101
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Metabolomics of Human Brain Aging and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2014; 73:640-57. [DOI: 10.1097/nen.0000000000000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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102
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Garrec J, Monari A, Assfeld X, Mir LM, Tarek M. Lipid Peroxidation in Membranes: The Peroxyl Radical Does Not "Float". J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:1653-1658. [PMID: 26270361 DOI: 10.1021/jz500502q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation is a fundamental phenomenon in biology and medicine involved in a wide range of diseases. Some key microscopic aspects of this reaction in cell membranes are still poorly studied. In particular, it is commonly accepted that the propagation of the radical reaction in lipid bilayers is hampered by the rapid diffusion of peroxyl intermediates toward the water interface, that is, out of the reaction region. We investigated the validity of this "floating peroxyl radical" hypothesis by means of molecular modeling. Combining quantum calculations of model systems and atomistic simulations of lipid bilayers containing lipid oxidation products, we show that the peroxyl radical does not "float" at the surface of the membrane. Instead, it remains located quite deep inside the bilayer. In light of our findings, several critical aspects of biological membranes' peroxidation, such as their protection mechanisms, need to be revisited. Our data moreover help in the design of more efficient antioxidants, localized within reach of the reaction propagating radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Garrec
- †Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, CNRS, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
- ‡Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
| | - Antonio Monari
- †Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, CNRS, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
- ‡Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
| | - Xavier Assfeld
- †Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, CNRS, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
- ‡Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
| | - Lluis M Mir
- ¶Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Université Paris-Sud, UMR 8203, Orsay F-91405, France
- §Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, CNRS, UMR 8203, Orsay F-91405, France
- ∥Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Gustave Roussy, UMR 8203, Villjuif F-94805, France
| | - Mounir Tarek
- †Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, CNRS, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
- ‡Théorie-Modélisation-Simulation, SRSMC, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
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103
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Vasil’ev YV, Tzeng SC, Huang L, Maier CS. Protein modifications by electrophilic lipoxidation products: adduct formation, chemical strategies and tandem mass spectrometry for their detection and identification. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:157-82. [PMID: 24818247 PMCID: PMC4138024 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The post-translational modification of proteins by electrophilic oxylipids is emerging as an important mechanism that contributes to the complexity of proteomes. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation of biological lipids results in the formation of chemically diverse electrophilic carbonyl compounds, such as 2-alkenals and 4-hydroxy alkenals, epoxides, and eicosanoids with reactive cyclopentenone structures. These lipoxidation products are capable of modifying proteins. Originally considered solely as markers of oxidative insult, more recently the modifications of proteins by lipid peroxidation products are being recognized as a new mechanism of cell signaling with relevance to redox homeostasis, adaptive response and inflammatory resolution. The growing interest in protein modifications by reactive oxylipid species necessitates the availability of methods that are capable of detecting, identifying and characterizing these protein adducts in biological samples with high complexity. However, the efficient analysis of these chemically diverse protein adducts presents a considerable analytical challenge. We first provide an introduction into the chemistry and biological relevance of protein adductions by electrophilic lipoxidation products. We then provide an overview of tandem mass spectrometry approaches that have been developed in recent years for the interrogation of protein modifications by electrophilic oxylipid species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudia S. Maier
- Corresponding author: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall Phone: 541-737-9533 Fax: 541-737-2062
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104
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Involvement of DNA damage response pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:153867. [PMID: 24877058 PMCID: PMC4022277 DOI: 10.1155/2014/153867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been known as one of the most lethal human malignancies, due to the difficulty of early detection, chemoresistance, and radioresistance, and is characterized by active angiogenesis and metastasis, which account for rapid recurrence and poor survival. Its development has been closely associated with multiple risk factors, including hepatitis B and C virus infection, alcohol consumption, obesity, and diet contamination. Genetic alterations and genomic instability, probably resulted from unrepaired DNA lesions, are increasingly recognized as a common feature of human HCC. Dysregulation of DNA damage repair and signaling to cell cycle checkpoints, known as the DNA damage response (DDR), is associated with a predisposition to cancer and affects responses to DNA-damaging anticancer therapy. It has been demonstrated that various HCC-associated risk factors are able to promote DNA damages, formation of DNA adducts, and chromosomal aberrations. Hence, alterations in the DDR pathways may accumulate these lesions to trigger hepatocarcinogenesis and also to facilitate advanced HCC progression. This review collects some of the most known information about the link between HCC-associated risk factors and DDR pathways in HCC. Hopefully, the review will remind the researchers and clinicians of further characterizing and validating the roles of these DDR pathways in HCC.
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105
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Zhong H, Lu J, Xia L, Zhu M, Yin H. Formation of electrophilic oxidation products from mitochondrial cardiolipin in vitro and in vivo in the context of apoptosis and atherosclerosis. Redox Biol 2014; 2:878-83. [PMID: 25061570 PMCID: PMC4099507 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondrial cardiolipins (CL) are prone to free radical oxidation and this process appears to be intimately associated with multiple biological functions of mitochondria. Our previous work demonstrated that a significant amount of potent lipid electrophiles including 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4-HNE) was generated from CL oxidation through a novel chemical mechanism. Here we provide further evidence that a characteristic class of CL oxidation products, epoxyalcohol-aldehyde-CL (EAA-CL), is formed through this novel mechanism in isolated mice liver mitochondria when treated with the pro-apoptotic protein t-Bid to induce cyt c release. Generation of these oxidation products are dose-dependently attenuated by a peroxidase inhibitor acetaminophen (ApAP). Using a mouse model of atherosclerosis, we detected significant amount of these CL oxidation products in liver tissue of low density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR −/−) mice after Western diet feeding. Our studies highlight the importance of lipid electrophiles formation from CL oxidation in the settings of apoptosis and atherosclerosis as inhibition of CL oxidation and lipid electrophiles formation may have potential therapeutic value in diseases linked to oxidant stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions. 4-HNE and other electrophilic lipids are formed from mitochondrial cardiolipin. Novel electrophilic oxidation products EAA-CL were identified in vitro and in vivo. Level of EAA-CL in liver tissue of LDLR −/− mice is higher with Western diet feeding. ApAP dose-dependently inhibits EAA-CL formation during t-Bid induced cyt c release. CL electrophilic lipid formation is important in apoptosis and atherosclerosis.
