141:5321-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00154h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific immobilization of proteins on a biosensor surface, based on leucine zipper interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilmar C. Kruis
- Radboud University
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Dennis W. P. M. Löwik
- Radboud University
- Department of Bio-organic Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert C. Boelens
- Radboud University
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Radboud University
- Department of Bio-organic Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Radboud University
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry
- Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science
- Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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120
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Zhang Y, Blanden MJ, Sudheer C, Gangopadhyay SA, Rashidian M, Hougland JL, Distefano MD. Simultaneous Site-Specific Dual Protein Labeling Using Protein Prenyltransferases. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2542-53. [PMID: 26561785 PMCID: PMC4769283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific protein labeling is an important technique in protein chemistry and is used for diverse applications ranging from creating protein conjugates to protein immobilization. Enzymatic reactions, including protein prenylation, have been widely exploited as methods to accomplish site-specific labeling. Enzymatic prenylation is catalyzed by prenyltransferases, including protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I), both of which recognize C-terminal CaaX motifs with different specificities and transfer prenyl groups from isoprenoid diphosphates to their respective target proteins. A number of isoprenoid analogues containing bioorthogonal functional groups have been used to label proteins of interest via PFTase-catalyzed reaction. In this study, we sought to expand the scope of prenyltransferase-mediated protein labeling by exploring the utility of rat GGTase-I (rGGTase-I). First, the isoprenoid specificity of rGGTase-I was evaluated by screening eight different analogues and it was found that those with bulky moieties and longer backbone length were recognized by rGGTase-I more efficiently. Taking advantage of the different substrate specificities of rat PFTase (rPFTase) and rGGTase-I, we then developed a simultaneous dual labeling method to selectively label two different proteins by using isoprenoid analogue and CaaX substrate pairs that were specific to only one of the prenyltransferases. Using two model proteins, green fluorescent protein with a C-terminal CVLL sequence (GFP-CVLL) and red fluorescent protein with a C-terminal CVIA sequence (RFP-CVIA), we demonstrated that when incubated together with both prenyltransferases and the selected isoprenoid analogues, GFP-CVLL was specifically modified with a ketone-functionalized analogue by rGGTase-I and RFP-CVIA was selectively labeled with an alkyne-containing analogue by rPFTase. By switching the ketone-containing analogue to an azide-containing analogue, it was possible to create protein tail-to-tail dimers in a one-pot procedure through the copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. Overall, with the flexibility of using different isoprenoid analogues, this system greatly extends the utility of protein labeling using prenyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | | | - Ch. Sudheer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | | | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - James L. Hougland
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244
| | - Mark D. Distefano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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121
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Randriamahazaka H, Ghilane J. Electrografting and Controlled Surface Functionalization of Carbon Based Surfaces for Electroanalysis. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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122
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Maza JC, McKenna JR, Raliski BK, Freedman MT, Young DD. Synthesis and Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acids To Probe and Optimize Protein Bioconjugations. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1884-9. [PMID: 26287719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) in bioconjugations is ideal due to their ability to confer a degree of bioorthogonality and specificity. In order to elucidate optimal conditions for the preparation of bioconjugates with UAAs, we synthesized 9 UAAs with variable methylene tethers (2-4) and either an azide, alkyne, or halide functional group. All 9 UAAs were then incorporated into green fluorescent protein (GFP) using a promiscuous aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The different bioconjugations were then analyzed for optimal tether length via reaction with either a fluorophore or a derivatized resin. Interestingly, the optimal tether length was found to be dependent on the type of reaction. Overall, these findings provide a better understanding of various parameters that can be optimized for the efficient preparation of bioconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan C Maza
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Jaclyn R McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Benjamin K Raliski
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Matthew T Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Douglas D Young
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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123
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Lühmann T, Jones G, Gutmann M, Rybak JC, Nickel J, Rubini M, Meinel L. Bio-orthogonal Immobilization of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 for Spatial Controlled Cell Proliferation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:740-746. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Lühmann
- Institute
of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Jones
- Institute
of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Institute
of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jens-Christoph Rybak
- Institute
of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Nickel
- Chair
of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Roentgenring 11, 97070 Wuerzburg Germany
- Translational
Center “Regenerative Therapies in Oncology and Musculoskeletal
Diseases” Wuerzburg, Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB), Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marina Rubini
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute
of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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124
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Ta DT, Redeker ES, Billen B, Reekmans G, Sikulu J, Noben JP, Guedens W, Adriaensens P. An efficient protocol towards site-specifically clickable nanobodies in high yield: cytoplasmic expression in Escherichia coli combined with intein-mediated protein ligation. Protein Eng Des Sel 2015; 28:351-63. [PMID: 26243885 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzv032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, several expression strategies were investigated in order to develop a generic, highly productive and efficient protocol to produce nanobodies modified with a clickable alkyne function at their C-terminus via the intein-mediated protein ligation (IPL) technique. Hereto, the nanobody targeting the vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (NbVCAM1) was used as a workhorse. The highlights of the protocol can be ascribed to a cytoplasmic expression of the nanobody-intein-chitin-binding domain fusion protein in the Escherichia coli SHuffle(®) T7 cells with a C-terminal extension, i.e. LEY, EFLEY or His6 spacer peptide, in the commonly used Luria-Bertani medium. The combination of these factors led to a high yield (up to 22 mg/l of culture) and nearly complete alkynation efficiency of the C-terminally modified nanobody via IPL. This yield can even be improved to ∼45 mg/l in the EnPresso(®) growth system but this method is more expensive and time-consuming. The resulting alkynated nanobodies retained excellent binding capacity towards the recombinant human VCAM1. The presented protocol benefits from time- and cost-effectiveness, which allows a feasible production up-scaling of generic alkynated nanobodies. The production of high quantities of site-specifically modified nanobodies paves the way to new biosurface applications that demand for a homogeneously oriented nanobody coupling. Prospectively, the alkynated nanobodies can be covalently coupled to a multitude of azide-containing counterparts, e.g. contrast labeling agents, particles or surfaces for numerous innovative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Tien Ta
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Can Tho University of Technology, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Erik Steen Redeker
- Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Brecht Billen
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium
| | - Gunter Reekmans
- Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium
| | - Josephine Sikulu
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Noben
- Biomedical Research Institute (Biomed) and School of Life Sciences, Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building C, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium
| | - Wanda Guedens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, Diepenbeek BE-3590, Belgium
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125
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Lockett MR, Smith LM. Carbon Substrates: A Stable Foundation for Biomolecular Arrays. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2015; 8:263-285. [PMID: 26048550 PMCID: PMC6287745 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071114-040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Since their advent in the early 1990s, microarray technologies have developed into a powerful and ubiquitous platform for biomolecular analysis. Microarrays consist of three major elements: the substrate upon which they are constructed, the chemistry employed to attach biomolecules, and the biomolecules themselves. Although glass substrates and silane-based attachment chemistries are used for the vast majority of current microarray platforms, these materials suffer from severe limitations in stability, due to hydrolysis of both the substrate material itself and of the silyl ether linkages employed for attachment. These limitations in stability compromise assay performance and render impossible many potential microarray applications. We describe here a suite of alternative carbon-based substrates and associated attachment chemistries for microarray fabrication. The substrates themselves, as well as the carbon-carbon bond-based attachment chemistries, offer greatly increased chemical stability, enabling a myriad of novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Lockett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599;
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126
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Lim SI, Kwon I. Bioconjugation of therapeutic proteins and enzymes using the expanded set of genetically encoded amino acids. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:803-15. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1048504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA and
| | - Inchan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA and
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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127
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Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh M, Parthasarathy R, Boder ET. Site-specific immobilization of protein layers on gold surfaces via orthogonal sortases. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 128:457-463. [PMID: 25773291 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a site-specific, sortase-mediated ligation to immobilize proteins layer-by-layer on a gold surface. Recombinant fluorescent proteins with a Sortase A recognition tag at the C-terminus were immobilized on peptide-modified gold surfaces. We used two sortases with different substrate specificities (Streptococcus pyogenes Sortase A and Staphylococcus aureus Sortase A) to immobilize layers of GFP and mCherry site-specifically on the gold surface. Surfaces were characterized using fluorescence and atomic force microscopy after immobilizing each layer of protein. Fluorescent micrographs showed that both protein immobilization on the modified gold surface and protein oligomerization are sortase-dependent. AFM images showed that either homogenous protein monolayers or layers of protein oligomers can be generated using appropriately tagged substrate proteins. Using Sortase A variants with orthogonal peptide substrate specificities, site-specific immobilization of appropriately tagged GFP onto a layer of immobilized mCherry was achieved without disruption of the underlying protein layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Ranganath Parthasarathy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19114, United States
| | - Eric T Boder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States.