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Key Words
- 4-HNE, 4-hydroxy-nonena
- 4-ONE, 4-oxo-2-nonenal
- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE)
- ALDH2, aldehyde dehydrogenase-2
- ApAP, acetaminophen
- Apoptosis
- Atherosclerosis
- BHT, butylate hydroxytoluene
- CL, cardiolipin cyt c cytochrome c
- Cardiolipin
- EAA-CL, epoxyalcohol-aldehyde-CL
- ESI, electrospray
- ETC, electron transport chain
- Epoxyalcohol-aldehyde-CL (EAA-CL)
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- HODE, hydroxyoctadienoic acid
- HpODE, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid
- KODE, keto-octadecadienoic acid
- L3OCL, trilinoleoyl oleoyl cardiolipin
- L4CL, tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin
- LA, linoleic acid
- LC–MS, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
- LDLR −/−, low density lipoprotein receptor knockout
- Lipid peroxidation
- Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)
- M4CL, tetramyristeoyl cardiolipin
- MRM, multiple reaction monitoring
- Mitochondria
- PHGPX, hospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase
- PUFAs, Polyunsaturated fatty acids
- Prdx3/Prx3, peroxiredoxin 3
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence to: Room 1826, New Life Science Building, 320 Yueyang Road, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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106
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Mishra S, Malhotra P, Gupta AK, Singh PK, Javed S, Kumar R. Semiquinone glucoside derivative (SQGD) isolated from Bacillus sp. INM-1 protects against gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:553-562. [PMID: 24561536 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, radioprotective potential of Semiquinone glucoside derivative (SQGD) isolated from radioresistant bacterium Bacillus sp. INM-1 was evaluated. γ-Radiation induced protein carbonylation, plasmid DNA damage, enzyme functional impairment, lipid peroxidation, HO radicals generation and their protection by SQGD was assessed. As a result of SQGD treatment, significant inhibition (p<0.05) in protein carbonylation was observed with BSA. SQGD treatment was found to restore supercoiled (~70±3.21%) form of irradiated plasmid DNA against γ-irradiation. SQGD protects enzymes (EcoR1 and BamH1) against radiation-induced dysfunctioning. SQGD significantly inhibited (p<0.05) lipid peroxidation in liposomes, brain and liver homogenate. Higher HO(•) radicals-averting activity of SQGD was observed in the serum and liver homogenate of C57BL/6 mice against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, SQGD demonstrates excellent radical-scavenging activity towards bio-macromolecules in irradiated environment and can be developed as an ideal radioprotector against radiation-induced oxidative stress in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Mishra
- Radiation Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Poonam Malhotra
- Radiation Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ashutosh K Gupta
- Radiation Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Praveen K Singh
- Radiation Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Saleem Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Radiation Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi 110062, India.
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107
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Comparison of nuclease activities of redox active and inactive binuclear mixed-polypyridyl complexes: zinc(II)/H2O2 and cadmium(II)/H2O2 systems display efficient nuclease activities. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-014-9803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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108
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Guan Y, Zhou G, Ye J. Fast Quantification of Salivary 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine as DNA Damage Biomarker Using CE with Electrochemical Detection. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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109
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Codreanu SG, Ullery JC, Zhu J, Tallman KA, Beavers WN, Porter NA, Marnett LJ, Zhang B, Liebler DC. Alkylation damage by lipid electrophiles targets functional protein systems. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:849-59. [PMID: 24429493 PMCID: PMC3945913 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.032953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein alkylation by reactive electrophiles contributes to chemical toxicities and oxidative stress, but the functional impact of alkylation damage across proteomes is poorly understood. We used Click chemistry and shotgun proteomics to profile the accumulation of proteome damage in human cells treated with lipid electrophile probes. Protein target profiles revealed three damage susceptibility classes, as well as proteins that were highly resistant to alkylation. Damage occurred selectively across functional protein interaction networks, with the most highly alkylation-susceptible proteins mapping to networks involved in cytoskeletal regulation. Proteins with lower damage susceptibility mapped to networks involved in protein synthesis and turnover and were alkylated only at electrophile concentrations that caused significant toxicity. Hierarchical susceptibility of proteome systems to alkylation may allow cells to survive sublethal damage while protecting critical cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona G Codreanu
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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110
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Kidane D, Chae WJ, Czochor J, Eckert KA, Glazer PM, Bothwell ALM, Sweasy JB. Interplay between DNA repair and inflammation, and the link to cancer. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 49:116-39. [PMID: 24410153 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.875514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage and repair are linked to cancer. DNA damage that is induced endogenously or from exogenous sources has the potential to result in mutations and genomic instability if not properly repaired, eventually leading to cancer. Inflammation is also linked to cancer. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONs) produced by inflammatory cells at sites of infection can induce DNA damage. RONs can also amplify inflammatory responses, leading to increased DNA damage. Here, we focus on the links between DNA damage, repair, and inflammation, as they relate to cancer. We examine the interplay between chronic inflammation, DNA damage and repair and review recent findings in this rapidly emerging field, including the links between DNA damage and the innate immune system, and the roles of inflammation in altering the microbiome, which subsequently leads to the induction of DNA damage in the colon. Mouse models of defective DNA repair and inflammatory control are extensively reviewed, including treatment of mouse models with pathogens, which leads to DNA damage. The roles of microRNAs in regulating inflammation and DNA repair are discussed. Importantly, DNA repair and inflammation are linked in many important ways, and in some cases balance each other to maintain homeostasis. The failure to repair DNA damage or to control inflammatory responses has the potential to lead to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Kidane
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Genetics
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111
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Tsutsui A, Imamaki R, Kitazume S, Hanashima S, Yamaguchi Y, Kaneda M, Oishi S, Fujii N, Kurbangalieva A, Taniguchi N, Tanaka K. Polyamine modification by acrolein exclusively produces 1,5-diazacyclooctanes: a previously unrecognized mechanism for acrolein-mediated oxidative stress. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:5151-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00761a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines were found to react with acrolein to produce 1,5-diazacyclooctane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Tsutsui
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Rie Imamaki
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitazume
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masato Kaneda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Almira Kurbangalieva
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory
- A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
- Kazan Federal University
- Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN
- Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory
- A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry
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112
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Carotenuto Y, Dattolo E, Lauritano C, Pisano F, Sanges R, Miralto A, Procaccini G, Ianora A. Insights into the transcriptome of the marine copepod Calanus helgolandicus feeding on the oxylipin-producing diatom Skeletonema marinoi. HARMFUL ALGAE 2014; 31:153-162. [PMID: 28040104 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms dominate productive regions in the oceans and have traditionally been regarded as sustaining the marine food chain to top consumers and fisheries. However, many of these unicellular algae produce cytotoxic oxylipins that impair reproductive and developmental processes in their main grazers, crustacean copepods. The molecular mode of action of diatoms and diatom oxylipins on copepods is still unclear. In the present study we generated two Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) libraries of the copepod Calanus helgolandicus feeding on the oxylipin-producing diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the cryptophyte Rhodomonas baltica as a control, using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Our aim was to investigate differences in the transcriptome between females fed toxic and non-toxic food and identify differentially expressed genes and biological processes targeted by this diatom. We produced 947 high quality ESTs from both libraries, 475 of which were functionally annotated and deposited in GenBank. Clustering and assembling of ESTs resulted in 376 unique transcripts, 200 of which were functionally annotated. Functional enirchment analysis between the two SSH libraries showed that ESTs belonging to biological processes such as response to stimuli, signal transduction, and protein folding were significantly over-expressed in the S. marinoi-fed C. helgolandicus compared to R. baltica-fed C. helgolandicus library. These findings were confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. In summary, 2 days of feeding on S. marinoi activated a generalized Cellular Stress Response (CSR) in C. helgolandicus, by over-expressing genes of molecular chaperones and signal transduction pathways that protect the copepod from the immediate effects of the diatom diet. Our results provide insights into the response of copepods to a harmful diatom diet at the transcriptome level, supporting the hypothesis that diatom oxylipins elicit a stress response in the receiving organism. They also increase the genomic resources for this copepod species, whose importance could become ever more relevant for pelagic ecosystem functioning in European waters due to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio Pisano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Remo Sanges
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Miralto
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
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113
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Correia NC, Gírio A, Antunes I, Martins LR, Barata JT. The multiple layers of non-genetic regulation of PTEN tumour suppressor activity. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:216-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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114
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Naudí A, Jové M, Ayala V, Portero-Otín M, Barja G, Pamplona R. Membrane lipid unsaturation as physiological adaptation to animal longevity. Front Physiol 2013; 4:372. [PMID: 24381560 PMCID: PMC3865700 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The appearance of oxygen in the terrestrial atmosphere represented an important selective pressure for ancestral living organisms and contributed toward setting up the pace of evolutionary changes in structural and functional systems. The evolution of using oxygen for efficient energy production served as a driving force for the evolution of complex organisms. The redox reactions associated with its use were, however, responsible for the production of reactive species (derived from oxygen and lipids) with damaging effects due to oxidative chemical modifications of essential cellular components. Consequently, aerobic life required the emergence and selection of antioxidant defense systems. As a result, a high diversity in molecular and structural antioxidant defenses evolved. In the following paragraphs, we analyze the adaptation of biological membranes as a dynamic structural defense against reactive species evolved by animals. In particular, our goal is to describe the physiological mechanisms underlying the structural adaptation of cellular membranes to oxidative stress and to explain the meaning of this adaptive mechanism, and to review the state of the art about the link between membrane composition and longevity of animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
| | - Gustavo Barja
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Complutense University Madrid, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida) Lleida, Spain
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115
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Li DD, Tao ZW. Nuclease activity of redox/non-redox active binuclear transition metal mixed-polypyridine complexes: [M2(1,4-tpbd)(diimine)2(H2O)2]4+, M = Zn, Co, Ni, Cd, diimine = phen, bpy, dafo. J COORD CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2013.866655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Li
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zun-Wei Tao
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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116
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Tsutsui A, Tanaka K. 2,6,9-Triazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes as overlooked amino-modification products by acrolein. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:7208-11. [PMID: 24057436 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of several primary amines with acrolein smoothly provided the corresponding 2,6,9-triazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes through a formal [4 + 4] reaction of the intermediary unsaturated imines. The reactivity profiles in aqueous media and the results from cytotoxic activity assays suggested that the caged products may be relevant in biological systems and may contribute to the mechanisms underlying the oxidative stress response to acrolein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Tsutsui
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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117
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Spencer MK, Radzinski NP, Tripathi S, Chowdhury S, Herrin RP, Chandran NN, Daniel AK, West JD. Pronounced toxicity differences between homobifunctional protein cross-linkers and analogous monofunctional electrophiles. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1720-9. [PMID: 24138115 DOI: 10.1021/tx400290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional electrophiles have been used in various chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic, and bioconjugate applications. Many of their effects in biological systems are traceable to their reactive properties, whereby they can modify nucleophilic sites in DNA, proteins, and other cellular molecules. Previously, we found that two different bifunctional electrophiles--diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and divinyl sulfone--exhibited a strong enhancement of toxicity when compared with analogous monofunctional electrophiles in both human colorectal carcinoma cells and baker's yeast. Here, we have compared the toxicities for a broader panel of homobifunctional electrophiles bearing diverse electrophilic centers (e.g., isothiocyanate, isocyanate, epoxide, nitrogen mustard, and aldehyde groups) to their monofunctional analogues. Each bifunctional electrophile showed at least a 3-fold enhancement of toxicity over its monofunctional counterpart, although in most cases, the differences were even more pronounced. To explain their enhanced toxicity, we tested the ability of each bifunctional electrophile to cross-link recombinant yeast thioredoxin 2 (Trx2), a known intracellular target of electrophiles. The bifunctional electrophiles were capable of cross-linking Trx2 to itself in vitro and to other proteins in cells exposed to toxic concentrations. Moreover, most cross-linkers were preferentially reactive with thiols in these experiments. Collectively, our results indicate that thiol-reactive protein cross-linkers in general are much more potent cytotoxins than analogous monofunctional electrophiles, irrespective of the electrophilic group studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Spencer
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, The College of Wooster , Wooster, Ohio 44691, United States
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118
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Vitturi DA, Chen CS, Woodcock SR, Salvatore SR, Bonacci G, Koenitzer JR, Stewart NA, Wakabayashi N, Kensler TW, Freeman BA, Schopfer FJ. Modulation of nitro-fatty acid signaling: prostaglandin reductase-1 is a nitroalkene reductase. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25626-25637. [PMID: 23878198 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.486282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, characterized by the activation of both resident and infiltrated immune cells, is accompanied by increased production of oxidizing and nitrating species. Nitrogen dioxide, the proximal nitrating species formed under these conditions, reacts with unsaturated fatty acids to yield nitroalkene derivatives. These electrophilic products modulate protein function via post-translational modification of susceptible nucleophilic amino acids. Nitroalkenes react with Keap1 to instigate Nrf2 signaling, activate heat shock response gene expression, and inhibit NF-κB-mediated signaling, inducing net anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective metabolic responses. We report the purification and characterization of a NADPH-dependent liver enzyme that reduces the nitroalkene moiety of nitro-oleic acid, yielding the inactive product nitro-stearic acid. Prostaglandin reductase-1 (PtGR-1) was identified as a nitroalkene reductase by protein purification and proteomic studies. Kinetic measurements, inhibition studies, immunological and molecular biology approaches as well as clinical analyses confirmed this identification. Overexpression of PtGR-1 in HEK293T cells promoted nitroalkene metabolism to inactive nitroalkanes, an effect that abrogated the Nrf2-dependent induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression by nitro-oleic acid. These results situate PtGR-1 as a critical modulator of both the steady state levels and signaling activities of fatty acid nitroalkenes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chen-Shan Chen