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128
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Prasad KS, Walgama C, Krishnan S. Enhanced electroactivity and substrate affinity of microperoxidase-11 attached to pyrene-linkers π–π stacked on carbon nanostructure electrodes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14361b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An exceptionally large electroactively connected microperoxidase-11 (MP-11) with strong affinity for organic peroxide and offering a high electrocatalytic reduction current density of 7.5 mA cm−2 is achieved for the first time.
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129
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Braeken Y, Verstappen P, Lutsen L, Vanderzande D, Maes W. Synthesis of a multifunctional poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) scaffold with clickable azide-containing side chains for (bio)sensor applications. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00741k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Clickable poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) copolymers were designed and synthesized towards (bio)sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Braeken
- Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS)
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Hasselt University
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Pieter Verstappen
- Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS)
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Hasselt University
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Laurence Lutsen
- IMEC
- IMOMEC
- Universitaire Campus – Wetenschapspark 1
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Dirk Vanderzande
- Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS)
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Hasselt University
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Wouter Maes
- Design & Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS)
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC)
- Hasselt University
- B-3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
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130
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Lim SI, Cho J, Kwon I. Double clicking for site-specific coupling of multiple enzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13607-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04611d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel strategy to site-specifically couple multiple enzymes using two compatible click chemistries and site-specific incorporation of a clickable non-natural amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | - Jinhwan Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Inchan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
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131
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Oriented Immobilization and Characterization of a Poly-Lysine-Tagged Cephalosporin C Acylase on Glyoxyl Agarose Support. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:2114-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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132
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Surface plasmon resonance: advances of label-free approaches in the analysis of biological samples. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:3325-36. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance sensors have made vast advancements in the sensing technology and the number of applications achievable. New developments in surface plasmon resonance sensors have gained considerable momentum promoted by the urgent needs of fast, reliable and label-free methods for detection and quantification of analytes in molecular biology, medicine and other life sciences. However, even if enormous improvements in the limits of detections have been achieved, this technology still faces important challenges to be translated to clinical practice or in-field measurements. This paper reviews the important recent advances of this technology for the label-free detection in real biological samples and we discussed the key challenges to be overcome to transit from prototypes to commercial biosensors.
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133
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Sulaiman S, Mokhtar MN, Naim MN, Baharuddin AS, Sulaiman A. A Review: Potential Usage of Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) for Enzyme Immobilization via Covalent Interactions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1817-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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134
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Raliski BK, Howard CA, Young DD. Site-Specific Protein Immobilization Using Unnatural Amino Acids. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1916-20. [DOI: 10.1021/bc500443h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin K. Raliski
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Christina A. Howard
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Douglas D. Young
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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135
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Zhou Y, Guo T, Tang G, Wu H, Wong NK, Pan Z. Site-Selective Protein Immobilization by Covalent Modification of GST Fusion Proteins. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1911-5. [DOI: 10.1021/bc500347b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology,
School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili University Town, PKU Campus, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianlin Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology,
School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili University Town, PKU Campus, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guanghui Tang
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology,
School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili University Town, PKU Campus, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology,
School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili University Town, PKU Campus, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengying Pan
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology,
School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili University Town, PKU Campus, Shenzhen 518055, China
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136
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Prasse AA, Zauner T, Büttner K, Hoffmann R, Zuchner T. Improvement of an antibody-enzyme coupling yield by enzyme surface supercharging. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:88. [PMID: 25326050 PMCID: PMC4203919 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-014-0088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein cross-coupling reactions demand high yields, especially if the products are intended for bioanalytics, like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Amongst other factors, the coupling yield depends on the concentration of the proteins being used for coupling. Protein supercharging of enzymes can increase the solubility dramatically, which could promote enzyme-antibody coupling reactions. A highly soluble, supercharged variant of the enzyme human enteropeptidase light chain was created by a site-directed mutagenesis of surface amino acids, used for the production of an antibody-enzyme conjugate and compared to the wild type enzyme. Results Wild type and mutant enzyme could successfully be cross-coupled to an antibody to give antibody-enzyme conjugates suitable for ELISA. Their assay performances and the analysis of the enzyme activities in solution demonstrate that the supercharged version could be coupled to a higher extent, which resulted in better assay sensitivities. The generated conjugate, based on the supercharged enzyme, was feasible as a reporter molecule in a sandwich ELISA and allowed the detection of epidermal growth factor with a detection limit of 15.63 pg (25 pmol/L). Conclusion The highly soluble, surface supercharged, human enteropeptidase light chain mutant provided better yields in coupling the enzyme to an antibody than the wild type. This is most likely related to the higher protein concentration during the coupling. The data suggest that supercharging can be applied favourably to other proteins which have to be covalently linked to other polymers or surfaces with high yields without losses in enzyme activity or specificity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-014-0088-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta A Prasse