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicolas A Stewart
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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119
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Fritz KS, Petersen DR. An overview of the chemistry and biology of reactive aldehydes. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 59:85-91. [PMID: 22750507 PMCID: PMC3540155 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The nonenzymatic free radical generation of reactive aldehydes is known to contribute to diseases of sustained oxidative stress including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, and a number of liver diseases. At the same time, the accumulation of lipid electrophiles has been demonstrated to play a role in cell signaling events through modification of proteins critical for cellular homeostasis. Given the broad scope of reactivity profiles and the ability to modify numerous proteomic and genomic processes, new emphasis is being placed on a systems-based analysis of the consequences of electrophilic adduction. This review focuses on the generation and chemical reactivity of lipid-derived aldehydes with a special focus on the homeostatic responses to electrophilic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis R. Petersen
- Address correspondence to: Dennis R. Petersen, Ph.D. 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Campus Box C-238, Aurora, CO 80045. Fax: 303-724-7266,
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120
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Koen YM, Sarma D, Hajovsky H, Galeva NA, Williams TD, Staudinger JL, Hanzlik RP. Protein targets of thioacetamide metabolites in rat hepatocytes. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:564-74. [PMID: 23465048 PMCID: PMC3710294 DOI: 10.1021/tx400001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thioacetamide (TA) has long been known as a hepatotoxicant whose bioactivation requires S-oxidation to thioacetamide S-oxide (TASO) and then to the very reactive S,S-dioxide (TASO2). The latter can tautomerize to form acylating species capable of covalently modifying cellular nucleophiles including phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipids and protein lysine side chains. Isolated hepatocytes efficiently oxidize TA to TASO but experience little covalent binding or cytotoxicity because TA is a very potent inhibitor of the oxidation of TASO to TASO2. However, hepatocytes treated with TASO show extensive covalent binding to both lipids and proteins accompanied by extensive cytotoxicity. In this work, we treated rat hepatocytes with [(14)C]-TASO and submitted the mitochondrial, microsomal, and cytosolic fractions to 2DGE, which revealed a total of 321 radioactive protein spots. To facilitate the identification of target proteins and adducted peptides, we also treated cells with a mixture of TASO/[(13)C2D3]-TASO. Using a combination of 1DGE- and 2DGE-based proteomic approaches, we identified 187 modified peptides (174 acetylated, 50 acetimidoylated, and 37 in both forms) from a total of 88 nonredundant target proteins. Among the latter, 57 are also known targets of at least one other hepatotoxin. The formation of both amide- and amidine-type adducts to protein lysine side chains is in contrast to the exclusive formation of amidine-type adducts with PE phospholipids. Thiobenzamide (TB) undergoes the same two-step oxidative bioactivation as TA, and it also gives rise to both amide and amidine adducts on protein lysine side chains but only amidine adducts to PE lipids. Despite their similarity in functional group chemical reactivity, only 38 of 62 known TB target proteins are found among the 88 known targets of TASO. The potential roles of protein modification by TASO in triggering cytotoxicity are discussed in terms of enzyme inhibition, protein folding, and chaperone function, and the emerging role of protein acetylation in intracellular signaling and the regulation of biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakov M. Koen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Diganta Sarma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Heather Hajovsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Nadezhda A. Galeva
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Todd D. Williams
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Jeffrey L. Staudinger
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Robert P. Hanzlik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
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121
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Oloyede OB, Ajiboye TO, Komolafe YO. N-nitrosodiethylamine induced redox imbalance in rat liver: Protective role of polyphenolic extract of Blighia sapida arilli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fra.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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122
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Zhao Y, Gong T, Yu Z, Zhu S, He W, Ni T, Guo Z. Oxidative DNA cleavage promoted by polynuclear copper complexes bearing iminodiacetate chelator. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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123
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Naticchia MR, Brown HA, Garcia FJ, Lamade AM, Justice SL, Herrin RP, Morano KA, West JD. Bifunctional electrophiles cross-link thioredoxins with redox relay partners in cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:490-7. [PMID: 23414292 DOI: 10.1021/tx4000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin protects cells against oxidative damage by reducing disulfide bonds in improperly oxidized proteins. Previously, we found that the baker's yeast cytosolic thioredoxin Trx2 undergoes cross-linking to form several protein-protein complexes in cells treated with the bifunctional electrophile divinyl sulfone (DVSF). Here, we report that the peroxiredoxin Tsa1 and the thioredoxin reductase Trr1, both of which function in a redox relay network with thioredoxin, become cross-linked in complexes with Trx2 upon DVSF treatment. Treatment of yeast with other bifunctional electrophiles, including diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DAD), mechlorethamine (HN2), and 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB), resulted in the formation of similar cross-linked complexes. Cross-linking of Trx2 and Tsa1 to other proteins by DVSF and DAD is dependent on modification of the active site Cys residues within these proteins. In addition, the human cytosolic thioredoxin, cytosolic thioredoxin reductase, and peroxiredoxin 2 form cross-linked complexes to other proteins in the presence of DVSF, although each protein shows different susceptibilities to modification by DAD, HN2, and DEB. Taken together, our results indicate that bifunctional electrophiles potentially disrupt redox homeostasis in yeast and human cells by forming cross-linked complexes between thioredoxins and their redox partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Naticchia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio 44691, United States
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124
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Das DKR, Chakraborty A, Sinha M, Manna K, Mukherjee D, Chakraborty A, Bhattacharjee S, Dey S. Modulatory role of quercetin against gamma radiation-mediated biochemical and morphological alterations of red blood cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 89:471-81. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2013.767989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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125
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Tallman KA, Vila A, Porter NA, Marnett LJ. Measuring electrophile stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; Chapter 17:Unit17.11. [PMID: 23045010 DOI: 10.1002/0471140856.tx1711s40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids are primary targets during oxidative stress. Diffusible electrophilic α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), have been shown to modify proteins that mediate cell signaling and modify gene expression pathways. We describe a global strategy for identifying the protein targets of HNE modification. A similar approach can be used for any electrophiles derived from an oxidized lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri A Tallman
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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126
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Non-enzymatic modification of aminophospholipids by carbonyl-amine reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:3285-313. [PMID: 23385235 PMCID: PMC3588044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14023285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic modification of aminophospholipids by lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes and reducing sugars through carbonyl-amine reactions are thought to contribute to the age-related deterioration of cellular membranes and to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Much evidence demonstrates the modification of aminophospholipids by glycation, glycoxidation and lipoxidation reactions. Therefore, a number of early and advanced Maillard reaction-lipid products have been detected and quantified in different biological membranes. These modifications may be accumulated during aging and diabetes, introducing changes in cell membrane physico-chemical and biological properties.
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127
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Liu C, Zhu Y, Chen P, Tang M. Theoretical Simulations on Interactions of Mono- and Dinuclear Metallonucleases with DNA. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:1197-209. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306998f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Liu
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001,
PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001,
PR China
| | - Peipei Chen
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001,
PR China
| | - Mingsheng Tang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001,
PR China
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128
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Li DD, Zeng HH. Studies on the nuclease activity and interactions of the mixed-polypyridyl [Ni2
(1,3-tpbd)(diimine)2
(H2
O)2
]4+
complexes with thioredoxin reductase. Appl Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Hui-Hui Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine; Tianjin 300457 China
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129
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Paul S, Sengupta S, Bandyopadhyay TK, Bhattacharyya A. Stevioside Induced ROS-Mediated Apoptosis Through Mitochondrial Pathway in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7. Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:1087-94. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.712735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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130
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Mano J. Reactive carbonyl species: their production from lipid peroxides, action in environmental stress, and the detoxification mechanism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 59:90-7. [PMID: 22578669 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of lipid peroxide-derived aldehydes and ketones is a ubiquitous event in oxidative stress. The toxicity of these carbonyls, especially the α,β-unsaturated carbonyls (reactive carbonyls; RCS), in environmental-stressed plants has been demonstrated by several independent research groups, on the basis of the results that overexpression of different carbonyl-detoxifying enzymes commonly improved tolerance of the transgenic plants against environmental stresses. A positive correlation between the level of carbonyls and the stress-induced damage in these plants proves the cause-effect relationship between carbonyls and the cell injury. Comprehensive analysis of carbonyls has revealed that dozens of distinct RCS including highly toxic acrolein and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal are contained at nmol/g fresh weight levels in the tissues of non-stressed plants. Stress treatments of plants increase the levels of these RCS, likely reaching a sub-mM order, but in the transgenic plants overproducing RCS-detoxifying enzymes, their increase is significantly suppressed. Immunological analyses have demonstrated that in non-stressed cells several proteins are modified by RCS and the extent of modification is increased on stresses. In heat-stressed leaves, the inactivation of the oxygen-evolving complex was associated with selective modification of OEC33 protein and photosystem II core proteins. RCS consume glutathione and inactivate various enzymes in chloroplasts and mitochondria, thereby accelerating oxidative stress status. Thus RCS, formed downstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS), act in a way biochemically distinct from that of ROS and play critical roles in the plant responses to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun'ichi Mano
- Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan.
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131
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Kanner J, Gorelik S, Roman S, Kohen R. Protection by polyphenols of postprandial human plasma and low-density lipoprotein modification: the stomach as a bioreactor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:8790-8796. [PMID: 22530973 DOI: 10.1021/jf300193g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies dramatically showed that the removal of circulating modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) results in complete prevention of atherosclerosis. The gastrointestinal tract is constantly exposed to food, some of it containing oxidized compounds. Lipid oxidation in the stomach was demonstrated by ingesting heated red meat in rats. Red wine polyphenols added to the rats' meat diet prevented lipid peroxidation in the stomach and absorption of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat plasma. In humans, postprandial plasma MDA levels rose by 3-fold after a meal of red meat cutlets. MDA derived from meat consumption caused postprandial plasma LDL modification in human. The levels of plasma MDA showed a 75% reduction by consumption of red wine polyphenols during the meat meal. Locating the main biological site of action of polyphenols in the stomach led to a revision in the understanding of how antioxidants work in vivo and may help to elucidate the mechanism involved in the protective effects of polyphenols in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kanner
- Department of Food Science, ARO , Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
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132
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Burcham PC, Raso A, Kaminskas LM. Chaperone heat shock protein 90 mobilization and hydralazine cytoprotection against acrolein-induced carbonyl stress. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:876-86. [PMID: 22869587 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.078956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxic carbonyls such as acrolein participate in many degenerative diseases. Although the nucleophilic vasodilatory drug hydralazine readily traps such species under "test-tube" conditions, whether these reactions adequately explain its efficacy in animal models of carbonyl-mediated disease is uncertain. We have previously shown that hydralazine attacks carbonyl-adducted proteins in an "adduct-trapping" reaction that appears to take precedence over direct "carbonyl-sequestering" reactions, but how this reaction conferred cytoprotection was unclear. This study explored the possibility that by increasing the bulkiness of acrolein-adducted proteins, adduct-trapping might alter the redistribution of chaperones to damaged cytoskeletal proteins that are known targets for acrolein. Using A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells, the levels of chaperones heat shock protein (Hsp) 40, Hsp70, Hsp90, and Hsp110 were measured in intermediate filament extracts prepared after a 3-h exposure to acrolein. Exposure to acrolein alone modestly increased the levels of all four chaperones. Coexposure to hydralazine (10-100 μM) strongly suppressed cell ATP loss while producing strong adduct-trapping in intermediate filaments. Most strikingly, hydralazine selectively boosted the levels of cytoskeletal-associated Hsp90, including a high-mass species that was sensitive to the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin. Biochemical fractionation of acrolein- and hydralazine-treated cells revealed that hydralazine likely promoted Hsp90 migration from cytosol into other subcellular compartments. A role for Hsp90 mobilization in cytoprotection was confirmed by the finding that brief heat shock treatment suppressed acute acrolein toxicity in A549 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that by increasing the steric bulk of carbonyl-adducted proteins, adduct-trapping drugs trigger the intracellular mobilization of the key molecular chaperone Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Burcham
- Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Anaesthesiology Unit, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
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133
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West JD, Wang Y, Morano KA. Small molecule activators of the heat shock response: chemical properties, molecular targets, and therapeutic promise. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:2036-53. [PMID: 22799889 DOI: 10.1021/tx300264x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
All cells have developed various mechanisms to respond and adapt to a variety of environmental challenges, including stresses that damage cellular proteins. One such response, the heat shock response (HSR), leads to the transcriptional activation of a family of molecular chaperone proteins that promote proper folding or clearance of damaged proteins within the cytosol. In addition to its role in protection against acute insults, the HSR also regulates lifespan and protects against protein misfolding that is associated with degenerative diseases of aging. As a result, identifying pharmacological regulators of the HSR has become an active area of research in recent years. Here, we review progress made in identifying small molecule activators of the HSR, what cellular targets these compounds interact with to drive response activation, and how such molecules may ultimately be employed to delay or reverse protein misfolding events that contribute to a number of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D West
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA.