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Centre of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Zauner
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Centre of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Karin Büttner
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Centre of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Centre of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thole Zuchner
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Centre of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. .,Current address: Octapharma Biopharmaceuticals GmbH, Im Neuenheimer Feld 590, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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137
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Cho H, Jaworski J. Enzyme directed formation of un-natural side-chains for covalent surface attachment of proteins. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:846-850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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138
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Heck T, Pham PH, Hammes F, Thöny-Meyer L, Richter M. Continuous Monitoring of Enzymatic Reactions on Surfaces by Real-Time Flow Cytometry: Sortase A Catalyzed Protein Immobilization as a Case Study. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1492-500. [DOI: 10.1021/bc500230r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heck
- Laboratory
for Bioactive Materials, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Phu-Huy Pham
- Laboratory
for Bioactive Materials, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Hammes
- Department
of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Linda Thöny-Meyer
- Laboratory
for Bioactive Materials, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Michael Richter
- Laboratory
for Bioactive Materials, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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139
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Polyhydroyxalkanoate synthase fusions as a strategy for oriented enzyme immobilisation. Molecules 2014; 19:8629-43. [PMID: 24962396 PMCID: PMC6271518 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19068629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a carbon storage polymer produced by certain bacteria in unbalanced nutrient conditions. The PHA forms spherical inclusions surrounded by granule associate proteins including the PHA synthase (PhaC). Recently, the intracellular formation of PHA granules with covalently attached synthase from Ralstonia eutropha has been exploited as a novel strategy for oriented enzyme immobilisation. Fusing the enzyme of interest to PHA synthase results in a bifunctional protein able to produce PHA granules and immobilise the active enzyme of choice to the granule surface. Functionalised PHA granules can be isolated from the bacterial hosts, such as Escherichia coli, and maintain enzymatic activity in a wide variety of assay conditions. This approach to oriented enzyme immobilisation has produced higher enzyme activities and product levels than non-oriented immobilisation techniques such as protein inclusion based particles. Here, enzyme immobilisation via PHA synthase fusion is reviewed in terms of the genetic designs, the choices of enzymes, the control of enzyme orientations, as well as their current and potential applications.
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140
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Lim SI, Mizuta Y, Takasu A, Kim YH, Kwon I. Site-specific bioconjugation of a murine dihydrofolate reductase enzyme by copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition with retained activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98403. [PMID: 24887377 PMCID: PMC4041766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is an efficient reaction linking an azido and an alkynyl group in the presence of copper catalyst. Incorporation of a non-natural amino acid (NAA) containing either an azido or an alkynyl group into a protein allows site-specific bioconjugation in mild conditions via CuAAC. Despite its great potential, bioconjugation of an enzyme has been hampered by several issues including low yield, poor solubility of a ligand, and protein structural/functional perturbation by CuAAC components. In the present study, we incorporated an alkyne-bearing NAA into an enzyme, murine dihydrofolate reductase (mDHFR), in high cell density cultivation of Escherichia coli, and performed CuAAC conjugation with fluorescent azide dyes to evaluate enzyme compatibility of various CuAAC conditions comprising combination of commercially available Cu(I)-chelating ligands and reductants. The condensed culture improves the protein yield 19-fold based on the same amount of non-natural amino acid, and the enzyme incubation under the optimized reaction condition did not lead to any activity loss but allowed a fast and high-yield bioconjugation. Using the established conditions, a biotin-azide spacer was efficiently conjugated to mDHFR with retained activity leading to the site-specific immobilization of the biotin-conjugated mDHFR on a streptavidin-coated plate. These results demonstrate that the combination of reactive non-natural amino acid incorporation and the optimized CuAAC can be used to bioconjugate enzymes with retained enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Yukina Mizuta
- Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akinori Takasu
- Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yong Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inchan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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141
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Rodrigues RC, Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Torres R, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Amination of enzymes to improve biocatalyst performance: coupling genetic modification and physicochemical tools. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04625k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement of the features of an enzyme is in many instances a pre-requisite for the industrial implementation of these exceedingly interesting biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology Lab
- Institute of Food Science and Technology
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Oveimar Barbosa
- Escuela de Química
- Grupo de investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM)
- Edificio Camilo Torres 210
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Claudia Ortiz
- Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alicante
- Ap. 99-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Torres
- Escuela de Química
- Grupo de investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM)
- Edificio Camilo Torres 210
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Bucaramanga, Colombia
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