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134
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Sinha M, Das DK, Manna K, Datta S, Ray T, Sil AK, Dey S. Epicatechin ameliorates ionising radiation-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver. Free Radic Res 2012; 46:842-9. [PMID: 22497453 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2012.684245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The current study was intended to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Epicatechin (EC) against radiation-induced oxidative stress, in terms of inflammation and lipid peroxidation. Swiss albino mice were administered with EC (15 mg/kg body weight) for three consecutive days before exposing them to a single dose of 5-Gy (60)Co gamma (γ) irradiation. Mice were necropsied and livers were taken for immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis and biochemical tests for the detection of markers of hepatic oxidative stress. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and lipid peroxidation were increased whereas the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) content and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were diminished upon radiation exposure compared to control. Translocation of NF-κB from cytoplasm to nucleus and lipid peroxidation were found to be inhibited whereas an increase in SOD, CAT, GSH and FRAP was observed in the mice treated with EC prior to irradiation. Thus, pre-treatment with EC offers protection against γ-radiation induced hepatic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahuya Sinha
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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135
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Ullery JC, Marnett LJ. Protein modification by oxidized phospholipids and hydrolytically released lipid electrophiles: Investigating cellular responses. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2424-35. [PMID: 22562025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen is essential for the growth and function of mammalian cells. However, imbalances in oxygen or abnormalities in the ability of a cell to respond to oxygen levels can result in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays an important role in a number of diseases including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and asthma. When membrane lipids are exposed to high levels of oxygen or derived oxidants, they undergo lipid peroxidation to generate oxidized phospholipids (oxPL). Continual exposure to oxidants and decomposition of oxPL results in the formation of reactive electrophiles, such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). Reactive lipid electrophiles have been shown to covalently modify DNA and proteins. Furthermore, exposure of cells to lipid electrophiles results in the activation of cytoprotective signaling pathways in order to promote cell survival and recovery from oxidant stress. However, if not properly managed by cellular detoxification mechanisms, the continual exposure of cells to electrophiles results in cytotoxicity. The following perspective will discuss the biological importance of lipid electrophile protein adducts including current strategies employed to identify and isolate protein adducts of lipid electrophiles as well as approaches to define cellular signaling mechanisms altered upon exposure to electrophiles. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidized phospholipids-their properties and interactions with proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody C Ullery
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN, USA
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136
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Yin H, Zhu M. Free radical oxidation of cardiolipin: chemical mechanisms, detection and implication in apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and human diseases. Free Radic Res 2012; 46:959-74. [PMID: 22468920 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2012.676642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a mitochondria-specific phospholipid and is critical for maintaining the integrity of mitochondrial membrane and mitochondrial function. CL also plays an active role in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis by interacting with cytochrome c (cyt c), tBid and other important Bcl-2 proteins. The unique structure of CL with four linoleic acid side chains in the same molecule and its cellular location make it extremely susceptible to free radical oxidation by reactive oxygen species including free radicals derived from peroxidase activity of cyt c/CL complex, singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical. The free radical oxidation products of CL have been emerged as important mediators in apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the free radical chemical mechanisms that lead to CL oxidation, recent development in detection of oxidation products of CL by mass spectrometry and the implication of CL oxidation in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyong Yin
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism in Human Nutrition and Related Diseases, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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137
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Stemmer U, Hermetter A. Protein modification by aldehydophospholipids and its functional consequences. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2436-45. [PMID: 22450235 PMCID: PMC3790970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid aldehydes represent a particular subclass of lipid oxidation products. They are chemically reactive and can form Schiff bases with proteins and aminophospholipids. As chemically bound molecular entities they modulate the functional properties of biomolecules in solution and the surface of supramolecular systems including plasma lipoproteins and cell membranes. The lipid-protein and lipid-lipid conjugates may be considered the active primary platforms that are responsible for the biological effects of aldehydophospholipids, e.g. receptor binding, cell signaling, and recognition by the immune system. Despite the fact that aldehydophospholipids are covalently associated, they are subject to exchange between nucleophiles since their imine conjugates are not stable. As a consequence, aldehydophospholipids exist in a dynamic equilibrium between different "states" depending on the lipid and protein environment. Aldehydophospholipids may also contribute to the systemic administration and activity of oxidized phospholipids by inducing release of microparticles by cells. These effects are lipid-specific. Future studies should help clarify the mechanisms and consequences of these membrane-associated effects of "phospholipid stress". This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidized phospholipids-their properties and interactions with proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Stemmer
- Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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138
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Banerjee S, Christov P, Kozekova A, Rizzo CJ, Egli M, Stone MP. Replication bypass of the trans-4-Hydroxynonenal-derived (6S,8R,11S)-1,N(2)-deoxyguanosine DNA adduct by the sulfolobus solfataricus DNA polymerase IV. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:422-35. [PMID: 22313351 PMCID: PMC3285121 DOI: 10.1021/tx200460j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
trans-4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE) is the major peroxidation product of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in vivo. Michael addition of the N(2)-amino group of dGuo to HNE followed by ring closure of N1 onto the aldehyde results in four diastereomeric 1,N(2)-dGuo (1,N(2)-HNE-dGuo) adducts. The (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo adduct was incorporated into the 18-mer templates 5'-d(TCATXGAATCCTTCCCCC)-3' and d(TCACXGAATCCTTCCCCC)-3', where X = (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo adduct. These differed in the identity of the template 5'-neighbor base, which was either Thy or Cyt, respectively. Each of these templates was annealed with either a 13-mer primer 5'-d(GGGGGAAGGATTC)-3' or a 14-mer primer 5'-d(GGGGGAAGGATTCC)-3'. The addition of dNTPs to the 13-mer primer allowed analysis of dNTP insertion opposite to the (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo adduct, whereas the 14-mer primer allowed analysis of dNTP extension past a primed (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo:dCyd pair. The Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4) belongs to the Y-family of error-prone polymerases. Replication bypass studies in vitro reveal that this polymerase inserted dNTPs opposite the (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo adduct in a sequence-specific manner. If the template 5'-neighbor base was dCyt, the polymerase inserted primarily dGTP, whereas if the template 5'-neighbor base was dThy, the polymerase inserted primarily dATP. The latter event would predict low levels of Gua → Thy mutations during replication bypass when the template 5'-neighbor base is dThy. When presented with a primed (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo:dCyd pair, the polymerase conducted full-length primer extension. Structures for ternary (Dpo4-DNA-dNTP) complexes with all four template-primers were obtained. For the 18-mer:13-mer template-primers in which the polymerase was confronted with the (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo adduct, the (6S,8R,11S)-1,N(2)-dGuo lesion remained in the ring-closed conformation at the active site. The incoming dNTP, either dGTP or dATP, was positioned with Watson-Crick pairing opposite the template 5'-neighbor base, dCyt or dThy, respectively. In contrast, for the 18-mer:14-mer template-primers with a primed (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo:dCyd pair, ring opening of the adduct to the corresponding N(2)-dGuo aldehyde species occurred. This allowed Watson-Crick base pairing at the (6S,8R,11S)-HNE-1,N(2)-dGuo:dCyd pair.
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Abstract
Formation of covalent protein adducts by lipid electrophiles contributes to diseases and toxicities linked to oxidative stress, but analysis of the adducts presents a challenging analytical problem. We describe selective adduct capture using biotin affinity probes to enrich protein and peptide adducts for analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). One approach employs biotinamidohexanoic acid hydrazide to covalently label residual carbonyl groups on adducts. The other employs alkynyl analogs of lipid electrophiles, which form adducts that can be postlabeled with azidobiotin tags by Cu(+)-catalyzed cycloaddition (Click chemistry). To enhance the selectivity of adduct capture, we use an azidobiotin reagent with a photocleavable linker, which allows recovery of adducted proteins and peptides under mild conditions. This approach allows both the identification of protein targets of lipid electrophiles and sequence mapping of the adducts.
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140
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Zhang Y, Du Y, Le W, Wang K, Kieffer N, Zhang J. Redox control of the survival of healthy and diseased cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:2867-908. [PMID: 21457107 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Cellular redox homeostasis is the first line of defense against diverse stimuli and is crucial for various biological processes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), byproducts of numerous cellular events, may serve in turn as signaling molecules to regulate cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, when overproduced ROS fail to be scavenged by the antioxidant system, they may damage cellular components, giving rise to senescent, degenerative, or fatal lesions in cells. Accordingly, this review not only covers general mechanisms of ROS production under different conditions, but also focuses on various types of ROS-involved diseases, including atherosclerosis, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. In addition, potentially therapeutic agents and approaches are reviewed in a relatively comprehensive manner. However, due to the complexity of ROS and their cellular impacts, we believe that the goal to design more effective approaches or agents may require a better understanding of mechanisms of ROS production, particularly their multifaceted impacts in disease at biochemical, molecular, genetic, and epigenetic levels. Thus, it requires additional tools of omics in systems biology to achieve such a goal. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 15, 2867-2908.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
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141
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chen G. Structural analysis of zinc-finger (TTK) + [Cu(BPA)]2+ /[Cu(IDB)]2+ + DNA complexes: an investigation by molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Recognit 2011; 24:981-94. [PMID: 22038805 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the molecular dynamics simulation technique is employed to investigate the hydrogen abstraction possibility from sugar of DNA in two designed complexes of copper-based chemical nuclease [Cu(BPA)](2+) bis(2-pyridylmethyl) amine (BPA) or [Cu(IDB)](2+) N,N-bis(2-benzimidazolylmethyl) amine (IDB) bound to the zinc finger protein Tramtrack (TTK). The simulated results show that each of the designed complexes can form a stable conformation within 30 ns of simulation time with the substrate OOH(-) and an 18-base pair (bp) DNA segment and is located in the major groove of the DNA segment. The active terminal O atom of the OOH(-) substrate is found in close proximity to the target C2'H, C3'H, C4'H or C5'H proton of the DNA in TTK + [Cu(BPA)OOH](+) + DNA or TTK + [Cu(IDB)OOH](+) + DNA complex, which is crucial to propose the hydrogen abstraction possibility that is responsible for the DNA cleavage. The positions of copper-based chemical nucleases bound to TTK may substantially influence the hydrogen abstraction possibility. The structures and sizes of ligands in copper-based nucleases are also found to have influence on the order of difficulty of the hydrogen abstraction from the sugars of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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142
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Huang H, Wang H, Kozekova A, Rizzo CJ, Stone MP. Formation of a N2-dG:N2-dG carbinolamine DNA cross-link by the trans-4-hydroxynonenal-derived (6S,8R,11S) 1,N2-dG adduct. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:16101-10. [PMID: 21916419 PMCID: PMC3187658 DOI: 10.1021/ja205145q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
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Michael addition of trans-4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) to deoxyguanosine yields diastereomeric 1,N2-dG adducts in DNA. When placed opposite dC in the 5′-CpG-3′ sequence, the (6S,8R,11S) diastereomer forms a N2-dG:N2-dG interstrand cross-link [Wang, H.; Kozekov, I. D.; Harris, T. M.; Rizzo, C. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2003, 125, 5687–5700]. We refined its structure in 5′-d(G1C2T3A4G5C6X7A8G9T10C11C12)-3′·5′-d(G13G14A15C16T17C18Y19C20T21A22G23C24)-3′ [X7 is the dG adjacent to the C6 carbon of the cross-link or the α-carbon of the (6S,8R,11S) 1,N2-dG adduct, and Y19 is the dG adjacent to the C8 carbon of the cross-link or the γ-carbon of the HNE-derived (6S,8R,11S) 1,N2-dG adduct; the cross-link is in the 5′-CpG-3′ sequence]. Introduction of 13C at the C8 carbon of the cross-link revealed one 13C8→H8 correlation, indicating that the cross-link existed predominantly as a carbinolamine linkage. The H8 proton exhibited NOEs to Y19 H1′, C20 H1′, and C20 H4′, orienting it toward the complementary strand, consistent with the (6S,8R,11S) configuration. An NOE was also observed between the HNE H11 proton and Y19 H1′, orienting the former toward the complementary strand. Imine and pyrimidopurinone linkages were excluded by observation of the Y19N2H and X7 N1H protons, respectively. A strong H8→H11 NOE and no 3J(13C→H) coupling for the 13C8–O–C11–H11 eliminated the tetrahydrofuran species derived from the (6S,8R,11S) 1,N2-dG adduct. The (6S,8R,11S) carbinolamine linkage and the HNE side chain were located in the minor groove. The X7N2 and Y19N2 atoms were in the gauche conformation with respect to the linkage, maintaining Watson–Crick hydrogen bonds at the cross-linked base pairs. A solvated molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the anti conformation of the hydroxyl group with respect to C6 of the tether minimized steric interaction and predicted hydrogen bonds involving O8H with C20O2 of the 5′-neighbor base pair G5·C20 and O11H with C18O2 of X7·C18. These may, in part, explain the stability of this cross-link and the stereochemical preference for the (6S,8R,11S) configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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143
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Hsp70 expression as biomarkers of oxidative stress: Mycotoxins’ exploration. Toxicology 2011; 287:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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144
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Yin H, Xu L, Porter NA. Free Radical Lipid Peroxidation: Mechanisms and Analysis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5944-72. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200084z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1195] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Ned A. Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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145
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Sinha M, Das DK, Bhattacharjee S, Majumdar S, Dey S. Leaf extract of Moringa oleifera prevents ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice. J Med Food 2011; 14:1167-72. [PMID: 21861723 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MoLE) against radiation-induced oxidative stress, which is assessed in terms of inflammation and lipid peroxidation. Swiss albino mice were administered MoLE (300 mg/kg of body weight) for 15 consecutive days before exposing them to a single dose of 5 Gy of ⁶⁰Co γ-irradiation. Mice were sacrificed at 4 hours after irradiation. Liver was collected for immunoblotting and biochemical tests for the detection of markers of hepatic oxidative stress. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and lipid peroxidation were augmented, whereas the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values were decreased by radiation exposure. Translocation of NF-κB from cytoplasm to nucleus and lipid peroxidation were found to be inhibited, whereas increases in SOD, CAT, GSH, and FRAP were observed in the mice treated with MoLE prior to irradiation. Therefore pretreatment with MoLE protected against γ-radiation-induced liver damage. The protection may be attributed to the free radical scavenging activity of MoLE, through which it can ameliorate radiation-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahuya Sinha
- Department of Physiology, University Colleges of Science, Technology, and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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146
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Pamplona R, Costantini D. Molecular and structural antioxidant defenses against oxidative stress in animals. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2011; 301:R843-63. [PMID: 21775650 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00034.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, it is our aim 1) to describe the high diversity in molecular and structural antioxidant defenses against oxidative stress in animals, 2) to extend the traditional concept of antioxidant to other structural and functional factors affecting the "whole" organism, 3) to incorporate, when supportable by evidence, mechanisms into models of life-history trade-offs and maternal/epigenetic inheritance, 4) to highlight the importance of studying the biochemical integration of redox systems, and 5) to discuss the link between maximum life span and antioxidant defenses. The traditional concept of antioxidant defenses emphasizes the importance of the chemical nature of molecules with antioxidant properties. Research in the past 20 years shows that animals have also evolved a high diversity in structural defenses that should be incorporated in research on antioxidant responses to reactive species. Although there is a high diversity in antioxidant defenses, many of them are evolutionary conserved across animal taxa. In particular, enzymatic defenses and heat shock response mediated by proteins show a low degree of variation. Importantly, activation of an antioxidant response may be also energetically and nutrient demanding. So knowledge of antioxidant mechanisms could allow us to identify and to quantify any underlying costs, which can help explain life-history trade-offs. Moreover, the study of inheritance mechanisms of antioxidant mechanisms has clear potential to evaluate the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to stress response phenotype variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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147
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148
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Naudí A, Jové M, Ayala V, Portero-Otín M, Barja G, Pamplona R. Regulation of Membrane Unsaturation as Antioxidant Adaptive Mechanism in Long-lived Animal Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5530/ax.2011.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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149
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Rodriguez-Rocha H, Aracely-Garcia-Garcia, Panayiotidis MI, Franco R. DNA damage and autophagy. Mutat Res 2011; 711:158-66. [PMID: 21419786 PMCID: PMC3105359 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both exogenous and endogenous agents are a threat to DNA integrity. Exogenous environmental agents such as ultraviolet (UV) and ionizing radiation, genotoxic chemicals and endogenous byproducts of metabolism including reactive oxygen species can cause alterations in DNA structure (DNA damage). Unrepaired DNA damage has been linked to a variety of human disorders including cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Thus, efficient mechanisms to detect DNA lesions, signal their presence and promote their repair have been evolved in cells. If DNA is effectively repaired, DNA damage response is inactivated and normal cell functioning resumes. In contrast, when DNA lesions cannot be removed, chronic DNA damage triggers specific cell responses such as cell death and senescence. Recently, DNA damage has been shown to induce autophagy, a cellular catabolic process that maintains a balance between synthesis, degradation, and recycling of cellular components. But the exact mechanisms by which DNA damage triggers autophagy are unclear. More importantly, the role of autophagy in the DNA damage response and cellular fate is unknown. In this review we analyze evidence that supports a role for autophagy as an integral part of the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Lincoln, NE 68583
| | - Aracely-Garcia-Garcia
- Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Lincoln, NE 68583
| | | | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Lincoln, NE 68583
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150
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Zhang B, Shi Z, Duncan DT, Prodduturi N, Marnett LJ, Liebler DC. Relating protein adduction to gene expression changes: a systems approach. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:2118-27. [PMID: 21594272 DOI: 10.1039/c1mb05014a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modification of proteins by reactive electrophiles such as the 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) plays a critical role in oxidant-associated human diseases. However, little is known about protein adduction and the mechanism by which protein damage elicits adaptive effects and toxicity. We developed a systems approach for relating protein adduction to gene expression changes through the integration of protein adduction, gene expression, protein-DNA interaction, and protein-protein interaction data. Using a random walk strategy, we expanded a list of responsive transcription factors inferred from gene expression studies to upstream signaling networks, which in turn allowed overlaying protein adduction data on the network for the prediction of stress sensors and their associated regulatory mechanisms. We demonstrated the general applicability of transcription factor-based signaling network inference using 103 known pathways. Applying our workflow on gene expression and protein adduction data from HNE-treatment not only rediscovered known mechanisms of electrophile stress but also generated novel hypotheses regarding protein damage sensors. Although developed for analyzing protein adduction data, the framework can be easily adapted for phosphoproteomics and other types of protein modification data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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